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1
Persson, Martina, and Rashid Yakhyaev. "Autenticitet inom backpacking : En studie som undersöker autenticitet och hedonism inom backpacking." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38687.
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Denna studie undersöker autenticitet och hedonism inom backpacking. Postmodernismen har lett till en homogenisering gällandede destinationer som backpackers besöker och aktiviteter de utför. Autentiska upplevelser blir således svårare att hitta samt urskilja på grund av den rådande massturismen. Denna studie mäter svenska backpackers uppfattningar och beteenden gällande autenticitet, med hjälp av en enkätundersökning som besvaras av 203 respondenter. Datainsamlingen presenteras i form av tabeller samt beskrivande text och analyseras med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk som innefattar autenticitet, backpacking, hedonism samt välmående. Resultatet visar att svenska backpackers uppfattningar samt beteende har störst koppling till existentiell autenticitet och att den hedonistiska njutningen är en del av den moderna backpackern.This study explores authenticity and hedonism in backpacking. Postmodernism has led to a homogenization in regards to the destinations that backpackers visit and the activities they perform. Authentic experiences are thus much more difficult to find and discern due to the prevailing mass tourism. This study measures Swedish backpacker's perceptions and behaviors regarding authenticity, using a questionnaire survey that is answered by 203 participants. Data collection is presented in the form of tables and descriptive text that is analyzed using a theoretical framework which includes authenticity, backpacking, hedonism and well-being. The result shows that Swedish backpacker's perceptions and behaviors are most closely linked to existential authenticity and that hedonistic enjoyment is part of the modern backpacker.
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Bennett, Rebecca Jane. "Moving off the beaten track: developing a critical literacy in backpacker discourse." Thesis, Bennett, Rebecca Jane (2007) Moving off the beaten track: developing a critical literacy in backpacker discourse. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/313/.
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Reaching beneath the market surface of backpacker culture, this doctoral research probes uncomfortable politics, excluded voices and global inequalities. It questions why, in a context of economic inequality, environmental crisis, terrorism and war, the tourism industry continues to grow, unhampered by politically fractured and uneasy mediations of the world. Arguing that tourist modalities are defined in a popular memory matrix where the rules and norms for becoming a tourist are negotiated through conversation, television, popular literature, travel guides and the Internet, this research project critiques both popular and academic tourist pedagogy.
In forging an interdisciplinary dialogue between Cultural Studies and Tourism Studies, this doctoral research seeks new ways of theorising depost-globalisation. Market-driven renditions of the tourable world displace, marginalise and exclude oppositional, negative, violent and discriminatory narratives. Placing a spotlight on the discomforts found in backpacker discourse requires the application of progressive meta-theoretical discourses, alongside postcolonial and poststructuralist analysis. A serious study of touristic popular culture implicates tourism in terrorism, backpacking in poverty, imperialism in globalisation, mobility in power and backpacker discourse in the re-writing of a contemporary subaltern.
The original contribution to knowledge emerging from this doctorate is via the application of Bauman and Said's late work to independent tourist discourses. The innovation is formed through disciplinary connections and popular cultural applications. There is also a re-theorisation of Spivak's most famous study, applying metaphors of the pyre to sites of backpacker tourism, with the aim of developing listening literacies. My research justifies the introduction of two new theoretical trajectories for the Tourism Studies academy. The first new approach encourages and frames a listening literacy amongst tourist cultures so they can acknowledge silenced and displaced agents in host guest interaction. The second new approach aims to infuse touristic popular culture with a powerful and political pedagogy that teaches mobile citizens to read difference and diversity.
A pleasure filter obscures the costs and consequences of global markets, often at the expense of local communities and individuals. This thesis focuses on the inequalities disseminated in and through backpacker tourism. It posits that it is not only important to change the way the tourist industry operates but also that it is necessary to change the way tourists tour. Moving off the beaten track in approaches to the study of tourism, this research project forges a new path for Tourism Studies that merges cultural theory and everyday life to develop a critical academic literacy for backpacker discourse.
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Bennett, Rebecca Jane. "Moving off the beaten track : developing a critical literacy in backpacker discourse /." Bennett, Rebecca Jane (2007) Moving off the beaten track: developing a critical literacy in backpacker discourse. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/313/.
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Reaching beneath the market surface of backpacker culture, this doctoral research probes uncomfortable politics, excluded voices and global inequalities. It questions why, in a context of economic inequality, environmental crisis, terrorism and war, the tourism industry continues to grow, unhampered by politically fractured and uneasy mediations of the world. Arguing that tourist modalities are defined in a popular memory matrix where the rules and norms for becoming a tourist are negotiated through conversation, television, popular literature, travel guides and the Internet, this research project critiques both popular and academic tourist pedagogy.
In forging an interdisciplinary dialogue between Cultural Studies and Tourism Studies, this doctoral research seeks new ways of theorising depost-globalisation. Market-driven renditions of the tourable world displace, marginalise and exclude oppositional, negative, violent and discriminatory narratives. Placing a spotlight on the discomforts found in backpacker discourse requires the application of progressive meta-theoretical discourses, alongside postcolonial and poststructuralist analysis. A serious study of touristic popular culture implicates tourism in terrorism, backpacking in poverty, imperialism in globalisation, mobility in power and backpacker discourse in the re-writing of a contemporary subaltern.
The original contribution to knowledge emerging from this doctorate is via the application of Bauman and Said's late work to independent tourist discourses. The innovation is formed through disciplinary connections and popular cultural applications. There is also a re-theorisation of Spivak's most famous study, applying metaphors of the pyre to sites of backpacker tourism, with the aim of developing listening literacies. My research justifies the introduction of two new theoretical trajectories for the Tourism Studies academy. The first new approach encourages and frames a listening literacy amongst tourist cultures so they can acknowledge silenced and displaced agents in host guest interaction. The second new approach aims to infuse touristic popular culture with a powerful and political pedagogy that teaches mobile citizens to read difference and diversity.
A pleasure filter obscures the costs and consequences of global markets, often at the expense of local communities and individuals. This thesis focuses on the inequalities disseminated in and through backpacker tourism. It posits that it is not only important to change the way the tourist industry operates but also that it is necessary to change the way tourists tour. Moving off the beaten track in approaches to the study of tourism, this research project forges a new path for Tourism Studies that merges cultural theory and everyday life to develop a critical academic literacy for backpacker discourse.
4
Ficke, David Russell. "Environmental education and high school backpacking." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2657.
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The call of the wilderness resonates in all of our hearts, with the desire to get in touch with nature and experience wilderness at some level. This project gives the high school teacher the practical resources necessary to share the passion of being in the wilderness with high school students.
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Bernstein, Juliane. "Backpacking in Ecuador : Identity, Travel style and motivation." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department for Studies of Social Change and Culture, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19343.
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The thesis discusses the backpacking culture in Ecuador. It proposes a clarification of the issue and discusses the problem from two perspectives. Questions are raised about the backpacking identity, the backpacking travel style and how they use given facilities in the host country. The work focuses and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the destination through the lens of a backpacker. The empirical material is taken from intensive interviews conducted in Ecuador.
A discussion reviews the backpacking identity, how and why backpackers travel; and the backpacker’s opinion about sustainable tourism in South America. In addition, the thesis concentrates on the travellers’ finances and how they prepare for an extended journey.
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Bustos, Idalith. "Backpacking Through My Suburban Barrio| Eco-Latina Diaries." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10263306.
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Backpacking Through My Suburban Barrio: Eco-Latina Diaries is a collection of poems and critical reflection written during my Master of Fine Arts for Creative Writing at California State University, Long Beach. The front matter examines the ways in which my poems dismantle socio-economic boundaries in order to reveal depictions of femininity, community, nature, and empowerment. The primary focus of this work rests upon the development and creation of these poems. Poems that offer renditions of suburban, urban, and natural landscapes in various ways that subvert and expose the fragility of boundaries—constantly urging the speaker and reader towards possible transcendental moments where freedom and universal unity are possible.
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Cao, Qing. "East Asian backpacker tourists' motivations for participating in backpacking." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523181.
