Journal articles on the topic 'Balance recovery strategy'
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1
Robinovitch, Stephen N., Britta Heller, Andrew Lui, and Jeffrey Cortez. "Effect of Strength and Speed of Torque Development on Balance Recovery With the Ankle Strategy." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 2 (August 1, 2002): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2002.88.2.613.
Abstract:
In the event of an unexpected disturbance to balance, the ability to recover a stable upright stance should depend not only on the magnitude of torque that can be generated by contraction of muscles spanning the lower extremity joints but also on how quickly these torques can be developed. In the present study, we used a combination of experimental and mathematical models of balance recovery by sway (feet in place responses) to test this hypothesis. Twenty-three young subjects participated in experiments in which they were supported in an inclined standing position by a horizontal tether and instructed to recover balance by contracting only their ankle muscles. The maximum lean angle where they could recover balance without release of the tether (static recovery limit) averaged 14.9 ± 1.4° (mean ± SD). The maximum initial lean angle where they could recover balance after the tether was unexpectedly released and the ankles were initially relaxed (dynamic recovery limit) averaged 5.9 ± 1.1°, or 60 ± 11% smaller than the static recovery limit. Peak ankle torque did not differ significantly between the two conditions (and averaged 116 ± 32 Nm), indicating the strong effect on recovery ability of latencies in the onset and subsequent rates of torque generation (which averaged 99 ± 13 ms and 372 ± 267 N · m/s, respectively). Additional experiments indicated that dynamic recovery limits increased 11 ± 14% with increases in the baseline ankle torques prior to release (from an average value of 31 ± 18 to 54 ± 24 N · m). These trends are in agreement with predictions from a computer simulation based on an inverted pendulum model, which illustrate the specific combinations of baseline ankle torque, rate of torque generation, and peak ankle torque that are required to attain target recovery limits.
2
Zha, Fusheng, Wentao Sheng, Wei Guo, Shiyin Qiu, Xin Wang, and Fei Chen. "The Exoskeleton Balance Assistance Control Strategy Based on Single Step Balance Assessment." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050884.
Abstract:
A novel balance assistance control strategy of a hip exoskeleton robot was proposed in this paper. The organic fusion of the human balance assessment and the exoskeleton balance assistance control strategy are the assurance of balance recovery. However, currently there are few human balance assessment methods that are suitable for detecting balance loss during standing and walking, and very little research has focused on exoskeleton balance recovery control. In this paper, a single step balance assessment method was proposed first, and then based on this method an "assist-as-needed" balance assistance control strategy was established. Finally, the exoskeleton balance assistance control experiment was carried out. The experiment results verified the effectiveness of the single balance assessment method and the active balance assistance control strategy.
3
Aprigliano, F., V. Monaco, P. Tropea, D. Martelli, N. Vitiello, and S. Micera. "Effectiveness of a Robot-Mediated Strategy While Counteracting Multidirectional Slippages." Robotica 37, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 2119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574719000626.
Abstract:
SummaryThis study investigates the effectiveness of a robot-mediated strategy aimed at promoting balance recovery after multidirectional slippages. Six older adults were asked to manage anteroposterior and mediolateral slippages while donning an active pelvis orthosis (APO). The APO was set up either to assist volunteers during balance loss or to be transparent. The margin of stability, in sagittal and frontal planes, was the main metric to assess the effectiveness of balance recovery. Results showed that the assistive strategy is effective at promoting balance recovery in the sagittal plane, for both perturbing paradigms; however, it is not effective at controlling stability in the frontal plane.
4
Matrangola, Sara, and Michael Madigan. "Influence of Obesity on Balance Recovery Using an Ankle Strategy." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42 (May 2010): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000385103.33444.88.
5
Berrigan, F., and M. Simoneau. "7.1 Influence of a delayed perturbation on balance recovery strategy." Gait & Posture 21 (June 2005): S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0966-6362(05)80143-2.
6
Jiang, Linjing, Satoshi Kasahara, Tomoya Ishida, Yuta Koshino, Ami Chiba, Yuting Wei, Mina Samukawa, and Harukazu Tohyama. "Effect of suspensory strategy on balance recovery after lateral perturbation." Human Movement Science 94 (April 2024): 103184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103184.
7
Mahani, Mohammad-Ali Nikouei, Shahram Jafari, and Hadi Rahmatkhah. "A novel approach for humanoid push recovery using stereopsis." Robotica 32, no. 3 (August 7, 2013): 413–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574713000684.
Abstract:
SUMMARYPush recovery is one of the most challenging problems for the current humanoid robots. The importance of push recovery can be well observed in the real environment. The critical issue for a humanoid is to maintain and recover its balance against any disturbances. In this research a new stereovision approach is proposed to estimate the robot deviation angle and consequently, the movement of center of mass of the robot is calculated. Then, two novel strategies have been devised to recover the balance of the humanoid which are called “knee strategy” and “knee-hip strategy.” Also, a mathematical model validates the efficiency of the proposed strategies as demonstrated in the paper. Experiments have been conducted on a humanoid robot and demonstrate that the predicted robot deviation angle, using stereovision technique, converges to the actual deviation angle. Stable regions of proposed strategies illustrate that the humanoid can recover its stability in a robust manner. Vision-based estimation also shows a higher correlation to actual deviation angle and a lower fluctuation compared with the output of the acceleration sensor.
8
Matrangola, Sara L., and Michael L. Madigan. "The effects of obesity on balance recovery using an ankle strategy." Human Movement Science 30, no. 3 (June 2011): 584–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2010.11.007.
9
Dong, Chun Ping. "Equilibrium State of Football Players Affected by Disturbance." Advanced Materials Research 933 (May 2014): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.933.291.
Abstract:
Strategies of human balance when standing up from static equilibrium strategy began. The paper use bio-mechanical principles study human balance strategies, we will first discuss the stability of the human body measurement problems, and then discuss the footballer walking process disturbed the balance of input recovery strategy, and the results of this study provide enhancements for the body to balance the theoretical support.
10
Whitten, Justin, Bryant Oleary, Dawn Tarabochia, and David Graham. "DOES PERTURBATION-BASED BALANCE TRAINING ON COMMERCIAL TREADMILLS IMPROVE BALANCE RECOVERY IN OLDER ADULTS?" Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.144.
Abstract:
Abstract Background Perturbation-based training (PBT) is a balance training method that causes a trip like event requiring a rapid step response to regain balance. There are numerous examples in the literature demonstrating the effectiveness of PBT but the need to use an expensive treadmill in a scientific laboratory limits the general applicability of PBT as a community-based intervention. A possible solution is to rapidly stop the treadmill belt during walking using the e-brake as the perturbation event. Importantly this could be performed on a commercially available, lower cost treadmill. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial treadmill during PBT. Methods Seventeen participants completed either 9 weeks of PBT or conventional balance training based on ACSM guidelines. During an initial and final testing session participants balance recovery performance was evaluated. Participants were released from a forward static lean angle and asked to recover with a single step, during this test their movement was recorded and subsequently used to determine the Margin or Stability pre- and post-training. Participants were tracked for 6 months following the intervention and falls were recorded on a weekly basis. Results and Summary: There was no difference in balance recovery performance between groups following the training intervention and there was no difference in fall rate between groups in the 6-month follow-up period. We conclude that overall using the e-brake of a commercial treadmill is ineffective as a PBT strategy as it elicits no greater benefit than conventional exercise training.
