Academic literature on the topic 'Bacillus (bacteria)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

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Субботин, A. Subbotin, Бажин, A. Bazhin, Калёнова, L. Kalenova, Новикова, and M. Novikova. "Dependence of the Biological Activity of the Permafrost Bacteria Bacillus Sp. on Temperature." Journal of New Medical Technologies 21, no. 4 (October 8, 2014): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7288.

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Fossil bacteria in permafrost evolutionarily adapted to low temperatures (-5ºC), modern probiotics bacteria are adapted to living in warm-blooded animals (37ºC). It was found that at -5ºC, the enzymatic activity of fossil bacteria Bacillus sp. MG8 is a minimal strain. At lowering the incubation temperature to -16ºC, the enzymatic activity of bacte-ria MG8 increases in 3 times, at the temperature 42ºC - in a 1.5times relative IP5832 strain probiotic bacteria Bacillus cereus. Fossil strain Bacillus sp. MG8 and probiotic bacterial strain B.cereus IP5832 at incubation temperature 37ºC practically don’t differ from each other in the enzymatic activity in vitro and toxicity in laboratory animals in vivo. Incubation fossil bacteria Bacillus sp. at -5ºC allows to reduce their toxicity in warm-blooded animals in 5 times in comparison with Bacillus cereus JP5832, and to increase immunostimulating effect in the doses from 0,005•106 to 50•106 microbial cells per mouse. The obtained data show that fossil saprophytic bacteria strain MG8 Bacillus sp. from permafrost are less toxic to modern mammals than even bacilli-probiotics for medical purposes.
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Stiller, Alison, Ashley Fink, and David Mitchell. "Bacillus cereus & Bacillus pumilus Harvested from a Copper Roof Inhibit the Growth of Other Microorganisms." American Journal of Undergraduate Research 17, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33697/ajur.2020.016.

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Bacteria growing under the effects of unique selective pressures have distinct adaptations allowing them to survive. Copper surfaces present challenges for bacterial survival because ions dissolve from the surfaces and disrupt cell membranes, thus inhibiting bacterial growth. In this study, the copper roof of Simons Hall in Collegeville, Minnesota was sampled for bacterial species during November 2018. Bacteria were isolated and grown in culture, and zones of inhibition were identified surrounding three of the bacterial colonies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify two of the bacteria samples as Bacillus cereus and a third sample as Bacillus pumilus. Bacilli are large, rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria commonly found in diverse environments. They are endospore-forming aerobes or facultative anaerobes. Initial experiments indicated that all three Bacillus strains had the ability to inhibit the growth of three environmental microorganisms. Results from growth curve experiments depicted inhibitory effects on environmental microorganisms at all stages of the growth curve, which is contrary to the prediction that the inhibitory behavior would appear at one specific period of the growth curve. Additional experiments involved plating isolates of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus pumilus with laboratory samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Listeria monocytogenes to further understand the effectiveness of B. cereus and B. pumilus at inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms. These findings support previous studies and suggest that Bacillus are capable of inhibiting or killing other organisms. Further research will be conducted to illuminate the inhibitory mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic possibilities. KEYWORDS: Bacteria; Copper; Resistance; Growth Curve; Inhibition; Bacillus; Bacteriocin; Antimicrobial Peptides
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Łubkowska, Beata, Joanna Jeżewska-Frąckowiak, Michał Sroczyński, Magdalena Dzitkowska-Zabielska, Aleksandra Bojarczuk, Piotr M. Skowron, and Paweł Cięszczyk. "Analysis of Industrial Bacillus Species as Potential Probiotics for Dietary Supplements." Microorganisms 11, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020488.

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So far, Bacillus species bacteria are being used as bacteria concentrates, supplementing cleaning preparations in order to reduce odor and expel pathogenic bacteria. Here, we discuss the potential of Bacillus species as ‘natural’ probiotics and evaluate their microbiological characteristics. An industrial microbiological concentrate CS-4 of mixed Bacillus species cultures was tested, which may be a promising bacteria source for food probiotic preparation for supplementary diet. In this study, antagonistic activities and probiotic potential of Bacillus species, derived from an industrial microbiological concentrate, were demonstrated. The cell free supernatants (CFS) from Bacillus licheniformis mostly inhibited the growth of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 35150, Salmonella Enteritidis KCCM 12021, and Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 11335, while some of Bacillus strains showed synergistic effect with foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, Bacillus strains identified by the MALDI TOF-MS method were found sensitive to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and rifampicin. B. licheniformis and B. cereus displayed the least sensitivity to the other tested antibiotics, such as ampicillin, ampicillin and sulfbactam, streptomycin, and oxacillin and bacitracin. Furthermore, some of the bacterial species detected extended their growth range from the mesophilic to moderately thermophilic range, up to 54 °C. Thus, their potential sensitivity to thermophilic TP-84 bacteriophage, infecting thermophilic Bacilli, was tested for the purpose of isolation a new bacterial host for engineered bionanoparticles construction. We reason that the natural environmental microflora of non-pathogenic Bacillus species, especially B. licheniformis, can become a present probiotic remedy for many contemporary issues related to gastrointestinal tract health, especially for individuals under metabolic strain or for the increasingly growing group of lactose-intolerant people.
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Annisa, Rafika, Kartika Manalu, and Rizki Amelia Nasution. "Screening of Antimicrobial Producing Bacteria from Berawe Beach Sand on Kampai Pangkalan Susu Island against Pathogenic Bacteria." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 24, no. 1 (January 11, 2024): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6334.

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Sand is naturally a place to live, grow and develop some marine animals and microorganisms, usually bacteria originating from the sea area that have a large number of bioactive compounds that can produce various kinds of secondary metabolites for further production of antimicrobials. The purpose of this study was to obtain bacteria that have the potential to produce antimicrobials and to characterize bacterial isolates on the sand of Berawe Beach, Kampai Island, Pangkalan Susu. In this study several stages were carried out, namely sampling, isolation, purification, morphological characterization, antimicrobial activity test, gram staining, biochemical test and determining the bacterial genus. The results of this study obtained 9 isolates (SP14A. SP15A, SP16A, SP24A, SP24B, SP35A, SP44A, SP44B and SP45A) which have the potential as antimicrobial producers. Characterization of antimicrobial bacterial isolates from the sand of Berawe Beach, Kampai Island, Pangkalan Susu, namely isolate SP14A, which is a gram- positive bacterium in the form of streptobacilli. SP15A, SP24B and SP44B isolates were coccus-shaped gram-positive bacteria. SP16A, SP35A, SP44A and SP45A isolates were gram-positive bacteria in the form of bacilli. And isolate SP24A is a gram-negative bacterium in the form of streptobacilli. All isolates produce catalase enzymes but do not use carbon and energy. Isolates that are motile (SP14A, SP15A, SP16A, SP24A, SP35A, SP44A and SP45A) can ferment glucose while non-motile (SP24B and SP44B) cannot ferment glucose. These bacteria come from the genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, LactoBacillus and Alcaligenes. Species of Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus firmus, LactoBacillus bulgaricus, Micrococcus luteus and Alcaligenes eutrophus.
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Sumardi, Sumardi, Salman Farisi, Christina Nugroho Ekowati, and Rizka Oktavia. "Uji Tantang Bakteri Bacillus Kandidat Probiotik secara Invitro terhadap Bakteri Vibrio harveyi." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.799.