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This study examined the motivational factors that lead East Asian backpacker tourists to choose backpacking, and whether the destination choices of East Asian backpackers vary by nationality.
A sample of 100 East Asian backpacker tourists who travelled to Yunnan, China was surveyed. Both male and female was surveyed from a variety of age, vocation and nationalities.
The results may shed light on the reasons why East Asian backpacker tourists want to participating in backpacking. Information of the study showed that East Asian backpacker tourists found many motivational factors to be important when seeking backpacking and these factors varied based on demographic characteristics.
Understanding the importance of relative motivational factors studied may help tourism service providers better understand East Asian backpacker tourists' motivations so to customize the various types of services for different backpacker tourists. The associated tourism services, such as transportation, food service, accommodations, and recreational activities, may also benefit from the research findings.
Keywords: backpacker tourists, backpacking, motivation, destination choice.
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Edwards, Russell. "Backpacking in the Digital Age: Ethnographic Perspectives from Latin America." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5729.
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My thesis ethnographically examines the changing nature of backpacking for Westerners in Latin America amid a proliferation of mobile computing and social networking. While anthropological and sociocultural research on tourism is extensive, the social scientific literature on backpacking has, thus far, been largely unconcerned with Western Hemisphere countries and the effects of digital technology on this mode of travel. Recent findings suggest, however, that backpacking has currently moved beyond its niche roots as a subculture of independent traveling into a full-fledged tourist industry. My thesis investigates the Latin American backpacking scene to better understand if this is a global trend. The available literature further suggests that today's backpackers are represented by various subgroups including older and less budget-constrained travelers known as “flashpackers.” Despite using the backpacker infrastructure, flashpackers' disposable income and relatively expensive equipment places them somewhat beyond traditional backpacker categories. Drawing on ethnographic data collected over two separate multi-sited field sessions in Nicaragua, Honduras, and Colombia, I document the recent experiences of backpackers and flashpackers and evaluate how digital technologies inform and affect their travels.M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology
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Tokalau, Filipo, and n/a. "Assessing the willingness to pay in the context of communal land values : the case of backpackers in Fiji." University of Otago. Department of Tourism, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080513.121054.
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Communal land values can, on the one hand, be an integral part of the socio-cultural experience which tourists seek and enjoy while visiting Fiji. Partly inherited from the land, such values are still vital as basis of survival in rural Fiji. They are passive so they do not command a price and therefore largely considered free however, indigenous Fijian landowners tend to perceive that such values are an inseparable part of their land and may often expect that these ought to be paid for when land is taken up for development such as in tourism. This dilemma within the tourism system could underpin land conflicts between traditional landowners and tourism entrepreneurs. As tourists ultimately bear costs, the problem can be partially addressed by focusing on their willingness to pay for communal use of land.
This research assesses the backpackers� willingness to pay (WTP) for communal values of land in Fiji, including their opinions, feelings, attitudes and perceptions. It uses a social, psychological-economic theoretical framework which postulates firstly, that backpackers will pay in order to maximise satisfaction and, that utilities from passive values can be derived and measured. Secondly, as backpackers search for authenticity, adventure and meeting local people they would tend to be self actualised and therefore willing to pay. A contingent valuation study was undertaken in Fiji from February to June 2003 with a relatively high participation and response rate. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from February to March, 2005 to elicit backpackers� knowledge, feelings, perceptions and attitudes regarding their willingness to pay for the communal use of land.
A great majority of respondents were willing to pay. CV respondents were willing to pay an average of F$6.50 for the communal value of land but the younger, highly educated and long haulers would pay less. Though a high proportion of respondents were willing to pay because they valued the communal use of land, for the majority the main reason was financial. Interviewees were willing to pay for economic, psychological and egocentric reasons. The latter two were particularly based on their motivational satisfaction and understanding of the traditional land-based survival skills. Respondents� perceptions of communal values of land, incomes and psychological attitude were also major factors underlying why they were not willing to pay.
In light of the study�s findings, it was suggested that the backpacker concept may need to be re-examined as they tended not to be necessarily as budget-minded and exploitative as generally depicted to be. Similarly, they tended to be self-actualising and also espousing motivations similar to those of mass tourists. It was also proposed that WTP can provide a basis for economically analysing the use of passive values of environmental tourism resources, such as land, which can facilitate the industry�s ability in decision making, and management. As an incentive, WTP for communal values of land can be crucial in enhancing and sustaining tourism in a land-scarce economy such as Fiji. In the interim, WTP for communal land use could also provide informed decisions to address current issues such as the Customary Fisheries Bill. Indeed, this pioneering study examines the very issues of passive values for traditionally owned resources which can be applied more broadly; not only in Fiji, but also in other parts of the Pacific.
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Falconer, Emily J. S. "Embodiment and emotion in the experiences of independent women tourists." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.568982.
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Chase, Chelsea. "An American in Europe: Reflections on Travel and Culture." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240361660.
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Bui, Thanh Huong. "Revisiting the Rite of Passage Theory in an Australian Backpacking Context." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365995.
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Backpacking as a form of independent travel has grown to become a world phenomenon. Backpacker tourism is a global trend with increasing numbers not just from traditional generating countries in Europe, but also from emerging economies in Asia, such as Korea and Japan. The increasing popularity of backpacking among young Asians calls for more attention as the research to date has mainly focused on Western backpackers. This study seeks to advance the current understanding of Asian backpacking as a social phenomenon in its relatively early stage of development. Backpacking is considered as a rite of passage among Western and Israeli youth. This meaningful travel experience broadens their horizon, helps them to better understand their home societies and generates personal development via interactions with ‘others’ in foreign environments. These sought-after values make the meaning of the backpacking experience greater than just a mere escape from modern life. This interpretation is yet to be confirmed for Asian backpackers as relatively little research has been done on Asian backpackers. The paucity of literature in this research area justifies the use of the rite of passage theory in this research to explore the meanings of travel to young Asians. This research evaluated and extended the rite of passage theory in an Asian backpacking context. Firstly, it introduced an Asian approach to the study of the rite of passage. Accordingly, the theory was interpreted in regards to the context of contemporary Asian culture and society. Secondly, the study developed measures and tested a structural model that assisted in understanding the stages of the rite of passage and their interrelations.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Gottfridsson, Sofie, and Sara Holmström. "På jakt efter en identitet : Identitetsskapande i samband med backpackingresor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192349.
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Drömmen om att resa utanför det egna landets gränser och upptäcka andra länder och kulturer blir allt vanligare och möjliggörs i och med allt billigare flygbiljetter. I och med detta har även backpackingresor tenderat att öka de senaste decennierna och har även kommit att bli något av ett socialt fenomen i Sverige. Uppsatsen berör fenomenet backpacking och vad en backpackingresa har för betydelse för identitetsskapandet hos den enskilde individen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka huruvida en backpackingresa motsvaras av en inre resa hos individen. Backpacking är sedan tidigare utforskat inom andra discipliner och uppsatsen önskar bidra till forskningsområdet med ett socialpsykologiskt perspektiv. Valda teorier utgår från den symboliska interaktionismen och innefattar Meads teorier om samspelet mellan individ och samhälle i den sociala handlingen samt Giddens teorier om identitetsskapande i det globala samhället. Det empiriska materialet består av åtta intervjuer med unga svenska backpackers. Resultatet från studien visar att informanternas identitet förändrats genom resan samt att de genomförde resan vid en brytpunkt i deras liv. Vidare belyser resultatet att resan används i syfte att skapa en berättelse om sig själv och att den även kan användas som en statusmarkör för omgivningen.The dream of traveling abroad and to discover different countries and cultures are becoming more common and is made possible with cheaper airline tickets. Backpacking has tended to increase during the last decades and has come to symbolise a new social phenomenon in Sweden. This paper concerns the phenomenon of backpacking and how backpacking is significant for the creation of an identity of the individual. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether a backpacking journey corresponds to an inner journey of the individual. Backpacking has already been explored in other disciplines and this paper wishes to contribute to existing research with a social psychological perspective. The selected theories are based on a symbolic interactionist perspective, which include Mead's theories about the interplay between the individual and society in social action and Giddens' theories of identity formation in the global community. The empirical data consists of eight interviews with young Swedish backpackers. The result of the study show that the informant’s identities changed during and after their trip and that they completed their journey at defining moments of their lives. The result also highlights that the journey can be used in order to create a story about the self and also that some of the informants may use their journey as a status marker to their surroundings. v
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West, Brad. "Backpacking Gallipoli : international civil religious pilgrimage and its challenge to national collective memory /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16458.pdf.
