Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bacteriolysin

Academic literature on the topic 'Bacteriolysin'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Bacteriolysin.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Bacteriolysin"

1

Bastos, Maria do Carmo de Freire, Bruna Gonçalves Coutinho, and Marcus Lívio Varella Coelho. "Lysostaphin: A Staphylococcal Bacteriolysin with Potential Clinical Applications." Pharmaceuticals 3, no. 4 (April 19, 2010): 1139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph3041139.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Proença, Daniela, Clara Leandro, Miguel Garcia, Madalena Pimentel, and Carlos São-José. "EC300: a phage-based, bacteriolysin-like protein with enhanced antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 99, no. 12 (March 3, 2015): 5137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6483-7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Brack, Christiane, Annett Mikolasch, Rabea Schlueter, Andreas Otto, Dörte Becher, Uwe Wegner, Dirk Albrecht, Katharina Riedel, and Frieder Schauer. "Antibacterial Metabolites and Bacteriolytic Enzymes Produced by Bacillus pumilus During Bacteriolysis of Arthrobacter citreus." Marine Biotechnology 17, no. 3 (February 13, 2015): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-015-9614-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Imanishi, Ichiro, Jumpei Uchiyama, Toshihiro Tsukui, Junzo Hisatsune, Kaori Ide, Shigenobu Matsuzaki, Motoyuki Sugai, and Koji Nishifuji. "Therapeutic Potential of an Endolysin Derived from Kayvirus S25-3 for Staphylococcal Impetigo." Viruses 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2019): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090769.

Full text
Abstract:
Impetigo is a contagious skin infection predominantly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Decontamination of S. aureus from the skin is becoming more difficult because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Bacteriophage endolysins are less likely to invoke resistance and can eliminate the target bacteria without disturbance of the normal microflora. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a recombinant endolysin derived from kayvirus S25-3 against staphylococcal impetigo in an experimental setting. First, the recombinant S25-3 endolysin required an incubation period of over 15 minutes to exhibit efficient bactericidal effects against S. aureus. Second, topical application of the recombinant S25-3 endolysin decreased the number of intraepidermal staphylococci and the size of pustules in an experimental mouse model of impetigo. Third, treatment with the recombinant S25-3 endolysin increased the diversity of the skin microbiota in the same mice. Finally, we revealed the genus-specific bacteriolytic effect of recombinant S25-3 endolysin against staphylococci, particularly S. aureus, among human skin commensal bacteria. Therefore, topical treatment with recombinant S25-3 endolysin can be a promising disease management procedure for staphylococcal impetigo by efficient bacteriolysis of S. aureus while improving the cutaneous bacterial microflora.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Giesbrecht, Peter, Thomas Kersten, Heinrich Maidhof, and Jörg Wecke. "Staphylococcal Cell Wall: Morphogenesis and Fatal Variations in the Presence of Penicillin." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 62, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 1371–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.62.4.1371-1414.1998.