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This study aims to isolate Bacillus that can fight the growth of Vibrio harveyi . Based on the results of the inter-Bacillus competition test show that Bacillus isolates was able to compete and grow with each other on the SWCA media. The challenge test Bacillus bacterial to against Vibrio harveyi bacteria, that Bacillus did not yet produce anti-bacteria on the second day. In the joint culture test method between Bacillus and Vibrio harveyi that Bacillus were able to inhibit the growth of Vibrio harveyi bacteria on the 4th day.
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Ngalimat, Mohamad Syazwan, Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd. Rahman, Mohd Termizi Yusof, Amir Syahir, and Suriana Sabri. "Characterisation of bacteria isolated from the stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama, honey, bee bread and propolis." PeerJ 7 (August 22, 2019): e7478. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7478.

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Bacteria are present in stingless bee nest products. However, detailed information on their characteristics is scarce. Thus, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of bacterial species isolated from Malaysian stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama, nest products. Honey, bee bread and propolis were collected aseptically from four geographical localities of Malaysia. Total plate count (TPC), bacterial identification, phenotypic profile and enzymatic and antibacterial activities were studied. The results indicated that the number of TPC varies from one location to another. A total of 41 different bacterial isolates from the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were identified. Bacillus species were the major bacteria found. Therein, Bacillus cereus was the most frequently isolated species followed by Bacillus aryabhattai, Bacillus oleronius, Bacillus stratosphericus, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus nealsonii, Bacillus toyonensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus safensis, Bacillus pseudomycoides, Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pantoea dispersa and Streptomyces kunmingensis. Phenotypic profile of 15 bacterial isolates using GEN III MicroPlate™ system revealed most of the isolates as capable to utilise carbohydrates as well as amino acids and carboxylic acids and derivatives. Proteolytic, lipolytic and cellulolytic activities as determined by enzymatic assays were detected in Bacillus stratosphericus PD6, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PD9, Bacillus subtilis BD3 and Bacillus safensis BD9. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PD9 showed broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vitro. The multienzymes and antimicrobial activities exhibited by the bacterial isolates from H. itama nest products could provide potential sources of enzymes and antimicrobial compounds for biotechnological applications.
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Ngalimat, Mohamad Syazwan, Radin Shafierul Radin Yahaya, Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin, Syafiqah Mohd Yaminudin, Murni Karim, Siti Aqlima Ahmad, and Suriana Sabri. "A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group Bacillus amyloliquefaciens." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030614.

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Bacteria under the operational group Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (OGBa) are all Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped. Taxonomically, the OGBa belongs to the Bacillus subtilis species complex, family Bacillaceae, class Bacilli, and phylum Firmicutes. To date, the OGBa comprises four bacterial species: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus nakamurai. They are widely distributed in various niches including soil, plants, food, and water. A resurgence in genome mining has caused an increased focus on the biotechnological applications of bacterial species belonging to the OGBa. The members of OGBa are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) due to their abilities to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophore and phytohormones, as well as antimicrobial compounds. Moreover, they are also reported to produce various enzymes including α-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, aminotransferase, barnase, peroxidase, and laccase. Antimicrobial compounds that able to inhibit the growth of pathogens including non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides are also produced by these bacteria. Within the OGBa, various B. velezensis strains are promising for use as probiotics for animals and fishes. Genome mining has revealed the potential applications of members of OGBa for removing organophosphorus (OPs) pesticides. Thus, this review focused on the applicability of members of OGBa as plant growth promoters, biocontrol agents, probiotics, bioremediation agents, as well as producers of commercial enzymes and antibiotics. Here, the bioformulations and commercial products available based on these bacteria are also highlighted. This review will better facilitate understandings of members of OGBa and their biotechnological applications.
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Elamary, Rokaia, and Wesam M. Salem. "Optimizing and purifying extracellular amylase from soil bacteria to inhibit clinical biofilm-forming bacteria." PeerJ 8 (November 2, 2020): e10288. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10288.

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Background Bacterial biofilms have become a major threat to human health. The objective of this study was to isolate amylase-producing bacteria from soil to determine the overall inhibition of certain pathogenic bacterial biofilms. Methods We used serial dilution and the streaking method to obtain a total of 75 positive amylase isolates. The starch-agar plate method was used to screen the amylolytic activities of these isolates, and we used morphological and biochemical methods to characterize the isolates. Optimal conditions for amylase production and purification using Sephadex G-200 and SDS-PAGE were monitored. We screened these isolates’ antagonistic activities and the purified amylase against pathogenic and multi-drug-resistant human bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Some standard antibiotics were controlled according to their degree of sensitivity. Finally, we used spectrophotometric methods to screen the antibiofilm 24 and 48 h after application of filtering and purifying enzymes in order to determine its efficacy at human pathogenic bacteria. Results The isolated Bacillus species were Bacillus megaterium (26.7%), Bacillus subtilis (16%), Bacillus cereus (13.3%), Bacillus thuringiesis (10.7%), Bacillus lentus (10.7%), Bacillus mycoides (5.3%), Bacillus alvei (5.3%), Bacillus polymyxa (4%), Bacillus circulans (4%), and Micrococcus roseus (4%). Interestingly, all isolates showed a high antagonism to target pathogens. B. alevi had the highest recorded activity (48 mm) and B. polymyxa had the lowest recorded activity (12 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli, respectively. On the other hand, we detected no antibacterial activity for purified amylase. The supernatant of the isolated amylase-producing bacteria and its purified amylase showed significant inhibition for biofilm: 93.7% and 78.8%, respectively. This suggests that supernatant and purified amylase may be effective for clinical and environmental biofilm control. Discussion Our results showed that soil bacterial isolates such as Bacillus sp. supernatant and its purified amylase are good antibiofilm tools that can inhibit multidrug-resistant former strains. They could be beneficial for pharmaceutical use. While purified amylase was effective as an antibiofilm, the isolated supernatant showed better results.
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Samsu Adi Rahman, Sukenda, Widanarni, Alimuddin, and Julie Ekasari. "Characterization of fermentation liquid from mangrove leaves Avicennia marina and its inhibitory potential for bacterium causing ice-ice disease." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 19, no. 1 (January 24, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.19.1.1-9.

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ABSTRACT Fermentation liquid from mangrove leaves Avicennia marina contains microorganisms, nutrients, and secondary metabolites. This study aimed to identify bacteria and the compounds in fermentation liquid of mangrove leaves A. marina and measured their inhibitory capacity against pathogenic bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia which causes ice-ice disease in seaweed. Molecular analysis which aimed the 16S rRNA gene showed that the bacteria in fermentation liquid consisted of eight types of Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis MSAR-01, Bacillus megaterium MSAR-02, Bacillus firmus MSAR-03, Bacillus thuringiensis MSAR-04, Bacillus subterranerus MSAR-05, Bacillus vietnamensis MSAR-06, Bacillus sp. MSAR-07, Bacillus circulans MSAR-08, with the best inhibitory power indicated by B. subtilis MSAR-01, B. vietnamensis MSAR-06, and Bacillus sp. MSAR-07. The administration of lactic acid, bacteriocin, total fermentation liquid, and supernatant as much as 15 mL produce inhibition to S. maltophilia indicated better result than using one or a combination of several types of bacterial isolates. The inhibition of single bacterial enriched fermentation and supernatant liquids was better than bacterial combination enrichment. Keywords: Avicennia marina, fermentation, ice-ice, mangrove
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Qodriyah, Nur Romadhona Lailatul, Eli Hendrik Sanjaya, Roswanira Abdul Wahab, and Evi Susanti. "Exploration The Candidates of Xenobiotic Degrading Indigenous Bacteria from Probolinggo City Landfill by Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)." Jurnal Kimia Valensi 9, no. 2 (December 28, 2023): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v9i2.34316.

