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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'B C -4 B C Drama'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Nie, Yong. "Functionalized nido-C 4 B 2, closo-C 2 B 5 and -C 2 B 10 carboranes, and reactivity studies on electron-poor 2,3-Dihydro-1,3-diborolyl complexes of ruthenium." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11729954.

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2

Alencar, Gladston Torres de Mesquita. "Efeitos da adição de carbonetos na resistência ao desgaste e à corrosão de uma liga auto-fluxante depositada por aspersão térmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18150/tde-13012011-160328/.

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Neste trabalho, visando-se melhorar o desempenho ao desgaste e/ou à corrosão de revestimentos de ligas auto-fluxantes, amostras de aço SAE 1020 foram revestidas pelo processo de aspersão térmica, sendo que uma delas foi revestida apenas com uma liga auto-fluxante a base de níquel (\'NI\"CR\"B\"SI\"C\') e outras duas, às quais aplicou-se essa liga com adições de carboneto de boro ou carboneto de silício. As camadas foram caracterizadas por meio de ensaios micrográficos ópticos e eletrônicos, microdurezas, corrosão e de microdesgaste. A camada adicionada com carboneto de boro apresentou o maior nível de dureza e melhor desempenho ao desgaste, seguida pela camada com carboneto de silício e a liga auto-fluxante pura. As amostras adicionadas de carboneto de boro e silício apresentaram comportamentos similares à corrosão, com potenciais de corrosão superiores ao da amostra sem adição.
In this work, aiming to improve the wear and/or corrosion performance of self-fluxing alloys coatings, samples SAE 1020 steel were coated by thermal spray process, one of then was coated only with a self-fluxing nickel-based (\'NI\"CR\"B\"SI\"C\') alloy and two others, in which was applied this alloy with additions of boron carbide or silicon carbide. The coatings were characterized by means of optical and electronic micrography, microhardness, corrosion and microwear tests. The coating added with boron carbide showed the highest level of hardness and the better wear performance, followed by the coating with silicon carbide and the pure self-fluxing alloy. The samples added with boron or silicon carbide showed similar corrosion performance, with higher corrosion potential in comparison to that presented by the sample without addition.
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3

Hammond, Robert Paul. "The structural chemistry of the stuffed tridymites A[BPO¦4] (A = Na, Ag; B= Be, Co, Zn) and A[BCO¦4] (A = Na, K; B= Al, Fe; C = Si, Ge)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0024/NQ30144.pdf.

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4

Mesbah, Wahid. "Kristallstruktur eines aromatischen Tetraboran(4)-Dianions, ein nichtklassisches Triboracyclobutan und ein Borylboratiren mit sehr starker C-B-Hyperkonjugation." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2003/0710/.

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5

AZZI, LYAMINE. "Regulation du cycle cellulaire : interaction entre p9#c#k#s#h#s#2 et p34#c#d#c#2. caracterisation de la p15#c#d#k#-#b#p, une nouvelle proteine interagissant avec p34#c#d#k#4 et p33#c#d#k#5." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10063.

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Le cycle cellulaire est constitue de deux phases majeures, la phase s (replication de l'adn) et la phase m (division cellulaire). Celles-ci sont separees par deux periodes gap(g1 and g2). Le cycle cellulaire est hautement regule par les kinases cycline-dependantes (les cdk). La transition g2/m est declenchee par un facteur universel, le mpf m-phase promoting factor, identifie comme un complexe constitue d'au moins deux sous-unites, la p34#c#d#c#2 et la cycline b#c#d#c#1#3. L'entree de la cellule en phase m est caracterisee par une activation de la kinase cdc2 suite a une dephosphorylation sur les residus thr14 et tyr15. Cette dephosphorylation est catalysee par la phosphatase cdc25. Parmi les proteines regulant la formation et l'activation du complexe p34#c#d#c#2/cycline b, la p13#s#u#c#1/p9#c#k#s#h#s semble jouer un role fondamental. La p9#c#k#s#h#s interagit avec la p34#c#d#c#2 a travers deux sites cooperatifs conduisants a la formation d'un complexe p9#c#k#s#h#s/p34#c#d#c#2 tres stable. In vitro, la p9#c#k#s#h#s peut s'assembler en une structure hexamerique impliquant une possible oligomerisation de la p34#c#d#c#2 in vivo. Nous avons purifie une proteine de 15 kda, la p15#c#d#k#-#b#p, qui interagit fortement avec les kinases cdk4/cycline d (impliquee en g1) et cdk5/p25 (preferentiellement exprimee dans les tissus nerveux). La p15cdk-bp retient une kinase active envers les proteines chromosomales hmg i/y et p1 et la mbp myelin basic protein. Immobilisee sur des billes de sepharose, la p15#c#d#k#-#b#p peut constituer un outil important pour etudier la regulation du cycle cellulaire ainsi que la fonction et la pathologie du cerveau
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6

