Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bacterial studies

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bacterial studies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Chandiok, S., P. G. Fisk, and V. C. Riley. "Prostatitis—Clinical and Bacterial Studies." International Journal of STD & AIDS 3, no. 3 (May 1992): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249200300306.

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Forty men with clinical prostatitis were studied to determine the value of symptomatology and categorization and 30 (75%) were classified as having prostatitis on the basis of prostatic localization studies. Of these 3 (10%) had chronic bacterial prostatitis, 18 (60%) had chronic abacterial prostatitis, and 9 (30%) had prostatodynia. No patient had acute bacterial prostatitis. Although Enterobacteriaciae were isolated from the 3 men with chronic bacterial prostatitis, these bacteria along with Staphlococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Chlamydia trachomatis were isolated from a further 6 patients. The mean pH of the expressed prostatic secretion was measured for each group and was found to be 7.6 for those with chronic bacterial prostatitis, 7.1 for chronic abacterial prostatitis, 6.5 for prostatodynia, and 6.9 for those with urethritis suggesting that this test may be of value in the diagnosis of chronic bacterial prostatitis.
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Tamilarasan, G., M. Arumugam Pillai, and R. Kannan S. Merina Prem Kumari. "Genetic Diversity Studies in Rice for Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (August 31, 2018): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd15915.

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Agrawal, Payal, and Nikhilesh Kulkarni. "Studies on Bacterial Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Synergistic Antibacterial effect with antibiotics against Selected MDR Enteric Bacteria." International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research 4, no. 4 (July 2018): 1897–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.4.7.

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Tsuru, D., T. Yoshimoto, H. Yoshida, H. Kira, and J. Fukumoto. "STUDIES ON BACTERIAL PROTEASES." International Journal of Protein Research 2, no. 1-4 (January 9, 2009): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1970.tb01662.x.

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Tsuru, D., T. Yoshida, T. Hirose, T. Yoshimoto, and J. Fukumoto. "STUDIES ON BACTERIAL PROTEASES." International Journal of Protein Research 2, no. 1-4 (January 9, 2009): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1970.tb01683.x.

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Yoshimoto, Tadashi, Juichiro Fukumoto, and Daisuke Tsimut. "STUDIES ON BACTERIAL PROTEASES." International Journal of Protein Research 3, no. 1-4 (January 9, 2009): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1971.tb01722.x.

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Servais, P., G. Billen, P. Laurent, Y. Levi, and G. Randon. "Studies of BDOC and bacterial dynamics in the drinking water distribution system of the Northern Parisian suburbs." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5 (April 12, 2005): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705154ar.

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The deterioration of water quality in distribution systems due to bacterial regrowth is, at the present time, a major concern of drinking water producers. In this context, a good knowledge of the factors controlling bacterial development is required; the aim of the present study is to understand the rote of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in the bacterial dynamics of the distribution system. This paper discusses the results obtained in a study carried out in order to assess the dynamics of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon and suspended bacteria in the water distribution system of the Northern Parisian suburbs lad by the Méry-sur-Oise treatment plant. The results show clearly that a significant decrease in BDOC occurs within the smallest pipes, when the BDOC level in the finished water is higher than about 0.20 mgC.L-1. However, no decrease in BDOC is observed when the BDOC in the finished water is lower than 0.16 mgC.L-1. The bacterial abundance in the distribution system is primarily linked to the absence of free chicane. Temperature and BDOC concentration in the finished water are also major controlling factors of bacterial numbers. Bacterial growth rates are in the range 0.005 to 0.1 h-1 in the absence of free chlorine, the highest of these values are in the same range as the growth rates measured for bacteria in natural aquatic ecosystems. Fixed biomass to the inner pipes surface are in the range 0.25 to 0.65 µgC.cm-2 and the average growth rate of fixed bacteria seems to be roughly in the same order of magnitude as the average growth rate of the suspended bacteria. A model of the dynamics of BDOC and bacteria in distribution network, incorporating the knowledge gained from this and previous studies concerning the control of bacterial activity by dissolved organic matter, is presented. It involves a mathematical representation of the kinetics of bacterial adsorption-desorption processes, bacterial attachment, bacterial utilization of biodegradable dissolved organic matter and impact of chlorine on free and fixed bacteria. It allows simulation of the impact of reducing the BDOC in the finished water on processes associated with bacterial regrowth in the distribution network..
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Mularski, Anna, and Frances Separovic. "Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of the Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptides with Bacterial Cells." Australian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 2 (2017): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16425.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutic alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Many AMPs are membrane-active but their mode of action in killing bacteria or in inhibiting their growth remains elusive. Recent studies indicate the mechanism of action depends on peptide structure and lipid components of the bacterial cell membrane. Owing to the complexity of working with living cells, most of these studies have been conducted with synthetic membrane systems, which neglect the possible role of bacterial surface structures in these interactions. In recent years, atomic force microscopy has been utilized to study a diverse range of biological systems under non-destructive, physiologically relevant conditions that yield in situ biophysical measurements of living cells. This approach has been applied to the study of AMP interaction with bacterial cells, generating data that describe how the peptides modulate various biophysical behaviours of individual bacteria, including the turgor pressure, cell wall elasticity, bacterial capsule thickness, and organization of bacterial adhesins.
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Yaghoubi, Atieh, Majid Khazaei, Seyed Mahdi Hasanian, Amir Avan, William C. Cho, and Saman Soleimanpour. "Bacteriotherapy in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (November 23, 2019): 5880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235880.

