Relevant bibliographies by topics / Axilla

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Axilla'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Axilla"

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Das, Subhabrata, Sulata Choudhury, Siba Prasad Dash, V. Rajesh, and Chandan Das. "A prospective study to evaluate the axilla in cases of breast carcinoma to exclude axillary lymph node dissection in sentinel lymph node negative cases." Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 1 (April 15, 2023): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.047.

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Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become standard to stage the axilla in cases of clinically and Ultrasound negative axilla avoiding unnecessary axillary Lymph node dissection which is associated with higher morbidity in patients 1. The Primary objective is to preoperatively detect axillary metastasis in USG confirmed node negative axilla and perform Sentinel Lymph node Biopsy, 2. To negate the need for axillary lymph node dissection and biopsy in the treatment of breast cancer patients with sentinel node negative A total number of 80 patients with core needle biopsy proved were subjected to USG of Breast and axilla. The patients who had suspicious features in USG axilla were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. The patient having positive (metastasis) over USG guided FNAC were subjected to ALND and those patients with USG guided FNAC Negative and Normal USG Axilla i.e. No suspicious over USG were subjected to SLNB using blue dye. The SLNB negative cases were followed up with Adjuvant Chemotherapy and every 3months in combination with sonography of the breast and the axilla. Mammograms, X-ray and abdominal sonography performed annually. All 80 biopsy proven patients were subjected to USG. From which 32 patients had suspicious of metastatic deposits which were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. Rest 48 patients Normal Axilla. From 32 suspicious patients undergone USG Guided FNAC 15 showed deposits in Axilla which were subjected to ALND. Rest 17 Negative under USG guided FNAC along with 48 Normal Axilla patients were subjected to blue dye SLNB i.e., Total of 65 cases. i). From these 65 cases which undergone SLNB 4 cases (23.5%) showed metastatic deposit in USG guided FNAC Negative cases (17 total cases) and 8 cases (16.6%) showed metastatic deposit in USG Normal Axilla (48 Total cases) in frozen section. Which brings total SLNB of 18.4% (12 out of 65 cases). ii). These 12 cases were subjected to Axillary Lymph node dissection. The Final HPE study showed 100% metastatic deposits. iii). Remaining 53 cases were followed up for a period of 12 months. No local or Axillary recurrence could be observed in 53 patients who underwent SLNB without ALND. Short term results were very promising with combination of USG along with SLNB without ALND in SLNB negative cases and holds a strong future perspective.
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Santosh, Tummidi, Manoj K. Patro, and Nagiredla Puneeta. "Fibroadenoma in axillary breast tissue - Utility of rapid on-site evaluation & report of two cases." Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 19, no. 7 (2023): 2056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1182_21.

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ABSTRACT Fibroadenoma of axillary breast tissue presents as a palpable mass, cyclic pain in the axilla, and with asthetic concerns. Axillary breast tissue can occur anywhere along the primitive embryonic milk lines, extending from the axilla to the groin, and can present unilaterally or bilaterally. The reported incidence of axillary breast tissue is 0.4%–6% in females. We had two cases of fibroadenoma in the axilla that were diagnosed on rapid on-site evaluation and later confirmed by routine cytology stains in young females. We report the cases for their rarity and high degree of clinical suspicion in the young reproductive age group female. We also emphasize the utility of ROSE in cytopathology.
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Goyal, Amit, Bruce Mann, and Alastair Mark Thompson. "Undissected Axilla and Axillary Radiotherapy." JAMA Oncology 5, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.0031.

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Shojaku, Hiroko, Kyo Noguchi, Tetsuya Kamei, Yasuko Tanada, Kouichi Yoshida, Yasuko Adachi, and Kazuhiro Matsui. "CT Findings of Axillary Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis: A Case Detected by Breast Cancer Screening Examination." Case Reports in Radiology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9016517.

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We report the first description of CT findings of axillary tuberculous lymphadenitis confirmed by the pathological specimen. The breast cancer screening examination is one of the prime methods of detection of axillary tuberculous lymphadenitis. The most common site of axillary tuberculous lymphadenitis is the deep axilla. Screening mammography often fails to cover the whole axilla. The presence on the contrast-enhanced CT of unilateral multiple circumscribed dense nodes, some of which have large and dotted calcifications, might suggest tuberculous lymphadenitis in axillary region.
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Gibbons, Ciara Ellen, Cecily Mary Quinn, and David Gibbons. "Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Management of the Axilla in Primary Breast Carcinoma." Acta Cytologica 63, no. 4 (2019): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496159.

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Context: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is frequently used to stage the axilla preoperatively in patients with primary breast carcinoma. In the light of the ACOSOG-Z0011 and AMAROS trials that specified sentinel lymph node biopsy as an inclusion criterion, the role of FNAB in axillary staging is changing. Objective: This article will review the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB in staging of the axilla in patients with primary breast carcinoma. The efficacy of axillary FNAB compared with core-needle biopsy will be evaluated. The evolving approach to staging of the axilla, in the light of ACOSOG-Z0011 and AMAROS trials, will be discussed. Data Sources: Data were sourced from published peer-reviewed articles in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) and published guidelines including the European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Breast Cancer and those from the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), Union for International Cancer (UICC), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the American Society of Breast Surgeons. Conclusions: FNAB of the axilla is almost 100% specific with a sensitivity between 40 and 90%. A positive FNAB reduces the need for a second axillary procedure by up to 20% with reduced morbidity and cost. The recent ACOSOG-Z0011 and AMAROS trials have reduced the use of FNAB axilla in American protocols, but it remains the standard of care in Europe.
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Mamounas, P. "Abstract ES8-3: Refining axillary management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy - what does the evidence support." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): ES8–3—ES8–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-es8-3.

