Academic literature on the topic 'Bactérie pathogène humaine'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bactérie pathogène humaine"
VELGE, P., I. VIRLOGEUX-PAYANT, A. C. LALMANACH, C. BELLOC, P. FRAVALO, A. VIGNAL, and C. BEAUMONT. "Réduction du portage des salmonelles chez les animaux de rente : une approche multidisciplinaire." INRAE Productions Animales 21, no. 1 (March 20, 2008): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2008.21.1.3382.
Full textLaidoudi, Younes, Mickaël Boni, Jean-Lou Marié, and Bernard Davoust. "Épidémiosurveillance du surmulot à Marseille." Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France 176, no. 1 (2023): 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bavf.2023.18295.
Full textRenesto, Patricia, and Evelyne Jouvin-Marche. "L’Antibiorésistance : stratégie de la France face à une menace sanitaire mondiale." Questions de santé publique, no. 44 (September 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/qsp/2022044.
Full textBismuth, Hanna, Laurent Aussel, and Benjamin Ezraty. "La teigneGalleria mellonellapour les études hôte-pathogène." médecine/sciences 35, no. 4 (April 2019): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019071.
Full textNaciri, Marwan. "La bactérie Wolbachia bloque l’infection des moustiques par différents pathogènes humains." médecine/sciences 35, no. 6-7 (June 2019): 584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019115.
Full textSangaré, Mory, and Et Al. "Etudes de la qualité Microbiologique d’une pâte alimentaire faite de Maïs (Zea mays), d’Arachides (Arachis hypogaea), de Sésames (Sesamum indicum) et de Moringa (Moringa oleifera), (MAS-moringa), consommée dans la région de Kindia." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 16, no. 3 (January 12, 2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v16i3.2035.
Full textMakanera, Abdoulaye, M. Conde, MA Diallo, O. Sy, T. Diakité, M. Conde, AO Barry, and D. Camara. "Ewingella americana : une bactérie pathogène émergente isolée de selles diarrhéiques à l'Hôpital de l'Amitié Sino-Guinéenne de Kipé/Conakry." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 14, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v14i2.1369.
Full textPayment, P. "Effets sur la santé de la recroissance bactérienne dans les eaux de consommation / Health significance of bacterial regrowth in drinking water [Tribune libre, texte anglais et français]." Revue des sciences de l'eau 8, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705225ar.
Full textManishimwe, Rosine, Martin Buhire, Alexie Uyisunze, Jean Bosco Turikumwenayo, and Michael Tukei. "Caractérisation d’Escherichia coli résistant aux antibiotiques dans différents systèmes avicoles de la province de l’Est et de la ville de Kigali au Rwanda." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 70, no. 1 (September 20, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31392.
Full textAssomo, Philippe Samba, Sylvain Kouayep Lawou, Lucas Bouba, Daniel Florent Akono, Cynthia Azapmoh, and Véronique Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala. "Physico-chemical and bacteriological contamination of water from some supply wells in the Mandjou and Kano neighbourhoods, Djadombè subwatershed, Bertoua, East Cameroon." Journal of the Cameroon Academy of Sciences 20, no. 2 (May 29, 2024): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v20i2.4.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Bactérie pathogène humaine"
Badilla, Lobo Adriana. "Characterization of a family of small proteins regulated by second messenger-binding riboswitches in Clostridioides difficile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL120.