Full text
Abstract:
SUMMARY The primary goal of this review is to provide a compilation of the complex architectural features of staphylococcal cell walls and of some of their unusual morphogenetic traits including the utilization of murosomes and two different mechanisms of cell separation. Knowledge of these electron microscopic findings may serve as a prerequisite for a better understanding of the sophisticated events which lead to penicillin-induced death. For more than 50 years there have been controversial disputes about the mechanisms by which penicillin kills bacteria. Many hypotheses have tried to explain this fatal event biochemically and mainly via bacteriolysis. However, indications that penicillin-induced death of staphylococci results from overall biochemical defects or from a fatal attack of bacterial cell walls by bacteriolytic murein hydrolases were not been found. Rather, penicillin, claimed to trigger the activity of murein hydrolases, impaired autolytic wall enzymes of staphylococci. Electron microscopic investigations have meanwhile shown that penicillin-mediated induction of seemingly minute cross wall mistakes is the very reason for this killing. Such “morphogenetic death” taking place at predictable cross wall sites and at a predictable time is based on the initiation of normal cell separations in those staphylococci in which the completion of cross walls had been prevented by local penicillin-mediated impairment of the distribution of newly synthesized peptidoglycan; this death occurs because the high internal pressure of the protoplast abruptly kills such cells via ejection of some cytoplasm during attempted cell separation. An analogous fatal onset of cell partition is considered to take place without involvement of a detectable quantity of autolytic wall enzymes (“mechanical cell separation”). The most prominent feature of penicillin, the disintegration of bacterial cells via bacteriolysis, is shown to represent only a postmortem process resulting from shrinkage of dead cells and perturbation of the cytoplasmic membrane. Several schematic drawings have been included in this review to facilitate an understanding of the complex morphogenetic events.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Martínez-Cuesta, M. Carmen, Jan Kok, Elisabet Herranz, Carmen Peláez, Teresa Requena, and Girbe Buist. "Requirement of Autolytic Activity for Bacteriocin-Induced Lysis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 3174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3174-3179.2000.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT The bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis IFPL105 is bactericidal against several Lactococcus andLactobacillus strains. Addition of the bacteriocin to exponential-growth-phase cells resulted in all cases in bacteriolysis. The bacteriolytic response of the strains was not related to differences in sensitivity to the bacteriocin and was strongly reduced in the presence of autolysin inhibitors (Co2+ and sodium dodecyl sulfate). When L. lactis MG1363 and its derivative deficient in the production of the major autolysin AcmA (MG1363acmAΔ1) were incubated with the bacteriocin, the latter did not lyse and no intracellular proteins were released into the medium. Incubation of cell wall fragments of L. lactisMG1363, or of L. lactis MG1363acmAΔ1 to which extracellular AcmA was added, in the presence or absence of the bacteriocin had no effect on the speed of cell wall degradation. This result indicates that the bacteriocin does not degrade cell walls, nor does it directly activate the autolysin AcmA. The autolysin was also responsible for the observed lysis of L. lactis MG1363 cells during incubation with nisin or the mixture of lactococcins A, B, and M. The results presented here show that lysis of L. lactis after addition of the bacteriocins is caused by the resulting cell damage, which promotes uncontrolled degradation of the cell walls by AcmA.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Rao, Shilpakala Sainath, Ketha V. K. Mohan, and Chintamani D. Atreya. "High Sensitivity Detection of Bacillus Cereus in Plasma Samples." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1990.1990.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Microbial contamination of blood and blood products remains a major concern in transfusion medicine. Detection of bacterial contamination has been traditionally carried out by inoculating the contaminated blood/blood products into a liquid or solid nutrient medium followed by 18–24 h incubation period to observe any bacterial colony formation (growth). Although this technique is highly sensitive and specific, the test requires at least 24 hours for accurate diagnosis, which is a limitation Nucleic acid-based and antigen-based assays that have been recently in use also have limitations either with regard to time, sensitivity or specificity. In the present study we utilized Bacillus cereus and bacteriolysin (PlyG) derived from its g-phage virus as a model system for high sensitivity detection of this B. cereus in plasma. Six overlapping synthetic peptides in the bacterial binding C-terminal region of PlyG were tested in the study. The length of the synthetic peptides ranged from 20 to 10-mer and were biotinylated for subsequent detection. Peptide binding to bacteria was detected using either Streptavidin-conjugated horse radish peroxidase (HRP) on a nitrocellulose membrane or by using streptavidin-conjugated fluorescent Q-dots (liquid nano crystals) and analyzing under a fluorescence microscope. Various dilutions of log-phase cultures of B. cereus were spiked into plasma samples and incubated with the peptides for 1 hour followed by detection using either the streptavidin-HRP or streptavidin-Q-dots. Results revealed that two out of six peptides bound strongly to Bacillus in both the assays, while the rest of the peptides were either non-binders or weakly-binding. The membrane-based assay demonstrated an assay sensitivity of 102 colony forming units (CFU)/ml whereas the Q dots-based fluorescence assay was able to detect even a single bacterium. Overall, our findings suggest that both these assays are rapid and sensitive and results could be achieved within 2–3 hours. Quantitation of the fluorescent signal by fluorometry in a 96-well plate format is in progress. The findings and conclusions in this abstract have not been formally disseminated by the Food and Drug Administration and should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Tsuneo, Ishida. "Highly Bactericidal Silver () against Bacteria and Anti-Cancer Activity of Ag+ ions for Regulation of Cancer/Tumor Cell Growth." Cancer Medicine Journal 1, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/cmj.2018.1-1004.

