Journal articles: 'Background rejection'

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Pfendner, Carl. "Background Rejection in the ARA Experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 135 (2017): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201713505004.

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Brack, J., E. Daw, A. Dorofeev, A. Ezeribe, J. L. Gauvreau, M. Gold, J. Harton, et al. "Background Assay and Rejection in DRIFT." Physics Procedia 61 (2015): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2014.12.022.

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Zadrożny, Adam, and Beata Goźlińska. "Background Rejection using Convolutional Neural Networks." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S338 (October 2017): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921318000492.

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AbstractThe paper presents a proof of concept method of background rejection based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). The method was tested on simulated data and achieved very high accuracy (100%). What is more, method based on CNN is very fast and could be easily applied to wide field surveys. Since early stage results suggest method is very accurate and robust, it could be helpful in creating very low-latency pipelines for EM Follow-up purposes, which will be needed in LIGO-Virgo O3 EM Follow-up.

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Carrettoni, Marco Andrea. "CUORICINO Analysis for Background Rejection and Systematics." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 229-232 (August 2012): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2012.09.122.

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Warburton, W. K., and B. Dwyer-McNally. "Electronic background rejection in a new ultra-low background alpha-particle counter." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 263, no. 1 (October 2007): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.089.

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Renner, J., A. Farbin, J. Muñoz Vidal, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, A. Botas, P. Ferrario, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, et al. "Background rejection in NEXT using deep neural networks." Journal of Instrumentation 12, no. 01 (January 16, 2017): T01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/01/t01004.

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Kim, Jieun, Yu Kyung Yang, Boo Hwan Lee, and Yeon Soo Kim. "Clutter Rejection Method using Background Adaptive Threshold Map." Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology 17, no. 2 (April 5, 2014): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.9766/kimst.2014.17.2.175.

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O'Donnell, Thomas, and the KamLAND Collaboration. "Muon tracking for optimized background rejection at KamLAND." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 136, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 042013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/136/4/042013.

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Sheppard, Colin J. R., Marco Castello, Giorgio Tortarolo, Alessandro Zunino, Eli Slenders, Paolo Bianchini, Giuseppe Vicidomini, and Alberto Diaspro. "Background Rejection in Two-Photon Fluorescence Image Scanning Microscopy." Photonics 10, no. 5 (May 22, 2023): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050601.

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We discuss the properties of signal strength and integrated intensity in two-photon excitation confocal microscopy and image scanning microscopy. The resolution, optical sectioning and background rejection are all improved over nonconfocal two-photon microscopy. Replacing the pinhole of confocal two-photon microscopy with a detector array increases the peak intensity of the point spread function. The outer pixels of a detector array give signals from defocused regions, and thus the processing of these, such as through subtraction, can further improve optical sectioning and background rejection.

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Hasnain, Mujtaba Ali, Samrah Mujtaba, Iqra Javed, Misbah ., Muhammad Shahzad Gul, and Abdul Ghaffar. "Determine the Effect of Immunosuppressant on follicular regulatory T-cells in kidney transplant patients." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 10 (October 30, 2021): 2689–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115102689.

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Background: Over the last few years, there are two major problems identified during organ transplantation such as surgical restrictions and transplant rejections. Few of these obstacles have been partially removed such as the use of immunosuppressant improved it consistently while decreasing graft rejection up to 12.2%. Methods: This study was conducted from 2019-2021. In all patients renal function was examined through glomerular filtration rate. Induction therapy was given to all the transplant recipients. Induction therapy with basiliximab 20mg intravenously on 0 and 4 days. After transplantation tacrolimus and MMF was given with varied concentration dose. Acute rejections were found in patients who had no biopsy or biopsy-proven rejection. In the end, clinical pathologists had analyzed all biopsies again and recipients who were experienced the vascular Banff grade 2 and tubule interstitial rejection. Results: Immunosuppressant tacrolimus treated patients were 71(67.61%) and mycophenolate mofetil used in 34(32.38%). Total 39(37.14%) rejections were received and 66(62.85%) acceptance was recorded. Two types of rejection were highlighted namely cell-mediated rejection 25(23.80%) and 14(13.33%) chronic antibody-mediated rejection. The effect of tacrolimus on follicular helper T cells and follicular regulatory T cells shows the clear difference between the kidney transplant and healthy control cells. Reduction in numbers of follicular regulatory T cells was measured in patients. Conclusion: eventually we find tacrolimus significantly affects the number of follicular regulatory T-cells and follicular helper T cells. Alemtuzumab substantially lowers the follicular regulatory T-cells. Mycophenolate mofetil showed non-significant on T-cells. Keywords: kidney transplant, follicular regulatory T-cells, follicular helper T-cells.

