Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'B-2 B cells'
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Philips, Julia Rachel. "B-1 and B-2 B cell responses to lipopolysaccharide: Putative roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1852.
Full textPhilips, Julia Rachel. "B-1 And B-2 B Cell Responses To Lipopolysaccharide: Putative Roles In The Pathogenesis Of Periodontitis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4395.
Full textPeriodontal disease is one of the most widespread diseases in humans and is characterised by chronic gingival inflammation and B cell accumulation and resorption of the crest of alveolar bone with subsequent loss of teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis has been identified as a putative aetiological agent for periodontitis. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to investigate, using in vitro systems, the responses of autoreactive B-1 and B-2 cells to enterobacterial and nonenterobacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to shed light on the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis and other diseases involving B cell accumulation and autoantibody production. The hypotheses tested were: (1) B cells respond differently to enterobacterial and non-enterobacterial LPS. (2) B-1 cells are activated by a lower concentration of LPS than B-2 cells. (3) LPS stimulation results in preferential accumulation of B-1 cells. Findings consistent with these hypotheses would provide new evidence for different roles for B-1 and B-2 cells in immune responses and that LPS stimulation could lead to B-1 cell accumulation in diseases thus characterised. Initial experiments investigated the responses of representative B-1 (CH12) and B-2 (WEHI-279) cell lines to preparations of P. gingivalis and Salmonella enteritidis LPS utilising flow cytometric and quantitative molecular methods. The cell lines responded differently to the two LPS preparations. There were significant but limited effects on viability and proliferation in the WEHI-279 cell line, but no significant changes in mRNA expression levels for genes including Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4, RP105), immunoglobulin (IgM), cytokines (IL-6, IL-10), co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86), and regulators of apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax). In the CH12 cell line however, LPS stimulation had greater effect. Addition of S. enteritidis LPS from a threshold level of 100ng/mL was found to rescue the cells from death, reflected by the percentage viability and proliferation. Stimulation of CH12 cells with S. enteritidis LPS also led to a decrease in expression of RP105 mRNA, which may be part of a negative feedback loop. Interestingly, stimulation with low concentrations P. gingivalis LPS appeared to inhibit proliferation but high LPS concentrations stimulated proliferation of CH12 cells, although no further significant effects were noted in other analyses. Evidence was found that CH12 cells have a high basal level of activation. This suggests that this line is constitutively activated. Stimulation with P. gingivalis or S. enteritidis LPS did not affect the level of CD80 mRNA expression. It is possible that the CH12 line constitutively expresses a maximal level of CD80 (and possibly CD86) and further stimulation will not cause any increase. Since S. enteritidis LPS appeared to have more pronounced effects on both B cell populations, this LPS was used to further investigate B cell subset responses in a mixed splenocyte culture system. Experiments examining percentage viability and number of viable cells indicated that B-1 and B-2 B cells responded differently to LPS stimulation. A threshold level for B-2 cell response (significant increase in cell number) was found to be 100ng/mL LPS, in contrast to the B-1 B cell subset which were only significantly different to the unstimulated cells when stimulated with 50μg/mL LPS. By examining the expression of CD80, the majority of murine splenic B-1 cells were found to activated prior to any LPS stimulation in vitro. In contrast, the B-2 subset showed significant increase in CD80 expression only at high (≥10μg/mL) LPS concentrations. Studies of the division index of B-1 and B-2 cells showed a significant response in both subsets following stimulation with 1μg/mL and 10μg/mL LPS. However, overall, the results are inconsistent with LPS driving the preferential accumulation of B-1 cells in disease states. These experiments provided useful evidence that supported the idea that B-1 and B-2 cells respond differently to LPS. However, these studies were unable to directly address the role of P. gingivalis LPS in periodontitis. It may be that P. gingivalis LPS could have different effects to S. enteritidis LPS on primary B cells. It is still possible that B-1 cells may be more sensitive to P. gingivalis, as opposed to S. enteritidis LPS. Studies by other groups have suggested that the TH1/TH2 profile is skewed towards TH2 in chronic periodontitis and that P. gingivalis may drive this shift via its ability to signal through TLR2 (and modulate TLR4 signalling). Further, recent studies in our laboratories have found that P. gingivalis gingipains are able to polyclonally activate B cells and to break down both IFNγ and IL-12. Future studies should further examine the effects of B-1 and B-2 interactions in the mixed lymphocyte system together with subsequent studies utilising human periodontitis biopsies. The results presented in this thesis, together with work undertaken by other investigators, suggests that LPS could perturb the normal homeostatic mechanisms of the B-1 B cell-subset and increase polyclonal activation therefore contributing to the genesis of pathologies such as chronic periodontitis.
