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Pattani, Vivek B. "Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Bacteria Isolated from Forest and Coastal Regions of Saurashtra, Gujarat, India." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc//15.1.22.
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The haphazard application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes tremendous damage to ecosystems and all biota. One of the most effective ways to tackle the threat is to use biofertilizer. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are an important bacterial source for microbial fertilizers that can boost agricultural yields by encouraging plant growth. Bacterial isolates isolated from Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India were analysed for their capability to solubilize inorganic 'P' from tri calcium phosphate and production of indole acetic acid (IAA) quantitatively by bacterial. Production of ammonia, siderophore and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) by selected bacteria isolates was analysed. Biochemical characterization of selected bacterial isolates was done using Vitek 2 Compact system. Isolate GFS15C2 showed highest amount of phosphate solubilization, followed by isolate GFS07C1 and GFS01C1. Bacterial isolate GFS15C2 produced highest amount of IAA. All bacterial isolates were able produce ammonia. Eight bacteria isolates were be to produce HCN. Siderophore was produced by 14 bacterial isolates. In biochemical characterization all the bacterial isolates were able to use D-glucose. Based on biochemical characters clustering of bacteria isolates was done using Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis(PAST). Using cluster analysis by euclidean distance method based on biochemical characterization isolates GFS16C2 & SCS12C3 was found to have distinct characters than other isolates. The present study attempts to characterize PGPB which could be harnessed to improve plant growth. Several phosphate solubilizers and IAA producers also showed production of siderophores and HCN which suggests that these organisms do possess biocontrol ability. These PGPB microbial inoculants can be utilized to improve agricultural systems or as an alternate means of environmentally friendly plant disease biocontrol.
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RINA, NURFITRIANI, NI PUTU RATNA AYU KRISHANTI, ALINA AKHDIYA, and ARIS TRI WAHYUDI. "Penapisan Bakteri Filosfer Penghasil Senyawa Bioaktif Anti Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Padi." Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati 2, no. 1 (November 14, 2016): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jsdh.2.1.19-24.
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Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the important diseases in rice crops in Indonesia. The disease is difficult to be controlled since it attacks the rice plant at different growth stages such as tillering, flowering and ripening. One of the alternatives that could be used to control the disease is by using phyllosphere bacteria as the biocontrol agents. This study aims to isolate, characterize and screen the rice phyllosphere bacteria producing bioactive compounds against Xoo. Phyllosphere bacteria isolated from healthy leaves of rice var. Ciherang by using 4 different media obtained 285 bacterial isolates which were consisted of the 65 isolates of King’s B agar, 86 isolates of Nutrient agar, 81 isolates of Luria-Bertani agar, and 53 isolates of Trypticase Soy agar media. Antagonist test using double layer method showed 58 isolates of phyllosphere bacteria produced bioactive compounds that inhibited the growth of Xoo. Pathogenicity test agaist rice leaf revealed 18 bacterial isolates did not perform their potencies as pathogenic bacteria. Among the 18 non-phytopathogenic bacterial isolates, 14 isolates belong to Gram-positive bacteria and 4 isolates belong to Gram-negative bacteria. Five isolates among Gram positive bacteria were predicted as Bacillus genera.
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Abdullah Al-Kubaisy, Abdullah Kamel, and Huriya Hussein AlJuboori. "Evaluation of Inhibition Efficiency of Some Bacteria Isolated from Greenhouse Soils on the Growth of the Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that Causes White Rot Disease on Vegetables in the Laboratory." Arab Journal for Plant Protection 40, no. 2 (2022): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22268/ajpp-40.2.140147.
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Al-Kubaisy, A.K.A. and H.H. Al-Juboor. 2022. Evaluation of Inhibition Efficiency of Some Bacteria Isolated from Greenhouse Soils on the Growth of the Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that Causes White Rot Disease on Vegetables in the Laboratory. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 140-147. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.2.140147 This study aimed to isolate beneficial bacteria from the soil of plastic houses planted with eggplant and cucumber at different locations of Baghdad Governorate and characterize them molecularly in addition to determining their antagonistic ability to inhibit six isolates of the pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of white rot disease. The isolation results showed that 18 different bacterial isolates were obtained from several fields in Baghdad governorate. Bacterial isolates showed antagonistic ability towards six isolates of the pathogenic fungus S. sclerotiorum (ScE1, ScE2, ScE3, ScE4, ScC1 and ScC2), and the inhibition rate ranged between 84.25 and 93.75%. The two bacterial isolates BE1 and BE6 excelled in plastic houses grown with eggplant plants, and the inhibition rate of the fungal pathogen reached 93.75%. Whereas, the bacterial isolate BC9 isolated from soils planted with cucumber plants achieved the highest inhibition rate of all fungal isolates, except isolate ScE1, which reached 84.25%. Bacterial isolates were identified molecularly and they were registered in the GenBank under accession numbers MZ436922, MZ436923, MZ436921 and MZ436920 for the isolates of Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Keywords: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, biological control, molecular identification, eggplant
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Febriani, Heni, Bernadeta Octavia, and Enny Zulaika. "PHENETIC DIVERSITY OF CELLULASE-PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM WANA TIRTA KULON PROGO MANGROVE FOREST." Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) 1, no. 1 (December 26, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ijobi.v1i1.114.
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Mangrove is an ecosystem that have important value for the environment and are a source of cellulase-producing microorganism biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and types, as well as the highest cellulase enzyme activity from cellulase-producing bacteria found in Wana Tirta Mangrove Forest, Jangkaran, Kulon Progo.
This research is a descriptive-exploratory research. Sampling in the form of litter, mud and water was carried out in the Wana Tirta Kulon Mangrove Forest which was divided into 3 plots. This sample is then isolated on selective media in the form of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) In order to grow cellulolytic bacteria. The bacteria obtained are then purified and phenetic characterization. The data obtained were used to classify the bacterial isolates using MVSP identification software (Multivariate Statistical Package) 3.1 with UPGMA clustering algorithm (Unweight Pair Group Method With Arithmatic Averages) then the result is presented in the form of a dendogram.
Result Research shows as many as 17 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria were obtained. There were 4 bacterial isolates from litter samples, 1 bacterial isolate from water samples and 12 bacterial isolates from mud samples. After being made in the form of a dendogram, 19 bacterial clusters were obtained. A total of 6 bacterial isolates had a similarity index of ≥ 72% against Bacillus pumilus namely isolates S1A 2, S2A, AL 3, AP 3, AP 6 and AP 17, 4 bacterial isolates have a similarity index of ≥ 70% to Bacillus stearothermophyllus namely AP 22, AP 24, AP 25, and AP 26 isolates. As well as 7 bacterial isolates have a similarity index of ≥ 77% against Streptomyces Sp. namely isolates S1A 1, S3B, AP 8, AP 9, AP 14, AP 20 and AP 27.The highest cellulase enzyme activity occurred in AP 14 bacterial isolate of 286.72 U / ml.
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Nurikhsanti, Mikiyal, Lalu Zulkifli, Dewa Ayu Citra Rasmi, and Prapti Sedijani. "Antagonistic Test of Bacteria Producing Siderophore and Protease Enzymes from The Rhizosfer of Peanut Plants on The Growth of Pathogenic Fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 24, no. 1 (January 17, 2024): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6459.
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This study aims to determine the inhibitory effect of bacterial isolates producing siderophores and protease enzymes on the growth of the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The initial stage of research begins with the isolation of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and is followed by testing the production of siderophores and protease enzymes. Bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of peanut plants, while pathogenic fungi were isolated from large chili fruit infected with anthracnose disease taken from Jelantik Village, Central Lombok Regency. Characterization of isolates for siderophore production used the Arnow method, while the protease enzyme production test used SKIM Milk Agar media. Next, the inhibition test of bacterial isolates against pathogenic fungi was carried out using the dual culture method. Characterization of potential isolates was carried out by observing bacterial colony morphology, gram staining and biochemical tests. The results of the siderophore production test showed that there was one isolate capable of producing siderophores with the isolate code RKT2. Meanwhile, the protease enzyme production test showed that all bacterial isolates produced protease enzymes, where isolate RKT9 had the highest Proteolytic Index, namely 1.57. The two isolates showed different inhibitory test results, namely isolate RKT2 had high inhibition, while RKT9 had low inhibition. The results of the research showed that a bacterial isolate (RKT2) from the rhizosphere of peanut plants was able to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in the high category.
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Nurhasnah, Nurhasnah, Media Roza, Milya Sari, and Kencanawati Kencanawati. "Antimicrobial Potential Of Endophyte Bacteria In Angsana Plants (Pterocarpus indicus Willd)." Bioscience 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/0202371121349-0-00.
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The discovery of antimicrobial active compounds is one of the pressing things in the world of medicine and the pharmaceutical industry, due to the increasing and widespread resistance of pathogenic bacteria to existing antimicrobials. Angsana plant (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd) has been shown to have efficacy as a drug, so it has the potential to be used as a source of natural antibiotics. This study aims to find out the types of endophytes in various parts of the Angsana plant (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) through macroscopic and microscopic identification and find out the activity of antimicrobial compound-producing endophye bacteria in Angsana plants. Bacterial purification techniques use streak plate and spread plate methods. Antimicrobial activity tests are carried out using diffusion methods by means of point inoculation. The results showed 29 isolates of endophye bacteria isolated from the Angsana plant (Pterocarpus indicus Willd). From the roots as many as 11 isolates, stems as many as 12 isolates, and leaves as many as 6 isolates. The result of Gram staining of Angsana plant endophyte bacteria, obtained 22 bacterial isolates including Gram positive and 7 is Gram negative. There were 21 bacil-shaped endophyte bacterial isolates, 7 coccus-shaped isolates and 1 coccobacil-shaped isolate. Isolate the endophyte bacteria of Angsana plants that have the potential to produce antimicrobial compounds as many as 20 isolates. Isolates of Angsana plant endophyte bacteria form a bland zone in S. aureus (10 isolates), E. coli (17 isolates). Endophyte bacterial isolates that are able to inhibit the growth of bacteria S. aureus and E. coli are 7 isolates
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Hermanu Triwidodo and Listihani Listihani. "The Isolation, Selection and Determination of Endophytic Bacteria from Bamboo, Gamal, Tulsi, and Alamanda." SEAS (Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science) 5, no. 2 (November 2, 2021): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/seas.5.2.4068.151-162.