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Abstract The surgical management of the axilla in patients with operable breast cancer has undergone significant evolution over the past 25 years. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), the undisputed standard since the end of the 19th century, has largely been replaced by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in most patients with clinically negative axilla with considerable reduction in axillary morbidity. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been increasingly used in early-stage breast cancer, particularly in patients with triple-negative and HER-2 neu positive tumors. Rates of sterilization of involved axillary lymph nodes with NAC in appropriately selected patients have been steadily increasing with the adoption of more effective NAC regimens. Adoption of SLNB after NAC has lagged behind that of upfront SLNB. Recent data support the feasibility and accuracy of the procedure after NAC in patients who present with clinically negative axilla. Although the accuracy of SLNB is lower after NAC in patients who present with documented involvement of the axilla, identification and removal of the previously biopsied axillary lymph node(s) in addition to performing SLNB (“targeted axillary dissection”) greatly improves the accuracy to levels equivalent to those with upfront SLNB. Citation Format: P Mamounas. Refining axillary management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy - what does the evidence support [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES8-3.
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Rai, B. K., and Dr Shashikar. "The cysticercosis in muscles is one of the causes of lumps in human." Health Renaissance 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2012): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i2.6591.

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Introduction: Cysticercosis is commonly encountered in this part of the world. It can manifest in many different form. Objective: To report a case of cysticercosis which presented with a lump in axilla. Case: A 36 year old man from Dharan presented with the chief complaint of lump in the right axilla for 9 months and two lumps in left axilla for 3 months. The onset of lump was insidious and gradually progressive in nature. The examination revealed a single mass in the medial surface of right upper arm, approximately 3x3cm in size, not fixed with the skin, slightly movable and mildly tender and another two masses around 1x2 cm in left axilla with similar characteristics as the right one. The ultrasonography showed heterogenous lesion measuring 27mm x 18 mm in medial aspect of right upper arm and two similar lesions measuring 14.5 x11mm and 11 x 10 mm in left axilla suggesting "Cysticercosis". The lumps were surgically removed successfully. Conclusion: Cysticercosis is one of the causes of lump in axillay region. It can be diagnosed ultrasonographically and treated by surgical removal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i2.6591 Health Renaissance 2012; Vol 10 (No.2); 160-161
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Bennani, Mounia, Rhizlane Chaoui, Sara Elloudi, Zakia Douhi, Hanane BayBay, and Fatima Zahra Mernissi. "Axillary basal cell carcinoma: New case report." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 3, no. 4 (March 13, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/058.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, but significant differences exist in its incidence in the various anatomical locations. Unusual sites include the axillae, breasts, perianal area, genitalia, palms, and soles the axilla is one of the most sun-protected body sites and represents a rare location at which BCC develops, up to 2014, 70 cases of axillary BCC were reported in 69 patients (4) then in 2017, 6 new cases were reported in a Japanese study out of a total of 333 CBC, probably the real incidence is underestimated because no systematic study of axillary BCC has generally been conducted.
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Gatphoh, Soram Gayatri, Badrinath Venkatesh, and Khagokpam Ambala Devi. "Cytopathological Spectrum of Lesions in the Axilla - A Population Based Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 32 (August 9, 2021): 2988–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/545.

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BACKGROUND The axilla is a triangular space between the lateral wall of thorax and the upper part of arm. The component of axilla can give rise to different diseases ranging from developmental and reactive to neoplastic. Various mesenchymal tissues present in the axilla can give rise to different lesions. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a safe, quick, easy, and a cheap diagnostic tool to decipher the benign or the malignant nature of the swelling. Imaging techniques and FNAC, both used individually or coupled, improve the accuracy of diagnosis and help in avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures. The most common lymph node lesion in axilla is benign reactive lymph node hyperplasia. It is caused by inflammation of the lymph nodes or the adjacent organs, such as the breast or lung. METHODS The present study is a retrospective review of swellings aspirated from axillary region. FNAC was performed following strict aseptic precautions. Inadequate aspirates were excluded from the study. The aspirated sample was blown on clean glass slides and smears were made using squash preparation. Smears were fixed using air dried and alcohol fixation method. Smears were stained with Giemsa stain, and the alcohol - fixed smears were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou stains. Cytological smears were evaluated for adequacy, cellularity, type of cells, arrangement of cells and nuclear as well as cytoplasmic features. RESULTS A total of 191 axillary swelling were aspirated during the study period. Out of which 148 (77.5 %) cases were females and 43 (22.5 %) cases were males. Most common lesion was lipoma followed by axillary tail of breast. CONCLUSIONS Various pathological processes may affect the axilla. There is overlap in the imaging findings of these diseases. FNAC is a diagnostic tool which is required for conformation of diagnosis of axillary lesions. KEYWORDS Axillary Swelling, Fine Needle Aspiration, Lipoma
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Abasaheb Madhukar Tidake, Anagha S Varudkar, and Balaji Shankarrao Mane. "A prospective audit to assess the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or low axillary sampling in clinicoradiologically node-negative axilla for early breast carcinoma." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 12 (December 1, 2023): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i12.57240.

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Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) dissection was designed to minimize side effects of lymph node surgery but still offer outcomes of axillary lymph node dissection. Aims and Objectives: Our study is designed to determine whether SLN resection achieves the same therapeutics outcome as complete axillary dissection but with fewer side effects for node-negative axilla in clinicoradiologically operable breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Duration-based prospective observational study was carried out at the General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad with a duration of 2 ½ years from July 2019 to January 2022. A total of 36 patients of breast cancers with stages T1-T2, N0 with clinically and radiologically negative axilla from July 2019 to January 2022 duration were included in our study. Results: When the histopathological status of axillary lymph nodes was compared to the histopathology of SLNs it was seen that out of 36 patients, the histopathology of sentinel node was positive in 10 patients (10/36) however the rest of the axilla was positive in 6 cases and negative in 4 cases and the histopathology sentinel node was negative in 26 patients out of 36 cases (26/36) however the rest of the axilla was also negative in 24 cases and positive in 2 cases. Conclusion: SLN biopsy using methylene blue dye alone is a highly reliable and predictable technique to stage the axilla in breast cancer patients as this study shown a low false-negative rate (7.69%). This technique may help to avoid complete axillary lymph node dissection in sentinel node-negative patients thereby minimizing the morbidity of axillary lymph node dissection. This study demonstrates that sentinel node localization is possible with methylene blue dye alone.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Axilla"

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Lambah, P. A. "Lymphatic mapping and the axilla in primary breast cancer." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24804.