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Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality among women around the world. Conventional treatments in the fight against breast cancer, such as chemotherapy, are being challenged regarding their effectiveness. Thus, strategies for the treatment of breast cancer need to be continuously refined to achieve a better patient outcome. We know that a number of bacteria are pathogenic and some are even associated with tumor development, however, recent studies have demonstrated interesting results suggesting some bacteria may have potential for cancer therapy. Therefore, the therapeutic role of bacteria has aroused attention in medical and pharmaceutical studies. Furthermore, genetic engineering has been used in bacterial therapy and may led to greater efficacy with few side effects. Some genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are more successful due to their selectivity for cancer cells but with low toxicity for normal cells. Some live, attenuated, or genetically modified bacterias are capable to multiply in tumors and inhibit their growth. This article aims to review the role of bacteria and their products including bacterial peptides, bacteriocins, and toxins for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Ebenfelt, Anders. "Bacterial Location in Chronic Sinusitis." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 5 (September 2005): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900507.

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Background In chronic nonallergic sinusitis, it is often assumed that bacteria invade the sinus mucosa where the inflammatory condition begins and is maintained. However, the bacterial presence in a normal or moderately damaged epithelial layer has never been proved in biopsy studies. Methods In this study, mucosal samples from six consecutive patients with chronic sinusitis were examined. Transmission electron microscopy was used and the presence of bacterial invasion and formation of phagosomes containing bacteria as a marker of host response were studied. Results Phagocytosis of bacteria was observed in the sinus mucosa in samples from only one patient. In the other five patients, no signs of phagocytosis were seen. Conclusion Based on these results, we concluded that in chronic sinusitis, bacterial invasion in sinus mucosa is not an obligatory phenomenon.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Leigh, J. A. "Studies on bacterial dehalogenases." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376092.

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Stenbäck, Anders. "Studies of Experimental Bacterial Translocation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Surgical Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5933.

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One of the main obstacles to maintaining patients with short bowel syndrome on parenteral nutrition, or successfully transplanting these patients with a small bowel graft, is the many severe infections that occur. Evidence is accumulating that translocating bacteria from the patient’s bowel causes a significant part of these infections. In this thesis bacterial translocation is studied in a Thiry-Vella loop of defunctionalised small bowel in the rat.

Bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) occurs in almost 100% of the rats after three days. No systemic spread of bacteria is observed unless there is additional immunosupression with depletion of Kupffer cells in the liver. However, blocking the function of α/β T cells does not increase the translocation. Removal of MLNs does not either aggravate bacterial translocation in the Thiry-Vella loop model. Conversely, after small bowel transplantation translocating bacteria spread systemically if the MLNs are removed.

The Thiry-Vella loop should also be a suitable model for the testing of potentially translocation-inhibiting substances. Reinforcement of the intestinal barrier with glutamine or phosphatidylcholine proved insufficient in decreasing bacterial translocation. Even selective bowel decontamination with tobramycin failed to abolish bacterial translocation. Thus, it seems that the driving force for translocation in this model is strong regardless of the relatively small trauma of intestinal defunctionalisation.

Flow cytometric studies of the immune cells in the spleen MLNs showed a decrease in MHC class II positive T cells in the MLNs of the Thiry-Vella loop. Concurrently the number of macrophages increased with time as observed by immunohistochemistry. The fraction of MHC class II negative macrophages increased in the spleens of rats treated with glutamine.