Fonblanc, Diane. "Nouvelles céramiques de confinement de plasmas à base de BN issues de précurseurs organométalliques : application aux moteurs à effet Hall." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0076.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer une nouvelle génération de matériaux céramiques de confinement plasma pour les moteurs à effet Hall en mettant en oeuvre la voie PDCs pour polymer-derived ceramics ou voie des polymères précéramiques.Un état de l’art des différents matériaux de confinement et un bilan des travaux précédemment menés sur ce sujet ont permis de déterminer les paramètres essentiels de tels matériaux et de s’orienter vers l’utilisation des polymères précéramiques commeprécurseurs des matériaux envisagés. Après avoir détaillé les différents protocoles permettant de modifier chimiquement un polymère commercial avec le bore, de mettre en forme les composés obtenus puis de réaliser la pyrolyse pour générer la céramique, des pièces denses céramiques Si-B-(C)-N ont été réalisées avec une teneur variable en bore. Une étude complète allant de la structure chimique des polymères jusqu’aux propriétés des céramiques résultantes a permis de sélectionner la formulation optimale du polymère comme précurseur de céramique. Des composites c-BN/Si-B-(C)-N ont ensuite été préparés parajout de charges, puis mis en forme et caractérisés avant de procéder à un changement d’échelle visant à préparer des bagues céramiques de taille moteur. La dernière partie consiste en une ouverture sur l’utilisation des polymères précéramiques pour la réalisation de pièces denses Si-Al-(C)-N de composition contrôlée avec en particulier une étude sur l’impact de l’aluminium sur les propriétés des polymères et des céramiques
The main objective is here to develop a new generation of ceramic materials used for plasma confinement in Hall-effect thrusters using the PDCs (polymer-derived ceramics) route. A state of the art of the different confinement materials and a review of the previous work done on this topic allowed to determine the key parameters of such materials and to move towards the use of preceramic polymers as precursors of the materials envisaged. After having detailed the various protocols used to chemically modify a commercial polymer with boron, to shape the compounds obtained and then to convert the polymers into ceramics bypyrolysis, Si-B-(C)-N dense ceramic pieces have been produced with various boron content. A complete study from the chemical structure of the polymers to the properties of the resulting ceramics allowed selecting the optimal formulation of the polymer as a ceramic precursor. c-BN/Si-B-(C)-N composites were then prepared by filler addition, then shaped and characterized before a scale-up to prepare engine-size ceramic rings. The last part consists of an opening on the use of the PDCs route for the realization of dense Si-Al-(C)-N pieces of controlled composition, with a study of the impact of aluminum on the polymers andceramics properties
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7

Coêlho, Harnôldo Colares. "Presença dos vírus HBV e HCV e seus fatores de riscos nos presidiários masculinos da penitenciária de Ribeirão Preto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-15052008-140503/.