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Soil bacteria from tropical environments play a significant role in resolving various environmental issues, including biodegradation. Exploratory research on biodiversity is crucial to develop and harness the potential of different types of soil bacteria that are highly abundant. The bacterial diversity in landfills is typically high due to the decomposition of organic and inorganic waste, creating a favorable medium for the growth and development of soil bacteria. This study aims to assess the candidates of xenobiotic degrading indigenous bacteria from the Probolinggo City landfill using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) method. The research stages include: 1) sampling, 2) isolation of genomic DNA from samples using the ZymoBIOMICS DNA MiniPrep Kit from Zymo Research, 3) amplification of isolated DNA with primers 16S 27F – 1429R, 4) sequencing the results of DNA amplification with NGS, 5) downstream analysis of the results using software Pavian Krona Tools, and 6) narrative analysis review to identify the candidates of xenobiotic degrading indigenous bacteria. The results show that soil samples from the Probolinggo City landfill exhibited a high diversity of bacterial communities. Based on NGS analysis, 2400 bacterial species were identified, comprising 56 genera, 17 orders, 4 classes, and 4 phyla, with respective abundances of Proteobacteria (70%), Firmicutes (15%), Planctomycetes (2%), and Cyanobacteria (0,3%). Based on the narrative analysis review, several bacteria in the Probolinggo City landfill exhibited potential as: 1) polypropylene-degrading bacteria, including Bacillus cereus, B. licheniformis and B. thuringiensis. 2) styrofoam degrading bacteria, namely Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus firmus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3) total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) reducing bacteria, including Bacillus megaterium. 4) pesticide degrading bacteria Profenofos and Chlorantraniliprole, including Bacillus stearothermophilus. and 5) tannic acid degrading bacteria, including Pantoea dispersa. These results indicate that the Probolinggo City landfill is a good habitat for various xenobiotic-degrading bacteria, then the isolation of specific bacteria can be designed using an appropriate selective medium.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

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Lampe, Karen Rippere. "Molecular Systematics of the Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus popilliae, Bacillus lentimorbus, and Bacillus sphaericus." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30717.

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Bacillus popilliae and B. lentimorbus, causative agents of milky disease in Japanese beetles and related scarab larvae, have been differentiated based upon a small number of phenotypic characteristics, but they have not previously been examined at the molecular level. Thirty-four isolates of these bacteria were examined for DNA similarity. Three distinct but related similarity groups were identified; the first contained strains of B. popilliae, the second contained strains of B. lentimorbus, and the third contained two strains distinct from but related to B. popilliae. Some strains received as B. popilliae were found to be most closely related to B. lentimorbus and some received as B. lentimorbus were found to be most closely related to B. popilliae." Geographically distinct strains of B. popilliae and B. lentimorbus were analyzed using RAPD. Eight decamer primers were tested against nineteen new and seventeen isolates previously described by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis (M. Tran). Of the new isolates, ten were found to be B. popilliae while nine isolates were more related to the B. lentimorbus species. Paraspore formation, believed to be a characteristic unique to B. popilliae, was found to occur among a subgroup of B. lentimorbus strains. Using a combination of two PCR primer pairs, the cry18Aa1 gene was detected in 31 of 35 B. popilliae isolates and in 1 of 18 B. lentimorbus isolates. When hemolymph smears were examined microscopically, a parasporal crystal was seen in three of the four B. popilliae strains where the PCR primers could not amplify the paraspore gene. The fourth strain was not tested due to the unavailability of infected hemolymph. A paraspore was also detected by microscopic examination in a subgroup of 14 B. lentimorbus strains. In combination, the primer pairs CryBp1 and CryBp2 are effective at detecting the paraspore gene in B. popilliae isolates, but not in the B. lentimorbus isolates. Growth in media supplemented with 2% NaCl was found to be less reliable in distinguishing the species than was vancomycin resistance, the latter present only in B. popilliae. The basis for vancomycin resistance in all isolates was investigated using a polymerase chain reaction assay designed to amplify the vanB gene in enterococci. An amplicon was identified and sequenced. The amplified portion of the putative ligase gene in B. popilliae had 77% and 68-69% nucleotide identity to the sequences of the vanA gene and the vanB genes, respectively. There was 75% and 69-70% identity between the deduced amino acid sequence of the putative ligase gene in B. popilliae and the deduced amino acid sequence of the vanA gene and the vanB genes, respectively. It has been determined that the vanE gene is located either on a plasmid greater than 16 kb in size or on the chromosome. The gene in B. popilliae may have had an ancestral gene in common with vancomycin resistance genes in enterococci. Bacillus sphaericus strains isolated on the basis of pathogenicity for mosquito larvae and strains isolated on the basis of a reaction with a B. sphaericus DNA homology group IIA 16S rRNA probe were analyzed for DNA similarity. All of the pathogens belonged to homology group IIA, but this group also contained nonpathogens. It appears inappropriate to designate this homology group a species based solely upon pathogenicity.
Ph. D.
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Contesini, Fabiano Jares. "Produção, caracterização e aplicação de proteases de Bacillus sp. = Production, characterization and application of proteases from Bacillus sp." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254357.

