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Journal articles on the topic 'Azetidinone'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

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1

AL-Tamimi, Entesar Obeed, Raad Mahjoub Muslih, and Khalida Ali Thejeel. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Studies of 2-azetidinones Compounds Derived from Amoxicillin." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v15i1.160.

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In this study, the new azetidinones were synthesized from Schiff bases 2(a-j) that derived from amoxicillin (1) on treatment with chloroacetyl chloride in presence of triethylamine gave azetidinone 3(a-j). The structure of these compounds have been elucidated on the basis of their physical and spectral. Azetidinone compounds were also screened for their antibacterial activity against some bacterial species using amoxicillin as standard.

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2

Alcaide, Benito, Pedro Almendros, Teresa Martínez del Campo, and Teresa Naranjo. "Gold-catalyzed preparation of annelated 2-azetidinones via divergent heterocyclization of enyne-tethered oxazolidines." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 5, no. 5 (2018): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qo00950j.

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The divergent and selective syntheses of two types of annelated β-lactams, namely, furan- and tetrahydropyridine-fused 2-azetidinones, have been accomplished directly from 2-azetidinone-tethered oxazolidine-enynes through gold catalysis.

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3

Bhat, Ishwar, Sunil Chaithanya, P. D. Satyanarayana, and Balakrishna Kalluraya. "The synthesis and antimicrobial study of some azetidinone derivatives with the para-anisidine moiety." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 5 (2007): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0705437b.

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Azetidinones were synthesized from p-anisidine in two steps. First the Schiff's bases were prepared by reacting the hydrazide of an anisidine derivative with different aromatic aldehydes. Cyclocondensation of the Schiff's bases with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine resulted in the formation of the corresponding azetidinone analogues. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis. The antibacterial and antifungal potential of the synthesized compounds were evaluated by the agar disc method.

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4

Baruah, Shyamal, Amrit Puzari, Farhana Sultana, and Jayanta Barman. "Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of (R)-(-)-4-Phenyl-2 Oxazolidinone Based Azetidinones." Anti-Infective Agents 16, no. 2 (August 3, 2018): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211352516666180619153317.

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Introduction: A series of (R)-(-)-4-Phenyl-2 oxazolidinone based azetidinones (4a-i) were synthesized from the reaction of (2-Oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl) acetic acid with aromatic imines (3a-i) in the presence of Thionyl chloride and Triethylamine as a base. Methods: The transformation proceeds through the formation of acid chloride to ketene which finally forms the azetidinones through [2+2] cycloaddition with aromatic imines. Products obtained were screened to evaluate their antibacterial activity with respect to known bacteria like Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) and Bacillus subtilis. Results and Conclusion: In most of the cases, azetidinones were found to exhibit superior antimicrobial properties than oxazolidinones. They were found to be a good inhibitor of gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria. Enhancement of antibacterial property can be attributed to the presence of azetidinone ring and hydrophobic alkyl side chain in the scaffolds.

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5

O. Spry, Douglas, Nancy J. Snyder, Anita R. Bhala, Carol E. Pasini, and Joseph M. Indelicato. "Azetidinone Imides." HETEROCYCLES 26, no. 11 (1987): 2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/r-1987-11-2911.

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6

Yamamoto, Shunzo, Akihide Kanetsuki, Yoshimi Sueishi, and Norio Nishimura. "Mercury-Photosensitized Decomposition of 2-Azetidinone and 4,4-Dimethyl-2-azetidinone." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 63, no. 10 (October 1990): 2911–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.63.2911.

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7

Patel, H. S., and H. D. Desai. "Synthesis of Some New Azetidinone Derivatives Containing Aryl Sulfonyloxy Group." E-Journal of Chemistry 1, no. 4 (2004): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/258752.

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Some novel azetidinone derivatives containing aryl sulfonyloxy group have been prepared. The 4-sulfonyloxy aniline derivative (2) has been prepared by reaction of 4-nitro phenol (sodium salt) with N-acetyl sulfanilyl chloride (ASC) followed by hydrolysis by ethanolic HCl. This compound (2) undergoes facile condensation reaction with aromatic aldehydes to yield different Schiff’s bases (3a-h). Cyclocondensation of compounds (3a-h) with chloro acetyl chloride yields different 2-azetidinone derivatives (4a-h).