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Assessment of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer is a collaborative exercise between surgeons and pathologists that continues to provoke debate. A positive result for lymph node metastases is the primary determinant for subsequent therapy decisions. At present wide variation exists in the surgical approach to the axilla ranging from a complete level III clearance of all axillary nodes to no treatment in some centres. The technique of sentinel node biopsy has recently been suggested as a less invasive method of staging the axilla sparing the morbidity associated with an axillary clearance. Despite existing guidelines for the histological processing and reporting of lymph nodes in the UK, practices continue to demonstrate considerable variation within and out with these guidelines. New ways of staining lymph nodes, such as immunohistochemistry are reported to improve on the sensitivity of conventional haematoxylin and eosin in the detection of lymph node metastases but are not considered standard practice in most pathology laboratories. The optimal surgical and histopathological management of the axilla needs clarifying to allow correct selection of patients for adjuvant treatments. The chapters of this thesis present the results of a group of related studies examining existing and new methods of surgical and histopathological assessment of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. The long-term results of randomised trials of 866 patients comparing a level III axillary node clearance to a non-targeted four-node axillary sample reveal no difference in long-term survival between the two procedures after a median follow up of 8.2 years. Axillary recurrence appears to be more frequent following an axillary node sample than after an axillary clearance. A two-phase, randomised Multicentre trial (the ALMANAC trial) is currently aiming to validate the role of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer patients in the United Kingdom. The early results of 153 patients recruited into the ALMANAC trial by Edinburgh Breast Unit suggest that sentinel node biopsy is an accurate and reliable method of staging the axilla in T1-2 node-negative breast cancer with minimal morbidity. Accurate intraoperative assessment of sampled lymph nodes allows a surgeon to decide whether or not to proceed immediately to a full axillary clearance in nodepositive patients without the need for a second operation. Imprint cytology is reported to improve upon frozen section histology in the intraoperative detection of lymph node metastases. Imprint cytology of 238 freshly examined lymph nodes from 53 patients with and without immunohistochemistry suggests the technique is at least as accurate as frozen section histology and can be useful in the intraoperative assessment of axillary lymph nodes. The prognostic significance of occult lymph node metastases (or micrometastases) is uncertain. Lymph nodes from 26 node-negative patients who developed axillary recurrence and from 26 patients who developed no axillary recurrence found no clinical significance for axillary lymph node micrometastases after examination by immunohistochemistry.
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Ödborn, Sofia. "The Science of Deodorants." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255614.

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Deodorants are cosmetic products that are consumed by people regularly and globally. In this thesis, the opportunities to develop a deodorant for the Swedish cosmetics brand IDUN Minerals AB is investigated. The deodorant market in Swedish pharmacies, deodorant formulation and deodorant packaging are studied. Furthermore, controversial ingredients, such as synthetic aluminum compounds, are explored. The scientific aspects of using synthetic aluminum compounds, which are used as antiperspirant in deodorants, are investigated. There is a general fear that they may increasethe risk of developing breast cancer. However, after a full review of exciting scientific evidence, it is clear that there is currently no study that can prove or disprove the suspicions. The use of aluminum-based antiperspirants therefore continues to be a controversial topic. The conclusion of this thesis is that there is a market opening for IDUN Minerals, especially since they aim for a synthetic aluminum-free, unperfumed and preservative-free deodorant. Furthermore, it is concluded that a Nordic Swan Ecolabel would make their product uniquein its product category. Lastly, it is determined that traditional plastic packaging is more accessible and possesses many favorable properties, but that bioplastics should be further researched.
Deodoranter är kosmetiska produkter som dagligen används av människor världen över. I denna rapport undersöks möjligheterna att implementera en deodorant i det svenska kosmetikföretaget IDUN Minerals AB:s produktsortiment. I rapporten kartläggs deodorantsortimentet på svenska apotek, samtidigt som deodoranters innehåll och paketering undersökts. Vidare granskas kontroversiella ingredienser, såsom syntetiska aluminiumföreningar. Syntetiska aluminiumföreningar, vilka används som antiperspiranter i deodoranter, misstänks öka risken för bröstcancer hos människor. Efter en fullständig genomgång av befintliga studier kan det dock fastställas att det inte finns någon studie som kan bevisa eller motbevisa misstankarna. Användningen av aluminiumbaserade antiperspiranter fortsätter därför att vara ett kontroversiellt ämne. Slutsatsen av denna rapport är att det finns en marknadsöppning för IDUN Minerals, särskilt eftersom företaget strävar mot en deodorant utan syntetiska aluminumsalter, parfym eller konserveringsmedel. Dessutom kan slutsatsen dras att en eventuell Svanen-märkning skulle göra deodoranten unik i sin produktkategori. Slutligen har det fastställts att traditionella plastförpackningar är mer tillgängliga och att de erbjuder fördelaktiga egenskaper, men att bioplaster fortfarande bör undersökas ytterligare.
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Устянський, Олег Олексійович, Олег Алексеевич Устянский, Oleh Oleksiiovych Ustianskii, В. В. Богданов, and Є. В. Козік. "Методика препарування пахвової ямки." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31870.

