Academic literature on the topic 'Axioms of adaptation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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Malekii Vishkaeii, Roghyeh, Behrouz Daneshian, and Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi. "Modifying the convexity condition in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)." Nexo Revista Científica 33, no. 02 (December 31, 2020): 454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v33i02.10784.
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Conventional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models are based on a production possibility set (PPS) that satisfies various postulates. Extension or modification of these axioms leads to different DEA models. In this paper, our focus concentrates on the convexity axiom, leaving the other axioms unmodified. Modifying or extending the convexity condition can lead to a different PPS. This adaptation is followed by a two-step procedure to evaluate the efficiency of a unit based on the resulting PPS. The proposed frontier is located between two standard, well-known DEA frontiers. The model presented can differentiate between units more finely than the standard variable return to scale (VRS) model. In order to illustrate the strengths of the proposed model, a real data set describing Iranian banks was employed. The results show that this alternative model outperforms the standard VRS model and increases the discrimination power of (VRS) models.
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Ahlert, Marlies, and Katharina Friederike Sträter. "Refining Raiffa – Aspiration Adaptation within the Zone of Possible Ag." German Economic Review 17, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 298–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12096.
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Abstract One of the most well-known descriptive bargaining models is Raiffa’s Zone of Possible Agreements (ZOPA). We reinterpret Raiffa’s model of a price negotiation in the realm of bounded rationality by applying Simon’s theory of Satisficing. Afterward we refine Raiffa’s negotiation model using Aspiration Adaptation Theory as suggested by Sauermann, Selten, Tietz and others. We offer a model of a concession process that gives precision to the Dance of Concessions in Raiffa’s model by applying axioms of bounded rationality. Raiffa suggests a solution point derived from equity in price dimension, whereas we propose an area solution defined by equity in aspiration levels.
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Kurman, Jenny, and Carmel Ronen-Eilon. "Lack of Knowledge of a Culture’s Social Axioms and Adaptation Difficulties among Immigrants." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 35, no. 2 (March 2004): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022103262244.
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Birkholc, Robert. "Adaptations of Hybrids: Literary Plays with Genres in Contemporary Polish Cinema (Spoor and Darkness and Dark, Almost Night)." Tekstualia 3, no. 66 (October 31, 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5044.
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The article discusses the problem of genre hybridity and the play with genres from a comparative perspective on the example of Drive Your Plough Over the Bones of the Dead by Olga Tokarczuk and Dark, Almost Night by Joanna Bator as well as of their fi lm adaptations, directed by Agnieszka Holland and Borys Lankosz, respectively. In both novels, generic and stylistic hybridity does not only fulfi ll a ludic function, but more importantly serves to express a social critique, and their fi lm adaptations refl ect this. Spoor is a creative adaptation which – through the combination of genres and styles – questions ethical norms often regarded as axioms and prompts the viewer to reconsider the relationship between humans and animals. Dark, Almost Night approaches the complex combination of genres in the literary original in a reductive way, which affects its message. The study of adaptations should not focus on the issue of „fi delity”, but rather examine how the change of the medium transforms the original textual structures and their use of social discourses.
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Brafman, Ronen, and Yagil Engel. "Decomposed Utility Functions and Graphical Models for Reasoning about Preferences." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 1 (July 3, 2010): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7582.
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Recently, Brafman and Engel (2009) proposed new concepts of marginal and conditional utility that obey additive analogues of the chain rule and Bayes rule, which they employed to obtain a directed graphical model of utility functions that resembles Bayes nets. In this paper we carry this analogy a step farther by showing that the notion of utility independence, built on conditional utility, satisfies identical properties to those of probabilistic independence. This allows us to formalize the construction of graphical models for utility functions, directed and undirected, and place them on the firm foundations of Pearl and Paz's axioms of semi-graphoids. With this strong equivalence in place, we show how algorithms used for probabilistic reasoning such as Belief Propagation (Pearl 1988) can be replicated to reasoning about utilities with the same formal guarantees, and open the way to the adaptation of additional algorithms.
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Kortam, Wael, and Abdelhameed Abbas. "Foundations of a Relativity Marketing Theory." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 9 (September 9, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.99.10740.
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This research aims to open the way to review of the philosophical postulates and ideological pathways that govern the contributions in marketing theory, to reflect the scientific marketing truth. We do not mean by this to trace the history of marketing thought, but rather, a re-investigation of the logic of its existence and being. It is an attempt to re-explore and depart from the axioms that ruled marketing thought. Marketing theory emerged from being a scientific theory that can be true or false, to be an "ideology” defended by its supporters. From this point; this research set the foundation for developing a new general marketing theory based on the relativity concept, has the ability and adaptation to exceed the boundaries of “product, technology, time, place, context and customer”, acquires its being and existence from the verification of the current philosophy of marketing science, and considering the marketing experience
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Feliciano, Alfredo, Evelyn Feliciano, Daisy Palompon, and Ferdinand Gonzales. "Acceptance Theory of Family Caregiving." Belitung Nursing Journal 8, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.2004.
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Acceptance of roles in the care of older adults by a family caregiver depends on factors emanating from commitment to familial relationships, widespread cultural expectation, and debt of gratitude. This study aims to develop a theory that explains the acceptance of the role of caregiving of the older adults by the family caregiver necessary to predict behavioral adaptation and control caring phenomenon that favors successful meeting of caring expectation across trajectory phases and transitions. A deductive axiomatic approach to theory generation was utilized, resulting in four axioms that served as bases for four propositions. Acceptance Theory of Family Caregiving implies that older adults who expect their children to take care of them as they age have cultural influence and that the acceptance of the role will determine the caregiver’s acceptance of consequences in the form of physical, economical, psychological, and spiritual aspects. In terms of preparedness, family members who accept the possibility of the decline of their older adults are more likely to be assume caregiving roles efficaciously. In the process that family members face in this so-called trajectory caregiving process, resources play a significant role. The developed theory suggests that the care of the older adult in the family caregiving process is determined by the acceptance of role assumption by the family caregiver across trajectory phases. This study highlights the vital implication of acceptance of role assumption to the outcomes of the caregiving process with respect to older adult care, prevention of family caregiver burden, and establishment of strong familial and social relationships.
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Feliciano, Alfredo, Evelyn Feliciano, Daisy Palompon, and Ferdinand Gonzales. "Acceptance Theory of Family Caregiving." Belitung Nursing Journal 8, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.2004.