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Infecções pelos vírus da hepatite B (HBV) e vírus da hepatite C (HCV) na população prisional apresentam prevalências bastante elevadas, alcançando taxas, algumas vezes, de mais de 40%. Contribuem para isso diversos comportamentos de risco, adotados já antes do encarceramento ou desenvolvidos durante o período de reclusão. Entre eles, destacam-se o uso de drogas ilícitas intravenosas com compartilhamento de agulhas, tatuagens e atividade sexual desprotegida. Esta pesquisa objetivou estimar a prevalência dos marcadores do HBV e HCV com seus respectivos fatores de risco para estas exposições na população masculina carcerária da Penitenciária de Ribeirão Preto - SP, no período de maio a agosto de 2003. Do total de 1030 presidiários, foram sorteados 333 participantes por amostragem casual simples, os quais foram submetidos à aplicação de um questionário padronizado e tiveram coletada uma amostra de sangue. Para diagnóstico do HBV e HCV foi utilizado o ensaio imunoenzimático para detecção do HBsAG, anti-HBc total, anti-HBs e anti-HCV. A confirmação deste foi feita através de reação de polimerase em cadeia (HCV RNA). As prevalências encontradas para HBV e HCV nos presidiários foram de 19,5%% (IC 95% : 15,2 - 23,8) e 8,7% (IC 95% : 5,7 - 11,7), respectivamente . Todas as variáveis que apresentaram \"p\" abaixo de 0,25, através de análise univariada, foram submetidas a um modelo multivariado de regressão logística. Nesta análise, as variáveis que se mostraram preditoras de forma independente da infecção pelo HBV foram: idade acima de 30 anos e passado de droga injetável. Já para o HCV, as variáveis foram idade acima de 30 anos, história prévia de hepatite, tatuagem, passado de droga injetável e passado de compartilhamento de agulhas.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in correctional settings have quite high prevalences, reaching rates of up to 40%. Several risk behaviors, adopted before or during the imprisonment, accounts for that. Among them, the use of intravenous illicit drugs, sharing of needles, tattoos and unprotect sexual activity are the most important. This survey aimed to estimate the prevalence of HBV and HCV serological marker and risk factors for these infections in men inmates at the Penitentiary of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil, between May and August 2003. Out of 1030 inmates, a simple random sample of 333 participants was chosen. The participants were interviewed in a standardized questionnaire and provided blood for serological tests. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for diagnosis of HBV and HCV infection (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV). Polymerase chain reaction (HCV RNA) was used to confirm HCV infection. The overall prevalence for HBV and HCV markers in inmates was 19,5% (CI 95%: 15,2 - 23,8) and 8,7% (CI 95%: 5,7 - 11,7), respectively. The variables that displayed p<0,25, through univariate analysis, were assessed by a logistic regression multivariate model. At the level of 5%, HBV infection was associated with age > 30 years and previous injecting drug use. For HCV infection, age > 30 years, previous injecting drug use, previous sharing of needles, tattoos and previous hepatitis.
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8

Pouillon, Valérie. "Etude des effets de l'inactivation des isoformes B et C de l'enzyme INS(1,4,5)Pp3s 3-kinase chez la souris ;Rôle de l'INS(1,4,5)Pp3s3-kinase B dans le développement des lymphocytes T." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211197.

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L’Ins(1,4,5)P3 joue un rôle évident dans la signalisation cellulaire :il permet la libération du Ca 2+ des stocks intracellulaires par son action au niveau de récepteurs spécifiques. Pour mettre fin à son action, l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 peut être dégradé par une Ins(1,4,5)P3 5-phosphatase en Ins(1,4)P2, un métabolite inactif. L’Ins(1,4,5)P3 peut aussi être transformé en Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 par une Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase. L’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 semble posséder des capacités de signalisation propres ou au contraire liées à celles de l’Ins(1,4,5)P3.

L’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 est aussi le point de départ de toute une série d’inositol hautement phosphorylés, dont les rôles ne sont pas clairs. Trois isoformes de l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase existent (A, B et C). Ces isoformes possèdent un domaine catalytique carboxy-terminal bien conservé. Par contre, les domaines amino-terminaux sont spécifiques et leur permettraient d’établir des interactions ou de subir des régulations propres. Pour tenter d’élucider le rôle fonctionnel de l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4, nous avons généré et analysé des souris déficientes pour les isoformes B et C de cette enzyme.

Les souris déficientes pour l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase C ne présentent pas de phénotype évident, ce qui suggère que son rôle n’est pas crucial ou que son absence peut être compensée par une autre enzyme.

Les souris déficientes pour l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase B, par contre, présentent une immunodéficience caractérisée par une absence spécifique des lymphocytes T αβ périphériques. Cette absence fait suite à un blocage dans la différenciation du précurseur du lymphocyte, le thymocyte. Les caractéristiques de la signalisation induite par le récepteur de surface (TCR) permettent la sélection des thymocytes, de manière à constituer un pool de lymphocytes T restreints pour le MHC et tolérants pour le soi. Nous avons montré que ces phénomènes de sélection étaient défectueux dans les thymocytes mutants, du fait de leur hyporéactivité à la stimulation par le TCR. Le mécanisme responsable de cette hyporéactivité n’est pas encore élucidé. A première vue, la mobilisation de Ca 2+ ne semble pas altérée dans ces thymocytes mutants en réponse à des stimulations classiques. Cependant, d’autres types de stimulation, se rapprochant plus de celles réellement rencontrées par le thymocyte in vivo, doivent encore être investigués. L’intégrité d’autres voies de signalisation cruciales du lymphocyte T doit aussi être vérifiée.

En conclusion, l’isoforme B de l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase et l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 qu’il produit jouent un rôle crucial dans la différenciation du thymocyte, par un mécanisme qui reste encore à déterminer.
Doctorat en sciences biomédicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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9

Hansmannel, Franck. "Régulation de l'expression du gène de la thiolase B peroxysomale de rat : activation par les proliférateurs de peroxysomes, interférence avec le récepteur HNF-4, répression par les stérols." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS018.