Full textClostridioides difficile is the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea in adults in industrialized countries. The pathophysiology of C. difficile is governed by complex regulatory networks, including RNA-based mechanisms like riboswitches. Riboswitches, located in the 5' untranslated region of mRNAs, bind specific ligands, inducing conformational changes that either promote or inhibit the expression of the downstream gene. In C. difficile, 16 riboswitches respond to the signaling molecule cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP). C-di-GMP acts as a second messenger and is recognized as a central regulator controlling the transition from a free planktonic to a sessile lifestyle associated with biofilm formation and virulence factor regulation. Several of the c-di-GMP-responding riboswitches have been well-studied in C. difficile and shown to regulate genes involved in flagella formation, type IV pili assembly, biofilm development, adhesion, and the production of virulence factors such as toxins. Moreover, c-di-GMP inhibits sporulation in C. difficile, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this PhD work, we sought to characterize c-di-GMP-responding riboswitches that have not yet been studied. Our bioinformatics analyses revealed that 5 of them are located directly upstream of predicted genes encoding small proteins (SPs) of 58 amino acids. Interestingly, an alignment of these 5 proteins showed that they are almost identical in sequence. Moreover, a homology search uncovered two additional proteins of 60 amino acids, highly similar to the first five, though their genes are not preceded by a c-di-GMP riboswitch. This novel family of proteins is conserved across C. difficile strains but lacks homologs outside the species. We built a tagged version of one SP and detected it by immunoblotting of cell fractions, confirming its protein nature and revealing that it is primarily localized to the cell membrane.RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data demonstrated that c-di-GMP negatively regulates not only the expression of the 5 SP genes downstream of the riboswitches but also the 2 additional genes. Unexpectedly, we also observed that c-di-AMP, another cyclic dinucleotide primarily involved in osmoregulation, repressed the expression of all seven genes. We performed reporter assays in different strain backgrounds to explore how these small proteins are regulated by both c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP. These experiments indicated that c-di-GMP required the riboswitch for modulation of downstream gene expression. In contrast, c-di-AMP regulated their expression independently of the riboswitch by modulating the promoter activity. Thus, c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP influence SP expression through distinct mechanisms.To investigate the role of these small proteins in C. difficile physiology, we overexpressed one SP and compared its transcriptome to that of the wild-type strain using RNA-seq. This revealed the upregulation of more than 100 genes involved in sporulation in the overexpressing strain. Consistent with these data, overexpression of this SP led to a hypersporulation phenotype. Furthermore, deletion of all 7 SP genes (Δ7 mutant) resulted in a significant reduction in sporulation, with intermediate phenotypes in strains where only some of the SP genes were deleted. Interestingly, the sporulation defect in the Δ7 mutant was mirrored in a strain producing elevated levels of c-di-GMP, suggesting that the impact of c-di-GMP on sporulation could be mediated by SP regulation. To test this hypothesis, we created a Δ7 mutant producing high concentrations of c-di-GMP. The sporulation defect in this strain was equivalent to that of the Δ7 mutant unaffected in its c-di-GMP production, indicating that the effects of SP gene deletions and c-di-GMP overproduction were not cumulative.Overall, our findings demonstrate that this novel family of small proteins is regulated by both c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP and plays a key role in controlling sporulation in C. difficile
Loubinoux, Julien. "Les bactéries sulfato-réductrices humaines : caractérisation et pouvoir pathogène." Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0279_LOUBINOUX.pdf.
Full textMeconi, Sonia. "Etude de la phagocytose de Coxiella burnetti par les macrophages humains." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX22005.
Full textEvrard, Bertrand. "Interactions cellules dendritiques humaines - bactéries probiotiques et pathogènes, et orientation de la réponse immunitaire muqueuse." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF1MM15.
Full textDendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in orchestrating adaptive immune responses. Immature DCs reside in peripheral tissues, such as the mucosa, where they sense the microenvironment via pattern recognition receptors, which recognize pathogen products called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The activation of DCs by multiple PAMPs modulates their profiles of differentiation, which will determine at a later time the polarization of the response to different effector pathways Th1, Th2, Th17 or to the generation of regulatory T cells. In this work, we studied the response of human dendritics cells, derived from monocytes, to exposure to a pathogenic bacterium, Klebsiella pneumoniae LM21 and a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lcr35. For K. Pneumoniae, we had isogenic mutants deficient in capsule or O-antigen of LPS. We demonstrated by confocal microscopy that the capsule severely constrained the phagocytosis of bacteria by DCs. In parallel, flow cytometry showed that the capsule mutants led to a greater maturation of DCs compared to the wild strain and increased Th1 cytokine production. LPS mutants induced a less marked increase of these cytokines. We investigated the effects of L. Rhamnosus Lcr35 on the maturation of DCs using a wide range of concentrations. The probiotic, at high doses, induced large-scale changes in gene expression on DNA microarrays with a molecular signature of inflammatory type. In cytometry, the probiotic induced a dose-dependent maturation of DCs, until a semi-mature state. Cytokine measurement revealed the induction by the probiotic of a dose-dependent increase in the pro-Th1/Th17 cytokines (TNFα, IL-12 and IL-23)
Raynaud, Simon. "Etude fonctionnelle et cibles d'un ARN régulateur exprimé par le pathogène humain Staphylococcus aureus et impliqué dans l'internalisation des bactéries par les cellules humaines." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1B011.