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Endophytic bacteria have many benefits, including increasing plant growth by producing phytohormones, increasing the production of mineral absorption, nitrogen fixation, reducing damage due to weather changes and increasing plant resistance to disease. Based on the above, it is necessary to select endophytic bacteria from various plants to be used as biocontrol agents. This study aims to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates that have the potential as biocontrol agents and plant growth supporters from bamboo shoots, Gamal, Tulsi, Lotus, and Alamanda. This research method includes sampling, endophytic bacteria isolation, hypersensitive, hemolysis, phosphate solvent, chitinolytic, proteolytic, and antagonist tests. Isolation of endophytic bacteria in 5 plants using 22 plant parts had a diversity of isolates. The isolated plant parts produced 1 to 7 isolates that had different morphology. The total isolates obtained were 59 isolates. In antagonistic observations, there was one isolate of endophytic bacteria that showed a clear zone when tested together with S. rolfsii, namely the isolate with code A24 from allamanda flower. From the data obtained, it is known that the endophytic bacterial isolates had an effect on inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic fungus S. roflsii, the endophytic bacterial isolates Consortium, A21 and the endophytic bacterial isolates A22 had no incidence of disease, while the bacterial isolates T00 (Bx) with an average disease incidence of 40% and 30% disease intensity. Meanwhile isolates A23, A24 and A25 had an average disease incidence ranging from 13.3%-26.6%, while controls had the highest disease incidence, namely 53.3% and disease intensity 66.6%.
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De Fretes, Charlie Ester. "ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT SORGUM MANIS FS501 SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN." EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ekotonia.v5i2.2107.
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This study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria of sweet sorghum plants and characterize their ability as plant growth promoting. The characters tested in this study were the ability of endophytic bacteria in N fixation, phosphate dissolving, and IAA production to be developed as biological fertilizer agents. Twenty-four isolates were isolated from the roots, stems and shoots of sweet sorghum. The results of bacterial DNA fingerprint screening showed that 11 groups of endophytic bacteria had different fingerprints. Isolates capable of N fixation were grown on LGI media and showed a change in the color of the medium. The nifH gene detection is also carried out to determine endophytic diazotrophic bacteria. Isolate bacteria that can dissolve inorganic phosphate were tested using Pikovskaya media. Testing the ability of isolates to produce IAA was carried out by adding Salkowski's reagent to the bacterial culture and measured quantitatively with a λ 530 nm spectrophotometer. The results showed that two endophytic bacterial isolates proved to be diazotrophic and three isolates were able to dissolve phosphate, while one isolate was able to produce IAA. PA2 isolate showed ability in all the characters tested, namely N fixation, phosphate solvent and IAA producer.
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Talip Abd-alla, Mays, Mohsen Hashim Risan, and Athraa H. Muhsin. "Microbial Contamination and Identification of Bacterial for Mobiles Phones in Iraq." Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology 7, no. 2 (August 30, 2015): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v7.i2.8017.
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This study was conducted to isolate and identify bacteria contaminants on a mobile phone. The samples were collected randomly from 20 mobile phones. This study was conducted between October to December, 2016 at College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University. The isolated colonies were then sub cultured in nutrient agar and slants in order to obtain pure culture of all the six colonies. Six genera of bacteria were identified from positive cultures. In all, 20 swab samples of mobile phone were randomly examined, 19 bacterial isolates were identified from mobile phones were found contaminated with microbiota. The highest prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was observed in mobile phones. The research findings indicated that S. aureus (8 isolates), Escherichia coli (4 isolates), Enterobacter spp (2 isolates), Bacillus (1 isolates ), Streptococceus spp (1 isolates), and Pseudomonas spp (3 isolates), were the main isolates frequently associated with the mobile phones. Showed Percentage of bacterial isolates from the samples collected from mobile phones after calculating the total percentage of each isolate, found S. aureus, E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Bacillus, Streptococceus spp and Pseudomonas spp in the percentage of 42.10 %, 21.05 %, 10.52%, 5.26 %, 5.26 % and 15.78 % respectively. The results showed that mobile phones were contaminated with different types of bacteria mentioned above. Gram positive cocci, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus spp. were identified based on morphological characteristics. Gram negative bacilli, E. coli, Enterobacter, Bacillus and Pseudomonas were identified based on morphological characteristics. Nineteen isolates from 20 observed mobile phones belonging to the students. The highest prevalence in male was (13 isolates) and were percentage of bacteria isolated 66.66%, while in female were (6 isolates) and percentage of bacteria isolated 33.33%. Also showed results Percentage of total bacteria isolated of female and male, were 31.57% and 68.42 % respectively.
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Fatima Kareem Shandookh, Melad Khalaf Mohammed, and Ahmed Darweesh Jabbar. "Isolation, screening and characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from oil contaminated soil in Wasit province / Iraq." Journal of Wasit for Science and Medicine 16, no. 3 (September 14, 2023): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/jwsm.480.
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Eleven soil samples were collected from one of the oil sites in Wasit Governorate.65 bacterial isolates were isolated from soil samples by using BHM with 1% crude oil as carbon source. In primary and secondary screening (10) isolates of bacteria can remediate crude oil. Among the ten isolates, bacterial isolate named HD2 was most effective in bioremediation process. The results of biomass, optical density, and percentage of hydrocarbon remediation of HD2 were (0.63, 1.080 and 67 %) respectively. The results of morphological and biochemical tests showed that the bacterial isolate named HD2 belongs to the species Pseudomonas putida.
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Reshetnikov, M. V., and V. P. Patyka. "Bacteria-antagonists of the agents of soryz bacterial diseases." Agricultural Science and Practice 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2024): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.03.046.
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Aim. To isolate and identify bacteria with antagonist properties for biocontrol of the agents of bacterial diseases of soryz (Sorghum oryzoidum) and sorghum crops. Methods. The studies were conducted in 2021-2023. Spore-forming bacteria were isolated from the soryz samples, collected in the fields of the experimental farm of the Uman National Horticulture University (Cherkasy region, Uman). Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from soryz plants, collected in the private land plot, located between the villages of Teolyn, Vladyslavchyk, Kniazhyky in Monastyryshche com- munity, Uman district, where Pershotravneve hamlet used to be situated. A total of 1,250 samples were analyzed. The experiment had three repeats. Spore-forming and lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the surface of soryz plants on the firm ripe stage in summer while isolating phytopathogenic bacteria. The isolates of lactic acid bacteria- antagonists were also isolated from the inner part of winter stubble stalk of soryz, collected from the tilled field. The antagonistic activity of the strains of lactic acid bacteria and spore-forming bacteria, isolated from different ecological niches, to phytopathogens of soryz and sorghum crops was determined in vitro. The strains of Pseudomonas syringae, the agents of soryz bacterial spots, were used as test-cultures: 211141a, 211141, 210341, 21034, and 210521, along with the collection strains of phytopathogens: Pseudomonas syringae 8299, Pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae UKM B-1021, X. oryzae 8375, Dickeya chrysanthemi 8683, Diskeya chryzanthemi 8683. The antagonistic activity of the extracted isolates of spore-forming and lactic acid bacteria was studied using the method of radial strokes (joint cultivation of the antagonist and the strains under investigation). The bacterial isolates were deemed inactive if the growth delay zone was 0–5 mm (–), from 5 to 10 mm (+) – low activity, 11–20 mm (++) – moderate activity, over 20 mm (+++) – high activity regarding the test-cultures. To check the effect of the isolate-antagonist of phytopathogenic bacteria, artificial infecting was conducted in the field conditions. For this purpose, a diurnal culture of the antagonist was introduced into the stalk of plants in the concentration of 1×108 colony-forming units, and 24 h later, a culture of test-strain of the phytopathogen was administered above the previous puncture. The results were evaluated 7–14 days after the artificial infection. The experiment had three repeats. The isolates of bacteria which demonstrated their an- tagonistic properties regarding the phytopathogenic bacteria were identified by their morphological properties, Gram staining, catalase test, profile of carbohydrate fermentation and mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF – Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization) using VITEK MS mass-spectrometer. Results. Thirty-eight spore-forming bacterial iso- lates were extracted from soryz; among these, 21030, 21095, 21040, ASV1, ASV3, B4 demonstrated their antagonistic activity towards the investigated phytopathogenic bacteria. Isolate 21040 showed high antagonistic activity to most test-strains of P. syringae from soryz (the zone of negative culture – 23–30 mm) and lower activity regarding the collection cultures. Isolates B4 and AVS3 demonstrated their selective activity regarding the investigated phytopatho- gens. Twenty isolates of lactic acid bacteria were extracted. Higher antagonistic activity was noted for the isolates of lactic acid bacteria 8/1 and F1 to the strains of P. syringae, isolated from soryz and collection cultures. The highest antagonistic activity of isolate 8/1 was noted regarding test-strains of P. syringae 210521 and X. oryzae 8375 (the zone of negative culture – 40–35 mm). In the field conditions, the treatment of sorghum plants with F1 affected the pathological process that developed due to the impact of the phytopathogenic bacteria P. syringae, which led to the reduction in disease symptoms. The taxonomic position of the isolates of bacteria, which seem to be promising for the control of disease agents, was determined. In terms of morphology of cells and colonies, the biochemical profile, and mass-spectrometry MALDI-TOF, the spore-forming isolates 21040 and B4 were identified as Bacillus subtilis, and ASV3 – as Bacillus vallismortis. The identified isolates of lactic acid bacteria were Lactobacillus pentosus F1 and Lactobacillus sakei 8/1. Conclusions. In addition to phytopathogenic bacteria, from soryz plants we isolated the strains of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis 21040, B4, Bacillus vallismortis AVS3 and such lactic acid bacteria as Lactiplantibacillus pentosus and Lactobacillus sakei 8/1 (Latilactobacillus sakei 8/1), promising for the elaboration of methods for the biocontrol of the agents of bacterial diseases.