Philips, Julia Rachel. "B-1 and B-2 B cell responses to lipopolysaccharide putative roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis /." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1852.
Full textPeriodontal disease is one of the most widespread diseases in humans and is characterised by chronic gingival inflammation and B cell accumulation and resorption of the crest of alveolar bone with subsequent loss of teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis has been identified as a putative aetiological agent for periodontitis. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to investigate, using in vitro systems, the responses of autoreactive B-1 and B-2 cells to enterobacterial and nonenterobacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to shed light on the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis and other diseases involving B cell accumulation and autoantibody production. The hypotheses tested were: (1) B cells respond differently to enterobacterial and non-enterobacterial LPS. (2) B-1 cells are activated by a lower concentration of LPS than B-2 cells. (3) LPS stimulation results in preferential accumulation of B-1 cells. Findings consistent with these hypotheses would provide new evidence for different roles for B-1 and B-2 cells in immune responses and that LPS stimulation could lead to B-1 cell accumulation in diseases thus characterised. Initial experiments investigated the responses of representative B-1 (CH12) and B-2 (WEHI-279) cell lines to preparations of P. gingivalis and Salmonella enteritidis LPS utilising flow cytometric and quantitative molecular methods. The cell lines responded differently to the two LPS preparations. There were significant but limited effects on viability and proliferation in the WEHI-279 cell line, but no significant changes in mRNA expression levels for genes including Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4, RP105), immunoglobulin (IgM), cytokines (IL-6, IL-10), co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86), and regulators of apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax). In the CH12 cell line however, LPS stimulation had greater effect. Addition of S. enteritidis LPS from a threshold level of 100ng/mL was found to rescue the cells from death, reflected by the percentage viability and proliferation. Stimulation of CH12 cells with S. enteritidis LPS also led to a decrease in expression of RP105 mRNA, which may be part of a negative feedback loop. Interestingly, stimulation with low concentrations P. gingivalis LPS appeared to inhibit proliferation but high LPS concentrations stimulated proliferation of CH12 cells, although no further significant effects were noted in other analyses. Evidence was found that CH12 cells have a high basal level of activation. This suggests that this line is constitutively activated. Stimulation with P. gingivalis or S. enteritidis LPS did not affect the level of CD80 mRNA expression. It is possible that the CH12 line constitutively expresses a maximal level of CD80 (and possibly CD86) and further stimulation will not cause any increase. Since S. enteritidis LPS appeared to have more pronounced effects on both B cell populations, this LPS was used to further investigate B cell subset responses in a mixed splenocyte culture system. Experiments examining percentage viability and number of viable cells indicated that B-1 and B-2 B cells responded differently to LPS stimulation. A threshold level for B-2 cell response (significant increase in cell number) was found to be 100ng/mL LPS, in contrast to the B-1 B cell subset which were only significantly different to the unstimulated cells when stimulated with 50μg/mL LPS. By examining the expression of CD80, the majority of murine splenic B-1 cells were found to activated prior to any LPS stimulation in vitro. In contrast, the B-2 subset showed significant increase in CD80 expression only at high (≥10μg/mL) LPS concentrations. Studies of the division index of B-1 and B-2 cells showed a significant response in both subsets following stimulation with 1μg/mL and 10μg/mL LPS. However, overall, the results are inconsistent with LPS driving the preferential accumulation of B-1 cells in disease states. These experiments provided useful evidence that supported the idea that B-1 and B-2 cells respond differently to LPS. However, these studies were unable to directly address the role of P. gingivalis LPS in periodontitis. It may be that P. gingivalis LPS could have different effects to S. enteritidis LPS on primary B cells. It is still possible that B-1 cells may be more sensitive to P. gingivalis, as opposed to S. enteritidis LPS. Studies by other groups have suggested that the TH1/TH2 profile is skewed towards TH2 in chronic periodontitis and that P. gingivalis may drive this shift via its ability to signal through TLR2 (and modulate TLR4 signalling). Further, recent studies in our laboratories have found that P. gingivalis gingipains are able to polyclonally activate B cells and to break down both IFNγ and IL-12. Future studies should further examine the effects of B-1 and B-2 interactions in the mixed lymphocyte system together with subsequent studies utilising human periodontitis biopsies. The results presented in this thesis, together with work undertaken by other investigators, suggests that LPS could perturb the normal homeostatic mechanisms of the B-1 B cell-subset and increase polyclonal activation therefore contributing to the genesis of pathologies such as chronic periodontitis.