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8

Kapadiya, Khushal M., Dipti H. Namera, Kishor M. Kavadia, and Ranjan C. Khunt. "Synthesis of Benzthiazole Derivatives Grouping with Substituted Azetidinone Ring and its Functional Behaviour." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (March 2014): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.30.223.

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A series of Schiff derivatives (5a-q) and azetidinone by way of amide linkage analogues (6a-q) containing 2-amino benzthiazole have been synthesized. Amide linkage were adapted from acid via reaction with hydrazine hydrate followed by reaction with different substituted aldehyde derived various Arylidene derivatives comprising with various donor and acceptor functional group. The structures of the new synthesized azetidinone derivatives were characterized on the basis of 1H-NMR, Mass, IR and elemental analysis data.

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9

Kapadiya, Khushal M., Dipti H. Namera, Kishor M. Kavadia, and Ranjan C. Khunt. "Synthesis of Benzthiazole Derivatives Grouping with Substituted Azetidinone Ring and its Functional Behaviour." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (March 12, 2014): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-9ap77z.

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A series of Schiff derivatives (5a-q) and azetidinone by way of amide linkage analogues (6a-q) containing 2-amino benzthiazole have been synthesized. Amide linkage were adapted from acid via reaction with hydrazine hydrate followed by reaction with different substituted aldehyde derived various Arylidene derivatives comprising with various donor and acceptor functional group. The structures of the new synthesized azetidinone derivatives were characterized on the basis of 1H-NMR, Mass, IR and elemental analysis data.

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10

Hauer, Jan, and Jan Šebenda. "Preparation and polymerization of 3-(2-adamantyl)-3-methyl-2-azetidinone." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 2 (1985): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19850454.

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3-(2-Adamantyl)-3-methyl-2-azetidinone (VI) was prepared, and new compounds, namely, methyl 2-(2-adamantyl) cyanoacetate, methyl-2-(2-adamantyl)-2-cyanopropanoate and methyl-2-(2-adamantyl)-2-methyl-3-aminopropanoate, were prepared in the course of the synthesis as intermediates. The anionic polymerization of lactam VI gave a polymer which was characterized by intrinsic viscosity, solubility, melting temperature and its IR and 1H NMR spectra. Compared with 3-butyl-3-methyl-2-azetidinone, lactam VI polymerizes much more slowly.

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11

Fekner, Tomasz, Jack E. Baldwin, Robert M. Adlington, and Christopher J. Schofield. "Unusually stable azetidinone sulfenic acids." Tetrahedron Letters 39, no. 38 (September 1998): 6983–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01482-8.

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12

Bai, Xu. "New azetidinone cholesterol absorption inhibitors." Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 17, no. 7 (July 2007): 791–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543776.17.7.791.

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13

Xing, Jun De, Wen Long Wei, Hong Hong Chang, and Xing Li. "A Convenient Method for the Chlorination of P-Methoxybenzyl 2-(3-Phenylacetamido-4-Benzenesulfonylthio-2-Azetidinone-1-Yl)-3-Methyl-3-Butenate." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.66.

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A convenient method for the chlorination of p-methoxybenzyl 2-(3- phenylacetamido-4- benzenesulfonylthio-2-azetidinone-1-yl)-3-methyl-3-butenate from penicillin G with sulfuryl chloride ( SO2Cl2) , which is subsequently converted to p-methoxybenzyl 2-(3- phenylacetamido-4- benzenesulfonylthio-2-azetidinone-1-yl)-3-chloromethyl-3-butenate, versatile intermediates for the synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics was developed. The method has the advantage of cheap reagents, mild reaction conditions and convenient operation. The quantity and the feeding rate of the chlorination reagent can be controlled easily. The method is particularly suitable for the chlorination in an industral process.

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14

Bando, S., T. Takano, K. Miyahara, R. Tanaka, T. Nakatsuka, and M. Ishiguro. "Structure of 4-triphenylmethylthio-2-azetidinone." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 45, no. 11 (November 15, 1989): 1776–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270189003495.

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15

Khasanova, L. S., Z. R. Valiullina, A. M. Galeeva, V. A. Egorov, and F. A. Gimalova. "New Azetidinone Building Block for Carbapenems." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 55, no. 3 (March 2019): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428019030187.

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16

Mousser, A., S. Badeche, H. Merazig, H. Benhaoua, and D. Ait Sidhoum. "N-Benzyl-3,4-diphenyl-2-azetidinone." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 52, no. 1 (January 15, 1996): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270195004598.