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Uto, Sahriani, Rugaiyah Arfah, Seniwati Dali, and Maswati Baharuddin. "Isolation and Molecular Identification of Amylolytic Bacteria from Oryctes rhinoceros L. Larvae Decomposing Empty Palm Oil Fruit Bunches." Molekul 18, no. 2 (July 10, 2023): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.2.6957.
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Oryctes rhinoceros L. is an organism that helps the decomposition of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB). In the larvae's intestines, there are symbiotic bacteria that are used in the process of food degradation in the digestive system, one of which is amylolytic bacteria. This study aims to isolate and molecular identify amylolytic bacteria that produce amylase enzymes from horn beetle larvae. The techniques are used to screen and isolate bacteria from horn beetle larvae. Bacterial identification was accomplished by microscopically identifying amylase-producing bacterial isolates, performing biochemical tests on selected bacterial isolates, quantifying amylase enzyme activity, and molecularly identifying 16S rRNA. The results of screening and bacterial isolation obtained five isolates. The largest amylolytic bacterial colony index value was obtained in the EA3 isolate, which was 1.370 mm. Bacterial isolates with the highest activity were found in isolates coded EA1 and EA2, namely 0.049 U/mL and 0.0479 U/mL. According to the findings of 16S rRNA molecular identification, isolates EA1 and EA2 had similarities with the bacteria Ochrobactrum sp. and Pseudomonas mendocina.
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KHALILA, RUHUL, Lenni Fitri, and SUHARTONO SUHARTONO. "Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria as Cellulolytic Enzyme Producer from the Hot Spring of Ie Seuum Aceh Besar, Indonesia." Microbiology Indonesia 14, no. 1 (August 11, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.4.
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Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophile bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers,. The sampling method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 oC, 60 oC and 50 oC. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic bacteria isolated recovered at 70 oC, five isolates at 60 oC, and seven isolates at 50 oC. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values were obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.
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Begum, Kohinur, Sultana Juhara Mannan, Refaya Rezwan, Md Mahinur Rahman, Md Shajidur Rahman, and Alam Nur E. Kamal. "Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria with Biochemical and Pharmacological Importance from Soil Samples of Dhaka City." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 16, no. 1 (July 30, 2017): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v16i1.33390.
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We studied soil samples from Dhaka municipality area to isolate and characterize bacteria having potential biochemical and pharmacological importance. Total twenty five soil samples were collected from fish, vegetables and fruits dump area from Dhaka City. Bacterial population was sub-cultured in trypticase soya agar (TSA) plate. Nineteen colonies were isolated, cultured and characterized by gram staining and biochemical tests. Six isolates were found to be gram negative while thirteen were gram positive. All isolates were positive in oxidase, catalase, citrate, and protease tests. Eight isolates showed coagulase negative and nine were coagulase positive. It was found that all bacterial isolates were sensitive to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin and ceftriaxone. About 95% of the bacterial isolates were resistant to penicillin-G and ampicillin. About 89%, 26%, 21% and 11% of the bacterial isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid and erythromycin, respectively. It was found that bacterial isolates produce chemical(s) inhibitory to other bacterial strains including both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Further studies are needed to characterize the potential antibacterial factor(s) and other bioactive compound (s) present in these bacterial isolates from soil samples.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(1): 129-136, 2017 (June)
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Sudewi, Sri, Baharuddin Patandjengi, Ambo Ala, Muh Farid BDR, Abdul Rahim Saleh, and Ratnawati Ratnawati. "SIDEROPHORE PRODUCTION OF THE RHIZOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LOCAL “KAMBA” RICE PLANTS, POSO REGENCY IN CENTRAL SULAWESI." Agric 34, no. 2 (December 17, 2022): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/agric.2022.v34.i2.p225-238.
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Rhizobacteria isolated from plant roots have the ability to produce siderophore compounds. These compounds play a role in inhibiting the growth of pathogens by binding to iron (Fe3+) which is needed by pathogens in their development. This research was aimed to find out the siderophore-producing bacteria isolated from local Kamba rice plants and their potential as biocontrol agents. Among the 28 isolates that were successfully isolated from the Kamba local rice rhizosphere, 10 isolates had the potential to produce siderophores with different morphological characters. The test was carried out to see the bacterial isolates capabilities to produce siderophores from two types of siderophores namely catechol and salicylate types. For the catechol type, the highest concentration of siderophore was found in the KBA8 bacterial isolate with 10.990 mg L-1, while the lowest was in the KBA1 bacterial isolate with only 5.876 mg L-1. The salicylate type siderophore with the highest concentration produced 9.493 mg L-1 was from the RKGU15 isolate and the lowest was found in KBU14 isolate which produced only 2.994 mg L-1. The isolates included in the Gram-positive group were 4 isolates while the Gram- negative group were 6 isolates and 90% isolates were able to produce the enzyme catalase. The results of this study indicate that all bacterial isolates can produce siderophores so that they have the potential as biocontrol agents to support environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.
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Fatimah, Fatimah, Annida Izzatul Millah, Risky Lailatul Ayu Fadilah, Syarifah Salsabila, Zakia Asrifah Ramly, Tipuk Sugiarti, Tri Nurhariyati, Ni’matuzahroh Ni’matuzahroh, and Moch Affandi. "Isolation and Potency Test of Endophytic Bacteria as Nitrogen Fixer from Mangrove Plant in Lamongan." Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jrba.v4n1.p26-33.
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Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live in plant tissues and some of them contribute to nitrogen fixation for plants. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from mangroves of Kutang Beach, Lamongan, which potentially as nitrogen fixing bacteria. Bacterial Isolates were used as candidates for biofertilizers. Leaves samples were taken from 10 sampling points. Bacterial isolation was initiated by sterilizing the surface of the leaves sample and grinding it aseptically. Isolation was carried out with a pour plate method on Nutrient Agar medium. Screening for endophytic bacteria's potential as N-fixing agent was carried out by growing the bacterial isolates on a semi-solid Nitrogen Free Bromothymol Blue (NFB) medium. The isolates that produced a positive reaction with a change in the color of the medium to blue were then subjected to macroscopic (shape, color, elevation, and the edge of the colony) and microscopic observations (Gram stain and bacterial cell measurements). The isolates showed the fastest change in the color of the medium were identified by the molecular marker of the 16S rRNA gene. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. As many as 20 isolates were obtained from the mangroves of Kutang Lamongan Beach, and ten isolates of twenty potentially as nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The ten nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolates had varying macroscopic characteristics. The microscopic characteristics showed that eight isolates had Gram-positive bacilli, and two isolates were Gram-negative with varying bacterial sizes. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the most potential of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was LMG II-14 isolate and identified as Paenibacillus alvei LMG II-14 with 99.36% similarity to Paenibacillus alvei strain DSM 29 based on the NCBI database. The ten nitrogen fixing isolates that have been obtained can later be used as candidates for biofertilizer composition, especially Paenibacillus alvei LMG II-14.
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Anggun Dwi Nur Annisa, Triastuti Rahayu, and Yasir Sidiq. "Growth of Endophytic Bacteria from Klutuk Banana Plant (Musa balbisiana Colla) with Inoculation Trial on Rice Plants (Oryza sativa)." Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/quagga.v16i1.53.
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Four potential bacteria have been isolated from Klutuk banana plant. They exhibited IAA production. Since the bacterial inoculation to plant should be performed in exponential phase of bacterial growth, information of the growth is crucial. This study aimed to analyze the growth rate of eight isolates and examine the effect of bacterial inoculation by initial trial on rice plants. For this purpose, four endophytic bacteria from Klutuk banana were cultured and examined using 600nm spectrophotometer. The growth of the isolates was calculated every two hours for 16 hours bacterial growth in the nutrient broth medium. The inoculation trial of bacteria to rice plants was conducted with three replicates. This inoculation was begun by germinating the rice seed and the radicle was observed. Then, the germinated rice seedlings were soaked in the bacterial suspension for 5 minutes in room temperature. The results showed that the exponential phase of all isolates was observed 6 hours after shaking. Inoculation using 6-hour-incubated K7 isolate significantly improved the length of root of rice plants. Additionally, this isolate improved the number of root and shoot length without significant difference. Thus, these results provide important information of the growth phase and inoculation effect new isolated endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria.
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Putri Salwa Salsabilla, Yasir Sidiq, Erma Musbita Tyastuti, and Triastuti Rahayu. "Selection of Proteolytic Bacteria from Bonoloyo Public Burial Place (PBP), Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java." Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/quagga.v16i1.57.
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Public Burial Place (PBP) is a cemetery for everyone. In PBP, protein decomposition occurs actively because the human body is made up of 16.4% protein, so it is most likely that proteolytic bacteria can be found. Previous research has isolated as many as 45 isolates from PBP Bonoloyo, Surakarta, but has not selected their proteolytic capabilities. The aim of the study was to isolate proteolytic bacteria from the Bonoloyo Public Cemetery and identify them. The bacterial isolate of PBP Bonoloyo is a collection from the FKIP Biological Laboratory of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta that selected its proteolytic capabilities using the milk agar scheme (SMA). The parameters measured are the diameter of the colony and the lymphatic zone formed to obtain the value of the proteolytic index (IP). For bacterial isolates showing a positive proteolytic activity, simple identification is carried out through the observation of colonial morphology and Gramme colouring. The results of the study showed that as many as 28 isolates (62.2%) were positive for proteolytic activity, with IP values >2 for B1 and B3. Bacterial proteolytic isolates are dominantly white to yellow with irregular, filamentary, spindle, and circular colonial forms. The results of Gramme colouring show that bacterial isolates that have proteolytic abilities are a group of Gramme negative bacteria that are basil shaped. The bacterial isolate that shows the highest IP value is the B1 isolate, which is suspected to be of the genus Bacillus. This research obtained data showing that in the public cemetery (PBP), Bonoloyo stores potential as a proteolytic bacterial habitat for a group of Gramme negative bacteria.
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Mawardi, Mira, Agustin Indrawati, Angela Mariana Lusiastuti, and I. Wayan Teguh Wibawan. "CHARACTERIZATION OF SPORE-FORMING BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR A PROBIOTIC CANDIDATE." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 18, no. 2 (December 19, 2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.18.2.2023.105-114.