Hastings, William David. "Peritoneal B-2 cells comprise a distinct population that differentiates to a B-1b phenotype /." Citation, abstract and full text online, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/pqdweb?did=913526461&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=374&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textSherwood, Tracy. "Characterization of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Transcript Expression in B Cells." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1767.
Full textCampbell, Michelle. "The immunomodulatory role of proteinase activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) in B cells." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627909.
Full textGombert, Wendy Marie. "Transcriptional regulation of the bcl-2 gene in human B cells." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312464.
Full textSymington, Hannah Lucy. "Mechanism of IL-2 mediated BACH2 regulation in the control of Human naive B cell differentiation into plasma cells." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1B009.
Full textThe terminal differentiation of B cells, which takes places within germinal centres of secondary lymphoid organs, is the ultimate step of a T cell dependent response and results in the generation of long-lived plasma cells (PCs) that secrete protective, antigen-specific, high-affinity antibodies as part of adaptive immunity. The transition of a naive B cell into a PC is governed by a well-characterised gene regulatory network and is heavily influenced by the integration of externally received signals, including BCR-antigen binding and T cell help, such as cytokines which guide B cell fate. The early IL-2 priming of human primary activated B cells triggers PC differentiation through sustained ERK signalling resulting in the down regulation of B cell transcription factor BACH2. Transient BACH2 repression is sufficient to trigger plasmablast differentiation in the absence of IL-2 suggesting that it acts as a key lock of PC differentiation. Importantly, this enforced BACH2 repression results in the generation of plasmablasts with a lymphoplasmacytic phenotype. The focus of this thesis was to characterise the molecular mechanisms regulating BACH2 expression via the IL-2 ERK transduction pathway. We identify ELK-1 as the mediator of IL-2 ERK induced BACH2 downregulation as it binds to a regulatory enhancer element located within intron 1 of BACH2 instigating its repression and unlocking the PC programme triggering differentiation. The characterisation of this BACH2 enhancer confirms that it is dynamically regulated during PC differentiation and is located within a region targeted for mutation suggesting that it may have a potential role in lymphomagenesis
Ceizar, Maheen. "B-cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) Is an Essential Regulator of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23287.
Full textStein, Merle [Verfasser], and Hans-Martin [Gutachter] Jäck. "A defined mitochondrial metabolic state in pre-B cells contributes to B cell homeostasis and is modulated by Swiprosin-2 / EFhd1 / Merle Stein ; Gutachter: Hans-Martin Jäck." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114989932/34.
Full textStein, Merle Verfasser], and Hans-Martin [Gutachter] [Jäck. "A defined mitochondrial metabolic state in pre-B cells contributes to B cell homeostasis and is modulated by Swiprosin-2 / EFhd1 / Merle Stein ; Gutachter: Hans-Martin Jäck." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114989932/34.
Full textKarlsson, Hannah. "CD19-targeting CAR T Cells for Treatment of B Cell Malignancies : From Bench to Bedside." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk immunologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232638.
Full textJanani, Ramesh. "B cell development and death in mouse bone marrow : effect of a bcl-2 transgene and Iprgld mutations on in vivo dynamics and localisation of precursor B cells." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34647.
