Academic literature on the topic 'Baby Bonus'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Baby Bonus.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Costa, Caroline M., and Mark Wenitong. "Could the Baby Bonus be a bonus for babies?" Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 5 (March 2009): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02383.x.
Full text
2
Drago, Robert, Katina Sawyer, Karina M. Shreffler, Diana Warren, and Mark Wooden. "Did Australia’s Baby Bonus Increase Fertility Intentions and Births?" Population Research and Policy Review 30, no. 3 (October 20, 2010): 381–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11113-010-9193-y.
Full text
3
Malak, Natalie, Md Mahbubur Rahman, and Terry A. Yip. "Baby bonus, anyone? Examining heterogeneous responses to a pro-natalist policy." Journal of Population Economics 32, no. 4 (March 15, 2019): 1205–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-019-00731-y.
Full text
4
Garrett, Cameryn C., Louise Keogh, Belinda Hewitt, Danielle C. Newton, and Anne M. Kavanagh. "Young Mothers’ Experiences of Receiving the Baby Bonus: A Qualitative Study." Australian Social Work 70, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0312407x.2015.1128453.
Full text
5
SINCLAIR, SARAH, JONATHAN BOYMAL, and ASHTON DE SILVA. "A Re-Appraisal of the Fertility Response to the Australian Baby Bonus." Economic Record 88 (June 2012): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4932.2012.00805.x.
Full text
6
Cover, Rob. "Biopolitics and the Baby Bonus: Australia's national identity, fertility, and global overpopulation." Continuum 25, no. 3 (June 2011): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2010.533750.
Full text
7
Lee, Yujin, Sangheon Kim, and Na Young Kim. "An empirical analysis of the relationship between baby bonus and fertility rates." Korean Public Administration Review 54, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 173–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18333/kpar.54.4.173.
Full text
8
Einarsdóttir, Kristjana, Amanda Langridge, Geoffrey Hammond, Anthony S. Gunnell, Fatima A. Haggar, and Fiona J. Stanley. "The Australian Baby Bonus Maternity Payment and Birth Characteristics in Western Australia." PLoS ONE 7, no. 11 (November 7, 2012): e48885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048885.
Full text
9
LAIN, Samantha J., Christine L. ROBERTS, Camille H. RAYNES-GREENOW, and Jonathan MORRIS. "The impact of the baby bonus on maternity services in New South Wales." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 50, no. 1 (February 2010): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.2009.01126.x.
Full text
10
Brunner, Beatrice, and Andreas Kuhn. "Announcement effects of health policy reforms: evidence from the abolition of Austria’s baby bonus." European Journal of Health Economics 15, no. 4 (May 4, 2013): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10198-013-0481-4.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Wyndham, Diana Hardwick. "Striving for National Fitness: Eugenics in Australia 1910s to 1930s." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/402.
Full textAbstract:
Eugenics movements developed early this century in more than 20 countries, including Australia. However, for many years the vast literature on eugenics focused almost exclusively on the history of eugenics in Britain and America. While some aspects of eugenics in Australia are now being documented, the history of this movement largely remained to be written. Australians experienced both fears and hopes at the time of Federation in 1901. Some feared that the white population was declining and degenerating but they also hoped to create a new utopian society which would outstrip the achievements, and avoid the poverty and industrial unrest, of Britain and America. Some responded to these mixed emotions by combining notions of efficiency and progress with eugenic ideas about maximising the growth of a white population and filling the "empty spaces". It was hoped that by taking these actions Australia would avoid "racial suicide" or Asian invasion and would improve national fitness, thus avoiding "racial decay" and starting to create a "paradise of physical perfection". This thesis considers the impact of eugenics in Australia by examining three related propositions: 1. that from the 1910s to the 1930s, eugenic ideas in Australia were readily accepted because of concerns about declining birth rate; 2. that, while mainly derivative, Australian eugenics had several distinctive Australian qualities; 3. that eugenics has a legacy in many disciplines, particularly family planning and public health. This examination of Australian eugenics is primarily from the perspective of the people, publications and organisations which contributed to this movement in the first half of this century. In addition to a consideration of their achievements, reference is also made to the influence which eugenic ideas had in such diverse fields as education, immigration, law, literature, politics, psychology and science.
2
Wyndham, Diana Hardwick. "Striving for National Fitness: Eugenics in Australia 1910s to 1930s." University of Sydney, History, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/402.
