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Academic literature on the topic 'Bacteroids'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bacteroids"

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Karunakaran, R., V. K. Ramachandran, J. C. Seaman, A. K. East, B. Mouhsine, T. H. Mauchline, J. Prell, A. Skeffington, and P. S. Poole. "Transcriptomic Analysis of Rhizobium leguminosarum Biovar viciae in Symbiosis with Host Plants Pisum sativum and Vicia cracca." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 12 (April 17, 2009): 4002–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00165-09.

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ABSTRACT Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on several legumes, including pea (Pisum sativum) and vetch (Vicia cracca), and has been widely used as a model to study nodule biochemistry. To understand the complex biochemical and developmental changes undergone by R. leguminosarum bv. viciae during bacteroid development, microarray experiments were first performed with cultured bacteria grown on a variety of carbon substrates (glucose, pyruvate, succinate, inositol, acetate, and acetoacetate) and then compared to bacteroids. Bacteroid metabolism is essentially that of dicarboxylate-grown cells (i.e., induction of dicarboxylate transport, gluconeogenesis and alanine synthesis, and repression of sugar utilization). The decarboxylating arm of the tricarboxylic acid cycle is highly induced, as is γ-aminobutyrate metabolism, particularly in bacteroids from early (7-day) nodules. To investigate bacteroid development, gene expression in bacteroids was analyzed at 7, 15, and 21 days postinoculation of peas. This revealed that bacterial rRNA isolated from pea, but not vetch, is extensively processed in mature bacteroids. In early development (7 days), there were large changes in the expression of regulators, exported and cell surface molecules, multidrug exporters, and heat and cold shock proteins. fix genes were induced early but continued to increase in mature bacteroids, while nif genes were induced strongly in older bacteroids. Mutation of 37 genes that were strongly upregulated in mature bacteroids revealed that none were essential for nitrogen fixation. However, screening of 3,072 mini-Tn5 mutants on peas revealed previously uncharacterized genes essential for nitrogen fixation. These encoded a potential magnesium transporter, an AAA domain protein, and proteins involved in cytochrome synthesis.
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Cooper, Bret, Kimberly B. Campbell, Hunter S. Beard, Wesley M. Garrett, Joseph Mowery, Gary R. Bauchan, and Patrick Elia. "A Proteomic Network for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Efficiency in Bradyrhizobium elkanii." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 3 (March 2018): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-17-0243-r.

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Rhizobia colonize legumes and reduce N2 to NH3 in root nodules. The current model is that symbiotic rhizobia bacteroids avoid assimilating this NH3. Instead, host legume cells form glutamine from NH3, and the nitrogen is returned to the bacteroid as dicarboxylates, peptides, and amino acids. In soybean cells surrounding bacteroids, glutamine also is converted to ureides. One problem for soybean cultivation is inefficiency in symbiotic N2 fixation, the biochemical basis of which is unknown. Here, the proteomes of bacteroids of Bradyrhizobium elkanii USDA76 isolated from N2 fixation-efficient Peking and -inefficient Williams 82 soybean nodules were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Nearly half of the encoded bacterial proteins were quantified. Efficient bacteroids produced greater amounts of enzymes to form Nod factors and had increased amounts of signaling proteins, transporters, and enzymes needed to generate ATP to power nitrogenase and to acquire resources. Parallel investigation of nodule proteins revealed that Peking had no significantly greater accumulation of enzymes needed to assimilate NH3 than Williams 82. Instead, efficient bacteroids had increased amounts of enzymes to produce amino acids, including glutamine, and to form ureide precursors. These results support a model for efficient symbiotic N2 fixation in soybean where the bacteroid assimilates NH3 for itself.
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Strodtman, Kent N., Severin E. Stevenson, James K. Waters, Thomas P. Mawhinney, Jay J. Thelen, Joseph C. Polacco, and David W. Emerich. "The Bacteroid Periplasm in Soybean Nodules Is an Interkingdom Symbiotic Space." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 30, no. 12 (December 2017): 997–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-12-16-0264-r.

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The functional role of the periplasm of nitrogen-fixing bacteroids has not been determined. Proteins were isolated from the periplasm and cytoplasm of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens bacteroids and were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proteomics. Identification of bacteroid periplasmic proteins was aided by periplasm prediction programs. Approximately 40% of all the proteins identified as periplasmic in the B. diazoefficiens genome were found expressed in the bacteroid form of the bacteria, indicating the periplasm is a metabolically active symbiotic space. The bacteroid periplasm possesses many fatty acid metabolic enzymes, which was in contrast to the bacteroid cytoplasm. Amino acid analysis of the periplasm revealed an abundance of phosphoserine, phosphoethanolamine, and glycine, which are metabolites of phospholipid metabolism. These results suggest the periplasm is a unique space and not a continuum with the peribacteroid space. A number of plant proteins were found in the periplasm fraction, which suggested contamination. However, antibodies to two of the identified plant proteins, histone H2A and lipoxygenase, yielded immunogold labeling that demonstrated the plant proteins were specifically targeted to the bacteroids. This suggests that the periplasm is an interkingdom symbiotic space containing proteins from both the bacteroid and the plant.
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Borucki, Wojciech. "Some new aspects of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) root nodule ultrastructure." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 65, no. 3-4 (2014): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1996.035.