Full textIn Emu-bcl-2 transgenic mice, the population dynamics and tissue organisation of phenotypically defined precursor B cells, have been evaluated by immunofluorescence labeling, mitotic arrest, BrdU uptake, flow cytometry and in vivo radioimmunolabeling combined with light and electron microscope radioautography. In bone marrow of Emu-bcl-2 mice, the number and production rate of proliferating precursor B cells were increased. Immature B lymphocytes also increased in number, accumulating extravascularly around the central venous sinus, and the total rate of production of these rapidly-renewed IgM + B cells was increased. Phenotypically mature B lymphocytes and B lymphocytes having a slow turnover rate greatly increased in number. Many mature B cells were located within the lumen of venous sinusoids and in perisinusoidal locations. In the spleen, the usual population of rapidly-renewed IgM + B cells was undetectable. In contrast, both slowly renewing B cells and a further stable population of very long-lived B cells were greatly increased in numbers but had unchanged longevity. The rates of apoptosis among B cell subsets in short term bone marrow cultures from bcl-2 transgenic mice were reduced, while bcl-2/scid mice accumulated many B220+mu- pro-B cells in bone marrow. The results indicate that overexpression of bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis during B cell development in bone marrow and promotes survival of newly-formed B cells in the spleen and their entry into a long-lived recirculating B cell pool.
In Ipr and gld mutant mice lacking functional Fas and Fas ligand, respectively, pre-B cells were increased in number and production rate in bone marrow, while in spleen, in addition to an increase in number of mature B cells, a population of B220+mu - cells was expanded. Thus, Fas ligation may contribute to B cell death in bone marrow.
The findings suggest that Bcl-2 and Fas can help to regulate the developmental stage-specific apoptosis of B cells designed to prevent the persistence of nonfunctional, preneoplastic or autoreactive cells.
Prokopec, Kajsa. "B cells in Autoimmunity : Studies of Complement Receptor 1 & 2 and FcγRIIb in Autoimmune Arthritis." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Molekylär immunologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-109428.
Full textJanani, Ramesh. "B cell development and death in mouse bone marrow, effect of a bcl-2 transgene and lpr/gld mutations on in vivo dynamics and localisation of precursor B cells." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ36988.pdf.
Full textCAMPOS, Patrícia Isabel Figueiredo. "Characterization of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and B cell isotype switching induced by type 1 and type 2 adjuvants." Master's thesis, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/20059.
Full textThe major function of CD4+ T cells is to provide help to other lymphocytes to mount an efficient immune response. T and B cell interactions are essential for humoral responses and it was recently shown that T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in this process. They characteristically express the transcription factor Bcl-6, chemokine receptor CXCR5 and PD-1. These markers are unique as their expression is pivotal to acquire access to the B cell follicle and drive germinal centre (GC) reactions, leading to isotype switching, affinity maturation, and production of high affinity antibodies and memory B cells. In this project, two competing hypothesis investigating the phenotype of Tfh cells were tested. We propose to dissect whether Tfh cells are specialized in providing Th1 or Th2 help, which we call putative “Tfh1” and “Tfh2” cells (hypothesis 1), or if they are a more generic Th subset that responds equally in the presence of different antigens, which we designate as Tfh cells (hypothesis 2). Therefore, we immunized C57BL/6J and Balb/c mice in the footpad using Ovalbumin (OVA) protein combined with different adjuvant types: CpG ODNs only and combined with TiterMax® Gold (TMX), Sigma Adjuvant System (SAS) and Montanide ISA 720 VG, as type 1 adjuvant, and Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant (IFA) and Alum as type 2 adjuvants. Using ELISA assays to determine the type of response generated by measuring serum immunoglobulins of distinct clones (OVA-specific IgG2a for Th1 and OVA-specific IgG1 and total IgE for Th2), we considered CpG ODNs and IFA as the most appropriate adjuvants to induce Th1 and Th2 responses, respectively. OVA-specific cells were transferred from OT-II Rag-/- and DO11.10 Rag-/- mice into congenic mice subsequent to immunization as described above. Draining LNs were collected at the peak of the GC reaction (day 11 post-immunization) and OVA-specific Tfh cells (CD4+ CD44+ CXCR5+PD-1+ Thy1.2+Vβ5+Vα2+/DO11.10+) and OVA-specific activated-Th cells (CD4+ CD44+ CXCR5-PD-1- Thy1.2+Vβ5+Vα2+/DO11.10+) were sorted. The molecular signature of these T cell populations is being analysed via RNA-Sequencing. Moreover, the expression of Th1 and Th2 markers on Tfh cells was investigated via flow cytometry and Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). In this study, it could be shown that Tfh cells of mice immunized with OVA-CpG ODNs co-expressed Bcl-6 and T-bet and also produced IFN-γ, both concordant features with the phenotypic markers of a Tfh cell and of a Th1 cell. As for the expression of Gata-3, it has only been detected in mice under IFA-OVA stimulation, even though at levels lower than the ones determined for T-bet.
