Academic literature on the topic 'Background studies'

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Journal articles on the topic "Background studies"

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Zhang, Jian-Qi, Hai-Xing Zhang, Chang-Cheng Bai, Xiao-Ping Fang, and Yi-He Yang. "Thermal background model studies." Infrared Physics & Technology 36, no. 2 (February 1995): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1350-4495(94)00042-j.

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Furkalo, Victoria. "PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 24(6) (July 15, 2020): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.24(6)-7.

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Achievement of the right ratio of religious studies and religious education is possible under the condition of integration of mental values of individuals and societies, as well as the gradual formation of a single mental space of civilization. It has been established that the philosophical basis of religious studies is that it can: define and form the correct worldview positions regarding religion; offer the person a system of attitudes that excludes negative fluctuations in the search for an appropriate worldview; regulate the axiological positions in the multi-variance of moral choice. In addition, the philosophical basis of religious studies should help to harmonize the content of this education with personal views on the student's religion. This basis should be grounded in the position that religious studies should not impose a certain view of the religions of the world on young people, but should offer a volume of objectively balanced knowledge of religious world view.
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International Monetary Fund. "Czech Republic: Selected Background Studies." IMF Staff Country Reports 95, no. 85 (1995): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451809992.002.

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Kosmulski, Marek. "Background-subtraction in electroacoustic studies." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 460 (October 2014): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.02.005.

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Verheul, H. A., E. Dekker, A. J. Dunning, A. C. Moulijn, and P. Bossuyt. "Background mortality in clinical survival studies." Lancet 341, no. 8849 (April 1993): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)93073-a.

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Capozza, Luigi. "Background studies for the A4 experiment." Hyperfine Interactions 200, no. 1-3 (April 19, 2011): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-011-0274-z.

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Kudryavtsev, V. A. "Background studies for dark matter experiments." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 173 (November 2007): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.08.042.

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Magyari-Beck, Istvan. "Creativity Studies and their Paradigmatic Background." Creativity and Innovation Management 3, no. 2 (June 1994): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.1994.tb00160.x.

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Ukdmc, Vitaly A. Kudryavtsev on behalf of I. "Background studies for particle astrophysics experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 39 (May 1, 2006): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/39/1/032.

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Pape, Hans-Christoph, Frank Hildebrand, Christian Krettek, Jim Green, and Peter V. Giannoudis. "Experimental background—review of animal studies." Injury 37, no. 4 (October 2006): S25—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2006.08.038.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Background studies"

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Cat, Bui Van, and n/a. "Background studies for Vietnamese students of English." University of Canberra. Education, 1985. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060628.130310.

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Recent years have witnessed many developments in the use of the communicative approach in language teaching. This approach aims at developing students' ability to communicate with native speakers of the target language. To achieve this ability, students are required to have not only linguistic competence but also communicative competence. That is why the students need not only the linguistic knowledge but also the background knowledge of the culture in which the language is spoken. Language is a part of culture. Cultural differences always cause problems for speakers of different cultures while communicating. Therefore, the " learning of a second culture is often a part of the learning of a second language " (Brown, 1980: 242 ) . Background Studies, including culture, used to be neglected or taught improperly in the curriculum of the Hanoi Foreign Languages College. In consequence, Vietnamese E.F.L students at the College have a poor background knowledge of the English speaking countries and their people's patterned ways of life. This causes difficulties for them when communicating with native speakers of English, even when they are studying at the College where culture-based textbooks and materials are commonly used. Therefore, Background Studies, including culture, must be seen as a separate and indispensable component of the curriculum of the College which aims at providing the students with the background knowledge of English speaking countries and with an awareness of their people's ways of life, their customs and habits and so on. Various techniques for the teaching of this subject are examined.
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Chon, Gayoung. "Theoretical studies of the cosmic microwave background." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615672.

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Kiss, Mózsi. "Studies of PoGOLite performance and background rejection capabilities." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Physics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4806.