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Unequal cell divisions were observed in the meristem of pea root nodule. Since after such divisions only the bigger cells become infected then those divisions play a significant role in the formation of the three-dimensional structure of the bacteroidal tissue. In the infected cells of the young ineffective bacteroidal tissue the first host reaction to the incompatibility of the symbiotic system is the RER membranes aggregation. In effective symbiosis RER membranes form permanent sites of contact with the peribacteroidal membranes thus connecting all the symbiosoms in the cell. Possibly that ensures the synchronisation of the differentiation processes of the bacteroids and/or their simultaneous degeneration. The presence of membraneous structures in the form of rings is a characteristic feature of effective bacteroids. It is postulated that the structures are directly connected with nitrogen assimilation. Structures X and Y which are present in the bacteroids of the effective and ineffective symbiosis may be connected with the adaptation of bacterial cells to lowered oxygen pressure in bacteroidal tissue and their transformation (structures X) into bacteroids. The presence of the cytoplasm (or cytoplasmatic remnants) of the infected cells was observed in the intercellular spaces. It is sugested that it is a way, so far unknown, of the gas diffusion regulation in bacteroidal tissue.
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Brito, Belén, Annita Toffanin, Rosa-Isabel Prieto, Juan Imperial, Tomás Ruiz-Argüeso, and Jose M. Palacios. "Host-Dependent Expression of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Hydrogenase Is Controlled at Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Levels in Legume Nodules." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 21, no. 5 (May 2008): 597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-21-5-0597.

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The legume host affects the expression of Rhizobium leguminosarum hydrogenase activity in root nodules. High levels of symbiotic hydrogenase activity were detected in R. leguminosarum bacteroids from different hosts, with the exception of lentil (Lens culinaris). Transcription analysis showed that the NifA-regulated R. leguminosarum hydrogenase structural gene promoter (P1) is poorly induced in lentil root nodules. Replacement of the P1 promoter by the FnrN-dependent promoter of the fixN gene restored transcription of hup genes in lentil bacteroids, but not hydrogenase activity. In the PfixN-hupSL strain, additional copies of the hup gene cluster and nickel supplementation to lentil plants increased bacteroid hydrogenase activity. However, the level of activity in lentil still was significantly lower than in pea bacteroids, indicating that an additional factor is impairing hydrogenase expression inside lentil nodules. Immunological analysis revealed that lentil bacteroids contain reduced levels of both hydrogenase structural subunit HupL and nickel-binding protein HypB. Altogether, results indicate that hydrogenase expression is affected by the legume host at the level of both transcription of hydrogenase structural genes and biosynthesis or stability of nickel-related proteins HypB and HupL, and suggest the existence of a plant-dependent mechanism that affects hydrogenase activity during the symbiosis by limiting nickel availability to the bacteroid.
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Becana, Manuel, and Marvin L. Salin. "Superoxide dismutases in nodules of leguminous plants." Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-057.

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Isoenzymic composition of superoxide dismutases (SODs; EC 1.15.1.1) of legume nodules has been examined by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The study reveals that Cu plus Zn–SODs and Mn–SODs are widespread in the plant and bacteroidal fractions of nodules, respectively. The number of CuZn–isoenzymes, however, depends on the legume species: three or four in Lupinus, three in Phaseolus, two in Vigna, and one in Glycine, Trifolium, Pisum, and Medicago. The nodule plant fraction also exhibits Mn–SOD activity, which is, at least in Medicago, of plant origin. Two Mn–isoenzymes are present in most bacteroids as well as in all slow-growing rhizobia, but just one was observed in fast-growing rhizobia. Fe–SOD has not been found in free-living or symbiotic rhizobia. A faint CuZn–SOD activity was detected in the bacteroid fraction of Phaseolus, Trifolium, Lupinus, and Vigna. The high content and complex pattern of SOD isoenzymes in the host cells and bacteroids (despite their relatively anaerobic environment) indicate a substantial production of [Formula: see text] in nodules in vivo, and the necessity for nitrogenase and leghemoglobin protection.
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Gully, Djamel, Daniel Gargani, Katia Bonaldi, Cédric Grangeteau, Clémence Chaintreuil, Joël Fardoux, Phuong Nguyen, et al. "A Peptidoglycan-Remodeling Enzyme Is Critical for Bacteroid Differentiation in Bradyrhizobium spp. During Legume Symbiosis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 6 (June 2016): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-03-16-0052-r.

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In response to the presence of compatible rhizobium bacteria, legumes form symbiotic organs called nodules on their roots. These nodules house nitrogen-fixing bacteroids that are a differentiated form of the rhizobium bacteria. In some legumes, the bacteroid differentiation comprises a dramatic cell enlargement, polyploidization, and other morphological changes. Here, we demonstrate that a peptidoglycan-modifying enzyme in Bradyrhizobium strains, a DD-carboxypeptidase that contains a peptidoglycan-binding SPOR domain, is essential for normal bacteroid differentiation in Aeschynomene species. The corresponding mutants formed bacteroids that are malformed and hypertrophied. However, in soybean, a plant that does not induce morphological differentiation of its symbiont, the mutation does not affect the bacteroids. Remarkably, the mutation also leads to necrosis in a large fraction of the Aeschynomene nodules, indicating that a normally formed peptidoglycan layer is essential for avoiding the induction of plant immune responses by the invading bacteria. In addition to exopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, and lipopolysaccharides, whose role during symbiosis is well defined, our work demonstrates an essential role in symbiosis for yet another rhizobial envelope component, the peptidoglycan layer.
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Moris, Martine, Kristien Braeken, Eric Schoeters, Christel Verreth, Serge Beullens, Jos Vanderleyden, and Jan Michiels. "Effective Symbiosis between Rhizobium etli and Phaseolus vulgaris Requires the Alarmone ppGpp." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 15 (August 1, 2005): 5460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.15.5460-5469.2005.