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Gram-positive spore bacteria are widely used as probiotics in general sectors. However, there are still limited bacterial isolates as probiotic candidates available from indigenous isolates, especially in aquaculture. This study aimed to obtain potential spore-forming isolates as probiotic candidate for tilapia. Tilapia fish samples were collected from Sukabumi, Ciamis, Serang, and Papua. Bacterial isolates were isolated from the digestive tract of tilapia. Bacteria were identified based on their morphological, molecular characteristics, complete genome composition, and cell surface identification based on hydrophobic properties. In this study, six bacteria were isolated and identified by molecular characteristics using 16S rRNA sequences. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 9 PP isolate was Priestia megaterium basonym: Bacillus megaterium, CMS 16N isolate was Brevibacillus halotolerans, PPN 10 isolate was Bacillus sp., 3.1 SKBM isolate was Bacillus mycoides, CMS 22 N and SRG32 isolate were Bacillus subtilis. Six bacteria had different phenotypicals, ATGC sequence compositions, and a higher proportion of total G~C sequence composition above 50%. The coherent cell surface hydrophobicity test was positive on the SAT, SA, AA, and compact growth patterns in soft-agar media for 9 PP, CMS 22 N, and SRG32 isolates. From our study, the indigenous spore-forming bacteria isolated from tilapia stomachs are enzymatic bacteria, which have a strong attachment to host tissue and high potential as a probiotic candidate for fish. Various hydrophobicity test results from each isolate indicate that the protein composition in the cell surface is different.
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Rajput, Kamni, Bharti Chauhan, Ramesh Chandra Dubey, and Pankaj Kumar. "Antimicrobial Activity of Some Spices against Potential Probiotic Bacteria Isolated from Raw Sheep Milk." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 29 (September 5, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i294201.
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Probiotics have several beneficial effects for human health. These probiotic bacteria in the human gut prevent harmful bacteria from adhering to the intestinal mucosa. Some studies report that the secondary metabolites of spices have an effect on common pathogenic bacteria, but their impact on beneficial probiotic bacteria is still not entirely understood. In this view, the present study aimed at the isolation of probiotic microorganisms from sheep milk, the screening of these organisms for a few probiotic characterizations, and an evaluation of the effect of several spices on the development of probiotic bacteria. A total of 26 bacterial strains were isolated from raw sheep milk samples. Five goat isolates, SMH12, SMH15, SMB16, SMB24, and SMB26, displayed acid and bile resistance, responses to simulated stomach and duodenum passage, and antibiotic susceptibility. An antibacterial activity study of these potential probiotic bacterial isolates revealed that bacterial isolate SMB16 was more effective at inhibiting the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, viz., Escherichia coli (MTCC118), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC7443), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC424), Listeria monocytogenes (MTCC657), and Salmonella typhimurium (MTCC733). Screening of the antimicrobial activity of different spices, such as garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and onion (Allium cepa), against selected probiotic bacterial isolates. The bacterial isolate SMB16 was tolerant of these spices, while other isolates were sensitive. This strain, SMB16, was identified as Enterococcus hirae by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.
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Arimurti, Sattya, Esti Utarti, Sutoyo Sutoyo, Siswanto Siswanto, and Tantri Raras Ayuningtyas. "The HEMOLYSIS ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA ISOLATS FROM PELANGI FOREST OF IJEN GEOPARK." Life Science and Biotechnology 1, no. 2 (December 21, 2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/lsb.v1i2.44097.
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Ijen geopark is one of Indonesia's geoparks, which is located in East Java. A total of 153 bacteria have been isolated from Pelangi Forest, which were then given the isolate code IHP. These bacterial isolates can be utilized in industries, including organic matter decomposer agents, plant biocontrol agents, and probiotics. To ensure these bacteria are safe to use in various fields, they must be non-disease-causing (non-pathogenic). Safety evaluations based on the hemolysis reactions offer simple tests to ease the analysis of potential pathogenic bacteria. The study aimed to evaluate the safety of bacterial isolates from Pelangi Forest for their hemolysis reactions. The hemolysis test was conducted using blood agar media, from which isolates with a negative (λ) reaction. Based on the results of hemolysis tests, 30 out of 153 bacterial isolates (19.60%) were found to be negative reactions. These bacteria are safe to proceed with for potential analysis.
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Meliah, Siti, Annisa Wahyu Hardiyanti, Ni’ma Haida, Gita Azizah Putri, and Erny Qurotul Ainy. "Penapisan Bakteri Penghambat Fusarium yang Diisolasi dari Cairan Kantung Semar (Nepenthes sp.)." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.25.4.627.
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The genus Fusarium sp. is a pathogenic fungal for many cultivated plants. The bacteria isolated from monkey cup (Nepenthes sp.) fluid possess the ability to produce hydrolytic enzyme, such as chitinase which can be utilized to inhibit the growth of mycelia of pathogenic fungi. The aims of this study are to isolate bacteria from monkey cup liquid, to test their abilities to produce protease, chitinase, and cellulase, as well as their abilities to inhibit Fusarium. The bacteria were isolated using serial dilution method on Reasoner’s 2A agar medium. Enzymatic activities of bacterial isolates were determined by inoculating them on tested medium supplemented with casein protein, chitin, and cellulose, whereas their antifungal activities were assayed using a direct confrontation method between tested bacterial isolates and pathogenic fungal on Malt Extract Agar medium. Molecular identification of bacteria with antifungal activity was performed by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Isolation process of bacteria from monkey cup fluid resulted in 99 bacterial isolates with the ability to produce either protease, chitinase, and/or cellulose enzymes. A total of 37 bacterial isolates were capable of producing at least two hydrolytic enzymes. Antifungal assay of those bacteria showed that as many as 25 isolates have the ability to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that those isolates were closely related to three Burkholderia species, namely B. arboris, B. contaminans, and B. rijonensis.
Keywords: antifungal, Burkholderia, chitinase, cellulaseN, epenthes, protease
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Rosana, Yeva, Lina Herliyana, Grady Krisandi, and Erike Anggraini Suwarsono. "Profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang." Universa Medicina 42, no. 3 (November 20, 2023): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18051/univmed.2023.v42.303-313.
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Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacteria occupy the second highest rank of common infectious diseases in the world. Empirical use of antibiotics may give rise to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria because of irrational prescription. Choice of antibiotics to treat UTIs is limited because of MDR bacteria. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Methods Bacterial isolates were obtained from midstream urine specimens from 43 inpatients and 43 outpatients with UTIs in Jakarta and Tangerang. Bacteria were isolated on blood and MacConkey agar media using colony count method. Isolate identification and their susceptibility patterns were performed using VITEK2 compact system according to manufacturers’ instructions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results A total of 89 bacterial isolates consisting of 15 bacterial species were successfully isolated from 86 specimens. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common etiology of UTIs in inpatients and outpatients. MDR bacteria were found in 52 of the 89 isolates. ESBL-producing E. coli was the most common MDR bacteria. ESBL-producing E. coli and other MDR bacteria showed good susceptibility to ertapenem, meropenem, amikacin, and tigecycline. There were no significant differences regarding the MDR bacterial count in inpatients and outpatients (p=0.521). Conclusion E. coli was found to be the most common MDR bacteria causing UTIs in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Higher resistance to many antibiotics was found in MDR bacterial isolates in inpatients compared to outpatients. MDR bacteria in outpatient UTIs were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
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Sepriana, Citra, and Eti Sumiati. "Identifikasi Dan Uji Daya Hambat Isolat Bakteri Endofit Bunga Tanaman Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Terhadap Bakteri Patogen." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 6, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v6i1.340.
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This research was conducted to find out the capabilities of endophytic bacteria isolated from flowers of the clove plants in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli and to identify endophytic bacteria that potensial to produce an antibacterial. Stages of this research include the isolation of endophytic bacteria from flowers of the clove plants, antibacterial test, and molecular identification based on 16S rRNA. Isolates of endophytic bacterial of clove plants flower produce 5 isolates, 4 isolate inhibited the bacteria S. aureus. Based on 16S rRNA molecular identification, endophytic bacterial isolates of clove plants flower which have inhibitory closely related to Bacillus amyloliquefasiens, Staphylococcus epidermidis 1034 MPA and Bacillus cereus JL.
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Kurniawan, Ardiansyah, Suci Puspita Sari, Euis Asriani, Andi Kurniawan, Abu Bakar Sambah, and Asep Awaludin Prihanto. "Molecular Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria From Mangrove Sediment at Tin Minning Region In West Bangka." International Journal of Applied Biology 3, no. 1 (June 29, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ijab.v3i1.5848.
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Cellulose as an abundant source of glucose in Indonesia requires acceleration of decomposition utilizing cellulolytic bacteria. Cellulolytic bacteria can be obtained from the isolation of mangrove organic matter, such as sediments. Muntok Sub-district is one of the regions with the most tin mining in West Bangka Regency also has mangroves in the coastal area. Exploration of cellulolytic bacteria in mangroves with different environmental characteristics encourages researchers to find new bacterial strains that produce cellulase enzymes with new properties. Thirteen isolates were successfully isolated from three locations. Tembelok mangrove sediments produced Seven bacterial isolates, Peltim Mangrove samples produced three isolates and from Sukal Mangrove three isolates were obtained. Seven isolates showed clear zones in the Lugol test and three isolates including were gram-positive bacteria. Molecular test with 16S rRNA analysis showed TBL1 isolate has 85% similar identity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain HY3 and TBL2 isolate has 98% similar identity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain HS8. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens potential to further study as cellulose degrading bacteria for feed ingredients.
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Msango Soko, K. R., R. C. Bhattacharya, B. Ramakrishnan, K. Sharma, and S. Subramanian. "Functional characterization of bacteria isolated from different gut compartments of white grub, Anamola dimidiata, larvae." Journal of Environmental Biology 41, no. 6 (November 15, 2020): 1526–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/41/6/mrn-1420.