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La 3-cétoacyl-CoA thiolase peroxysomale catalyse la dernière étape de la b-oxydation des acides gras dans le peroxysome. Son expression est régulée au niveau transcriptionnel par le récepteur nucléaire PPARa et des hypolipémiants appelés proliférateurs de peroxysomes. Cette régulation nécessite la présence dans le promoteur des gènes cibles d'un élément de réponse spécifique appelés PPRE. Chez le rat, il existe 2 isoformes de la thiolase, codées par 2 gènes différents (rTA et rTB). Seul rTB est inductible. Aucun PPRE fonctionnel n'a été localisé dans son promoteur. Aucune autre voie de régulation de l'expression du gène rTB n'a été étudiée. Nous avons identifié 2 PPRE fonctionnels, PPRE4 et PPRE2, dans l'intron 3 du gène rTB, qui coopèrent pour l'activation de l'expression génique. HNF-4 interfère avec PPARa au niveau de ces 2 PPRE. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence l'existence d'une répression de l'expression du gène rTB par les stérols
The peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase catalyses the last step of the fatty acids breakdown in the peroxysome. Its expression is controlled at the transcriptional level by the nuclear receptor PPARa and hypolipidemic compounds called peroxisome proliferators. This regulation needs specific peroxisome proliferators responsive element (PPRE) in the promotor of the targeted genes. In rat 2 different genes (rTA et rTB) encode 2 isoforms of the peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase and only the rTB gene is inducible. No functional PPRE were found in the promotor of this gene. Peroxisome proliferators activation pathway is the only one never studied. We identified 2 functional PPRE in the sequence of the intron 3 of the rTB gene, which cooperate to mediate the PPARa effect. HNF-4 modulates the effect of PPARa and of peroxisome proliferators through those 2 PPRE. Finally, we established the evidence of a repression of the rTB by sterols
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10

Dewaste, Valérie. "Clonage moléculaire de iisoformes B et C de l'inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate 3-kinase et influence de leur surexpression sur la réponse calcique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211401.

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11

Huang, Xuesong. "The study on signal mechanism of protein kinase C zeta-involved NF-kB activation in LPS-stimulated TLR4 signaling pathways." Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1193663177.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2007.
"In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomedical Sciences." Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 72-96.
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12

Piccoli, Jacqueline da Costa Escobar. "Estudo associativo entre três polimorfismos (-786T>C, 894G>T e VNTR INTRON 4 a/b) no gene que sintetiza para óxido nítrico sintase endotelial e síndrome coronariana aguda." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1361.

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Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) is an important factor for the regulation of vascular tonus and it was suggested to be involved in many events of the atherogenic process. The endothelial rupture of coronary plaque can represent the pathomorphological substratum of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The polymorphisms in the gene that code the eNOS (NOS3) -786T>C (in the promoter region), 894G>T (exon 7) and intron 4 a/b VNTR, can be associated with a higher susceptibility to ACS. The present study investigated the interaction of these polymorphisms (allelic frequencies, genotypes and haplotypes) and cardiovascular risk factors in 135 patients with ACS and 115 control subjects. We did not find statistical association between genotypic and allelic frequencies between the studied groups. We did find association to TT genotype (894G>T) compared to GT+GG (OR 1,4; 95% ci 1,0-1,8). No significant interactions were found among cardiovascular risk factors and both -786T>C and intron 4 a/b polymorphisms. Subjects without dyslipidemia and Intron 4 a/b genotype presented a lower chance to ACS development. Subjects without diabetes and 894TT genotype showed higher risk to ACS (OR 1. 64, 95% CI 1. 18-2. 26). Patients without dyslipidemia and 894GG genotype shows a tendency to act as a protector factor to ACS (OR 0. 77, 95% CI 0. 59-1. 00). Also, the GG genotype was a protective factor against ACS in females (OR 0. 48, 95% CI 0. 24-0. 94). Our results suggest that eNOS polymorphisms are not independent risk factor, but that act as an additional risk factor in development of ACS.
O óxido nítrico endotelial (NO) é um importante fator para a regulação do tônus vascular e foi sugerido que o mesmo está envolvido em muitos eventos de processos aterogênicos. A ruptura da placa endotelial pode representar o substrato patomorfológico da síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). Os polimorfismos no gene que codifica para eNOS (NOS3) -786T>C (na região promotora), 894G>T (exon 7) e o VNTR no Intron 4, podem estar envolvidos com uma maior suscetibilidade a SCA. O presente estudo investigou a interação destes polimorfismos (freqüências alélicas, genotípicas e haplótipos) e fatores de risco cardiovascular em 135 pacientes com SCA e 115 controles. Não encontramos associação estatística entre as freqüências alélicas e genotípicas entre os grupos estudados. Encontramos associação para o genótipo TT (894G>T) comparado ao GT+GG (OR 1,4; IC 95% 1,0-1,8).Nenhuma interação significativa foi encontrada entre os fatores de risco cardiovascular e os polimorfismos -786T>C e VNTR intron 4 a/b. Indivíduos sem dislipidemia e com o genótipo intron 4 a/b apresentaram menores chances de desenvolver SCA. Indivíduos sem diabetes e com genótipo 894TT demonstraram maior risco para SCA (OR 1. 64, IC 95% 1. 18-2. 26). Pacientes sem dislipidemia e com genótipo 894GG tiveram uma tendência a ser fator protetor para SCA (OR 0. 77, IC 95% 0. 59-1. 00). Também, o genótipo 894GG foi fator protetor contra SCA no sexo feminino (OR 0. 48, IC 95% 0. 24-0. 94). Os resultados sugerem que os polimorfismos de eNOS estudados não são fatores de risco independente, mas que eles atuam como um fator de risco adicional no desenvolvimento de SCA.
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Piccoli, Jacqueline da Costa Escobar. "Estudo associativo entre tr?s polimorfismos (-786T>C, 894G>T e VNTR INTRON 4 a/b) no gene que sintetiza para ?xido n?trico sintase endotelial e s?ndrome coronariana aguda." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5521.