Osei-Twum, Jo-Ann B. "Contribution of p-glycoprotein mediated-efflux to the epithelial transport of amphotericin b in caco-2 cells." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46529.
Full textArima, Hiroshi. "B cells with aberrant activation of Notch1 signaling promote Treg and Th2 cell-dominant T cell responses via IL-33." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/236612.
Full textPritts, Timothy A. "NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B ACTIVATION IN THE ENTEROCYTE AND INTESTINAL MUCOSA: REGULATION BY THE HEAT SHOCK RESPONSE AND PROTEASOME INHIBITORS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin990705885.
Full textPalm, Anna-Karin E. "Function and Regulation of B-cell Subsets in Experimental Autoimmune Arthritis." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kemisk biologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265024.
Full textCreery, W. David. "Effects of immunoregulatory cytokines on B7-1 and B7-2 isoform expression on human monocytes and B cells." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10195.
Full textSaturno, Juvaní Lago. "Análise imuno-histoquímica da Bcl-2, Bcl-6, c-Myc e ciclina D1 em linfomas de células B da região oral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-06082014-144841/.
Full textIn this study, 30 cases of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded B-cell lymphomas of the oral region were submitted to immunohistochemistry for the detection of proteins c-Myc, Bcl-2, Bcl-6 and cyclin D1. Fourty percent (40%) of the studied cases were positive for c-Myc, 10% for cyclin D1, 83.3% for Bcl-2 and 53.3% for Bcl-6. The analysis of these proteins has fundamental importance for the diagnosis and treatment course of hematopoietic diseases, because they are involved in various processes controlling gene transcription and cell cycle. All cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, the subtype with the highest incidence. The analysis of these proteins is very important for the diagnosis and treatment course of hematopoietic diseases, because they are involved in various processes controlling gene transcription, cell cycle and apoptotic processes and an increase in the knowledge of their action in different subtypes of lymphomas can corroborate to other studies.
Padro, Caroline Jeannette. "A Study of the Distal Molecular Mechanism by which Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation on a B Cell Regulates IgE Production." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1384763500.
Full textXu, Chenjia. "A Novel in vitro PDE7 Inhibitor Inhibits IL-2 Gene Expression in Activated T Cells and Induces Apoptosis in a B-cell Line and Monocytic Cell Line." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3935.
Full textElevating intracellular cAMP levels can result in a wide range of anti-inflammatory effects and growth arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, marking phosphodiesterases (PDEs) as potential targets for inflammatory diseases and cancer treatment. PDE7A is proposed to be a new therapeutic target for its ubiquitous expression in proinflammatory and immune cells. A Barbituric acid based compound, BC12 was identified as an in vitro PDE7 inhibitor in fission-yeast-based high-throughput screen. Analysis of this compound on the activation of Jurkat T lymphocytes, mouse and human primary T cells reveals inhibition of IL-2 production, though cell viability is not significantly impacted. Real-time RT-PCR and mRNA stability assays indicate that the inhibition of IL-2 production by BC12 is attributable to transcriptional repression without accelerating IL-2 mRNA decay. By contrast, compounds of similar structure with that of BC12 exhibit varying effects on IL-2 production that does not correlate with their in vitro PDE7 inhibitory activity, suggesting that the in vivo target of BC12 responsible for these effects may not be PDE7. Our study further reveals that BC12 inhibits IL-2 transcription through targeting NFAT and NFkB-mediated pathways. Preliminary investigation on other T helper cell cytokine secretion indicates that BC12 has a potential to selectively inhibit Th2 cytokines. Our data suggest that BC12 may present a novel anti-inflammatory drug for its immunosuppressive and potential immunomodulatory effects. Analysis of BC12 on a human B-cell line and a monocytic cell line demonstrate its pro-apoptotic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Titration of BC12 on human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), LY18 cells, and human primary B cells reveals that BC12 induces cell death more effectively in DLBCL LY18 cells than normal B cells, suggesting the anti-cancer potential of this compound
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
Othman, Siti Sarah. "Interactions of an attenuated AroA-derivative of Pasteurella multocida B:2 with mammalian cells and its potential for DNA vaccine delivery." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2905/.