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Orientador: Hélia Harumi Sato
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Proteases bacterianas são enzimas de elevada importância comercial, amplamente aplicadas em diversas áreas como nas indústrias de detergentes, de alimentos, farmacêutica e têxtil. Este trabalho teve como principais objetivos selecionar entre 59 linhagens de Bacillus sp., da coleção de culturas do Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos da FEA, aquelas que apresentam potencial de maior produção de proteases com características tais como estabilidade em diferentes condições de temperatura, pH, detergentes e solventes orgânicos, atividade em ampla faixa de pH e capacidade de lisar células de Xanthomonas campestris. Em seguida, visou-se otimizar a produção de proteases pela linhagem selecionada, determinar as características bioquímicas da protease parcialmente purificada e estudar a aplicação do extrato enzimático bruto e preparação parcialmente purificada. Entre as cinquenta e nove linhagens de Bacillus sp. testadas foram selecionadas nove linhagens que produziram maior atividade de proteases. A produção de protease pelas nove linhagens foi testada em frascos agitados contendo o meio de cultura nº 1 (10g/L de caseína, 1g/L de extrato de levedura e sais), meio nº 2 (35 g/L de melaço de cana de açúcar, 20g/L de água de maceração de milho, 3g/L de extrato de levedura Prodex-Lac SD® e 20g/L de soro de queijo), e por fermentação em meio sólido nº 3 (farelo de trigo e água, na proporção 1:1, m:m). As linhagens de Bacillus sp. LBA 07, Bacillus sp. LBA 46 e Bacillus sp. LBA 08 fermentadas nos meios de cultura nº 1, nº 2 e nº 3 produziram 222 U/mL, 548 U/mL e 13480 U/grama de substrato seco (gss) respectivamente. As proteases dos extratos enzimáticos brutos obtidos das nove linhagens fermentadas nos três meios de cultura apresentaram atividade ótima na faixa de pH 7 a 9 e 60° C, estabilidade na faixa de pH 5 a 9 por 24h a 4º C , e após 1 h de tratamento a 50° C. Entre os extratos enzimáticos brutos de proteases testados, aqueles obtidas da fermentação de Bacillus sp. LBA 46 nos três meios de cultura foram as mais estáveis em detergente Ariel®. Quando incubadas em solventes orgânicos alguns extratos enzimáticos brutos proteases mantiveram mais de 60% de atividade residual após 24h em acetona (Bacillus sp. LBA 8 e 44), hexano (Bacillus sp. LBA 19, 29, 44, 46 e 60), clorofórmio (Bacillus sp. LBA 44 and 60) e etanol (Bacillus sp. LBA 60). Os extratos enzimáticos brutos de proteases obtidos do cultivo da linhagem de Bacillus sp. LBA 46 nos meios n° 2 e n° 3 foram as mais eficientes na lise de células de Xanthomonas campestris, aumentando cerca de 30% a transmitância a 620 nm (Trans 620nm) do meio fermentado de goma xantana. A linhagem de Bacillus sp. LBA 46 foi selecionada como melhor produtora de protease e estudos preliminares de identificação biomolecular indicam que se trata de uma linhagem de Bacillus licheniformis. Utilizando-se a linhagem de Bacillus sp LBA 46 e o meio de cultura otimizado (meio n° 4) por metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR), composto de 40g/L de melaço de cana de açúcar, 6g/L de água de maceração de milho, 2g/L de extrato de levedura Prodex-Lac SD® e 20g/L de soro de queijo, foi obtido 3000 U/mL de protease após 96h de fermentação a 30° C e 200 rpm. No estudo da aplicação da enzima para a remoção de manchas de tecidos de algodão foram obtidos melhores resultados de remoção de manchas de sangue e molho de tomate com carne moída, utilizando-se a combinação de extrato bruto de protease (100 ou 1000U) com o detergente Omo®. O extrato enzimático bruto da linhagem de Bacillus sp. LBA 46 foi parcialmente purificado por fracionamento com sulfato de amônio (80% de saturação), diálise e cromatografia de filtração em gel (Sephadex G100), resultando em fator de purificação de 3,69. Após caracterização com MSR observou-se que a protease da preparação parcialmente purificada apresentou atividade ótima a 55° C e pH 7,5 e considerável estabilidade (95% de atividade residual) na faixa de pH 5,7 ¿ 9,3 após 1h de incubação a 30 ¿ 36° C, e acima de 78,9% quando incubadas por 1h em pH 7,5 e 50° C. A condição ótima de lise das células de X. campestris do meio fermentado de goma xantana utilizando-se o extrato enzimático bruto de protease e a preparação parcialmente purificada de proteases, foi observada utilizando 42 U de protease /mL de suspensão celular de X. campestris a 60° C, resultando em aumento de mais de 20% da Trans 620nm do meio fermentado de goma xantana. Um aumento de quase 40% de Trans 600nm foi observado após 2h de reação utilizando extrato enzimático bruto de protease (42 U de protease/mL de suspensão celular de X. campestris) a 65° C. A produção de proteases de Bacillus sp. LBA 46 por fermentação em estado sólido foi otimizada utilizando MSR, sendo obtido 5000 U/grama de substrato seco utilizando-se meio de cultura composto de farelo de trigo e água (60%:40%) após 96h de fermentação a 30° C
Abstract: Proteases are commercially relevant enzymes widely applied in several industrial areas, such as in detergent, food, pharmaceutical and textile industries. Proteases from Bacillus sp. can present advantages compared to the proteases from other sources, including better thermostability, stability in pH range from slightly acid to alkaline pH values and stability in organic solvents. The aims of this work were selecting Bacillus sp. strains with capability of producing proteases with better biochemical properties, such as stability in different conditions of temperature, pH, detergents and organic solvents, activity in a wide range of pH and capability of lysing cells of Xanthomonas campestris. Afterwards, it was aimed the optimization of the production of proteases by the selected Bacillus sp. strain and the determination of the biochemical characteristics of the partially purified protease and the application of the crude and partially purified protease. Nine Bacillus sp. strains were selected as the best protease producers among fifty nine Bacillus sp. strains tested. The protease production by the nine strains was carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks containing medium no. 1 (10g /L of casein, 1g/L of yeast extract and salts), medium no. 2 (35 g/L of sugar cane molasses, 20g/L corn steep liquor, 3g/L of yeast extract Prodex-Lac SD® and 20g/L of dried whey), e by fermentation using solid substrate medium no. 3 (wheat bran and water, 1:1, m:m). The strains Bacillus sp. LBA 07, Bacillus sp. LBA 46 and Bacillus sp. LBA 08 when fermented in medium no. 1, no. 2 e no. 3 produced 222 U/mL, 545 U/mL and 13480 U/gram of dried substrate (gds) respectively. Proteases from the crude enzymatic extracts obtained from the fermentation of the nine Bacillus sp. strains in the three media showed optimal activity in pH range 7-9 and 60° C, stability in pH range 5-9 for 24 hours at 4° C and after 1h at 50° C. The protease preparations from the fermentation of Bacillus sp. LBA 46 in the three media were the most stable when incubated in detergent Ariel®, among the proteases tested from the Bacillus sp. strains. In addition, some proteases presented more than 60% residual activity after 24h in the organic solvents acetone (Bacillus sp. LBA 8 and 44), hexane (Bacillus sp. LBA 19, 29, 44, 46 and 60), chloroform (Bacillus sp. LBA 44 and 60) and ethanol (Bacillus sp. LBA 60). The protease preparations obtained from the cultivation of Bacillus sp. LBA 46 in medium no. 2 and no. 3 presented the best results on the lysis of Xanthomonas campestris cells, resulting in an increase of approximately 30% in transmittance at 620 nm (Trans 620nm) of the fermented broth of xanthan. Bacillus sp. LBA 46 strain was selected as the best protease producer and after preliminary biomolecular analysis of identification, the results indicate that this microorganism correspond to a Bacillus licheniformis strain. Protease preparation containing 3000 U/mL was obtained from Bacillus sp. LBA 46 cultivated in Erlenmeyer flasks containing medium no. 4 composed of 40g/L of sugar cane molasses, 6g/L of corn steep liquor, 2g/L of yeast extract Prodex-Lac SD® and 20 g/L of dried whey after 96h of fermentation at 30° C and 200 rpm, optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). In the the washing tests, the best results of the removal of blood and tomato sauce with ground beef stains from cotton fabrics were observed using the combination of crude extract of protease (100 or 1000U) with detergent Omo®. Crude protease extract of the Bacillus sp. LBA strain was partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation (80% saturation), dialysis and gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G100), resulting in the purification fold of 3.69. After characterization with RSM it was observed that the crude protease extract and partially purified proteases presented optimal activity at 55° C and pH 7.5 and considerable stability (95% of residual activity) in pH range 5.7 ¿ 9.3 after 1h incubation at 30-36° C and more than 78.9% when incubated at pH 7.5 and 50 °C for 1h. The optimal conditions of the lysis of X. campestris cells contained in the fermentation broth using crude and partially purified protease preparations were observed using 42 U of protease/mL of cell suspension of X. campestris at 60° C, resulting in a increase of more than 20% in Trans 620 nm of the fermented broth of xanthan. It was observed an increase of almost 40% in Trans 620 nm after 2h reaction using crude protease (42 U de protease/mL of cell suspension of X. campestris) at 65° C. The production of proteases by Bacillus sp. LBA 46 under solid state fermentation was optimized using RSM, resulting in 5000 U/gram of dry substrate utilizing wheat bran and water (6g:4g) after 96h of fermentation at 30° C
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Ciência de Alimentos
Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Reeves, Adam J. "Signaling and interaction of the Bacillus subtilis physical stress pathway regulators of sigma B : a dissertation /." San Antonio : UTHSC, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1390290691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=70986&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Johansson, Per. "Genetics of tetrapyrrole synthesis in gram-positive bacteria." Lund : Lund University, 1999. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68944808.html.