11
Pan, Zhi-jun, and Yan Zhang. "A flexible black-start network partitioning strategy considering subsystem recovery time balance." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 25, no. 8 (April 22, 2014): 1644–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.1932.
12
Allen Pranata Putra and Agung Bayu Murti. "Strategi Kebijakan Pemulihan Ekonomi Berdasarkan Perspektif Critical Realism Pada Disruption Di Indonesia." Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research 4, no. 1 (September 15, 2023): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/jtear.v4i1.824.
Abstract:
Researchers observe that after the second wave of Covid-19 is an economic revival, countries that recover faster from the economic crisis are countries that are ready to win market competition. The urgency of this research is that the acceleration of economic recovery in Indonesia is very important to observe and analyze. The formulation of this research problem has two things, namely: 1) What is the potential for economic recovery based on the perspective of critical realism in disruption in Indonesia? 2) How is the optimization of economic recovery policy strategy in Indonesia? The stages of research methods to achieve research objectives are qualitative through the use of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations. The results show that the priority program of import substitution policy has been implemented to reach 35% in 2022 and is predicted to continue to be increased as an effort to improve the national trade balance. The priority program for import substitution policy has been implemented to reach 35% in 2022 and is predicted to continue to be increased as an effort to improve the national trade balance.
13
Ippolito, Nicolò Maria, Franco Medici, Loris Pietrelli, and Luigi Piga. "Effect of Acid Leaching Pre-Treatment on Gold Extraction from Printed Circuit Boards of Spent Mobile Phones." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020362.
Abstract:
The effect of a preliminary acid leaching for the recovery of gold by thiourea from printed circuit boards (PCBs) of spent mobile phones, was investigated. Preliminary leaching is aimed to recover copper in the leachate that would compete with gold in the successive leaching of the residue with thiourea, thus preventing the formation of the gold-thiourea complex. Two hydrometallurgical routes were tested for the recovery of copper first, and gold after. The first one was based on a two-step leaching that utilizes sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in the preliminary leaching and then thiourea for the recovery of gold in the successive leaching: A copper and gold recovery of 81% and 79% were obtained, respectively. In the second route, nitric acid was used: 100% of copper was recovered in the leachate and 85% of gold in the thiourea successive leaching. The main operative parameters, namely thiourea and ferric sulphate concentrations, leach time, liquid-solid ratio, and temperature were studied according to a factorial plan strategy. A flowsheet of the processes was proposed, and a mass balance of both routes was obtained. Finally, qualitative considerations on the technical and economic feasibility of the different routes were made.
14
OGAYA, S., K. NAGAI, Y. OKITA, and S. FUCHIOKA. "THEORETICAL PREDICTION OF THE ROLE OF CO-CONTRACTION DURING BALANCE RECOVERY IN ELDERLY." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 17, no. 05 (July 10, 2017): 1750085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519417500853.
Abstract:
This study aimed to determine the effect of muscle co-contraction on balance recovery by using a simulation model. The muscle-driven forward simulation model included an inverted pendulum with two ankle muscles, a plantar flexor muscle (PF), and a dorsal flexor muscle (DF). The model was created based on experimental data obtained from balance recovery after applying backward platform translation to a standing elderly woman. Baseline simulation was performed using this model. Additionally, we performed two simulations with increased DF excitation at the same level of simulation and at the same pattern of simulation. The same level of simulation had the same PF excitation level as the baseline simulation with increased DF excitation. The same pattern simulation had the same increased or decreased PF excitation pattern but with a constant increase in PF excitation level to offset the increased DF excitation. Our results revealed that the same pattern simulation decreased the maximum dorsal flexion angle after platform translation. During the same level of simulation, the insufficient PF force used to recover balance resulted in a forward fall. These results imply that co-contraction is an effective strategy for recovering balance at the expense of additional muscle excitation in the elderly.
15
Feng, Yi Wei, and Jia Li Liu. "Distributed Fixed Time Control for DC Microgrid with Input Delay." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (February 25, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8837110.
Abstract:
This paper develops a distributed fixed-time quadratic coordinated control strategy for isolated DC microgrids with time delays. The proposed control scheme based on the droop control strategy is intended to realize bus voltage recovery and current balance distribution under time delays. We first model the isolated DC microgrids as a single integrator system with input delays by the Artstein’s transform. The current balance and voltage recovery are achieved by using fixed time control, which does not depend on the initial state of the system. Based on the Lyapunov functional method, the stability analysis criterion of the system is derived. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method, the DC microgrid system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink.
16
Mixco, Anthony, Michelle Reynolds, Brian Tracy, and Raoul F. Reiser. "Aging-Related Cocontraction Effects During Ankle Strategy Balance Recovery Following Tether Release in Women." Journal of Motor Behavior 44, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2011.633944.
17
Mijaylova Nacheva, P., G. Moeller Chávez, and M. Juárez Herrera. "Alternative treatment strategy for tannery water reuse and material recovery." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0105.
Abstract:
Most tanneries use conventional systems for treatment of the mixture of all production effluents. Such an approach makes it possible to meet environmental regulations, but because of the high cost of the treatment facilities, its implementation has been scarce, especially in developing countries. With the waste reduction-elimination concept in view, an alternative strategy for water management is proposed based on individual treatment of the effluents from different processing steps to obtain multiquality recycled water for various reuse purposes, materials recovery and complete reuse of treated water. The methodology includes a database generation of tanneries in Mexico, a mass balance and pollution index determination, formulation of water management scenarios and technical-economical evaluation. To replace the traditionally used sulfide oxidation, a sulfide recovering was proposed. Chromium, grease and protein recovery were considered too. The proposed alternative allows a 90% fresh water reduction, the recovery of more than 95% of chromium and sulfide, 90% of grease, 65% of protein and zero discharge of wastewater. Simultaneous implementation of various water saving methods using in-house wastewater treatment techniques for recovering of chemicals and sub-products reduces substantially the cost of water management.
18
Pop, N., L. Vladareanu, H. Wang, M. Ungureanu, M. Migdalovici, V. Vladareanu, Y. Feng, M. Lin, E. P. Mastan, and Ibrahiem El Emary. "Strategies for Recovery and Maintain of A Biped Walking Robot Balance." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.28 (May 16, 2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.28.12893.
Abstract:
Recovering and maintaining the balance of the biped walking robots play an important role in their operation. In this article we will analyze some strategies for balancing in the sagittal plane, in the presence of external disturbances and changing the proportions between leg’s length and trunk’s length (golden section), and/or adding weights (boot type) between the ankle and the knee so that the center of gravity is as low as possible. For equilibrium recovery, we suggest that the biped walking model be equipped with actuator that provides a torque at the hip. or/and at the ankle. The strategy of balance has a goal to move the disturbed system to the desired equilibrium state. We chose to study, the model of a double linear pendulum inverted under-actuated, with one passive and one active joint. Each case study and usage of these strategies is validated by Webots and is applied for NAO robot.