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Пахвова ділянка є об`єктом оперативного втручання під час операцій на грудній залозі, гідрагенітах, проксимальному епіфізі плечової кістки, плечовому суглобі та ін. При відведеній верхній кінцівці вона набуває форму ямки. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31870
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McQueen, Rachel, and n/a. "Axillary odour in apparel textiles." University of Otago. Department of Clothing and Textile Sciences, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070307.120703.

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The axilla is a major source of human body odour from which the characteristic musky, urinous or acidic odours emanate, and are predominantly due to bacterial metabolism of the protein-rich fluid secreted by the apocrine and sebaceous glands located in this area (Senol and Fireman, 1999). Clothing has been implicated in contributing to body odour intensity, possibly even increasing the intensity (Dravnieks, et al., 1968; Shelley, et al., 1953) by the transfer of secretions, skin debris and bacteria from the body to the fabric substrate. Despite much anecdotal evidence indicating that some fibres and fabrics are better at limiting odour intensity than others, there appears to be no published research confirming this. The purpose of this study therefore, was to determine whether fabrics varying in fibre content (cotton, wool, polyester) and fabric knit structure (interlock, single jersey, 1x1 rib) differed in the extent to which they retained and emanated axillary odour following wear, and whether the intensity of odour was linked to the number of bacteria transferred to the fabrics. A procedure for collecting odour on fabrics was developed as was a method for evaluating odour through use of a sensory panel. Total aerobic bacteria and aerobic coryneform bacteria extracted from the fabrics were counted to determine if an association between bacterial counts and fabrics existed. Sensory analysis recognises the unique capability of humans as odour-detecting instruments whereas, instrumental analysis has the potential to offer information on the concentration and identification of axillary compounds, which a human assessor cannot. To investigate a new method for detecting axillary odour on apparel fabrics, proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) was used to analyse volatiles emitted from fabrics differing in fibre type. After removal of garments from the human body, axillary odour can be detected on fabrics, with the intensity of odour being strongly influenced by the fibre type from which the fabrics had been made. Polyester fabrics emanated odour of high intensity, cotton that of mid-low odour intensity, and wool fabrics were low odour. Fabric structural properties such as thickness, mass per unit area and openness of knit structure also had an effect on odour intensity. However, as the principal factor influencing odour intensity was fibre, only fabrics characterised by a high intensity (i.e. polyester) were influenced by structural properties. Differences in odour intensity among fabrics were not necessarily related to bacterial numbers, and no �inherent antimicrobial� properties were evident for any of the fabrics. Bacterial populations persisted in all fabrics up to 28 days. A decline in numbers was apparent for high-odour polyester fabrics, while numbers in low-odour wool fabrics remained relatively stable. PTR-MS detected compounds likely to be short-chain carboxylic acids which increased in the headspace above the polyester fabrics after 7 days. However, this increase was not evident for either the wool or cotton fabrics. Therefore, bacterial numbers per se cannot be a predictor of the odour intensity emanating from fabrics at least on the basis of these fabrics and fibres. The intensity of axillary odour emanating from fabrics was found inversely related to fibre hygroscopicity. Keywords:fibre content, fabric structure, axillary odour, sensory analysis, bacteria, corynebacteria, instrumental analysis, PTR-MS
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Ahlgren, Johan. "Studies on Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Status in Invasive Breast Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5221-3/.

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Mohammad, Farid [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Rübe. "Analyse der Dosisverteilung in der ipsilateralen Axilla bei zwei intensitätsmodulierten Bestrahlungsmethoden der Brust : Sequenzieller Boost versus simultan integrierter Boost / Farid Mohammad ; Betreuer: Christian Rübe." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205314482/34.

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Matheus, Carolina Nascimben 1980. "Avaliação do fluxo sanguíneo do membro superior de mulheres submetidas a abordagem axilar para tratamento do câncer de mama : Blood flow in the superior limbs of women with breast cancer undergoing a surgical approach to the axilla." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312844.