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ABSTRACT The symbiotic interaction between Rhizobium etli and Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean plant, ultimately results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. Many aspects of the intermediate and late stages of this interaction are still poorly understood. The R. etli relA gene was identified through a genome-wide screening for R. etli symbiotic mutants. RelA has a pivotal role in cellular physiology, as it catalyzes the synthesis of (p)ppGpp, which mediates the stringent response in bacteria. The synthesis of ppGpp was abolished in an R. etli relA mutant strain under conditions of amino acid starvation. Plants nodulated by an R. etli relA mutant had a strongly reduced nitrogen fixation activity (75% reduction). Also, at the microscopic level, bacteroid morphology was altered, with the size of relA mutant bacteroids being increased compared to that of wild-type bacteroids. The expression of the σN-dependent nitrogen fixation genes rpoN2 and iscN was considerably reduced in the relA mutant. In addition, the expression of the relA gene was negatively regulated by RpoN2, the symbiosis-specific σN copy of R. etli. Therefore, an autoregulatory loop controlling the expression of relA and rpoN2 seems operative in bacteroids. The production of long- and short-chain acyl-homoserine-lactones by the cinIR and raiIR systems was decreased in an R. etli relA mutant. Our results suggest that relA may play an important role in the regulation of gene expression in R. etli bacteroids and in the adaptation of bacteroid physiology.
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Reuhs, Bradley L., Samuel B. Stephens, Daniel P. Geller, John S. Kim, Joshua Glenn, Jessica Przytycki, and Tuula Ojanen-Reuhs. "Epitope Identification for a Panel of Anti-Sinorhizobium meliloti Monoclonal Antibodies and Application to the Analysis of K Antigens and Lipopolysaccharides from Bacteroids." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 5186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.11.5186-5191.1999.

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ABSTRACT In two published reports using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) generated against whole cells, Olsen et al. showed that strain-specific antigens on the surface of cultured cells of Sinorhizobium meliloti were diminished or absent in the endophytic cells (bacteroids) recovered from alfalfa nodules, whereas two common antigens were not affected by bacterial differentiation (P. Olsen, M. Collins, and W. Rice, Can. J. Microbiol. 38:506–509, 1992; P. Olsen, S. Wright, M. Collins, and W. Rice, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:654–661, 1994). The nature of the antigens (i.e., the MAb epitopes), however, were not determined in those studies. For this report, the epitopes for five of the anti-S. meliloti MAbs were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-immunoblot analyses of the polysaccharides extracted from S. melilotiand Sinorhizobium fredii. This showed that the strain-specific MAbs recognized K antigens, whereas the strain-cross-reactive MAbs recognized the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core. The MAbs were then used in the analysis of the LPS and K antigens extracted from S. meliloti bacteroids, which had been recovered from the root nodules of alfalfa, and the results supported the findings of Olsen et al. The size range of the K antigens from bacteroids of S. meliloti NRG247 on polyacrylamide gels was altered, and the epitope was greatly diminished in abundance compared to those from the cultured cells, and no K antigens were detected in the S. meliloti NRG185 bacteroid extract. In contrast to the K antigens, the LPS core appeared to be similar in both cultured cells and bacteroids, although a higher proportion of the LPS fractionated into the organic phase during the phenol-water extraction of the bacteroid polysaccharides. Importantly, immunoblot analysis with an anti-LPS MAb showed that smooth LPS production was modified in the bacteroids.
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Lodwig, E. M., M. Leonard, S. Marroqui, T. R. Wheeler, K. Findlay, J. A. Downie, and P. S. Poole. "Role of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Glycogen as Carbon Storage Compounds in Pea and Bean Bacteroids." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 18, no. 1 (January 2005): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-18-0067.

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Rhizobium leguminosarum synthesizes polyhydroxybutyrate and glycogen as its main carbon storage compounds. To examine the role of these compounds in bacteroid development and in symbiotic efficiency, single and double mutants of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae were made which lack poly-hydroxybutyrate synthase (phaC), glycogen synthase (glgA), or both. For comparison, a single phaC mutant also was isolated in a bean-nodulating strain of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. In one large glasshouse trial, the growth of pea plants inoculated with the R. leguminosarum bv. viciae phaC mutant were significantly reduced compared with wild-type-inoculated plants. However, in subsequent glasshouse and growth-room studies, the growth of pea plants inoculated with the mutant were similar to wild-type-inoculated plants. Bean plants were unaffected by the loss of polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis in bacteroids. Pea plants nodulated by a glycogen synthase mutant, or the glgA/phaC double mutant, grew as well as the wild type in growth-room experiments. Light and electron micrographs revealed that pea nodules infected with the glgA mutant accumulated large amounts of starch in the II/III interzone. This suggests that glycogen may be the dominant carbon storage compound in pea bacteroids. Polyhydroxybutyrate was present in bacteria in the infection thread of pea plants but was broken down during bacteroid formation. In nodules infected with a phaC mutant of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, there was a drop in the amount of starch in the II/III interzone, where bacteroids form. Therefore, we propose a carbon burst hypothesis for bacteroid formation, where polyhydroxybutyrate accumulated by bacteria is degraded to fuel bacteroid differentiation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacteroids"

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Giannakis, Christos. "Nitrate utilization by cultured cells and bacteroids of Bradyrhizobium japonicum /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ag433.pdf.

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Lodwig, Emma Mary. "Regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Rhizobium leguminosarum." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368874.

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Meakin, Georgina Emma. "The contribution of Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids to nitrosylleghaemoglobin formation in soybean nodules." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437637.

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Li, Youzhong, and Youzhong Li@health gov au. "Respiration and nitrogen fixation by bacteroids from soybean root nodules : substrate transport and metabolism in relation to intracellular conditions." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20040630.114138.