19
Carty, Christopher P., Peter Mills, and Rod Barrett. "Recovery from forward loss of balance in young and older adults using the stepping strategy." Gait & Posture 33, no. 2 (February 2011): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.11.017.
20
Mixco, Anthony R., Michelle M. Reynolds, Brian L. Tracy, and Raoul F. Reiser. "Age-Related Co-Contraction Effects On Balance Recovery Using the Ankle Strategy After Tether Release." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 43, Suppl 1 (May 2011): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000401465.08837.8a.
21
Mendez Monroy, Paul Erick. "Walking Motion Generation and Neuro-Fuzzy Control with Push Recovery for Humanoid Robot." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 12, no. 3 (April 23, 2017): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2017.3.2842.
Abstract:
Push recovery is an essential requirement for a humanoid robot with the objective of safely performing tasks within a real dynamic environment. In this environment, the robot is susceptible to external disturbance that in some cases is inevitable, requiring push recovery strategies to avoid possible falls, damage in humans and the environment. In this paper, a novel push recovery approach to counteract disturbance from any direction and any walking phase is developed. It presents a pattern generator with the ability to be modified according to the push recovery strategy. The result is a humanoid robot that can maintain its balance in the presence of strong disturbance taking into account its magnitude and determining the best push recovery strategy. Push recovery experiments with different disturbance directions have been performed using a 20 DOF Darwin-OP robot. The adaptability and low computational cost of the whole scheme allows is incorporation into an embedded system.
22
Melo-Alonso, Maria, Alvaro Murillo-Garcia, Juan Luis Leon-Llamas, Santos Villafaina, Mari Carmen Gomez-Alvaro, Felipe Alejandro Morcillo-Parras, and Narcis Gusi. "Classification and Definitions of Compensatory Protective Step Strategies in Older Adults: A Scoping Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 2 (January 22, 2024): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020635.
Abstract:
Background: The risk for an unexpected fall can be due to increasing age, health conditions, and loss of cognitive, sensory, or musculoskeletal functions. Falls have personal and economic consequences in many countries. Different disturbances can occur during gait, such as tripping, slipping, or other unexpected circumstances that can generate a loss of balance. The strategies used to recover balance depend on many factors, but selecting a correct response strategy influences the success of balance recovery. Objectives: (1) To collect and clarify the definitions of compensatory protective step strategies to recover balance in older adults; (2) to identify the most used methods to induce loss of balance; and (3) to identify the most used spatiotemporal variables in analyzing these actions. Methods: The present review has followed the PRISMA guideline extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) and the phases proposed by Askery and O’Malley. The search was conducted in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: A total of 525 articles were identified, and 53 studies were included. Forty-five articles were quasi-experimental studies, six articles were randomized controlled trials, and two studies had an observational design. In total, 12 compensatory protective step strategies have been identified. Conclusions: There are 12 compensatory protective step strategies: lowering and elevating strategy, short- and long-step strategy, backward and forward stepping for slip, single step, multiple steps, lateral sidesteps or loaded leg sidestep unloaded leg sidestep, crossover step (behind and front), and medial sidestep. To standardize the terminology applied in future studies, we recommend collecting these strategies under the term of compensatory protective step strategies. The most used methods to induce loss of balance are the tether-release, trip, waist-pull, and slip methods. The variables analyzed by articles are the number of steps, the acceleration phase and deceleration phase, COM displacement, the step initiation or step duration, stance phase time, swing phase time and double-stance duration, stride length, step length, speed step, speed gait and the type of step.
23
Nenchev, Dragomir N., and Akinori Nishio. "Ankle and hip strategies for balance recovery of a biped subjected to an impact." Robotica 26, no. 5 (September 2008): 643–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574708004268.
Abstract:
SUMMARYA humanoid robot should be able to keep balance even in the presence of disturbing forces. Studies of human body reaction patterns to sudden external forces (impacts) are useful for developing balance control strategies. In this paper, we show how to implement two such reaction patterns, called ankle and hip strategy, using a small humanoid robot. Simple dynamical models in the sagittal plane are employed. The decision for invoking one of the reaction patterns is based on acceleration data measured during the impact. The experiments confirm that the robot is able to react swiftly, similar to a human.
24
Nguyen, Thanh Van, and Kyeong-Hwa Kim. "An Improved Power Management Strategy for MAS-Based Distributed Control of DC Microgrid under Communication Network Problems." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2019): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010122.
Abstract:
In this paper, an improved power management strategy (PMS) for multi-agent system (MAS)-based distributed control of DC microgrid (DCMG) under communication network problems is presented in order to enhance the reliability of DCMG and to ensure the system power balance under various conditions. To implement MAS-based distributed control, a communication network is constructed to exchange information among agents. Based on the information obtained from communication and local measurements, the decision for the local controller and communication is optimally given to guarantee the system power balance under various conditions. The operating modes of the agents can be determined locally without introducing any central controller. Simultaneously, the agents can operate in a deliberative and cooperative manner to ensure global optimization by means of the communication network. Furthermore, to prevent the system power imbalance caused by the delay in grid fault detection and communication in case of the grid fault, a DC-link voltage (DCV) restoration algorithm is proposed in this study. In addition, to avoid the conflict in the DCV control among power agents in case of the grid recovery under communication failure, a grid recovery identification algorithm is also proposed to improve the reliability of DCMG operation. In this scheme, a special current pattern is generated on the DC-link at the instant of the grid recovery by the grid agent, and other power agents identify the grid recovery by detecting this current pattern. Comprehensive simulations and experiments based on DCMG testbed have been carried out to prove the effectiveness of the PMS and the proposed control schemes under various conditions.
25
Bolton, David A. E., Charlie C. Baggett, Chase A. Mitton, Sara A. Harper, and James K. Richardson. "Suppressing a Blocked Balance Recovery Step: A Novel Method to Assess an Inhibitory Postural Response." Brain Sciences 13, no. 10 (October 21, 2023): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101488.
Abstract:
Stepping to recover balance is an important way we avoid falling. However, when faced with obstacles in the step path, we must adapt such reactions. Physical obstructions are typically detected through vision, which then cues step modification. The present study describes a novel method to assess visually prompted step inhibition in a reactive balance context. In our task, participants recovered balance by quickly stepping after being released from a supported forward lean. On rare trials, however, an obstacle blocked the stepping path. The timing of vision relative to postural perturbation was controlled using occlusion goggles to regulate task difficulty. Furthermore, we explored step suppression in our balance task related to inhibitory capacity measured at the hand using a clinically feasible handheld device (ReacStick). Our results showed that ReacStick and step outcomes were significantly correlated in terms of successful inhibition (r = 0.57) and overall reaction accuracy (r = 0.76). This study presents a novel method for assessing rapid inhibition in a dynamic postural context, a capacity that appears to be a necessary prerequisite to a subsequent adaptive strategy. Moreover, this capacity is significantly related to ReacStick performance, suggesting a potential clinical translation.
26
Hu, Xiaoxing, Yangge Zhu, Zhenguo Song, and Kangkang Chen. "Beneficiation process reengineering under the background of green development-- take the full utilization of a low-grade lead-zinc ore as an example." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2738, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2738/1/012006.