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Orientador: Luís Otávio Zanatta Sarian
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Matheus_CarolinaNascimben_D.pdf: 2850729 bytes, checksum: fd170a425e039c6e8f1324b637393c8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: Objetivo: Esta tese visou avaliar os parâmetros vasculares arteriais e venosos dos vasos axilares e braquiais em mulheres submetidas a tratamento para câncer de mama. Subdividimos estas avaliações conforme os objetivos abordados em duas publicações, respectivamente: 1) Comparar aos parâmetros de circulação venosa e arterial nos vasos axilares e braquiais em função do tipo de abordagem cirúrgica da axila (BLS ou LAT) em até seis meses após a intervenção. 2) Identificar os fatores que influenciam os parâmetros vasculares da veias axilares e braquiais ipsilaterais à cirurgia para tratamento do câncer de mama. Métodos: Foram identificadas 547 pacientes consecutivas, submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico para câncer de mama entre agosto de 2012 e janeiro de 2014. Depois de seguir critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 197 mulheres foram recrutadas. O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética do hospital e todos os pacientes assinaram o termo de consentimento informado. Os critérios de inclusão foram 1) câncer da mama primário operável 2) abordagem axilar cirúrgica; 3) não ter sido submetida a reconstrução da mama. Os critérios de exclusão foram 1) câncer de mama bilateral, 2) história prévia de procedimentos cirúrgicos para um dos membros superiores ou no tórax, 3) comprometimento ortopédico ou neurológico de um dos membros superiores, 4) insuficiência renal ou cardíaca. Todas as pacientes responderam a um breve questionário sobre suas características clínicas e epidemiológicas. Foi então realizada avaliação ultrassonográfica dos vasos braquiais e axilares, bilateralmente, nos seguintes momentos: no dia anterior à cirurgia e 1, 3, 6 e 12 meses após a cirurgia. No primeiro artigo, comparamos os parâmetros arteriais e venosos, até seis meses após a cirurgia, em função da realização de dissecção linfática completa ou linfonodo sentinela; no segundo, restringimos as análises ao sistema venoso e estendemos a avaliação para até 1 ano após a cirurgia, comparando os parâmetros vasculares em função de características clínicas e epidemiológicas das pacientes e das modalidades de tratamentos utilizados. Resultados: Foram encontradas restrições de diâmetro em veias do braço ipsilateral ao câncer de mama de mulheres submetidas à dissecção axilar (LAT), efeito que não foi observado no grupo BLS. A área da secção transversal de veias braquial e axilar diminuiu progressivamente até seis meses, com a redução do fluxo sanguíneo concomitante destes vasos. Encontramos, na mulher sem linfedema, que a área de secção transversal e fluxo venoso do sangue (especialmente veia braquial) são negativamente afetados pela cirurgia e / ou quimioterapia / radioterapia. Este efeito prejudicial parece persistir até um ano. Não houve diferença significativa em nenhum dos parâmetros estudados entre os vasos ipsi e contralaterais ao câncer de mama. Conclusões: De maneira geral, nosso estudo demonstra que os tratamentos cirúrgicos, especialmente LAT, e a radio e quimioterapia, possuem efeitos deletérios sobre a circulação sanguínea dos vasos axilares e braquiais, sobretudo venosos. Esses efeitos são aparentemente permanentes e há necessidade de extensão do tempo de follow-up a fim de avaliar se o desenvolvimento subsequente de linfedema ocorrerá em associação às alterações vasculares
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the arterial and venous vascular parameters of the axillary and brachial vessels in women who underwent treatment for breast cancer. We subdivided these assessments according to the following objectives, in two publications: 1) To compare the venous and arterial vascular parameters in the axillary vessels and brachial depending on the type of axillary surgical approach (SLNB or ALND) within six months after the intervention. 2) To identify which factors influence the vascular parameters of axillary and brachial veins ipsilateral to surgical for treatment of breast cancer. Methods: We identified 547 consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment for breast cancer between August 2012 and January 2014. After following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 197 women were recruited. The project was approved by the hospital's ethics committee and all patients signed an informed consent form. Inclusion criteria were 1) primary operable breast cancer 2) surgical axillary approach; 3) not having undergone breast reconstruction. Exclusion criteria were 1) bilateral breast cancer, 2) history of previous surgical procedures for one of the upper limbs or breast, 3) orthopedic or neurological impairment of one upper limb, 4) kidney or heart failure. All patients completed a brief questionnaire about their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Then we performed Doppler ultrasonography evaluation of axillary and brachial vessels, bilaterally, at the following times: the day before surgery and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. In the first article, we compared the arterial and venous parameters, up to six months after surgery, depending on SLNB or ALND; in the second, we restricted the analysis to the venous system and extend the evaluation for up to 1 year after surgery, comparing the vascular parameters with clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients and treatment modalities used. Results: diameter restrictions were found in the ipsilateral veins of the arm in women with breast cancer undergoing ALND, and that effect was not observed in SLNB group. The cross sectional area of brachial and axillary veins progressively decreased up to six months, with concomitant reduction of blood flow to these vessels. In women with no lymphedema, the cross-sectional area and venous blood flow (especially brachial vein) are negatively affected by surgery and / or chemotherapy / radiotherapy. This detrimental effect seems to persist up to one year. There was no significant difference on studied parameters between ipsilateral and contralateral vessels to breast cancer. Conclusions: In essence, our study shows that surgical treatments, especially ALND, and the radiation and chemotherapy, have deleterious effects on blood circulation of the axillary and brachial vessels, especially venous. These effects are apparently permanent, prompting the extension of the follow-up evaluation in order to assess whether subsequent lymphedema formation will be associated with vascular abnormalities
Doutorado
Oncologia Ginecológica e Mamária
Doutora em Ciências da Saúde
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Ishida, Luís Henrique. ""Estudo anatômico comparativo entre o retalho escapular e o retalho perfurante da artéria toracodorsal"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-16102006-133859/.