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Aim: The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize cellulolytic, lipolytic and nitrate reductase activities in the bacteria isolated from the gut of white grub, Anamola dimidiata larvae Methodology: Field collected third instar scarab larvae were dissected under aseptic conditions and inoculated on different bacteriological media to isolate gut bacteria. Identification of these isolates was carried out by amplifying and sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and comparing with their closest relatives in GenBank. Cellulolytic, lipolytic and nitrate reductase activities were assayed using Carbonmethyl cellulose (CMC), Rhodamine B and nitrate broth media. Results: The majority of culturable bacteria in the gut of A. dimidiata belonged to two phyla: Firmicutes (62.5%) and Proteobacteria (37.5%). Forty aerobic and eleven anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated and tested for cellulolytic, lipolytic and nitrate reductase activity, and twenty seven and thirty one cellulolytic and lipolytic gut bacteria were identified, respectively, with 19 isolates exhibiting both activities whereas ten facultative anaerobic bacteria isolates were positive for nitrate reductase activity. Interpretation: These bacterial isolates may be good sources for profiling novel isolates and enzymes for industrial use besides identifying new solutions for pest control.
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Jwad Abid-Al-Khadim, Nisreen, and Aalaa Fahim Abbas. "Selective Isolation of Heavy metals Resistant Bacteria From Waste Water." Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science 25, no. 4 (October 23, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29350/qjps.2020.25.4.1203.
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The current study was conducted to isolate bacteria resistant to heavy metals lead, chromium and cadmium from waste water. The concentration of lead, chromium and cadmium was measured in the waste water samples collected from different sites in Baghdad city using a flame atomic spectrometry. The results showed a significant increase in metals concentration in some sites compared to the standard determinants, as well as a significant variation between the concentration of the three metals, and nil values were recorded in some sites.The primary isolation of lead, chromium and cadmium tolerant bacteria from five sites which recorded the highest concentration of these metals showed 25 bacterial isolates distributed between 9 bacterial isolates tolerating 300 mg/l lead, 9 isolates tolerant to 100 mg/l chromium and 7 isolates tolerant to 100 mg/l of cadmium. Well diffusion method was used to choose resistant bacterial isolates, and the results showed a difference in the resistance of bacterial isolates to metals, and the bacterial isolates Pb1, Pb4, Cr8, Cr9, Cd5 were chosen which recorded resistance to high concentrations of heavy metals and more than one metal at the same time. The maximum tolerance concentration of the bacterial isolates was determined using liquid medium, and the bacterial isolate Pb1 recorded a maximum tolerance concentration of 1300, 700, 350 mg/l for lead, chromium and cadmium respectively, while the isolate Pb4 recorded the maximum tolerance concentration of 2300 mg/l for lead, and 700 mg/l for chromium, 300 mg/l for cadmium. The isolate Cr8 showed a maximum tolerance concentration of 700, 650, and 450 mg/l for lead, chromium and cadmium respectively, while the bacterial isolate Cr9 showed a maximum tolerance concentration of 700 mg/l for both lead and chromium and 500 mg/l for cadmium, while the bacterial isolate Cd5 recorded the highest maximum cadmium tolerance 650 mg/l among bacterial isolates, with a maximum tolerance concentration 800 mg/l for lead and 550 mg/l for chromium. Primary identification showed that all five bacterial isolates were Gram negative bacteria.
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Aljanaby, Ahmed Abduljabbar Jaloob, and Israa Abduljabbar Jaloob Aljanaby. "Prevalence of aerobic pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with burn infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Al-Najaf City, Iraq- a three-year cross-sectional study." F1000Research 7 (July 30, 2018): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15088.1.
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Background: Burn infections are one of the most common serious illnesses caused by pathogens, mainly by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this study was to detect of the prevalence of multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) bacteria isolated from inpatients with burn infection and the antimicrobials sensitivity patterns of all bacterial isolates during three years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Al-Najaf Central Hospital in Al-Najaf City, Iraq from January 2015 to December 2017. A total of 295 burns swabs were collected from hospitalized patients with burn infection. All grown bacterial isolates were identified by standardized microbiological tests. Antimicrobials susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method. Multi-drug, extensive-drug and pan-drug resistant bacteria and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria were determined according to standardized methods and guidelines. Results: Of the 295 burn swabs, 513 different bacteria strains were isolated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria with 142 isolates (27.6%) followed by methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus 106 isolates (20.6%), while Staphylococcus typhi was the least common bacteria with only 17 isolates (3.3%). 323 (63%) different bacterial strains were isolated from patients who stayed in hospital for 15 days. Most bacterial isolates were resistant to most antimicrobials with high percentages. Out of the 513 bacterial isolates; only 33 isolates (6.4%) were resistant to imipenem 10µg and 464 isolates (90.4%) were multi-drug resistant, 20 isolates (14%) were extensive-drug resistant and 17 isolates (3.3%) were pan-drug resistant. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common ESBL-producing bacteria (51 isolates-35.9%). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in burn infection in Al-Najaf hospital. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common multi-drug resistant bacteria, and the most common of ESBL bacteria causing burn infection over the three years.
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Pandey, S., and A. Alam. "Isolation of endophytic bacteria from bryophytes and study of their morphological, biochemical and biofilm formation properties." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 3 (May 15, 2023): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/3/mrn-5079.
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Aim: To isolate an endophytic bacterial community associated with bryophytes, which were collected from various locations in Mount Abu, Rajasthan, and to characterise their morphological, biochemical, and biofilm development properties. Methodology: Different bryophytes were selected from various regions of Mount Abu, Rajasthan. On an R2A agar plate, colonies with various morphologies were isolated. Biofilm development of bacterial isolates was done on a glass surface and visualised through scaning electron microscopy. Biochemical test, such as indole test, catalase test, urease test, MR and VP tests, citrate utilization test, gelatine and nitrate test, etc., were determined as per Berge’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology for characterization of endophytic bacteria. Salkowski's technique was also used for estimating IAA production by endophytic bacteria. Results: The results confirmed that isolates belonged to two phyla groups, Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria with predomination of Firmicutes. Scanning electron microscopy showed that among all the isolates, rod-shaped bacteria dominated. The metabolic properties of endophytic bacteria showed that most bacterial isolates metabolised glucose, maltose and sucrose, however, only few bacterial endophytes metabolized lactose. Some isolates produced IAA growth hormones, which were analysed through Salkowski's technique. Interpretation: The findings indicate that bryophytes have associated bacterial diversity. The morphological and biochemical characterization of bacteria revealed that they are members of the Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria phyla. SEM confirmed that bacterial isolates can form biofilm on glass surfaces and produce a distinct amount of IAA in a tryptophan-supplemented medium, essential for the growth and development of bryophytes. Key words: Bryophytes, Biofilm, Endophytic bacteria
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Rasyid, Sri Anggarini, Sugireng Sugireng, and Asni Ramayana Tina. "Screening of Haliclona sp. symbiont bacteria that have the potential as MDR (Multidrug-Resistant) antibacterial from Tanjung Tiram Beach." Indonesian Journal of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (March 4, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/ijmlst.v6i1.4549.
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Sponge Haliclona sp. is a type of sponge living in marine waters and is found in many areas of coral reef ecosystems. This study aimed to determine the potential for sponge Haliclona sp. obtained from Tanjung Tiram waters, Konawe, as a source of bioactive compounds of MDR (Multidrug-Resistant) antibacterial. The isolation method of Haliclona sp. symbiont was carried out by pouring and purification of Haliclona sp. symbiont using the scratch method. The purification results obtained 12 isolates of symbiont bacteria that were successfully isolated. Then the bacterial isolate was tested for its antibacterial ability against MRSA and ESBL Escherichia coli bacteria qualitatively using the agar diffusion method. Bacteria that have strong inhibitory activity are identified by morphological and biochemical tests. The results of the qualitative screening test produced four bacterial isolates that have inhibitory activity against MRSA (Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) pathogenic bacteria with the isolate codes H3 and H8 belonging to the strong category while H4 and H10 belonging to the medium categoy. Additionally, two bacterial isolates that have inhibitory activity against ESBL Escherichia coli pathogenic bacteria with the isolate codes H3 and H8 belonging to the strong category. Based on morphological observations and biochemical tests, the H3 bacterial isolate was identified as the genus Corynebacterium spp. and the H8 bacterial isolate was identified as the genus Micrococcus spp. In conclusion, Haliclona sp. sponge exhibits promising potential as a source of microorganism producing antibacterial compounds, particulary againts MDR (Multidrug-Resistant) strains.
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Resti, Zurai, Trimurti Habazar, Deddi Prima Putra, and Nasrun Nasrun. "SKRINING DAN IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA BAWANG MERAH." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.213167-178.
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Screening and identification of endophytic bacteria to control bacterial leaf blight disease on Shallot. The experiment was conducted in Laboratory and Green House, from January to June 2012. Laboratory experiment consisted of three steps: (1) isolation of endophytic bacteria from healthy onion roots, (2)In planta /screening of endophytic isolates capable of reducing bacterial leaf blight disease, and (3) molecular identification of potential endophytic isolates. Treatments of in planta test were arranged in Completely Randomized Design. Collected isolates were tested for their capability in controlling bacterial leaf blight disease on shallot. The variables observed were disease incidence, disease severity, and shallot yield. The results showed that out of 82 isolates successfully isolated, 56 isolates (68.29%) were Gram positive, and 26 isolate (31.71%) were Gram negative. All isolates were HR negative and pathogenicity negative. Six endophytic isolates showed better performance in inducing resistance and increasing onion yield. Based on 16S rRNA sequence the six isolates were Bacillus cereus strain P14 , Bacillus cereus strain Se07, Bacillus sp H1, Bacillus sp SJ1 and Serratia marcescens strain PPM4.
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Yasin, Rimsha, Sunbul Rasheed, Mohsin Tassawar Cheema, and Aatif Amin. "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT RHIZOSPHERIC SOILS." JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR GENETICS 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/jmmg.v3i3.94.
