Academic literature on the topic 'Bacillus subtilis – Recherche'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bacillus subtilis – Recherche"
Ruzal, Sandra M. "“A La Recherche” of Functions for the Spore Protein SASP-E from Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 23, no. 1 (January 2013): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1206.06028.
Full textDesprés, Merlin, and Simon Gaudin. "Le monoxyde d’azote: Une arme du système immunitaire pour brouiller les communications entre bactéries." médecine/sciences 36, no. 11 (November 2020): 1074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020214.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacillus subtilis – Recherche"
El, khoury Takla. "Recherche des substrats et des activateurs d'une nouvelle famille de protéine kinase bactérienne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV003.
Full textProtein kinases are responsible of protein phosphorylation, a post-translational modification and a very effective and almost instantaneous control of a multitude of cellular processes. They are involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways in living organisms enabling their adaptation to environmental changes. In prokaryotes, the existence of serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases was, for a long time, a subject of controversy. However, over the past two decades, many studies have shown that these types of phosphorylation (Ser/Thr/Tyr) do exist in bacteria and are involved in the regulation of a wide variety of biological processes. In addition to protein kinases related to eukaryotic enzymes, bacteria also have some specific protein kinases having no structural resemblance to their eukaryotic homologues which, if essential, made them a possible target for new antimicrobial agents. YdiB is a novel bacterial protein kinase from Bacillus subtilis. In situ localisation of YdiB has been studied by immunofluorescence which reveals its presence near the plasma membrane. The interaction of YdiB with the membrane phospholipids was assessed by flotation assay and surface plasmon resonance demonstrating the presence of a stable and strong interaction between the kinase and two phospholipids: phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. In addition, the affinity constant (KD) between YdiB and phosphatidylserine was found to be equal to 13.3 x 10-9 M. Moreover, these two phospholipids or just their charged headgroups were able to significantly induce the autophosphorylation of YdiB.On the other hand, the role of YdiB in the bacterial growth especially under oxidative stress was also studied in the wild-type strain and in ∆ydiB mutant. Under oxidative stress conditions, the deleted strain was unable to survive whereas a conditional complementation of ∆ydiB mutant was able to restore a normal growth profile for the bacterium. This reveals the important role played by YdiB in the bacterial resistance to oxidative stress. In addition, protein involved in the resistance to oxidative stress like Superoxide dismutase F (SodF) and superoxide dismutase A (Sod A) were tested as potential substrates for YdiB. Doing the trans-phosphorylation assay, we were able to prove that Sod B could be a potential substrate for YdiB thus explaining its involvement in the resistance to oxidative stress in Bacillus subtilis
Ramström, Helena. "Caractérisation de l'enzyme HPr kinase/phosphatase de Bacillus subtilis et recherche d'inhibiteurs spécifiques." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR14031.
Full textIn the hierarchical control of carbon sources, as well as in autoregulation of carbohydrate utilization within a specific metabolic pathway, the enzyme HPr kinase plays a decisive role in low-GC (guanine, cytosine) Gram-positive bacteria. Since HPr kinase is unique for prokaryotes, and inactivation of the enzyme in Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus xylosus and Lactobacillus casei leads to severe growth defects, inhibitors could be attractive as potential antibiotic drugs. One part of the work concerned the identification of inhibitors of HPr kinase, which is a bifunctional enzyme possessing both kinase and phosphatase activities (HPrK/P), in the most studied and best characterized organism for low-GC Gram-positive bacteria, B. Subtilis. Three different strategies were used involving: 1) a rational approach in the design of a peptide/peptoid library starting from the phosphorylation site of the protein substrates, HPr/Crh; 2) screening of libraries containing substances with high structural diversity using a dispensing robot, and; 3) a dynamic combinatorial approach. From these screening campaigns, bis-cationic compounds with an alkyl linker bridging two moieties, in particular, were found to be potent inhibitors. Refinement compounds emphasized the importance of the distance between the two moieties and, furthermore, suggested that one binding site may be more important for potency than the second binding site. Another part of the work concerned properties and regulation of the bifunctional HPrK/P using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and an in vitro radioactive assay. The enzyme was found to exist mainly as a hexamer at pH 6. 8 and as monomer and dimer at pH 9. 5. The switch between kinase and phosphatase activity is probably correlated to the oligomeric state of the enzyme where the hexamer favors the phosphatase activity and the lower oligomeric state the kinase activity. The oligomeric state of the enzyme is suggested to be modified by several effectors and correlated to the kinase or phosphatase activity. Both opposing activities required divalent cations and phosphatase activity was also observed only in the presence of magnesium suggesting a regulatory role of the divalent cation in addition to be involved in the phosphoryl transfer. Kinetic parameters indicated a preference for binding of HPr compared to Crh to the enzyme and supported a strong cooperativity. Thus, the enzyme HPrK/P is involved in a sophisticated regulation system sensing environmental changes in the availability of carbon sources to adapt the uptake and use of nutrients in a hierarchical way in probably at least two different ecological niches
Suski, Catherine. "Recherche des fonctions biologiques de l'ADN polymérase DnaE de la bactérie à Gram-positif Bacillus subtilis." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112323.