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17

Boros, Éva, Ferenc Bertha, József Fetter, Gábor Czira, Antal Feller, Gyula Simig, and Mária Kajtár-Peredy. "Regioselective reactions of mesyloxymethylazetidinones with nucleophiles I. Cleavage of the azetidinone ring, azetidinone-aziridine ring transformations." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 43, no. 1 (January 2006): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570430114.

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18

López, Juan C., Raquel Sánchez, Susana Blanco, and José L. Alonso. "Microsolvation of 2-azetidinone: a model for the peptide group–water interactions." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 3 (2015): 2054–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04577g.

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The geometries of the 2-azetidinone–(H₂O)_n clusters, determined by rotational spectroscopy, show the preference of water to interact with the CO group and the effects of cooperative hydrogen bonding.

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19

Clader, John. "Ezetimibe and other Azetidinone Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 5, no. 3 (April 1, 2005): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026053544498.

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20

TANAKA, Hideo, Shin-ya ARAI, Yoshinori ISHITOBI, Manabu KUROBOSHI, and Sigeru TORII. "Electrooxidative N-Halogenation of 2-Azetidinone Derivatives." Electrochemistry 74, no. 8 (2006): 656–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.74.656.

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21

Lee, Y. H., S. I. Cho, E. Kim, H. S. Shin, J. R. Ruble, and B. M. Craven. "L-1-Benzyl-4-mesyloxymethyl-2-azetidinone." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 46, no. 1 (January 15, 1990): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270189005573.

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22

Ahn, Chuljin, Hemant Hegde, and Nitinkumar S. Shetty. "Synthesis of Some Novel Thiazolyl - Azetidinone Hybrids." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 60, no. 2 (April 20, 2016): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2016.60.2.107.

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23

Pori, Matteo, Paola Galletti, Roberto Soldati, Laura Calzà, Chiara Mangano, and Daria Giacomini. "Azetidinone–retinoid hybrids: Synthesis and differentiative effects." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 70 (December 2013): 857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.09.057.

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24

FEKNER, T., J. E. BALDWIN, R. M. ADLINGTON, and C. J. SCHOFIELD. "ChemInform Abstract: Unusually Stable Azetidinone Sulfenic Acids." ChemInform 29, no. 50 (June 18, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199850126.

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25

Del Buttero, Paola, Giorgio Molteni, and Tullio Pilati. "Nitrilimine cycloaddition to 4-(pyrazol-5-yl)carbonyl-2-azetidinone and 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)carbonyl-2-azetidinone." Tetrahedron Letters 44, no. 7 (February 2003): 1425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02874-5.

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26

Mehta, Prakash, Prakash Davadra, Jalpa R. Pandya, and Hitendra S. Joshi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 2-Azetidinone Derivatives of Benzimidazoles." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (March 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.30.81.

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Some new 2-azetidinone derivatives possessing benzimidazole nucleus were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and mass spectral analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity using cup plate method. All the compounds showed moderate to good antimicrobial activity and anti fungal activity.

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27

Mehta, Prakash, Prakash Davadra, Jalpa R. Pandya, and Hitendra S. Joshi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 2-Azetidinone Derivatives of Benzimidazoles." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (March 12, 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-sf5m81.

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Some new 2-azetidinone derivatives possessing benzimidazole nucleus were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and mass spectral analysis. All synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity using cup plate method. All the compounds showed moderate to good antimicrobial activity and anti fungal activity.

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28

Dighe, Rajendra Dnyandeo, Vinod A. Bairagi, Parag A. Pathade, and Yogesh T. Sonawane. "Virtual screening of synthesized thiazole derivatives for M. tuberculosis and dTDP-rhamnose inhibitors." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2324.

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To determine antimycobacterium and dTDP rhamnose inhibitor activity of the synthesized azetidinone, thiazolidinone derivatives of thiazole, we studied different derivatives for the activity. One pot synthesis of 2-amino-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester has been carried out and synthesized different derivative compounds. Compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against different strains of microorganism and antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Compounds 7c, 7d, 7i, 8d, 8e, 8g and 8h, were showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhosa using Gentamycin as standard, while 7b, 7e, 7f, 7i, 8b, 8e, 8f and 8i showed very strong antimycobacterial activity using rifampicine as a standard. Thiazole derivatives especially with carbonyl group scaffold inhibit an enzyme RmlC, which is an essential component for the biosynthesis of dTDP-rhamnose and produce good antimycobacterium and antimicrobial activity. Keywords: Thiazole, thiazolidinone derivatives, azetidinone derivative, well diffusion method, broth microdilution assay, antitubercular activity, antimicrobial activity.