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Gumbo, Jabulani Ray. "Antagonism of Bacillus spp. towards Microcyctis aeruginosa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04102008-113241/.

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Thesis (PhD Microbiology and Plant Pathology(Water resource management))-University of Pretoria, 2006.
Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.
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Sebastião, Isis [UNESP]. "Toxicidade e interação de proteínas Cry1 de Bacillus thuringiensis em Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidóptera: Noctuidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123869.

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Estudos que visam a interação das proteínas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis, a fim de encontrar combinações adequadas para o desenvolvimento de plantas Bt são ferramentais fundamentais no controle de lepidópteros-praga. A lagarta H. armigera causa danos severos nas culturas agrícolas e sua introdução no Brasil levou a busca de formas de controle eficientes e nesse contexto B. thuringiensis pode ser um bom agente de controle. Diante do exposto o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a toxicidade das proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac e Cry1Ca de B. thuringiensis à H. armigera, assim como interação dessas proteínas aos receptores do mesêntero do inseto. A toxicidade foi estimada com bioensaios de dose resposta com as proteínas testadas e a interação das proteínas com os receptores foram verificadas em análise de união entre a proteína ativada e marcada com a vesícula da borda em escova da membrana apical das células do intestino (brush border mambrane vesicle- BBMV) do mesêntero larval de H. armigera, e ensaios de competição heteróloga. Dentre as proteínas testadas, a Cry1Ac destacou-se como a mais efetiva, seguida das proteínas Cry1Ab e Cry1Aa. A proteína Cry1Ca não apresentou toxicidade. As proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab e Cry1Ac se ligaram aos receptores da membrana do intestino médio das lagartas de H. armigera de forma especifica. Os ensaios de competição heteróloga revelaram que as proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac e Cry1Ab competem entre si pelo mesmo receptor
Studies attempting interaction of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins in order to find combinations for developing Bt plants are fundamental in controlling lepidopteran pests. H. armigera causes severe damage to agricultural crops and their introduction in Brazil has led the search for efficient control and B. thuringiensis may be a good control agent. The aim of this research was to evaluate the toxicity of Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac and Cry1Ca proteins from B. thuringiensis to H. armigera, as well as interaction of these proteins with the receptors present in insect midgut. Toxicity was estimated from the lethal concentration LC50 of the tested proteins and protein interactions with the receptors were found in a binding analysis between activated and biotinylated protein with the midgut brush border vesicle membrane (BBMV) of H. armigera, and heterologous competitive binding assays. Among the tested proteins, Cry1Ac protein was the most toxic, followed by the Cry1Ab and Cry1Aa proteins. The Cry1Ca protein showed no toxicity. The Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac proteins showed specific binding to the midgut membrane receptors of H. armigera caterpillars. Heterologous competitive binding assays revealed that Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac compete for a common receptor in the midgut larvae
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Sebastião, Isis. "Toxicidade e interação de proteínas Cry1 de Bacillus thuringiensis em Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidóptera: Noctuidae) /." Jaboticabal, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123869.

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Orientador: Manoel Victor Franco Lemos
Coorientador: Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk
Banca: Janete Apparecida Desidério
Banca: Camila Chiaradia Davolos
Resumo: Estudos que visam a interação das proteínas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis, a fim de encontrar combinações adequadas para o desenvolvimento de plantas Bt são ferramentais fundamentais no controle de lepidópteros-praga. A lagarta H. armigera causa danos severos nas culturas agrícolas e sua introdução no Brasil levou a busca de formas de controle eficientes e nesse contexto B. thuringiensis pode ser um bom agente de controle. Diante do exposto o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a toxicidade das proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac e Cry1Ca de B. thuringiensis à H. armigera, assim como interação dessas proteínas aos receptores do mesêntero do inseto. A toxicidade foi estimada com bioensaios de dose resposta com as proteínas testadas e a interação das proteínas com os receptores foram verificadas em análise de união entre a proteína ativada e marcada com a vesícula da "borda em escova" da membrana apical das células do intestino ("brush border mambrane vesicle"- BBMV) do mesêntero larval de H. armigera, e ensaios de competição heteróloga. Dentre as proteínas testadas, a Cry1Ac destacou-se como a mais efetiva, seguida das proteínas Cry1Ab e Cry1Aa. A proteína Cry1Ca não apresentou toxicidade. As proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab e Cry1Ac se ligaram aos receptores da membrana do intestino médio das lagartas de H. armigera de forma especifica. Os ensaios de competição heteróloga revelaram que as proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac e Cry1Ab competem entre si pelo mesmo receptor
Abstract: Studies attempting interaction of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins in order to find combinations for developing Bt plants are fundamental in controlling lepidopteran pests. H. armigera causes severe damage to agricultural crops and their introduction in Brazil has led the search for efficient control and B. thuringiensis may be a good control agent. The aim of this research was to evaluate the toxicity of Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac and Cry1Ca proteins from B. thuringiensis to H. armigera, as well as interaction of these proteins with the receptors present in insect midgut. Toxicity was estimated from the lethal concentration LC50 of the tested proteins and protein interactions with the receptors were found in a binding analysis between activated and biotinylated protein with the midgut brush border vesicle membrane (BBMV) of H. armigera, and heterologous competitive binding assays. Among the tested proteins, Cry1Ac protein was the most toxic, followed by the Cry1Ab and Cry1Aa proteins. The Cry1Ca protein showed no toxicity. The Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac proteins showed specific binding to the midgut membrane receptors of H. armigera caterpillars. Heterologous competitive binding assays revealed that Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac compete for a common receptor in the midgut larvae
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Coxon, Rosemary D. "Factors affecting protein export from Bacillus subtilis." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287424.

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Helfinstine, Shannon L. "The Detection and Control of Bacillus Endospores." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1176413118.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 21, 2007). Advisor: Christopher J. Woolverton. Keywords: Bacillus, spores, electron beam irradiation, anthrax, liquid crystals, detection. Includes bibliographical references.
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Kaji, Denise Akiko. "Taxonomia molecular de Bacillus entomopatogenicos." [s.n.], 1993. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255729.