Full textLi, Qian [Verfasser], and Mengji [Akademischer Betreuer] Lu. "Toll-like receptor 2/7 activation enhances the metabolism and functions of CD8+ T and B cells / Qian Li ; Betreuer: Mengji Lu." Duisburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209877619/34.
Full textLyman, Rachel C. "Cell cycle control and its modulation in HPV infected cells." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/863.
Full textFuchs, Iris Judith. "Untersuchungen zur chemischen Transformation von intestinalen Epithelzellen der Ratte und des Menschen durch 2-Hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridin." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1180/.
Full textGolumba-Nagy, Viktória [Verfasser], Thomas [Gutachter] Wunderlich, and Hamid [Gutachter] Kashkar. "CAR modified T cells resist TGF-b mediated repression through engineered IL-7 triggered IL-2 signaling / Viktória Golumba-Nagy ; Gutachter: Thomas Wunderlich, Hamid Kashkar." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188406531/34.
Full textNeil, Jason Robert. "TGF-ß promotes cancer progression through the xIAP:TAB₁:TAK₁:IKK axis in mammary epithelial cells /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2008.
Find full textTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-147). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
Tang, Kai Dun. "Dissecting the prostate cancer stem cell niche inside the bone marrow." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/88935/1/Kai%20Dun_Tang_Thesis.pdf.
Full textZhou, Xiaodan [Verfasser]. "Investigations on the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and of nuclear factor kappa B on novel organic cation transporter 2 and carnitine uptake in bovine kidney cells / Xiaodan Zhou." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106859151X/34.
Full textFLORIO, DANIEL Z. de. "Analise de eletrolitos de ZrO sub(2):Y sub(2) O sub(3) + B sub(2) O sub(3) e de eletrodos de La sub(0,8) Sr sub(0,2) Co sub (0,8) Fe sub (0,2) O sub (3-delta) por espectroscopia de impedancia." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2003. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11130.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Burén, Jonas. "Glucose and lipid metabolism in insulin resistance : an experimental study in fat cells." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-26.
Full textZhang, Lu. "IgG3 Complements IgM in the Complement-Mediated Regulation of Immune Responses." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316618.
Full textSantos, da Silva Eveline. "Rôle des polymorphismes dans la région C-Terminale de l'enveloppe du VIH dans l'infection de cellules primaires." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0279/document.
Full textThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for the pandemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Being highly variable, the virus has been subdivided into viral subtypes. Subtype B is the most studied, while subtype C is the most spread. The envelope (Env) expressed at the surface of the virion enables infection of cells involved in the immune system, like CD4 cells (CD4 TL) and macrophages. We studied the Env region not exposed at the viral surface (intraviral tail, gp41CT), which also harbors sequence characteristics linked to viral subtype. Viruses with subtype C gp41CT had lower replication capacities in CD4 TL. Microscopy analysis showed a defect in clustering of the viral structural protein Gag, revealing that changes in gp41CT affect assembly of all viral components. This defect was seen in CD4 TL but not in macrophages, suggesting the involvement of a cellular factor. Identifying this factor could open new therapeutic leads
Ristow, Gerhard. "Immunophänotypisierung des entzündlichen Infiltrates der Arthrose assoziierten Synovialitis." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14856.