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29

Laguerre, Michel, Chantal Boyer, Jean-Michel Leger, and Alain Carpy. "New investigations of the reaction of epichlorohydrin with hindered amines: X-ray and NMR analyses." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 1514–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-232.

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During the synthesis of a series of new antiarhythmic drugs, the reaction between epichlorohydrin and hindered amines was reinvestigated. With primary amines, 3-azetidinols were formed in fair yields. The X-ray structure elucidation of one of these compounds (1: P21/n, a = 17.210, b = 6.665, c = 23.585, β = 102.29, and R = 0.064 for 2005 observed reflections) and NMR studies led to the conclusion that both the hydroxy group and the bulky nitrogen substituent are on the same side of the azetidine ring. With secondary amines, the reaction was very complex, leading to diamino dioxane, diamino alcohols, amino alcohol ethers, and one glycol. X-ray analysis and 1H and 13C NMR studies allowed complete assignments for all compounds. All but one exhibited a slow interconversion of the nitrogen visible in the 13C NMR spectra. Keywords: epichlorohydrin, hindered amines, azetidinol, adamantane, alkanol amines.

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30

Majed, Hadeel, and Firyal W. Askar. "Synthesis and biological evaluation of new Benzimidazole derivatives." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 29, no. 1 (October 31, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v29i1.127.

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Agroup of benzimidazole derivatives bearing different heterocyclic moieties such as Schiff bases, 2-azetidinone and 4-thiazolidinone were efficiently prepared. The structures of the newly compounds were characterized by FTIRand ¹H NMR spectra. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram negative bacteria and fungi using the microdilution procedure.

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31

Mahdi, Monther Faisal, Rafah Fadhel Al-Smaism, and Ammar Ihsan Mahmood. "Synthesis, Characterization of Some New 2-Azetidinone Derivatives." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v15i2.167.

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New series of 2-Azetidinone (4a-4f) were synthesized, the structure of these new derivativeswereconfirmed using spectral methods starting from Ketoprofen we prepared an amide ester by using DCC and TEA in DCM, then converted to hydrazide by using hydrazine hydrate, then a Schiff bases were synthesized using different aromatic aldehydes in ethanol, and the final compounds were obtained by cyclocondensation using chloroacetylechloride. The synthesis of the designed compounds has been successfully achieved. Purity and characterization were confirmed by determination of physical properties (melting points &Rf values), FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR Sp.

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32

León, Salvador, Antxon Martínez de Ilarduya, Carlos Alemán, Montserrat García-Alvarez, and Sebastián Muñoz-Guerra. "Conformational Analysis of (S)-4-(Cyclohexoxycarbonyl)-2-azetidinone." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 101, no. 23 (June 1997): 4208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp963207g.

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33

Hirai, Koichi, and Atsushi Naito. "Microbial transformation of d1 3-acetyl-azetidinone derivatives." Tetrahedron Letters 30, no. 9 (January 1989): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(01)80372-5.

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34

Himaja, M., Asif Karigar, M. V. Ramana, D. Munirajasekhar, and Mukesh S. Sikarwar. "Synthesis of Novel Azetidinone Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents." Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 9, no. 6 (May 1, 2012): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157018012800673038.

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35

Genêt, Jean-Pierre, Jean-Olivier Durand, Sylvain Roland, Monique Savignac, and Frédéric Jung. "Synthesis of 3-fluoro azetidinone by electrophilic fluorination." Tetrahedron Letters 38, no. 1 (January 1997): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(96)02217-4.

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36

Romanova, N. N., V. A. Budylin, G. V. Grishina, V. M. Potapov, and Yu G. Bundel'. "Asymmetric methylation of 1-[(S)-?-phenylethyl]-2-azetidinone." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 21, no. 1 (January 1985): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00505916.

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37

Black, I., K. Rothenberger, and P. Stein. "Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of platinum azetidinone blue." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 43, no. 2-3 (August 1991): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(91)84581-s.

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38

Kiss, Loránd, Enikő Forró, and Ferenc Fülöp. "Novel stereocontrolled syntheses of tashiromine and epitashiromine." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 11 (April 30, 2015): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.11.66.