In conclusion, the Thiry-Vella loop model offers possibilities of immunological as well as mechanistic studies on bacterial translocation from small intestine.

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Chiu, Cecilia P. C. "Crystallographic studies of bacterial sialyltransferases." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31274.

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Sialic acids terminate oligosaccharide chains on the surfaces of mammalian cells and many microbial species, often playing critical biological roles in recognition and adherence. The enzymes which transfer the sialic acid moiety to these key terminal positions are known as sialyltransferases. Despite their important biological roles very little is understood about the mechanism of action or molecular structure of these enzymes. Campylobacter jejuni, a highly prevalent food-borne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans, contains two versions of a sialyltransferase: a monofunctional α-2,3-sialyltransferase Cst-I and a bifunctional α-2,3/8-sialyltransferase Cst-II. Both of these enzymes are responsible for lipooligosaccharides (LOS) sialylation to camouflage the bacterial surface from the host, and thus evade the immune system. In addition, sialylated-glycoconjugates on C. jejuni often mimic human gangliosides, contributing to the molecular basis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, an autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system that often develops post-infection. The sialyltransferase reaction is believed to proceed through an inversion mechanism, catalyzing the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid onto different acceptors. This thesis is to understand through high-resolution structural characterization, site specific mutagenesis and kinetic analysis, the mechanism of the glycosyl transfer(s) in both monofunctional and bifunctional Csts. Crystals of Cst-II were obtained and the complex structures with bound CMP, inert donor sugar analogue CMP-3-fluoro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-3FNeu5Ac) and inhibitor CDP were solved using MAD phasing from incorporated selenomethionines. Work within this study represents the first known structure of a sialyltransferase. Based on the position of the substrates, the active site of Cst-II has been elucidated. Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved residues in the active site was performed and mutants were characterized using enzyme kinetics. A reaction mechanism was proposed based on the kinetic assay. A directed evolution methodology was designed for glycosyltransferases using Cst-II as the model system. A single mutation, F91Y was found to substantially increase the reaction rate of the enzyme with a fluorescent-coupled acceptor, bodipy-lactose. The crystal structure of this Cst-II F91Y mutant was solved and it revealed an unexpected flip of the tyrosine side chain of Y91 from the core of the enzyme into the solvent region, exposing a hydrophobic pocket which seems to be capable of accommodating the bodipy ring structure. Together with kinetic analyses, the crystallographic study was able to explain the observed increase in the catalytic rate for this novel sugar acceptor. A monofunctional variant of Cst, Cst-I, also isolated from Campylobacter jejuni, was characterized crystallographically and kinetically. The conservation of active site residues supports the proposed mechanism for GT-42 sialyltransferases. The complex structure of the Cst-I enzyme with the donor analogue CMP-3FNeu5Ac provides a platform for molecular modeling of various acceptors into the active sites of Cst-I and Cst-II. The modeling shed lights upon the understanding of differences in substrate specificity. The structures of these complexes will be used as templates to design therapeutic inhibitors against this common human pathogen.
Medicine, Faculty of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of
Graduate
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Stenbäck, Anders. "Studies of experimental bacterial translocation /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5933.

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Cordes, Frank Stephan. "Biophysical studies of bacterial pathogenesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404113.

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Briggs, David Christopher. "Structural studies of bacterial toxins." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414899.

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Wilkins, G. M. "Studies on bacterial gene transposition." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383407.

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Lynch, Anthony Simon. "Studies of bacterial DNA topoisomerases." Thesis, University of York, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329651.

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Di, Ilio C. "Studies on bacterial glutathione transferase." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333472.

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Hidese, Ryota. "Studies on Bacterial Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenases." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142342.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第16144号
農博第1880号
新制||農||991(附属図書館)
学位論文||H23||N4614(農学部図書室)
28723
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)准教授 栗原 達夫, 教授 小川 順, 教授 阪井 康能
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Books on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Smith, D. T. Studies on thermophilic bacterial lipases. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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Wilkins, Gary Mark. Studies on bacterial gene transposition. [s.l.]: typescript, 1987.

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Hengge-Aronis, Regine. Studies of secretion of periplasmic proteins in Escherichia coli. Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 1986.

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Chessman, Myles Richard. Spectroscopic studies of nickel ions in bacterial proteins. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1988.

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Medicine Publishing Foundation (Great Britain), ed. Resistance in Gram-positive bacteria: Implications for the economics of treatment :proceedings of a meeting held in Edinburgh, UK, 14-16 April 1994. Oxford: Medicine Publishing Foundation, 1995.