Abstract:
Abstract A zero-waste mine is an advanced mine development and resource utilization strategy that aims to encourage the reduction of mine solid waste at source and the utilization of all its components. A low-grade lead-zinc ore in Guangxi, China, contains valuable components like galena, sphalerite, pyrite, barite, etc. and the gangue mineral is primarily dolomite. This paper proposes a flow of “waste pre-discarding by dense medium cyclone - sequential priority flotation of lead and zinc recovery - flotation and gravity combined process for barite recovery” to realize full component utilization. In this technical approach, 38.81% of the waste rock that can be utilized as concrete aggregate was removed from the feed ore through pre-discarding prior to grinding, after that recovers lead and zinc by the sequential priority flotation method with yield of Pb concentrate and Zn concentrate at 7.61%. In order to more efficiently recover barite and pyrite from lead-zinc flotation tailings, the gravity equipment of reflux classifier (RC) was used, which obtained barite concentrate with a yield of 7.97% and pyrite concentrate with a yield of 2.28%. The remaining yield of 43.34% tailings can be used for filling after the recovery of barite concentrate. Utilizing waste rock, lead, zinc, barite, and other resources might help the mine achieve the dynamic balance of “mining-discarding-beneficiation-filling” and realize zero tailings discharge.
27
Matsuda, Soichiro, and Yukio Takeda. "Strategy for Application of Support Object for Fall Prevention in the Elderly Based on Balance Recovery Characteristics." Machines 8, no. 4 (October 7, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8040060.
Abstract:
This research proposes a strategy for applying support objects—equipment, tools, and even furniture/environment from which humans can receive reaction force through their hands—for fall prevention in the elderly. This paper presents an assessment example of support objects based on balance recovery characteristics and a discussion regarding their application according to the assessment results. The balance recovery characteristics depend on the direction in which reaction force can be obtained based on the shape of the support object and direction in which the force is easily exerted on the hand. Evaluation indices for assessing the height and shape of nonportable support objects and determining a position of the tip on the ground of a cane, a typical portable support object, in the anterior direction are briefly introduced based on the authors’ previous works. The strategy for the application of support objects utilizing the evaluation indices is proposed; better use of support objects, their locations, new-shaped ones, and support devices with a new design concept are discussed and introduced based on the values of the calculated indices according to the type/usage of the support objects.
28
Do, Duc-Tri, Vinh-Thanh Tran, and Minh-Khai Nguyen. "Enhanced Boost Factor for Three-Level Quasi-Switched Boost T-Type Inverter." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133920.
Abstract:
A new modulation strategy has been introduced in this paper in order to enhance the boost factor for the three-level quasi-switched boost T-type inverter (3L-qSBT2I). Under this approach, the component rating of power devices is significantly decreased. Moreover, the use of a larger boost factor produces a smaller shoot-through current. This benefit leads to reducing the conduction loss significantly. Furthermore, the neutral voltage unbalance is also considered. The duty cycle of two active switches of a quasi-switched boost (qSB) network is redetermined based on actual capacitor voltages to recovery balance condition. Noted that the boost factor will not be affected by the proposed capacitor voltage balance strategy. The proposed method is taken into account to be compared with other previous studies. The operation principle and overall control strategy for this configuration are also detailed. The simulation and experiment are implemented with the help of PSIM software and laboratory prototype to demonstrate the accuracy of this strategy.
29
Paliulyte, Regina. "STABILITY POLICY DURING ECONOMIC DOWNTURN: INSTITUTIONAL AND INTERVENTIONALISTIC ASPECTS." Ekonomika 89, no. 4 (January 1, 2010): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2010.0.968.
Abstract:
The issue of stable policy became extremely relevant during the recession. Stable policy encompasses recovery of the lost equilibrium, prevention of the undesirable situation and assurance of sustainable economic development. Two competitive decisions of stable policy – intervention and institutional – can be accentuated. Intervention strategy means supply stimulation and balance recovery through fiscal and monetary policy. Institutional stable policy stresses the prevention of unwanted situations through creating a resilient institutional economic structure and freeing the market self-regulation mechanism. The article compares both strategies, analyzes their consequences, influence on the development and depth of the crisis, and possibilities of the national adaptation mechanism.
30
Gurton, William, Heather Macrae, Lewis Gough, and David G. King. "Effects of post-exercise sodium bicarbonate ingestion on acid-base balance recovery and time-to-exhaustion running performance: a randomised crossover trial in recreational athletes." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 46, no. 9 (September 2021): 1111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-1120.
Abstract:
This study investigated the effect of post-exercise sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on acid-base balance recovery and time-to-exhaustion (TTE) running performance. Eleven male runners (stature, 1.80 ± 0.05 m; body mass, 74.4 ± 6.5 kg; maximal oxygen consumption, 51.7 ± 5.4 mL·kg−1·min−1) participated in this randomised, single-blind, counterbalanced and crossover design study. Maximal running velocity (v-V̇O2max) was identified from a graded exercise test. During experimental trials, participants repeated 100% v-V̇O2max TTE protocols (TTE1, TTE2) separated by 40 min following the ingestion of either 0.3 g·kg−1 body mass NaHCO3 (SB) or 0.03 g·kg−1 body mass sodium chloride (PLA) at the start of TTE1 recovery. Acid-base balance (blood pH and bicarbonate, HCO3–) data were studied at baseline, post-TTE1, after 35 min recovery and post-TTE2. Blood pH and HCO3– concentration were unchanged at 35 min recovery (p > 0.05), but HCO3– concentration was elevated post-TTE2 for SB vs. PLA (+2.6 mmol·L−1; p = 0.005; g = 0.99). No significant differences were observed for TTE2 performance (p > 0.05), although a moderate effect size was present for SB vs. PLA (+14.3 s; g = 0.56). Post-exercise NaHCO3 ingestion is not an effective strategy for accelerating the restoration of acid-base balance or improving subsequent TTE performance when limited recovery is available. Novelty: Post-exercise sodium bicarbonate ingestion did not accelerate the restoration of blood pH or bicarbonate after 35 min. Performance enhancing effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion may display a high degree of inter-individual variation. Small-to-moderate changes in performance were likely due to greater up-regulation of glycolytic activation during exercise.
31
Piras, Alessandro, Lorenzo Zini, Aurelio Trofè, Francesco Campa, and Milena Raffi. "Effects of Acute Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Function and Subsequent Recovery Strategy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 4597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094597.
Abstract:
Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) is believed to alter blood flow, increasing cutaneous blood perfusion, with vasodilation and hyperemia. According to these physiological mechanisms, we investigated the short-term effects of MENS on constant-load exercise and the subsequent recovery process. Ten healthy subjects performed, on separate days, constant-load cycling, which was preceded and followed by active or inactive stimulation to the right quadricep. Blood lactate, pulmonary oxygen, and muscle deoxyhemoglobin on-transition kinetics were recorded. Hemodynamic parameters, heart rate variability, and baroreflex sensitivity were collected and used as a tool to investigate the recovery process. Microcurrent stimulation caused a faster deoxyhemoglobin (4.43 ± 0.5 vs. 5.80 ± 0.5 s) and a slower VO2 (25.19 ± 2.1 vs. 21.94 ± 1.3 s) on-kinetics during cycling, with higher lactate levels immediately after treatments executed before exercise (1.55 ± 0.1 vs. 1.40 ± 0.1 mmol/L) and after exercise (2.15 ± 0.1 vs. 1.79 ± 0.1 mmol/L). In conclusion, MENS applied before exercise produced an increase in oxygen extraction at muscle microvasculature. In contrast, MENS applied after exercise improved recovery, with the sympathovagal balance shifted toward a state of parasympathetic predominance. MENS also caused higher lactate values, which may be due to the magnitude of the muscular stress by both manual treatment and electrical stimulation than control condition in which the muscle received only a manual treatment.