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Simon, Gwendal. "Pratiques touristiques dans la métropole parisienne : une analyse des mouvements intra-urbains." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601277.
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Alors que le tourisme urbain est aujourd'hui est un phénomène dont les dynamiques sont largement étudiées et que ses flux sont considérables dans certaines destinations, on sait paradoxalement assez peu de choses sur ce que font précisément les touristes dans les métropoles. Même dans une ville mondialement médiatisée comme Paris, les pratiques urbaines et les combinaisons d'activités des touristes dans le temps et l'espace sont peu connues. Cette recherche, qui se base sur une méthodologie qualitative d'entretiens semi-directifs avec des touristes étrangers, est conduite en deux temps. Le premier temps pose le projet de voyage qui guide les touristes comme cadre d'analyse de leurs pratiques urbaines. Deux types de projets touristiques sont analysés, différenciés selon les relations qu'ils entretiennent avec les pratiques dominantes et les médiations de la sphère du tourisme dans la métropole parisienne (le tourisme autonome et économe du backpacking versus le tourisme encadré et organisé d'un tour-opérateur). Le second temps confronte cette analyse à la force de l'empirie. Trois enseignements généraux sont tirés : d'abord, les configurations de voyage a priori différentes résistent mal aux polarisations symboliques et spatiales de l'espace parisien ; ensuite, la durée et/ou le nombre de voyage participent à spécialiser les pratiques de la ville ; enfin, c'est le rôle des mobilités " adhérentes " et des espaces publics comme opérateurs d'urbanité et agents actifs de la découverte du territoire visité
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Demers, Jean-Christophe. "Parcours identitaires dans la société de la performance et du narcissisme: L'hyperbole du backpacking." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28084.
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Cette thèse peut représenté une tentative de compréhension du fait social du backpacking, sur lequel se sont à ce jour penchés plusieurs auteurs, notamment le sociologue Erik Cohen, à l'aune de certaines théories sociologique qui postulent que la culture occidentale serait aujourd'hui aux prises avec une mutation de ses cadres normatifs, pensées parmi lesquelles nous comptons notamment la sociologie d'Alain Ehrenberg et l'analyse critique de l'historien Christopher Lasch. Notre recherche, fondée dans une exploration de la littérature et une brève recherche de terrain composé d'observations et d'entrevues ayant eu lieu au Pérou en janvier et février 2008, fait appel à certaines théories et concepts sociologiques, dont la notion d'identité et celle d'authenticité. Ces concepts, pensons-nous, constituent autant d'outils théoriques permettant de mieux saisir les enjeux qui traversent du même coup la pratique du backpacking et à la culture occidentale.
En outre, notre recherche avance que le backpacking pourrait être compris comme une manifestation hyperbolique et en ce sens révélatrice des trajectoires identitaires contemporaines, autant dans ce qu'elles peuvent avoir d'unique que dans leurs axes communs. Les principales avancées proposées par notre recherche sont avant tout d'ordre typologique, typologie décrivant les multiples quoique limitées trajectoires significatives sur les plans identitaires et culturels, auxquelles peut donner lieu la sous-culture du backpacking.
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Pozzobon, Kiara <1997>. "Un viaggio nel backpacking: traduzione cinese-italiano e commento traduttologico di un articolo specialistico." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21592.
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Il presente lavoro di tesi verte sulla traduzione dal cinese all’italiano di un articolo turistico tratto dal giornale “Tourism Tribune Vol. 36 No. 10, 2021”. Questo analizza il fenomeno sempre più diffuso del backpacking, ponendo però un’attenzione particolare all’analisi psicologica dei viaggiatori che adottano questo stile di viaggio e alla distinzione di questi con altre categorie di viaggiatori, in modo particolare i turisti di massa. Obiettivo ultimo è infatti quello di dimostrare, tramite un questionario, l’unicità dei backpackers, e capire in quali aspetti queste caratteristiche uniche si riflettono. Il capitolo dedicato alla traduzione è preceduto da un primo capitolo introduttivo che descrive questo fenomeno globale soffermandosi su come viene vissuto questo stile di viaggio in Cina. È poi seguito dal terzo capitolo composto dal commento traduttologico, in cui vengono spiegate le strategie adottate durante la traduzione, e dal glossario, contenente termini tecnici presenti nell’articolo.
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Meunier, Pierre. "Psychophysical assessment of load-carrying in internal and external-frame backpacks." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05022009-040630/.
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Oliveira, Rui José de. "Turistas estrangeiros backpackers em viagem pelo Brasil: perfil dos viajantes e características da viagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27148/tde-11012016-102615/.
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Objetiva-se traçar um panorama do turismo estrangeiro independente e econômico, denominado backpacker, a nível mundial e nacionalmente, apresentando sua representatividade e taxa de crescimento no período de 1996 a 2000. Comparam-se as origens e os destinos tanto no turismo convencional quanto no turismo backpacker, compreendendo que há diferenças significativas entre os mesmos. Abordam-se os aspectos que possibilitam determinar o perfil desse segmento de turistas estrangeiros, como faixa etária, sexo, renda, nível educacional e origem, assim como as características das viagens que os backpackers estrangeiros empreendem pelo Brasil como duração, roteiro, meios de locomoção e principais atividades desenvolvidas. Provoca-se discussão sobre o tratamento dispensado pelos órgãos governamentais que estabelecem as diretrizes do turismo nacional a esse segmento de turistas estrangeiros, haja vista que o Brasil oferece condições apropriadas para atrair os backpackers e sua visita propiciaria aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais de nosso interesse: incentivaria a abertura de pequenos empreendimentos de capital nacional, as receitas geradas por esse público seriam de valor considerável, o intercâmbio sociocultural entre turista-comunidade seria ampliado, dar-se-ia maior valor aos artefatos produzidos localmente e a maior conscientização dos turistas às questões ambientais seria benéficaThe purpose of this study is to provide an overview of independent and budget-minded tourists from abroad, denominated backpackers, travelling around the world and in Brazil, presenting its level of representation and growth in the period from 1996 to 2000. A comparison about the origin and destination of the conventional and backpacking tourist is demonstrated, highlighting the significant differences between both. Profile of this foreign tourist market segment, comprising age, gender, income, education level and nationality, is demonstrated, as well as the characteristics of backpackers\' travelling around Brazil, referent their stay, itinerary, transportation and major activities. A discussion concerning government institutions directives for determining national targets in the tourism area as for this foreign tourist segment is demonstrated, whereby Brazil offers appropriate conditions to attract backpackers. Their visits is shown to favour economic, social and environmental issues, encouraging the opening of small businesses, income generation stimulated by these tourists, enhancing a large social and cultural interchange between the tourist and the community, adding value to products made in Brazil and raising the consciousness of tourists about environmental matters which are beneficial to everyone
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Spasiano, Anna Chiara <1991>. "A walk on the wild side: walking and backpacking in late 20th century American travel writing." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5408.
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Retracing its history from the origins to the contemporary age, this thesis explores the evolution of walking and analyzes its transformation into backpacking and hiking in the context of global tourism, with a specific focus on contemporary North America. This thesis also considers walking, backpacking and hiking as practices deeply connected with XX century travel narratives. This will be carried out, first, by providing an overview of the scholarly studies on the subject, and then by analyzing some of representative travel narratives which show the reciprocal inspiration and contamination of walking and writing in contemporary North America.
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Varonis, Maria E. "An Unofficial Backpacker's Guide to Being Awesome Abroad." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1353433953.