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Schweda, Elke. Structural studies of some bacterial lipopolysaccharides and NMR and conformational studies of some mono- and disaccharide derivatives. Stockholm: Dept. of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, 1987.

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Holmgren, Anders. Structural studies of PapD, a chaperone protein involved in pili assembly, from E. coli. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1993.

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Colby, Susan Mary. Pathogenicity studies on verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli: Bacterial adhesion, toxin expression and uptake. [s.l.]: typescript, 1993.

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Adriaens, Patrick A. Bacterial invasion in hard tissues of periodontally diseased teeth: Structural and cultural studies. Ghent, Belgium: P.A. Adriaens, 1988.

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Hamish, McKenzie, ed. Infectious disease. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Chróst, Ryszard J., and Hakumat Rai. "Bacterial Secondary Production." In Ecological Studies, 92–117. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2606-2_5.

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Friedrich, Michael W. "Bacterial Communities on Macroalgae." In Ecological Studies, 189–201. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28451-9_10.

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McKinlay, James B., and Caroline S. Harwood. "Applications of Stress Response Studies: Biofuel Production." In Bacterial Stress Responses, 473–80. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816841.ch29.

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Winardhi, Ricksen S., and Jie Yan. "Applications of Magnetic Tweezers to Studies of NAPs." In The Bacterial Nucleoid, 173–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7098-8_14.

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Brown, Mostyn T. "Bacterial Flagellar Motor: Biophysical Studies." In Encyclopedia of Biophysics, 155. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16712-6_200.

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Golding, I., I. Cohen, and E. Ben-Jacob. "Studies of Bacterial Cooperative Organization." In Traffic and Granular Flow ’99, 135–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59751-0_13.

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Smith, J. J., G. N. Kibata, Z. K. Murimi, K. Y. Lum, E. Fernandez-Northcote, L. C. Offord, and G. S. Saddler. "Biogeographic Studies on Ralstonia solanacearum Race 1 and 3 by Genomic Fingerprinting." In Bacterial Wilt Disease, 50–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03592-4_7.

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Goebel, Brett M., and Erko Stackebrandt. "The Biotechnological Importance of Molecular Biodiversity Studies for Metal Bioleaching." In Bacterial Diversity and Systematics, 259–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1869-3_15.

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Tai, P. C. "Biochemical Studies of Bacterial Protein Export." In Protein Secretion and Export in Bacteria, 43–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71251-7_5.

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Thwaites, R., S. Eden-Green, J. Mansfield, and S. Seal. "Studies on the Molecular Basis for Pathogenicity and Host Specificity in Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum Pathogenic to Banana." In Bacterial Wilt Disease, 192–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03592-4_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Zinth, W., M. C. Nuss, and W. Kaiser. "Femtosecond Studies of Bacterial Photosynthesis." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1986.wa2.

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Time resolved experiments are performed in two photosynthetic systems which differ completely in their functional and structural properties. Reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas viridis and bacteriorhodopsin are studied after excitation with femtosecond light pulses.
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Drengenes, Christine, Harald Wiker, Tharmini Kalananthan, Tomas Eagan, and Rune Grønseth. "Bacterial load and contamination in lung microbiota studies." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa956.

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Pathikulangara, David J., and Deep N. Tripathi. "Polarization studies of polystyrene particles and bacterial strains." In Photonics West '95, edited by Britton Chance and Robert R. Alfano. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.210020.

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Radojević, Ivana, Aleksandar Ostojić, and Nenad Stefanović. "APPLICATION OF DATA MINING IN THE ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IN DIFFERENT RESERVOIRS." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.186r.

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Using data mining techniques, this study analyzes the influence and dependance of bacterial communities that are determined in routine monitoring of open water quality status, such as heterotrophic bacteria (psychrophiles and mesophiles). The SeLaR database was used, which, in addition to various studies of integrated data related to the reservoirs of Serbia, is the basis for advanced data analysis – utilizing statistical methods and data mining. Data for reservoirs with different morphometric qualities, different positions, trophic status, and dominant bacterial community were analyzed. In this research, classification, and analysis of influential parameters, as well as scenario analysis was applied. The results indicate that a designed data mining system can analyze the state and influence of bacterial communities with different parameters that are determined both in standard routine analysis, and in some more specialized studies. This study showed that designed data mining system can serve as flexible, effective, and practical tool for monitoring water quality using bacterial communities in reservoirs.
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Smith-Palmer, Truis, Christophe Sandt, David Pink, P. M. Champion, and L. D. Ziegler. "Confocal Raman Microspectroscopic Studies on Living Hydrated Bacterial Biofilms." In XXII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3482555.