Full textBen, Khelifa Khadija. "Recherche des mécanismes d'inactivation chromosomique chez les clones diploides non-complémentants produits par fusion de protoplastes de Bacillus subtilis." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112048.
Full textCousin, Charlotte. "La gestion des sources carbonées chez Bacillus subtilis - Stratégie de validation expérimentale guidée par le modèle mathématique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGPT0008.
Full textIn this study, we established a dynamical differential equation model of glycolysis in Bacillus subtilis that couples enzymatic and transcriptional regulation. Full experimental validation of such a complex model is currently not feasible. Thus, we built a model-driven validation strategy to decrease the number of experiments and focus only on several key points of the regulation. Model analysis at steady-state pointed out: strong structural properties of glycolysis, key enzymes involved and enzymatic regulations that seem indispensable. Our objective was to validate the predicted enzymatic regulation, demonstrate the structural properties from a biological perspective and perturb them in order to validate the model. First, the model predicted critical enzymatic regulations that we verified experimentally. This in silico-driven approach led us to some unexpected discoveries. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase were both predicted by the model to be inactivated by phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). We purified the enzymes from B. subtilis and were able to demonstrate uncompetitive inhibition by PEP for both of them. Moreover, pyruvate kinase, catalyzing the last step of glycolysis, was predicted to be activated by ribose-5-phosphate (R5P). Enzymatic assays with N-terminally tagged B. subtilis pyruvate kinase showed no activation by R5P, or any known activator of pyruvate kinases from other species. By contrast, enzymatic assays with C-terminally tagged B. subtilis pyruvate kinase showed the predicted R5P activation, suggesting the implication of the N-terminus in B. subtilis pyruvate kinase stability. Finally, the model analysis showed that pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase need to be strongly correlated to maintain the robustness of glycolysis. This notion is supported by the fact that genes coding for these enzymes constitute an operon (pfk-pyk). In order to perturb the robust regulation of glycolysis, we constructed B. subtilis with the genes pfk and pyk uncoupled, each under control of a separate inducible promoter. The results show high-robustness of B. subtilis glycolysis that was difficult to perturb. In the end, the mathematical model has been validated. This work has demonstrated the shortcomings and the advantages of working at the interface between mathematics and biology, which is necessary for full understanding of high-complexity biological networks
Allal-Benfekih, Leila. "Recherches quantitatives sur le criquet migrateur Locusta migratoria (Orth. Oedipodinae) dans le Sahara algérien : perspectives de lutte biologique à l'aide de microorganismes pathogènes et de peptides synthétiques." Limoges, 2006. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/93dcc89f-6d2c-4a15-8fed-2f990c49f7fe/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0026.pdf.
Full textLocusta migratoria ssp. Cinerascens have spread recently in irrigated perimeters in the Central Algerian Sahara. The cycle comprises three generations. The first one is developed on winter cereals and is characterised by a drastic temporal variation of its sex ratio and a development stress evidenced by the fluctuating asymmetry of tegmina. The second and third ones grow on Sorghum vulgare fields and vegetable gardens and show a balanced sex ratio and a low level of fluctuating asymmetry. The diet study revealed the originality of the L5 (fifth instar larvae) from the L4 and adults. The experiments of growth with different species of Poaceae given as food supply shed a light on the growth abnormality of populations developed on T. Durum. To control this insect pest, we recommend at the field level a careful weeding. At the laboratory level, we have tested the efficiency of three strains of B. Subtilis on the LT50 in L5, and on the development and resorption of oocytes in adults. B. Thuringiensis Cry1-toxin shows a limiting effect on larvae growth. Finally, the neuropeptide-F extracted from Potato beetle disturbs ovarian physiology
Book chapters on the topic "Bacillus subtilis – Recherche"
Seror-Laurent, Simone J., Gilles Henckes, Alain Levine, and Franeoise Vannier. "INITIATION OF CHROMOSOMAL REPLICATION IN THE BACILLUS SUBTILIS MUTANT DNA 3711This research was supported, in part, by grants from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ATP “Microbiologie,” and ATP “Biotechnologiey,”, No. 040136." In Bacillus Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Applications, 55–71. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-274155-5.50011-8.
Full textLopez, F., N. Guillen, and L. Hirschbein. "FURTHER CHARACTERIZATION OF THE INACTIVE CHROMOSOME FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STABILIZED NONCOMPLEMENTING DIPLOIDS11This study was supported by grants from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (L.A. 136, ATP Microbiologie) to L. Hirschbein and from the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer No. 6263 to L. Hirschbein. F. Lopez is the recipient of a scholarship (M.I.R.) for graduate students from the French Government." In Bacillus Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Applications, 73–86. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-274155-5.50012-x.
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