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Cohen, Scott Allen, and n/a. "The search for 'self' for lifestyle travellers." University of Otago. Department of Tourism, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090819.151427.
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This thesis examines the search for self in the context of lifestyle travellers. It has been suggested that maintaining a coherent sense of self has become problematic in late modernity as the socially constructed notion of a 'true self' has come to be regarded as concrete, whilst choice has increasingly replaced obligation or tradition as a basis in defining selves. Issues of self have been noted as especially important in the context of adopted lifestyles, as lifestyle can be a means through which individuals seek coherence in their lives. Furthermore, travelling to 'find one's self' has a lengthy tradition in popular literature that has also been reflected in tourism studies where research has been conducted into backpacker and traveller identities.
Lifestyle travel is a post-traditional way of life wherein individuals are voluntarily exposed to an array of cultural praxes. Thus, the literatures on self, lifestyle and tourism point to lifestyle travel as a context where issues of self may be particularly relevant. Whilst there is a significant and growing body of research within tourism studies on backpackers, there is a dearth of information on individuals that travel as a lifestyle. Therefore, this thesis contributes to academic knowledge not only through its investigation into the search for self, but also by its conceptualisation of and empirical research into lifestyle travellers.
With criteria for defining lifestyle travellers based on of a fluid combination of self-definition of travel as one's lifestyle and multiple trips of approximately six months or more, twenty-five semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out by the researcher with lifestyle travellers in northern Indian and southern Thailand from July through September 2007. In keeping with the paradigmatic ideals of interpretivism, emergent themes were identified from within the qualitative material including meanings that the lifestyle travellers attached to the search for self, surrounding issues of avoidance and seeking that influenced why they travelled as a lifestyle and their future travel intentions.
Although there were multiple perspectives on how the search for self was conceived and approached, searching for self was voiced as a critical motivating factor for the majority of the lifestyle travellers. With a common view among most of the respondents of self as an internal object to be developed, many lifestyle travellers had been or were still on a Romantic modern quest of searching for their true self. Escapism, freedom and learning through challenge were identified as important themes surrounding the search for self, as lifestyle travellers described varying degrees of success in escaping their home societies and finding increased free space and time to learn about and challenge their ideas of self. Paradoxically, most of the lifestyle travellers sought to experience an inner self that dominant sociological views posit does not exist. The tension of searching for a unified sense of self in a world of relational selves is highlighted as not only problematic for the interviewees, but also for previous tourism studies that have premised their contributions on the existence of an inner self.
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Andreoni, Agnese <1997>. "SUBTITLING TRAVEL DOCUMENTARIES: A PROPOSED EN>IT TRANSLATION OF EGYPT AND JORDAN -EP.1: SOLO BACKPACKING EGYPT." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21003.
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La sottotitolazione di documentari di viaggio è una recente pratica traduttiva audiovisiva non ancora molto diffusa, ma che potrebbe contribuire alla diffusione di culture, filosofie ed esperienze di viaggio. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di proporre una versione sottotitolata in italiano del video Egypt and Jordan -Ep.1: Solo backpacking Egypt realizzato da Karl Watson e caricato su YouTube il 2 maggio 2019.
La tesi è divisa in tre capitoli. Il primo si apre con una panoramica generale sulla traduzione audiovisiva dove la sottotitolazione viene inquadrata all’interno della classificazione di Gottlieb (1992). Partendo dalle teorie più importanti, il capitolo si focalizzerà sulla definizione e lo sviluppo della sottotitolazione, in particolare nell’ambito dei documentari di viaggio che rappresentano l’oggetto di ricerca. Le strategie di sottotitolazione presentate sono affiancate dalla descrizione dei principali vincoli tecnici tipici di questa pratica audiovisiva. Nell’ultima parte sono brevemente illustrate le teorie contemporanee riguardo sviluppo e inserimento di pop-up come forma di supporto ai sottotitoli.
Il secondo capitolo riguarda le principali caratteristiche dei documentari di viaggio. L’analisi parte dalle origini del documentario generico e dal suo sviluppo negli ultimi secoli. Successivamente, vengono proposte diverse classificazioni del documentario di viaggio come genere specifico. In particolar modo, viene descritto l’uso di mappe e animazioni come mezzo per intrattenere, ottenere l’attenzione degli spettatori ed educare. Infine, viene analizzato il ruolo dei narratori e delle cosiddette talking heads (teste parlanti), in riferimento al dialogo e al registro usato dagli stessi, attraverso esempi riportati dal caso di studio.
L’ultimo capitolo si apre con la presentazione del contenuto del video Egypt and Jordan -Ep.1: Solo backpacking Egypt. In seguito, il documentario di viaggio viene descritto da un punto di vista traduttivo, applicando le principali teorie descritte nel Capitolo 1.
La parte centrale di questo capitolo è occupata dalla versione tradotta e sottotitolata in italiano del video, realizzata con l’ausilio del programma di sottotitolazione Aegisub.
L’ultima parte della tesi ospita il commento traduttologico in cui sono analizzati criticamente i principali problemi traduttivi attraverso esempi dal caso di studio. Infine, vengono proposti degli esempi di inserimento di pop-up per dimostrare quanto essi possano essere uno strumento interessante in grado di ampliare e completare l’insieme delle informazioni fornite nei sottotitoli.
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Ekenstein, Josefine, and Erica Mogel. ""Det gäller att passa på när man kan" : en kvalitativ studie om upprepat backpackerresande." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33040.
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This qualitative study "It’s all about catching the possibilities” by Erica Mogel and Josefine Ekenstein investigates the reasons why the respondents continue to travel on backpacker trips and how they experience personal development in connection with travelling. The empirical material was collected through interviews where the interviews were formulated through two questions that were based on the theoretical framework used in the study. The theoretical frameworks used are Pearce’s (2005) Travel Career Ladder and theories of identity creation by Giddens (1997) and Durkheim. Finally, the most frequent driving forces are presented to the repeated backpacking as well as how the individual experiences developing during the trips. The study reveals that personal development in connection with travelling can be manifested in many different ways. The greatest development among the interviewees in this study has taken place socially. The main motives for continued travel were to find a sense of freedom that the interviewees thought could only be experienced when travelling. The interviewee’s premises at home enabled this type of recurring travelling.Denna kvalitativa studie “Det gäller att passa på när man kan” av Erica Mogel och Josefine Ekenstein undersöker motiven till varför intervjupersonerna fortsätter att åka på backpackerresor samt hur de upplever personlig utveckling i samband med resorna. Det empiriska materialet samlades in genom intervjuer där intervjuguiden tagits fram via två frågeställningar som skapats utifrån de teoretiska ramverk som använts i studien. De teoretiska ramverken som använts är Pearce (2005) Travel Career Ladder samt teorier om identitetsskapande av Giddens (1997) och Durkheim. Avslutningsvis presenteras de mest återkommande drivkrafterna till det upprepande backpackerresandet samt hur individen upplever sig utvecklas under resorna. Studien kommer fram till att den personliga utvecklingen kan visa sig på många olika sätt men att den största utvecklingen sker socialt. De främsta motiven till fortsatt resande var att finna en frihetskänsla som intervjupersonerna menade endast kunde upplevas på resande fot. Intervjupersoneras förutsättningar hemma möjliggjorde denna typ av återkommande resande.
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William, Flynn. "In the middle of nowhere? A sociological guide to the beaten tracks of backpacking in the former British Empire." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36381.