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O ?xido n?trico endotelial (NO) ? um importante fator para a regula??o do t?nus vascular e foi sugerido que o mesmo est? envolvido em muitos eventos de processos aterog?nicos. A ruptura da placa endotelial pode representar o substrato patomorfol?gico da s?ndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). Os polimorfismos no gene que codifica para eNOS (NOS3) -786T>C (na regi?o promotora), 894G>T (exon 7) e o VNTR no Intron 4, podem estar envolvidos com uma maior suscetibilidade a SCA. O presente estudo investigou a intera??o destes polimorfismos (freq??ncias al?licas, genot?picas e hapl?tipos) e fatores de risco cardiovascular em 135 pacientes com SCA e 115 controles. N?o encontramos associa??o estat?stica entre as freq??ncias al?licas e genot?picas entre os grupos estudados. Encontramos associa??o para o gen?tipo TT (894G>T) comparado ao GT+GG (OR 1,4; IC 95% 1,0-1,8). Nenhuma intera??o significativa foi encontrada entre os fatores de risco cardiovascular e os polimorfismos -786T>C e VNTR intron 4 a/b. Indiv?duos sem dislipidemia e com o gen?tipo intron 4 a/b apresentaram menores chances de desenvolver SCA. Indiv?duos sem diabetes e com gen?tipo 894TT demonstraram maior risco para SCA (OR 1.64, IC 95% 1.18-2.26). Pacientes sem dislipidemia e com gen?tipo 894GG tiveram uma tend?ncia a ser fator protetor para SCA (OR 0.77, IC 95% 0.59-1.00). Tamb?m, o gen?tipo 894GG foi fator protetor contra SCA no sexo feminino (OR 0.48, IC 95% 0.24-0.94). Os resultados sugerem que os polimorfismos de eNOS estudados n?o s?o fatores de risco independente, mas que eles atuam como um fator de risco adicional no desenvolvimento de SCA
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Times to the Present: v.1, Part A: Population; v.2, Part B: Work and Welfare; v.3, Part C: Economic Structure and Performance; v.4, Part D: Economic Sectors; v.5, Part E: Governance and International Relations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5634.

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Review of Review of Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Times to the Present: v.1, Part A: Population; v.2, Part B: Work and Welfare; v.3, Part C: Economic Structure and Performance; v.4, Part D: Economic Sectors; v.5, Part E: Governance and International Relations. Susan B. Carter et al Cambridge. 2006. 5v, 0521817919, $825.00
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15

Gervais, Bruno. "Synthèse de caerulomycines par réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé en série pyridinique." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES009.