Full text
Abstract:
Since highly bactericidal silver (I) ions against bacteria have been obtained, as highly accurate results, prospect effects of silver (I) ions for regulation of cancer and tumor cell growth can be expected to occur even at apoptotic conditions. This mini-review article is reported that as an availability for most highly bactericidal effect of Ag+ ions, the regulation of cancer cell growth may be able to be achieved by Ag+ ions-mediated hydrolyzing and degrading functions. Bactericidal effects of silver (I) ions on bacteriolyses of bacterial cell walls by activation of peptidoglycan (PGN) autolysins and silver ion-mediated cancer cell hydrolyzing and degrading activity by endolysins have been analyzed. Bacteriolysis against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) PGN cell wall by Ag+ ions is caused by the inhibition of PGN elongation due to regulation of PGN synthetic transglycosylase (TG) and transpeptidase (TP), and the enhancement of activation of PGN autolysins of amidases. On the other hand, bacteriolysis and destruction against Escherichia coli (E. coli) cell wall by Ag+ ions are caused by the destruction of outer membrane structure due to degradative enzymes of lipoproteins at N- and Cterminals, and by the inhibition of PGN elongation owing to inactivation of PGN TP synthetic enzyme endopeptidase and enhancement of the activations of PGN hydrolases and autolysins of amidase, peptidase, and carboxypeptidase. Ag+ ions-mediated cancerous cell hydrolyzing enzyme that binds to and degrades intact cancer cells of the producing organism are classified as autolysins or endolysins (phage lysin), resulting that the hydrolase activity is an essential as regulator of cancer and tumor cell growth and hydrolase activation may be promoted the apoptosis and the necrosis of cancer cells, and subsequently lead to cancer cell death by this hydrolase. Thus, highly bactericidal Ag+ ions against bacteria and effect of Ag+ ions for cancer cell growth regulation or cell death can be able to realize at the same time. Silver ions induced ROS generations such as O2 - , H2O2,･OH, OH- producing in bacterial and tumorous cells occur and lead to oxidative stress. DNA damages may be due to linear coordinated Ag+ complex formations by Ag+ substitution within double and triple hydrogen bonds in DNA base pairs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Al-Zaban, Mayasar, Souheila Naghmouchi, and Nada K. AlHarbi. "HPLC-Analysis, Biological Activities and Characterization of Action Mode of Saudi Marrubium vulgare against Foodborne Diseases Bacteria." Molecules 26, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 5112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175112.

Full text
Abstract:
The present study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, metabolites secondary and pharmacology activities of methanolic extract of Marrubium vulgare collected from King Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the primary mode of action of the tested extract was studied here for the first time against E. coli and L. monocytogenes. HPLC analysis shows that the major components in the tested extract are luteolin-7-O-d-glucoside, ferulic acid and premarrubiin. Obtained data demonstrated that the investigated extract was richer in phenol (26.8 ± 0.01 mg/GAE g) than in flavonoids (0.61 ± 0.05 mg EC/mL). In addition, the methanolic extract showed an important antioxidant capacity against the DPPH (IC50 = 35 ± 0.01 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 25 ± 0.2 µg/mL) radical scavenging and a strong inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme with an IC50 value corresponding to 0.4 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity demonstrated that the evaluated extract had significant activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The effect of time on cell integrity on E. coli and L. monocytogenes determined by time–kill and bacteriolysis tests showed that the M. vulgare extract reduced the viability of both strains after 8 and 10 h and had a bacteriolytic effect against two different categories of bacteria, Gram-positive and negative, which are not of the same potency. Based on obtained data, it can be concluded that Saudi M. vulgare has a high pharmacological importance and can be used in preparation of food or drugs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Fermor, T. R., D. A. Wood, S. P. Lincoln, and J. S. Fenlon. "Bacteriolysis by Agaricus bisporus." Journal of General Microbiology 137, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-137-1-15.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacteriolysin"

1

Dwivedi, Anupma. "Bacteriolytic therapy of tumours." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589756.