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The Polarized Gamma-ray Observer (PoGOLite) is a balloon-borne instrument capable of measuring as low as 10% polarization from a 200 mCrab source in a sixhour °ight. A wide array of sources can be studied, including pulsars, neutron stars, accretion discs and jets from active galactic nuclei. The two new observational parameters provided by such measurements, polarization angle and degree, will allow these objects to be studied in a completely new way, providing information both about the emission mechanisms and the geometries of the emitting objects. The instrument measures anisotropies in azimuthal scattering angles of gammarays with a close-packed array of 217 well-type phoswich detector cells (PDCs) by coincident detection of Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption. Each PDC comprises a \slow" plastic scintillator tube, a \fast" plastic scintillator rod and a BGO crystal. The fast scintillator is the main detector component, whereas the slow scintillator and the BGO crystal act as an active collimator and a bottom anticoincidence shield, respectively. The three parts are viewed by a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) and pulse shape discrimination is used to identify signals from each part.

The detector array is surrounded by a 54-segment side anticoincidence shield (SAS) made of BGO crystals. Each segment is 60 cm long and consists of three crystals. A total of 187 crystals have been procured and tested for light yield, energy resolution, dimensions and surface ¯nish. All crystals have been found to be of excellent quality and measured characteristics have been within speci¯ed limits. The performance of the instrument has also been evaluated in several beam tests with polarized synchrotron photons irradiating a prototype detector array. Front-end electronics have been tested and a modulation in the observed scattering angles has been observed in line with expectations. Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations of the instrument performance have shown that a 10 cm thick polyethylene shield is required around the detector array in order to su±ciently reduce the background from atmospheric neutrons. To validate these simulations, a simple detector array with four plastic scintillators and three BGO crystals was irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons. The array was shielded with polyethylene, mimicking the PoGOLite instrument design. Measured results could be accurately recreated in Geant4 simulations, demonstrating that the treatment of neutron interaction processes in Geant4 is reliable.

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Kiss, Mózsi. "Studies of PoGOLite performance and background rejection capabilities /." Stockholm : Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4806.

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Marchese, J. T. "Background studies for the CRESST dark matter search." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365695.

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Frommert, Mona Silja. "Temperature and Polarization Studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-112632.

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Kaufmann, Lilian Dominique. "Detector performance and background studies for the ArDM experiment /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17806.

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Chen, L. W. "Studies of the X-ray background and the intergalactic medium." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597559.

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The X-ray background (XRB) and the intergalactic medium (IGM) are two of the most interesting topics in X-ray cosmology. Historically, studies of either subject provided important information on the other. For more than 30 years, the problem of the origin of the XRB has remained unsolved, despite large advances in X-ray instrumentation. Along the way, important constraints have been placed on the state of the intergalactic medium. Based on theoretical modelling and observational constraints, I have investigated both the origin of the X-ray background and the physical state of the intergalactic medium in this thesis. The first Chapter gives an outline of the observed properties of the XRB and the manner by which X-ray studies constrain the IGM. Chapter 2 reviews previous observations of the XRB and our current understanding of the spectrum, isotropy, and the resolved component of the XRB. An analysis of ROSAT data to study the spatial structure of the XRB is presented in Chapter 3. The ROSAT PSPC data include one deep survey field and six colinear medium survey fields, from which I have obtained limits on excess fluctuations and the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the XRB in the soft X-ray energy band from 1 arcmin to 5 deg. The 2σ upper limits of these results show no strong signal of anisotropy and inhomogeneity. Incorporating the observed ACF into detailed models of evolving discrete sources, I find that the correlation length of the major source dominating the residual XRB has to be < 4h50-1 Mpc, which is less than that of normal galaxies. Spectral fitting of both resolved and unresolved components of the XRB was carried out and is shown in Chapter 4. Data from the QSF3 field observed with the ASCA SIS and the ROSAT PSPC were used for this task. The diffuse XRB has a flat spectrum, which is well fit by a single power-law extending from 0.1 to 7 keV, with a photon index ranging from 1.4 to 1.5. On the contrary, the spectrum of the resolved component appears steeper. Such a steep-spectrum component can contribute in total less than 30 per cent to the residual XRB below 3 keV and only a few per cent above 3 keV. This suggests the entire XRB is composed of two spectrally distinct populations, of which the one with a steeper spectrum has been resolved in the soft band and most of which are AGN.
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Kalousis, Leonidas. "Calibration of the Double Chooz detector and cosmic background studies." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979573.