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The production of indole acetic acid (IAA) is a significant property of rhizospheric bacteria to stimulate and promote plant growth. In this investigation, indole acetic acid-producing bacteria from the rhizosphere of five distinct plants (Wheat, Gulchen, Rose, Lady Finger, and Bouginvella) were isolated and characterized. Bacterial strains were isolated and identified by morphological characterization. Out of 30 bacterial isolates, 5 isolates were selected as efficient producers of Indole acetic acid. These selected bacterial isolates were subjected to several biochemical tests for identification at the genus level. After the determination of bacterial genus, antibiotic sensitivity test was performed to check the resistance pattern of each bacterial isolate against antibiotics. Selected bacterial isolates were characterized by using molecular techniques. DNA of five bacterial isolates was extracted by WizPrepTMg DNA mini kit and amplification of 16S rRNA gene was done by PCR. Amplification of PCR product was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. From biochemical tests, Klebsiella spp., E. coli, and Bacillus sp. tested positive. Klebsiella spp. showed 87, 88, 81, 88, 91, 100, 90, and 87% resistance against enrofloxacin, gentamycin, penicillin, ampicillin, chlotetracyclin, tylosine, oxytetracycline, and amoxicillin, respectively. E. coli showed 80, 88, 79, 84, 79, 86, 82, and 89% against enrofloxacin, gentamycin, penicillin, ampicillin, chlotetracyclin, tylosine, oxytetracycline, and amoxicillin respectively whereas 87, 91, 100, 100, 93, 100, 89 and 100% resistance was shown by Bacillus sp. against enrofloxacin, gentamycin, penicillin, ampicillin, chlotetracyclin, tylosine, oxytetracycline, and amoxicillin, respectively. All these selected bacterial isolates were found positive for the 16S rRNA gene and characterized as Klebsiella pneumonia RY6, Klebsiella oxytoca strain RY8, Klebsiella oxytoca RY10, Escherichia coli RY20, and Bacillus tequilensis RY23. It is concluded that the property of synthesizing IAA is considered an effective tool for the isolation and characterization of bacteria that have a role in promoting plant growth.
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ISTIFADAH, NOOR, NURHAYATI PRATAMA, SYAHRIZAL TAQWIM, and TOTO SUNARTO. "Effects of bacterial endophytes from potato roots and tubers on potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis)." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190108.
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Istifadah N, Pratama N, Taqwim S, Sunarto T. 2018. Effects of bacterial endophytes from potato roots and tubers on potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis). Biodiversitas 19: 47-51. Bacterial endophytes are bacteria that inhabit plant tissues without causing any diseases. The endophytes existence may have negative, neutral, or positive effects on the host plants. This paper discusses the effects of bacterial endophytes isolated from potato roots and tubers on potato growth and their abilities to suppress potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis. The bacterial endophytes were isolated from roots and tubers of potatoes obtained from six plantation areas in West Java. The endophyte isolates were examined for their effects on potato growth. The non-pathogenic isolates were tested for their abilities to suppress G. rostochiensis in vitro and in potato plants. The results showed that from 88 bacterial endophyte isolates obtained, 13 isolates caused rot in potato seed pieces, 22 isolates inhibited the potato growth, while, 2 isolates increased the growth, and as many as 51 isolates did not influence the growth. The in vitro test using the isolate culture filtrate revealed that there were seven isolates that caused mortality of G. rostochiensis juvenile-2 by 67.5-97.7%. These isolates, however, were not effective in damaging the nematode eggs. In the greenhouse experiment, the bacterial endophyte isolates suppressed the number of cysts by 51.7-65.4% and that of the juvenile-2 of G. rostochiensis by 48.6-76.4%.
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Mahestri, Laras, Esti Harpeni, and Agus Setyawan. "Isolation and Screening of Amylolytic and Proteolytic Thermophilic Bacteria from Way Panas Hot Spring, Kalianda, South Lampung." Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan 26, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jpk.26.3.161-168.
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Amylolytic and proteolitic activity from thermophilic bacteria have been observed from the Way Panas hot springs, Kalianda, South Lampung. This study aims to isolate and screen amylase and protease enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria and their potential in fisheries. A total of 8 bacterial isolates were examined from the Way Panas hot spring, Kalianda. Each was cultured on selective medium for amylase and protease production. The results showed that 4 bacterial isolates were able to hydrolyze starch (A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.3, and A.WP.50.4) were able hydrolyze starch and no bacterial isolates had hydrolysis activity against protein. The highest activity of amylolitic was achieved by A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate. Based on the phenotype, biochemistry assay, and 16s rDNA sequencing, the A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate have high similarity and identified as Bacillus cereusAmylolytic and proteolitic activity from thermophilic bacteria have been observed from the Way Panas hot springs, Kalianda, South Lampung. This study aims to isolate and screen amylase and protease enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria and their potential in fisheries. A total of 8 bacterial isolates were examined from the Way Panas hot spring, Kalianda. Each was cultured on selective medium for amylase and protease production. The results showed that 4 bacterial isolates were able to hydrolyze starch (A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.1, A.WP.50.3, and A.WP.50.4) were able hydrolyze starch and no bacterial isolates had hydrolysis activity against protein. The highest activity of amylolitic was achieved by A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate. Based on the phenotype, biochemistry assay, and 16s rDNA sequencing, the A.WP.50.4 bacteria isolate have high similarity and identified as Bacillus cereus
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Toyyibah, Ilma Dzurriyyatan, Musofa Rusli, and Juniastuti Juniastuti. "BACTERIAL PATTERN AMONG SEPSIS PATIENTS IN INTERNAL MEDICINE INPATIENT WARD DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL, SURABAYA, INDONESIA IN 2017-2019." Majalah Biomorfologi 32, no. 2 (July 9, 2022): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mbiom.v32i1.2022.52-58.
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Highlights:1. Bacteria remain a major cause of bacterial sepsis.2. The most common causal agent in bacterial septicaemia was the gram-positive bacterium. Abstract: Background: Bacteria remain the primary cause of bacterial sepsis. Gram-negative bacteria are the most commonly isolated from sepsis patients. However, gram-positive bacterial infections have also increased recently. Objective: To identify the pattern of bacterial infection in sepsis patients in Internal Medicine inpatient ward Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Material and Method: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of all sepsis patients in Internal Medicine Ward Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia from January 1 – December 31, 2016. All patients were divided according to bacterial species into two groups: patients with gram-positive and gram-negative infection. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS ver. 16.0 to find out the frequency. Result: From 179 eligible data reviewed, there were 103 (57.5%) patients with gram-positive bacterial infection and 76 (43.5%) patients with a gram-negative bacterial infection. The major isolates of gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus hominins (30 isolates) and gram-negative bacteria was Escherichia coli (30 isolates), 43 isolates showed multi-drug resistant organisms; Escherichia coli ESBL 23 isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL 3 isolates, Klebsiella oxytoca ESBL 2 isolates and Methilcillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus 5 isolates. Conclusion: The most common causative agent in bacterial sepsis was gram-positive bacteria. The major isolated gram-positive bacteria are Staphylococcus hominis and gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli. The species of multi-drug resistant organisms found are Methilcillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli ESBL, Klebsiella pneumonia ESBL and Klebsiella oxytoca ESBL. Among the patients with multi-drug resistant organism infection, Escherichia coli ESBL were the most prevalent one.
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Ryan, N. Aileen, and Peter Jones. "The ability of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from nematode host and non-host plants to influence the hatch in vitro of the two potato cyst nematode species, Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida." Nematology 6, no. 3 (2004): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568541042360528.
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AbstractSeventy bacteria, isolated from the rhizosphere of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) host plant, potato, were cultured in the presence and absence of potato root leachate (PRL) and the resultant culture filtrates were analysed for their ability to affect the hatch in vitro of the two PCN species. Of the isolates tested, nine had a significant effect on PCN hatch. Six affected Globodera pallida hatch and three affected G. rostochiensis hatch. Five of the isolates significantly increased hatch only when cultured in the presence of PRL. Three of the isolates decreased PCN hatch significantly in PRL. Only one isolate increased hatch significantly in the absence of PRL. No isolate affected the hatch of both species. Six of the nine isolates that significantly affected PCN hatch had been pre-selected by culturing on PRL. Bacterial isolates from PCN non-hosts (14 from wheat, 17 from sugar beet) were also tested for hatching activity. The principal effect of the hatch-active isolates from the PCN non-host plants was to increase PCN hatch in the presence of PRL. In contrast to the host bacteria results, the isolates from non-host plants affected only G. rostochiensis hatch (three wheat isolates and four sugar beet isolates significantly increased G. rostochiensis hatch); no such isolate affected G. pallida hatch significantly in the presence of PRL. Ten isolates (32%) from non-host plants had the ability to increase significantly the hatch of PCN in the absence of PRL (eight of these affected G. rostochiensis hatch and four affected G. pallida hatch), compared to only one bacterial isolate (1%) from a host plant. The majority of the isolates from non-hosts produced PCN species-specific effects, as with the bacteria isolated from potatoes, although two wheat isolates increased the hatch of both species significantly in the absence of PRL. Of 20 hatch-active bacterial isolates (from all three plants) identified, 70% were Bacillus spp. Other genera identified were Arthrobacter , Acinetobacter and Staphylococcus .
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Ropiatningsuari, Nika, Suryo Wiyono, and Suryahadi Suryahadi. "Skrining Bakteri Dekomposer Sebagai Penghilang Bau Kotoran Ayam." Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment 18, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/blje.2018.v18.i01.p03.
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The decomposition of chicken excreta produce odorous gases, that case environmental pollution. One of alternative technique to reduce the odorous gases is by applying specific bacteria. The aim of this study was to obtain bacterial isolates that capable of reducing NH3 and H2S production and odors. Decomposer bacterial candidates were isolated from chicken manure, guano, and peat soil. Selection of isolates of oxidizing bacteria is carried out using selective media. All isolates that were found from chicken manure, guano, and peat soil tested for hypersensitive reaction on tobacco and hemolysis on blood agar. The isolated bacteria that showed negative HR and HL responses than used for a further experiment. Five isolates of bacteria which reduce odors based on organoleptic test were WiK 15, TnK 7, WiGu 11, CGu 7 and MaGa 5. NH3 and H2S from decomposition chicken excreta were analyzed by spectrophotometric and colorimetric method. The average of total NH3 production from seven days observation showed ranged level from 1.09 ppm to 1.77 ppm, while total H2S gas production ranged from 15.05 to 16.57 ppm. Bacterial isolate CGU 7 showed make lowest total production of NH3.