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Sikorskaya, T. V., D. D. Solodiy, and E. V. Maskin. "Dynamics of Storage Lipids during the Recovery of Partially Bleached Coral <i>Sinularia heterospiculata</i>." Биоорганическая химия 49, no. 5 (September 1, 2023): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0132342323050068.
Abstract:
Global warming is causing the loss of coral symbionts and their bleaching. Researches of coral recovery are very important for the conservation of coral reefs. The lipidomic approach can provide detailed information about the processes that take place in the coral during bleaching and recovery. Using supercritical fluid chromatography in combination with mass-spectrometry, the dynamics of the main classes of storage lipids triacylglycerols (TG) and monoalkyldiacylglycerols (MADAG) during the recovery of the octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata after heat stress (32°C). It was shown that MADAG plays an important role in the energy balance of S. heterospiculata after heat stress. Under stress, the coral S. heterospiculata primarily consumed saturated MADAG molecular species. Changes in the profile of TG molecular species occurred only on the 16th day of the experiment. Probable, the stressed octocoral S. heterospiculata changes its energy strategy during recovery; therefore, the qualitative composition of reserve lipids is rearranged during the recovery period.
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Sung, Paul S., and Emily Hosmer. "Preferred Limb Reaction, Swing and Recovery Step Times between Subjects with and without Chronic Low Back Pain." Symmetry 13, no. 11 (November 8, 2021): 2115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112115.
Abstract:
A compensatory stepping strategy following repeated perturbations may compromise dynamic balance and postural stability. However, there is a lack of study on preferred limb reaction, swing, and step time adjustments. The purpose of this study was to investigate limb reaction, swing, and recovery step times following repeated trip perturbations in individuals with and without non-specific chronic low back pain (LBP). There were 30 subjects with LBP and 50 control subjects who participated in the study. The limb reaction, swing, and recovery step times (s) were measured following treadmill-induced random repeated perturbations (0.12 m/s velocity for 62.5 cm displacement), which caused subjects to move forward for 4.90 s. Both groups demonstrated a significant interaction of repetitions and times (F = 4.39, p = 0.03). Specifically, the recovery step time was significantly shorter in the LBP group during the first trip (t = 2.23, p = 0.03). There was a significant interaction on repetitions and times (F = 6.03, p = 0.02) in the LBP group, and the times were significantly different (F = 45.04, p = 0.001). The initial limb reaction time of the LBP group was significantly correlated with three repeated swing times to avoid falls. The novelty of the first trip tends to enhance a protective strategy implemented by the LBP group. Although limb preference did not demonstrate a significant difference between groups, the LBP group demonstrated shorter recovery step times on their preferred limb initially in order to implement an adaptive strategy to avoid fall injuries following repeated perturbations.
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Chen, Jinjin, Min Qiu, Zhongfeng Ye, Thomas Nyalile, Yamin Li, Zachary Glass, Xuewei Zhao, Liu Yang, Jianzhu Chen, and Qiaobing Xu. "In situ cancer vaccination using lipidoid nanoparticles." Science Advances 7, no. 19 (May 2021): eabf1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1244.
Abstract:
In situ vaccination is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy owing to its convenience and the ability to induce numerous tumor antigens. However, the advancement of in situ vaccination techniques has been hindered by low cross-presentation of tumor antigens and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To balance the safety and efficacy of in situ vaccination, we designed a lipidoid nanoparticle (LNP) to achieve simultaneously enhancing cross-presentation and STING activation. From combinatorial library screening, we identified 93-O17S-F, which promotes both the cross-presentation of tumor antigens and the intracellular delivery of cGAMP (STING agonist). Intratumor injection of 93-O17S-F/cGAMP in combination with pretreatment with doxorubicin exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy, with 35% of mice exhibiting total recovery from a primary B16F10 tumor and 71% of mice with a complete recovery from a subsequent challenge, indicating the induction of an immune memory against the tumor. This study provides a promising strategy for in situ cancer vaccination.
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Tian, Guizhen, Yuding Zheng, Guangchen Liu, and Jianwei Zhang. "SOC Balancing and Coordinated Control Based on Adaptive Droop Coefficient Algorithm for Energy Storage Units in DC Microgrid." Energies 15, no. 8 (April 17, 2022): 2943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082943.
Abstract:
In order to achieve a state-of-charge (SOC) balance among multiple energy storage units (MESUs) in an islanded DC microgrid, a SOC balancing and coordinated control strategy based on the adaptive droop coefficient algorithm for MESUs is proposed. When the SOC deviation is significant, the droop coefficient for an energy storage unit (ESU) with a higher (or lower) SOC is set to a minimum value when discharging (or charging). The ESU with the higher (or lower) SOC is controlled to discharge (or charge) with the rated power, while the other ESU compensates for the remaining power when the demanded discharging (or charging) power is greater than the rated power of the individual ESU. Otherwise, when the demanded discharging (or charging) power is lower than the rated power of either ESU, the ESU with the higher (or lower) SOC releases (or absorbs) almost all the required power while the other ESU barely absorbs or releases power, thus quickly realizing SOC balancing. When the SOC deviation is slight, the fuzzy logic algorithm dynamically adjusts the droop coefficient and changes the power distribution relationship to balance the SOC accurately. Furthermore, a bus voltage recovery control scheme is employed to regulate the bus voltage, thus improving the voltage quality. The energy coordinated management strategy is adopted to ensure the power balance and stabilize the bus voltage in the DC microgrid. A simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in achieving fast and accurate SOC balance and regulating the bus voltage.
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Mittermeir, Georg M. "Material-Balance Method for Dual-Porosity Reservoirs With Recovery Curves To Model the Matrix/Fracture Transfer." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 18, no. 02 (February 9, 2015): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/174082-pa.