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Bacteroids of B. japonicum from nodules of soybean roots were isolated using differential centrifugation (the standard bench method) and density gradient centrifugation methods (either sucrose- or Percoll-) under anaerobic conditions in which N2 fixation was preserved. The relationships between N2 fixation and respiration, O2 supply, O2 demand, substrate (mainly malate) transport and metabolism in bacteroids were investigated using the flow chamber system. In related experiments, the primary products of N2 fixation which leave the bacteroids were investigated using a 15N-labelling technique in a closed shaken system and other biochemical methods.¶ In the flow chamber experiments, the rates at which O2 was supplied to bacteroids in the chamber were varied by (a) changing the flow rate of reaction medium through the chamber; (b) by changing the [O2 free] in the inflowing reaction medium by using either 3-5% (v/v) or 100% air in the gas mixture above the stirred reaction medium in two reservoir flasks; (c) by successively withdrawing bacteroids from the chamber, thus increasing the supply of O2 per bacteroid to those remaining in the chamber. The results showed that the rate of O2 supply regulates respiratory demand for O2 by bacteroids rather than the O2 concentration present in the reaction system. Respiration is always coupled to N2 fixation. ¶ Uptake of malate by bacteroids withdrawn from the flow chamber was measured under microaerobic conditions. Malate uptake by these N2-fixing bacteroids was lower than that by bacteroids isolated under aerobic conditions, which eliminate N2 fixation of bacteroids, but is closely correlated with bacteroid respiration rates. When respiration was increased by an increase in O2 supply, malate uptake by bacteroids was also increased. This suggested that transport of malate through the bacteroid membrane is also regulated by O2 supply, but indirectly. Higher uptake by bacteroids under aerobic conditions was observed because respiration was enhanced by the high availability of O2, but the fast uptake of malate by bacteroids driven by the abnormal respiration rates may not reflect the reality of malate demand in vivo by bacteroids when N2 fixation by bacteroids is fully coupled. ¶ The results of 15N labelling experiments and other biochemical assays once again demonstrated that ammonia is the principal significant 15N labelled product of N2 fixation accumulated during 30 min in shaken assays with 0.008-0.01 atm O2. Alanine although sometimes found in low concentrations in the flow chamber reactions, was not labelled with 15N in shaken closed system experiments. No evidence could be obtained from the other biochemical assays, either. Therefore, it is concluded that these and earlier results were not due to contamination with host cytosolic enzymes as suggested by Waters et al. (Proc. Natl. Aca. Sci. 95, 1998, pp 12038-12042). ¶ Malate transported into bacteroids is oxidized in a modified TCA cycle present in bacteroids. The results of flow chamber experiments with a sucA mutant (lacking a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) showed that respiratory demand for O2 by the mutant bacteroids is regulated by O2 supply in the same way as the wild-type. Despite differences in other symbiotic properties, rates of nitrogen fixation by the mutant bacteroids, based on the bacteroid dry weight, appeared to be the same as in the wild-type. Also N2 fixation was closely coupled with respiration in the same manner in both mutant bacteroids and wild type bacteroids. These results and other supporting data, strongly support the conclusion that there is an alternative pathway of the TCA cycle in bacteroids, which enables the missing step in the mutant to be by-passed with sufficient activity to support metabolism of transported malate.
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Mitsch, Michael James. "Characterization of the NADP+-dependent malic enzyme of Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti and investigations into the requirements of malate uptake and malic enzyme activity in bacteroids /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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Le, Roux Marcellous R. "Respiratory and photosynthetic C and N metabolism of nodulated Lupin roots during phosphorus deficiency." University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8427.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Growth of symbiotic legume hosts is P limited, because of the high energetic requirements associated with N2 fixation. Attempts to overcome P deficiency in soils where legumes are grown involve addition of P-based fertilisers. However, these are produced from fmite, non-renewable resources that could be exhausted in the next 50-80 years. For this and other prudent reasons, viable alternatives are sought that include producing genetically enhanced plants with better P use efficiency (PUE). There exist some inter- and intraspecific genetic variation for associated traits of PUE in various legumes and these will have to be exploited to realize the development of P efficient cultivars. With the advent of sophisticated molecular tools, good progress has been made to understand the molecular response of some common physiological and morphological functions observed under LP. The research aims here were to investigate the energy costs and the alternative metabolic routes associated with C and N metabolism under LP in legumes, which is very scant in literature. We also investigated the recovery responses of nodulated roots upon P alleviation. Consequently, improvement strategies to produce legume varieties for better adaptation in poor P soils are envisaged. We have demonstrated varying degrees of sensitivity between the amide and ureide legume systems being investigated under short-term LP. The species-specific responses were ascribed to differences related to the agro-climatic origins, nodule morphologies and the type of N containing export product of the different legume types. These different responses also underscore possible different regulatory mechanisms under LP. Lupins were probed further, because of its apparent tolerance to P deficiency. Lupin nodules had between 3 to 5-fold higher Pj concentrations compared with soybeans under LP and HP, respectively. The maintenance of Pj levels, as oppose to a decline in the total P pool, is discussed in relation to its role in maintaining N2 fixation in lupins. Under LP, an effective Pj recycling mechanism in nodules is proposed to occur via the induction of the PEPc- MDH-ME route. This route also enhanced the capacity of root nodules to procure high malate concentrations that are used to fuel bacteroid respiration and N2 fixation. Two distinctly different cMDH proteins, one corresponding to HP and another corresponding to LP, were identified. The high malate concentrations reported here are speculated to have arisen through LP-induced cMDH. Metabolically available Pj decline developed gradually as P deficiency progressed. This coincided with a 15% decline in the %Ndfa. Moreover, under prolonged P deficiency the disproportionate synthesis of organic acids, most notably malate, that occurred at the expense of amino acids was proposed to account for this decline. The recovery in response to alleviation from LP involved alterations in the allocation of respiratory costs to growth and nutrient acquisition. Under LP, smaller nodules were formed and nodule metabolism revolved around accentuating PUE. Thus, there is considerable potential for improvement of P efficiency in legumes through manipulation of root: shoot partitioning.
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Nicoud, Quentin. "Study of terminal bacteroid differentiation features during the legume-rhizobium symbiosis Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 nodulation of Aeschynomene afraspera is associated with atypical terminal bacteroid differentiation and suboptimal symbiotic efficiency Sinorhizobium meliloti functions required for resistance to the antimicrobial NCR peptides and bacteroid differentiation." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASB007.