Full textStaphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen responsible for a wide spectrum of both hospital- and community-acquired infections, making it a major public health issue worldwide. The transition from commensalism to pathogenicity is governed by a fine regulation of genes expression. Beside transcription factors, regulatory RNAs play a key role in this regulation. This thesis focuses on the study of one of them, Srn_3610_SprC, which is known to be involved in virulence and bacterial internalization by human macrophages. For a better understanding if its role and function, we implemented the MAPS technology and identified three mRNA: czrB, deoD and agrB. The characterization of the interaction between SprC and czrB revealed a negative regulation of SprC on the czrAB operon through modification of the RNA stability. This mechanism of regulation leads to a decrease in the resistance of S. aureus to zinc. Zinc belongs to the antibacterial strategies implemented by human cells. In addition to the depiction of regulation by Srn_3610_SprC, we developed a protocol for the extraction of bacterial RNAs after internalization by macrophages. This novel method allowed the study of the role of czrAB operon in the internalization and intracellular survival of S. aureus. We showed that it was highly over-expressed in an intracellular context. Therfore, the negative regulation of SprC onto czrB expression could explain the decrease in the survival of S. aureus within macrophages
Camiade, Mathilde. "Persistance de bactéries entériques antibiorésistantes ou pathogénes sur des végétaux de consommation humaine ( modèle la laitue )." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR032/document.
Full textIn recent years, foodborne diseases caused by fresh products contaminated, such as lettuce, with enteric pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli-or STEC-) increasingly. The presence of these bacteria in this unusual environment is a major emerging health risk, especially since enteric bacteria, whether pathogenic or not, are frequently resistant to antibiotics. To study the persistence of antibiotic-resistant or pathogenic bacteria on lettuce, the characterization of resistance plasmids carried by E. coli strains from contaminated aquatic environments was carried out in order to study their potential involvement in adhesion of host strains on different varieties of lettuce. The study of the survival and adhesion of environmental and laboratory E. coli strains, transformed with the plasmids of interest, on young lettuce plants allowed to highlight three points: 1) more time contact between bacteria and leaves increases and less bacterial survival is important; 2) there is a difference in survival and adhesion depending on the varieties of lettuce studied; 3) there is a difference in survival and adhesion between laboratory strains and environmental strains, the latter being in better metabolic state and showing greater adhesion during the 11-12 days of experimentation. After the persistence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains under controlled conditions, field studies on 4 Normandy vegetable farms, with different technical itineraries, were carried out. The search for enteric pathogens, Salmonella and STEC, was carried out on lettuce and a search for E. coli, a control of fecal contamination, was realized on the lettuce as well as in the irrigation water of one of the sites. The results reveal a satisfactory microbiological quality of the agricultural plots studied (according to the European decree N ° 2073/2005) although E. coli strains were regularly found at the lettuce level, including some antibiotic resistant. Analysis of the irrigation water showed the continued presence of E. coli strains, including strains with common antimicrobial resistance profiles to those found on lettuce, showing that irrigation water is one of the critical sources of plant contamination in the field
Bouguelia, Sihem. "Développement de biopuces dédiées à la détection de bactéries pathogènes à faibles taux." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872457.
Full textAujoulat, Fabien. "Adaptation et spécialisation des bactéries environnementales à l'infection humaine : étude des genres Ochrobactrum et Agrobacterium." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13501/document.