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Desde a primeira descrição do retalho perfurante de artéria toracodorsal (TAP), sua indicação tem sido questionada por se tratar de um retalho de características semelhantes aos retalhos fasciocutâneos escapulares baseados na artéria circunflexa escapular, que são bem conhecidos e reprodutíveis. Este estudo visa comparar características anatômicas destes dois retalhos, distinguindo-os para uma melhor indicação. Adicionalmente o estudo visa estudar o posicionamento do pedículo perfurante do retalho TAP. Vinte e um pares de retalhos (TAP e escapular) foram dissecados simultaneamente em cadáveres frescos. Os músculos latíssimo do dorso e redondo maior foram seccionados e os dois retalhos foram retirados em peça única. O comprimento do pedículo, diâmetro externo da artéria e da veia, espessura da derme e espessura do tecido celular subcutâneo de ambos os retalhos foram avaliados e comparados de forma pareada. A localização dos pedículos dos retalhos foi avaliada em ambos os retalhos. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente através do teste t de Student. O retalho TAP apresentou um pedículo com média de 16,95 cm de comprimento, sendo 50% maior que o do retalho escapular (p<0,05). A espessura média da derme foi 2,12 mm, sendo 42% mais fina do que a do retalho escapular; e a do tecido subcutâneo foi 1,37 cm, sendo 28% mais fina do que a do retalho escapular (p<0,05). O pedículo do retalho TAP apresentou artéria com diâmetro médio de 3,14 mm e veia com diâmetro médio de 3,03 mm, enquanto o pedículo do retalho escapular apresentou artéria com diâmetro médio de 3,33 mm e veia com diâmetro médio de 2,95mm, ambos sem diferenças estatísticas. Nas dissecções estudadas, todos os pedículos dos retalhos escapulares se localizavam no “espaço triangular”. Já a localização dos pedículos perfurantes do retalho TAP não apresentou nenhum parâmetro constante. O estudo demonstrou que, apesar de se localizarem em sítios anatômicos adjacentes, o retalho TAP possui um pedículo mais longo e sua pele é mais fina do que o retalho escapular. Por outro lado, o posicionamento do pedículo do retalho escapular é constante, enquanto o pedículo perfurante do retalho TAP possui localização variável.
Indication of the thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAP) flap has been questioned because its characteristics are similar to those of scapular flaps based on the scapular circumflex artery. The scope of this study is to compare the anatomic features of these two flaps, differentiating them for a better indication. Twenty-one pairs of flaps (TAP and scapular) were dissected simultaneously in fresh cadavers. The length of the pedicles, thickness of the arteries and veins of the pedicles, and the thickness of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the flaps were assessed and compared. The position of the pedicles of both flaps was evaluated. The average length of the TAP flap pedicle was 16.95 cm, and it was 50% longer than the scapular flap (p<0.05). The mean thickness of the dermis was 2.12 mm and of the subcutaneous tissue 1.37 cm, respectively 42% and 28% thinner than the scapular flaps (p<0.05). No significant difference was evident between the thicknesses of the pedicles. The TAP arterial pedicle was 3.14 mm and the venous one 3.03 mm. The scapular flap demonstrated a 3.33 mm arterial pedicle and 2.95 mm for the venous one. The evaluation of the position of the pedicle of the scapular flap was constant; on the other hand, the perforator pedicle of the TAP flap did not show any constant anatomical parameter. The study revealed that although the TAP flap and the scapular flap lie in adjacent anatomical areas, the TAP flap has a longer pedicle and a thinner skin; their vascular pedicles have similar thickness; though the position of the thoracodorsal perforator pedicle is variable, when compared with the scapular flap.
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Cassarisi, Dina. "Analisar o efeito de diferentes abordagens fisioterapêuticas no tratamento da Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS): revisão bibliográfica." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10181.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Fisioterapia
Introdução: a Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS) é uma condição comum que ocorre em mulheres submetidas a linfadenectomia axilar ipsilateral de um ou mais nódulos, caracterizada por “cordões” de tecido tenso que impacta na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: analisar o efeito de diferentes abordagens fisioterapêuticas no tratamento da AWS. Metodologia: foi efetuada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados da PubMed, PEDro, Web Of Science e EBSCO para identificar estudos com abordagens fisioterapêuticas na AWS. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi analisada através da Escala de PEDro, obtendo uma média de 5.8/10. Resultados: a presente revisão bibliográfica incluiu 6 artigos, com um total de 688 mulheres adultas. Após a execução de diversas técnicas terapêuticas verificou-se uma melhoria na funcionalidade do ombro, dor e qualidade de vida. Conclusão: a fisioterapia pode atuar na AWS precocemente utilizando técnicas de libertação miofascial, drenagem linfática manual, kinesiotaping e exercício terapêutico, tanto de um modo isolado como combinando técnicas.
Introduction: a Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS) is a common condition that occurs in women undergoing ipsilateral axillary lymphadenectomy of one or more nodules, characterized by tense tissue “cords” that impact life’s quality. Objective: to analyse the effect of different physiotherapeutic approaches on the treatment of AWS. Methodology: A survey was conducted in the databases of PubMed, PEDro Web Of Science to identify and EBSCO studies with physiotherapeutic approaches in AWS. The methodological quality of studies was analysed by PEDro Scale, averaging 5.8/10. Results: this bibliographic review includes 6 articles, with a total of 688 female adults. After the execution of several therapeutic techniques there was an improvement in the functionality of the shoulder, pain and life’s quality. Conclusion: physiotherapy can act in AWS early using myofascial release techniques, manual lymphatic drainage, kinesiotaping and therapeutic exercise, both in isolation and with the combination of these.
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Filho, José Hernandes Lopes. "Ontogênese do complexo de gemas em Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) e expressão de PasAP1, ortólogo de APETALA1." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-17072015-084101/.

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A axila foliar em Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) apresenta uma estrutura complexa: de um mesmo ponto parecem surgir flores e gavinhas, além de uma gema vegetativa também estar presente. A origem da gavinha foi interpretada de diferentes maneiras ao longo da história, sendo considerada desde modificações de um ramo até uma flor. Além disso, a ontogenia dessas estruturas tem início em um único meristema axilar, que geralmente é descrito como capaz de se dividir em dois ou mais meristemas (chamado de \"complexo de gemas\"), cada qual dando origem a uma estrutura diferente (gavinhas e flores). Estudos de expressão gênica demonstram a presença do ortólogo do gene LEAFY de Arabidopsis, em meristemas axilares, florais e de gavinhas, em duas espécies de Passiflora. Esse gene é tipicamente relacionado à transição de fase vegetativa para reprodutiva em diversas angiospermas. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou descrever em detalhes a ontogenia das diferentes estruturas originadas no meristema axilar de diferentes espécies, focando em diferentes fases de vida da planta, bem como averiguar a expressão de ortólogos de APETALA1 (AP1), um gene tipicamente relacionado à identidade de meristemas florais e na determinação de sépalas e pétalas. Como resultado, propomos uma nova interpretação para a ontogenia do complexo de gemas, baseada na produção de brácteas e seus meristemas associados. Demonstramos também que o ortólogo de AP1 se expressa de maneira mais ampla do que aquela encontrada no modelo Arabidopsis, possivelmente desempenhando diversas funções relacionadas à manutenção da indeterminação celular.
The leaf axil in Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) bears a complex structure: a tendril and one or more flowers seem to arise from the same growing point. In addition, vegetative bud is also present. There are many different interpretations for the origin of the tendril in this group, ranging from modifications of flowers to side shoots. Also, the ontogeny of these structures is often understood as a single meristem which subdivides into a bud complex, comprising the tendril and flower meristems. Recently, the expression of the LEAFY ortholog was demonstrated in the axillary, tendril and floral meristems of two Passiflora species. In Arabidopsis and many angiosperms, this gene is responsible for the shift between vegetative and reproductive phase. Therefore, the present work aimed to describe, in detail, the ontogeny of the bud complex in Passiflora species belonging to different subgenera, including different life stages. The expression of the ortholog of APETALA1, a gene typically related to floral meristem identity and sepal/petal specification was also assessed. As results, we propose a different interpretation for the ontogeny of the bud complex, based on the production of bracts and their associated meristems by the original axillary meristem, which then turns into the tendril meristem. We also demonstrate that expression of AP1 is much broader than that of the Arabidopsis model, and possibly have many other functions related to cell indeterminacy.
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Books on the topic "Axilla"