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Hadi, Sapto Nugroho, Ida Widiyawati, Ahmad Fauzi, Prita Sari Dewi, and Yugi R. Ahadiyat. "Identification of Potential Biofertilizer and Bioremediator Bacteria from Upland Soil Based on 16s rDNA Sequence Analysis." PLANTA TROPIKA 11, no. 2 (September 18, 2023): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/pt.v11i2.12744.
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The long-term presence of synthetic pesticides on agricultural land can lead to a decline in soil fertility. Synthetic pesticides inhibit the activity of essential enzymes in the soil and suppress beneficial microbial populations for plants. One potential approach to mitigate the extent of contamination caused by synthetic pesticides involves the utilization of indigenous pesticide-resistant bacteria. Several upland soil bacteria from Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia, were successfully isolated from a previous study. The isolated bacteria have the potential to be developed as pesticide bio-remediators and biofertilizers. The bacterial isolates are expected to have characters that support plant growth through their ability to provide dissolved phosphate. However, the potential bacterial isolates need to be identified by molecular approaches. This study was conducted to identify bacterial isolates of GT2, SR1, SW1, and PA1 by 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The results showed that isolate GT2 was placed within a group of reference strains of Bacillus proteolyticus, isolate SR1 was placed within a group of B. paramycoides, isolate SW1 was set within a group of B. albus, and isolate PA1 was placed within a group of Acidovorax delafieldii. The genetic distance of isolate GT2 and B. B. proteolyticus, isolate SR1 and B. paramycoides, isolate SW1 and B. albus were 0.0000 each, and isolate PA1 and A. delafieldii were 0.0061.
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Lee, Yoo Kyung, Kae Kyoung Kwon, Kyeung Hee Cho, Jae Hyun Park, and Hong Kum Lee. "Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Marine Biofilms." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.612.
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In the marine environment, biofilms cover most of the subtidal and intertidal solid surfaces. Culturable bacteria forming marine biofilms were isolated on artificial substrate called acrylic coupons. The bacterial isolates were identified through a comparison of 16S rDNA sequences. A total of 115 strains were cultured and identified, 45 of which showed the same sequences with other strains. Therefore, 70 strains were finally identified. The bacterial isolates belonged to a–Proteobacteria (32 isolates), g–Proteobacteria (12 isolates), CFB group bacteria (4 isolates), high GC Gram-positive bacteria (9 isolates), and low GC Gram-positive bacteria (13 isolates). The bacterial isolates may be used as standard bacteria to test new antifouling agent. They may also be utilized as useful bacteria to enhance the settlement of commercial algae and invertebrate larvae for aquaculture.
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Saputri, Rika Dini, Erma Musbita Tyastuti, Yasir Sidiq, and Triastuti Rahayu. "Public Cemetery’s Potency as The Source of Proteolytic Bacteria." Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2023): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/quagga.v15i2.44.
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Cemetery is an area provided for burial and acts as an active bodies disposal site. One group of bacteria which is likely to be found with a high population is the proteolytic bacteria because the human body is made up of 46.85% protein. The exploration of proteolytic bacteria from public cemetery in Indonesia has not been conducted as so this research is necessary and become the main objective of this study. This research is a non-experimental study to isolate soil bacteria from Pracimaloyo public cemetery in the district of Kartasura. Skim Milk Agar (SMA) is used as selective media. Proteolytic capacity was determined using the proteolytic index (PI). Potential proteolytic bacteria isolates were identified based on morphology features and PI values > 2 were isolated from P23 and P22 isolates. Bacterial proteolytic isolates are dominantly colonies of white to yellowish with irregular and circular shapes. Gram-staining results indicated that bacterial isolates with proteolytic abilities are belong to Gram-negative bacili bacteria. The highest PI value of bacterial isolates exhibited by P23 isolates and possibly belong to the genus Bacillus. The study has discovered that Pracimaloyo holds the potential as a proteolytic soil bacteria habitat dominated by the Gram-negative group.
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Brígido, Clarisse, Sakshi Singh, Esther Menéndez, Maria Tavares, Bernard Glick, Maria Félix, Solange Oliveira, and Mário Carvalho. "Diversity and Functionality of Culturable Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Chickpea Plants." Plants 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8020042.
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The aims of this study were to isolate, identify and characterize culturable endophytic bacteria from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) roots grown in different soils. In addition, the effects of rhizobial inoculation, soil and stress on the functionality of those culturable endophytic bacterial communities were also investigated. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the endophytic bacteria isolated in this work belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, with Enterobacter and Pseudomonas being the most frequently observed genera. Production of indoleacetic acid and ammonia were the most widespread plant growth-promoting features, while antifungal activity was relatively rare among the isolates. Despite the fact that the majority of bacterial endophytes were salt- and Mn-tolerant, the isolates obtained from soil with Mn toxicity were generally more Mn-tolerant than those obtained from the same soil amended with dolomitic limestone. Several associations between an isolate’s genus and specific plant growth-promoting mechanisms were observed. The data suggest that soil strongly impacts the Mn tolerance of endophytic bacterial communities present in chickpea roots while rhizobial inoculation induces significant changes in terms of isolates’ plant growth-promoting abilities. In addition, this study also revealed chickpea-associated endophytic bacteria that could be exploited as sources with potential application in agriculture.
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Haque, MM, Mk Hasna, MI Khalil, KME Nabi, J. Ferthouse, and NR Paul. "Identification of plant growth promoting antagonistic bacteria against blast disease of rice." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture 37, no. 1 (November 21, 2023): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnag.v37i1.69930.
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This study aimed to isolate and identify plant growth-promoting bacteria from rhizosphere of rice plants that exhibit antagonistic properties against Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of blast disease. Bacteria were isolated from the surface of rice leaves, stems, and soil attached to the roots. The antagonistic activity of the isolated bacteria was assessed using a dual culture method, and identities were determined through 16S rDNA sequencing. To evaluate their growth-promoting abilities, assays were conducted to measure indole acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore secretion, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, and phosphate solubilization. The results revealed that Bacillus subtilis, identified as BDISO_01R, exhibited antagonistic behavior and the maximum inhibition of M. oryzae (81.00%) was obtained by bacterial isolate BDISO-01R. Additionally, eight bacterial isolates demonstrated IAA production, sixteen isolates produced siderophores, and nine isolates displayed phosphate solubilization capability. This research sheds light on the diverse microbial arsenal that can potentially promote rice growth while combating blast disease. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric, 37(1): 63-79, 2023
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Aswiyanti, I., I. Istiqomah, and A. Isnansetyo. "Isolation and identification of nitrifying bacteria from tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) pond in Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 919, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/919/1/012054.
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Abstract This research aims to isolate and identify autochtonous nitrifying bacteria from tilapia pond in Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia for future application in aquaculture practices in the region. Bacteria were isolated using a nitrification medium. Bacterial characterization was carried out by non-pathogenic test to tilapia (Oreochromis sp.), and nitrification activity test in a single bacterial fermentation medium for 9 days. Bacterial identification was carried out based on the colony and cell morphologies, biochemical tests, and molecular analysis using the 16S rRNA and gyrB genes. A total of 15 isolates of nitrifying bacteria were obtained. Four non-pathogenic isolates obtained the highest nitrification activity on the sixth day of incubation, with nitrate production of 17.26-21.54 ppm. Two selected bacteria, isolates A2 and A3, have colony morphology that is milky white, smooth surface, circular shape, entire edge, and convex elevation. Both bacteria are short rods, Gram-negative, non-motile, produce catalase, fermenting glucose, sucrose, and lactose, and do not produce oxidase, ornithine decarboxylase, indole, and H2S. Molecular analysis showed that the two isolates had the highest similarity (99.28% and 99.34%) to Klebsiella spp.
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Lombogia, Christian A., Max Tulung, Jimmy Posangi, and Trina E. Tallei. "Antibacterial Activities of Culture-dependent Bacteria Isolated from Apis nigrocincta Gut." Open Microbiology Journal 14, no. 1 (April 23, 2020): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285802014010072.
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Introduction: Apis nigrocincta is a honeybee endemic to Mindanao island (the Philippines), Sangihe island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) and Sulawesi mainland (Indonesia). The genus Apis is well known to have symbiont in their guts, which helps balance the microbiome in the gut and host health. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether the bacteria isolated from the gut of honeybee Apis nigrocincta produce metabolites with potential growth inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escerichia coli, the bacteria which are important pathogens in humans and animals. Methods: Bacteria isolated from honeybee gut were cultured in MRSA and several isolates were purified for testing. The antibacterial activity test method used in this study was well diffusion agar. Pure isolates were grown on NB. The treatments given were heating and also neutralizing the supernatant from each isolate. Results: Five bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from honeybee gut and purified. The five isolates showed antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial strain indicators. The results of molecular identification showed that four of these isolates were Bacillus cereus and the other one was Staphylococcus arlettae. Neutralized supernatant showed strong activity on both indicator strains. The five isolates showed higher inhibition activity against S. aureus compared to E. coli. Conclusion: The finding of this research concluded that two bacterial strains, B. cereus and S. arlettae isolated from A. nigrocincta gut can be investigated further as agents which produce bioactive compounds that have potential as an antibacterial.
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Aisyah, Aisyah, Zia Nurfauziah, Adila Nursidik, Anasi Faisal Sukiyas, Diva Tari Asina Munthe, and Gilang Vaza Benatar. "Exploration and Characterization of Chitinolytic Bacteria from Leachate, Shrimp Pond Water and Rhizosphere Roots." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5769.