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Gelbwachs, Jerry A. "4227-nm atomic filter with superior solar background rejection." Optics Letters 15, no. 4 (February 15, 1990): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.15.000236.

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Tao, Ma, Chang Jin, and Hang Heng-rong. "The background rejection in space hard X-ray detector." Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics 27, no. 4 (October 2003): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0275-1062(03)90073-7.

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Chen, Peter C. "Rejection of Background Light Using Single-Wavelength Detection in Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 3 (March 1997): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971940233.

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A new method for single-wavelength detection (SWD) spectroscopy has been developed with the use of synchronous scanning of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). With the combination of SWD with spatial and temporal discrimination, a high level of background light rejection is achieved. Results show sufficient ambient room light rejection for obtaining complete gas-phase nonlinear Raman spectra with no detectable signs of interference.

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Alhumaid, Saad, Ali A. Rabaan, Kuldeep Dhama, Shin Jie Yong, Firzan Nainu, Khalid Hajissa, Nourah Al Dossary, et al. "Solid Organ Rejection following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Vaccines 10, no. 8 (August 10, 2022): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081289.

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Background: Solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection is extremely rare but can occur. T-cell recognition of antigen is the primary and central event that leads to the cascade of events that result in rejection of a transplanted organ. Objectives: To describe the results of a systematic review for solid organ rejections following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for studies on the incidence of solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection, published from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022, with English language restriction. Results: One hundred thirty-six cases from fifty-two articles were included in the qualitative synthesis of this systematic review (56 solid organs rejected post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and 40 solid organs rejected following COVID-19 infection). Cornea rejection (44 cases) was the most frequent organ observed post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and following COVID-19 infection, followed by kidney rejection (36 cases), liver rejection (12 cases), lung rejection (2 cases), heart rejection (1 case) and pancreas rejection (1 case). The median or mean patient age ranged from 23 to 94 years across the studies. The majority of the patients were male (n = 51, 53.1%) and were of White (Caucasian) (n = 51, 53.7%) and Hispanic (n = 15, 15.8%) ethnicity. A total of fifty-six solid organ rejections were reported post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination [Pfizer-BioNTech (n = 31), Moderna (n = 14), Oxford Uni-AstraZeneca (n = 10) and Sinovac-CoronaVac (n = 1)]. The median time from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to organ rejection was 13.5 h (IQR, 3.2–17.2), while the median time from COVID-19 infection to organ rejection was 14 h (IQR, 5–21). Most patients were easily treated without any serious complications, recovered and did not require long-term allograft rejection therapy [graft success (n = 70, 85.4%), graft failure (n = 12, 14.6%), survived (n = 90, 95.7%) and died (n = 4, 4.3%)]. Conclusion: The reported evidence of solid organ rejections post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COIVD-19 infection should not discourage vaccination against this worldwide pandemic. The number of reported cases is relatively small in relation to the hundreds of millions of vaccinations that have occurred, and the protective benefits offered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination far outweigh the risks.

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Witjaksono, Maria, Dwi Yatiningsih, Hesti Widaretno, Rani Asdiniah, and Ame Ame. "The Role of Family Meeting In Dealing With Rejection Towards Hospital Discharge of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients." Indonesian Journal of Cancer 12, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v12i2.577.

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Background: Rejection towards discharge planning of terminally ill patients and the role of family meetings to overcome such issue has not been evaluated. The aims of this study were to identify who and the reasons of rejection, to evaluate the effectiveness of family meetings, and to assess the important aspects in preparing homecare.Methods: This is an interventional study using queasy-experimental design. Samples of the study were family members of terminally ill patients who refused patient discharge from 1st of May to 31st of October 2016. Paired-Sample T-test was applied to analyze the result. Result: Rejections of discharge planning was mostly by the families. The most reason of rejection was lack of knowledge and skills in taking care of the terminally ill patients (40%). Family meetings solved the problem of rejection. The total score of 10 aspects needed in taking care of terminally ill patients was significantly increased (p=0.000). Conclusion: Family meetings effectively changed the attitude towards hospital discharged

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Wilczynska, Agnieszka. "Psychological Responses to Exclusion: Examining Rejection Sensitivity Pattern in Asian and European Patients Population." Annals of Psychiatry and Mental Health 12, no. 1 (January 27, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47739/2374-0124.psychiatry.1187.