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Acceptance of roles in the care of older adults by a family caregiver depends on factors emanating from commitment to familial relationships, widespread cultural expectation, and debt of gratitude. This study aims to develop a theory that explains the acceptance of the role of caregiving of the older adults by the family caregiver necessary to predict behavioral adaptation and control caring phenomenon that favors successful meeting of caring expectation across trajectory phases and transitions. A deductive axiomatic approach to theory generation was utilized, resulting in four axioms that served as bases for four propositions. Acceptance Theory of Family Caregiving implies that older adults who expect their children to take care of them as they age have cultural influence and that the acceptance of the role will determine the caregiver’s acceptance of consequences in the form of physical, economical, psychological, and spiritual aspects. In terms of preparedness, family members who accept the possibility of the decline of their older adults are more likely to be assume caregiving roles efficaciously. In the process that family members face in this so-called trajectory caregiving process, resources play a significant role. The developed theory suggests that the care of the older adult in the family caregiving process is determined by the acceptance of role assumption by the family caregiver across trajectory phases. This study highlights the vital implication of acceptance of role assumption to the outcomes of the caregiving process with respect to older adult care, prevention of family caregiver burden, and establishment of strong familial and social relationships.
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Bromberg, F., D. Margaritis, and V. Honavar. "Efficient Markov Network Structure Discovery Using Independence Tests." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 35 (July 17, 2009): 449–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2773.
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We present two algorithms for learning the structure of a Markov network from data: GSMN* and GSIMN. Both algorithms use statistical independence tests to infer the structure by successively constraining the set of structures consistent with the results of these tests. Until very recently, algorithms for structure learning were based on maximum likelihood estimation, which has been proved to be NP-hard for Markov networks due to the difficulty of estimating the parameters of the network, needed for the computation of the data likelihood. The independence-based approach does not require the computation of the likelihood, and thus both GSMN* and GSIMN can compute the structure efficiently (as shown in our experiments). GSMN* is an adaptation of the Grow-Shrink algorithm of Margaritis and Thrun for learning the structure of Bayesian networks. GSIMN extends GSMN* by additionally exploiting Pearl's well-known properties of the conditional independence relation to infer novel independences from known ones, thus avoiding the performance of statistical tests to estimate them. To accomplish this efficiently GSIMN uses the Triangle theorem, also introduced in this work, which is a simplified version of the set of Markov axioms. Experimental comparisons on artificial and real-world data sets show GSIMN can yield significant savings with respect to GSMN*, while generating a Markov network with comparable or in some cases improved quality. We also compare GSIMN to a forward-chaining implementation, called GSIMN-FCH, that produces all possible conditional independences resulting from repeatedly applying Pearl's theorems on the known conditional independence tests. The results of this comparison show that GSIMN, by the sole use of the Triangle theorem, is nearly optimal in terms of the set of independences tests that it infers.
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Galiakberova, A. A., E. Kh Galyamova, and S. N. Matveev. "Methodological basis for designing a digital simulator of pedagogical activities." Vestnik of Minin University 8, no. 3 (September 9, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2020-8-3-2.
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Introduction. The article presents the foundations of the concept of a digital simulator of pedagogical activity. Its characteristics allow us to see the possibilities of modeling pedagogical activity from the point of view of implementing the principles of the activity approach. The purpose of this research is to create a concept and methodological toolkit as a plot composition for programming a simulator of pedagogical activities for teaching to solve geometric problems. The content of one of the storylines on the topic “Orthocenter of a triangle” is shownMaterials and Methods. The modern system of higher education trains teachers for professional activities in the global information society. The development of information and digital technologies involves active use of distant education tools, which means educational technologies implemented using information and telecommunication networks with the indirect interaction of students and teachers. Due to these requirements, the paper considers the possibilities of simulation in the process of professional training of future school teachers. The following research methods were used: pedagogical experiment, observation and modeling, as well as analysis of existing simulators in the higher education system of the Russian Federation [9, 10, 11, 14] and foreign educational systems as well [20].Results. There has been developed a concept and adaptation of the mathematical content of the simulator [16] to the level of specialized secondary education. To create such a simulator, a bank of pedagogical situations and options for their solution was created, the source of replenishment of which is the pedagogical practice of students at school. We see the prospect that the interaction of the simulator should be built in such a way as to meet the potential user needs and the requirements of the professional standard [19]. The concept of a simulator for teaching to solve geometric problems is based on the theoretical foundations of elementary geometry and methods (techniques) for solving problems of increased complexity in geometry (profile level, Unified State Exam, Olympiad problems), teaching methods for geometric problems, cognitive psychology.Discussion and Conclusions. The article presents a model for simulating the actions of a future mathematics teacher in the process of organizing the solution of a geometric problem from the point of view of didactics, psychology, methods and axioms of geometry. An experimental base has been prepared for a future pedagogical experiment on the introduction of a simulator into the educational process of training mathematics teachers.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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Kelbley, Jennifer E. "The Role of Orphanin FQ (OFQ/N) in Mediating Adaptation to Chronic Stress." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1146244076.
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McKlveen, Jessica M. "Role of the Prefrontal Glucocorticoid Receptor in Synaptic, Neuroendocrine, and Behavioral Stress Adaptation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427882983.
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Jolley, Sandra. "Maternal adaptation from pregnancy to postpartum : focus on the relationship beween the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and mood /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7187.
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Viljoen, Monet. "An integrative approach to the effect of interleukin-6 on adaptation to restraint stress in rats." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4365.