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La symbiose rhizobium-légumineuse est une intéraction étroite entre plante et bactérie. Au cours de cette symbiose, la bactérie est hébergée par la plante au sein d’organes symbiotiques où elle fixe l’azote atmosphérique pour la plante. Les espèces de légumineuses du groupe des IRLC et des Dalbergioïdes peuvent contrôler les rhizobia symbiotiques et induire un processus de différenciation particulier grâce à la production massive de peptides riches en cystéines (NCR) spécifiques aux nodosités. In vitro, les peptides NCR cationiques ont des activités de perméabilisation de la membrane sur de nombreuses bactéries. La manière dont les rhizobiums s'adaptent pour résister à ce stress intense reste encore aujourd’hui mal compris. Deux axes de recherche principaux ont été menés au cours de cette thèse, tous deux liés à la compréhension de la réponse des bactéries à la différenciation terminale imposée par les peptides NCR. D'un côté, nous avons analysé certaines fonctions bactériennes pour leur rôle dans la résistance à la NCR au cours de l'interaction modèle entre Medicago truncatula et Sinorhizobium meliloti. Dans ce travail, nous avons principalement évalué les fonctions membranaires telles que la synthèse du LPS, le système de réponse aux stress de l’enveloppe et des fonctions d'importation. Nous avons trouvé de nouvelles fonctions qui pourraient être impliquées dans la résistance à la NCR et la différenciation terminale des bactéroïdes.De l'autre côté, nous avons mené une approche multi-omique couplée à des techniques de biologie cellulaire pour caractériser l'interaction mal adaptée entre Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 et Aeschynomene afraspera. Nous avons découvert de nouvelles particularités dans cette interaction avec notamment une différenciation inhabituelle
The legume-rhizobia symbiosis is a close interaction between a plant and bacteria. During this symbiosis, bacteria are hosted by the plants in symbiotic organs called nodules and in which the symbionts fix atmospheric nitrogen for the plants. Legume species from IRLC and Dalbergioid can control symbiotic rhizobia and mediate a particular differentiation process through the massive production of nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides. In vitro, cationic NCR peptides have membrane-permeabilizing activities on many bacteria. How rhizobia adapt to resist this intense stress remains poorly understood. Two main research axes were driven during this thesis, both linked to the understanding of how bacteria react to terminal differentiation imposed by NCR peptides. On one side, we tried to functionally analyze bacterial functions for their role in NCR resistance during the model interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti. In this work, we mainly assessed membrane functions such as LPS synthesis, Envelope Stress Response, and import functions. We found novel functions that could be involved in NCR resistance and terminal bacteroid differentiation.On the other side, we conducted a multi-omics approach coupled with cell-biology techniques to characterize the ill-adapted interaction between Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 and Aeschynomene afraspera. We discovered new features in this interaction with an unusual differentiation
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Bourcy, Marie. "DNF2 et SYMCRK : deux gènes impliqués dans le contrôle symbiotique des réactions de défense chez Medicago truncatula." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112041.

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Medicago truncatula forme une association symbiotique avec Sinorhizobium meliloti qui conduit à la formation de nodosités fixatrices d’azote. Les cellules symbiotiques végétales accueillent des centaines de bactéries qui restent viables dans la nodosité et se différencient en bactéroïdes fixateurs d’azote. Dans le but de mieux comprendre les mécanismes moléculaires nécessaires à la mise en place de cette interaction, nous avons recherché de nouveaux gènes de plante requis pour une symbiose effective en utilisant des approches de génétique directe et inverse. Des méthodes de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire ont été utilisées pour caractériser le phénotype des mutants et mieux comprendre la fonction biologique de ces gènes.Le gène symbiotique DNF2 code une phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C putative. Les nodosités formées par le mutant dnf2 contiennent une zone de fixation qui est réduite et dans laquelle les rhizobia ne se différencient pas complètement en bactéroïdes. De plus ces nodosités sénescent rapidement et présentent des réactions similaires à des réponses de défense. Sous certaines conditions d’expérimentation, le phénotype sauvage peut être restauré chez ce mutant ce qui montre le caractère conditionnel du phénotype.Le gène symbiotique SYMCRK code un récepteur kinase riche en cystéine. Le phénotype du mutant symCRK est similaire à celui de dnf2, ce qui suggère que ces deux gènes sont impliqués dans des processus aboutissant à des réponses similaires, probablement la persistance des bactéries dans les cellules végétales ou l’inhibition des réactions de défense de la plante. Les phénotypes Fix- atypiques des mutants dnf2 et symCRK suggèrent que les gènes correspondants sont impliqués dans les processus de répression des défenses de la plante et de persistance des bactéroïdes
Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti form a symbiotic association resulting in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. In the nodules, symbiotic plant cells home and maintain hundreds of viable bacteria which are differentiated into bacteroids, the nitrogen-fixing form of rhizobia. In order to better understand the molecular mechanism sustaining this phenomenon, we used a combination of forward and reverse genetics approaches to identify genes required for nitrogen fixation. In addition we have used cell and molecular biology to characterize the phenotype of the corresponding mutants and to gain an insight into the genes functions.The symbiotic gene DNF2 encodes a putative phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C-like protein. Nodules formed by the mutant contain a zone of infected cells reduced to a few cell layers. In this zone, bacteria do not differentiate properly into bacteroids. Mutant nodules senesce rapidly and they exhibit defense-like reactions. The dnf2 symbiotic phenotype has been shown to be dependent on the experimental conditions.The symbiotic gene SYMCRK encodes a cystein-rich receptor kinase. The symCRK phenotype is similar to dnf2 suggesting that the two genes SYMCRK and DNF2 are participating in similar processes. This atypical phenotype amongst Fix- mutants unravels DNF2 and SYMCRK as new actors of bacteroid persistence inside symbiotic plant cells and repression of plant defense
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Lamouche, Florian. "Analyse comparative des mécanismes de différenciation des bactéroïdes au cours des symbioses Bradyrhizobium Aeschynomene." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS036/document.