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Xie, X., M. Du, S. J. Rosenthal, T. J. DiMagno, M. E. Schmidt, J. R. Norris, and G. R. Fleming. "Femtosecond Spontaneous Fluorescence Studies of Photosynthetic Bacterial Reaction Centers." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1992.mc9.

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The mechanism of the initial electron transfer step in the reaction center of photosynthetic bacteria has been the subject of intense study over the past 10 years. This initial step is ultrafast, occurring in about 3 ps at room temperature [1]. As the understanding of the reaction center improves the need arises for more precise kinetic data. In particular, questions arise to the exponentiality of the observed kinetic signals [2], the possibility of differing behavior at different wavelengths [3], the existence of oscillatory components [2], and of spectral shifts accompanying the excitation and subsequent electron transfer processes. We measured the spontaneous fluorescence decay of P* in Rb. Sphaeroidis R26, Rb. Capsulatus, and mutantsof Rb. Capsulatus using the upconversion technique. For all samples QA was chemically reduced with the exception of the Rb. Sphaeroidis R26 sample for which the quinone was removed. The Rb. Spaeroidis R26 quinone removed measurements with both direct excitation of P at 850 nm and indirect excitation through internal conversion from PQX and energy transfer from BChl excited at 608 nm. All other samples were excited @ 850 nm. Excitation at 608 nm was provided by an antiresonant ring dye laser amplified at 100 Khz by a YAG regen yielding 60 fs pulses [4]. Experiments using 850 nm excitation were performed with a Coherent Mira 900 F Ti sapphire laser operating at 76 MHz with 95 fs pulses [5]. The instrument response functions at 940 nm emission for the two apparatus is ~180 fs. A typical data set is shown in Figure 1. All the samples showed nonexponential decay (see Figure 1) which could be adequately fit by a sum of two exponentials. The shorter component compares very well with the single components determined by stimulated emission [6]. However, the improved dynamic range and absence of other components (excited state absorption and ground state bleaching) make the nonexponentiality very clear. With 850 nm excitation we were unable to detect a risetime for fluorescence at 940 nm. With 610 nm excitation a risetime of 200 fs is apparent (Figure 2). This risetime results from a combination of energy transfer from the accessory pigments and electronic relaxation with the special pair manifold.
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Martel, Sylvain, Mahmood Mohammadi, and Nisryn Mokrani. "Switching Between Magnetic or Oxigen Sensory Input for the MC-1 Flagellated Bacteria to be Used for Controlling the Motion of Swarms of Bacterial Microscale Nanorobots." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13302.

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Our previous studies have shown that the flagellated nanomotors combined with the nanometer-sized chain of magnetosomes of a single Magnetotactic Bacterium (MTB) can be used as an effective integrated propulsion and steering system for microscale nanorobots. In this case, magnetotaxis has been exploited to control the swimming direction of the flagellated bacteria. This was done by inducing a directional torque on the chain of magnetosomes embedded in each bacterial cell. This approach allowed us to control swarms of flagellated bacteria of type MC-1 to accomplish relatively complex computer coordinated tasks such as micro-assemblies and drug deliveries, to name but only two examples. But the motion of each cell can also be influenced by other sensory means besides magnetotaxis, and includes chemotaxis, phototaxis, and aerotaxis. Here we show examples of MC-1 flagellated bacteria being controlled by magnetotaxis or aerotaxis. It is then demonstrated that these flagellated bacteria can not only provide an effective propulsion and steering system for future bio-nanorobots but also various sensory means capable of influencing their motions and swarm formations.
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Panecka, Joanna, and Joanna Trylska. "Molecular dynamics techniques in the studies of the bacterial ribosome." In THEORY AND APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY: THE FIRST DECADE OF THE SECOND MILLENNIUM: International Congress TACC-2012. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4730661.

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Maltseva, S. V., A. S. Yakubovich, E. R. Gritskevitch, I. E. Buchenkov, and A. G. Sysa. "ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SOILS UNDER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION IN RELATION TO COLIMORPHOUS BACTERIA." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-299-302.