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Since the 1970s backpacking travel has become an increasingly popular and desirable pursuit among young people from western countries. Guidebooks such as Lonely Planet sold young people the practical know-how that would allow them to travel ‘off-the-beaten-track’. The off-the-beaten-track travel experiences of present-day backpackers’ are one way in which youth lifestyle, geography and identity are consumed and produced away from home and apart from the everyday world. This thesis provides an historical, textual and ethnographic analysis of the practices and discourses which distinguish travel from tourism, and it examines how particular destinations and experiences are considered more challenging, and therefore more valuable, than others. In particular it seeks to answer the question of what makes India such a ‘special place’ in the world of backpacking as a ‘litmus test’ for off-the-beaten-track travel. It begins by analyzing the historical precursors and ideological antecedents of the discourses and practices of independent travel and tourism in 19th Europe, with a focus on England and the role played by independent guidebooks in that period. The textual strategies employed in the most popular guidebooks today, those published by Lonely Planet, are then analyzed in connection with the production and consumption of particular backpacking enclaves in Canada, Ireland, and India, where the promise of travel as a self-cultivating, authentic, and valuable activity is realized. Finally, through a combination of detailed, in-depth, qualitative interviews with 24 backpackers in Canada, India and Ireland, historical and contemporary analyses of the Lonely Planet brand and guidebooks, as well as a multi-sited ethnography in three popular backpacker destinations of Vancouver, Delhi, and Cork, the thesis analyzes how the ideological codes of travel and tourism are historically produced, textually and orally mediated, and geographically circulated in the field of backpacking travel.
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Wallstam, Martin. "Backpacker Institutionalization : Towards an Experience-Based Typology." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-14631.
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Backpacking is becoming an increasingly commonplace rite of passage for today’s independent travellers. So much so that it is not only a small niche segment anymore but is turning into a sizeable market for some destinations. Backpackers seem to lead the way into unexploited regions,subsequently opening the door for other forms of tourism. In effect, the normalization ofbackpacking brings with it questions of sustainability. This thesis sets out to explore the transition of tourism segments in destinations, particularly that of backpackers into the mainstream. It does so through a participant-observer data collection in the Philippines. The material is then analysed by grounded theory and presented in an ethnography format through a thematic review. A typological framework is the product, which brings an experience perspective to existing classification systems. Findings suggest that there are indeed nuances within the seemingly homogenous backpacker segment and that a continuous change of visitor profiles within destinations seems likely. Institutionalized backpacking turns out to be the missing link that accounts for the change from purism to mass tourism. Future explorative research is then advised, to find relationships between visitor types and to construe concrete suggestions for likely causes to the observed categorical transitions.
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Markward, Anne. "Backpackers the next generation? : a thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the degree of Master of Philosophy, 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/435.
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New Zealand has a well-established network of accommodations, transportation, and visitor activities developed specifically for backpackers. These tourists account for almost ten percent of the country’s international visitor expenditure. To date, the majority of backpacker research has focussed on the traditional market segment of student and youth travellers, though a few quantitative studies have also researched the needs and preferences of older travellers using hostels and backpackers’ accommodations. Though more than 50 percent of New Zealand’s international visitors are over age 40, few currently stay at this type of accommodation. Using New Zealand as a case study, this thesis explores, qualitatively, the perspectives of older backpackers: their self-perceptions, their travel motivations, their needs and expectations in accommodation. In addition, it examines the points of view of the owners of small, independent backpackers’ accommodations to gain their perspectives on hosting a multi-generational clientele and on what the implications might be of expanding this market. Key findings show that older travellers who use backpackers’ accommodations technically meet all Pearce’s (1990) original definitions of “backpacker” – they prefer budget accommodations, they are socially interactive, they travel independently and flexibly, they travel for longer holidays than do most, and they choose informal and participatory activities. However, these travellers reject the self-definition of “backpacker”, an impasse that presents a lexical challenge to both scholars and tourism marketers. The final section addresses the impacts and implications of “backpacker” nomenclature on baby boomer travellers, academia, and the backpacker industry at large.
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Bosche, Lucy L. "Woman Into The Wild: Female Thru-Hikers and Pilgrimage on the Appalachian and Pacific Crest Trails." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/203.
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This thesis follows solo women hikers as they embark upon walking either the Pacific Crest Trail or the Appalachian Trail from beginning to end. By witnessing the ways in which the women hikers navigate the counter-culture of the trails, a critique of American society is revealed. This paper focuses on the differences between trail culture and normative culture, the transformations the hikers undergo, and how the hikes have affected the women’s lives.
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Leitão, Francisco Afonso de Carvalho Pinheiro. "Paraísos cruzados: itinerários simétricos em Carabane, uma ilha turística no Sul do Senegal." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7552.
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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Antropologia: Culturas VisuaisEm Carabane, ilha turística da região da Casamansa, no Sul do Senegal, cruzam-se as rotas de turistas, emigrados e expatriados ocidentais locais e ainda as perspectivas de migração para o Ocidente de uma parte da população local. O resultado dessa confluência neste cenário é o ponto de partida para uma maquetagem da heterogeneidade de discursos e práticas que se processam no seio dessa economia negociada de desejos mútuos, profundamente enformada pelas lógicas de sentido contemporâneas.
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Bredberg, Emma, Kajsa Holm, Malin Lönnberg, and Emma Svensson. "En global värld : en global människa?" Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2968.
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Resande, globalt engagemang och arbete utomlands av olika former är företeelser som förändrar människors syn på världen. Dessa tillhör samtiden och de blir därmed aktuella och relevanta att diskutera. Att vi lever i en global värld påverkar våra livsvillkor och innebär i sin tur nya möjligheter och förutsättningar för individen. Begrepp som är centrala att diskutera blir därmed livsstil, engagemang, svenskhet och världsmedborgarskap.
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Haynie, Kathleen Louise. "A Good Mormon Wife." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1119.
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Within the Mormon culture, women are expected to marry, raise children, and be a "helpmeet" to their husbands. Both men and women are taught that they cannot attain the highest degree of heaven unless they are married in a Mormon temple, where they have been "sealed for time and all eternity." Although neither one can achieve this lofty goal without the other, and although there are some aspects of the Mormon culture in which there is a fair degree of equality between men and women, there is no denying that this is a patriarchal culture. Men hold the priesthood and they preside in their homes. The woman is the man's companion and counselor. Kathy Haynie converted to Mormonism when she was just eighteen, and she met and married her husband only two years later. She is committed to her religion and to her new family, and so she is as surprised as anyone when she begins to chafe under a manipulative and controlling husband. She is naive and credulous, and so she assumes that she needs to pray more, keep her mouth shut, and endure to the end. All of that changes when she attends a week of outdoor training for Boy Scout leaders, where she is one of only a handful of woman, and the only woman in her training patrol. Near the end of the week, Kathy realizes that she has been ignoring a self she has held within for fifteen years. Torn between her love of her children and her commitment to stable family life, and the increasing need she feels for genuine companionship, Kathy navigates the uncertain realm of friendship with one of her scouting friends. We watch her blossom as she gains confidence and skills to take her family out into the wilderness at the same time that she is deluding herself about her involvement with her friend. Family, faith, and friendship collide in this memoir of a Mormon wife and mother.
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Bender, John Brett. "Lost tramps & cherry tigers." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/68/.
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Hitchcock, Kelly Alexandra. "Tourism and development : a case study of Mdumbi Backpackers and Transcape non-profit organisation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013143.
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The former Transkei region of the Eastern Cape of South Africa, in common with many of the other former Bantustans, is currently facing a developmental backlog. It is one of the poorest regions of the country and is a direct product of South Africa’s history of colonisation and geopolitical nature of apartheid in which people were forcibly located onto former tribal lands, called Bantustans. Tourism is one of the few business opportunities providing employment along the former Transkei coast. The tourism industry has been identified by many worldwide as a key strategy that can lead to economic upliftment, community development and poverty relief in the developing world. The predicament however, lies in the challenge of accepting or managing the negative consequences of tourism for the potential long term benefits offered by tourism-led development. Tourism development theory reflects development theory from traditional, top-down economic-growth based models to a more wide based approach with an emphasis on bottom-up planning, meeting of basic human need and a focus on sustainable development. Consequentially new and alternative forms of tourism have emerged and can be viewed as a response to some of the negative consequences of the mass tourism-led model of economic development. Backpacker tourism is one niche of the tourism market that is providing positive local socioeconomic benefits. This thesis is presented as a case study of Mdumbi Backpackers on the former Transkei coast. Mdumbi Backpackers is a unique example of a model of tourism that is providing meaningful benefits to the people who live in this community. By going one step further with the creation of the non-profit organisation Transcape, their involvement in the community has grown significantly, encouraging positive and sustainable development in the areas of social development, education and health. Mdumbi Backpackers goes beyond the notions of locally owned and sustainable approaches and actively encourages development by setting up community organisations and initiatives in a sustainable and equitable way. This approach to tourism-led development is well suited for the needs and objectives of the community as well preserving the natural environment. This thesis presents an exemplary example from which lessons can be learned and applied to developing tourism in a sustainable and equitable way in other rural communities.