Full text
Abstract:
The historical precedence for employing bacteria to target cancer stretches long back some 300 years. Despite of the advancements in chemotherapy, problems such as metastasis and tumour resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy have limited the scope of therapeutic effects of existing clinical treatments. The microenvironment of solid tumours provides an ideal environment for growth of facultative and strictly anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria can colonize such environments leading to tumour regression. Such investigations have given the concept of bacteriolytic therapy, in which live bacteria could be employed for the targeted delivery into tumours leading to its suppression. With this concept in mind it was decided to explore the above idea by using probiotic bacterium (Lactobacillus casei), which is considered to be non-pathogenic and also provides health benefits to the host. In order to minimize dispersion of the bacteria throughout the host and to facilitate its delivery into tumours, some kind of containment was desirable. To test this kind of approach it was decided to exploit immobilisation technology to microencapsulate live bacteria for later injection into tumour sites. To date no such approach has been employed to develop such a microencapsulation system that could be utilized as a delivery vehicle for live bacteria to deliver it through a hypodermic needle directly into tumours. In order to pursue the above objective, the microencapsulation method was also characterised with respect to stability and viability of the L.casei. Microencapsulated preparations of Lactobacillus casei NCDO 161 were developed and demonstrated that the culture supernatant of microencapsulated preparation inhibited growth of tumour cells (in vitro). Further investigation of a variety of bacterial preparations on tumour growth (in vivo) following intra-tumoural injection demonstrated that the live microencapsulated preparation had severe inhibitory effect on tumour growth when compared with non-encapsulated live and encapsulated heat killed preparations. Histological studies were performed to demonstrate the presence of live bacteria in tumours at early stages and to study the effects of the bacteria on tumour architecture during the treatment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Тодосійчук, Тетяна Сергіївна. "Поліваріантна біотехнологія препаратів-антисептиків на основі мікробних бактеріолізинів." Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2016. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/16294.

Full text
Abstract:
Дисертацію присвячено науковому обгрунтуванню та розробці поліваріантної біотехнології різних форм антисептичних препаратів з використанням селекціонованого продуценту бактеріолізинів Streptomyces albus UN 44. Запропонована схема підтримуючої селекції продуценту, проведено комплексний таксономічний аналіз та реідентифікація культури. Вперше встановлена здатність культури до синтезу антифунгальних антибіотиків, які були виділені та ідентифіковані як біс(2-етилгексил)фталат і 3-O- метилциклополова кислота. Модифіковано та оптимізовано склад поживного середовища для біосинтезу бактеріолізинів, що визначило його здешевлення у 1,5-2 рази та підвищення продуктивності культури до 8-9 тис. МО/см3. Обгрунтована доцільність застосування адсорбційного способу для одержання іммобілізованої форми бактеріолітичного препарату з використанням аеросилу та встановлені основні механізми іммобілізації. Розроблені іммобілізований бактеріолітичний препарат з активністю 100 тис. МО/г, рідкий комплексний антисептик Цитал, рідкий та гранульований препарати для рослинництва Стрептофунгін-Фіто, препарати окремих бактеріолізинів ферментного комплексу та препарат антибіотиків Стрептофунгін. Розроблено процеси застосування окремих препаратів у складі композицій побутових та промислових синтетичних мийних засобів, в основі композицій м′яких та рідких форм лікувальних ветеринарних препаратів, а також в процесах отримання біологічно активних компонентів мікробних клітин та в харчовій промисловості.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Oey, Melanie. "Chloroplasts as bioreactors : high-yield production of active bacteriolytic protein antibiotics." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2895/.