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Background: This article aims to investigate and compare rejection sensitivity patterns in patients from Asian and European cultural backgrounds who have experienced social exclusion. Rejection sensitivity, a psychological construct characterized by heightened responsiveness to perceived rejection, is often associated with negative psychological outcomes. By examining the experiences of exclusion and their impact on rejection sensitivity in patient populations across diverse cultural contexts, this study seeks to shed light on the interplay between socio-cultural influences and psychological and physiological responses to social exclusion.

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Beigh, Aadil, Bheem Raj Gupta, Gaurav Sagar, and D. K. Agarwal. "The study of clinico-pathological correlation and treatment outcome in acute allograft rejection in the immediate post renal transplant period." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191535.

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Background: The kidney Tx is the treatment of choice for patients with ESRD. However, episodes of AR have a negative impact on short- and long-term graft survival. In spite of immunosuppressive medications, CNI, MMF and steroid, the AR remains a crucial problem for Tx. This analysis was performed to evaluate the changing profile of early AR (during first week of transplant) and its repercussions on graft survival.Methods: This study was an observational cohort study and included 50 renal transplant patients irrespective of age, sex and race who developed bx proven AR within first week of transplant. Three groups were made according to histopathology: ACR, AMR and mixed rejection group. The patients were followed for 6 months thereafter.Results: AR within a week of renal Tx were less symptomatic except decrease in UO. ACR was more common (72%) than AMR and mixed rejections. AMR and Mixed group required more therapeutic modalities than ACR. More patients required HD during AR in AMR and mixed rejection group than ACR. The mean s.cr at 6 months was 1.3,1.5 and 1.6 in ACR, AMR and mixed group respectively. There were more incidences of BK viremia, CMV infection UTI and rejection fronts follow up in AMR and mixed group than ACR group.Conclusions: Acute rejections within a week are less symptomatic and ACR occurred more frequently than AMR and mixed rejection There were more incidences of BKV, CMV and UTI for 6 months follow up in AMR and Mixed rejection group.

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Judah, Matt R., Nathan M. Hager, Alicia L. Milam, Gabrielle Ramsey-Wilson, Hannah C. Hamrick, and Tiphanie G. Sutton. "Out of Sight, Still in Mind: The Consequences of Nonfoveal Viewing of Emotional Faces in Social Anxiety." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 41, no. 6 (December 2022): 578–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2022.41.6.578.

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Background: Anxiety sensitivity social concerns (ASSC) is a risk factor for social anxiety disorder that may motivate avoidance of eye contact (i.e., gaze avoidance), thereby maintaining anxiety. Gaze avoidance displaces socially relevant stimuli (e.g., faces) from foveal (i.e., center) vision, possibly reducing visual sensation of faces and giving an opportunity to misperceive others as rejecting. Methods: We tested the effects of non-foveal viewing on perceiving faces as rejecting, whether there is an indirect effect of ASSC on state anxiety explained by perceived rejection, and whether the indirect effect depended on non-foveal viewing of faces. Participants (N = 118) viewed faces presented within foveal and non-foveal positions and rated how rejecting each face appeared to be, followed by ratings of their own state anxiety. Results: ASSC was associated with perceiving faces as rejecting regardless of face position. There was an indirect effect of ASSC on state anxiety ratings that was explained by perceived rejection, but only in the non-foveal positions. The indirect effect was due to an association between perceived rejection and state anxiety that was only present when faces were viewed in non-foveal vision. Discussion: The findings suggest ASSC may maintain state anxiety partially through the perceived rejection someone experiences while avoiding the gaze of others. This study supports cognitive theories of social anxiety and encourages cognitive-behavioral interventions for gaze avoidance in people with social anxiety disorder.

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Lehnert, Björn. "Background rejection of n+surface events in GERDA Phase II." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 718 (May 2016): 062035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/718/6/062035.

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Lumb, D. H., and A. D. Holland. "Background rejection techniques in CCD X-ray detectors for astronomy." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 35, no. 1 (February 1988): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.12780.

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Canonica, L., M. Biassoni, C. Brofferio, C. Bucci, S. Calvano, M. L. Di Vacri, J. Goett, P. Gorla, M. Pavan, and M. Yeh. "Rejection of surface background in thermal detectors: The ABSuRD project." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 732 (December 2013): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.114.

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Patterson, Charlotte J., Nancy A. Vaden, and Janis B. Kupersmidt. "Family Background, Recent Life Events and Peer Rejection During Childhood." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 8, no. 3 (August 1991): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407591083003.

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Broniatowski, A., X. Defay, E. Armengaud, L. Bergé, A. Benoit, O. Besida, J. Blümer, et al. "A new high-background-rejection dark matter Ge cryogenic detector." Physics Letters B 681, no. 4 (November 2009): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.10.036.

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Nones, C., L. Foggetta, A. Giuliani, M. Pedretti, C. Salvioni, and S. Sangiorgio. "A new method for background rejection with surface sensitive bolometers." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 559, no. 2 (April 2006): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.12.008.

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Yamamoto, Seiichi, Tatsuya Higashi, Keiichi Matsumoto, and Michio Senda. "Development of a positron-imaging detector with background rejection capability." Annals of Nuclear Medicine 20, no. 10 (December 2006): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02984676.

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van Blokland, A. A. E., T. W. M. Grimbergen, and H. W. van der Ven. "A mass‐selective neutral particle energy analyzer with background rejection." Review of Scientific Instruments 63, no. 3 (March 1992): 1978–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143315.

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Belolaptikov, I. A., J. A. M. Djilkibaev, G. V. Domogatsky, S. I. Klimushin, J. Krabi, O. Ju Lanin, E. A. Osipova, A. A. Pavlov, Ch Spiering, and R. Wischnewski. "Track reconstruction and background rejection for the Baikal neutrino telescope." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 35 (May 1994): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(94)90268-2.

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Kalashev, O., I. Kharuk, and G. Rubtsov. "Machine learning based background rejection for Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2438, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2438/1/012099.

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Abstract Baikal-GVD is a gigaton-scale underwater neutrino telescope currently under construction in Lake Baikal. Its principal components are optical modules, registering photons propagating through the telescope’s working volume. Part of the activations of the optical modules are due to the natural luminescence of the water, and thus appear as noise in the data. We present a neural network, which efficiently rejects this background and reaches 97% signal purity (precision) and 99% survival efficiency (recall) on the Monte-Carlo data. The neural network has a U-net like architecture based on the temporal structure of optical modules activations.

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Klaeske, Kristin, Sven Lehmann, Robert Palitzsch, Petra Büttner, Markus J. Barten, Khalil Jawad, Sandra Eifert, Diyar Saeed, Michael A. Borger, and Maja-Theresa Dieterlen. "Everolimus-Induced Immune Effects after Heart Transplantation: A Possible Tool for Clinicians to Monitor Patients at Risk for Transplant Rejection." Life 11, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11121373.

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Background: Patients treated with an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTORI) in a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-free immunosuppressive regimen after heart transplantation (HTx) show a higher risk for transplant rejection. We developed an immunological monitoring tool that may improve the identification of mTORI-treated patients at risk for rejection. Methods: Circulating dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were analysed in 19 mTORI- and 20 CNI-treated HTx patients by flow cytometry. Principal component and cluster analysis were used to identify patients at risk for transplant rejection. Results: The percentages of total Tregs (p = 0.02) and CD39+ Tregs (p = 0.05) were higher in mTORI-treated patients than in CNI-treated patients. The principal component analysis revealed that BDCA1+, BDCA2+ and BDCA4+ DCs as well as total Tregs could distinguish between non-rejecting and rejecting mTORI-treated patients. Most mTORI-treated rejectors showed higher levels of BDCA2+ and BDCA4+ plasmacytoid DCs and lower levels of BDCA1+ myeloid DCs and Tregs than mTORI non-rejectors. Conclusion: An mTORI-based immunosuppressive regimen induced a sufficient, tolerance-promoting reaction in Tregs, but an insufficient, adverse effect in DCs. On the basis of patient-specific immunological profiles, we established a flow cytometry-based monitoring tool that may be helpful in identifying patients at risk for rejection.

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Bar-Zion, Avinoam, Charles Tremblay-Darveau, Oren Solomon, Dan Adam, and Yonina C. Eldar. "Fast Vascular Ultrasound Imaging With Enhanced Spatial Resolution and Background Rejection." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2600372.

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Holmes, Rebecca M., and David M. Palmer. "Extreme background-rejection techniques for the ELROI optical satellite license plate." Applied Optics 58, no. 4 (January 23, 2019): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.58.000814.

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Lopez, J. P., D. Dujmic, S. Ahlen, J. B. R. Battat, C. Deaconu, P. Fisher, S. Henderson, et al. "Background rejection in the DMTPC dark matter search using charge signals." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 696 (December 2012): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.073.

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Chilingarian, Ashot. "Neural classification technique for background rejection in high energy physics experiments." Neurocomputing 6, no. 5-6 (October 1994): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-2312(94)90002-7.

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Pisarski, Marcin. "Polish autonomous nationalism against the background of social movement theory." Review of Nationalities 12, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2022-0003.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze autonomous nationalism as a new social movement. This current of nationalism, which emerged at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, is characterized by a radical rejection of liberal democracy, as well as the ideology of the New Left. As a result of the analysis of the published content, it was possible to conclude that autonomous nationalism is a formula of nationalism as a movement of resistance to the establishment, adapted to the conditions of the 21st century. Economic conditions also influence the success of this social nationalism, which is inspired by the political thought of Otto Strasser. Autonomous nationalism is a novelty on the Polish far right also because of its rejection of Catholicism, as well as the formula of cultural nationalism associated with the national-Catholic current. Instead, a commitment to the ethnic concept of the nation as a ‘community of blood’ is noticeable in the movement under study. This goes hand in hand with the new neopaganism popular in the milieu.

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Goyal, Sunali, and Sami H. Uwaydat. "Multiquadrant Subtenon Triamcinolone Injection for Acute Corneal Graft Rejection: A Case Report." Case Reports in Ophthalmology 8, no. 2 (May 29, 2017): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477202.

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Background: We report a case of reversal of an acute corneal graft rejection following multiquadrant subtenon triamcinolone injection. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old woman who had acute corneal graft rejection failed to show resolution of the graft rejection after standard treatment with systemic, intravenous, and topical steroids. The graft rejection, however, responded to injection of triamcinolone in multiple subtenon quadrants. Conclusions: For corneal graft rejection, multiquadrant subtenon triamcinolone injections may be a safe adjunct to systemic treatment.

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Massicotte-Azarniouch, David, Manish M. Sood, Dean A. Fergusson, and Greg A. Knoll. "Validation of the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision Codes for Kidney Transplant Rejection and Failure." Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease 7 (January 2020): 205435812097739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2054358120977390.

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Background: Clinical research requires that diagnostic codes captured from routinely collected health administrative data accurately identify individuals with a disease. Objective: In this study, we validated the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision (ICD-10) definition for kidney transplant rejection (T86.100) and for kidney transplant failure (T86.101). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: A large, regional transplantation center in Ontario, Canada. Patients: All adult kidney transplant recipients from 2002 to 2018. Measurements: Chart review was undertaken to identify the first occurrence of biopsy-confirmed rejection and graft loss for all participants. For each observation, we determined the first date a single ICD-10 code T86.100 or T86.101 was recorded as a hospital encounter discharge diagnosis. Methods: Using chart review as the gold standard, we determined the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) for the ICD-10 codes T86.100 and T86.101. Results: Our study population comprised of 1,258 kidney transplant recipients. The prevalence of rejection and death-censored graft loss were 15.6 and 9.1%, respectively. For the ICD-10 rejection code (T86.100), sensitivity was 72.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.6-79.2), specificity 97.5% (96.5-98.4), and PPV 83.8% (78.3-89.4). For the ICD-10 graft loss code (T86.101), sensitivity was 21.2% (95% CI, 13.2-29.3), specificity 86.3% (84.3-88.3), and PPV 11.7% (7.0-16.4). Limitations: Single-center study which may limit generalizability of our findings. Conclusions: A single ICD-10 code for kidney transplant rejection (T86.100) was present in 84% of true kidney transplant rejections and is an accurate way of identifying kidney transplant recipients with rejection using administrative health data. The ICD-10 code for graft failure (T86.101) performed poorly and should not be used for administrative health research.

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Jones, Barbara, Dave Collingridge, Caroline Vines, Herman Post, John Holmen, Todd Allen, Peter Haug, Charlene Weir, and Nathan Dean. "CDS in a Learning Health Care System: Identifying Physicians' Reasons for Rejection of Best-Practice Recommendations in Pneumonia through Computerized Clinical Decision Support." Applied Clinical Informatics 10, no. 01 (January 2019): 001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676587.

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Background Local implementation of guidelines for pneumonia care is strongly recommended, but the context of care that affects implementation is poorly understood. In a learning health care system, computerized clinical decision support (CDS) provides an opportunity to both improve and track practice, providing insights into the implementation process. Objectives This article examines physician interactions with a CDS to identify reasons for rejection of guideline recommendations. Methods We implemented a multicenter bedside CDS for the emergency department management of pneumonia that integrated patient data with guideline-based recommendations. We examined the frequency of adoption versus rejection of recommendations for site-of-care and antibiotic selection. We analyzed free-text responses provided by physicians explaining their clinical reasoning for rejection, using concept mapping and thematic analysis. Results Among 1,722 patient episodes, physicians rejected recommendations to send a patient home in 24%, leaving text in 53%; reasons for rejection of the recommendations included additional or alternative diagnoses beyond pneumonia, and comorbidities or signs of physiologic derangement contributing to risk of outpatient failure that were not processed by the CDS. Physicians rejected broad-spectrum antibiotic recommendations in 10%, leaving text in 76%; differences in pathogen risk assessment, additional patient information, concern about antibiotic properties, and admitting physician preferences were given as reasons for rejection. Conclusion While adoption of CDS recommendations for pneumonia was high, physicians rejecting recommendations frequently provided feedback, reporting alternative diagnoses, additional individual patient characteristics, and provider preferences as major reasons for rejection. CDS that collects user feedback is feasible and can contribute to a learning health system.

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de Andrade, Luis Gustavo Modelli, Abner Macola Pacheco Barbosa, Naila Camila da Rocha, Marilia Mastrocolla de Almeida Cardoso, Juliana Tereza Coneglian de Almeida, Juliana Machado-Rugolo, Lucas Frederico Arantes, Daniela Ferreira Salomão Pontes, and Gustavo Fernandes Ferreira. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Solid Organ Transplant and Rejection Episodes in Brazil’s Unified Healthcare System." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 21 (November 6, 2022): 6581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11216581.

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Background: Brazil has the world’s largest public organ transplant program, which was severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate differences in solid organ transplants and rejection episodes during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the five years before the pandemic in the country. Methods: A seven-year database was built by downloading data from the DATASUS server. The pandemic period was defined as March 2020 to December 2021. The pre-pandemic period was from January 2015 to March 2020. Results: During the pandemic, the number of solid organ transplants decreased by 19.3% in 2020 and 22.6% in 2021 compared to 2019. We found a decrease for each evaluated organ, which was more pronounced for lung, pancreas, and kidney transplants. The seasonal plot of rejection data indicated a high rejection rate between 2018 and 2021. There was also an 18% (IRR 1.18 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.37), p = 0.04) increase in the rejection rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The total number of organ transplants performed in 2021 represents a setback of six years. Transplant procedures were concentrated in the Southeast region of the country, and a higher proportion of rejections occurred during the pandemic. Together, these findings could have an impact on transplant procedures and outcomes in Brazil.

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Bicalho, Paula Rebello, Lúcio R. Requião-Moura, Érika Ferraz Arruda, Rogerio Chinen, Luciana Mello, Ana Paula F. Bertocchi, Erika Lamkowski Naka, Eduardo José Tonato, and Alvaro Pacheco-Silva. "Long-Term Outcomes among Kidney Transplant Recipients and after Graft Failure: A Single-Center Cohort Study in Brazil." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 2, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7105084.

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Background. The results of kidney transplantation are impacted by the categories of events responsible for patient death and graft failure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the causes of death and graft failure and outcomes after graft failure among kidney transplant recipients. Methodology. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 944 patients who underwent kidney transplantation. Outcomes were categorized in a managed and hierarchical manner. Results. The crude mortality rate was 10.8% (n=102): in 35.3% cause of death was infection, in 30.4% cardiovascular disease, and in 15.7% neoplasia and in 6.8%, it was not possible to determine the cause of death. The rate of graft loss was 10.6%. The main causes of graft failure were chronic rejection (40%), acute rejection (18.3%), thrombosis (17.3%), and recurrence of primary disease (16.5%). Failures due to an acute rejection occurred earlier than those due to chronic rejection and recurrence (p<0.0001). As late causes of graft loss, death with the functioning kidney occurred earlier than recurrence and chronic rejection (p=0.008). The outcomes after graft failure were retransplantation in 26.1% and death in 21.4%, at a mean of 25.5 and 21.4 months, respectively. Conclusion. It was possible to identify more than 90% of the events responsible for the deaths of transplanted patients, predominantly infectious and cardiovascular diseases. Among the causes of graft failure, chronic and acute rejections and recurrence were the main causes of graft failure which were followed more frequently by retransplantation than by death on dialysis.

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Zhang, Ruoxuan. "Rejection and Childhood Abuse During Early-Stage Family Communication under Cross-Cultural Background to Avoidant Personality Disorder." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 44, no. 1 (April 18, 2024): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/44/20230092.

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When it comes to personality disorders, does rejection and childhood abuse during early-stage family communication under cross-cultural background contribute to Avoidant Personality Disorders? Although Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD) is a common disorder that is related to significant stress, inadequacy, and disability, yet it is poorly studied with the presence of family factors, and only minimal or none has studied the impact of early-stage family communication under cross-cultural backgrounds. In this work, 178 participants growing up under a Chinese parenting background and 178 participants growing under an American parenting background answered a questionnaire about the several negative experiences that happened during three childhood age periods and wrote open-ended narratives. Under both cultures, rejection, and childhood abuse both affect to the development of Avoidant Personality Disorder. For children growing under an American parenting styles are more vulnerable when exposed to frequent rejection and childhood abuse from their guardians, as compared to Chinese children. While experiments have also shown that Asian student samples hold the highest rate on the Authoritarian parenting style out of the 3 parental control styles, whereas the American student sample act completely the opposite; the development of a childs personality is based on schemas formed during early-stage family communications: the more the environment disadvantaged a child of its needs, the stronger the schemas will become on the negative side, with higher the likelihood of having personality disorders. These findings support the view that rejection and childhood abuse effect the growth of Avoidant Personality Disorder, and Children under American-parenting styles are more vulnerable to it as to Chinese children.

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Leray, A., K. Lillis, and J. Mertz. "Enhanced Background Rejection in Thick Tissue with Differential-Aberration Two-Photon Microscopy." Biophysical Journal 94, no. 4 (February 2008): 1449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.107.111476.

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Wang, Jyhpyng, and Eric Mazur. "Rejection of stochastic background noise in low‐level pulsed light scattering experiments." Review of Scientific Instruments 64, no. 9 (September 1993): 2550–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143865.

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Sforza, Federico, Vittorio Lippi, and Giorgio Chiarelli. "Rejection of Multi-jet Background inpp̄→eν+jj̄Channel through a SVM Classifier." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 331, no. 3 (December 23, 2011): 032045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032045.

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Kennedy, James M. "The Social Background of Early Israels Rejection of Cultic Images: A Proposal." Biblical Theology Bulletin: Journal of Bible and Culture 17, no. 4 (November 1987): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014610798701700403.

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Wang, Shau-Chun, and Michael D. Morris. "Plastic Microchip Electrophoresis with Analyte Velocity Modulation. Application to Fluorescence Background Rejection." Analytical Chemistry 72, no. 7 (April 2000): 1448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac9911037.

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Shutt, T., P. D. Barnes, A. Cummings, A. DaSilva, B. Ellman, J. Emes, Y. Giraud-Heraud, et al. "A cryogenic detector with simultaneous phonon and ionization measurement for background rejection." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 326, no. 1-2 (March 1993): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(93)90347-k.

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Yariv, Y., R. C. Byrd, A. Gavron, and W. C. Sailor. "Simulations of neutron response and background rejection for a scintillating-fiber detector." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 292, no. 2 (July 1990): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90391-i.

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Yamamoto, Seiichi, Kenichi Matsumoto, and Michio Senda. "Optimum threshold setting for a positron-sensitive probe with background rejection capability." Annals of Nuclear Medicine 18, no. 3 (May 2004): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02985007.

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Gaitskell, R. J., P. D. Barnes, A. DaSilva, B. Sadoulet, and T. Shutt. "The statistics of background rejection in direct detection experiments for dark matter." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 51, no. 2 (November 1996): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(96)00515-4.

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Hailey, Charles J., and Fiona A. Harrison. "A new concept for background rejection in gamma-ray astronomy — the supershield." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 365, no. 2-3 (November 1995): 518–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(95)00463-7.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Background rejection'

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