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LIN, YU-FENG, and 林玉芬. "Motivation and Experience of Female Backpacking in Nepal." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s8zjgp.
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碩士萬能科技大學
經營管理研究所在職專班
107
The purposes of this study were to explore the motivation of female backpackers, the value to the backpackers and the growth and changes of the mind and body. The desires to revisit again and others factors were also investigated. In recent years, the elevation in womens economic independence and education level prompted the trend for self-assisted backpacking. The change in national lifestyle, leisure concepts and the development of the Internet have made traveling more convenient. Tourism has changed from traditional group-based to backpack travel. The researcher used a qualitative research method to interview six self-assisted female backpackers traveled to Nepal through semi-structured face-to-face interviews. There was also a male participant for comparison. Research results were as follow: (1) The motivation for female backpacking travelers were mainly to relax and for a change of the pace in their lifestyle, challenge the pursuit of self-realization, experience different foreign cultural landscapes and learn to self-growth. (2) Women were more concerned and paid more attention than men in safety due to physical differences. It was showed in the process of pre-departure preparation and travel experience. In terms of the travel experience, it was not just a tour, but also in-depth experience to taste a variety of local cuisine, learn about local customs, expand one’s horizons and build self-confidence. (3) All participants have indicated that there were causes for the growth and development in the mind and body after the Nepal’s journey. They cherished their life and work environment, shared their experiences and helped others, and then wanted to revisit the local life and human landscape. (4) The affordable cost of travel, slow-paced life and pleasant scenery in Nepal were the main factors of attractions for their willingness to revisit again.
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Mograbi, Jonathan Brandon. "The role of Gauteng in South Africa's backpacking economy." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/4798.
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Abstract
This study is a detailed investigation into the backpacking sector of
Gauteng. The findings of both a backpacker consumer survey and a
backpacker enterprise survey are drawn upon in revealing the current
trends and key shaping issues within Gauteng’s backpacking sector. As
the province in which South Africa’s major international airport is
situated, Gauteng plays a key role as the starting and concluding point
for backpacker travel in South Africa. As such, the form and function of
the backpacking industry of Gauteng has evolved to suit this somewhat
narrow, yet crucial, role played by the province. Within the limited
role that Gauteng plays in the South African backpacking economy, a
number of obstacles to the growth and socio-economic impacts of
Gauteng’s backpacking sector are identified. Several strategic
recommendations are put forward in order to address these challenges.
These recommendations aim to broaden the role that Gauteng plays within
the budget tourism industry, and remove the barriers to growth, so as to
ensure that the sector plays a part in the wider national goals of
empowerment and redistributive growth.
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MAO, LAN-CHI, and 毛蘭綺. "The Motivation of Backpacking Travel to Janpan for Female." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5gzbn7.
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MAO, YA-CHEN, and 毛雅貞. "The Motivation of Backpacking Travel to Korea for Female." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/455c42.
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HUANG, HSIU-TING, and 黃琇婷. "The Motivation of Backpacking Travel to France for Female." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9658fa.
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Chen, Siou-Yu, and 陳秀瑜. "The influence of overseas backpacking honeymoons on newlyweds’ marital adjustment." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79621747085328918224.
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碩士亞洲大學
休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班
100
Honeymoons have become an indispensable travel activity for newlyweds. The study aimed to explore the phenomenon and significance of newlyweds’ marital adjustment during an overseas backpacking honeymoon. The study method adopted in this research centers on qualitative research in which in depth interviews were conducted with six newlywed couples who had an overseas backpacking honeymoon experience. The findings indicated that the specific characteristics of an overseas backpacking honeymoon, that is, independence, privacy, impression, risk and conflict that may cause adjustment problems such as communication, living habits, emotions and thoughts during the honeymoon. Also, newlyweds resolved conflicts by means of “expression”, “understanding and tolerance”, “silence” and “compromise”. In this way, newlyweds may increase endurance, understand their mates better, go through thick and thin together, and improve relationships. The findings also revealed that overseas backpacking honeymoons offer a special situation for newlyweds’ marital adjustment. Newlyweds who can resolve conflicts in the above-mentioned ways may accelerate marital adjustment and achieve the goals of “understanding mates deeply”, “changing attitudes and behavior”, “strengthening faith” and “activating marriage”. Key Words: newlywed, backpacking honeymoon, marital adjustment
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LIN, YU-CHUN, and 林郁君. "A Narrative Study of Two Wheelchair Users’ Experience on International Backpacking." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33tz57.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
特殊教育學系碩士班
104
The purpose of this study is to explore the international backpacking experience of wheelchair users. The researcher recruited two wheelchair users to participate in the qualitative study. Through in-depth interviews, participants narrated their international backpacking experiences and highlighted their motivation, itinerary planning, challenges they faced, coping strategies they used to overcome the difficulties, and post-trip reflections. This study adopted narrative inquiry and analyzed data by “categorical-content” model to identify the differences and similarities between the participants’ international backpacking experiences. The results are as follow: 1.Motivation of international backpacking : Because of their physical disability and limited mobility, participants often needed instrumental or financial support to assist them in daily living. Family as a source of instrumental support and additional finical support become more important in order to ensure accessibility of their trips. 2.Itinerary planning: Participants sought advises from friends who are familiar with the area they were set out for, or friends with extensive experiences for backpacking. 3.Challenges and coping strategies: Due to the limitation of mobility, participants faced challenges while traveling, for example “accessibility to the destination”,” accessibility of transportation”,” proactive pre-trip communication while still in Taiwan. “,”communication with caregiver”, and ” emergency response plans”. However, participants had overcome the challenges and difficulties with positive attitude and problem-solving skills. 4.Post-trip reflection: Both participants considered accessible environment as a key factor to successful international backpacking experiences. On the other hand, they reported different reactions to their travel companies because of the different role expectations and the length of time to interact. However, both of them believed that they had grown from these experiences. For example, learning to deal with time management, feeling a sense of self-efficacy, and realizing the importance of communication with other people, especially when it comes to expressing their needs clearly. Finally, the study discussed the above-mentioned findings and offered suggestions for further research, other wheelchair-user travelers, hotel’s managers, transportation planners, and special education teachers.
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HO, I.-FANG, and 何宜芳. "The Effect of Flashpackers’ Different Wayfinding Strategies on Backpacking Flow Experience." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vnb87v.
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碩士大葉大學
休閒事業管理學系碩士班
106
The purpose of this research is to understand the wayfinding strategies favored by flashpackers, the demographic differences in wayfinding strategies and flow experiences, and the effect of flashpackers’ different wayfinding strategies on backpacking flow experience. According to the purposes mentioned above, the online questionnaire survey was conducted on flashpackers by purposive sampling, and a total of 409 valid questionnaires were retrived. Retrived data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and regression analysis. The results are as follows: 1.Flashpackers prefer the route strategy. 2.There was a significant difference on the orientation strategy in the gender differences of flashpackers. The mean of male is higher than that of female. 3.There was a significant difference on the route strategy in the age differences of flashpackers. The mean of respondents over aged 45 is higher than of those under 45. 4.There was a significant difference on the flow experience in the gender, ages, educational attainment, and careers differences of flashpackers. 5.The dimensions of flow experience, "clear goals and concentration", "autotelic experience and self-challenge", "loss of self-consciousness", and "transformation of time", were significantly and positively correlated with the wayfinding strategies. 6.The orientation strategy can best perdict for the dimension of flow experience, "clear goals and concentration", which could explain 22% of the variances. It also has the predicted power on the overall flow experience. According to the results of this research, some suggestions are put forward as a reference for related industries, flashpackers, and the future researchers.