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En cas de carence azotée, les légumineuses sont capables de mettre en place une symbiose avec des bactéries du sol fixatrices d’azote appelées rhizobia. Cette symbiose a lieu dans un organe appelé nodosité où les bactéries sont endocytées et appelées bactéroïdes. Certains clades de légumineuses imposent un processus de différenciation à leurs bactéroïdes qui agrandissent considérablement et deviennent polyploïdes, menant à des morphotypes bactériens allongés ou sphériques. Au cours de cette thèse, j’ai étudié la différenciation des bactéroïdes de Bradyrhizobium spp. en association avec Aeschynomene spp.. Les bactéroïdes de ces plantes présentent des degrés de différenciation distincts qui dépendent de l’espèce hôte. Mes données suggèrent que les bactéroïdes les plus différenciés sont aussi les plus efficaces. J’ai cherché à savoir quels facteurs procaryotes pourraient être impliqués dans les adaptations des bactéroïdes au processus de différenciation et à leurs divers hôtes, le tout en lien avec cette différence d’efficacité symbiotique au travers d’approches globales sans a priori de type -omiques. Les conditions considérées sont des bactéroïdes de différents morphotypes et des cultures libres de référence. Les fonctions activées en conditions symbiotiques ont été identifiées, ainsi que les gènes spécifiques d’un hôte donné. Des analyses fonctionnelles des gènes d’intérêt ont également été menées. Les mutants bactériens n’ont toutefois pas présenté de phénotype symbiotique drastique, montrant ainsi l’existence de réseaux de gènes complexes menant à la résilience des génomes de rhizobia
In case of nitrogen starvation, legume plants establish a symbiotic interaction with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria called rhizobia. This interaction takes place in nodules where the symbionts are internalized and become bacteroids. Some legume clades also impose a differentiation process onto the bacteroids which become enlarged and polyploid, leading to elongated or spherical morphotypes. During my PhD work, I have studied bacteroid differentiation of Bradyrhizobium species in association with Aeschynomene spp.. These bacteroids display distinct differentiation levels depending on the plant host, and my analyses suggest that the most differentiated ones are also the most efficient. I investigated the bacterial factors potentially involved in the adaptations to differentiation and host-specificity, and related to the higher efficiency of the most differentiated bacteroids using global-omics approaches without a priori. The analyzed conditions were bacteroids of distinct morphotypes and free-living reference cultures. Activated functions under symbiotic conditions were identified, as well as host-specific ones. Functional analyses were performed on genes of interest. However, the bacterial mutants did not display drastic symbiotic phenotypes, showing the existence of complex gene networks leading to high resilience of rhizobial genomes
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Nguyen, Van Phuong. "Plant and bacterial functions required for morphological bacteroid differentiation in the Aeschynomene-Bradyrhizobium model." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT158/document.