Abstract:
Summary This paper presents a material-balance (MB) method applicable to naturally fractured dual-porosity reservoirs by considering the matrix/fracture transfer. The method is based on the recognition that the performance of water and gas displacement from matrix blocks can be depicted in the form of recovery factor vs. time. These recovery curves determine the matrix/fracture oil transfer. The reservoir pressure change depends on the original fluids in place and the strength of the aquifer. Thus, a close relationship between the recovery curves and the observed reservoir state (e.g., pressure, position of the phase contacts, water cut, and gas/oil ratio), the aquifer parameters, and the matrix/fracture oil transfer exists. Concerning the matrix blocks, the surrounding fracture continuum sets the boundary conditions by acting as an injector. The injection rates are predefined by the provided recovery curves, which one can obtain with different methods. They can be calculated by fine-scale single matrix-block models (Pirker et al. 2007), derived from conventional full-field numerical models, measured in a laboratory autoclave (Mattax and Kyte 1962), or determined by theoretical means (Davis and Hill 1982). The recovery curves can be scaled and normalized, making them applicable within a certain rock type to a wide range of rock parameters, namely shape factor, permeability, and porosity (Amiry 2014). While in a full-field model, various rock types can be identified; in MB calculations, however, they must be reduced to a single rock type. MB calculations—irrespective of conventional single-porosity methods or the herein-presented approach for dual-porosity naturally fractured reservoirs—are always conducted on a homogenized reservoir model. Therefore, variations in rock and pressure/volume/temperature properties cannot be taken into account. The recovery process is governed by two parameters—the asymptotic value of the recovery function and the time-scaling factor. These two parameters can be used for matching the observed reservoir performance. The new MB method matches both the reservoir pressure and the positions of the phase contacts. It also provides aquifer and matrix/fracture fluid-transfer models. Applying the parameters of those models in prediction mode and assuming a future production strategy, reservoir-pressure decline and phase-contact movements can be forecasted. The paper presents the calculation schema and the successful application to a field with more than 500 million STB of original oil in place and a 35-year production history. For the first time, it becomes possible to realistically—this means by fully considering the governing recovery mechanisms and thus the matrix/fracture transfer—calculate MB for naturally fractured dual-porosity reservoirs.
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Vallini, G., F. Cecchi, P. Pavan, A. Pera, J. Mata-Alvarez, and A. Bassettit. "Recovery and Disposal of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) by Means of Combined Anaerobic and Aerobic Bio-Treatments." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0089.
Abstract:
The paper deals with the semi-dry anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste followed by composting as finishing treatment of the digested sludge. The integration of the anaerobic and aerobic treatments was studied as approach to close the water balance of the semi-dry anaerobic digestion process and to remove the phytotoxicity of the digested effluent. This study evaluated the response of the anaerobic effluent to the co-composting post-processing step, whether the anaerobic sludge came from mesophilic semi-dry digestion or thermophilic semi-dry nethanization. Evaluation of the strategy adopted was carried out in terms of performance of aerobic stabilization and its incidence on the economy of the overall treatment and the water balance of the process. Co-composting gave best results when integrated with thermophilic digestion.
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Starovoitova, S., O. Demchenko, V. Bila, and M. Spivak. "The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Its Recovery in COVID-19." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 84, no. 1 (April 17, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj84.01.057.
Abstract:
Today, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, when there are no clear therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment, attention should be paid to alternative treatments, which may include the use of bacteriotherapeutic drugs based on probiotic microorganisms, i.e. representatives of the host normobiota. Experimental data show that changes in immune balance in patients with SARS-CoV-2 may be mediated by corresponding changes in the host intestinal microbiota. This statement is especially significant for the elderly, whose intestinal biota is less diverse. Especially the number of useful representative’s decreases, which leads to greater sensitivity of the older generation to SARS-CoV-2. The composition and function of the intestinal microbiota may be a potential biological mechanism responsible for the diversity of susceptibility of different groups of people to SARS-CoV-2. A bidirectional connection along the intestinelung axis due to soluble microbial metabolites transported by the bloodstream is shown. The intestinal microbiota produces many diffusing metabolites with immunomodulatory properties. Given the potential beneficial effects of bacteriotherapeutic drugs and functional foods enriched with probiotic microbiota during respiratory viral infection, their use as therapeutic agents during SARS-CoV-2 infection can be considered. Since the microbiota can be maintained using adequate, safe, and relatively inexpensive bacteriotherapeutic drugs (pro-, pre-, para-, post-, synbiotics, immunobiotics, functional foods enriched with probiotic microorganisms, etc.), their use should be considered as adjunctive therapy to limit SARS-CoV-2 progression in infected patients or as a prophylactic strategy for uninfected people at risk during the expansion of SARS-CoV-2.
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XAVIER-ROCHA, Túlio Brandão, Lara CARNEIRO, Gustavo Celestino MARTINS, Guanis de Barros VILELA-JÚNIOR, Ricardo Pablo PASSOS, Camila Castelo Branco PUPE, Osvaldo José Moreira do NASCIMENTO, Desirée Sant’Ana HAIKAL, and Renato Sobral MONTEIRO-JUNIOR. "The Xbox/Kinect use in poststroke rehabilitation settings: a systematic review." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 78, no. 6 (June 2020): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200012.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Active games based on virtual reality have been widely used in the rehabilitation of many clinical conditions. However, studies on the use of Xbox/Kinect are rare, and technology application in stroke treatment is not clear yet. Objective: To verify the outcomes (O) analyzed in randomized controlled trials (C; S) that investigated the use of Xbox/Kinect (I) in patients with stroke (P). Methods: This is a systematic literature review that meets PRISMA standards and the eligibility criteria according to the PICOS strategy. The search procedure was performed by two researchers. The research strategy was repeated in case of divergence. Effect size was calculated by Cohen's formula and Hopkins rank. The risk of individual bias was assessed using PEDro Score and Higgins Classification. Results: The main outcomes were postural balance and activities of daily living, with four studies addressing these variables. However, only one study showed the effect of Xbox/Kinect intervention on balance as large, as in two other studies evaluating manual dexterity and depression, respectively. Conclusion: The greater use of Xbox/Kinect in treating patients after stroke is in recovery of balance and motor function, and the evidence support its application. These findings enable the use of virtual reality technology through Xbox/Kinect in rehabilitation programs, focusing on postural balance and motor skills. However, conclusive results are still not possible. Therefore, caution in the use of this technology is required.
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Liu, Hanwu, Yulong Lei, Yao Fu, and Xingzhong Li. "Multi-Objective Optimization Study of Regenerative Braking Control Strategy for Range-Extended Electric Vehicle." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051789.
Abstract:
Currently, the researches on the regenerative braking system (RBS) of the range-extended electric vehicle (R-EEV) are inadequate, especially on the comparison and analysis of the multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem. Actually, the results of the MOO problem should be mutually independent and balanced. With the aim of guaranteeing comprehensive regenerative braking performance (CRBP), a revised regenerative braking control strategy (RRBCS) is introduced, and a method of the MOO algorithm for RRBCS is proposed to balance the braking performance (BP), regenerative braking loss efficiency (RBLE), and battery capacity loss rate (BCLR). Firstly, the models of the main components related to the RBS of the R-EEV for the calculation of optimization objectives are built in MATLAB/Simulink and AVL/Cruise. The BP, RBLE, and BCLR are selected as the optimization objectives. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is applied in RRBCS to solve the MOO problem, and a group of the non-inferior Pareto solution sets are obtained. The simulation results show a clear conflict that three optimization objectives cannot be optimal at the same time. Then, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method by taking the individual with the optimal CRBP as the final optimal solution. The comparation among BP, RBLE, BCLR, and CRBP before and after optimization are analyzed and discussed. The results illustrate that characteristic parameters of RRBCS is crucial to optimization objectives. After parameters optimization, regenerative braking torque works early to increase braking energy recovery on low tire-road adhesion condition, and to reduce the battery capacity loss rate at the expense of small braking energy recovery on the medium tire-road adhesion condition. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis show that after parameter optimization, RRBCS is proved to perform better road adaptability regarding the distribution of solutions. These results thoroughly validate the proposed approach for multi-objective optimization of RRBCS and have a strong directive to optimize the control strategy parameters of RBS.