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Les Caerulomycines sont des molécules naturelles dotées de propriétés antibiotiques. Ce travail décrit la première synthèse des Caerulomycines B, C et E, ainsi qu'une nouvelle synthèse de la Caerulomycine A, à partir de méthoxypyridines ou méthoxypyridine-N-oxydes. Ces synthèses sont réalisées par le biais de réactions de métallation, de transmétallation et de couplage croisé en série pyridinique. Les couplages effectués à l'aide d'organozinciques montrent l'interêt que peut présenter ce type d'organométallique en synthèse organique
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16

Humphrey, Peter Saah. "Signal transduction mechanisms for stem cell differentation into cardiomyocytes." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/3760.

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Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide and particularly in the developed World. The search for new therapeutic approaches for improving the functions of the damaged heart is therefore a critical endeavour. Myocardial infarction, which can lead to heart failure, is associated with irreversible loss of functional cardiomyocytes. The loss of cardiomyocytes poses a major difficulty for treating the damaged heart since terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes have very limited regeneration potential. Currently, the only effective treatment for severe heart failure is heart transplantation but this option is limited by the acute shortage of donor hearts. The high incidence of heart diseases and the scarcity donor hearts underline the urgent need to find alternative therapeutic approaches for treating cardiovascular diseases. Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells can differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes. Therefore the engraftment of ES cell-derived functional cardiomyocytes or cardiac progenitor cells into the damaged heart to regenerate healthy myocardial tissues may be used to treat damaged hearts. Stem cell-based therapy therefore holds a great potential as a very attractive alternative to heart transplant for treating heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. A major obstacle to the realisation of stem cell-based therapy is the lack of donor cells and this in turn is due to the fact that, currently, the molecular mechanisms or the regulatory signal transduction mechanisms that are responsible for mediating ES cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes are not well understood. Overcoming this huge scientific challenge is absolutely necessary before the use of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes to treat the damaged heart can become a reality. Therefore the aim of this thesis was to investigate the signal transduction pathways that are involved in the differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes. The first objective was the establishment and use of cardiomyocyte differentiation models using H9c2 cells and P19 stem cells to accomplish the specific objectives of the thesis. The specific objectives of the thesis were, the investigation of the roles of (i) nitric oxide (ii) protein kinase C (PKC), (iii) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) (vi) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and (vi) nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signalling pathways in the differentiation of stem cells to cardiomyocytes and, more importantly, to identify where possible any points of convergence and potential cross-talk between pathways that may be critical for differentiation to occur. P19 cells were routinely cultured in alpha minimal essential medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 100 units/ml penicillin /100 μg/ml streptomycin and 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS). P19 cell differentiation was initiated by culturing the cells in microbiological plates in medium containing 0.8 % DMSO to form embryoid bodies (EB). This was followed by transfer of EBs to cell culture grade dishes after four days. H9c2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS. Differentiation was initiated by incubating the cells in medium containing 1% FBS. In both models, when drugs were employed, they were added to cells for one hour prior to initiating differentiation. Cell monolayers were monitored daily over a period of 12 or 14 days. H9c2 cells were monitored for morphological changes and P19 cells were monitored for beating cardiomyocytes. Lysates were generated in parallel for western blot analysis of changes in cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC), ventricular myosin chain light chain 1(MLC-1v) or troponin I (cTnI) using specific monoclonal antibodies. H9c2 cells cultured in 1% serum underwent differentiation as shown by the timedependent formation of myotubes, accompanied by a parallel increase in expression of both MHC and MLC-1v. These changes were however not apparent until 4 to 6 days after growth arrest and increased with time, reaching a peak at day 12 to 14. P19 stem cells cultured in DMSO containing medium differentiated as shown by the timedependent appearance of beating cardiomyocytes and this was accompanied by the expression of cTnI. The differentiation of both P19 stem cells and H9c2 into cardiomyocytes was blocked by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, PKC inhibitor BIM-I and the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB2035800. However when LY294002, BIM-I or SB2035800 were added after the initiation of DMSO-induced P19 stem cell differentiation, each inhibitor failed to block the cell differentiation into beating cardiomyocytes. The NF-kB activation inhibitor, CAPE, blocked H9c2 cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Fast nitric oxide releasing donors (SIN-1 and NOC-5) markedly delayed the onset of differentiation of H9c2 cells into cardiomyocytes while slow nitric oxide releasing donors (SNAP and NOC-18) were less effective in delaying the onset of differentiation or long term differentiation of H9c2 cells into cardiomyocytes. Akt (protein kinase B) is the key downstream target of PI3K. Our cross-talk data also showed that PKC inhibition and p38 MAPK inhibition respectively enhanced and reduced the activation of Akt, as determined by the phosphorylation of Akt at serine residue 473. In conclusion, PKC, PI3K, p38 MAPK and NF-kB are relevant for the differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Our data also show that the PKC, PI3K and p38 MAPK signalling pathways are activated as very early events during the differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Our data also suggest that PKC may negatively regulate Akt activation while p38 MAPK inhibition inhibits Akt activation. Our fast NO releasing donor data suggest that nitric oxide may negatively regulate H9c2 cell differentiation.
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17

Lo, Wei Fen, and 羅偉棻. "Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of 4-anilinofuro[2,3-b]quinoline and 4-anilinofuro[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fyfqj3.