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Thesis (MSc (Physiological Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Bi-directional communication exists between HPA-axis activation and interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, the relative contribution of centrally versus peripherally secreted IL- 6 remains unclear, especially under psychological stress conditions. We hypothesised that the HPA response to mild psychological stress is dependent on IL- 6, both centrally and peripherally. 120 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, depending on whether they received an anti-IL-6 antibody (Ab) (2μg/ml/kg body weight) or a placebo (sterile saline) injection and whether or not they were subjected to 1 hour of restraint stress for 1, 2 or 3 days. Rats were euthanized 24 hours after stress exposure. Plasma corticosteroid (GC) levels remained significantly increased 24 hours after a single stress exposure (control placebo (CP) versus stress placebo (SP): p < 0.05). The undetectable plasma IL-6 levels evident across all groups may be explained by the short half-life of IL-6. Plasma IL-1β levels decreased when IL-6 was blocked in unstressed animals (CP versus CAb: p < 0.05), suggesting a role for IL-6 in the maintenance of IL-1β levels under tonic physiological conditions. At tissue level, pituitary gland mass increased significantly at time point 2, independently of stress when blocking IL-6 (CAb: p < 0.05). This suggests that when normal homeostasis is threatened, immediate adaption or at least compensation may occur. It was observed that GR, IL-1β, IL-1βR, IL-6, IL-6R and GABAARα1 showed no response to stress alone in the pituitary. It is therefore more likely that resistance to adaptation exists centrally. IL-1β and IL-1βR (p < 0.05) and GABAARα1 (p < 0.005) expression increased in the CAb group in the pituitary, again suggesting a role for IL-6 under control conditions. In terms of the adrenal, blocking IL-6 resulted in decreased glandular mass at time point 1, independent of stress (CAb and SAb: p < 0.005). The up-regulation in GR expression seen in CAb and SAb (p < 0.05) may be the effect of a compensatory mechanism to increase IL-6 dependent bioactivity of GCs. The fact that expression of IL-6, IL-6R, IL-1β and IL- 1βR consistently increased in the Ab groups, and mostly in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis, suggests that lack of local direct negative cytokine feedback occurred in response to very low plasma IL-6 levels and that this contributes more than GCs in the down-regulation of inflammatory cytokine release. In conclusion, consistent effects of the Ab were apparent in the tissues investigated, even in control conditions, suggesting that IL-6 plays a role in the maintenance of basal homeostasis, including its regulation of the response to psychological stress. We found differential regulation in terms of cytokines and GCs when comparing peripheral versus central effects of stress and Ab, as well as the levels of cytokines in the blood compartment, compared to within tissues.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar bestaan twee-rigting kommunikasie tussen HPA-as aktivering en interleukin-6 (IL-6), allhoewel die relatiewe bydrae van sentraal versus perifeer afgeskeide IL-6 nog onduidelik is, veral gedurende sielkundige strestoestande. Ons hipotese is dat die HPA reaksie tot sielkundige stres afhanklik van IL-6 is, beide sentraal en in die periferie. 120 manlike Wistar rotte is in vier groepe verdeel, afhangende van of hulle ‘n anti-IL- 6 teenliggaampie (Ab) (2μg/ml/kg liggaamsgewig) of ‘n plasebo (steriele soutoplossing) inspuiting gekry het, en of hulle onderworpe was aan 1 uur van vaskeer-stres vir 1, 2 of 3 dae. Rotte is 24 uur na blootstelling aan stres aan genadedood onderwerp. Bloed kortikosteroïed (GC) vlakke het beduidend toegeneem binne 24 uur na ‘n eenmalige stres blootstelling (kontrole plasebo (CP) versus stres plasebo (SP): p < 0.05). Die onmeetbaar lae vlakke van IL-6 regoor al die groepe, kan verduidelik word na aanleiding van die kort half-leeftyd van IL-6. Bloed IL-1β vlakke het afgeneem in kontrole rotte wanneer IL-6 geblok is (CP versus CAb: p < 0.05). Dit kan beteken dat IL-6 noodsaaklik is vir die onderhoud van IL-1β vlakke gedurende basale toestande. Op weefselvlak het die hipofise massa toegeneem by tydpunt 2 toe IL-6 geblok is, onafhanklik van stres (CAb: p < 0.05). Dit dui aan dat wanneer normale homeostase bedreig word, daar onmiddelike aanpassing of kompensasie plaasvind. Dit is opvallend dat GR, IL-1β, IL-1βR, IL-6, IL-6R en GABAARα1 geen respons in terme van stres alleen in die hipofise getoon het nie. Na aanleiding daarvan is dit meer waarskynlik dat weerstand tot aanpassing sentraal bestaan. IL-1β and IL-1βR (p <0.05) en GABAARα1 (p < 0.005) uitdrukking in die hipofise het toegeneem in die CAb groep, wat weereens ‘n rol vir IL-6 onder kontrole toestande uitwys. In terme van die bynier, het die blok van IL-6 ‘n afname in massa veroorsaak by tydpunt 1, wat weer onafhanklik van stres was (CAb en SAb: p < 0.005). Die opregulering in die CAb en SAb groepe (p < 0.05), kan wees as gevolg van ‘n kompensasie meganisme om IL-6 afhanklike GC aktiwiteit te verhoog. Die feit dat die uitdrukking van IL-6, IL-6R, IL-1β and IL-1βR in die Ab groepe deurlopend verhoog was, en meeste in die zona fasciculata en zona reticularis, stel voor dat daar ‘n tekort aan plaaslike, direkte sitokien negatiewe terugvoering was, as gevolg van die merkwaardige lae bloed IL-6 vlakke en dat dit meer bydra as GCs in die afregulering van inflammatoriese sitokien vrystelling.
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Zullig, Kelly. "THE EFFECTS OF ORPHANIN FQ/NOCICEPTIN (OFQ/N) DELETION ON THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL (HPA) AXIS ACTIVITY AND PROLACTIN RESPONSE TO STRESS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1218130798.
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Flamant, Mathilde. "Rôle de l’inflammation et des macrophages dans le remodelage cardiaque adaptatif précoce et l’évolution vers l’insuffisance cardiaque." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS104.
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L’hypertrophie cardiaque est un processus adaptatif précoce permettant le maintien de la fonction cardiaque en réponse à une atteinte chronique ou aiguë. Cependant, la persistance du stress peut conduire, à long terme, à l’insuffisance cardiaque (IC). A ce jour, la compréhension des mécanismes impliqués dans le remodelage adaptatif demeure incomplète. Mon objectif de thèse a été d’identifier certains mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires qui initient et régulent l’hypertrophie cardiaque adaptative (HCA) déclenchée par stimulation β-adrénergique. Ce travail établit le rôle essentiel de la protéine Orai3 dans le maintien de l’HCA et la protection contre l’évolution vers l’IC. Nous identifions la signalisation TNF-α/TNFR2 comme stimulus de l’influx calcique Orai3-dépendant dans les cardiomyocytes hypertrophiés, et montrons que les cellules immunes CD11b/c+ sont une source potentielle de TNF-α dans le cœur en HCA. Plus précisément, nous avons caractérisé les macrophages cardiaques présents dans le cœur sain, en HCA et en IC par des approches cytométrique, transcriptomique, sécrétomique et lipidomique. Nous montrons que l’expansion d’une population macrophagique au stade précoce du remodelage est essentielle à la réponse hypertrophique. Nos résultats identifient l’axe fractalkine/CX3CR1 comme signal médiateur clé de l’expansion de ces macrophages, de l’induction de l’HCA et de la protection contre l’IC. En résumé, ce travail renforce le concept selon lequel les cellules immunes influencent la réponse adaptative du cœur au stress en interagissant de façon paracrine avec les cardiomyocytes, et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour le traitement de l’ICCardiac hypertrophy is an early adaptive process to preserve cardiac function in response to chronic or acute injury. However, chronic excessive stress triggers transition to heart failure (HF). To date, mechanisms involved in early adaptive cardiac hypertrophy (EACH) are poorly understood. The aim of my PhD project was to identify molecular and cellular events that initiate and regulate EACH in response to β-adrenergic stimulation. My results establish the essential protective role of the Orai3 protein in EACH, limiting the evolution towards HF. We identify the TNF-α/TNFR2 signaling pathway as a stimulus of Orai3-dependent calcium influx in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes, and we show that CD11b/c+ immune cells are a potential source of TNF-α in EACH hearts. More specifically, we characterized cardiac macrophages from healthy, EACH and HF hearts using cytometric, transcriptomic, secretomic and lipidomic approaches. We show that a macrophage expansion during early stage of remodeling promotes the hypertrophic response. Our results identify the fractalkine/CX3CR1 axis as a key signal driving macrophage expansion, EACH induction and protection against HF. In summary, this work further strengthens the concept that immune cells influence the cardiac adaptive response to stress by paracrine interaction with cardiomyocytes and opens new perspectives for HF treatments
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Pyter, Leah M. "Seasonal plasticity of physiological systems, brain, and behavior." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1141319505.