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Les légumineuses sont capables de développer des organes symbiotiques, les nodules, qui hébergent des bactéries du sol appelées rhizobia. Au sein des nodules les rhizobia intracellulaires se différencient en bactéroïdes capables de réduire l'azote atmosphérique en ammonium au bénéfice de la plante. En contrepartie, la plante alimente la bactérie en sources de carbone. Des études récentes sur le modèle symbiotique Medicago/Sinorhizobium ont montré dans les nodules la forte présence d'une grande diversité de peptides appelés NCR qui sont similaires aux peptides antimicrobiens (AMP) impliqués dans l'immunité innée. Ces NCR sont responsables du maintien de l'homéostasie entre les cellules hôtes et la forte population bactérienne qu'elles contiennent. Bien que certains NCR sont de vrais AMP, capable de tuer des bactéries in vitro, dans les nodules ils induisent plutôt une différenciation terminale caractérisée par une élongation cellulaire, une amplification du génome, une perméabilité membranaire et une perte des capacités de division de la bactérie. Néanmoins le mode d'action des NCR reste à élucider. Au cours de ma thèse j'ai participé à la caractérisation des processus de différenciation dans le modèle Aeschynomene, une légumineuse tropicale, Bradyrhizobium.Dans un premier temps, une nouvelle classe de NCR a été identifiée chez différentes espèces d'Aeschynomene. Ces NCR sont responsables de la différenciation des Bradyrhizobium via un processus similaire à celui décrit chez Medicago. Ces résultats suggèrent une évolution convergente des processus de différenciation chez les Dalbergioïdes (Aeschynomene) et le clade des IRLC (Medicago).Ensuite, pour identifier les fonctions bactériennes requises lors de la différenciation, j'ai criblé 53 mutants Tn5 d'Aeschynomene indica fix- . Huit gènes bactériens dont la mutation inhibe ou affecte le processus de différenciation ont été identifiés. Parmi eux, je me suis focalisé sur la DD-CPase une enzyme de modification du peptidoglycane et sur 2 gènes impliqués dans l'homéostasie du phosphate.La caractérisation du gène DD-CPase1 a permis de démontrer que le remodelage du peptidoglycane est requis pour une différenciation correcte des bactéroïdes chez les plantes hôtes qui produisent des NCR, en général, et chez Aeschynomene en particulier. Ces résultats suggèrent une interaction possible entre DD-CPase1 et des NCR conduisant à l'endoréplication des bactéroïdes.Enfin, j'ai étudié les propriétés physiologiques et symbiotiques des mutants pstC et pstB. Les mutants Tn5 des gènes pstC et pstB de la souche ORS285 de Bradyrhizobium sont sévèrement affectés par la carence en phosphate en culture pure et leurs propriétés symbiotiques (différenciation, réduction de l'azote) sont fortement réduites. Des analyses fonctionnelles plus approfondies de l'opéron Pst devraient permettre une meilleure compréhension du lien entre l'homéostasie du phosphate et l'efficience symbiotique dans l'interaction Aeschynomene-Bradyrhizobium.Mes travaux ont permis d'élargir nos connaissances sur l'évolution de la symbiose en montrant que le modus operandi impliquant des peptides dérivés de l'immunité innée utilisée par certaines légumineuses pour maintenir leur population bactérienne intracellulaire sous contrôle est plus répandue et ancienne qu'on ne le pensait et a été utilisée par l'évolution à plusieurs reprises. De plus différentes cibles bactériennes pouvant participer au processus de différenciation ont également été identifiées
The legume species are able to form symbiotic organs, the nodules, that house soil bacteria called rhizobia. Within these nodules intracellular rhizobia differentiate into bacteroids, which are able to reduce atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonium for the benefit of the plants. In counterpart, the plants provide carbon sources to the bacteria. Recent studies on symbiotic model Medicago-Sinorhizobium showed that the nodules of M. truncatula produce a massive diversity of peptides called NCRs, which are similar to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of innate immune systems. These NCRs are responsible in maintaining the homeostasis between the host cells in the nodules and the large bacterial population they contain. Although many NCRs are genuine AMPs, which kill microbes in vitro, in nodule cells they do not kill the bacteria but induce them into the terminally differentiated bacteroids characterized by cell elongation, genome amplification, membrane permeability and loss of cell division capacity. However, the action mode of NCRs is still an open question. During my PhD thesis I focused on the identification of plant and bacterial functions required for bacteroid differentiation in the Aeschynomene-Bradyrhizobium model.Firstly, a new class of cysteine rich peptides (NCR-like) was identified in tropical aquatic legumes of the Aeschynomene genus, which belong to the Dalbergioid clade. These peptides govern terminal bacteroid differentiation of photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium spp. This mechanism is similar to the one previously described in Medicago suggesting that the endosymbiont differentiation in Dalbergioid and ILRC legumes is convergently evolved.Secondly, in order to identify the bacterial functions involved in bacteroid differentiation, I screened 53 fix- Tn5 mutants of the ORS278 strain on Aeschynomene indica. This screening allowed identify 8 bacterial genes, which inhibit or disorder the bacteroid differentiation. Among these identified genes, I focused on DD-CPase encoding a peptidoglycan-modifying enzyme and two genes pstC and pstB belonging to Pst-system.The characterization of DD-CPase gene demonstrated that the remodeling peptidoglycan enzyme, DD-CPase1, of Bradyrhizobium is required for normal bacteroid differentiation in host legumes that produce NCRs, in general, and in Aeschynomene spp., in particular. This prompts a possibility of direct interaction of DD-CPase1 with NCRs leading to endoreduplication of the bacteroids.Finally, I have investigated the physiological and symbiotic properties of different mutants of pstC and pstB genes. The Tn5 mutants of pstC and pstB genes of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain ORS278 severely affected symbiosis on A. indica and A. evenia. Further functional studies on pst-operon will provide deeper understanding the correlation between phosphate homeostasis and nitrogen fixation efficiency in Aeschynomene-Bradyrhizobium symbiosis.This study broadens our knowledge on the evolution of symbiosis by showing that the modus operandi involving peptides derived from innate immunity used by some legumes to keep their intracellular bacterial population under control is more widespread and ancient than previously thought and has been invented by evolution several times
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Books on the topic "Bacteroids"

1

Li, Chʻun. Cohesive interactions between bacteroides (and porphyromonas) species and actinomyces viscosus. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1990.

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Piddock, L. J. V. The penicillin binding proteins of species from the genus 'bacteroides'. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1985.

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Li, Jun. Cohesive interactions between bacteroides (and Porphyromonas) species and Actinomyces viscosus. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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Haapasalo, Markus. The genus bacteroides in human dental root canal infections: Taxonomic, ultrastructural and clinical studies. Helsinki: The author, 1986.

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Goulbourne, P. Andrew. Evidence for the role of fimbriae in the adhesion of bacteroides gingivalis to actinomyces viscosus. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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Sun, Frank. Identification of Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) Gingivalis outer membrane proteins that bind to and degrade human matrix proteins. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 1992.

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Monoclonal antibody to the immunodominant lipopolysaccharide antigen of bacteroides fragilis cross-reacting with type II group B streptococci. Turku: Turun yliopisto, 1988.

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Ricci, Vito. The accumulation of fluoroquinolones by bacteroides fragilis and the role of efflux and topoisomerase mutations in fluoroquinolone resistance. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2002.

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Yanchak, Margaret Pettit. Probing the reaction mechanism of the metallo- -lactamase (CcrA) from Bacteroides fragilis by site-directed mutagenesis. 1999.

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Gradin, Joseph Lloyd. Morphologic, molecular and antigenic characteristics of Bacteroides nodosus. 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bacteroids"

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Kannenberg, E. L., and R. W. Carlson. "Rhizobium Bacteroids Express Hydrophobic Lipopolysaccharides." In Nitrogen Fixation: From Molecules to Crop Productivity, 245. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47615-0_123.

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Zhou, J. C., Y. T. Tehan, and J. M. Vincent. "Bacteroids in the Soybean: Bradyrhizobium Japonicum Symbiosis." In World Soybean Research Conference III: Proceedings, 918–25. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429267932-150.

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Ronson, Clive W., and Patricia M. Astwood. "Genes Involved in the Carbon Metabolism of Bacteroids." In Nitrogen fixation research progress, 201–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5175-4_27.

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Margolin, William. "Differentiation of Free-Living Rhizobia into Endosymbiotic Bacteroids." In Prokaryotic Development, 441–66. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818166.ch22.

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Karr, D. B., and D. W. Emerich. "Protein synthesis and protein phosphorylation in Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids." In Nitrogen Fixation, 679–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6432-0_57.