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Orientador : Vanderlei Perez Canhos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Foi efetuado um estudo taxômico de 15 isolados entomopatogênicos de mostras de solos e insetos do Brasil com características de bactérias aeróbias, formadoras de endosporos e presença de cristal. Treze isolados acarretaram 100 % de mortalidade a larvas de Aedes fluviatilis em leituras observadas a 24 h. Os resultados dos testes de caracterização morfológica, bioquímica e fisiológica indicaram que 14 isolados pertencem a espécie Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) enquanto que o 15° foi determinado como Bacillus sphaericus (B.s.). Através dos perfis eletroforéticos de proteínas totais 11 B.t. isolados foram identificados como subespécie israelensis (sorotipo H-14, incluindo duas linhagens não sorotipadas), 1 como kurstaki (soro tipo H3a, 3b) e 1 como morT!isoni (sorotipo H8a, 8b). As linhagens de B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (B.t.i.) formaram um grupo homogêneo distinto das linhagens de referências tóxicas. a lepidópteros e coleópteros. O isolado identificado como B. sphaericus demonstrou alta similaridade com a linhagem 2362 através de testes de atividade larVicida; fagotipagem (fagotipo 3) e sorologia (H5). Os 11 isolados identificados como B.t.i. pela sorologia e/ou perfIS eletroforéticos de proteínas totais não apresentaram polimorflsmo quanto aos fragmentos de restrição, quando foram utilizadas sondas do gene 16S rRNA e do cristal de B.t.i.. A sonda do gene toxigêniro de B.t.i. demonstrou ser bastante específica para a subespécie israelensis, não apresentando hibridizaçóes Com outras subespécies. O gene do cristal de B.t.i. de referência IPS82 e isolados identificados como B.t.i. foram amplificados através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), digeridos com Sau3AI e separados por eletroforese. Os perfis de restrição destes fragmentos foram idênticos. Esses resultados indicam que os B.t.i. isolados no Brasil formam uni grupo. homogêneo e de organização genética bastante conservada. Outras 28 linhagens de referência representando 12 subespécies de B.t. com 9 sorotipos diferentes, 4 B. cereus e 4 B. anthracis foram incluídas na análise do perfil de hibridização com o gene 16S rRNA Os dados obtidos mostraram correspondência com os testes de sorologia (DE BARJAC & FRACHON, 1990) e a taxonomia numérica (PRIEST et ai., 1988)
Abstract: Fifteen bacterial isolates from Brazilian soil and insects with aerobic, endospores and crystal characteristics were taxonomically analysed. Thirteen strains were shown to be pathogenic to Aedes fluviatilis larvae causing 100 % mortality in 24 hours and two strains were non-pathogenic. The results of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests indicated that 14 strains belong B. thuringiensis (8.t.) while the remaining strain was identified as B. sphaericus. Electrophoresis ofwhole celI protein patterns helped in the identification of eleven isolates as israelensis (serotype H-14, including two non-serotypable strains), 1 as kurstaki (serotype H3a, 3b) and 1 as morrisoni (serotype H8a, 8b). Moreover, it was shown that alI B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (8.t.i.) strains. formed a homogenous group distinct from reference strains toxic for Lepidoptera or Coleoptera. The isolate identified as B. sphaericus presented high similarity with strain 2362 by larvicidal tests, phagotyping (group 3) and serotyping (H5). The is.olates identified as subspecies israelensis by serology and/or electrophoresis of whole cell proteins patterns showed the same patterns using restriction fragments length polymorphisms (RFLPs) analysis with the 16S rRNA and the crystal gene of B.t.i. as probes. The crystal gene of B.t.i. used as the probe was specific only to the subspecies israelensis. The crystal gene of B.t.i. reference (IPS82) and isolated strains of B.t.i. were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), digested with Sau3AI and electrophoresed in agarose gel. The restriction fragment patterns obtained were identical. It confirmed as stated above that the B.t.i. isolates used in this study are a highly homogenous group with a conserva tive. genetic organization. Furthermore, 28B.t. reference strains representing 12 subspecies (with 9 different serotypes), 4 B. cereus and 4. B. anthracis were compared with regard to their ribosomal RNA gene restriction patterns. The results obtained match the serological tests (DEBARJAC & FRACHON, 1990) and numerical taxonomy studies (PRIEST et al., 1988). The results in this study suggest that the techniques could be an altemative to serological tests
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Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Books on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

1

Colin, Harwood, ed. Bacillus. London: Plenum, 1989.

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Takami, Hideto. Genomic diversity of Bacillus-related species. New York: Nova Science, 2008.

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Graumann, Peter. Bacillus: Cellular and molecular biology. 2nd ed. Norfolk: Caister Academic Press, 2012.

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Schallehn, G. Beiträge zur Isolierung und Identifizierung von Clostridium sp. und Bacillus sp. sowie zum Nachweis deren Toxine. Bonn: Bundesamt für Zivilschutz, 1998.

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Glare, Travis R. Bacillus thuringiensis: Biology, ecology and safety. Chichester: Wiley, 2000.

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Bergman, Nicholas H. Bacillus anthracis and anthrax. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

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International Workshop on the Molecular Biology of Bacillus Cereus, Bacillus Anthracis, and Bacillus Thuringiensis (1st 1997 Oslo, Norway). First International Workshop on the Molecular Biology of Bacillus Cereus, Bacillus Anthracis, and Bacillus Thuringiensis. Copenhagen: National Institute of Occupational Health, 1997.

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Sonenshein, Abraham L., James A. Hoch, and Richard Losick, eds. Bacillus subtilis and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818388.

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Ezio, Ricca, Henriques Adriano O, and Cutting Simon M, eds. Bacterial spore formers: Probiotics and emerging applications. Wymondham: Horizon Bioscience, 2004.

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Middelkoop, Tsarina. Cloning and seqeucing of a thermophilic [alpha]-amylase. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

1

Mahillon, Jacques, and Didier Lereclus. "Electroporation of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus cereus." In Electrotransformation of Bacteria, 242–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04305-9_30.

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Priest, Fergus G. "Isolation and Identification of Aerobic Endospore-Forming Bacteria." In Bacillus, 27–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3502-1_3.

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Thorne, Curtis B. "Bacillus anthracis." In Bacillus subtilis and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria, 113–24. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818388.ch8.

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Heinrichs, David E., Andrea Rahn, Suzanne E. Dale, and Michael Tom Sebulsky. "Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Bacillus." In Iron Transport in Bacteria, 387–401. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816544.ch25.

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Abriouel, Hikmate, Nabil Benomar, Melanie Huch, Charles M. A. P. Franz, and Antonio Gálvez. "The genera Bacillus, Geobacillus and Halobacillus." In Lactic Acid Bacteria, 555–70. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118655252.ch31.

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Chapman, John S., and Bruce C. Carlton. "Conjugal Plasmid Transfer in Bacillus Thuringiensis." In Plasmids in Bacteria, 453–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2447-8_33.

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Paterson, Jamie, Martín López-García, Joseph Gillard, Thomas R. Laws, Grant Lythe, and Carmen Molina-París. "Analysis of Single Bacterium Dynamics in a Stochastic Model of Toxin-Producing Bacteria." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 210–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91825-5_13.

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AbstractWe stochastically model two bacterial populations which can produce toxins. We propose to analyse this biological system by following the dynamics of a single bacterium during its lifetime, as well as its progeny. We study the lifespan of a single bacterium, the number of divisions that this bacterium undergoes, and the number of toxin molecules that it produces during its lifetime. We also compute the mean number of bacteria in the genealogy of the original bacterium and the number of toxin molecules produced by its genealogy. We illustrate the applicability of our methods by considering the bacteria Bacillus anthracis and antibiotic treatment, making use of in vitro experimental data. We quantify, for the first time, bacterial toxin production by exploiting an in vitro assay for the A16R strain, and make use of the resulting parameterised model to illustrate our techniques.
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Arbige, M. V., B. A. Bulthuis, J. Schultz, and D. Crabb. "Fermentation of Bacillus." In Bacillus subtilis and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria, 869–95. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818388.ch60.

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Vehmaanperä, Jari. "Bacillus amyloliquefaciens — Production Host for Industrial Enzymes." In Electrotransformation of Bacteria, 119–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04305-9_14.