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de, L'Etoile Olivier. "Le paradoxe du backpacking chez les jeunes Québécois : entre individualisation et connexion." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18842.
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L’ouverture au monde est de rigueur chez les jeunes d’aujourd’hui au Québec comme ailleurs. Membres d’office de la génération Y, les jeunes sont d’emblée familiers avec les « nouvelles technologies ». En effet, les moyens numériques et les réseaux sociaux n’ont plus de secrets pour eux et leur permettent de nouer contact à l’échelle de la planète. Il devient dès lors tentant de partir à l’aventure, sac au dos, afin de se conformer à l’ouverture au monde vue comme une qualité.
Le présent mémoire de maîtrise envisage le backpacking, c’est-à-dire la façon de voyager qui a actuellement la cote chez les jeunes, en particulier les étudiants, en mettant un sac sur son dos et en partant à l’aventure afin de pouvoir enrichir les qualités qu’ils reconnaissent à leur propre personne. En effet, quitter son épicentre social, souvent seul, en « voyageant léger » dans des contrées étrangères contribue à la capacité d’agir de son propre chef et d’être soi-même, en acquérant des qualités susceptibles de mettre en exergue leur individualité. La tendance se conçoit en théorie à la lumière des thèses sur l’individualisation présentes en sociologie et qui, ici, seront considérées avec nuances.
L’analyse mise en œuvre s’appuie sur des entrevues semi-directives recueillies de la bouche de backpackers jugés représentatifs de cette inclination à mettre sa routine quotidienne entre parenthèses afin de vouloir agir par soi-même. Or, l’étude produite dans les pages du mémoire révèle que, à leur niveau, ils voyagent librement, mais en ayant en main téléphone intelligent ou portable grâce auquel ils restent constamment connectés avec leur épicentre social, leurs parents et amis, qui ce faisant exerce un pouvoir d’inflexion sur leur périple et sur leurs agissements à l’étranger. Comment expliquer ce paradoxe? Voyager sac au dos dans l’intention d’agir par soi-même, mais être continuellement sujet au regard des autres, lesquels peuvent gouverner à certains égards la marge de manœuvre propice à l’individualisation qui a valeur de qualité. Voilà ce que cherche à expliquer ce mémoire.Being open to the world is trending with today’s youth in Quebec and elsewhere. Members of the Generation Y, young people are already familiar with "new technologies". Indeed, the digital ways and the social media networks have no secret for them, and allow them to keep in touch on a worldwide scale. It then becomes tempting to leave on an adventure, a bag on their back, to conform to the view of being open to the world as a quality. The present Master’s thesis considers the notion of backpacking, namely a trending way of travelling by young people, in particular students, by putting a bag on their back and leaving on a journey to enrich their qualities as individuals. Indeed, leaving their social epicenter, often alone, while traveling "light" in foreign parts of the world contributes to their capacity to act on their own initiative and acquiring qualities susceptible to highlight their individuality. This trend is theoretically designed in the light of theses about individualization present in sociology and which, here, will be considered with nuances. The current analysis leans on semi-directive interviews from backpackers considered representative of this inclination to put their daily routine on hold in order to act by themselves. The study produced in the pages of this report reveals that, at their level, they travel freely, while keeping a smart phone or a portable device which they constantly remain connected to their social epicenter, their parents and friends. In doing so, the devices exercise a power of inflection on their trip and on their actions abroad. How do we explain this paradox? Backpacking with the intention to act on their own, but constantly be subjected to others opinions, which in turn can in some respects govern the control facilitating individualization at its quality value. That is what the Master’s thesis tries to explain.
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Rau, Lynn M. "The effect of textiles on perceived physiological comfort while backpacking in the cold." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30776.
Full textAbstract:
Clothing is the primary means that wilderness backpackers have to protect themselves from injuries and illnesses that can occur while hiking in the cold. The current method of layering clothing may not meet backpackers' needs for both thermal insulation and heat dissipation, particularly in areas of the body that produce greater sweat, and during times of high physical exertion. No previous studies have addressed backpackers' needs for thermal and moisture comfort in different body areas within a single layer garment. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate a single-layer garment of different textiles, to improve the physiological comfort of male backpackers hiking in cold winter weather conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify the physiological comfort needs of male backpackers hiking in the cold, to design a prototype backpacking shirt to improve comfort, and to evaluate the comfort and performance of the prototype over time, in comparison to a control.
Male backpackers were recruited from a wilderness therapy company in Bend, Oregon, where subjects' employment duties included regularly backpacking in the cold. Qualitative data was collected by interviewing the subjects about their physiological comfort needs, types of garments and materials worn, dissatisfactions and preferences with hiking clothing, and locations on the body that need better attention to thermal and moisture comfort. Information provided by the qualitative interviews was used to develop design criteria. From the guarded hot plate and moisture management testing, results were used to select one thermal insulation, moisture management, and control fabric for the garment design. Based on the design criteria, a prototype shirt was developed. A prototype garment was constructed using the combination of the thermal, moisture, and control fabrics; while a control garment was constructed in an identical style using only the control fabric. The prototype and control garments were worn and tested by subjects while they backpacked. Additionally, comparisons of thermal insulation data between the prototype and control garment were collected on a thermal manikin.
Major findings from the qualitative interviews were that subjects preferred base layer shirts made with synthetic fibers and style features that helped retain body heat. Subjects preferred to have greater thermal insulation in the chest and the arms, and less thermal insulation in the underarms and upper back area. Additionally, subjects were concerned about durability. A polyester fleece pile-knit was selected for the thermal insulation fabric and located in the arms and chest of the prototype. The moisture management fabric selected was a polyester fiber mesh knit fabric and was located in the upper back, underarms, and side seams of the garment. The control fabric was a brushed polyester double knit fabric and was located in all other body areas of the prototype and in the entire control garment.
The wear test data indicated that both the control and prototype garments were perceived to be comfortable. The prototype had slightly better overall comfort than the control, and there were significant differences found between the prototype and the control in the areas of overall comfort, combined thermal comfort, and combined moisture comfort. The prototype did not consistently have better comfort performance than the control in each trial and for each subject. It was found that the prototype and control shirts could be worn without additional layers when the temperatures were above 35 ��F and 40 ��F, respectively. Thermal manikin testing results confirmed that the overall thermal insulation of both test shirts was equal, but that the prototype had greater or less thermal insulation than the control in specific body areas, depending on the placement of the thermal insulation or moisture management fabric.
In summary, the prototype shirt designed in this study has accomplished the goal of providing backpackers' physiological comfort needs identified in the qualitative interviews.�� The design prototype, when worn alone, is able to keep backpackers comfortable when hiking in cold conditions, particularly in temperatures above 35��F. Although not intended to be worn as part of a layer system, the prototype also keeps backpackers comfortable when they are wearing multiple clothing layers. The use of different fabrics in different body areas satisfies the backpackers' needs of both retaining and dissipating body heat with changes in physical activity. Although both the prototype and the control shirts were found to have good thermal, moisture, and overall comfort, the prototype had slightly higher overall comfort ratings than the control.�� In addition, both the prototype and the control were perceived to be better than the subjects' own base layer shirts, and all subjects were willing to recommend the shirts to other hikers.Graduation date: 2013
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liwei, Chuang, and 莊麗薇. "Backpacking, tourism and cultural imagination--a case study of theBackpacking discourse in Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71213239320617375601.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
社會學系
95
Most of the current backpacking research focus on the backpackers’ travel experience. However, the negligence of travel discourse can lead to the danger of essentialising the backpacking phenomenon. Therefore, this research is to fill this lack by focusing on the influence of the public media – how do travel TV program and travel writing influence the imagination of travel of the traveler in current Taiwan society. This research will then explore the effect of the travel representation on the packpackers' travel experience. The result of this research indicates that under the systematic operation of tourism industry, which belongs to culture industry, travel in the current Taiwan society can be therefore represented by the following four travel meaning: 1.Travel is an activity that escapes from the present situation temporarily. 2.Travel is a way that enriches the knowledge and experience. 3.Travel is an activity of self-exploring. 4.Travel is a kind of life style. And indeed, we can find the corresponding result from the backpackers through this kind of travel imagination discourse. Namely, for the backpackers, backpacking, as a leisure activity, constituting the meaning of temporary escape from the present situation, enhancement of knowledge and experience and to witness the imagination of travel, self-searching, and experience of different cultures. Consequently, this result tells the fact that due to its autonomy, different from the guided tour, backpacking has become tourism industry’s favorite pet. In the course of backpacking’s self-determination, everyone in the current capitalism society, is able to recover their mental and physical healthy, and returns to their own position to dedicate their energy to the cycle of production and reproduction of the next turn after the end of the leisure journey.