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Lemishko, Оlena, Nadiia Davydenko, and Anatoly Shevchenko. "Strategic directions of the economic recovery of post-war Ukraine." Journal of Innovations and Sustainability 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 09. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/is.2022.06.02.09.
Abstract:
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the challenges to the functioning of the economy of Ukraine caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation, to substantiate the priority measures and strategic directions of the economic recovery of post-war Ukraine.
Results. The article analyzes the losses of the economy of Ukraine. It is substantiated that the mobilization of financial resources for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine should take place according to the principles of system, continuity and balance. The main determinants of the medium-term and long-term strategy of rebuilding the Ukrainian economy have been formed. Based on the use of an integrated approach, the priorities and sources of funding for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine were determined. The role of the G7 countries and the EU, the leading international financial institutions, in ensuring the effective use of the potential of the Ukrainian economy for its post-war reconstruction and adaptation to the modern dynamic conditions of the European environment is defined. It was determined that the coordination of the Ukrainian and European development strategies will contribute to the emergence of second-order effects – synergistic effects.
Scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: it has been proven that in the field of financing the medium-term recovery strategy of Ukraine, it is necessary to rely on the funds of foreign donors in the form of grants, aid from charitable funds, free financing (the primary direction is financing of the innovative agricultural sector); to ensure the modernization of the country, which is subject to the long-term strategy of post-war recovery, the sources of financing are the attraction of foreign capital, direct foreign investments.
Practical value. The obtained research results can be used to develop the main directions of the Program for the post-war economic revival of Ukraine, taking into account the identified priorities and sources of funding.
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Fu, Yongjun, Xiaoyu Guo, Chaopeng Jiang, Hao Yu, and Yujia Liu. "Research on power balance control method of microgrid energy storage unit." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2495, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2495/1/012003.
Abstract:
Abstract In the isolated island operation of microgrids, affected by the different equivalent circuit impedance between distributed generators, the traditional droop control cannot evenly divide the reactive power borne by distributed generators according to the different line impedance. Therefore, firstly, the reasons affecting power sharing are analyzed, and then an improved droop control method based on traditional droop control is proposed; that is, the time change rate of voltage is used as the droop variable, and a voltage recovery mechanism is added to the reactive droop controller, in order to adjust the reciprocal of voltage to zero in the steady state, so as to stabilize the voltage. Aiming at the problem that the droop controller cannot always realize the equal distribution of reactive power, a voltage compensation link suitable for improved droop control is designed and added to eliminate the line impedance difference between distributed generators and improve the accuracy of reactive power distribution. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control strategy are verified by building a “wind light storage load” microgrid simulation model on the MATLAB / Simulink platform.
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Michel, Stefan, David Bowen, and Robert Johnston. "Why service recovery fails." Journal of Service Management 20, no. 3 (June 19, 2009): 253–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09564230910964381.
Abstract:
PurposeThe keys to effective service recovery are familiar to many throughout industry and academia. Nevertheless, overall customer satisfaction after a failure has not improved, and many managers claim their organizations cannot respond to and fix recurring problems quickly enough. Why does service recovery so often fail and what can managers do about it? This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe objective is to produce an interdisciplinary summary of the growing literature on service recovery, bringing together what each of the author's domain – management, marketing, and human resources management – has to offer. By contrasting those three perspectives using 141 academic sources, nine tensions between customer, process, and employee recovery are discovered.FindingsIt is argued that service recovery often fails due to the unresolved tensions found between the conflicting perspectives of customer recovery, process recovery, and employee recovery. Therefore, successful service recovery requires the integration of these different perspectives. This is summarized in the following definition: “Service recovery are the integrative actions a company takes to re‐establish customer satisfaction and loyalty after a service failure (customer recovery), to ensure that failure incidents encourage learning and process improvement (process recovery) and to train and reward employees for this purpose (employee recovery).”Practical implicationsManagers are not advised to directly address and solve the nine tensions between customer recovery, process recovery, and employee recovery. Instead, concentrating on the underlying cause of these tensions is recommended. That is, managers should strive to integrate service recovery efforts based upon a “service logic”; a balance of functional subcultures; strategy‐driven resolution of functional differences; data‐based decision making from the seamless collection and sharing of information; recovery metrics and rewards; and development of “T‐shaped” employees with a service, not just functional, mindset.Originality/valueThis paper provides an interdisciplinary view of the difficulties to implement a successful service recovery management. The contribution is twofold. First, specific tensions between customer, process and employee recovery are identified. Second, managers are offered recommendations of how to integrate the diverging perspectives.
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Vlutters, Mark, Edwin H. F. van Asseldonk, and Herman van der Kooij. "Ankle muscle responses during perturbed walking with blocked ankle joints." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 1711–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00752.2018.
Abstract:
The ankle joint muscles can contribute to balance during walking by modulating the center of pressure and ground reaction forces through an ankle moment. This is especially effective in the sagittal plane through ankle plantar- or dorsiflexion. If the ankle joints were to be physically blocked to make an ankle strategy ineffective, there would be no functional contribution of these muscles to balance during walking, nor would these muscles generate afferent output regarding ankle joint rotation. Consequently, ankle muscle activation for the purpose of balance control would be expected to disappear. We have performed an experiment in which subjects received anteroposterior pelvis perturbations during walking while their ankle joints could not contribute to the balance recovery. The latter was realized by physically blocking the ankle joints through a pair of modified ankle-foot orthoses. In this article we present the lower limb muscle activity responses in reaction to these perturbations. Of particular interest are the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis muscles, which could not contribute to the balance recovery through the ankle joint or encode muscle length changes caused by ankle joint rotation. Yet, these muscles showed long-latency responses, ~100 ms after perturbation onset. The response amplitudes were dependent on the perturbation magnitude and direction, as well as the state of the leg. The results imply that ankle muscle responses can be evoked without changes in proprioceptive information of those muscles through ankle rotation. This suggest a more centralized regulation of balance control, not strictly related to the ankle joint kinematics. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Walking human subjects received forward-backward perturbations at the pelvis while wearing “pin-shoes,” a pair of modified ankle-foot orthoses that physically blocked ankle joint movement and reduced the base of support of each foot to a single point. The lower leg muscles showed long-latency perturbation-dependent activity changes, despite having no functional contributions to balance control through the ankle joint and not having been subjected to muscle length changes through ankle joint rotation.
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Zorn, Savienne M. F. E., Cristiano E. R. Reis, Messias B. Silva, Bo Hu, and Heizir F. De Castro. "Consortium Growth of Filamentous Fungi and Microalgae: Evaluation of Different Cultivation Strategies to Optimize Cell Harvesting and Lipid Accumulation." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): 3648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143648.