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Double Chooz is a short-baseline experiment, located at the Chooz power plant, designed to observe the neutrino oscillation signal controlled by the θ13 mixing angle. Part of my scientific research, as a graduate student, was directed towards the development of the software needed for the calibration of the Double Chooz Inner Veto and the analysis of the data associated with this task. I was responsible for the quality tests performed in every photomultiplier prior to its installation. I completed all the necessary measurements and analysed the data, extracting the first set of gains and determining the nominal high voltage values needed to be applied in all photomultipliers. All this information served as valuable input to the detector configuration. I was also responsible for the Inner Veto photomultiplier gain analysis during the first months of data taking. I was also very actively involved in data analysis and the estimations of the various sources of background. I initiated a number of methods to isolate and study the cosmic muon events that activate the detector. Additionally I worked on the estimation of the fast neutron rate registered in the detector. The techniques I put forward played a key role and were used in the first Double Chooz publication. Finally, I developed a set of algorithms to identify and reject an instrumental background, relevant for the Double Chooz detector using topological information of the deposited charge.
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Mant, Christine Andrea. "Background studies relevant to human papillomavirus type 16 vaccine development." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408673.

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Books on the topic "Background studies"

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Studies in the Jewish background of Christianity. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 1992.

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Lewis, Derek. The GDR: A background to East German studies. Blairgowrie: Lochee, 1988.

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University of Edinburgh. School of Scottish Studies. School of Scottish Studies: Background information (1951-90). [Edinburgh]: [School of Scottish Studies], 1990.

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Marine outfall construction: Background, techniques, and case studies. Reston, Va: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009.

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Background research work and findings of the PTT studies. [Windhoek, Namibia]: Govt. of the Republic of Namibia, Ministry of Lands and Resettlement, the Permanent Technical Team on Land Reform, 2005.

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McKenzie, Steven L. The Old Testament: Its background, growth & content. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2007.

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khalfīyāt al-thawrah: Dirāsāt Sūrīyah = The Revolution's background : Syrian studies. al-Dawḥah: al-Markaz al-ʻArabī lil-Abḥāth wa-Dirāsat al-Siyāsāt, 2013.

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Richardson, Alan D. Distance education in library and information studies: A background paper. Wellington, N.Z: Victoria University of Wellington, Dept. of Librarianship, 1990.

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Pool, Marina Margreet. Distraction effects of background media on homework performance. Leiden: Leiden University, 2001.

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1941-, Frede Dorothea, and Laks André, eds. Traditions of theology: Studies in Hellenistic theology : its background and aftermath. Leiden: Brill, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Background studies"

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Scholz, Bjorn. "Background Studies." In Springer Theses, 21–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99747-6_4.

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Gandini, Paolo. "Background Studies." In Observation of CP Violation in B± → DK± Decays, 87–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01029-8_4.

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Lipnick, Robert L. "Background." In Studies of Narcosis, 29–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3096-7_4.

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Tarnowska, Katarzyna, Zbigniew W. Ras, and Lynn Daniel. "Background." In Studies in Big Data, 21–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13438-9_4.

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Gaber, Mohamed Medhat, Frederic Stahl, and João Bártolo Gomes. "Background." In Studies in Big Data, 7–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02711-1_2.

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Tan, Rong Kun Jason, John A. Leong, and Amandeep S. Sidhu. "Background." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 11–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73214-5_2.

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Lang, Gunnar. "Theoretical Background." In ZEW Economic Studies, 11–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39724-0_2.

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Crepaz, Katharina. "Case Studies - Background." In The Impact of Europeanization on Minority Communities, 65–113. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12116-7_4.