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Bennani-Kabchi, Naïma. "Etude des variations saisonnieres de facteurs nutritionnels, hormonaux et metaboliques chez un rongeur desertique, le merion (meriones shawi)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2E407.
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Hodzic, Amir. "Exploration du coeur d'athlète à l'aide d'outils échocardiographiques d'analyse de la déformation myocardique, des volumes ventriculaires et des flux intra cavitaires Accuracy of speckle tracking in the context of stress echocardiography in short axis view: an in vitro validation study Analysis of inter-system variability of systolic and diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients derived from color Doppler M-mode echocardiography Echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular untwisting-filling interplay Cardiovascular adaptations in American-style football players in response to the inter- season training Right ventricular global and regional remodeling in American-style-football athletes: a longitudinal 3D echocardiographic study." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC428.
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L’athlète entrainé est un modèle physiologique d’adaptation cardiaque extrême où il est parfois difficile de faire la distinction entre le remodelage cardiaque adaptatif induit par l’exercice physique et certaines cardiomyopathies débutantes. L’échocardiographie est l’examen d’imagerie de premier choix pour l’étude du cœur d’athlète au repos et à l’effort. Les développements semi-récents du speckle tracking et de l’imagerie tridimensionnelle (3D) ont montré un intérêt clinique dans la description de la réponse cardiaque à l’exercice. Toutefois certains aspects techniques nécessitent d’être investigués. De plus, les outils de post-traitement actuels ne permettent qu’une évaluation incomplète de l’hémodynamique cardiaque et de l’analyse morphofonctionnelle régionale. Dans un premier temps, à l’aide d’un modèle expérimental mimant l’échocardiographie de stress, nous avons démontré la validité du speckle tracking pour l’étude de la déformation régionale dans une large gamme de fréquences de déformation en comparaison à la technique de référence par sonomicrométrie. Secondairement, nous avons étudié chez des sujets volontaires sans cardiopathie avérée (athlètes et non athlètes) une méthode de quantification non invasive des gradients de pressions intraventriculaires (GPIVs) pour l’évaluation de la fonction systolique et diastolique ventriculaire gauche (VG), qui est basée sur le post-traitement des données de vitesses de flux intra cavitaires acquises en mode TM Doppler couleur. Nous avons montré que cet indice hémodynamique était facilement accessible, et bien corrélé au mécanisme de succion VG. L’analyse des mesures de GPIVs a mis en évidence une variabilité inter-constructeur qui était principalement liée aux différences de résolution de l’image Doppler couleur. Enfin, en utilisant une approche échocardiographique multiparamétrique (speckle tracking, GPIV, et volumes 3D), nous nous sommes intéressés à caractériser la relation physiologique entre le type d’entrainement physique et le remodelage cardiaque gauche et droit au sein d’une équipe de footballeurs canadiens suivie de manière longitudinale. L’analyse régionale des modifications morphologiques et fonctionnelles du ventricule droit (VD) induites par l’exercice chronique a été réalisée à l’aide d’un nouvel algorithme de post- traitement des acquisitions 3D permettant une segmentation tripartite (apex, chambre d’admission, chambre d’éjection) des volumes VD en échocardiographie. En conclusion, les outils de post-traitement échocardiographique étudiés dans ce travail pour l’analyse globale et régionale de la fonction et de la morphologie cardiaques semblent applicables au cœur d’athlète et pourraient avoir un intérêt dans la caractérisation du remodelage cardiaque physiologique à l’exerciceThe trained athlete is a physiological model of extreme cardiac adaptation for whom the distinction between adaptive cardiac remodeling induced by chronic exercise and certain early cardiomyopathies can be difficult to assess. Echocardiography is the first-choice imaging modality to evaluate the athlete’s heart at rest and during exercise. Semi-recent developments in speckle tracking and 3D ultrasound imaging have shown clinical interest in the echocardiographic description of the athlete’s heart. However, some technical aspects require further investigation. Moreover, current post-treatment tools provide only a partial analysis of cardiac hemodynamics and regional myocardial function. Using an experimental model mimicking stress echocardiography, we first demonstrated the validity of speckle tracking in comparison to sonomicrometry to measure regional deformation in a large range of deformation rates. Secondly, we studied in volunteers without heart disease (athletes and non- athletes) the reliability of a method to assess non-invasively the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) based on post-processing of intracardiac flow velocity data acquired using color Doppler M-mode. This hemodynamic index was highly feasible and well correlated with LV suction. Analysis of IVPG measurements revealed inter-vendor variability which was mainly related to differences in color Doppler image resolution. Finally, using a multiparametric echocardiographic approach (speckle tracking, IVPGs, and 3D volumes), we studied the physiological relationship between the type of exercise training and the left and right cardiac remodeling among a Canadian football team followed longitudinally. The regional analysis of right ventricular (RV) morphological and functional changes induced by chronic exercise was performed using a new computational method based on 3D echocardiography that volumetrically parcellated the RV into three segments (apex, outlet, and inlet). In conclusion, our workhas shown that the echocardiographic post-processing tools studied for the global and regional analysis of cardiac function and morphology apply to the athlete’s heart and could be useful in the characterization of the exercise-induced cardiac remodeling
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Victoria, Nicole C. "A Single Neonatal Injury Induces Life-Long Adaptations In Stress And Pain Responsiveness." 2013. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/10.
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Approximately 1 in 6 infants are born prematurely each year. Typically, these infants spend 25 days in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) where they experience 10-18 painful and inflammatory procedures each day. Remarkably, pre-emptive analgesics and/or anesthesia are administered less than 30% of the time. Unalleviated pain during the perinatal period is associated with permanent decreases in pain sensitivity, blunted cortisol responses and high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders. To date, the mechanism(s) by which these long-term changes in stress and pain behavior occur, and whether such alterations can be prevented by appropriate analgesia at the time of injury, remains unclear. We have previously reported in rats that inflammation experienced on the day of birth permanently upregulates central opioid tone, resulting in a significant reduction in adult pain sensitivity. However, the impact on early life pain on anxiety- and stress-related behavior and HPA axis regulation is not known. Therefore the goal of this dissertation was to determine the long-term impact of a single neonatal inflammatory pain experience on adult anxiety- and stress-related responses. Neuroanatomical changes in stress-associated neurocircuits were also examined. As the endogenous pain control system and HPA axis are in a state of exaggerated developmental plasticity early in postnatal life, and these systems work in concert to respond to noxious or aversive stimuli, this dissertation research aimed to answer the following questions: (1) Does neonatal injury produce deficits in adult stress-related behavior and alter stress-related neuroanatomy through an opioid-dependent mechanism? (2) Does neonatal injury alter receptor systems regulating the activation and termination of the stress response in adulthood? (3) Are stress- and pain-related neurotransmitters altered within the first week following early life pain? (4) Is early activation of the pain system necessary for the long-term changes in anxiety- and stress-related behavior? Together these studies demonstrate the degree, severity and preventability of the long-term deficits in stress responding associated with a single painful experience early in life. The goal of this research is to promote change in the treatment of infant pain in the NICU to reduce long-term sensory and mental health complications associated with prematurity.
Books on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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illustrator, Martin Cynthia 1961, and Schulz, Barbara (Barbara Jo), illustrator, eds. A journey into adaptation with Max Axiom, super scientist. London: Raintree, 2010.
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ill, Martin Cynthia 1961, and Schulz, Barbara (Barbara Jo), ill, eds. Un viaje por la adaptación con Max Axiom, supercientífico. North Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2013.
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T, Podvigina T., and Filaretova L. P, eds. Adaptat͡s︡ii͡a︡ kak funkt͡s︡ii͡a︡ gipofizarno-adrenokortikalʹnoĭ sistemy. Sankt-Peterburg: "Nauka", 1994.
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Ferraro, Kenneth F. The Gerontological Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190665340.001.0001.
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The Gerontological Imagination provides an integrative overview of the scientific study of aging. Although investigators from many disciplines study aging, concerns have been raised about the intellectual coherence of gerontology precisely because it draws from and contributes to a wide array of disciplines. Biologists, psychologists, and sociologists may claim an interest in gerontology, but do they have a common image of aging or a set of principles to guide their research? This book develops a paradigm for the study of aging by articulating and integrating six axioms related to causality, life course analysis, multifaceted change, heterogeneity, accumulation, and ageism. The proposed paradigm provides an efficient way to identify essential ideas, findings, models, and theories across multiple disciplines. Gerontology examines aging across multiple systems and the interplay of factors that shape adaptation. Illustrations are drawn from fields such as biology, epidemiology, genetics, medicine, psychology, sociology, and zoology. The axioms are best viewed as a gestalt for the intellectual work of research on aging—and how to optimize the aging experience.
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Martin, Cynthia, Agnieszka Biskup, Michael Kelleher, and Barbara Schulz. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2016.
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Martin, Cynthia, Agnieszka Biskup, Michael Kelleher, and Barbara Schulz. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2016.
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Martin, Cynthia, Agnieszka Biskup, Michael Kelleher, Barbara Schulz, and Agniesezka Biskup. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2007.
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Biskup, Agnieszka. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2007.
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Martin, Cynthia, Agnieszka Biskup, and Barbara Schulz. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2016.
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Biskup, Agnieszka, and Barbara Schulz. Journey into Adaptation with Max Axiom, Super Scientist. Capstone, 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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Balogun, R. Ayodeji, E. Adesanya Adefisan, Z. Debo Adeyewa, and E. Chilekwu Okogbue. "Thermodynamic Environment During the 2009 Burkina Faso and 2012 Nigeria Flood Disasters: Case Study." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1705–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_143.
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AbstractCritical or extreme atmospheric conditions which could result in flood disasters are important output for numerical weather forecast. This research applied thermodynamic variables to investigate the environment of two flood scenarios in West Africa as captured by the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) satellite. Results from the two case studies of flood events, in (i) Burkina Faso and (ii) Nigeria savannah, investigated in this research work, indicated that the September 1st 2009 flood, which was as a result of a single volumetric rainfall event of 408,070.60 ((mm/h)*km2) with 65% convective region in Burkina Faso, was initiated by interactions between extremely large lower tropospheric wind shear and cold pool dynamics. The case of the Nigeria savannah floods between July and September, 2012, was triggered by both continuous rainfall and release of water from the lagdo dam in Cameroon, which affected most of the communities in the river Benue axis. The continuous rainfalls were found to be as a result of extremely high convergence of moisture in the river Benue axis at different locations and periods. One of such rainfall events, as captured by TRMM satellite during September 29, 2012 in the Nigeria rainforest zone, indicated that the volumetric rainfall is 351,310.9 ((mm/h)*km2) with only 34% convective portion. From these results, it can be deduced that a combination of thermodynamic environmental variables, volume rainfall, and other satellite-derived convective parameters could provide important information for flood forecasting.
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Aguilera, Greti. "Stress Adaptation and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis." In Molecular Neuroendocrinology, 375–403. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118760369.ch17.
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Fernandes, Alexandre F., and Frank McGovern. "Adaptation Modelling: A JPI Climate Perspective." In Springer Climate, 233–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_27.
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AbstractThe Joint Programming Initiative “Connecting Climate Knowledge for Europe” (JPI Climate) is a pan-European intergovernmental initiative gathering European countries to jointly coordinate climate research and fund new transnational research initiatives that provide useful climate knowledge and services for post-COP21 Climate Action. The main objective of JPI Climate is to bring together existing and developing new excellent scientific knowledge that is needed to assist practitioners to adequately transform society towards climate resilience and consequently providing integrated climate knowledge and decision support services for societal innovation. To date, JPI Climate has mobilised more than 100 million EUR in research investments and has provided access to knowledge and expertise across Europe and beyond. Some of the key projects from JPI Climate include “European Research Area for Climate Services” (ERA4CS), designed to boost the development of efficient climate services, “Assessment of Cross(X)-sectoral climate Impacts and pathways for Sustainable transformation” (AXIS), which aims to promote cross-boundary, cross-community research with the overall goal to improve coherence, integration and robustness of climate impact research and connect it to societal needs, and “Enabling Societal Transformation in the Face of Climate Change” (SOLSTICE), bringing together the Social Sciences and Humanities communities to enable and accelerate positive transformation in the face of climate change. The current development of JPI Climate Knowledge Hubs and the potential establishment of a European Facility for Climate Change (EFCC) will further establish JPI Climate as a key player in European climate change research and will actively inform and support the implementation of relevant national, European and international climate strategies and policies.
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De Neve, Wesley, Davy De Schrijver, Davy Van Deursen, Peter Lambert, and Rik Van de Walle. "Real-Time BSD-Driven Adaptation Along the Temporal Axis of H.264/AVC Bitstreams." In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2006, 131–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11922162_16.
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Sanders, D. A., F. Naghdy, J. Billingsley, D. Robinson, and A. Collie. "Robot Path Adaptation Based on Axis Drive Current Monitoring Including Discrimination Between Collision and Acceleration Transients." In Robotics and Factories of the Future ’87, 437–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73890-6_51.
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Bendor, Jonathan, Daniel Diermeier, David A. Siegel, and Michael M. Ting. "Aspiration-based Adaptive Rules." In A Behavioral Theory of Elections. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691135076.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses some general properties of aspiration-based adaptive rules (ABARs). It begins with an overview of propensity and aspiration-based adjustment, using axioms to represent three premises: agents have aspirations, they compare payoffs to aspirations, and these comparisons determine the key qualitative properties of how agents adjust their action propensities. It then considers stochastic processes such as Markov chains before turning to some useful types of ABARs, along with realistic aspirations and how the behavior and performance of ABARs are associated with the existence of relations of Pareto dominance among alternatives. It also examines the empirical content of ABAR-driven models and concludes with an analysis of some evidence regarding aspiration-based adaptation, paying attention to behavior and hedonics.
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Williams, Tony D. "The Hormonal and Physiological Control of Egg Production." In Physiological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691139821.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on the regulation of female reproduction and on the physiological regulation of ovary and oviduct function during egg production. Since female reproduction is highly seasonal and occurs in response to seasonal environmental variability, it considers what we know about how information encoded in photoperiodic and non-photoperiodic cues (food, temperature, and social factors) is integrated by the neuroendocrine system and transduced into an (hormonal) output that ultimately determines ovarian function and egg formation. It briefly reviews important aspects of the neuroendocrine system that regulates gonadal function (i.e., the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal [HPG] axis). It compares data for males and females in terms of HPG-axis function and reproductive development to provide evidence that males cannot be considered good models for females, and highlights some discrepancies, inconsistencies, and gaps in our knowledge with regard to control of female reproduction. Throughout it attempts to highlight and describe mechanisms that might generate or constrain individual variability in female reproductive traits.
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"Hormones in Salmon." In Physiological Aspects of Imprinting and Homing Migration in Salmon, 20–48. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2054-3.ch002.
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Hormones are important signaling molecules produced and secreted in the endocrine system that show interesting close similarities between humans and salmon. They are transported to target organs where they bind to their receptors and control physiological regulation and behavioral activity to maintain homeostasis via feedback mechanisms. Various hormones control freshwater and seawater adaptations to maintain water and salt balances. The juvenile imprinting migration and adult homing migration of salmon are mainly controlled by the brain (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)-pituitary (thyrotropin)-thyroid (thyroid hormones) axis and the brain (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)-pituitary (gonadotropin)-gonad (steroid hormones) axis, respectively. This chapter describes hormone species and actions, hormonal control of freshwater and seawater adaptations, and hormonal changes during juvenile imprinting migration and adult homing migration in salmon.
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Perez-Rodriguez, M. Mercedes, Antonia S. New, and Larry J. Siever. "The Neurobiology of Personality Disorders: The Shift to DSM-5." In Neurobiology of Mental Illness, edited by Dennis S. Charney, 1089–102. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199934959.003.0084.
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While neurobiologic studies are focused primarily on disorders that in DSM-IV were placed on Axis I, displaying extensive symptomatology and often in episodic fashion, there is an emerging neurobiology of personality disorders, which consists largely of maladaptive traits that impair functioning and adaptation to the environment. These constellations of maladaptive traits are partially heritable, associated with specific candidate genes that are beginning to be identified, and are grounded in specific neurocircuitry alterations. It is in part the recognition of the neurobiologic grounding of these disorders that has led to the placement of personality disorders onto Axis I in DSM-5.
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Akşit, Onur O., and Azra K. Nazlı. "Techno Fantasies of East and West." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 197–213. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7180-4.ch012.
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In this chapter, the science fiction anime that takes its source from Masamune Shirow's manga with the same name, Kōkaku Kidōtai (攻殻機動隊, Ghost in the Shell), is examined and compared with the U.S. adaptation film Ghost in the Shell (2017) within the framework of techno-orientalism. The study aims a comparative critique through anime and film, which both allow explaining the transformative potential-effects of technology in a socio-cultural context in the east-west axis, through dissociations, convergences, and integration. It is to review the representations of traditional Western-centered thought that is deconstructed with the narrative which maintains focus on technology axis; it is aimed to reveal with the analysis that takes the 2017 film to the center. In this way, Ghost in the Shell offers possibilities of representation in the axis of futuristic Eastern culture with the female-cyborg character that presents the cyber-society environment, the deconstruction of the idea that puts focus on anthropocentrism, especially the ‘Western man'.
Conference papers on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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Saura-Mas, Sandra, Asunción Blanco-Romero, and Jaume Barrera. "Towards a transdisciplinary approach in the training of teachers: Creating procedures in learning and teaching in higher education." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13037.
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For decades we have been immersed in a constant change in our society, registered together with an increase in its degree of complexity. This greatly affects the currently prevailing educational axioms, making them obsolete, which implies, according to our hypothesis, the need for a process of revision and innovation of existing models. Our proposal starts from a bibliographic review of some existing proposals in innovation, to create a new pedagogical model based on polyhedral and transdisciplinary methodologies. At the same time, we offer a case study in a core subject of the first teacher training course at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. After the practical application of our transdisciplinary methodological theories, it has been possible to successfully collect evidence of a balanced interaction between disciplinary areas by students. The application of the innovations can become a frame of reference for higher education institutions interested in following this very important process of adaptation to social reality.
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Liu, Yusheng, Jie Yu, and Shuming Gao. "Generating Medial Axis by Local Adaptation For Polygons." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99282.
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Medial axis(MA) is a dimension-reduced representation for 2D/3D objects and widely used in finite element analysis(FEA). However it is very time consuming to computing MA from the scratch. In this study, a novel approach to generating the exact MA with local adaptation is proposed for polygons. The region where MA is to be changed is found out first. And then MA of the region is calculated and further it is combined with the unchanged MA to obtain the final MA for the whole part. The algorithm is implemented with ACIS 6.0 and some examples are given.
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Li, A., B. Wintiba, J. Remmers, M. Geers, and T. Massart. "Modeling Yarn Reorientation in Woven Composites under Off-axis Tensile Loading with Cohesive Zone Based Conformal Meshing." In 10th International Conference on Adaptative Modeling and Simulation. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/admos.2021.057.
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Yang, Li-Farn, and Jeen-Gwo Tsao. "Adaptive Synchronization Control Design for High-Speed Magnetic Bearings." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0504.
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Abstract The performance of actively controlled magnetic bearings is greatly degraded if subjected to unpredictable disturbances or system dynamic variations. This paper present an adaptive synchronization control on a magnetically suspended rotor system for disturbance rejection and plant variation compensation. The rotor system consists of a rotating disk mounted on a shaft which is actively positioned in the radial directions via two magnetic bearings at both ends. Under the synchronizing control, four displacements of shaft along bearing axes are coordinated such that the disturbed displacement can promptly be recovered with those undisturbed in a complementary way. Such motion synchronization requires strict regulation and adaptation through four local controllers with an adaptive feedforward control scheme. The local controllers can be linked by the coupling law, in which an error along one bearing axis can affect overall control loop of four axes. Two control algorithms are developed under the biaxial and quadaxial synchronization conditions, and their adaptation laws are optimized in an attempt to minimize the adaptation errors. Simulations of disturbance rejection responses will also be presented.
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Jie, Ma, and Xu Qinbei. "Four-axis gimbal system application based on gimbal self-adaptation adjustment." In 2015 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2015.7261040.
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Zuluaga Ramírez, Carlos Mauricio, José Soto Mejía, Sandra Estrada Mejía, Julio César Chavarro Porras, and Manuela Gómez Suta. "Conceptualización unificadora, formal y adaptativa para contrarrestar la falta de parsimonia en el dominio de liderazgo." In Nuevas realidades para la educación en ingeniería: currículo, tecnología, medio ambiente y desarrollo. Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Ingeniería - ACOFI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26507/paper.2372.
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El presente trabajo expone y explica las etapas llevadas a cabo para el desarrollo de un proceso investigativo que involucró áreas como la representación del conocimiento, la ingeniería ontológica y la minería de texto para la construcción de una conceptualización unificadora, formal y adaptativa que ayudó a contrarrestar los problemas presentes en el dominio de liderazgo, como son: (1) La falta de parsimonia, ocasionada por ambigüedad conceptual, proliferación y superposición de información, lo que influye en la generación de confusión teórica, impidiendo un panorama claro sobre los efectos y resultados que produce la aplicación de las distintas perspectivas de liderazgo a nivel organizacional. (2) El carácter estático de los esfuerzos de unificación y síntesis para este campo, que va en contravía con su carácter adaptativo. Este trabajo desde su línea teórica fue diseñado para encontrar los principios generales que gobiernan las diversas perspectivas del campo de liderazgo, mediante la clarificación del conocimiento, por medio de la recolección, análisis, procesamiento, unificación y síntesis de información, lo que permitió alcanzar un nivel de simplicidad y coherencia lógica. Por otro lado, desde su aspecto descriptivo, el proyecto buscó especificar la configuración de conceptos, propiedades, relaciones, operaciones y reglas que componen el dominio de liderazgo y modelan su carácter adaptativo. La investigación descriptiva combinada con ciertos criterios de clasificación, ayudó a organizar, detallar y sintetizar los diferentes elementos involucrados en este campo, fortaleciendo así el principio de parsimonia. La metodología propuesta para las etapas del proyecto, siguió lineamientos de las áreas de representación del conocimiento e ingeniería ontológica, las cuales permitieron adoptar una serie de pasos debidamente sustentados para consolidar una estructura taxonómica unificadora que posibilitó representar y ordenar adecuadamente el conocimiento de este campo, disminuyendo la proliferación y superposición de información. Dicha representación fue consensuada y validada con la ayuda de expertos en el dominio de liderazgo. Posteriormente se usaron técnicas de minería de texto para encontrar y tratar información novedosa que permitiera modificar, actualizar y refinar la abstracción inicialmente desarrollada. Lo anterior también ayudó a determinar y abstraer el conjunto de operaciones computacionales y reglas que modelaron el componente adaptativo de la conceptualización inicialmente construida. Seguidamente, se creó un conjunto de axiomas representados en un lenguaje lógico, para establecer formalmente los distintos componentes de la conceptualización unificadora, definir sus términos y restringir su interpretación, disminuyendo así el problema de ambigüedad conceptual en los constructos del dominio de liderazgo. Finalmente, la conceptualización obtenida se instanció en un componente computacional para ser expresada mediante lenguajes ontológicos.
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Pravica, Luka, Martina Kutija, and Damir Sumina. "Permanent magnet generator q-axis inductance adaptation using high-frequency signal injection." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2018.8352225.
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Wu, Kuan-Yi, Yin-Yu Su, Ying-Lung Yu, Kuei-You Lin, and Chao-Chieh Lan. "Series elastic actuation of an elbow rehabilitation exoskeleton with axis misalignment adaptation." In 2017 International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2017.8009308.
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Wright, W. Geoffrey. "Using virtual reality to induce cross-axis adaptation of postural control: Implications for rehabilitation." In 2013 International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation (ICVR). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvr.2013.6662095.
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ShuangHan, JiZhao, and Zhixin Liu. "Simulation Research of Self-adaptation Fuzzy-IMC Algorithm Based on Virtual-axis polishing Machine Tool." In IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2006.347385.
Full textReports on the topic "Axioms of adaptation"
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Koopmann, Patrick. Actions with Conjunctive Queries: Projection, Conflict Detection and Verification. Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.243.
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Description Logic actions specify adaptations of description logic interpretations based on some preconditions defined using a description logic. We consider DL actions in which preconditions can be specified using DL axioms as well as using conjunctive queries, and combinatiosn thereof. We investigate complexity bounds for the executability and the projection problem for these actions, which respectively ask whether an action can be executed on models of an interpretation, and which entailments are satisfied after an action has been executed on this model. In addition, we consider a set of new reasoning tasks concerned with conflicts and interactions that may arise if two action are executed at the same time. Since these problems have not been investigated before for Description Logic actions, we investigate the complexity of these tasks both for actions with conjunctive queries and without those. Finally, we consider the verification problem for Golog programs formulated over our famility of actions. Our complexity analysis considers several expressive DLs, and we provide tight complexity bounds for those for which the exact complexity of conjunctive query entailment is known.
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Yahav, Shlomo, John Brake, and Orna Halevy. Pre-natal Epigenetic Adaptation to Improve Thermotolerance Acquisition and Performance of Fast-growing Meat-type Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592120.bard.