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This paper presents the results of studies of the antagonistic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus cereus) under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation in relation to bacteria of the E. coli group. It was found that bacteria of the genus Bacillus exhibit antagonistic activity of varying degrees of severity. It was found that the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus mycoides showed a high level of antagonistic activity. Low antagonistic activity was characteristic of Bacillus cereus bacteria.
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"Evolution of Bacterial Genome under Changing Mutational Pressure - Computer Simulation Studies." In International Conference on Bioinformatics Models, Methods and Algorithms. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004192802720277.

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Reports on the topic "Bacterial studies"

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Volkman, Brian Finley. Structural studies of bacterial transcriptional regulatory proteins by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/67729.

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Johnson, S. Spectral hole burning and flourescence studies of a synthetic chlorophyll dimer, a bacterial antenna system and a bacterial reaction center. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6994515.

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Maltz, Lauren. Structural Studies of Bacterial Enzymes and their Relation to Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms - Final Paper. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1213135.

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Maltz, Lauren. Structural Studies of Bacterial Enzymes and their Relation to Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms - General Abstract. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1213137.

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Splitter, Gary, and Menachem Banai. Microarray Analysis of Brucella melitensis Pathogenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7709884.bard.

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Original Objectives 1. To determine the Brucella genes that lead to chronic macrophage infection. 2. To identify Brucella genes that contribute to infection. 3. To confirm the importance of Brucella genes in macrophages and placental cells by mutational analysis. Background Brucella spp. is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium that infects ruminants causing abortion or birth of severely debilitated animals. Brucellosis continues in Israel, caused by B. melitensis despite an intensive eradication campaign. Problems with the Rev1 vaccine emphasize the need for a greater understanding of Brucella pathogenesis that could improve vaccine designs. Virulent Brucella has developed a successful strategy for survival in its host and transmission to other hosts. To invade the host, virulent Brucella establishes an intracellular niche within macrophages avoiding macrophage killing, ensuring its long-term survival. Then, to exit the host, Brucella uses placenta where it replicates to high numbers resulting in abortion. Also, Brucella traffics to the mammary gland where it is secreted in milk. Missing from our understanding of brucellosis is the surprisingly lillie basic information detailing the mechanisms that permit bacterial persistence in infected macrophages (chronic infection) and dissemination to other animals from infected placental cells and milk (acute infection). Microarray analysis is a powerful approach to determine global gene expression in bacteria. The close genomic similarities of Brucella species and our recent comparative genomic studies of Brucella species using our B. melitensis microarray, suqqests that the data obtained from studying B. melitensis 16M would enable understanding the pathogenicity of other Brucella organisms, particularly the diverse B. melitensis variants that confound Brucella eradication in Israel. Conclusions Results from our BARD studies have identified previously unknown mechanisms of Brucella melitensis pathogenesis- i.e., response to blue light, quorum sensing, second messenger signaling by cyclic di-GMP, the importance of genomic island 2 for lipopolysaccharide in the outer bacterial membrane, and the role of a TIR domain containing protein that mimics a host intracellular signaling molecule. Each one of these pathogenic mechanisms offers major steps in our understanding of Brucella pathogenesis. Strikingly, our molecular results have correlated well to the pathognomonic profile of the disease. We have shown that infected cattle do not elicit antibodies to the organisms at the onset of infection, in correlation to the stealth pathogenesis shown by a molecular approach. Moreover, our field studies have shown that Brucella exploit this time frame to transmit in nature by synchronizing their life cycle to the gestation cycle of their host succumbing to abortion in the last trimester of pregnancy that spreads massive numbers of organisms in the environment. Knowing the bacterial mechanisms that contribute to the virulence of Brucella in its host has initiated the agricultural opportunities for developing new vaccines and diagnostic assays as well as improving control and eradication campaigns based on herd management and linking diagnosis to the pregnancy status of the animals. Scientific and Agricultural Implications Our BARD funded studies have revealed important Brucella virulence mechanisms of pathogenesis. Our publication in Science has identified a highly novel concept where Brucella utilizes blue light to increase its virulence similar to some plant bacterial pathogens. Further, our studies have revealed bacterial second messengers that regulate virulence, quorum sensing mechanisms permitting bacteria to evaluate their environment, and a genomic island that controls synthesis of its lipopolysaccharide surface. Discussions are ongoing with a vaccine company for application of this genomic island knowledge in a Brucella vaccine by the U.S. lab. Also, our new technology of bioengineering bioluminescent Brucella has resulted in a spin-off application for diagnosis of Brucella infected animals by the Israeli lab by prioritizing bacterial diagnosis over serological diagnosis.
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Gottlieb, Yuval, Bradley Mullens, and Richard Stouthamer. investigation of the role of bacterial symbionts in regulating the biology and vector competence of Culicoides vectors of animal viruses. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699865.bard.