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Soran, Atilla, and Faina Nakhlis, eds. Management of the Breast and Axilla in the Neoadjuvant Setting. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88020-0.

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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ed. Breasts and axillae. 4th ed. [Philadelphia]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.

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Gussen, Benjamen. Axial Shift. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6950-6.

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Union, American Geophysical, ed. Axial seamount. [Washington, D.C.]: American Geophysical Union, 1990.

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Virgin, Lawrence N. Vibration of axially loaded structures. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Hong, Keum-Shik, Li-Qun Chen, Phuong-Tung Pham, and Xiao-Dong Yang. Control of Axially Moving Systems. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2915-0.

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Banichuk, Nikolay, Alexander Barsuk, Juha Jeronen, Tero Tuovinen, and Pekka Neittaanmäki. Stability of Axially Moving Materials. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23803-2.

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C. A. M. Marcelis-van Acker. Axillary bud development in rose. Wageningen: [s.n.], 1994.

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Erro, Luis Enrique. Axioma: El pensamiento matemático contemporáneo. México: Dirección de Difusión Cultural, Departamento Editorial, 1985.

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1930-, Borge Tomás, ed. El axioma de la esperanza. Caracas, Venezuela: Ediciones CENTAURO, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Axilla"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Axilla." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_926.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Digit V – Wrist, Elbow, Axilla; Wrist – Elbow, Axilla." In The Ulnar Nerve, 17–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43292-2_3.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Digit II – Wrist, Elbow, Axilla; Wrist – Elbow, Axilla." In The Median Nerve, 13–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10476-8_3.

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Kilburn-Toppin, Fleur. "Imaging the Axilla." In Breast Imaging, 271–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94918-1_13.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Wrist – Arm, Axilla; Below Elbow – Axilla; Digit V – Arm." In The Ulnar Nerve, 117–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43292-2_17.

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Polotto, Susanna, Nicola Rocco, and Giuseppe Catanuto. "Defining an N0 Axilla: Pre-SNB Assessment of the Axilla." In Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer, 17–38. New Delhi: Springer India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3994-9_3.

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Galimberti, Viviana. "Management of the Axilla." In Breast Cancer, 357–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_26.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Wrist – Elbow; Elbow – Axilla." In The Ulnar Nerve, 155–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43292-2_23.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Wrist, Elbow, Axilla – Hand." In The Ulnar Nerve, 171–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43292-2_25.

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Gentili, Giuliano, and Mario Di Napoli. "Axilla, Elbow, Wrist – Hand." In The Ulnar Nerve, 209–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43292-2_31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Axilla"

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Gürgan, S., U. Hoopmann, B. Böer, R. Fugunt, G. Helms, C. Röhm, A. Seller, et al. "Sonographische Detektion von Clipmarkern im Simulationsmodell der Axilla." In 40. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Senologie e.V. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710676.

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Gürgan, S., U. Hoopmann, C. Röhm, B. Böer, R. Fugunt, G. Helms, A. Seller, et al. "Sonografische Detektion von Clipmarkern im Simulationsmodell der Axilla." In Interdisziplinärer Kongress | Ultraschall 2019 – 43. Dreiländertreffen DEGUM | ÖGUM | SGUM. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695984.

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Gürgan, S., U. Hoopmann, B. Böer, R. Fugunt, G. Helms, C. Röhm, A. Seller, et al. "Sonographische Detektion von Clipmarkern im Simulationsmodell der Axilla." In 40. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Senologie e.V. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714554.

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Irakleidis, Foivos, Ashutosh Tondare, Hisham Hamed, and Ashutosh Kothari. "MANAGEMENT OF THE AXILLA IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER AND ONE OUT OF ONE POSITIVE SENTINEL LYMPH NODE. CAN WE OMIT AXILLARY LYMPH NODE CLEARANCE?" In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2063.