Full textInflammation in osteoarthritis is a secondary reaction to a degenerating process of the articular cartilage. Cause of Degeneration can be a disproportion of mechanical stress and resistance or metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus. This kind of osteoarthritis is called "secondary osteoarthritis". Primary osteoarthritis has an unknown cause. Age and sex of the patient are a predictor for osteoarthritis, hense it is a disease of people above the age of 50 and more often it is found in women than in men. This paper investigated the synovial membranes of twenty patients to characterize the inflammatory Infiltrate. It characterized the cell surface antigen CD 20, CD 23, CD 40, CD 27, CD 3, CD 4, CD 8, Ki M4, CD 68, the antibodies IgG, IgA, IgM, Kappa, Lambda, the proliferating antigen Ki 67 and the expression profile of the cytokines IL 2 and IL 10 by using immunohistochemical staining (indirect immunoperoxidase technique and indirect immunofluorescence technique) with monoclonal antibodies. The synovial membrane shows in histology a dissemination of cover cells, fragments of cartilage and a slight expression of inflammatory infiltrate with a perivascular allocation. In only three of twenty cases we detected stronger inflammatory infiltrates. Most of the perivascular cells express CD 20. They are B lymphocytes. Plasma cells have more distance to the blood vessels and showed a predominant expression of IgG. T-lymphocytes were also detected perivascular. The expression of IL 10 was predominant. Lymphocytes aggregates like lymph follicle were detected in four of twenty cases. Macrophages were proved perivascular as well as in the cover cells. Ki M4 positive reticulum cells were found in only one of twenty cases. All kind of cells in the synovial membrane showed a low proliferation activity. The absence of germinal centers or comparable structures, the low expression of Ki M4 and Ki 67 speak against the immigration and maturation of native B lymphocytes in the synovial membrane. Memory B-lymphocytes don't need germinal centers or compatible structures for maturation, they can mature to plasma cells by help of T-lymphocytes, macrophages or other B-lymphocytes. It is more probably that the detected B lymphocytes are memory cells. The perivascular T lymphocytes in combination with the predominant expression of IL 10 may be interpreted as a TH2 immune reaction. This supports the maturation of B-lymphocytes to plasma cells. The maturation of memory B-lymphocytes under influence of TH2 immune reaction can be the reason for the missing of germinal centers or comparable structures. Matured B-lymphocytes don't need high-grade inflammatory cytokines for quick immune response. This is the possible reason for the low-grade inflammatory reaction of osteoarthritis.
Scuderi, Richard. "G1-phase cyclin expression in neoplastic B cells /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-292-2/.
Full textGarrett, Joan Teresa. "Peptide-based B-cell epitope vaccines targeting HER-2/neu." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1189103626.
Full textGarrett, Joan T. "Peptide-based B-cell epitope vaccines targeting HER-2/neu." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1189103626.
Full textThomenius, Michael James. "B-CELL LYMPHOMA-2 PROTEIN FAMILY, APOPTOSIS AND THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1080679967.
Full textZhang, Qiuheng, and 章秋桁. "The modulatory role of BCL-2 gene in the regulation of apoptosis inHL-60 cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31239754.
Full textRodriguez, Rosie. "A study of the regulation of PLC 2 in B-cell signalling." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404608.
Full textMerza, Mohammed. "Adherence to and invasion of mammalian cell lines by Pasteurella multocida B:2." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/505/.
Full textCook, Sarah Louise. "The role of CC-chemokine receptor-like 2 in the B cell response." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5645/.
Full textSogwagwa, Nkosikho. "The role of Bcl-2 and bax protein expression on individual radiosensitivity." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2523.
Full textApoptosis is the dominant mechanism of cell death induced by radiation and is the key mechanism used to remove cells with significant DNA damage. Previous research investigated the feasibility of using the Leukocyte Apoptosis Assay (LAA) to determine individual sensitivity to radiation and it was found that an apoptotic response could be loosely linked to age, race and gender. Apoptosis is controlled by the Bcl-2 proteins and therefore the balance between Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression is important. With this background it would be relevant to know why certain individuals are more sensitive to radiation than others. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effect of ionising radiation on apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) and Bax (pro-apoptotic) expression and to explore if there is a relationship between radiation induced apoptosis (RIA) and Bcl-2 or Bax expression.
Favre-Sahbi, Loëtitia. "Résistance à l’apoptose des cellules de lymphomes B infectées par le virus d’Epstein-Barr : rôle de l’autophagie et développement de nouveaux outils thérapeutiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS145.