Abstract:
This study aims to evaluate the potential of consortium biomass formation between Mucor circinelloides, an oleaginous filamentous fungal species, and Chlorella vulgaris, in order to promote a straightforward approach to harvest microalgal cells and to evaluate the lipid production in the consortium system. A synthetic medium with glucose (2 g·L−1) and mineral nutrients essential for both fungi and algae was selected. Four different inoculation strategies were assessed, considering the effect of simultaneous vs. separate development of fungal spores and algae cells, and the presence of a supporting matrix aiming at the higher recovery of algae cell rates. The results were evaluated in terms of consortium biomass composition, demonstrating that the strategy using a mature fungal mycelium with a higher algae count may provide biomass samples with up to 79% of their dry weight as algae, still promoting recovery rates greater than 97%. The findings demonstrate a synergistic effect on the lipid accumulation by the fungal strain, at around a fourfold increase when compared to the axenic control, with values in the range of 23% of dry biomass weight. Furthermore, the fatty acid profile from the samples presents a balance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that is likely to present an adequate balance for applications such as biodiesel production.
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Lakman, I., R. Akhmetvaleev, D. Enikeev, R. Khaziakhmetov, and O. Chernenko. "Similarity Learning Algorithm Selection for Chronic Renal Failure Patients Treatment Strategy Optimization." INFORMACIONNYE TEHNOLOGII 26, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/it.26.701-705.
Abstract:
One of the main methods on which the personalized approach in medicine is based is finding a pair of patients who are similar in the properties of the disease. The objective of the study is to select the most effective similarity learning instrument amongst three options anaemia treatment and phosphorus-calcium balance recovery in dialysis patients, ranked according to the highest similarity to the particular patient. As soon as methods for comparing instruments will achieve the goal, the algorithm of weight tagging is used, modified by the authors by adding more weights values to important features — the cosine measure, the soft cosine measure, considering the similarity of drug alternative and their bioavailability. As a metric that evaluates the quality of algorithms, a combined metric is used that takes into account the quality of treatment classification as effective and the rank order of the greatest correspondence of therapy to a specific patient. As a result, using the opinions of nephrologists as experts, it was shown that the best measure of similarity is the soft cosine measure.
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Ben-Naceur, Kamel. "Sustainable Recovery: Regained Optimism." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 03 (March 1, 2022): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0322-0006-jpt.
Abstract:
Upstream investment is the main driver for employment in our industry, and forecasts of company spending are eagerly expected by the service sector. I commented in my January column on the initial activity estimates made by West (Evercore). The forecasts have now been firmed up and the increases range between 15 and 17% in 2022 compared to 2021, with growth in all geographical regions. Evercore even projects that 2022 will be the beginning of a multiyear positive cycle for the industry, following 2021 which was a “renaissance of sorts” for the E&P sector. The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) Short Term Energy Outlook for February 2022 forecasts that US oil production will rise to 12.0 and 12.6 million B/D in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The latter would be the highest level ever reached, exceeding the previous record in 2019 by 0.3 million B/D. In their fourth-quarter announcements, the leaders of major service companies made the most optimistic comments for the past several years. Halliburton’s CEO Jeff Miller stated that “simultaneous” growth will occur in both the North American and international markets with a “momentum that I have not seen in a long time.” For Schlumberger’s CEO Olivier Le Peuch, “a strong multiyear upcycle” is underway as capital spending commitments are set to increase by 20% in North America and in the “low to mid-teens” across the broader international market. Such notes from the service sector are welcome news for SPE, as its financial sustainability depends on the engagement of the industry through trade shows, exhibitions, and meetings. Fiscal year 2022 (which ends on 31 March 2022) was the most challenging one in SPE’s history, as we chose not to diminish the level of service to our members and continued to provide virtual and hybrid information channels. SPE’s account balance was positively impacted by the outstanding performance of its reserve funds in financial markets and the support from the US government through instruments such as the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). These allowed a considerable reduction in loss to an estimated $3 million. For fiscal year 2023 (ending 31 March 2023), the SPE Finance Committee has retained a cautious outlook, with significant uncertainties resulting from the pandemic situation. Early signals coming from the success of the recent hydraulic fracturing technology conferences and exhibitions in Oman and the US are positive. The financial strategy will be adapted in the coming months based on the results of key events such as IPTC, OTC Asia, and the Offshore Technology Conference in Houston.
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Barrett, R. S., and G. A. Lichtwark. "Effect of altering neural, muscular and tendinous factors associated with aging on balance recovery using the ankle strategy: A simulation study." Journal of Theoretical Biology 254, no. 3 (October 2008): 546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.06.018.
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Goncharenko, Tatiana, and Liliana Lopa. "Balance Between Risk And Profit In The Context Of Strategic Management: The Example Of Ukrainian Banks." SocioEconomic Challenges 4, no. 1 (2020): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.4(1).111-121.2020.
Abstract:
The article explores the issues of strategic management of banks, the formation of long-term strategic goals, in particular – the construction of an effective financial strategy of the bank aimed at finding a balance between the need for risk minimization and profit maximization. Balanced risk and return management should protect economic entities from potential income shortfalls or a reduction in the market value of capital due to adverse effects of external or internal factors, from losses that can be both direct (loss of income or capital) and indirect (investment). the ability to achieve your business goals). The article presents the author’s own approach to the calculation of the taxonomic method of the bank’s integrated risk and profitability indicators, as well as the results of matrix analysis, which made it possible to trace the bank’s risk/profit ratio. All Ukrainian banks are selected as the subject of study, and the first three quarters of 2018 are the time horizon. Economic norms and limits of open currency position on regulation of banking activity by the National Bank of Ukraine were selected to assess the level of riskiness of the bank, and the main indicators of bank profitability (total level, cost recovery, return on assets, total capital, net interest margin) were selected for profitability level. The study empirically confirms that risk management in Ukrainian banks is at a critical level and profit management is at medium and low levels. Basically, banks are characterized by a focus on profit maximization, eliminating high-risk activity. The risk-reward strategy is chosen by a small number of Ukrainian banks and profit maximization is rare enough for Ukrainian banks. Keywords: strategy, bank, strategic management, risk management, profit management, taxonomic analysis, matrix analysis.
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Smith, Ross E., Andrew D. Shelton, Gregory S. Sawicki, and Jason R. Franz. "The effects of plantarflexor weakness and reduced tendon stiffness with aging on gait stability." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 16, 2024): e0302021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302021.
Abstract:
Falls among older adults are a costly public health concern. Such falls can be precipitated by balance disturbances, after which a recovery strategy requiring rapid, high force outputs is necessary. Sarcopenia among older adults likely diminishes their ability to produce the forces necessary to arrest gait instability. Age-related changes to tendon stiffness may also delay muscle stretch and afferent feedback and decrease force transmission, worsening fall outcomes. However, the association between muscle strength, tendon stiffness, and gait instability is not well established. Given the ankle’s proximity to the onset of many walking balance disturbances, we examined the relation between both plantarflexor strength and Achilles tendon stiffness with walking-related instability during perturbed gait in older and younger adults–the latter quantified herein using margins of stability and whole-body angular momentum including the application of treadmill-induced slip perturbations. Older and younger adults did not differ in plantarflexor strength, but Achilles tendon stiffness was lower in older adults. Among older adults, plantarflexor weakness associated with greater whole-body angular momentum following treadmill-induced slip perturbations. Weaker older adults also appeared to walk and recover from treadmill-induced slip perturbations with more caution. This study highlights the role of plantarflexor strength and Achilles tendon stiffness in regulating lateral gait stability in older adults, which may be targets for training protocols seeking to minimize fall risk and injury severity.