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CHEN, HSIEH I., and 謝宜臻. "A Study on the Process and Benefit of Recreation Experiences for Backpacking Travelers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02765921203336099364.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
景觀與遊憩碩士學位學程
101
The major purpose of this study was aimed at those who conduct self-service travelling or so called backpackers and the exploration of their experiences about the contents of self- actualization concepts before, during and after their trips. Ten respondents were selected by this study including those travelers who were on vacation or in the period of transition from formal jobs to dialogue with themselves in depth. A qualitative questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data as the basis for the analyses and discussions in this study. Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory, ten &;quot;traveling attitudes&;quot; were summarized from the data on the feelings sources of self-actualization and practical elements. According to the analyses of this study, major findings of this study included: the most frequent response to the practical elements were &;quot;things to do in my life&;quot; (life goal) and &;quot;I&;#39;m completed&;quot; (achievement) , while &;quot;safe journey&;quot; and &;quot;consultants among friends &;quot; (satisfaction) were next, and followed by&;quot; language proficiency &;quot; was the least frequent. Backpacker respondents still remained indulging in a condition of happiness when they were interviewed regarding their travelling dialog. A re-understanding of the backpackers themselves was the key to start a backpacking travel, while the aspects of &;quot;enhance the degree of confidence&;quot;, &;quot;open the breadth of life&;quot; and &;quot;self-actualization&;quot; were the sources of courage to seize every opportunity to chase after dreams bravely. However, owing to the popularity of backpacking, participations is quite less than travelling in groups, the social support is relatively weak in its establishment. According to the results of this study, some recommendations and future research topics were provided as tour operation references for travel agents, tourism groups participants and those who are planning to be backpackers, and future researchers.
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Fang, Shu-i., and 方淑儀. "The Study on the Experiential Learning of Elementary School Female Teachers Backpacking abroad." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mvntu3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
社會教育學系
94
Abstract The thesis aims to explore the motivations and the experiences of elementary school female teachers backpacking abroad as well as the various influences on their teaching and daily life after backpacking. According to a review of the literature concerning the studies of the experiential learning of adult, the theories of the backpacking and the analysis of the women’s leisure experiences, a series of interviews were undertaken. The analysis and the presentation of the interview data were then discussed. The intention is to dissect the views held by interviewees, four elementary school female teachers loving to backpack abroad, on their experiential learning from backpacking abroad. Description and analysis of these interviewees’ statements suggest that the experiences in backpacking abroad were interpreted in different aspects by interviewees, particularly in the perception of the combination of freedom, self-dependence, and the inner experiences rising from the journey. The analysis also illustrates the diversity of the interviewees’ motivations and the applications of the backpacking abroad experiences especially connecting with their daily work and life. The conclusion reviews the research findings and offers related suggestions. Issues for further research are finally put forward. Key words：backpacking abroad, experiential learning, female teachers, elementary school, women leisure.
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Huang, Cheng-Fu, and 黃振富. "Backpacking as a Construction of Authentic Experience--A Case ese Female Backpacker to Europe." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86338697642216460615.
Full text
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Hsu, Yen-Hui, and 徐彥暉. "The Study of the Risk Perception of Outdoor Education Instructors---The Case of Backpacking Activity." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99175484979067135130.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立體育大學
休閒產業經營學系碩士班
99
The purposes of this study were to investigate the outdoor educational instructors’ risk perception in the backpacking activities. This study adopted case study of qualitative research method. The researcher had conducted the survey by semi-structured interview and the documents from the 9 outdoor instructors which included 3 females and 6 males and their age are between 26 to 47 years old. Major purposes are as followed, A. What are outdoor educational instructors’ risk perceptions in backpacking activities? B. Depending on risk perception. What are the plans and outcomes when designing the outdoor programs? C. When doing backpacking activities, what are the organizations’ risk perceptions which are based on outdoor programs? This study found that the most important factor which may affect the risk level is human behaviors. The instructors’ behaviors are particularly important. The safety level in the programs is depended on the instructors’ risk perceptions. The instructors who have high risk perception will avoid risk before the accident occurred. The instructors who have lower or no risk perception may delay the time to deal with the accident. The instructors’ risk perception can be raised by experience, training and following the risk management rules. The outdoor programs’ level can be adjusted by different clients. Otherwise, the instructors should consider both risk and clients’ learning when leading the programs. Therefore, an organization or person which has well risk management concept will establish risk management system. The rest of instructors make their risk management rule by personal judgment. According to this finding, the researcher presents suggestions for outdoor educational organizations to raise the safety level of programs in Taiwan. The suggestions are presented as following: A. To enhance the outdoor instructors’ training, self-expedition and social skill. Especially, the soft skill and transforming skill. B. To establish risk management system in outdoor educational organizations and to set up the risk management rules in the field. Key words: outdoor education, instructor, risk perception, risk management
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WEI, LING-CHIEN, and 魏伶倩. "A Study on Factors, Willingness and Tourist Cost of Backpacking Travel for Elementary School Teacher." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hvd4cp.
Full textAbstract:
碩士佛光大學
應用經濟學系
107
This study aimed to investigate:1.Elementary school teachers personal factors and tourist overview difference with pushing,contraints,personality traits and tourist willingness. 2.The influence of pushing,contraints and personality traits on tourist willingness of backpacking travel for elementary school teacher.3.Use economic models to describe backpacking travel pushing,contraints,personality traits relationship between tourist willingness.4.Use the economic model to verify when pushing、contraints、personality traits change,the tourist willingness and tourist cost will follow change and have economic benefit.5.Provide suggestions based on the results of the above studies for interested parties refer to and explore more deeply.By giving out a questionnaire to 393 have backpacking travel experience elementary school teachers,The research results are as follows: 1.Tourist willingness:Under the premise of a total score of 50 points.Positive type and new generation of the internet type higher than average type.Average type is 4.4 points less than positive type.Average type is 2.9 points less than new generation of the internet type.Go forward type higher than think deeply type and consideration location type.Go forward type is 2.6 points higher than think deeply type.Go forward type is 1.1 points higher than consideration location type.Friendly type lesser than influences type and steady type. 2.Tourist cost:In the last travel cost. Average type costs more than the other two clusters.Go forward type type costs less than the other two clusters.Think deeply type is 2,987 dollars higher than go forward type.Consideration location type is 2,602 dollars higher than go forward type.Friendly type costs more than the other two clusters.
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CHANG, YA-HUI, and 張雅惠. "The Study on the Motivation of Travel and Revisiting Intention of Female Backpacking Tourists in Korea." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q2hf3r.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南華大學
旅遊管理學系休閒環境管理碩士班
105
With the enhancement of females’ economic and self-consciousness, females can absorb much travel information with the guide book and from the internet. Females’ backpacking overseas has become flourishing in the recent few years. Through the semi-structured of face-to-face in-depth interviews, females who have many travel experiences and males who have ever been to Korea for backpacking were recruited for the interviews. We can see whether there are different thoughts about backpacking in Korea from comparing with different genders. The data is collected via recording, supported by photos and text analysis. The research direction is divided into three stages: “before”, “during “and “after” the traveling and to explore its behavior and problem level. The result indicated that the motivation of females’ backpacking overseas is staying in different environments or relaxing. Females do more travel planning and have more careful thoughts than males. Females not only go shopping, but also record the process on the way and experience the domestic culture during the trips. Females have various growths, understand more about its culture after the trip, and would like to revisit and experience again.