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博士
高雄醫學大學
醫藥暨應用化學系博士班
103
Certain furo[2,3-b]quinoline and furo[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities. Among them, CIL-102 was found to be the most potent. However, it exhibited general cytotoxicity to most of cancers and normal cells. In addition, it displayed other drawbacks such as low oral availability and poor aqueous solubility. In order to improve these drawbacks, we optimized the chemical structure of CIL-102 to settle these problems. CIL-102 is active against the growth of PC-3、A549, MCF-7 and M-10 cells with an IC50 value of 2.69, 0.61, 0.31 and 0.95 μM, respectively. Recent reports revealed that replacement of hydrogen on the linker nitrogen of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylquinazolin-4-amine with a Me group enhanced over 2000-folds activity of antiproliferation. This dissertation describes synthesis and evaluation of N-alkylated 4-anilinofuro[2,3-b]quinoline derivatives such as CIL-102 with aims to improve anticancer activity and selectivity. Our results indicated that most of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited selective activity against prostate cancer cells. Among them, N-(4-acetylphenyl)- N-(furo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)methylamine (12a) was one of the most potent antiproliferative agents with an IC50 value of 0.22 μM against PC-3 cell growth. In the second part, we describe the preparation of furo[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives substituted with aminoalkyl hydrophilic groups and structural verification of these newly synthesized compounds.
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18

Austad, Brian Clinton. "The diastereoselective synthesis of 2,3-dialkyltetrahydrofuran-4-ols via zirconocene-mediated ring contractions and the expeditious synthesis of C(37)-C(54) of halichondrin B." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/40464256.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1998.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 274-288).
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19

Liu, Ya-Ming, and 劉雅銘. "Synthesis and Characterization of 4-Picolyl-Linked NitrogenHeterocyclic Carbene Complexes and Their Application TowardMizoroki-Heck Coupling and C-B Bond Formation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05070304221032940837.

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碩士
國立中央大學
化學研究所
99
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are widely utilized as ligand in homogeneous transitional metal as well as catalyst in asymmetry organocatalysis, therefore, we have prepared a series of novel imidazolium salts precursors for 4-picolyl-linked N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. These imidazolium salts can successfully react with Ag2O to afford air-stable silver carbene complexes 2. Silver carbene complexes 2 can then act as a carbene transfer agent for the synthesis of copper carbene complexes 3 or palladium carbene complexes by a base. We also attempt to prepare the nickel and palladium complexes from the imidazolium salts. These complexes have been characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C) NMR spectroscopy, MS measurements and identity of those complexes are confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, we investigate the palladium carbene complexes catalyzed Heck reaction and proved these palladium carbene complexes shows promising activity, and the results have validated the importance of the cooperating effect invoked by pyridine moiety to assist the efficiency of this catalysis. Next, we examined the coupling of styrene with fused aromatic rings system and excellent conversion was observed for this system. Finally, we carried out the hydroboration catalysis using copper carbene complexes of 3 and have good yield. These studies of these highly functionalized compounds allowed us to develop broader applicability in the synthetic methodologies.
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20

Reinmuth, Lara. "Vorbeugender Gesundheitsschutz für das Personal vor Infektionen mit übertragbaren Erregern." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E360-4.

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21

Mesbah, Wahid [Verfasser]. "Kristallstruktur eines aromatischen Tetraboran(4)-Dianions, ein nichtklassisches Triboracyclobutan und ein Borylboratiren mit sehr starker C-B-Hyperkonjugation / vorgelegt von Wahid Mesbah." 2003. http://d-nb.info/972870008/34.

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22

George, Rosemol. "Lactate dehydrogenase is C-terminally extended by stop codon read-through which targets this isoform into the peroxisomes." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-87FA-4.

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23

Lo, Hong-Jay, and 駱宏杰. "A C2-Symmetric Chiral Pool Based Flexible Strategy: Concise Synthesis of (+)-Valienamine, (+)-Valiolamine, 1-epi-(+)-MK7607, 1-epi-(-)-Streptol, (-)-Hygromycin A, Conduramine B-1, C-1, C-4, D-1, F-1, and F-4, and Key Intermediate of (-)-Laminitol." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kg5n6m.

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博士
國立中興大學
化學系所
100
Herein, we propose a facile and flexible synthetic strategy of chemically challenging and biologically important molecules from C2 symmetric inexpensive chiral pools [L (or) D Tartaric acid]. This expeditious total synthesis includes aminocyclitols [(+)-Valienamine & (+)-Valiolamine], pseudo-carbasugars [1-epi-(+)-MK7607, 1-epi-(-)-streptol], Conduramine series and (-)-Hygromycin A. Aforementioned compounds possess excellent biological activity, such as α- glucosidase inhibitors, antibiotics containing broad spectrum of activity such as peptidyl transferase inhibition activity and high hemaglutination inactivation activity and high antitreponemal activity. On the other hand, the key intermediate could serve as platform for many natural product syntheses. First of all, we utilized Wittig reaction to introduce methylene functional group in 9 steps total synthesis of (+)-Valienamine with 12.4% overall yield. Interestingly, a slightly deviated synthesis from the key intermediate led through asymmetric Sharpless dihydroxylation in 9 steps total synthesis of (+)-Valiolamine, with overall yield of 12.6%. In a concise strategy D-Tartaric acid transformed to Valienamine and Valiolamine. We applied the same procedure to synthesize the enantiomer of same intermediate from L-Tartaric acid and utilized a key step for Heck carbonylation to establish hydroxymethy functional precursor. We achieved an efficient total synthesis of 1-epi-(+)-MK7607 and 1-epi-(-)-streptol in 9 steps with overall yield 11.2% and 12.1% respectively. Similarly, our efforts in devising, simple and flexible strategy to provide an efficient and enantiospecific approach to Hygromycin A. We developed a new platform like 1,4-type azido alcohol aminocyclitol fragment and synthesized through 1,3-transposition from enantiomer L-Tartaric acid. Furanoside fragment was synthesized from different starting materials like D-Tartaric acid or D-Arabinose with short steps and in high yield. Coupling reaction of all key fragments channeled us to complete formal total synthesis of Hygromycin A in 11 steps with overall yield 14.6%. Finally, we efficiently exploited the above mentioned flexible strategy to develop O-isopropylidene protected allylic epoxide, derived from L-Tartaric acid. Other than double bond, diverse stereochemistry of four functional groups in six membered rings achieved from different steps lead rapid high yield synthesis of eight conduramines as its tetraacetates. We achieved total synthesis of Conduramine A-1 and E in 5 steps with overall yield of 30.5% and 36.9% respectively. In addition, Conduramine B-1, C-1 and C-4 were accomplished in 7 steps with overall yield 32.7%, 25.2% and 11.7% respectively. Moreover, we synthesized Conduramine D-1 in 9 steps with overall yield 13.8%. In a similar way, ent-Conduramine F-1 and ent-Conduramine F-4 were completed in 6 steps with overall yield 31.7% and 33.1% respectively. Finally, we also utilized the intermediate for the synthesis of inositol analogues in 8 steps with total yield of 25.2%.
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Antonicelli, Gerardo Esteban. "Änderung der Glycindecarboxylase- und Serinhydroxymethyltransferase-Aktivität in Blättern:." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AC51-B.

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25

Moodley, Loganee. "A comparative analysis of the 3-field radiation treatment technique versus the 4-field radiation treatment technique in the treatment of patients presenting with either stage B or stage C prostate cancer." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2086.

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Dissertation submitted in full compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Radiography, Natal Technikon, 2001.
Radical radiotherapy is quite commonly used to treat localised prostate cancer. Acute and chronic toxicity to the bladder and rectum are dependant upon field arrangement, dose delivered to these organs and the volume of these organs that is within the target volume. A prospective study was conducted in order to determine whether the 3-field or the 4-field radiation treatment technique yields less severe bladder and rectal toxicity. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty patients with histologically confirmed stage B or C (Jewitt's staging system) prostate cancer, with or without radical prostatectomy were recruited from two private oncology institutions, 30 of whom were in group 1 (3-field technique) and 30 in group 2 (4-field technique). Pre-treatment and post-treatment prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels were recorded in order to compare the effect of radiation on PSA. Both groups were treated in 2.00gy fractions per day to a dose of 60.00gy before the field arrangements were changed. This study therefore assessed the patients
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