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Symbiotic bacteria have been shown to influence host reproduction and defense against biotic and abiotic stressors, and this relates to possible development of a symbiont-based control strategy. This project was based on the hypothesis that symbionts have a significant impact on Culicoides fitness and vector competence for animal viruses. The original objectives in our proposal were: 1. Molecular identification and localization of the newly-discovered symbiotic bacteria within C. imicola and C. schultzei in Israel and C. sonorensis in California. 2. Determination of the prevalence of symbiotic bacteria within different vector Culicoides populations. 3. Documentation of specific symbiont effects on vector reproduction and defense: 3a) test for cytoplasmic incompatibility in Cardinium-infected species; 3b) experimentally evaluate the role of the symbiont on infection or parasitism by key Culicoides natural enemies (iridescent virus and mermithid nematode). 4. Testing the role(s) of the symbionts in possible protection against infection of vector Culicoides by BTV. According to preliminary findings and difficulties in performing experimental procedures performed in other insect symbiosis systems where insect host cultures are easily maintained, we modified the last two objectives as follows: Obj. 3, we tested how symbionts affected general fitness of Israeli Culicoides species, and thoroughly described and evaluated the correlation between American Culicoides and their bacterial communities in the field. We also tried alternative methods to test symbiont-Culicoides interactions and launched studies to characterize low-temperature stress tolerances of the main US vector, which may be related to symbionts. Obj. 4, we tested the correlation between EHDV (instead of BTV) aquisition and Cardinium infection. Culicoides-bornearboviral diseases are emerging or re-emerging worldwide, causing direct and indirect economic losses as well as reduction in animal welfare. One novel strategy to reduce insects’ vectorial capacity is by manipulating specific symbionts to affect vector fitness or performance of the disease agent within. Little was known on the bacterial tenants occupying various Culicoides species, and thus, this project was initiated with the above aims. During this project, we were able to describe the symbiont Cardinium and whole bacterial communities in Israeli and American Culicoides species respectively. We showed that Cardinium infection prevalence is determined by land surface temperature, and this may be important to the larval stage. We also showed no patent significant effect of Cardinium on adult fitness parameters. We showed that the bacterial community in C. sonorensis varies significantly with the host’s developmental stage, but it varies little across multiple wastewater pond environments. This may indicate some specific biological interactions and allowed us to describe a “core microbiome” for C. sonorensis. The final set of analyses that include habitat sample is currently done, in order to separate the more intimately-associated bacteria from those inhabiting the gut contents or cuticle surface (which also could be important). We were also able to carefully study other biological aspects of Culicoides and were able to discriminate two species in C. schultzei group in Israel, and to investigate low temperature tolerances of C. sonorensis that may be related to symbionts. Scientific implications include the establishment of bacterial identification and interactions in Culicoides (our work is cited in other bacteria-Culicoides studies), the development molecular identification of C. schultzei group, and the detailed description of the microbiome of the immature and matched adult stages of C. sonorensis. Agricultural implications include understanding of intrinsic factors that govern Culicoides biology and population regulation, which may be relevant for vector control or reduction in pathogen transmission. Being able to precisely identify Culicoides species is central to understanding Culicoides borne disease epidemiology.
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Wang, Lijun. Studies of the structure and function of Mms6, a bacterial protein that promotes the formation of magnetic nanoparticles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1029600.

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Xiao, Yong, Xiaojun Min, and Huixia Xiao. Bacterial and viral infection‐related risk of autoimmune thyroid disease: Meta‐analysis of cohort and case–control studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0051.

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Crowley, David E., Dror Minz, and Yitzhak Hadar. Shaping Plant Beneficial Rhizosphere Communities. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594387.bard.