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Background: Over the past three decades, the treatment of the axilla in breast cancer management continues to change. Current treatment strategies aim to achieve regional nodal control associated with reduced incidence of lymphedema and other long-term complications. In this study, we analyzed our tertiary center’s database of patients who had a single retrieved sentinel node (SN) that was positive for macrometastatic disease. We focused on AMAROS trial outcomes and the future view of treating this cohort of patients with axillary radiotherapy (RT) instead of axillary node clearance (ANC). Methods: Both the literature review and the 5-year retrospective analysis of our database were performed, focusing on the management of the axilla in patients with breast cancer with one-in-one positive SN. Results: A total of 24 patients who had surgery as primary treatment had one-in-one positive SN. All patients had the clinical and radiological assessment of their axilla prior to their sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB). In all, 92% of these patients had a complete ANC, 50% of them had zero additional positive nodes, 21% had only one additional positive node, and a further 21% had more than one additional positive node. One patient was planned for ANC but died from chemotherapy-related complications and one more patient had alternative axillary RT instead of ANC. Of note, 80% of patients who had three or more positive axillary lymph nodes following ANC had indeed evidence of advanced locoregional disease and thus would not be eligible for alternative axillary RT, as compared with one patient who had a multifocal disease, could have axillary RT but had a heavy axillary burden on ANC. Finally, 71% of patients could have been offered alternative axillary RT but had ANC instead. Fourteen patients from this group had chest wall and supraclavicular fossa RT after their initial surgery, and thus, the addition of axillary RT instead of ANC could have been offered. Conclusion: In patients with early breast cancer and clinically node-negative axilla, disease burden in non-SN is limited and ANC may entail overtreatment. In view of low recurrence and complication rates seen in the AMAROS trial, axillary irradiation appears to be a valid and safe alternative when compared with ANC in patients with one-in-one positive SN.
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Vandermeeren, L., J.-P. Belgrado, S. Vankerckhove, J.-B. Valsamis, V. Feipel, M. Rooze, J.-J. Moraine, D. Hertens, B. Carly, and F. Liebens. "Abstract P3-13-28: Lipofilling of the axilla to reduce secondary lymphedema after axillary lymph node dissection." In Abstracts: 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 6-10, 2016; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p3-13-28.

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Radosa, JC, M. Deeken, I. Papadopoulou, R. Weimann, L. Stotz, and EF Solomayer. "Präoperatives Axilla-Staging: Vergleich zwischen präoperativer Sonografie und definitivem pathologischem Befund." In 38. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Senologie. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1651780.

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Radosa, J., M. Deeken, I. Papadopoulou, R. Weimann, L. Stotz, and EF Solomayer. "Präoperatives Axilla-Staging: Vergleich zwischen präoperativer Sonografie und definitivem pathologischem Befund." In 62. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe – DGGG'18. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1671507.

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Bowsher, James E., Justin R. Roper, Joerg Peter, and Ronald J. Jaszczak. "Pinhole Trajectories for SPECT Imaging of the Breast, Axilla, and Upper Chest." In 2006 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2006.354393.

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Pilewskie, M. "Abstract ES5-2: Regional Management of the Axilla prior to Systemic Therapy." In Abstracts: 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 10-14, 2019; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-es5-2.

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Murphy, BL, RT Fazzio, TL Hoskin, KN Glazebrook, MG Keeney, EB Habermann, and TJ Hieken. "Abstract P3-01-01: Management of the axilla in metaplastic breast carcinoma." In Abstracts: 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 5-9, 2017; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-01-01.

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Reports on the topic "Axilla"

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Nestleroth. L52113 Circumferential MFL In-Line Inspection for Cracks in Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011002.

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Circumferential MFL is a new implementation of a widely used technology that has potential to provide improved detection and quantification of axially oriented defects such as cracks, seam weld defects, mechanical damage, and groove corrosion. The objective of this project was to improve detection of cracks by changing the implementation along with using data from overlapping and complementary inspection techniques. Two technology advancements were investigated: combining high- and low-magnetization technology for stress detection and combining axial and circumferential MFL methods. While circumferential MFL and the performance enhancements developed on this project may have limitations, this technology is reasonably well suited for assessing long axially oriented corrosion, which is a challenging anomaly for traditional axial MFL.
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Eshed, Yuval, and Sarah Hake. Shaping plant architecture by age dependent programs: implications for food, feed and biofuel. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597922.bard.

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Age dependent programs are responsible for the physiological and developmental differences of young and mature plants. These include a range of morphological characters such as leaf shape and leaf composition (waxes, lignin etc..) but also different in developmental potentials. Apical buds of juvenile plants are vegetative, while those of mature plants can be reproductive. Likewise, basal buds form in the axills of juvenile leaves have different fates than distal buds formed in the axils of mature leaves. The goal of our joint project is to understand and exploit theses age related programs for specific improvement of crop plants. To that end both the WIS group and the PGEC group are using mutants with age related defects as well as modified expression of miR156 to modify age related programs in crop plants- Tomato and potato in Israel and Maize, switchgrass and Brchipodium in the US. In the US, major effort were made to: Characterize the contribution of selected miR156 target genes to yield component traits of maize. Functional analysis of microRNAs and their targets in new crop plants. In Israel, the research progressed in several directions: Understanding the interplay between age dependent programs and the potential of tomato and potato meristems to produce tubers. Evaluation of the agronomic value of mutants that alter flowering regime in side shoots in general, and in the sympodial buds in particular Characterization of wild type axillary buds, comparing shoot ontogeny of gradually maturing apices from basal and distal positions along the main shoot of tomato.
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McMonagle, Morgan P. Axillary Artery Repair. Touch Surgery Publications, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2016.s0175.

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McMonagle, Morgan P. Axillary Artery Repair. Touch Surgery Simulations, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2020.s0175.

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McMonagle, Morgan P. Type IV Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm (TAA) with External Axillo-Unifemoral Bypass. Touch Surgery Publications, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2016.s0172.

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McMonagle, Morgan P. Type IV Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm (TAA) with External Axillo-Unifemoral Bypass. Touch Surgery Simulations, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2019.s0172.

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Hiratsuka, Takeshi, Dai-Heng Chen, and Kuniharu Ushijima. Axially Compression of Corrugated Cylinder. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0231.

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A. Alsaed. BWR AXIAL PROFILE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/862029.

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J. Huffer. BWR AXIAL PROFILE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/862152.

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Loukidis, Dimitrios, Rodrigo Salgado, and Grace Abou-Jaoude. Assessment of Axially-Loaded Pile Dynmaic Design Methods and Review of INDOT Axially-Loaded Design Procedure. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313450.

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