Full text
Abstract:
Plants, more precisely their chloroplasts with their bacterial-like expression machinery inherited from their cyanobacterial ancestors, can potentially offer a cheap expression system for proteinaceous pharmaceuticals. This system would be easily scalable and provides appropriate safety due to chloroplasts maternal inheritance. In this work, it was shown that three phage lytic enzymes (Pal, Cpl-1 and PlyGBS) could be successfully expressed at very high levels and with high stability in tobacco chloroplasts. PlyGBS expression reached an amount of foreign protein accumulation (> 70% TSP) that has never been obtained before. Although the high expression levels of PlyGBS caused a pale green phenotype with retarded growth, presumably due to exhaustion of plastid protein synthesis capacity, development and seed production were not impaired under greenhouse conditions. Since Pal and Cpl-1 showed toxic effects when expressed in E. coli, a special plastid transformation vector (pTox) was constructed to allow DNA amplification in bacteria. The construction of the pTox transformation vector allowing a recombinase-mediated deletion of an E. coli transcription block in the chloroplast, leading to an increase of foreign protein accumulation to up to 40% of TSP for Pal and 20% of TSP for Cpl-1. High dose-dependent bactericidal efficiency was shown for all three plant-derived lytic enzymes using their pathogenic target bacteria S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. Confirmation of specificity was obtained for the endotoxic proteins Pal and Cpl-1 by application to E. coli cultures. These results establish tobacco chloroplasts as a new cost-efficient and convenient production platform for phage lytic enzymes and address the greatest obstacle for clinical application. The present study is the first report of lysin production in a non-bacterial system. The properties of chloroplast-produced lysins described in this work, their stability, high accumulation rate and biological activity make them highly attractive candidates for future antibiotics.
Lytische Enzyme aus Bakteriophagen bieten Eigenschaften, die sie zu vielversprechenden Medikamenten im Einsatz gegen bakterielle Krankheiten machen. Obwohl sie speziell beim Einsatz gegen bakterielle Infektionen, welche durch Antibiotika resistente Erreger hervorgerufen werden, eine maßgebende Rolle spielen könnten, waren bisher die hohen Produktionskosten ein Hindernis für die medizinische Anwendung. Ein kostengünstiges und einfach zu handhabendes System, wie beispielsweise Chloroplasten in Pflanzen, würde diese lytischen Enzyme zu einer effizienten Alternative zu herkömmlichen Antibiotika machen. In dieser Arbeit wird erstmals die erfolgreiche Produktion von lytischen Enzymen in Tabak-Chloroplasten vorgestellt, welche mit einem Fremdproteingehalt von mehr als 70% des gesamtlöslichen Proteins der Pflanze eine Menge beschreibt, die bisher mit diesem Verfahren noch nicht erreicht wurde. Alle in Chloroplasten hergestellten lytischen Enzyme zeigten hohe spezifische bakteriolytische Aktivität gegen die gewählten Humanpathogene und waren innerhalb von Minuten in der Lage diese Bakterien abzutöten. Zur Herstellung von zwei lytischen Enzymen wurde in dieser Arbeit ein spezieller Shuttle-Vektor entworfen, der die Expression von toxischen Genen innerhalb von E. coli Zellen im Zuge der DNA Replikation vermeidet, jedoch die Herstellung einer ungehinderten Expression der toxischen Gene in den Chloroplasten nach Beseitigung des Selektionsmarkers erlaubte. Ein Vergleich zwischen einem herkömmlich verwendeten Transformationsvektor und dem Shuttle-Vektor mittels eines Reportergens zeigte, dass das neu entwickelte System bis zu 4 mal mehr Protein produzierte. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen das Potential von Chloroplasten als kostengünstige und leicht zu handhabende Produktionsplattform für lytische Enzyme, welche als neue Generation von Antibiotika attraktive Alternativen zu herkömmlichen Therapien bieten.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Dundar, Halil. "Characterization And Purification Of A Bacteriocin Produced By Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Subsp. Cremoris." Phd thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607812/index.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
In this study, a new bacteriocin isolated from a Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris strain was purified to homogeneity by pH mediated cell adsorption-desorption, solid phase extraction with Amberlite XAD-16, cation-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The purification resulted in an electrophoretically pure protein that was smaller than 6 kDa as judged by SDS-PAGE. The bacteriocin was found to be very hydrophobic and cationic and could be adsorbed by synthetic calcium silicate due to its cationic and especially hydrophobic nature. It was observed that this bacteriocin was sensitive to &
#945
-amylase in addition to proteinase K, trypsine, pepsine and chymotrypsine and had a bactericidal mode of action with a concomitant cell lysis. The results indicated that bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris was more stable to combined effect of pH and heat than nisin, lacticin 481, lacticin 3147 and lactococcin G and was bactericidal between pH 2.0-12. It was found that the bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris was stable to organic solvents and could be extracted with chloroform containing solvents efficiently for purification. The bacteriocin produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris was found to have a strong inhibitory activity against Listeria innoqua, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus cremoris, other Leuconostoc meenteroides strains and gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. Some of the insensitive bacteria were observed to be sensitive when high concentration of the bacteriocin was used.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Shrestha, Gajendra. "Exploring the Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and AnticancerProperties of Lichen Metabolites." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4393.