Full textAbstract:
Eugenics movements developed early this century in more than 20 countries, including Australia. However, for many years the vast literature on eugenics focused almost exclusively on the history of eugenics in Britain and America. While some aspects of eugenics in Australia are now being documented, the history of this movement largely remained to be written. Australians experienced both fears and hopes at the time of Federation in 1901. Some feared that the white population was declining and degenerating but they also hoped to create a new utopian society which would outstrip the achievements, and avoid the poverty and industrial unrest, of Britain and America. Some responded to these mixed emotions by combining notions of efficiency and progress with eugenic ideas about maximising the growth of a white population and filling the "empty spaces". It was hoped that by taking these actions Australia would avoid "racial suicide" or Asian invasion and would improve national fitness, thus avoiding "racial decay" and starting to create a "paradise of physical perfection". This thesis considers the impact of eugenics in Australia by examining three related propositions: 1. that from the 1910s to the 1930s, eugenic ideas in Australia were readily accepted because of concerns about declining birth rate; 2. that, while mainly derivative, Australian eugenics had several distinctive Australian qualities; 3. that eugenics has a legacy in many disciplines, particularly family planning and public health. This examination of Australian eugenics is primarily from the perspective of the people, publications and organisations which contributed to this movement in the first half of this century. In addition to a consideration of their achievements, reference is also made to the influence which eugenic ideas had in such diverse fields as education, immigration, law, literature, politics, psychology and science.
3
Sipe, Ann M. "Evaluation of Opercular Bones for Aging Eight Species of Chesapeake Bay Fishes." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617781.
Full text
4
Georgiou, Jonathan. "Exploring the benefits of attracting, recruiting and retaining mature age employees up to and beyond the traditional age of retirement: Perspectives from Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1632.
Full textAbstract:
There has been a recent upsurge in media attention surrounding Australia’s ageing workforce. A review of academic, media and grey literature highlighted inadequacies in existing workplace polices, as well as flaws in financial and social security schemes. Of particular concern were persistent negative attitudes and counterproductive policies regarding mature age employees (MAEs). Poor retention rates among this cohort of workers aged 45 years and over are leading to skilled labour shortages and losses in corporate knowledge. This expected mass exodus of mature cohorts into retirement has been predicted to negatively impact the socio-economic sustainability of ageing societies world-wide and is a pertinent issue for Western Australia (WA).
The overarching objective of this study was to identify the ‘place’ of mature cohorts within WA workplaces and promote strategies that will improve the employment conditions and overall quality of life of ageing workforces. Research questions aimed to address the need for greater mature age employment up to and beyond pensionable age; identify ‘gaps’ in policies and programmes; and explore how mature cohorts were perceived (valued) and the extent their departure may affect WA society (labour force).
By using a mixed methods research design, this Doctoral dissertation developed a conceptual framework for limiting significant issues individuals, businesses and society may experience as a result of WA’s ageing workforce; whilst simultaneously promoting the benefits of maturity and mature age employment. This Re-Model draws upon the community development work principles of social justice, empowerment and social capital; and is further contextualised by methods of best practice identified from the triangulation of secondary sources, quantitative data and qualitative inquiry. Primary data collection involved the completion of 362 surveys, followed by 27 semistructured interviews and four focus group activities, with a cross section of MAEs, volunteers, their employers, retirees and unemployed cohorts from across WA.
Over one-third of current MAEs, employers and volunteers in this study reported they intended working later than the traditional age of retirement, with 71 per cent of this sample planning to semi-retire. Furthermore, almost 60 per cent of a sample that had previously exited the labour force was working at the time of data collection as semi-retirees or rehired retirees (rehirees). Collectively, these statistics indicated that despite predictions of mass disengagement among mature cohorts, most of this crosssection of Western Australians are seeking to remain in (or re-enter) the WA workforce beyond pensionable age. However, quantitative and qualitative findings revealed several barriers to their continued engagement, including access to ‘age-friendly’ workplaces; a dearth of targeted training (career) development and employment assistance; and a lack of value attributed to mature age skills and experience, particularly deleterious in WA’s youth-centric culture.