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A novel stereocontrolled approach has been developed for the syntheses of tashiromine and epitashiromine alkaloids from cyclooctene β-amino acids. The synthetic concept is based on the azetidinone opening of a bicyclic β-lactam, followed by oxidative ring opening through ring C–C double bond and reductive ring-closure reactions of the cis- or trans-cyclooctene β-amino acids.

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39

He, Lili, Lijuan Zhai, Jian Sun, Jingwen Ji, Jinbo Ji, Yuanbai Liu, Yangxiu Mu, et al. "Substituted-Amidine Functionalized Monocyclic β-Lactams: Synthesis and In Vitro Antibacterial Profile." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (July 28, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9955206.

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Background. Owing to the intrinsic stability against common β-lactamases and metallo-lactamases, monobactams gathered special attention in antibiotic drug development. However, so far, aztreonam is the only monobactam approved by FDA for clinical use. We designed new derivatives of aztreonam to enhance its antibacterial efficacy. Methods. We synthesized a series of monocyclic β-lactams by modifying mainly at the C3 position of azetidinone ring. NH2 group at C3 of azetidinone was attached to thiazole and thiadiazole which in turn was linked to nitrogenous heterocyclic rings via amidine moieties. We then investigated the in vitro antibacterial activities of synthesized compounds against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest in comparison to aztreonam and ceftazidime. Results. All compounds showed improved antibacterial activities against tested strains compared to reference drugs. Compounds 14d and 14e were most potent and showed the highest potency against all bacterial strains, with MIC values ranging from 0.25 µg/mL to 8 µg/mL, as compared to aztreonam (MIC 16 µg/mL to >64 µg/mL) and ceftazidime (MIC >64 µg/mL). These compounds (14d and 14e) may be valuable lead targets against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

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40

Ruediger, Edward H., and Carola Solomon. "Novel conversion of a 3-(1-hydroxyethyl)azetidinone to a 3-(hydroxymethyl)azetidinone: a synthesis of 6-(hydroxymethyl)-1.beta.-methylcarbapenem." Journal of Organic Chemistry 56, no. 9 (April 1991): 3183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00009a048.

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41

Singh, Gurvinder, Charanjit Kaur, Pardeep Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Kumar, and Chander Mohan. "ACETAMIDE LINKED AZETIDINONE-BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY." International Research Journal Of Pharmacy 10, no. 3 (April 23, 2019): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.100394.

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42

Lee, C. H., S. I. Cho, E. Kim, H. S. Shin, J. R. Ruble, and B. M. Craven. "Structure of L-1-benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-2-azetidinone." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 46, no. 8 (August 15, 1990): 1450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270189009017.

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43

Ercan, F., D. Ülkü, and V. Güner. "3,3-Dichloro-4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-azetidinone." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 52, no. 7 (July 15, 1996): 1779–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270196002119.

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44

Khan, T., R. Yadav, and S. K. Srivastava. "Synthesis of Thiadiazole and Azetidinone Derivatives Derived from Triazoles." Asian Journal of Chemistry 29, no. 10 (2017): 2275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2017.20750.

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45

Demyk, K., D. Petitprez, J. Demaison, H. Møllendal, and G. Wlodarczak. "Rotational spectrum, hyperfine structure and structure of 2-azetidinone." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5, no. 22 (2003): 5038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b307958a.

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46

Zhang, Huibin, Yubin Wang, Rui Zhao, Wenlong Huang, Yunman Li, and Jinpei Zhou. "Design and Synthesis of 2-Azetidinone Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors." Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157018008783406741.

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47

Mehta, Parul D., N. P. S. Sengar, and A. K. Pathak. "2-Azetidinone – A new profile of various pharmacological activities." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45, no. 12 (December 2010): 5541–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.035.

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Bersier, Pierre M., Jacques Bersier, Gottfried Sedelmeier, and Ernst Hungerbühler. "Polarography of penem carbapenem antibiotics and the azetidinone intermediate." Electroanalysis 2, no. 5 (July 1990): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140020508.

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Gürtler, Susanne, and Hans-Harwig Otto. "2-Azetidinone: Die Reaktion von α-Silylcarbanionen mit Mesoxalsäurediethylester." Archiv der Pharmazie 322, no. 1 (1989): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19893220103.

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Gürtler, Susanne, and Hans-Hartwig Otto. "2-Azetidinone: Die Reaktion von α-Silylcarbanionen mit Carbonylverbindungen." Archiv der Pharmazie 322, no. 2 (1989): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19893220210.

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