Full text
Abstract:
Natural products have been a significant source of new drugs, especially in treating cancer, infectious diseases, hypertension, and neurological disorders. Although many natural metabolites have been screened and yielded pharmaceutically important drugs, many potential sources of natural product drug therapies still need to be investigated, including lichens. Lichens are symbiotic systems consisting of a filamentous fungus and a photosynthetic partner (an eukaryotic alga and/or cyanobacterium). Lichens produce an impressive variety of unique secondary compounds and have been used as ingredients in folk medicines for centuries. Demonstrated biological roles based on lichen chemistry include: antibiotics, anti-proliferative, antioxidants, anti-HIV, anti-cancer, immunomodulation, and anti-protozoans. Although North America is home to an impressive variety of lichen species, there is limited research to examine the biological potentials of these lichens. The core goal of this dissertation research has been to investigate some of the biological roles including, antibiotic, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials using lichen crude extracts and their metabolites collected from various locations in the United States. Antibiotic screening of crude extracts of 36 lichen species demonstrated inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Generally, acetone extractions were found to be more effective than methanol extractions. It has also been shown that L. vulpina extract was bacteriocidal against MRSA with a relatively slow kill rate that disrupts cell membrane integrity and cell division as possible modes of action. Antioxidant screening of extracts from 11 lichen species, using the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay, showed that lichen extracts inhibited the oxidative degradation of the fluorescent molecule (fluorescein-sodium salt) by the oxygen free radical initiator AAPH (2,2'-azobis(2-aminidopropane) dihydrochloride Acetone extracts as well as pure compounds from lichen species showed cytotoxic effects against Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) cells and a colon cancer cell line (HT29 and SW620). They decreased proliferation, arrested cell cycle at various stages and force the cell to undergo apoptosis. The tested extracts or pure compounds were not toxic to normal cells. In colon cancer apoptosis took place independent of casapase-3. The results of this dissertation showed that lichen compounds merits for further investigation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ganai, Sabha. "Targeting bacteriolytic therapy of solid tumors with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium." 2007. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3289263.

Full text
Abstract:
Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, a motile, nonpathogenic facultative anaerobic bacterium, has been demonstrated experimentally as a novel anticancer agent because of its favored growth within tumors. Specificity towards tumors allows for its potential use as an adjunctive approach to pharmacologic, radiation, and ablative therapies in the treatment of solid malignancies. However, limitations in its use as a tumor-specific vector may be present due to preferential colonization within nutrient-rich and hypoxic microenvironments of necrosis. Using a syngeneic murine model of mammary carcinoma, experiments were designed to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial proliferation within tumor microenvironments. With time, bacteria accumulate in the tumor transition zone, a region of quiescence between viable tumor and necrosis. An increase in tumor apoptosis and a decrease in tumor growth were noted at two days aftera single systemic treatment; this response was abrogated by four days after treatment. Bacterial specificity in colonization was noted towards subcutaneous tumors compared to liver, as well as hepatic metastases compared to normal liver. Using knowledge of observed patterns in bacterial accumulation it was determined that by two days adequate colonization in viable tumor and optimal effect in tumor apoptosis was achieved. Subsequently, strains were electroporated with radiation-inducible prokaryotic-expression plasmids to allow for tumor-specific production of either a green fluorescent protein (control) or murine tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The effect of systemic infection of mice with subcutaneous mammary tumors was examined, comparing the administration of bacterial vectors with or without addition of 2Gy gamma radiation at two days after colonization. The combination of systemic infection with attenuated S. typhimurium and gamma-irradiation conferred a significant increase in tumor doubling time. The expression vector for TRAIL under a radiation-inducible promoter conferred a significant improvement in survival, with flattening of tumor growth curves after induction by radiation. Repeated dosing and irradiation after one week limited tumor growth from baseline, with a significant survival benefit. By capitalizing on the intrinsic motility of bacteria and their preferred microenvironments within tumors in time, the therapeutic utility of targeted therapy using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a TRAIL expression vector has been demonstrated in vivo.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Oey, Melanie [Verfasser]. "Chloroplasts as bioreactors : high-yield production of active bacteriolytic protein antibiotics / von Melanie Oey." 2009. http://d-nb.info/99310682X/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Chen, Ching-Ying, and 陳靖縈. "Mutagenesis of the bacteriolytic lysins produced by bacteriophages infecting multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55844890657518165535.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
國立中興大學
生命科學系所
100
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus which commonly exists in the environment or in the hospital. It is an opportunistic pathogen and often infects hospitalized patients who are severely ill or debilitated in intensive care units. It causes nosocomial infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, urinary tract infections, and bacteremia. The treatment for A. baumannii infections in the hospital is still based on antibiotics or in combination with a variety of antibiotics. However, in recent years drug-resistant A. baumannii is increasing significantly with increasing types and quantities of antibiotics, even generating Multi-Drug Resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB). Even in 1998, National Taiwan University Hospital isolated a Pandrug-Resistant A. baumannii (PDRAB) non- susceptible to all availabe antibiotics from a patient. It causes the treatment for A. baumannii infections becomes more and more difficult. Therefore, bacteriophage therapy which can replace antibiotics is paid attention again. Bacteriophage therapy is a method using phages to lyse pathogenic bacteria, and the ability of lysing bacteria is mainly from lysin protein. We obtained 42 MDRAB isolates and 12 phages infecting A. baumannii, and chose three phages φ134、φ181 and φ284 which can lyse better and a wild range of hosts. The lysin genes of these three phages were amplified by PCR. After TA cloning and sequencing, we all got 558 bp sequcences from the three phages. There are nine sites variable in their amino acid sequences. Individually, the lysin genes were inserted into pET43.1a vector, then, transfer the constructed plasmids to E. coli BL21 (DE3), and the overexpressed fusion proteins were soluble and possessed lytic activities. By site-direct mutagenesis, when substituted isoleucine for threonine 52 of the lysin of φ134 (Lys134), the activity of the mutant lysin was increased or decreased depended on the bacterial sources of substrate. In the case of the lysin of φ284 (Lys284), the substitution of aspartate for asparagine 26, the substitution of glutamate for glycine 100, or the double substitution of aspartate for asparagine 26 and glutamate for glycine 100 at the same time, the activities of the mutant Lys284 were all improved regardless of the bacterial sources of substrate, and the best was the substitution of glutamate for glycine 100 (mutG100E Lys284). MutG100E Lys284 has the best activity at 37℃. It was tested its antibacterial activity on A. baumannii and found it could inhibit A. baumannii obviously.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Meiser, Christian Karl [Verfasser]. "Bacteriolytic and anticoagulant proteins in the saliva and intestine of blood sucking bugs (Triatominae, Insecta) / submitted by Christian Karl Meiser." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1010308602/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Bacteriolysin"