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: The necessity to improve broiler thermotolerance and performance led to the following hypothesis: (a) thethermoregulatory-response threshold for heat production can be altered by thermal manipulation (TM) during incubation so as to improve the acquisition of thermotolerance in the post-hatch broiler;and (b) TM during embryogenesis will improve myoblast proliferation during the embryonic and post-hatch periods with subsequent enhanced muscle growth and meat production. The original objectives of this study were as follow: 1. to assess the timing, temperature, duration, and turning frequency required for optimal TM during embryogenesis; 2. to evaluate the effect of TM during embryogenesis on thermoregulation (heat production and heat dissipation) during four phases: (1) embryogenesis, (2) at hatch, (3) during growth, and (4) during heat challenge near marketing age; 3. to investigate the stimulatory effect of thermotolerance on hormones that regulate thermogenesis and stress (T₄, T₃, corticosterone, glucagon); 4. to determine the effect of TM on performance (BW gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, carcass yield, breast muscle yield) of broiler chickens; and 5. to study the effect of TM during embryogenesis on skeletal muscle growth, including myoblast proliferation and fiber development, in the embryo and post-hatch chicks.This study has achieved all the original objectives. Only the plasma glucagon concentration (objective 3) was not measured as a result of technical obstacles. Background to the topic: Rapid growth rate has presented broiler chickens with seriousdifficulties when called upon to efficiently thermoregulate in hot environmental conditions. Being homeotherms, birds are able to maintain their body temperature (Tb) within a narrow range. An increase in Tb above the regulated range, as a result of exposure to environmental conditions and/or excessive metabolic heat production that often characterize broiler chickens, may lead to a potentially lethal cascade of irreversible thermoregulatory events. Exposure to temperature fluctuations during the perinatal period has been shown to lead to epigenetic temperature adaptation. The mechanism for this adaptation was based on the assumption that environmental factors, especially ambient temperature, have a strong influence on the determination of the “set-point” for physiological control systems during “critical developmental phases.” In order to sustain or even improve broiler performance, TM during the period of embryogenesis when satellite cell population normally expand should increase absolute pectoralis muscle weight in broilers post-hatch. Major conclusions: Intermittent TM (39.5°C for 12 h/day) during embryogenesis when the thyroid and adrenal axis was developing and maturing (E7 to E16 inclusive) had a long lasting thermoregulatory effect that improved thermotolerance of broiler chickens exposed to acute thermal stress at market age by lowering their functional Tb set point, thus lowering metabolic rate at hatch, improving sensible heat loss, and significantly decreasing the level of stress. Increased machine ventilation rate was required during TM so as to supply the oxygen required for the periods of increased embryonic development. Enhancing embryonic development was found to be accomplished by a combination of pre-incubation heating of embryos for 12 h at 30°C, followed by increasing incubation temperature to 38°C during the first 3 days of incubation. It was further facilitated by increasing turning frequency of the eggs to 48 or 96 times daily. TM during critical phases of muscle development in the late-term chick embryo (E16 to E18) for 3 or 6 hours (39.5°C) had an immediate stimulatory effect on myoblast proliferation that lasted for up to two weeks post-hatch; this was followed by increased hypertrophy at later ages. The various incubation temperatures and TM durations focused on the fine-tuning of muscle development and growth processes during late-term embryogenesis as well as in post-hatch chickens.
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Yahav, Shlomo, John Brake, and Noam Meiri. Development of Strategic Pre-Natal Cycling Thermal Treatments to Improve Livability and Productivity of Heavy Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593395.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The necessity to improve broiler thermotolerance and live performance led to the following hypothesis: Appropriate comprehensive incubation treatments that include significant temperature management changes will promote angiogenesis and will improve acquisition of thermotolerance and carcass quality of heavy broilers through epigenetic adaptation. It was based on the following questions: 1. Can TM during embryogenesis of broilers induce a longer-lasting thermoregulatory memory (up to marketing age of 10 wk) that will improve acquisition of thermotolerance as well as increased breast meat yield in heavy broilers? 2. The improved sensible heat loss (SHL) suggests an improved peripheral vasodilation process. Does elevated temperature during incubation affect vasculogenesis and angiogenesis processes in the chick embryo? Will such create subsequent advantages for heavy broilers coping with adverse hot conditions? 3. What are the changes that occur in the PO/AH that induce the changes in the threshold response for heat production/heat loss based on the concept of epigenetic temperature adaptation? The original objectives of this study were as follow: a. to assess the improvement of thermotolerance efficiency and carcass quality of heavy broilers (~4 kg); b. toimproveperipheral vascularization and angiogenesis that improve sensible heat loss (SHL); c. to study the changes in the PO/AH thermoregulatory response for heat production/losscaused by modulating incubation temperature. To reach the goals: a. the effect of TM on performance and thermotolerance of broilers reared to 10 wk of age was studied. b. the effect of preincubation heating with an elevated temperature during the 1ˢᵗ 3 to 5 d of incubation in the presence of modified fresh air flow coupled with changes in turning frequency was elucidated; c.the effect of elevated temperature on vasculogenesis and angiogenesis was determined using in ovo and whole embryo chick culture as well as HIF-1α VEGF-α2 VEGF-R, FGF-2, and Gelatinase A (MMP2) gene expression. The effects on peripheral blood system of post-hatch chicks was determined with an infrared thermal imaging technique; c. the expression of BDNF was determined during the development of the thermal control set-point in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH). Background to the topic: Rapid growth rate has presented broiler chickens with seriousdifficulties when called upon to efficiently thermoregulate in hot environmental conditions. Being homeotherms, birds are able to maintain their body temperature (Tb) within a narrow range. An increase in Tb above the regulated range, as a result of exposure to environmental conditions and/or excessive metabolic heat production that often characterize broiler chickens, may lead to a potentially lethal cascade of irreversible thermoregulatory events. Exposure to temperature fluctuations during the perinatal period has been shown to lead to epigenetic temperature adaptation. The mechanism for this adaptation was based on the assumption that environmental factors, especially ambient temperature, have a strong influence on the determination of the “set-point” for physiological control systems during “critical developmental phases.” Recently, Piestunet al. (2008) demonstrated for the first time that TM (an elevated incubation temperature of 39.5°C for 12 h/d from E7 to E16) during the development/maturation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-thyroid axis (thermoregulation) and the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal axis (stress) significantly improved the thermotolerance and performance of broilers at 35 d of age. These phenomena raised two questions that were addressed in this project: 1. was it possible to detect changes leading to the determination of the “set point”; 2. Did TM have a similar long lasting effect (up to 70 d of age)? 3. Did other TM combinations (pre-heating and heating during the 1ˢᵗ 3 to 5 d of incubation) coupled with changes in turning frequency have any performance effect? The improved thermotolerance resulted mainly from an efficient capacity to reduce heat production and the level of stress that coincided with an increase in SHL (Piestunet al., 2008; 2009). The increase in SHL (Piestunet al., 2009) suggested an additional positive effect of TM on vasculogenesis and angiogensis. 4. In order to sustain or even improve broiler performance, TM during the period of the chorioallantoic membrane development was thought to increase vasculogenesis and angiogenesis providing better vasodilatation and by that SHL post-hatch.