Full textOur team investigates the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis induced in various B-cell lymphomas including some infected by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is an oncogenic member in the gamma-herpesvirus family. Among other pathologies, it is associated with Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). Previously, our laboratory has found that in these tumor cells, the binding of nutlin-3 to MDM2 results in the activation of p53. However, although p53 activation leads to apoptosis in EBV(-) cells, EBV(+) latency III cells which express all viral « latency » proteins are much more resistant. During this PhD project, I studied the mechanisms involved in this resistance and made attempts to define new therapeutic strategies that would bypass them. First, the role played by autophagy was investigated. This catabolic process which degrades proteins and organelles is physiologically complex as it is involved in both cell survival and cell death. Our work has demonstrated that: 1) autophagy was induced in nutlin-3 treated EBV(+) latency III cells; 2) Beclin-1 was strongly expressed in these cells whose autophagy was constitutively activated; 3) autophagy was involved in the resistance to apoptosis observed in these cells. Second, I turned my efforts to the identification of new molecules targeting anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family. Like Bcl-2, the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 is heavily expressed in LB and PTLD cell lines but in this case, independently of their EBV status and this is a frequent cause for the observed resistance to Bcl-2 inhibitors that are currently tested in clinical trials. Molecules targeting Mcl-1 could thus prove promising to circumvent this resistance. In a collaboration with a Chemistry team supervised by Fanny Roussi at the Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles in Gif-sur-Yvette, we have identified the mechanisms of action of potential inhibitors of Mcl-1 and/or Bcl-xL, another anti-apoptotic molecules which induce apoptosis in our two lymphoma models
Palerme, Jean-Sebastien. "Factors influencing the murine B and T cell response to human 2-glycoprotein I." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33818.
Full textDakappagari, Naveen K. "Evaluation of chimeric B-cell epitope vaccines of HER-2 : application to cancer patients /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148639784122275.
Full textKnights, Kaori. "The role of hypoxia and complement receptor 2 or toll-like receptor 2 on B1 B cell effector function." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15852.
Full textDivision of Biology
Sherry D. Fleming
Professional phagocytes play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis within a host through phagocytic, microbicidal, and inflammatory activity. Complement receptors (CR) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) aid in phagocytosis and stimulate these cells to enhance the immune response. Environmental factors such as hypoxia, prevalent at sites of tissue damage or infection, induce a similar effect. Systemic components such as opsonins may further enhance phagocyte activity. Similar to professional phagocytes, B1 B cells exhibit a broad range of immunological activity as well as expression of CRs and TLRs. Despite extensive studies with other phagocytes, the effects of CRs and TLRs expression, hypoxic stimulation, or opsonization on B1 B cell function remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that TLR2 stimulation, hypoxia, CR2 expression, or opsonins would enhance B1 B cell phagocytic and inflammatory activity. Negatively selected peritoneal cavity B1 B cells from the (PerC) of wild type, Tlr2[superscript]-[superscript]/[superscript]-, and Cr2[superscript]-[superscript]/[superscript]- mice, or a B1 B-like cell line, Wehi 231, were subjected to normoxia or hypoxia with or without particles for phagocytosis, TLR2 agonists, or CR2 ligands. The PerC of Tlr2[superscript]-[superscript]/[superscript]- mice contained an altered B1 B cell subset distribution while Cr2[superscript]-[superscript]/[superscript]- mice exhibited a normal repertoire. We demonstrated that hypoxia significantly downregulated inflammatory cytokine production by B1 B cells, while upregulating phagocytic activity in a TLR2 or CR2 dependent manner. TLR2 or CR2 deficiency altered constitutive production of B1 B cell associated cytokines. The CR2 ligand C3d, an opsonin, significantly enhanced the phagocytic activity of B1 B cells but failed to stimulate cytokine production. However, Cr2[superscript]-[superscript]/[superscript]- B1 B cells phagocytosed C3d-coated particles suggesting multiple CR may play a role in B1 B cell phagocytosis. Overall, the data suggest TLRs, CRs, hypoxia, and opsonization all contribute to B1 B cell effector function similar to professional phagocytes.