1

Gock, M., S. Schuschan, C. Maletzki, S. Eisold, E. Klar, and M. Linnebacher. "Bacteriolytic therapy of experimental pancreatic carcinoma." In Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie, 61–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00625-8_24.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Theisen, Erin, and John-Demian Sauer. "Listeria monocytogenes and the Inflammasome: From Cytosolic Bacteriolysis to Tumor Immunotherapy." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 133–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41171-2_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Valisena, S., C. Pruzzo, P. E. Varaldo, and G. Satta. "Interference of a Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteriolytic Enzyme with Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Functions." In Bacteria, Complement and the Phagocytic Cell, 255–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85718-8_21.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ginsburg, Isaac, Ruth Borinski, Milu Sadovnik, Sara Shauli, J. Wecke, P. Giesbrecht, and Meir Lahav. "Antibiotics and Polyelectrolytes Modulate Bacteriolysis and the Capacity of Bacteria to Trigger an Oxygen Burst in Neutrophils." In The Influence of Antibiotics on the Host-Parasite Relationship II, 141–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70748-3_15.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Dale, Peter A., and Peter A. Rice. "A liposome model of bacteriolysis supports the role of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and anti-LOS antibody in the complement-dependent killing of N. gonorrhoeae." In Gonococci and Meningococci, 503–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1383-7_79.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Giesbrecht, Peter, Thomas Kersten, Kazimierz Madela, Harald Grob, Peter Blümel, and Jörg Wecke. "Penicillin Induced Bacteriolysis of Staphylococci as a Post-Mortem Consequence of Murosome-Mediated Killing Via Wall Perforation and Attempts to Imitate this Perforation Process without Applying Antibiotics." In Bacterial Growth and Lysis, 393–407. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9359-8_47.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gould, Grahame W. "Control with Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Systems Including Bacteriolytic Enzymes." In Control of Foodborne Microorganisms, 281–302. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16945-10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Bacteriolysin' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography