Journal articles: 'Backend development'

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Low, GC, and DR Jeffery. "Software development productivity and back-end CASE tools." Information and Software Technology 33, no. 9 (November 1991): 616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-5849(91)90033-8.

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Husni, Emir. "Front-End and Back-End Application Development for uBeacon Smart Campus System." Advanced Science Letters 23, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 3786–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.9021.

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Kaluža, Marin, Marijana Kalanj, and Bernard Vukelić. "A comparison of back-end frameworks for web application development." Zbornik Veleučilišta u Rijeci 7, no. 1 (2019): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31784/zvr.7.1.10.

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Web applications have a complex structure, and for more efficient and faster writing of original program code, frameworks are often used. There are numerous different frameworks on the market that are used to build different parts of software architecture. Only back-end frameworks for web applications development are analyzed. Previous research on evaluation criteria for back-end frameworks, and various sources which by various reasons, represent the list of popularity of back-end frameworks are shown. The framework selection procedure is described, and the reasons of framework selection (Laravel, Rails, Django and Spring) for the analysis are given. The examination (verification) and evaluation of the degree of satisfaction of the selected basic and additional comparison criteria in selected frameworks are carried out. The analysis shows insignificant differences in the overall ratings of analyzed frameworks according to the basic comparison criteria. According to the additional comparison criteria, the analysis shows significant differences in the overall ratings of analyzed frameworks. It is shown that the Django framework, because it is suitable for development of larger applications, suitable for beginner developers, and achieves the highest overall rating of additional comparison criteria, is the best choice of analyzed back-end frameworks for web application development.

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Almqvist, Frida. "The fuzzy front-end and the forgotten back-end: User involvement in later development phases." Design Journal 20, sup1 (July 28, 2017): S2524—S2533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2017.1352765.

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Cao, Yan Ling, and Ping Cao. "The Development of Initial Position End-of-Line Test System for PMSM." Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (December 2014): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.995.

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The resolver is widely used in the production applications due to the robust mounting and high accuracy at full range. However, the mounting accuracy of such sensors will significantly limit the torque accuracy and performance if the initial positions are not calibrated at the end-of-line (EOL) test. An initial position EOL test system is designed base on the production requirements. A simple initial position measurement method is introduced and applied to the PMSM motor, which measures the back EMF and the North mark (NM) signal of the resolver. The time difference between the back EMF zero crossing point and NM signal is divided by the back EMF period and then the initial position is calculated. The method is validated on the target bench and experiments prove the EOL test system is suit for the mass production.

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Murray, Ashley, and Isha Ray. "Commentary: Back-End Users: The Unrecognized Stakeholders in Demand-Driven Sanitation." Journal of Planning Education and Research 30, no. 1 (May 6, 2010): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x10369800.

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Mudali, U. Kamachi, A. Ravishankar, S. Ningshen, Girija Suresh, Ravikumar Sole, and K. Thyagarajan. "Materials Development and Corrosion Issues in the Back End of Fuel Cycle." Energy Procedia 7 (2011): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.06.064.

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GÜNZEL, FRANZISKA, and ANNA B. HOLM. "ONE SIZE DOES NOT FIT ALL — UNDERSTANDING THE FRONT-END AND BACK-END OF BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION." International Journal of Innovation Management 17, no. 01 (February 2013): 1340002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919613400021.

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Business model innovation is becoming a central research topic in management. However, a lack of a common understanding of the nature of the business model leads to disregarding its multifaceted structure when analyzing the business model innovation process. This article proposes a more detailed understanding of the business model innovation process by drawing on existing knowledge from new product development literature and examining the front-end and the back-end of business model innovation of three leading Danish newspapers. We studied how changes introduced during the development of digital news production and delivery have affected key components of these business models, namely value creation, proposition, delivery and capture in the period 2002–2011. Our findings suggest the need to distinguish between front-end and back-end business model innovation processes, and to recognize the importance of organizational learning when incumbents are faced with disruptive technologies.

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Bangia, Tarun, and Wahab Uddin. "Development of Low-Cost Cable Twister for 3.6 m Telescope at ARIES." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 09, no. 03 (September 2020): 2050012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171720500129.

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In-house design and development of cost-effective cable twister was undertaken at ARIES for back-end instruments of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope at Devasthal site located in central Himalayan region of Uttarakhand state in India. Cable twister was designed to route the critical cables such as cryo/helium flexible lines, electrical cables, optical fiber cables and network cables, etc. of various back-end instruments on axial and side ports of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. Designing a space constrained cable twister passing through only 350[Formula: see text]mm diameter central hole available in telescope pier was a challenging task. Design was analyzed with cables at different twister positions for telescope azimuth rotation from 0 to [Formula: see text]. Flexible design, easy routing of cables and quick detachable characteristic of cable twister make it convenient for routing cables of back-end instruments of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. The twister was economically manufactured in-house at ARIES mechanical workshop, assembled, installed and tested with 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. Provision for changing of separator plates having different numbers and sizes of holes makes it versatile for the different types of cables in back-end instruments. This paper presents the economical design, analysis, manufacturing, assembly, installation and testing of cable twister with 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope.

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Varis, J., N. J. Hughes, M. Laaninen, V.-H. Kilpiä, P. Jukkala, J. Tuovinen, S. Ovaska, et al. "Design, development, and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules." Journal of Instrumentation 4, no. 12 (December 29, 2009): T12001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/t12001.

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Quintal, Filipe, Daniel Garigali, Dino Vasconcelos, Jonathan Cavaleiro, Wilson Santos, and Lucas Pereira. "Energy Monitoring in the Wild: Platform Development and Lessons Learned from a Real-World Demonstrator." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 5786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185786.

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This paper presents the development and evaluation of EnnerSpectrum, a platform for electricity monitoring. The development was motivated by a gap between academic, fully custom-made monitoring solutions and commercial proprietary monitoring approaches. EnnerSpectrum is composed of two main entities, the back end, and the Gateway. The back end is a server comprised of flexible entities that can be configured to different monitoring scenarios. The Gateway interacts with equipment at a site that cannot interact directly with the back end. The paper presents the architecture and configuration of EnnerSpectrum for a long-term case study with 13 prosumers of electricity for approximately 36 months. During this period, the proposed system was able to adapt to several building and monitoring conditions while acquiring 95% of all the available consumption data. To finalize, the paper presents a set of lessons learned from running such a long-term study in the real world.

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Lin, Shih Sung, and Yu Wei Liu. "Development of an Unmanned Combat Vehicle with its Training System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.768.

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By using image processing and automatic control technologies, this study designs an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) that can be operated by various control devices, such as laptops and joysticks. A camera is set up on the UGV to capture the sight around it, and then can send the video to the back end system in a wireless manner. Besides, we design an attacking system that allows users to do the zeroing correction for shooting the target precisely. Moreover, a shooting training system is designed to improve the convenience for target practice. It not only can send the result to the back end system immediately but also can simulate the enemy movement to make the training more reality.

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FARTHOUAT, PHILIPPE. "ATLAS ELECTRONICS: AN OVERVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics A 25, no. 09 (April 10, 2010): 1761–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x10049335.

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The readout electronics development of ATLAS has been driven by the large number of channels of the different subdetectors and by particular environment constraints. This paper gives an overview of the developments made for the front-end electronics, the front-end links, the back-end electronics and the power distribution. It also shows how common issues across the experiment have been handled.

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Kamachi Mudali, U. "Austenitic Stainless Steels for Back End of Nuclear Fuel Cycle." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.530.

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Austenitic stainless steels have received much attention in recent years due to their excellent combination of corrosion, mechanical and wear properties. They are finding wide applications in chemical, power, oil, refinery, biomedical, marine sectors and other industries where both good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion and wear resistances are demanded. In the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and waste storage and processing plants involving nitric acid as the main process medium, type 304L stainless steels (SS) are employed as work horse materials for manufacturing more than 90% of the plant components. Though these alloys form a protective Cr2O3 passive film over the surface in nitric acid under plant operating conditions, they undergo various types of corrosion failures in service. Welding and other metallurgical parameters including alloying elements, cold working, heat treatment etc. degrade the performance of the alloy in service. For qualifying the alloy for plant applications, ASTM A262 practice A and C are currently employed, however, long term performance under simulated plant operating conditions is necessary to understand the failure modes and life prediction of components. Today, nitrogen represents an economically, environmentally, attractive and versatile alloying element to steels and stainless steels. The beneficial effect of nitrogen alloying in stainless steels are manifolds, including solid solution strengthening, precipitation effects, phase control and corrosion and wear resistances. Recent years have seen a rapid development of these alloys with improved properties owing to advances in alloy processing technologies. The objective of the lecture is to bring out the various corrosion issues in reprocessing plants, short term laboratory versus long term field corrosion data, modeling for life prediction, effect of redox ions, nitrogen alloying, welding and corrosion damage, etc. and highlight the remedial actions to overcome the shortcomings due to corrosion issues.

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Eidson, G. W., S. T. Esswein, J. B. Gemmill, J. O. Hallstrom, T. R. Howard, J. K. Lawrence, C. J. Post, C. B. Sawyer, K. C. Wang, and D. L. White. "The South Carolina Digital Watershed: End-to-End Support for Real-Time Management of Water Resources." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 970868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/970868.

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Water resources are under unprecedented strain. The combined effects of population growth, climate change, and rural industrialization have led to greater demand for an increasingly scarce resource. Ensuring that communities have adequate access to water—an essential requirement for community health and prosperity—requires finegrained management policies based on real-time in situ data, both environmental and hydrological. To address this requirement at the state level, we have developed the South Carolina Digital Watershed, an end-to-end system for monitoring water resources. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of the core system components: (i) in situ sensing hardware, (ii) collection and uplink facilities, (iii) data streaming middleware, and (iv) back-end repository and presentation services. We conclude by discussing key organizational and technical challenges encountered during the development process.

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Iskandar, Karto, Jefriyanto Jefriyanto, Halena Giovanni, and Candra Gunawan. "Pengembangan Content Management System pada Admisi Online Binus University." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v3i2.2317.

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Technically registration form for new Binus institution must be regenerated and not dynamic. Therefore, this research is objected to simplify the creation of registration process for new Binus institution and provide solutions to the problem when Binus establish other new institutions. Methodology used is analysis and design of the database (database oriented). Analysis is done by asking the problems of existing systems in the IT Directorate, whereas the design uses UML diagram notation 2.0. The results obtained is front end and back end applications for the Content Management System of the registration form. The results of this design can be used to simplify the new student registration or in the many Binus institutions by grouping similar fields. With some changes in the front end and back end applications for content Management System, the addition of new online admission application form can be managed faster, where the creation of admision registration form is managed in the back end application. As suggestions for future development, online admission registration can be run in mobile version.

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Vogel, Joshua P., Cynthia Pileggi-Castro, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, Vicky Nogueira Pileggi, João Paulo Souza, Doris Chou, and Lale Say. "Millennium Development Goal 5 and adolescents: looking back, moving forward." Archives of Disease in Childhood 100, Suppl 1 (January 22, 2015): S43—S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-305514.

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Since the Millennium Declaration in 2000, unprecedented progress has been made in the reduction of global maternal mortality. Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5; improving maternal health) includes two primary targets, 5A and 5B. Target 5A aimed for a 75% reduction in the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR), and 5B aimed to achieve universal access to reproductive health. Globally, maternal mortality since 1990 has nearly halved and access to reproductive health services in developing countries has substantially improved. In setting goals and targets for the post-MDG era, the global maternal health community has recognised that ultimate goal of ending preventable maternal mortality is now within reach. The new target of a global MMR of <70 deaths per 100 000 live births by 2030 is ambitious, yet achievable and to reach this target a significantly increased effort to promote and ensure universal, equitable access to reproductive, maternal and newborn services for all women and adolescents will be required. In this article, as we reflect on patterns, trends and determinants of maternal mortality, morbidity and other key MDG5 indicators among adolescents, we aim to highlight the importance of promoting and protecting the sexual and reproductive health and rights of adolescents as part of renewed global efforts to end preventable maternal mortality.

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Pogge, Thomas, and Mitu Sengupta. "Assessing the sustainable development goals from a human rights perspective." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 32, no. 2 (June 2016): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2016.1198268.

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Though they improve upon the millennium development goals (MDGs), the new sustainable development goals (SDGs) have important draw-backs. First, in assessing present deprivations, they draw our attention to historical comparisons. Yet, that things were even worse before is morally irrelevant; what matters is how much better things could be now. Second, like the MDGs, the SDGs fail to specify any division of labor to ensure success. Therefore, should progress stall, we won't know who is responsible to get us back on track. We won't “end poverty in all its forms everywhere” without an agreement on who is to do what. Third, although the SDGs contain a goal calling for inequality reduction, this goal is specified so that the reduction need not start till 2029. Such delay would cause enormous death and suffering among the poor and enable the rich to shape national and supranational design in their own favor.

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Korgaonkar, Pradeep, Bay O’Leary, and Ronnie Silverblatt. "Critical Factors to Successful Website Development." International Journal of E-Business Research 5, no. 4 (October 2009): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jebr.2009040603.

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This study was conducted to help understand the factors involved in building a successful website. A national survey of professionals in the areas of Web site design and development were contacted. Based on past published writings in the literature eight factors were identified as critical to the success of website functionality. The factors that are consistently posited in the literature are: 1) Entertainment and Visual Appeal, 2) Reliability, 3) Cost Reductions Attained, 4) Back-End Processes Enabled, 5) Personalization, 6) Information Quality, 7) User Empowerment, and 8) Privacy/Security. Study results are based on the analysis of 349 responses and provide support for the research hypotheses.

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Kazova, Anastasiya, and Nadezhda Kalinina. "Russian pharmaceutical market at the end of 2020." Remedium. Journal about the Russian market of medicines and medical equipment, no. 1 (2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/1561-5936-2021-1-12-15.

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The unfavourable epidemic situation and epidemic-related government spending on the medical and pharmaceutical sectors provided added momentum to the growth of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the first months of 2020. The government investments in the procurement of pharmaceutical and medical products as well as the implementation of the Pharma-2030 strategy will continue to be the main drivers of such growth in the medium and long term. Adopted back in April 2019, this strategy provides for a rising scale of expenditure on healthcare, further import substitution, the local content of products made in Russia by foreign multinationals, as well as the development of e-commerce in the pharmaceutical retail sector.

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Andriesse, Edo, and Puntita Tanwattana. "Coping with the End of the Commodities Boom: Rubber Smallholders in Southern Thailand Oscillating Between Near-poverty and Middle-class Status." Journal of Developing Societies 34, no. 1 (January 24, 2018): 77–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x17752420.

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This article focuses on the steep fall in the international natural rubber price and investigates its impact on the socioeconomic situation of rubber smallholders in Southern Thailand, particularly diversification and community development. Based on surveys and semi-structured interviews, this article highlights the vulnerability of rubber smallholders in an upper middle-income country. Despite substantial diversification, volatility in the international rubber price still causes rural households to zigzag back and forth between the classes of near-poverty and accomplished middle class. Consistent diversification is hard to achieve, and there is a lack of local leadership. Current forces in the political economy of rubber are geared toward maintaining the status quo.

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HA, Chengxu, Cuihua YANG, Wei WANG, Yunzhong WANG, and Jiguang Qi. "A Study on Testicular Development in Apteronotus albifrons." Journal of Molecular Biology Research 10, no. 1 (September 8, 2020): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v10n1p82.

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Apteronotus albifrons has its cloacal aperture located in the front of the body and on the back of the lower jaw. A. albifrons possess a pair of testes attached on the mesentery below its liver on the back of the abdominal cavity. In the early days of development, the testes are in translucent elongated thin strips in nude colour. As they develop, the testes will grow thicker and become white or creamy white in color. The rear end of the testes will split whereas the front end will merge to form the vas deferens which is connected to the external environment through the cloacal aperture. Testes of A. albifrons are lobular. There are six stages in its development. At 6 months of age, the testis structure shows clear medium with primary spermatocytes and abundant spermatogonia, suggesting that development is into the stageⅡ. At 8 months of age, testes in male A. albifrons are in the shape of a thin rod in white with blood vessels in presence. Germ cells consist of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and spermatocytes, indicating stageⅢ development. At 11 months of age, testes in male A. albifrons grow fuller and are in creamy white with apparent blood vessels present. Primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and a small amount of sperms are president, indicating stageⅣ of development. At 15 months of age, testes in male A. albifrons swells and consist of a large amount of sperms, reaching full maturity. This is the stageⅥof development, after which is the stage featured by testes after spermiation.

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Holt, Tom G., Claude Dufresne, Jerrold M. Liesch, and Gary K. Mallow. "The Design and Development of an Integrated Natural Products Screening Database." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 5, no. 6 (December 2000): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705710000500605.

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We designed and developed NEXUS—a new natural products screening database and related suite of software applications-to utilize the spectacular increases in assay capacity of the modern high throughput screening (HTS) environment. NEXUS not only supports seamless integration with separate HTS systems, but supports user-customized integration with external laboratory automation, particularly sample preparation systems. Designed and developed based on a detailed process model for natural products drug discovery, NEXUS comprises two integrated parts: (1) a single schema of Oracle tables and callable procedures and functions, and (2) software "front-ends" to the database developed using Microsoft Excel and Oracle Discovery/2000. Many of the back-end processing functions were written in Programming Language/Structured Query Language (PL/SQL) to provide an Application Programmer's Interface, which allows end users to create custom applications with little input from information technology professionals.

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Medlock, R. S. "The Historical Development of Flow Metering." Measurement and Control 19, no. 5 (June 1986): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029408601900502.

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Historical interest in flow measurement can be traced back for more than a thousand years but it was less than four hundred years ago that the first principles began to be understood. The initial incentive to measure flow was the need to charge consumers and this led to the early development of positive/semipositive and inferential type integrating meters. Later, towards the end of the 19th century, measurement of flowrate became important for industrial and utility purposes. Pressure differential techniques held sway to satisfy this demand until about 1950 when alternative methods started to become available. Currently there are about sixty different flow measuring techniques in use to meet the ever-increasing requirements for domestic, custom transfer and industrial flow measurement of liquids, gases, vapours and solids in single or polyphase form.

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Ozdemir, Devrim, and Pamela A. Duffy. "Meeting the Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals Using Backward Design." Pedagogy in Health Promotion 3, no. 4 (August 25, 2016): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2373379916666542.

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The mission of public health programs is to prepare competent public health professionals for a dynamic workforce. One way to accomplish this mission is to design curricula that support learners’ competency attainment in today’s public health practice. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the actual steps taken to ensure that graduates meet public health core competencies. The major stages of this process are (a) backward design of the curriculum, (b) front-end analysis of the curriculum, and (c) back-end analysis of the curriculum. The backward design stage aligns a course curriculum with the core competencies. Front-end analysis provides evidence that the overall program curriculum aligns with the core competencies. The back-end analysis provides evidence of learners’ competency attainment. All three phases embed principles of continuous improvement to benefit the curriculum through a feedback-loop mechanism. Challenges, opportunities, and future directions for academic leaders of curriculum program development are discussed.

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Djukic, Miodrag, Nenad Cetic, Radovan Obradovic, and Miroslav Popovic. "An approach to instruction set compiled simulator development based on a target processor C compiler back-end design." Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering 9, no. 3 (July 14, 2013): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11334-013-0220-0.

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Guo, Cu, Qing Yi Hua, Ya Ming Li, Yan Shuo Chang, and Hong An Pan. "MD: A New Mobile User Interface Model." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 1739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.1739.

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In view of various shortcomings of the traditional MVC model and PAC model in mobile applications, this paper presents a new type of mobile user interface model named MD to guide the mobile user interface design and prototyping. MD model reasonably distributes the tasks between front-end and back-end: input and output are closely coupled as front code put in the D to achieve macro-communication, application model can be considered as back code put in the M. This model effectively solves the power restricted and other problems of mobile devices. By applying this model to the prototype development of Android-based Interactive Graphics Toolkit—AIGT, we verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.

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Davis, Michael C., Vladímir Bahyl, Germán Cancio, Eric Cano, Julien Leduc, and Steven Murray. "CERN Tape Archive — from development to production deployment." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 04015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921404015.

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The first production version of the CERN Tape Archive (CTA) software is planned to be released during 2019. CTA is designed to replace CASTOR as the CERN tape archive solution, to face the scalability and performance challenges arriving with LHC Run–3. In this paper, we describe the main commonalities and differences between CTA and CASTOR. We outline the functional enhancements and integration steps required to add the CTA tape back-end to an EOS disk storage system. We present and discuss the different deployment and migration scenarios for replacing the five CASTOR instances at CERN, including a description of how the File Transfer Service (FTS) will interface with EOS and CTA.

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Lee, Sang-Sub, Chang-Hong Kim, Min-Chul Kim, and Jong-Sang Kim. "Development of a Fire-Extinguishing Wallpaper Containing Microcapsules." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.3043adb9.

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In this study, a wallpaper with fire-extinguishing properties was developed. This wallpaper is expected to increase the evacuation time and suppress the spread of flames in case of fire. It was confirmed that the fire-extinguishing time of an ordinary wallpaper can be increased from 2 to 5 min by incorporating micro-extinguishing capsules in the general water pool. After attaching microfire-extinguishing capsules in the form of a film on the back of the wallpaper, a burning test using a torch and 45° flame retardant digestion was performed, and the thermal properties of the adhesive film were verified based on the reaction start temperature, peak point, reaction end temperature, and weight reduction rate through thermogravimetric analysis.

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García, Diego. "Let's go back to tennis! Playing tennis safe for everyone's health." ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review 28, no. 81 (April 12, 2021): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52383/itfcoaching.v28i81.33.

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This article, which is based on contributions from coaches and specialists, shares some proposals and suggestions that will allow the return to tennis activity in the best possible way. The information provided is structured into prior considerations, considerations before entering the court, development of tennis sessions and the end of the activity. We hope that these proposals will make it easier for coaches to return to the tennis court.

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Sari Sakti, Essy Malays, and Asril Basry. "APLIKASI REKENING BERSAMA SEBAGAI MEDIASI PEMBELI-PENJUAL DALAM TRANSAKSI ONLINE STORE." Jurnal Ilmiah FIFO 7, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/fifo.v7i1.1293.

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Aplikasi rekening bersama adalah aplikasi yang dibangun untuk menghubungkan antara pembeli, penjual dan admin rekening bersama yang terintegrasi dengan baik, guna menghindari adanya kecurangan antara pembeli dan penjual. Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan dari penelitian terdahulu, yang mana penelitian terdahulu mengggunakan dua komunikasi yaitu front end communication dan back end communication. Front end communication merupakan komunikasi antara pembeli, penjual dan admin rekening bersama yang dilakukan melalui aplikasi yang dibangun sedangkan back end communication merupakan komunikasi yang dilakukan diluar dari aplikasi tersebut misalnya komunikasi antara admin rekeningg bersama dengan kurir/ perusahaan pengiriman barang yang dilakukan merlalui telepon dan fax. Pada penelitian ini komuniksi antara pembeli, penjual dan admin rekening bersama dan kurir/perusahaan pengiriman barang, dilakukan hanya melalui aplikasi rekening bersama ( front end communication) . Dengan metode WDLC ( Web Development Life Cycle ). , dimana tahap pertama diawali dengan menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kembali aplikasi terdahulu untuk ditelaah lebih jauh serta melanjutkan pengembangan perancangan dan pengembangan aplikasi. Tahap ujicoba dilakukan dengan mengakses sebagai pembeli, penjual dan admin rekening bersama dan kurir . Hasil yang didapat bahwa komunikasi antara pembeli, penjual dan admin rekening bersama serta kurir dapat dilakukan secara frond end communiacation atau komunikasi dilakukan hanya melalui aplikasi rekening bersama saja.

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Fauzi, Akhmad, and Alex Oxtavianus. "The Measurement of Sustainable Development in Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v15i1.124.

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Nearly the end of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, bring back ideas for looking international development goals. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is one of them. In this study, sustainable development has defined as the balance of economic, social and environmental. The achievement of sustainable development is measured by using two different approaches, partial and composite indicator. Partial development indicators showed progress in economic and social dimensions. However, progress in these areas seems to put pressure on the environment. Sustainable Development Index (IPB), which is a composite of GDP, HDI and IKLH (Environmental Quality Index) also gives the same message. By using a balance between dimensions of development technique, as chosen scenario, sustainable development in Indonesia reached about two-thirds of the maximum target. Hight progress in economic and social ultimately corrected by environmental degradation.

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Wen, Jingren, Chuang Qian, Jian Tang, Hui Liu, Wenfang Ye, and Xiaoyun Fan. "2D LiDAR SLAM Back-End Optimization with Control Network Constraint for Mobile Mapping." Sensors 18, no. 11 (October 29, 2018): 3668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113668.

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Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been investigated in the field of robotics for two decades, as it is considered to be an effective method for solving the positioning and mapping problem in a single framework. In the SLAM community, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based SLAM and particle filter SLAM are the most mature technologies. After years of development, graph-based SLAM is becoming the most promising technology and a lot of progress has been made recently with respect to accuracy and efficiency. No matter which SLAM method is used, loop closure is a vital part for overcoming the accumulated errors. However, in 2D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) SLAM, on one hand, it is relatively difficult to extract distinctive features in LiDAR scans for loop closure detection, as 2D LiDAR scans encode much less information than images; on the other hand, there is also some special mapping scenery, where no loop closure exists. Thereby, in this paper, instead of loop closure detection, we first propose the method to introduce extra control network constraint (CNC) to the back-end optimization of graph-based SLAM, by aligning the LiDAR scan center with the control vertex of the presurveyed control network to optimize all the poses of scans and submaps. Field tests were carried out in a typical urban Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) weak outdoor area. The results prove that the position Root Mean Square (RMS) error of the selected key points is 0.3614 m, evaluated with a reference map produced by Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Mapping accuracy is significantly improved, compared to the mapping RMS of 1.6462 m without control network constraint. Adding distance constraints of the control network to the back-end optimization is an effective and practical method to solve the drift accumulation of LiDAR front-end scan matching.

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Tull, Laura. "Electronic Resources and Web Sites: Replacing a Back-end Database with Innovative's Electronic Resource Management." Information Technology and Libraries 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v24i4.3380.

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<span>In the fall of 2002, Ohio State University along with the University of Washington, the University of Western Australia, Washington State University, and Glasgow University entered into a development partnership with Innovative Interfaces. The goal was to develop a module to manage electronic resources, integrated into Innovative’s Millennium library system. The product, Electronic Resource Management (ERM), became available in 2004 and is based on the work of the Digital Library Federation Electronic Resources Management Initiative. This article focuses on one aspect of ERM, the integration of the module with the Web OPAC, and describes how the Ohio State University Libraries replaced a back-end database with ERM to support lists of electronic resources on their Web site.</span>

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35

Jalalabadi, Faryan, Aryan Sameri, and Edward Reece. "Product Development: From Concept to Market." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 32, no. 04 (October 22, 2018): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1673394.

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AbstractPlastic surgery has origins that date back to 3,000 BC and although some devices and techniques have withstood the test of time, the field has made much advancement through the use of modern day technology and innovation. The combination of the two has led to an array of advanced products we use in our offices and operating rooms on a daily basis. These products may be used by the surgeon or the patient, may be small scale, or sold en masse. The surgeon stands in a position of power, able to guide the progress of the field as a whole, through new product development. Ideas for advancement are just that—a thought—until put in the hands of an end user. This paper discusses the steps that may aid you in doing so: idea generation, design feasibility, testing and prototyping, pricing, distribution channels, marketing and sales, and seeking enablers.

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Jiang, Minmin, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yuhang Yuan, Yuchao Chen, Hua Lin, Junjian Zheng, Haixiang Li, and Xuehong Zhang. "Nitrate Removal and Dynamics of Microbial Community of A Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor at Diverse Nitrate Loadings and Distances from Hydrogen Supply End." Water 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2020): 3196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113196.

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The back-diffusion of inactive gases severely inhibits the hydrogen (H2) delivery rate of the close-end operated hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (H2-based MBfR). Nevertheless, less is known about the response of microbial communities in H2-based MBfR to the impact of the gases’ back-diffusion. In this research, the denitrification performance and microbial dynamics were studied in a H2-based MBfR operated at close-end mode with a fixed H2 pressure of 0.04 MPa and fed with nitrate (NO3−) containing influent. Results of single-factor and microsensor measurement experiments indicate that the H2 availability was the decisive factor that limits NO3− removal at the influent NO3− concentration of 30 mg N/L. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that (1) the increase of NO3− loading from 10 to 20–30 mg N/L resulted in the shift of dominant functional bacteria from Dechloromonas to Hydrogenophaga in the biofilm; (2) excessive NO3− loading led to the declined relative abundance of Hydrogenophaga and basic metabolic pathways as well as counts of most denitrifying enzyme genes; and (3) in most cases, the decreased quantity of N metabolism-related functional bacteria and genes with increasing distance from the H2 supply end corroborates that the microbial community structure in H2-based MBfR was significantly impacted by the gases’ back-diffusion.

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37

Cao, P., Z. A. Liu, J. Zhao, H. Kou, J. Tao, J. Song, W. Gong, et al. "Research and development of the back-end electronics for the two-dimensional improved resistive plate chambers in CMS upgrade." Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 5, no. 2 (April 21, 2021): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41605-020-00229-2.

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38

Miki, Shota, Takaharu Yamano, Sumihiro Ichikawa, Masaki Sanada, and Masato Tanaka. "Development of 3D System-in-Package with TSV Technology." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2014, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 000612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-wp13.

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In recent years, products such as smart phones, tablets, and wearable devices, are becoming miniaturized and high performance. 3D-type semiconductor structures are advancing as the demand for high-density assembly increases. We studied a fabrication process using a SoC die and a memory die for 3D-SiP (System in Package) with TSV technology. Our fabrication is comprised of two processes. One is called MEOL (Middle End of Line) for exposing and completing the TSV's in the SoC die, and the other is assembling the SoC and memory dice in a 3D stack. The TSV completion in MEOL was achieved by SoC wafer back-side processing. Because its final thickness will be a thin 50μm (typical), the SoC wafer (300 mm diameter) is temporarily attached face-down onto a carrier-wafer. Careful back-side grinding reveals the “blind vias” and fully opens them into TSV's. A passivation layer is then grown on the back of the wafer. With planarization techniques, the via metal is accessed and TSV pads are built by electro-less plating without photolithography. After the carrier-wafer is de-bonded, the thin wafer is sawed into dice. For assembling the 3D die stack, flip-chip technology by thermo-compression bonding was the method chosen. First, the SoC die with copper pillar bumps is assembled to the conventional organic substrate. Next the micro-bumps on the memory die are bonded to the TSV pads of the SoC die. Finally, the finished assembly is encapsulated and solder balls (BGA) are attached. The 3D-SiP has passed both package-level reliability and board-level reliability testing. These results show we achieved fabricating a 3D-SiP with high interconnect reliability.

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Hebert, Jeffrey J., Shane L. Koppenhaver, and Bruce F. Walker. "Subgrouping Patients With Low Back Pain." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 3, no. 6 (August 23, 2011): 534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738111415044.

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Context: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent condition imposing a large socioeconomic burden. Despite intensive research aimed at the efficacy of various therapies for patients with LBP, most evidence has failed to identify a superior treatment approach. One proposed solution to this dilemma is to identify subgroups of patients with LBP and match them with targeted therapies. Among the subgrouping approaches, the system of treatment-based classification (TBC) is promoted as a means of increasing the effectiveness of conservative interventions for patients with LBP. Evidence acquisition: MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched from 1985 through 2010, along with the references of selected articles. Results: TBC uses a standardized approach to categorize patients into 1 of 4 subgroups: spinal manipulation, stabilization exercise, end-range loading exercise, and traction. Although the TBC subgroups are in various stages of development, recent research lends support to the effectiveness of this approach. Conclusions: While additional research is required to better elucidate this method, the TBC approach enhances clinical decision making, as evidenced by the improved clinical outcomes experienced by patients with LBP.

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Verma, V. K., Wahab Uddin, and V. P. Gaur. "Development of an Instrument Based on a Fibre-Bonded CCD Camera for Prominence Observations." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 167 (1998): 506–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100048181.

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AbstractWe have devloped and tested an instrument based on a fibrebonded CCD camera for observations of solar prominences. To record faint prominences we have used a solid aluminized glass cone which reflects bright solar disc light outside the telescope tube. The prominence monitor is installed at the back end of a 15-cm f/15 coude refractor telescope after the H-alpha filter. This prominence monitor is capable of recording prominence images at an interval of 5 sec, but during prominence eruptions it can record images at an interval of 2 sec.

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Allyn, J. W., R. Teplick, J. B. Steinberg, N. A. Munfakh, G. A. Geffin, J. Titus, and W. M. Daggett. "Norepinephrine increases the economy of pressure development in isolated canine hearts." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): H715—H721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.3.h715.

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To test for oxygen wasting by norepinephrine (NE) without relying on normalization by measures of performance such as the pressure-volume area, myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) was determined for isovolumic beats at five different left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volumes (EDV) in nine isolated cross-perfused canine hearts in each of three states: a basal anesthetic state (B); after depression with halothane (H); and after adding NE to increase contractility back to the B state (H+NE). The end-diastolic and peak systolic pressure-volume lines were identical for B and H+NE. The R2 for a linear regression of MVO2 per beat for B vs. H+NE for beats originating at the same EDV and developing similar (within 10%) peak isovolumic pressures for all hearts was 0.85. The slope and intercept were 0.83 and 0.01, which are significantly less than one (P less than 0.001) and greater than zero (P less than 0.001), respectively. These data suggest that NE increases both the economy of pressure development as well as activation energy of an isovolumically contracting LV.

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Athukorala, Prema-Chandra, and Sisira Jayasuriya. "Economic Policy Shifts in Sri Lanka: The Post-Conflict Development Challenge." Asian Economic Papers 12, no. 2 (June 2013): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00203.

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The end of the long civil war in Sri Lanka in 2009 generated widespread expectations of a peace dividend that would enable the country to embark on a period of sustained economic growth. Recent developments have dampened that optimism, however, rekindling fears that Sri Lanka's tale of missed opportunities may continue. After showing remarkable resilience during decades of war and conflict, the Sri Lankan economy has failed to capitalize on the window of opportunity presented by the end of the military conflict. In the aftermath of military victory, there has been a sharp reversal of trade liberalization and a marked shift back towards nationalist-populist state-centered economic policies, reflecting the pressures of resurgent nationalism, an unprecedented concentration of political power in a small ruling group, and the influence of some powerful vested interests. Unfortunately, a return to the failed past policies of inward-oriented development strategies offers no viable solutions for the problems confronting small, capital- and resource-poor countries in today's globalized world. Sri Lanka must change both its political practices and economic policies drastically and urgently to cope with the huge development challenges facing it in an environment of global economic turbulence.

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43

Subrahmanyam, Kodukula, Tirumuru Ketha, Salichemaladevarajulu Balakrishna, and Telaprolu Naga Manoj Kumar. "Development of Research & Development Dashboard For an University." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.13527.

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An information dashboard is a data association gadget that ostensibly tracks, displays and demonstrates the principle key execution markers (KPI) and key information focuses to screen the soundness of a business, university, office or particular process. They are versatile to meet the specific needs of an office and company or an university. A dashboard interfaces with our documents, attachments, services and API's, yet at first look shows this information as tables and also used to monitor and track various data. As constant checking decreases the hours of breaking down an information dashboard is the most proficient approach to track numerous information. In Research and progression work is facilitated towards the innovation, introduction, and development and advancement of products and processes. In this project we are going to develop a framework for R&D of a University in this we are mainly focusing on the Academic Research, sponsored & Internal Funding Research, Consultancy, center of Excellence, Innovation Incubation & Entrepreneurship and Extramural.This R&D Dashboard is utilized for web based enlisting for patents, copyrights, licenses, copyrights, productions in meetings, sorting out gatherings, seminars and workshops. This Dashboard was developed, utilizing Windows-based Microsoft excel, VISUAL BASIC and back end is Microsoft Access Database. The VISUAL BASIC has easy to use pull down menus and toolbars for different analysis.

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Wu, Di, Z. Q. Zhu, and Robert Nilssen. "Development of a Segmented Linear Variable Flux Reluctance Motor with DC-Field Coil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.203.

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This paper proposes a new type of linear motor based on the concept of variable flux reluctance motor (VFRM). By adopting segmented primary stator, the segmented linear VFRM (SLVFRM) can eliminate asymmetry between phases due to end-effect. Meanwhile, multi-phase SLVFRM of any number of phases can be obtained by adjusting number of segments directly. The stator/mover tooth pitch combination and segments arrangement rules are also illustrated. An optimized 3-phase SLVFRM is analyzed by finite element analysis, with focus on characteristics such as cogging force, back-EMF and winding inductances. Further, both brushless AC (BLAC) and brushless DC (BLDC) drive for SLVFRM are investigated. Besides much smaller force ripple, BLDC drive can obtain higher average force at same RMS current due to trapezoidal back-EMF. The force characteristicwith variousAC and DC currents and current angles are also investigated in the paper, and it shows that SLVFRM has negligible reluctance force while keeping the same AC and DC currents is optimal for maximum efficiency operation under a fixed copper loss.

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45

Johnston, R. J., and C. J. Pattie. "Is the Seesaw Tipping Back? The End of Thatcherism and Changing Voting Patterns in Great Britain 1979–92." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 24, no. 10 (October 1992): 1491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a241491.