Full textThe opportunistic bacterial pathogens (OBP) cause the main part of bacterial infectious diseases. Environmental-borne OBP should encounter dramatic changes in lifestyle in order to colonize human beings. The conditions of this adaptation should precise concepts about OBP and emerging pathogens.The genera Ochrobactrum and Agrobacterium groups bacteria with versatile lifestyles that establish diverse relationships with the eukaryotic cells. These environmental-borne OBP caused diverse infectious diseases in immune-compromised patients. In this study, we undertook an approach of multilocus genetic on large population of environmental and clinical strains of Ochrobactrum and Agrobacterium. The population structures were compared to phenotypic traits related to adaptation and virulence in man, such as growth temperature, biofilm formation and virulence tested in Caenorhabditis elegans and human macrophages models.Ochrobactrum anthropi and Ochrobactrum intermedium are the two main Ochrobactrum species to be involved in human diseases. O. anthropi displays an epidemic population structure organized in two large clonal complexes (CCs). CC4 groups only human associated strains whereas CC1 contain environmental and clinical strains. Population genetics suggested that CC4 is a human-associated clone although phenotypic, genomic and virulence traits do not differ between CC1 and CC4 strains.As O. anthropi, O. intermedium displays a high genetic diversity without correlation between the genetic structure and the origin of strains. The level of genetic diversity among clinical strains appears as high as observed in the whole population. Several data such as a low level of genomic diversity suggested that O. intermedium is associated to a narrow ecological niche. The low number of environmental strains described for this species as well as an optimal growth at 37°C suggested that human beings could be the main niche for O. intermedium. Virulence in macrophage and C. elegans models showed diverse behaviour whereas some strains are able to survive and multiply in macrophages model.Multilocus genetics in a population of Agrobacterium spp. that displays diverse lifestyles, revealed a human associated population as observed for O. anthropi. The clinical genovar A7 groups 80% of the clinical strains included in the study, this strains growing at 42°C. Data obtained in this study will be confronted to the knowledge about other environmental-borne OBP such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and bacteria belonging to the species complex Burkholderia cepacia. All these bacteria displayed sub-populations associated to man or to a particular human disease. These sub-populations suggest a specialization process that will be described in the context of the speciation of bacterial pathogen in order to revisite the concept of « opportunisme infectieux »
Brochu, Eliel. "Métagénomique, culturomique et sélectomique recombinante pour la caractérisation de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques dans le microbiote intestinal humain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38129.
Full textThe human intestinal microbiota is an important and poorly known antibiotic resistance genes reservoir. In this study, we explored resistance genes from the microbiota of healthy volunteers before and after exposure to the β-lactam cefprozil antibiotic. Three approaches were used to characterise resistance genes in the human microbiota and examine alteration by antimicrobials: metagenomics, culturomics and recombinant selectomics. Metagenomic and culturomic sequencing of intestinal microbiota enabled identification of several genes for resistance to β-lactams and other antibiotics. However, culturomics allowed identification of these genes in more participants than metagenomics. Culturomics highlighted the presence of the clinically important vancomycin resistance vanD-like genes in the microbiota of about 46% of participants compared to 8% with metagenomics. Culturomics also showed that in vitro and in vivo β-lactams exposition stimulates the emergence of vanD genes. Recombinant selectomics, which is based on the construction of expression libraries made with bacterial DNA, was also used to functionally characterise β-lactam resistance genes from the cultivable intestinal bacteria. It allowed identification and characterisation of five different β-lactamases including two with an extended-spectrum activity. The majority of β-lactamases genes was associated with other resistance genes and/or mobile elements. This study demonstrated that culture favors the identification of genes undetected by direct metagenomic sequencing and selectomics was a powerful tool to characterise gene functions. It also demonstrated that intake of a commonly used antibiotic of the β-lactam family can influence the abundance of bacteria containing resistance genes to an antibiotic from another class, such as vancomycin, which is a last resort antibiotic.
Bertrand, Romain. "Développement d'un outil de type macroarray pour la détection et la quantification de pathogènes humains émergents dans l'eau : legionella pneumophila et escherichia coli O157:H7." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20674.
Full textWaterborne pathogens could threat drinking water supply, water used for swimming, for agriculture, aquaculture and contaminate water network. L. Pneumophila and E. Coli 0157:H7 have emerged taking advantage of creating new hydric ecosystem by humans, due to modifications of food habits. These pathogens must be detected rapidly and at low doses because they have important health effects. The objective of this work was to develop, to evaluate, and to apply a macroarray allowing detection and quantification of Legionella, E. Coli O157:H7 in more or less complex water templates and in a realistic environmental concentration range. This rapid method should allow the use of monitoring systems in network water. It should also be adapted to alert systems and should reply to requirements of infectious risk control
Book chapters on the topic "Bactérie pathogène humaine"
ELIMARI, Nassim, and Gilles LAFARGUE. "Influence du système immunitaire comportemental sur la xénophobie et l’altruisme en temps de pandémie." In Les épidémies au prisme des SHS, 75–82. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5992.
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