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Chitinase enzymes are enzymes that can hydrolyze chitin polymers into chitin oligosaccharides or N-acetylglucosamine synergistically and sequentially. This enzyme is naturally produced by bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. The magnitude of the potential possessed by chitinolytic bacteria with their living environment spread in various sources, does not rule out the possibility of isolating chitinolytic bacteria from leachate water, shrimp pond water, and rhizosper root soil. This study aims to isolate and identify the morphology of chitinolytic bacterial colonies obtained from the exploration results. The research was conducted with the exploration method and then analyzed descriptively. The results of the study obtained 22 isolates of chitinolytic bacteria from the exploration results with 11 isolates with the code TAC is an isolate from the roots of chili soil, 8 isolates with the code ALT comes from leachate water, and 3 isolates from shrimp ponds coded TUC. The results of morphological observations of bacterial colonies obtained the cell shape of the bacterial colonies were 17 cocci and only 5 were bacilli. Isolates are mostly white with milky white and bone white color and 7 isolates with red and yellow color variations. The results of gram staining showed 10 bacterial isolates were gram negative and 12 isolates were positive with bacterial cell shape mostly cocci.
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Istifadah, Noor, Retno Anjani Putri, and Sri Hartati. "The Abilities of Bacteria and Yeast Isolated from Vermicompost Water Extract to Inhibit Alternaria solani in vitro and Early Blight Disease on Tomato." CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection 4, no. 2 (January 22, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.37374.
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Early blight disease (Alternaria solani Sor) is one of limiting factors in tomato production. Bacteria and yeast are potential for biocontrol of plant diseases. Sources to obtain biocontrol agens is water extract of organic matters. The objective of this study was to examine the abilities of bacteria and yeast isolated from vermicompost water extract in inhibiting the growth of A. solani in vitro and suppressing the pathogen infection in tomato fruits and leaves. Two types of vermicompost used in this study were cattle manure vermicompost and goat manure vermicompost. The isolation of bacteria and yeast from the vermicompost water extract resulted in 14 isolates, which were 10 isolates from cattle manure vermicompost and four isolates from goat manure vermicompost. Among the isolates, six isolates (three yeast and three bacterial isolates) inhibited the growth of A. solani in vitro by 42.8% – 79.1%. In tomato fruits, five isolates inhibited A. solani infection by 70.6% - 100.0%. In tomato plants, four isolates suppressed early blight disease in tomato leaves by 56.2% - 83.5%. The isolate that showed consistent effects in vitro as well as in vivo was bacterial isolate KB 3. This isolate was potential as biocontrol agent of tomato diseases caused by A. solani.
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Salih, Abeer Majeed, and Shaimaa A. M. Ali. "Evaluation of Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Dairy Products." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1158, no. 11 (April 1, 2023): 112016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1158/11/112016.
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Abstract Seventy samples were collected from different sources, including dairy samples, soil samples, and samples of therapeutic bacteria supplements available in pharmacies to isolate and diagnose the types of lactic acid bacteria, study some of their traits that are used as bio-enhancers, and identify the most efficient isolates, De Man, Rogosa, and Sharp Agar (MRS) medium were used to isolate the bacteria of lactic acid. After the phenotypic tests for colonies and microscopic and biochemical tests were made, 38 isolates were obtained that belong to lactic acid bacteria, the results showed that most of the isolates belonged to the genus Bifidobacterium, as their number was 14 isolates with a rate of 36.8%, while the number of isolates belonging to the genus Lactobacillus was 12 with a rate of 31.57%. In addition for isolates belonging to the genus Leuconostoc, the number of isolates was 8 with a rate of 21.1%. Also, it was possible to obtain 4 isolates with a rate of 10.5% belonging to the genus Streptococcus. The biological properties of bacterial isolates that are isolated in terms of their ability to grow at different temperatures were studied, the results showed that all isolates being studied have the ability to grow at a temperature of 37° C, 42.8% of the isolates have the ability to grow at a temperature of 10° C, and 50% of the isolates have the ability to grow at a degree of 45° C, also, it appears from the results that all bacterial isolates being studied have the ability to grow in saline concentrations of 6.5%, except for two isolates; S. uberis and S. lactis, also, all bacterial isolates have the ability to grow in a saline concentration of 4.5 % except for B. bifidum, B. infants, B. breve, B. longum. The results also showed that the bacterial isolate L. lactis had the highest pH resistance, as it significantly outperformed the rest of the isolates and gave a growth rate of 123 × 103 CFU / ml, it is followed by isolate S.uberis, and then isolate B.berve, which gave an average growth rate of (113.75, 111.5) × 103 CFU/ml, in terms of its resistance to bile salts, all isolates could resist 0.2, 0.3 g/ml concentrations, L. lactis gave the highest growth rate reached 159 CFU/ml.
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Siangpro, Noppadon, Songkran Chuakrut, Wanna Sirimanapong, Somboon Tanasupawat, Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun, Bunyarit Meksiriporn, Jarungwit Boonnorat, Siripun Sarin, Siriwat Kucharoenphaibul, and Rumpa Jutakanoke. "Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis and Candida tropicalis Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Fish Exhibited Inhibitory Effects against Pathogenic Bacteria of Nile Tilapia." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020129.
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Nile tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish in the world. The outbreak of pathogenic bacterial diseases causes high mortality rates and economic losses in Nile tilapia farming. Antibiotic administrations are commonly utilized to inhibit and prevent bacterial infections. However, antibiotics are expensive and cause serious concerns for antibiotic resistance in fish that can be potentially transferred to humans. As an alternative solution, probiotics can be used to prevent infection of pathogenic bacteria in fish. In this work, both bacteria and yeast were isolated from fish gastrointestinal tracts and their inhibitory activity against Nile tilapia pathogenic bacteria was evaluated, as well as other probiotic properties. In this study, 66 bacteria and 176 acid tolerant yeasts were isolated from fish gastrointestinal tracts. Of all isolated microorganisms, 39 bacterial and 15 yeast isolates with inhibitory effect against pathogens were then examined for their probiotic properties (acidic and bile salt resistance, adhesion potential, and biofilm formation), formation of antibacterial factor survival rate under simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and safety evaluation. AT8/5 bacterial isolate demonstrated probiotic properties and the highest inhibition against all 54 tested pathogens while YON3/2 yeast isolate outperformed the inhibitory effect among all yeast isolates. These two probiotic isolates were further identified by 16S rDNA and the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA sequence analysis for bacterial and yeast identification, respectively. AT8/5 and YON3/2 showed the highest similarity to Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis and Candida tropicalis, respectively. This is the first report on isolated L. argentoratensis and C. tropicalis with antipathogenic bacteria of Nile tilapia properties. Collectively, AT8/5 and YON3/2 could be potentially used as promising alternatives to existing antibiotic methods to prevent pathogenic bacteria infection in Nile tilapia farming.
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Hernández-Huerta, Jared, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Ricardo Gomez-Flores, Ma Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea, Margarita S. García-Madrid, Loreto Robles-Hernández, and Rocio Infante-Ramirez. "Prevalence of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (formally X. perforans) associated with bacterial spot severity in Capsicum annuum crops in South Central Chihuahua, Mexico." PeerJ 9 (February 15, 2021): e10913. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10913.
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Background Xanthomonas spp. causes bacterial spot disease, which reduces quality and yield of pepper crops in Mexico. Identification of phytopathogen species is necessary to implement more effective control strategies. Objective The aim of this study was to isolate and identify infecting Xanthomonas species in South Central Chihuahua pepper-producing areas. Methods Diseased plants were collected from 30 cultivation lots and bacteria were isolated from damaged tissues. Potential causative agents were isolated, identified, and characterized by biochemical and molecular analysis. Pathogenicity tests from each isolate were then performed on 30-d-old pepper seedlings, exposing five leaves to 10 µL of 1 × 108 CFU/mL bacterial suspensions of each isolate, using sterile distilled water as a control. Disease severity was determined after 10 d by calculating leaf damage percentage. Furthermore, we evaluated the susceptibility of the highest bacterial spot severity-causing isolates (13 isolates) to copper sulphate (CuS), copper gluconate (CuG), copper oxychloride + oxytetracycline hydrochloride (Cu + Ox), gentamicin + oxytetracycline hydrochloride (Gen + Ox), and gentamicin sulphate (GenS). Copper-resistance genes (copLAB) were detected by PCR analysis among isolates. Results Thirty-seven foliage isolates were identified as Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (14%), which were associated with bacterial spot disease in jalapeño pepper. Tested Xanthomonas isolates were resistant to Cu-based compounds, but susceptible to Cu + Ox. All isolates were susceptible to Gen + Ox and GenS. CopLAB genes were detected in all but one strain. Conclusions X. euvesicatoria (formally X. perforans) may be considered as an emerging pathogen of bacterial spot pepper in Mexico. Among disease management strategies, alternatives to copper should be taken into consideration.
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Zhang, Peipei, József Baranyi, and Mark Tamplin. "Interstrain Interactions between Bacteria Isolated from Vacuum-Packaged Refrigerated Beef." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 8 (February 6, 2015): 2753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03933-14.
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ABSTRACTThe formation of bacterial spoilage communities in food is influenced by both extrinsic and intrinsic environmental factors. Although many reports describe how these factors affect bacterial growth, much less is known about interactions among bacteria, which may influence community structure. This study investigated interactions among representative species of bacteria isolated from vacuum-packaged (VP) beef. Thirty-nine effectors and 20 target isolates were selected, representing 10 bacterial genera:Carnobacterium,Pseudomonas,Hafnia,Serratia,Yersinia,Rahnella,Brochothrix,Bacillus,Leuconostoc, andStaphylococcus. The influence of live effectors on growth of target isolates was measured by spot-lawn agar assay and also in liquid culture medium broth using live targets and effector cell-free supernatants. Inhibition on agar was quantified by diameter of inhibition zone and in broth by measuring detection time, growth rate, and maximum population density. A number of interactions were observed, with 28.6% of isolates inhibiting and 4.2% promoting growth. The majority ofPseudomonasisolates antagonized growth of approximately one-half of target isolates. TwoBacillusspp. each inhibited 16 targets. Among lactic acid bacteria (LAB),Carnobacterium maltaromaticuminhibited a wider range of isolates compared to other LAB. The majority of effector isolates enhancing target isolate growth were Gram-negative, includingPseudomonasspp. andEnterobacteriaceae. These findings markedly improve the understanding of potential interactions among spoilage bacteria, possibly leading to more mechanistic descriptions of bacterial community formation in VP beef and other foods.