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Accounts of British voting behaviour in the 1980s stressed the development of growing spatial divides within the country, especially a north-south divide which reflected economic success in the increasingly Conservative-dominated south and depression in the Labour-supporting north. A new geography of recession was emerging in the early 1990s, however, and the first general election since (in April 1992) suggests that the period of divergence has ended, to be replaced by convergence in the electoral geography of Britain though at spatially varying rates and at a pace insufficient to close the political divides entirely and lead to the government's demise.

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GERNREICH, CHRIS C. "WHAT EMPLOYEES REALLY WANT: DEMANDS FOR INDIVIDUAL IDEA DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Innovation Management 22, no. 08 (December 2018): 1840010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919618400108.

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Present research on the front-end of innovation mainly examines factors or resources influencing an employee’s creativity, measured by outcomes such as the generated ideas. From the point of articulation, the ideas are more or less easy to handle as they enter a company’s sphere of influence. However, ideas that are held back by employees are not so easy to grasp, although they could provide a large pool of ideas to gain benefits from. This qualitative-empirical study points at demands of employees that have to be met to create an environment, which supports the development of ideas. Employees have great demands during information gathering and idea evaluation. Furthermore, the moment, when employees enter ideas into the idea management system, they are very sensitive to obstacles and feedback.

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Pearson, M. N. "The Thin End of the Wedge Medical Relativities as a Paradigm of Early Modern Indian–European Relations." Modern Asian Studies 29, no. 1 (February 1995): 141–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00012658.

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The Rise of the West, the creation of the Third World, the beginnings of disparity between Asia and Europe, or whatever other phrase is used, is obviously the great event of world history; hence the attempts to explain and date it, going back to the time when the Rise was actually beginning in the later eighteenth century. The literature is vast, complex and mostly of high quality. Some of it is concerned with causation—how did ‘the West’ get ahead, why did ‘Asia’ fall back or perhaps just stay the same? Others are interested in trying to date the beginnings of inequality—when can we see the beginnings of dominance, where did this occur and in which sectors of human life was this first to be seen? The first matter is, of course, the more important for an historian. It has been argued that, in the most general way, the fundamental cause of the beginnings of inequality is the series of changes in western Europe, and at first in England, known collectively as the Industrial Revolution. I will use this term as a shorthand for these collective changes, which Marshall Hodgson called the ‘Great Western Transmutation.’ Put most crudely, western Europe advanced and changed in a paradigmatic way, while Asia did not. At the most, Asia kept doing what it had been doing for centuries; Europe changed basically.

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Qadir, Usman. "Paul Krugman. End This Depression Now! New York, USA: W. W. Norton & Company. 2012. 288 pages. U.S. $ 15.95." Pakistan Development Review 52, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v52i1pp.92-94.

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In “End This Depression Now!” Krugman has tackled the economic recession that has plagued countries across the globe in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. In contrast to other books on the subject, however, the focus of the author is not on how the crisis and the resultant recession happened, but rather on the more pertinent question of what to do now and how to recover from the slump. Krugman is of the view that the aim should not be merely to avoid a complete collapse, as several economists and policy-makers seem content to do, but to address the “chronic condition of subnormal activity” of this recession and pursue a complete recovery. The author sets the stage by painting a bleak picture of the impact of the recession on the citizens of developed countries, countries rich in natural and human resources. There is a lack of jobs in these countries, as represented by a rising involuntary employment rate, and the author feels that lives have been ruined because the recession is lingering on, and because of that, unemployment is following suit. While temporary unemployment is a feature of a complex, dynamic economy, persistent unemployment erodes the employment prospects of workers in the post-recession period. Moreover, low business investment in the private sector and government investment in the public sector will have a detrimental effect on productive capacity in future years as older scrapped machinery is not replaced, and public sector programmes in education and health are scaled back.

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Pruitt, Dean G. "Prenegotiation Development of Optimism in Intractable Conflict." International Negotiation 20, no. 1 (March 17, 2015): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-12341297.

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Except when there is substantial third-party pressure for settlement, participants in intractable conflict will only enter negotiation if they are motivated to end the conflict and optimistic about negotiation’s chances of success. The sources of such optimism are explored using case material from three intractable interethnic conflicts that were ultimately resolved by negotiation. In all three cases, optimism developed during prenegotiation communication between the parties. Also there were two main channels of communication, each channel providing credibility to the other and serving as a back-up if the other failed. In two of the cases the communication was face-to-face and friendly, but in the third it was distant and mediated by a chain of two intermediaries. A possible reason for this difference is that the parties were positively interdependent in the first two cases but not in the third. The paper concludes with a summary of three psychological experiments that demonstrate the impact of positive vs. negative interdependence.

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Borisenkov, Vladimir Panteleimonovich. "Phenomenon in the History of Development of Education in Africa: Schools of the Kingdom of the Сongo (XV–XVI)." Moscow University Pedagogical Education Bulletin, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51314/2073-2635-2017-3-47-55.

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The article is devoted to the most interesting phenomenon in the history of the development of European education in Tropical Africa - the schools of the Kingdom of the Congo, the appearance and dissemination of which dates back to the end of the XV - the beginning of the XVI centuries. The role of the prominent Congolese monarch, Alfonso I, is shown in the Christianization of the kingdom, the spread of European education and the struggle against slavers.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Backend development'

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Journal articles on the topic 'Back­end development'

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Journal articles on the topic 'Backend development'