Primary data also highlighted several enabling factors for mature age employment. ‘Flexibility’ and ‘autonomy of choice’ were cited as key dimensions across all aspects of paid work, volunteering and retirement – whether in terms of worklife- balance; the individuation of training and development; or options available to those transitioning out of traditional employment. Data indicated that sustainable cultural change required more than just the removal of negative policies or introduction of punitive legislation. Maintaining a positive outlook among mature age individuals and simultaneously educating (younger) co-workers, employers, policy-makers (stakeholders) and society about the virtues of maturity and non-traditional work (skills) were considered essential to changing societal attitudes, behaviour and culture.
5
Wolf, Aaron B. "Determining Whether Spectrophotometer CIE L*a*b* Color Analysis is an Effective Alternative to Munsell Soil Color Charts for the Study of Burnt Bones: Insights From Analysis of Bab edh-Dhra EB II-III Burnt Bones." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1305140303.
Full text
6
Yu, Chih-Yi, and 尤智儀. "The Effects of county/city Baby Bonus policy on Fertility Intentions." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85186741488430655539.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立陽明大學
衛生福利研究所
104
Background and objectives: Fertility rates have declined in most countries during these years, and Taiwan has confronted a crisis of lowest-low fertility. These conditions haveimpacts on workforce, educational institutions and social welfare systems. As a result, the related government authorities proposed some appropriate policies to response the trend, such as Maternity Payment, Child-care subsidy and Labor-Insurance Maternity Pay. Because each county implemented a cash payment for newborn babies (baby bonus) to encourage fertility based on its financial situation and policy agenda, not all counties implemented a cash payment for newborn babies, and the implementing time and payment are different between counties. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess whether the implementation of the baby bonus payment in each county can effectively improve their fertility intentions, and further examine whether the effects different by household income, wife age, and parity. Methods: The study used the data from Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) in 2005-2011, which is the quasi-experimental design, pre-post with non-randomized control, and the analysis unit is each household. We further excluded the single and the person aged 43 or older. The intervention plan is the baby bonus implemented by counties during 2006-2010 and we assigned the sample as treatment group and control group by whether implementing the baby bonus or not. Using the difference-in-differences (DID) methods to compare the differences of fertility intentions between counties implementing the baby bonus or not. The Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) model was used to control for the auto-correlation among repeated measures as well as other covariates. Analyses was carried out by SAS9.3. Results: The results indicated that after controlling for wife age, household income, parity, husband age, husband education, wife education, wife employment status and fertility pressure, the effects of the baby bonus on fertility intentions were not statistically significant after implementing the policy. Conclusions and Recommendations: The impact of cash benefits on fertility intentions is not significant, and the cost of the policy is high. The institutional settings may be more conducive than cash payment for improving fertility intentions. Therefore, it is suggested that the authorities concerned can create a friendly family environment to give birth.
7
Kuo, Tzu-Yun, and 郭慈允. "One-time Baby Bonus and Fertility: Evidence from County Level Data in Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/652amv.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
產業經濟學系碩士班
106
The low fertility rate has become a common phenomenon in many countries around the world. In recent years, Taiwan has been one of the countries with the lowest fertility rate. To increase fertility, both central and local governments have adopted many fertility policies. One of the pro-natal policy which has been carried out by the local governments is the one-time baby bonus. Whether the allowance can effectively stimulate fertility is an empirical question, which is worth studying. In this thesis, I examine the effect of the baby bonus on fertility rate. First, I collect the information of the implementation of the one-time baby bonus from 22 counties in Taiwan in 1990-2010. Using the data from the Ministry of the Interior and the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics of the Manpower Survey and the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure, I apply Difference-in-Difference method to analyze the effects of the baby bonus policies on total fertility rate in 1990-2006 and 2007-2010, respectively. The comparison group is the counties that do not have the baby bonus policy in 1990-2010 while the treatment group is the counties that have the baby bonus in 1990-2010. The results show that the baby bonus is effective in stimulating fertility. Specifically, compared to the counties who do not offer the bonus, those who have offered the bonus has more total fertility rate in 1990-2006 and 2004-2010. The effect is about 0.06 to 0.1. In addition, the results suggest that the effect of the policy is not linear. According to the DID estimates, if the policy effect is linear, the amount of allowance has to be increased to 70,000 to 90,000 to induce a woman to have additional child birth. The amount is equivalent to the current childbirth subsidy policy in Taoyuan city. However, checking the total fertility rate after the implementation of the policy in Taoyuan city, I do not find the supportive evidence that the policy effect is linear. As a result, in addition to the allowance, other pro-natal policies are needed to effectively increase the fertility rate.
8
LEE, LO-EN, and 李羅恩. "The effects of baby bonus on fertility: An Examination ofthe increase of Labor Insurance maternity benefits." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2wnby3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
經濟學研究所
107
On May 30, 2014, Taiwan’s Labor Insurance Act was amended to increase maternity benefits from 1 month to 2 months, therefore a social quasi-experiment was formed. This paper uses data from the 2012 - 2013 and 2016 - 2017 Survey of Family Income and Expenditure to investigate the effect of baby bonus on fertility by using differences-in-differences estimation. The results show baby bonus in Taiwan does not have any effects on fertility. To avoid possible estimation biases, we use 5 fake experiments to investigate both treatment and control group’s fertility behavior from 1999 to 2011, and to find out that both groups do have a common trend of the dependent variable used in this paper. Therefore, our analyses show that baby bonus does not have any effects on fertility and the results should be reliable. Compared to the other literature on the study of baby bonus, this paper is the first to use a social quasi-experiment and DID estimation to estimate the effects of baby bonus and provide another perspective.
9
Anderson, Marilyn June. "Investigating the Australian lump-sum Baby Bonus and the reach of its pronatalist messages with young women in Far North Queensland." Thesis, 2011. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/15991/1/01front.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Pronatalism is a state-level ideology promoting birth increase that governments of developed and some developing nations have adopted in the interests of future economic stability and age balance. In 2004, the former Federal Treasurer of Australia provided a clear and simple pronatalist message for population growth to correct the ageing skew: ‘have one for mum, one for dad, and one for the country’. Social policy matched this message also in a clear and simple way. The creation of a non-discriminatory, generous lump-sum Baby Bonus paid to the birth (or adoptive) mother became a congruent financial endorsement of the tandem message to ‘procreate and cherish’, a coinage that resonated with the older warning, ‘populate or perish’. An increase in birth numbers after 2004 suggests that such messages have spoken to the national psyche, at least in the short term. Sustained population growth, however, is achieved when as many women as possible have the all-important third child. The younger a woman commences childbearing, the more likely it is, by widening her fertility window, that she will go on to have ‘one for the country’.
Messages in the public arena have emphasised the age limitation of the female fertility window. Concerns about the ageing population that translated into pronatalist social policy have fused with the medical discourse of the risk of delaying conception. Such messages based on the probabilities of pregnancy being twice as high for women aged 15-26 as for women aged 35-39 convert to a risk narrative that constructs female fertility as a personal resource ebbing with age. This is not a new message, but one newly emphasised in the pronatalist state, exaggerated by the assisted reproduction industry maximising market share. The theoretical proposition calls on an idiosyncratic combination of rational choice and risk aversion theories to complement the conceptual proposition: the rational choice for women whose life script includes having children may be to avert the risk of age-related infertility by attempting to conceive naturally sooner in the life course than has been the 40-year norm.
Indications about changing norms surrounding the entry age into motherhood may be discernible in a young female population, a conceptual proposition that formed the basis of the research of the thesis. The Amber Light Project, the identity of the mixed methods research created to complement the thesis, was conducted in the Cairns Local Government Area of Far North Queensland between October 2007 and June 2008. Participants were 13-16 year-old young women (n=230), all Australian residents and 95 per cent non-Indigenous, who completed a questionnaire in a public school setting. Key subjects from the questionnaire formed the basis for 17 semi-structured focus group discussions. The study explored participants’ attitudes toward age for first-time motherhood, fertility and the Baby Bonus. One finding was that participants projected their first births occurring between 25 and 29 or, secondarily, between 20 and 24, but not later than 30 or earlier than 20. In other words, the two extremes of teen and delayed motherhood were mostly rejected by this group of young women. If a single year could be nominated for first-time motherhood aspiration for these young women, it would be the year they turn 25. This is three years younger than the 2006 national mean maternal age at first birth. Twenty per cent of questionnaire respondents expressed fears that they may not be able to become pregnant, and over two-thirds of the discussion group participants contributed views about factors that could compromise a woman’s fertility. The strong, symbolic, procreative message of the lump-sum Baby Bonus may have reached this age group. Over half knew how much the lump-sum Baby Bonus was, and all focus group participants held strong views about this payment.
Participants‘ responses add substantial new information about young women forming their fertility futures under the influences of pronatalism and the procreative message of the lump-sum Baby Bonus that no other research has so far explored. Findings are not generalisable to the total population. However, this thesis proposes the possibility that younger motherhood may be evolving in pronatalist Australia away from the delayed motherhood trend of the past 40 years. This study contributes to the literature on motherhood in Australia and international fertility theory, providing a sociological examination of a chapter in Australia’s population history: the life of the lump-sum Baby Bonus and its roles.
10
Reynard, Jerome Peter. "The unidentified long bone fragments from the middle stone age Still Bay layers at Blombos Cave, Southern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11398.
Full textAbstract:
M.Sc., Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011The aim of this investigation was to explore the relationship between the unidentified and identified fauna from the Still Bay period at Blombos Cave between ca. 77 and 72 ka. The size, breakage patterns and surface modifications of unidentified long bone fragments from the M1 and upper M2 phases were analysed. The results of the analyses were then compared to a sample of faunal remains identified by Klein (Henshilwood et al. 2001b) and Thompson (2008) from the Still Bay layers at Blombos Cave. The length of each fragment was measured to ascertain the degree of fragmentation of the assemblage. Long bone fragments generally become slightly shorter with increasing depth. This may be because smaller fauna are relatively more prevalent in the deeper layers. Cortical thickness of the bone fragments was measured and grouped into small, medium and large categories. These categories were correlated to Brain‟s (1974a) bovid size classes to investigate whether the unidentified faunal remains mimic the identified bone sample in terms of animal size. While small-sized fauna dominate the identified archaeofaunal assemblages at Blombos Cave, the cortical thickness of unidentified long bone fragments suggest that medium-sized fauna was more common. The breakage pattern of each fragment was assessed, indicating that the majority of specimens exhibited spiral fractures. Burning is more common in the unidentified faunal sample than in the identified sample and may have resulted in the relatively low frequencies of cut-marked and percussion-marked fragments. Polished bone fragments may also be a consequence of burning, abrasion or compaction, though its prevalence in the upper M2 with formal bone tools suggests that it was the result of human activities. Higher bone fragment densities in the upper layers at Blombos Cave suggests that changes in human occupation and faunal density patterns during the Still Bay at Blombos Cave may relate to environmental conditions.
Books on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Simpson, Maggie. Baby Bonus. Toronto: Harlequin Books, 1993.
Find full text
2
Kramer, Amanda. Baby bonus. New York: Silhouette Books, 1996.
Find full text
3
Hingle, Metsy. Baby Bonus. Harlequin Mills & Boon, Limited, 2014.
Find full text
4
Hingle, Metsy. Baby Bonus. Harlequin Enterprises, Limited, 2011.
Find full text
5
Hingle, Metsy. Baby Bonus. Harlequin Enterprises ULC, 2014.
Find full text
6
The Baby Bonus. Thorndike Press, 2005.
Find full text
7
Christmas Baby Bonus. Harlequin Enterprises, Limited, 2017.
Find full text
8
Altom, Laura Marie. His Baby Bonus. Harlequin, 2006.
Find full text
9
Altom, Laura Marie. His Baby Bonus. Harlequin Enterprises ULC, 2014.
Find full text
10
Altom, Laura Marie. His Baby Bonus. Harlequin Mills & Boon, Limited, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Mittal, Leena P. "Disorders of Attachment." In Postpartum Mental Health Disorders: A Casebook, 81–88. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190849955.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter on disorders of attachment addresses the causes and consequences of impaired attachment between mothers and their fetuses or infants. Mothers’ feelings of attachments for their babies generally begins during pregnancy, grows with quickening, and continues after the delivery. Women who have an unwanted pregnancy or who suffer from anxiety, depression, or a psychotic disorder during pregnancy may feel detached from the developing fetus. Postpartum, it is important to assess for these disorders as well as a painful, traumatic delivery, as they may continue to interfere with attachment. Generally, treatment of the underlying disorder allows the woman to begin bonding with the baby. This chapter describes how to recognize and manage factors that may be interfering with attachment. Working with the mother and the baby can assist in building bonds.
2
Boeri, Miriam. "The Life Course of Baby Boomers." In Hurt. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520293465.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Life course theory focuses attention on the impact of history, timing, and important transitions in life trajectories. In this chapter, the life course analysis of boomer drug users reveals that drug trajectories were not developmental. Instead, they were discontinuous, interrupted phases dependent on social context and situations that changed over time. The chapter provides a closer inspection of the turning points into and out of drug use phases to better understand the causes of problematic drug use and what resources are needed to control it. In contrast to law enforcement and treatment professionals, who view problematic drug use as a lack of self-control, research finds that informal social control mechanisms are more important for maintaining or regaining control over drug use. Life course theory predicts that missing critical transitions in life, such as graduating from high school, leads to fewer informal social controls. The stories in this chapter reveal the negative impact of juvenile incarceration, which did not help anyone become drug free, but instead plunged youths into a criminal culture and broke their social bonds to mainstream social networks and access to informal social control mechanisms.
3
"17. Statistics: Babe Ruth and Barry Bonds." In Beautiful, Simple, Exact, Crazy, 325–40. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300216424-019.
Full text
4
Arkun, Remide. "Syphilis." In Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 2, edited by Mihra S. Taljanovic and Tyson S. Chadaz, 133–35. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190938178.003.0093.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 93 reviews musculoskeletal manifestations of syphilis, which is an infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum and is acquired by sexual intercourse or transmitted vertically from mother to baby. In early congenital syphilis, radiographic findings include periostitis, metaphysitis, and diaphyseal osteomyelitis. In late congenital syphilis, osteomyelitis and periostitis are seen in long tubular and flat bones and the cranium. In the tibia, a typical saber shin deformity with anterior bending of the bone is seen. Acquired syphilis, seen in adults, is divided into primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary stages. Musculoskeletal manifestations are seen in latent and tertiary stages as periostitis and gummatous or nongummatous inflammation.
5
Scarry, John F. "A Preliminary Stylistic Assessment of the Ceramic Imagery of the Late Prehistoric Peoples of Choctawhatchee Bay, Florida, and Its Implications." In New Methods and Theories for Analyzing Mississippian Imagery, 91–108. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683402121.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Preliminary examination of iconography on ceramic vessels from Choctawhatchee Bay, Florida, suggests that the people of the region were culturally distinct. Furthermore, it suggests that they were only indirectly influenced by Mississippian peoples of the interior. Several features serve to distinguish Choctawhatchee Bay iconography from that of surrounding regions. First, vessels were often decorated with multiple registers of repetitive images. Second, we have not seen imagery convincingly connected to the Siouan mythos of Evening Star and the Hero Twins. Finally, much of the imagery appears to be linked to death—e.g., stylized skulls, hands, and long bones.
6
Taber, Douglass F. "Selective Functionalization of C–H Bonds." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0019.
Full textAbstract:
Jianhui Huang and Kang Zhao of Tianjin University devised (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 1211) a protocol for the oxidation of a terminal alkene 1 to the valuable four-carbon synthon 2. M. Christina White of the University of Illinois effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 7831) the oxidation of the terminal alkene 3 to the enone 4. Miquel Costas of the Universitat de Girona developed (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 1421; Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 1908) a family of Fe catalysts for the oxidation of methylenes to ketones. Depending on the catalyst, any of the three ketones from the oxidation of 5, including 6, could be made the dominant product. Yumei Xiao and Zhaohai Qin of China Agricultural University optimized (Synthesis 2013, 45, 615) the Co-catalyzed oxidation of the methyl group of 7 to give the aldehyde 8. Thanh Binh Nguyen of CNRS Gif-sur-Yvette established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 118) a protocol (not illustrated) for the oxidation of methyl groups on heteroaromatics. Shunsuke Chiba of Nanyang Technological University cyclized (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 212, 3214) the amidine 9 to 10, and the hydrazone 11 to 12. These cyclizations proceeded by sequential C–H abstraction followed by recombination, and so were racemizing. In contrast, the conversion of 13 to 14, developed (Science 2013, 340, 591) by Theodore A. Betley of Harvard University, proceeded with substantial retention of absolute configuration. Tsutomu Katsuki of Kyushu University designed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 1739) a Ru catalyst that was selective for the allylic position of the E-alkene 15 to give 16. Amination was highly regioselective, and proceeded with excellent ee. Ilhyong Ryu of Osaka Prefecture University and Maurizio Fagnoni of the University of Pavia reported (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 2554) the direct carbonylation of 17 to the amide 18. David W. C. MacMillan of Princeton University devised (Science 2013, 339, 1593) a protocol for the β- arylation of an aldehyde 19 to give 20. Directed palladation of distal C–H bonds continues to be developed. Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu of the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research effected (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 3238) diastereoselective arylation of the cyclopropane 21 with 22 to give 23.
7
Levy, Sharon. "Revolution." In The Marsh Builders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246402.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
The fight over the Humboldt Bay Wastewater Authority (HBWA) project had turned bitter and personal. HBWA’s attorney, John Stokes, and most of its board members had lobbied hard against Arcata’s alternative treatment plan. Dan Hauser, usually diplomatic, seethed with resentment. “HBWA has set itself up as the enemy,” he wrote in a September 1977 opinion piece in the Arcata Union. “Therefore, we have no alternative but to defend ourselves by attacking HBWA . . . We must stop this $52 million boondoggle.” Hauser, still Arcata’s representative on the HBWA board, pledged to work toward the “total redesign or total destruction” of the regional sewage system. Other members of HBWA were growing panicky. The Committee for a Sewer Referendum’s lawsuit kept the board from issuing bonds to finance construction, while inflation caused the project’s already huge price tag to balloon. Concealing the move from Hauser, the board applied for a $5.9 million loan from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Arcata, at Mayor Hauser’s suggestion, promptly sued HBWA for seeking the loan without the city’s consent. Meanwhile, Hauser organized an appeal for Arcata’s wetland treatment system before the State Water Resources Control Board. The city mustered support from representatives of the US Fish and Wildlife Service and Audubon Society, along with academic experts on Humboldt Bay oysters and low-tech sewage treatment. Wade Rose, the shaggy upstart from the governor’s Office of Appropriate Technology, would speak. After Stokes cross-examined Rose at the regional board hearing, “it became a crusade for the entire Office of Appropriate Technology,” Hauser explains. “They singled out HBWA as the ultimate in obsolete technology and concrete overkill.” When the Arcata contingent arrived at the state board hearing in Sacramento, one of the board members, brandishing a newspaper clipping in his hand, called Hauser forward. The clipping was a story from the Arcata Union, quoting Hauser saying that the marsh project would not get a fair hearing. “He asked why I was there if I believed they were already biased against me,” Hauser remembers. “I told him we have to go through this process to get to the next step.”
8
"Romance after the Ruin: Looking for Love in the Era of the “Post” in Toni Morrison’s Tar Baby, Jesmyn Ward’s Salvage the Bones, and Beyonce’s Lemonade." In The Postapocalyptic Black Female Imagination. Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350124530.ch-5.
Full text
9
Willetts, David. "Robbins and After." In A University Education. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767268.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
The early 1960s saw the biggest transformation of English higher education of the past hundred years. It is only matched by the break-up of the Oxbridge monopoly and the early Victorian reforms. It will be forever associated with the name of Lionel Robbins, whose great report came out in November 1963: he is for universities what Beveridge is for social security. His report exuded such authority and was associated with such a surge in the number of universities and of students that Robbins has given his name to key decisions which had already been taken even before he put pen to paper. In the 1950s Britain’s twenty-five universities received their funding from fees, endowments (invested in Government bonds which had largely lost their value because of inflation since the First World War), and ‘deficit funding’ from the University Grants Committee, which was a polite name for subsidies covering their losses. The UGC had been established in 1919 and was the responsibility not of the Education Department but the Treasury, which was proud to fund these great national institutions directly. Like museums and art galleries, higher education was rarefied cultural preservation for a small elite. Public spending on higher education was less than the subsidy for the price of eggs. By 1962 there were 118,000 full-time university students together with 55,000 in teacher training and 43,000 in further education colleges. This total of 216,000 full-time higher education students broadly matches the number of academics now. Young men did not go off to university—they were conscripted into the army. The annual university intake of around 50,000 young people a year was substantially less than the 150,000 a year doing National Service. The last conscript left the army in the year Robbins was published. Reversing the balance between those two very different routes to adulthood was to change Britain. It is one of the many profound differences between the baby boomers and the generation that came before them. Just over half of students were ‘county scholars’ receiving scholarships for fees and living costs from their own local authority on terms decided by each council.
10
Copeland, Jack, and Jason Long. "Computer music." In The Turing Guide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747826.003.0032.
Full textAbstract:
One of Turing’s contributions to the digital age that has largely been overlooked is his groundbreaking work on transforming the computer into a musical instrument. It is an urban myth of the music world that the first computer-generated musical notes were heard in 1957, at the Bell Laboratories in the United States. In fact, computer-generated notes were heard in Turing’s Computing Machine Laboratory at Manchester University about nine years previously. This chapter establishes Turing’s pioneering role in the history of computer music. We also describe how Christopher Strachey, later Oxford University’s first professor of computing, used and extended Turing’s note-playing subroutines so as to create some of the earliest computer-generated melodies. A few weeks after Baby ran its first program (see Chapter 20) Turing accepted a job at Manchester University. He improved on Baby’s bare-bones facilities, designing an input–output system based on wartime cryptographic equipment (see Chapter 6). His tape reader, which used the same teleprinter tape that ran through Colossus, converted the patterns of holes punched across the tape into electrical pulses and fed these to the computer. The reader incorporated a row of light-sensitive cells that read the holes in the moving tape—the same technology that Colossus had used. As the months passed, a large-scale computer took shape in the Manchester Computing Machine Laboratory. Turing called it the ‘Manchester Electronic Computer Mark I’ (Fig. 23.1). A broad division of labour developed that saw Kilburn and Williams working on the hardware and Turing on the software. Williams concentrated his efforts on developing a new form of supplementary memory, a rotating magnetic drum, while Kilburn took the leading role in developing the other hardware. Turing designed the Mark I’s programming system, and went on to write the world’s first programming manual. The Mark I was operational in April 1949, although additional development continued as the year progressed. Ferranti, a Manchester engineering firm, contracted to build a marketable version of the computer, and the basic designs for the new machine were handed over to Ferranti in July 1949. The very first Ferranti computer was installed in Turing’s Computing Machine Laboratory in February 1951 (Fig. 23.2), a few weeks before the earliest American-built marketable computer, the UNIVAC I, became available.
Conference papers on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Moelmann, Connor, Phillip Davis, Josh Getz, Alex Pham, David Wobith, Albert Shih, and Dick Sarns. "A Walker With Integrated Toilet Seat and Stroller Capabilities for the Disabled." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14763.
Full textAbstract:
With the baby boomers reaching retirement, we anticipate a large increase in demand of health care products for the elderly. As people age, bones become fragile and balance becomes impaired, which puts older people at increased danger with longer recovery times. Dick Sarns, the sponsor of this project and co-founder and CEO of NuStep, a rehabilitation equipment manufacturer, wanted to create a walker for his wife, Norma Sarns, who suffers from multiple sclerosis.
2
Hampton, Carolyn E., and Michael Kleinberger. "Computational Human Torso Model Validation for Frontal Blunt Trauma." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88382.
Full textAbstract:
Recent research on behind-armor blunt trauma (BABT) has focused on the personal protection offered by lightweight armor. A finite element analysis was performed to improve the biofidelity of the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) human torso model to prepare for simulating blunt chest impacts and BABT. The overly stiff linear elastic material models for the torso were replaced with material characterizations drawn from current literature. FE torso biofidelity was determined by comparing peak force, force-compression, peak compression, and energy absorption data with cadaver responses to a 23.5 kg pendulum impacting at the sternum at 6.7 m/s. Nonlinear foam, viscous foam, soft rubbers, fibrous hyperelastic rubbers, and low moduli elastic material were considered as material models for the flesh, organs, and bones. Simulations modifying one tissue type revealed that the flesh characterization was most crucial for predicting compression and force, followed closely by the organs characterizations. Combining multiple tissue modifications allowed the FE torso to mimic the cadaveric torsos by reducing peak force and increasing chest compression and energy absorption. Limitations imposed by the Lagrangian finite element approach are discussed with potential workarounds described. Proposed future work is split between considering additional impact scenarios accounting for position and biomaterial variability.
Reports on the topic "Baby Bonus"
1
Haider, Huma. Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.004.
Full textAbstract:
This review examines evidence on the key design features and impact of programmes that use Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) or baby bonds to reduce female infanticide, child marriage and promote girl’s education. Conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes have been adopted to promote the survival and well-being of girls. They provide parents with financial incentives to raise daughters; to delay marrying them until age 18, and to reduce the gender imbalance in school. Given that many CCT programmes aimed at addressing girl children are relatively new, it has in many cases been too early to evaluate their effectiveness. There is thus limited evidence of the impact of their implementation and outcomes. This helpdesk report focuses on recent studies, published in the past five years, on select programmes implemented in South Asia, particularly in India, for which there is the most available information. Evidence suggests that CCT programmes aimed at supporting the girl child have succeeded in promoting school enrolment and delaying marriage in South Asia. It is less clear, however, the extent to which these transfers have affected gender-biased sex selection.