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PGPR bacteria include taxonomically diverse bacterial species that function for improving plant mineral nutrition, stress tolerance, and disease suppression. A number of PGPR are being developed and commercialized as soil and seed inoculants, but to date, their interactions with resident bacterial populations are still poorly understood, and-almost nothing is known about the effects of soil management practices on their population size and activities. To this end, the original objectives of this research project were: 1) To examine microbial community interactions with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their plant hosts. 2) To explore the factors that affect PGPR population size and activity on plant root surfaces. In our original proposal, we initially prqposed the use oflow-resolution methods mainly involving the use of PCR-DGGE and PLFA profiles of community structure. However, early in the project we recognized that the methods for studying soil microbial communities were undergoing an exponential leap forward to much more high resolution methods using high-throughput sequencing. The application of these methods for studies on rhizosphere ecology thus became a central theme in these research project. Other related research by the US team focused on identifying PGPR bacterial strains and examining their effective population si~es that are required to enhance plant growth and on developing a simulation model that examines the process of root colonization. As summarized in the following report, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to determine the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident versus active communities. Results of our studies showed a distinct plant host specific signature among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (I) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (2) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (3)the level of contribution of active (rRNA-based) populations to the resident (DNA-based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA-RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This research demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations. Based on the studies from the US team, we suggest that the effective population size PGPR should be maintained at approximately 105 cells per gram of rhizosphere soil in the zone of elongation to obtain plant growth promotion effects, but emphasize that it is critical to also consider differences in the activity based on DNA-RNA correspondence. The results ofthis research provide fundamental new insight into the composition ofthe bacterial communities associated with plant roots, and the factors that affect their abundance and activity on root surfaces. Virtually all PGPR are multifunctional and may be expected to have diverse levels of activity with respect to production of plant growth hormones (regulation of root growth and architecture), suppression of stress ethylene (increased tolerance to drought and salinity), production of siderophores and antibiotics (disease suppression), and solubilization of phosphorus. The application of transcriptome methods pioneered in our research will ultimately lead to better understanding of how management practices such as use of compost and soil inoculants can be used to improve plant yields, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. As we look to the future, the use of metagenomic techniques combined with quantitative methods including microarrays, and quantitative peR methods that target specific genes should allow us to better classify, monitor, and manage the plant rhizosphere to improve crop yields in agricultural ecosystems. In addition, expression of several genes in rhizospheres of both cucumber and whet roots were identified, including mostly housekeeping genes. Denitrification, chemotaxis and motility genes were preferentially expressed in wheat while in cucumber roots bacterial genes involved in catalase, a large set of polysaccharide degradation and assimilatory sulfate reduction genes were preferentially expressed.
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Wackett, Lawrence, Raphi Mandelbaum, and Michael Sadowsky. Bacterial Mineralization of Atrazine as a Model for Herbicide Biodegradation: Molecular and Applied Aspects. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7695835.bard.

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Atrazine is a broadly used herbicide in agriculture and it was used here as a model to study the biodegradation of herbicides. The bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ADP metabolizes atrazine to carbon dioxide and ammonia and chloride. The genes encoding atrazine catabolism to cyanuric acid were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The genes were designated atzA, atzB and atzC. Each gene was sequenced. The enzyme activities were characterized. AtzA is atrazine chlorohydrolase which takes atrazine to hydroxyatrizine. AtzB is hydroxyatrazine N-ethylaminohydrolase which produces N-isopropylammelide and N-ethylamine. AtzC is N-isopropylammelide N-isopropylaminohydrolase which produces cyanuric acid and N-isopropylamine. Each product was isolated and characterized to confirm their identity by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Sequence analysis indicated that each of the hydrolytic enzymes AtzA, AtzB and AtzC share identity which the aminohydrolase protein superfamily. Atrazine chlorohydrolase was purified to homogeneity. It was shown to have a kcat of 11 s-1 and a KM of 150 uM. It was shown to require a metal ion, either Fe(II), Mn(II) or Co(II), for activity. The atzA, atzB and atzC genes were shown to reside on a broad-host range plasmid in Pseudomonas sp. ADP. Six other recently isolated atrazine-degrading bacteria obtained from Europe and the United States contained homologs to the atz genes identified in Pseudomonas sp. ADP. The identity of the sequences were very high, being greater than 98% in all pairwise comparisons. This indicates that many atrazine-degrading bacteria worldwide metabolize atrazine via a pathway that proceeds through hydroxyatrazine, a metabolite which is non-phytotoxic and non-toxic to mammals. Enzymes were immobilized and used for degradation of atrazine in aqueous phases. The in-depth understanding of the genomics and biochemistry of the atrazine mineralization pathway enabled us to study factors affecting the prevalence of atrazine degradation in various agricultural soils under conservative and new agricultural practices. Moreover, Pseudomonas sp. ADP and/or its enzymes were added to atrazine-contaminated soils, aquifers and industrial wastewater to increase the rate and extent of atrazine biodegradation above that of untreated environments. Our studies enhance the ability to control the fate of regularly introduced pesticides in agriculture, or to reduce the environmental impact of unintentional releases.
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