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Copeland, L., S. N. Chohan, and S. A. Kim. "Malate Metabolism and Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate Accumulation in Bacteroids." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 459–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_278.

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Mandon, Karine, Alexandre Boscari, Jean Charles Trinchant, Laurence Dupont, Geneviéve Alloing, Didier Hérouart, and Daniel Le Rudulier. "Salt Stress Adaptation in Alfalfa Bacteroids: Importance of Proline Betaine." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment, 297–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3570-5_76.

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Waters, James K., Bobby L. Hughes, Larry C. Purcell, Klaus Gerhardt, Thomas P. Mawhinney, and David W. Emerich. "Alanine and Ammonia Release by N2-Fixing Bradyrhizobium Japonicum Bacteroids." In Highlights of Nitrogen Fixation Research, 33–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4795-2_6.

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Poole, P., and D. Walshaw. "Why do Bacteroids use C4-Dicarboxylic Acids to Fuel Nitrogen Fixation?" In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 476. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_291.

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Poole, P. S., D. Allaway, E. Lodwig, and T. Wheeler. "Ammonium and Alanine are the Primary Nitrogen Secretion Products of Pea Bacteroids." In Nitrogen Fixation: From Molecules to Crop Productivity, 371–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47615-0_198.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bacteroids"

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Ghiron, Camillo A., Maurice R. Eftink, James K. Waters, and David W. Emerich. "Fluorescence studies with malate dehydrogenase from rhizobium japonicum 3I1B-143 bacteroids: a two-tryptophan containing protein." In OE/LASE '90, 14-19 Jan., Los Angeles, CA, edited by Joseph R. Lakowicz. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.17725.

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Al-Ostad, T., N. Al-Mansour, and E. Al-Saleh. "Effect of crude oil pollution on the oil-degrading bacteroids community in the nodules of Arachis hypogaea." In GEO-ENVIRONMENT 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/geo080141.

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Hayase, Eiko, Tomo Hayase, Mohamad A. Jamal, Takahiko Miyama, Chia-Chi Chang, Miriam R. Ortega, Saira S. Ahmed, et al. "Mucus-degrading Bacteroides link carbapenems to aggravated graft-versus-host disease." In Leading Edge of Cancer Research Symposium. The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52519/00056.

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Parida, Sheetal, Sumit Siddharth, Guannan Wang, Himavanth Gatla, Shaoguang Wu, Brian Ladle, Kathleen Gabrielson, Cynthia L. Sears, and Dipali Sharma. "Abstract PS19-02: Gut pathogen,Bacteroides fragilispromotes breast cancer liver and lung metastasis." In Abstracts: 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; December 8-11, 2020; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs20-ps19-02.

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Upadhyay, G., and R. Gandhi. "098 A case of multi-drug resistance bacteroides fragilis ventriculitis in a pre-term neonate." In Great Ormond Street Hospital Conference 2018: Continuous Care. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/goshabs.98.

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Goodwin, Andrew, Shaoguang Wu, David Huso, Xinqun Wu, Jessica Hicks, Christina Destefano Shields, Amy Hacker-Prietz, et al. "Abstract A56: Induction of spermine oxidase by enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis contributes to tumorigenesis in a model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research‐‐ Nov 7-10, 2010; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.prev-10-a56.

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Parkar, Nabil, Madusha Peiris, R. Stentz, A. Brion, AJ Goldson, Rubina Aktar, SR Carding, and LA Blackshaw. "AWE-09 Characterization of neuronal innervation & its supporting structures in germ-free,conventional & germ-free-mice recolonized with bacteroides-thetaiotaomicron." In British Society of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting, 17–20 June 2019, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-bsgabstracts.394.

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Parida, Sheetal, Shaoguang Wu, Nethaji Muniraj, Sumit Siddharth, Arumugam Nagaligam, Christina Hum, Panagiotis Mistriotis, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Cynthia L. Sears, and Dipali Sharma. "Abstract 2834:Bacteroides fragilis:A potential pathogen orchestrating EMT and stemness in breast epithelial cells via concomitant activation of Notch and βcatenin axes." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-2834.

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Parida, Sheetal, Shaoguang Wu, Nethaji Muniraj, Sumit Siddharth, Arumugam Nagaligam, Christina Hum, Panagiotis Mistriotis, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Cynthia L. Sears, and Dipali Sharma. "Abstract 2834:Bacteroides fragilis:A potential pathogen orchestrating EMT and stemness in breast epithelial cells via concomitant activation of Notch and βcatenin axes." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2834.

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Parida, Sheetal, Shaoguang Wu, Nethaji Muniraj, Sumit Siddharth, Arumugam Nagaligam, Christina Hum, Panagiotis Mistriotis, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Cynthia Sears, and Dipali Sharma. "Abstract PR06: Bacteroides fragilis: A potential pathogen orchestrating EMT and stemness in breast epithelial cells via concomitant activation of Notch and βcatenin axes." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on the Microbiome, Viruses, and Cancer; February 21-24, 2020; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.mvc2020-pr06.

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Reports on the topic "Bacteroids"

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Abratt, V., J. Santangelo, D. Woods, M. Peak, and J. Peak. Induction and repair of DNA strand-breaks in Bacteroides fragilis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5365674.

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Wexler, Hannah M. Bacteroides Fragilis OmpA: Utility as a Live Vaccine Vector for Biodefense Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada485749.

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Wexler, Hannah M. Bacteroides Fragilis OmpA: Utility as a Live Vaccine Vector for Biodefense Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada502764.

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Wexler, Hannah M. Bacteroides Fragilis OMP A: Utility as a Live Vaccine Vector for Biodefense Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada448618.

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Wexler, Hannah M. Bacteroides Fragilis OMP A: Utility as a Live Vaccine Vector for Biodefense Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467965.

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