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Brigidi, Patrizia, Maddalena Rossi, and Diego Matteuzzi. "Transformation of Bacillus subtilis PB1424 by Electroporation." In Electrotransformation of Bacteria, 42–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04305-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

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Maltseva, S. V., A. S. Yakubovich, E. R. Gritskevitch, I. E. Buchenkov, and A. G. Sysa. "ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SOILS UNDER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION IN RELATION TO COLIMORPHOUS BACTERIA." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-299-302.

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This paper presents the results of studies of the antagonistic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus cereus) under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation in relation to bacteria of the E. coli group. It was found that bacteria of the genus Bacillus exhibit antagonistic activity of varying degrees of severity. It was found that the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus mycoides showed a high level of antagonistic activity. Low antagonistic activity was characteristic of Bacillus cereus bacteria.
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Rastimesina, Inna, Olga Postolachi, Valentina Josan, Alina Cotoman, and Vera Mamaliga. "Screening of low density polyethylene degrading microorganisms." In National Scientific Symposium With International Participation: Modern Biotechnologies – Solutions to the Challenges of the Contemporary World. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb21.003.

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Bacteria, actinobacteria, and micromycetes stored in the National Collection of NonPathogenic Microorganisms (CNMN) were assessed for the capacity to grow and degrade LDPE. There were tested 15 strains of bacteria from genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus, and 15 strains of micromycetes from genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. Among the studied bacterial strains, actinobacteria were more effective in LDPE degradation than bacilli and Pseudomonas spp. The members of genus Penicillium, in comparing with Aspergillus spp., degraded LDPE more actively.
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Tarakanov, R. I., P. A. Vasilyev, K. S. Troshin, and F. S. U. Dzhalilov. "Activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 against soybean bacterioses." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-187.

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the article presents data on the effectiveness of biological preparations based on bacteria of the genus Bacillus against pathogens of soybean bacteriosis. The results show high activity of the biofungicide based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 both in vitro and in the vegetative experiment against bacterial blight.
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Kumalasari, Yeni Indra, Agung Dian Kharisma, and Sri Yuwantiningsih. "Potential of Karimunjawa Island’s Plants as Antibiotic-Producing Endophytic Bacteria Sources." In The 2nd International Conference on Technology for Sustainable Development. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-kv25ou.

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Endophytic bacteria have a great potential to be applied as biofertilizers and biopesticides, but their information as a source of antibiotics still needs to be developed and explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential sources of antibiotics in endophytic bacteria isolated from the stems of Setigi, Wahong, Bongko, Kalimosodo, Dewandaru, and Legundi plants on Karimunjawa Island. Molecular approaches were performed to isolate, characterize, and identify bacterial endophytes as potential antibiotic sources by plate assay and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Dewandaru isolate was identified as gram-negative bacteria, whereas; gram-positive bacteria were detected in other isolates. Moreover, Setigi and Dewandaru isolates showed the highest level to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp and displayed 99% similarity with antibiotic-producing bacteria, namely Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus, respectively. These results indicate the possibility of antibiotic activities by Setigi and Dewandaru isolated. Therefore, it is assumed that both Setigi and Dewandaru isolates potentially appeared as new antibiotics sources from local plants. This study provides novel insight into the future production of novel antibiotics derived from plant-associated endophytic bacterial as a strategy for increasing the application of natural compounds to control plant diseases in agriculture.
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Savira, Mutia Gina, Ujang Ruslan, Keryanti Keryanti, and Luthfi Muhammad Mauludin. "Compressive strength of bacterial-based concrete materials using Bacillus megaterium bacteria." In THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NATURAL SCIENCES, MATHEMATICS, APPLICATIONS, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY (ICON-SMART2022): Mathematical Physics and Biotechnology for Education, Energy Efficiency, and Marine Industries. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0201794.

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Maksimov, I. V., E. A. Cherepanova, A. V. Sorokan, G. F. Burkhanova, and R. M. Khayrullin. "Endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp. as effective phytoimmunizers." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-275.

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Pavithra, S., and G. Jayalalitha. "Analysis of Bacillus Thuringiensis Bacteria Applying Multifractals." In 2024 Ninth International Conference on Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (ICONSTEM). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconstem60960.2024.10568727.

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Bogdan-Golubi, Nina, and Valerina Slanina. "The viability of bacillus, pseudomonas and lactic acid bacteria strains after 15 years of storage." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.14.

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The National Collection of Nonpathogenic Microorganisms (NCNM) contains bacterial species like Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., which are known for their antimicrobial activity, plant stimulation effects, and exometabolites that can be used for plant protection. Some can be used for the insect and plant disease controls. The Collection also contains the lactic acid bacteria isolated from naturally fermented homemade dairy foods, that can be used for obtaining sour cream, fresh cheese, yoghurt, soy milk, brined cheese. These bacteria permit to create a better taste, flavor and texture of the fermented foods, and to ensure manufacturing dairy products enriched with beneficial microorganisms, with an extended shelf-life and enhanced food safety of food products (due to the production of the lactic acid as an antimicrobial substance). Cell viability during storage is of a great importance for the cultures used in the food and/or agriculture industries. Freeze-drying (lyophilization) provides a higher cell viability and is used for the longterm preservation. Depending on the resistance to the freeze-drying process there are three groups or bacteria: the resistant, the moderately resistant and the sensitive ones. According to this classification, bacteria from the Pseudomonas and Bacillus genus have been either resistant or moderately resistant to the lyophilization process. For the NCNM just like for any other similar collection conservation and long-term storage of valuable microbial strains (fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes, bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae) is of a special importance. The aim of the research was to check the viability and stability of the pure strains of Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and lactic acid bacteria strains a 15-year storage in the NCNM. Lactic acid bacteria included Lactococcus sp. and Streptococcus thermophilus. The number of viable cells was determined as the colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml), and the survival rate was calculated as CFU/ml after freeze-drying divided by CFU/ml before freeze-drying. The Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. strains were found to be viable and their titer ranged from 6,8 to 7,6 log10UFCml-1 and from 7,9 to 8,1 log10UFCml-1 respectively. It is known that the Pseudomonas and Bacillus bacteria can be stored for over 30 years in freeze-dried form with no changes in the high level cell viability at 6-7 log10UFCml-1. Lactic acid bacteria strains after 15 years of storage in freeze-dried form had a survival rate of 80% with the titer ranged from 6,2 to 8,3 log10UFCml-1. According to other studies the minimal viability of different species of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium, Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Salmonella, Bacillus after freeze-drying could reach 70%. Thus, the number of viable cells remaining in the tested ampoules was sufficient to maintain the culture. Microscopic examination confirmed the purity of the cultures. Bacillus sp. Was represented by rodshaped Gram-positive cells, and Pseudomonas sp - by Gram-negative. Lactic acid bacteria were present as cocci in short or long chains. All their strains were able to cause active milk coagulation, producing dense consistence, without gas eruption, and, therefore, respected the technological requirements for the lactic acid bacteria species. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of freeze-drying for the tested strains
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Tsvetkov, V. O., L. G. Yarullina, G. F. Burkhanova, and A. V. Sorokan. "Effect of Bacillus bacteria on activity of pathogen-induced proteins in potato plants and increasing their resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.256.