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Larsen, James A. "Background and Setting." In Ecological Studies, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8791-6_1.

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Reyes, Omar. "Background." In The Latin American Studies Book Series, 17–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54326-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Background studies"

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Zitzer, Benjamin. "Background Systematics Studies with VERITAS Data." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0769.

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Burigana, Carlo, Paul Alexander, Carlo Baccigalupi, Domingos S. Barbosa, Alain Blanchard, Adriano De Rosa, Gianfranco De Zotti, et al. "SKA synergy with Microwave Background studies." In Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.215.0149.

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Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A. "Background studies for particle astrophysics experiments." In TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON LOW RADIOACTIVITY TECHNIQUES: LRT 2004. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2060476.

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Gibson, B. C., T. G. Miller, P. K. Van Staagen, and R. A. Krauss. "Background reduction in neutron attenuation studies." In The fourteenth international conference on the application of accelerators in research and industry. AIP, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.52723.

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Selj, Gorm K., and Alexander Mikkelsen. "Spectral reflectance measurements of snow and snow covered objects: experimental studies compared with mathematical models." In Target and Background Signatures VII, edited by Karin U. Stein and Ric Schleijpen. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2597953.

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Catherine. "Implementation of background subtraction algorithm for motion detection." In 2013 Conference on New Media Studies (CoNMedia). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conmedia.2013.6708542.

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Büßer, Karsten. "Mask design and background studies for TESLA." In Physics and experiments with future linear e+ e- colliders. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1394408.

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Tenzer, Christoph, Gabriele Warth, Eckhard Kendziorra, and Andrea Santangelo. "Geant4 simulation studies of the eROSITA detector background." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Andrew D. Holland and David A. Dorn. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.857087.

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FÜLÖP, ZS, and FOR THE LUNA COLLABORATION. "BACKGROUND STUDIES AT THE LUNA UNDERGROUND ACCELERATOR FACILITY." In Proceedings of the Carpathian Summer School of Physics 2005. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812772862_0032.

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CHARDIN, G., and G. GERBIER. "NEUTRON BACKGROUND STUDIES FOR THE EDELWEISS WIMP SEARCH." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791313_0069.

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Reports on the topic "Background studies"

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Scott, D. W., and M. R. Winberg. Background ventilation studies for TRU-waste retrieval. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7272115.

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Morris, Aaron Owen. Physics validation studies for muon collider detector background simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1020301.

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Whitehead, C. A., B. D. Cannon, and J. F. Wacker. Excitation rate and background measurements during LIF studies on krypton. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10155417.

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Whitehead, C. A., B. D. Cannon, and J. F. Wacker. Excitation rate and background measurements during LIF studies on krypton. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6770198.

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Yip, K. Shielding and background studies around the 6 oclock area at RHIC (STAR). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1157485.

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Mukhopadhyay, Shomeek. 3D printing of High Precision Radiation Filters for next generation Cosmic Background (CMB) studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1663377.

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Igor D. Kaganovich, Edward A. Startsev, and Ronald C. Davidson. Analytical and Numerical Studies of the Complex Interaction of a Fast Ion Beam Pulse with a Background Plasma. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820212.

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Medina, Victor, Scott Waisner, Edith Martinez-Guerra, Jared Johnson, Jonathan Brame, Elizabeth Gao, and Martin Page. Simulated vehicle decontamination and field evaluation of the Decontamination Effluent Treatment System (DETS), 27 June 2017, and associated background studies. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/30641.

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Van Konynenburg, R. A., K. J. A. Kundig, W. S. Lyman, M. Prager, J. R. Meyers, and I. S. Servi. Background studies in support of a feasibility assessment on the use of copper-base materials for nuclear waste packages in a repository in tuff. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/137782.

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Smith, Thomas. Methods for Field Studies of the Effects of Military Smokes, Obscurants, and Riot-control Agents on Threatened and Endangered Species: Volume 1: Background, Overview, Issues, and Recommendations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430741.

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