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We studied the effect of the Bacillus bacteria on the content and activity of defensive compounds in potato plants upon infection with late blight pathogen. Bacterial treatment had a stimulating effect on the concentration of H2O2 and transcriptional activity of hydrolase inhibitor genes.
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Abdoli, Leila, Yi Liu, Xiaoyan He, and Hua Li. "Bacillus sp.–Triggered Biocorrosion of Arc Sprayed Aluminum Coatings in Artificial Seawater." In ITSC2018, edited by F. Azarmi, K. Balani, H. Li, T. Eden, K. Shinoda, T. Hussain, F. L. Toma, Y. C. Lau, and J. Veilleux. ASM International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2018p0716.

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Abstract Thermal sprayed marine coatings in the marine environment usually encounter chloride-induced corrosion and microbiologically induced corrosion. Formation of microbial biofilm is crucial for subsequent attachment of large fouler and understanding the initiation and growth of the biofilm is essential for possibly controlling the occurring of biofouling. This paper reports the formation of Bacillus sp. bacterial biofilm on arc sprayed aluminum coatings and its effect on the corrosion behaviors of the coatings. Results show fast and pronounced attachment and colonization of the bacteria on aluminum coatings. The bacterial biofilm was systematically examined by CLSM, FESEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical assessment revealed that the aluminum coating immersed in the bacteria-containing media showed higher corrosion resistance than the sterile samples. A model was proposed to explain how the microorganisms and their metabolic by-products protect the coatings against penetration of corrosive media. The results would give insight into design and fabrication of thermal sprayed coatings for enhanced anti-biocorrosion performances in the marine environment.
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Reports on the topic "Bacillus (bacteria)"

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Welker, N. E. Genetics of thermophilic bacteria. [Bacillus stearothermophilus:a2]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6057022.

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Calabrese, Andrea, Pitiporn Asvapathanagul, Nisarg N. Patel, Nanubala Dhruvan, Austin Adams, Michael Hernandez, and Douglas S. Lopez-Cruz. Experimental Investigation of the Self-Healing Potential of Bacteria for Sustainable Concrete Structures Phase 2. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2331.

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Concrete is a critical component of so much of the modern construction industry. This material, well known for its versatility, robustness, longevity, and strength, is well-suited for a wide range of structural applications. Nonetheless, the widespread occurrence of cracks in concrete structures, primarily attributed to its limited tensile strength, shrinkage, and overstain, imposes a considerable economic and environmental challenge when it comes to retrofitting these fissures. This study tackles this problem by harnessing bacteria tolerant to high alkaline conditions to enable Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) for the self-repair of concrete. This is achieved through an external application method, wherein bacteria are manually and externally applied to the cracks of the concrete surface. This report presents the results of testing three different bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Sporosarcina pasteurii) to retrofit laboratory-manufactured cracks. The self-repaired groups underwent compressive load-to-failure testing and were compared to a control group (With Crack), revealing a notable increase in compressive strength ranging from 8.59% to 21.61%. The outcomes of the compressive strength tests illustrate the viability of implementing this technique for retrofitting concrete structures, showcasing its environmentally friendly nature and its ability to significantly enhance structural durability. This, in turn, has the potential to impact existing and future developments that incorporate concrete.
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Tarabukina, N. P. PROSPECTS FOR USING PROBIOTICS FROM STRAINS BACILLUS SUBTILIS BACTERIA IN AGRICULTURE, MEDICINE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Yakut State Agricultural Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-6042744-2-2-274-275.

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Kloepper, Joseph W., and Ilan Chet. Endophytic Bacteria of Cotton and Sweet Corn for Providing Growth Promotion and Biological Disease Control. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613039.bard.

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Endophytes were isolated from 16.7% of surface-disinfested seeds and 100% of stems and roots of field-growth plants. Strains from Israel with broad-spectrum in vitro antibiosis were mainly Bacillus spp., and some were chitinolytic. Following dipping of cut cotton roots into suspensions of these strains, endophytes were detected up to 72 days later by isolation and by autoradiograms of 14C-labelled bacteria. Selected endophytes exhibited biological control potential based on significant reductions in disease severity on cotton inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum as well as control of Sclerotium rolfsii on bean. Neither salicylic acid nor chitinase levels increased in plants as a result of endophytic colonization, suggesting that the observed biocontrol was not accounted for by PR protein production. Some biocontrol endophytes secreted chitinolytic enzymes. Model endophytic strains inoculated into cotton stems via stem injection showed only limited movement within the stem. When introduced into stems at low concentrations, endophytes increased in population density at the injection site. After examining several experimental and semi-practical inoculation systems, seed treatment was selected as an efficient way to reintroduce most endophytes into plants.
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Belkin, Shimshon, Sylvia Daunert, and Mona Wells. Whole-Cell Biosensor Panel for Agricultural Endocrine Disruptors. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696542.bard.

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Objectives: The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Background: Chemical agents, such as pesticides applied at inappropriate levels, may compromise water quality or contaminate soils and hence threaten human populations. In recent years, two classes of compounds have been increasingly implicated as emerging risks in agriculturally-related pollution: endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals. The latter group may reach the environment by the use of wastewater effluents, whereas many pesticides have been implicated as EDCs. Both groups pose a threat in proportion to their bioavailability, since that which is biounavailable or can be rendered so is a priori not a threat; bioavailability, in turn, is mediated by complex matrices such as soils. Genetically engineered biosensor bacteria hold great promise for sensing bioavailability because the sensor is a live soil- and water-compatible organism with biological response dynamics, and because its response can be genetically “tailored” to report on general toxicity, on bioavailability, and on the presence of specific classes of toxicants. In the present project we have developed a bacterial-based sensor panel incorporating multiple strains of genetically engineered biosensors for the purpose of detecting different types of biological effects. The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Major achievements: (a) construction of innovative bacterial sensor strains for accurate and sensitive detection of agriculturally-relevant pollutants, with a focus on endocrine disrupting compounds (UK and HUJ) and antibiotics (HUJ); (b) optimization of methods for long-term preservation of the reporter bacteria, either by direct deposition on solid surfaces (HUJ) or by the construction of spore-forming Bacillus-based sensors (UK); (c) partial development of a computerized algorithm for the analysis of sensor panel responses. Implications: The sensor panel developed in the course of the project was shown to be applicable for the detection of a broad range of antibiotics and EDCs. Following a suitable development phase, the panel will be ready for testing in an agricultural environment, as an innovative tool for assessing the environmental impacts of EDCs and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, while the current study relates directly to issues of water quality and soil health, its implications are much broader, with potential uses is risk-based assessment related to the clinical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries as well as to homeland security.
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Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar, and Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.

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Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.
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Scriabin, M. P. FACILITY FROM NATURAL STRAINS OF BACTERIUS BACILLUS SUBTILIS FOR PRODUCING A FERRO-MILK FODDER PRODUCT. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-6042744-2-2-269-270.

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Skriabina, M. P., A. M. Stepanova, S. I. Parnikova, and N. A. Oboeva. Probiotic fermented milk product based on bacterial strains Bacillus subtillis from secondary raw milk for young cattle cattle. СФНЦА РАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-6041597-2018-202-203.

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Bayat, N. Mn Oxide Biogenesis and Metal Sequestration in the Presence of Co (II) and Cu (II) By Bacillus SG-1 Bacterial Spores. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826724.

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Biocontrol of Bacterial Fruit Blotch Disease by the Combination of Bacillus velezensis Strain EN01 and Edible Asteraceae Plant Extract. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56669/lalq5306.

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