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Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Reichard, Peter. "Osvald T. Avery and the Nobel Prize in Medicine." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 16 (February 28, 2002): 13355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.r200002200.

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2

Ghose, Tarunendu. "Oswald Avery: The Professor, DNA, and the Nobel Prize That Eluded Him." Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 21, no. 1 (April 2004): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.21.1.135.

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3

Yusak, Nailil Muna. "GOD IN ALICE WALKER�S THE COLOR PURPLE; A PARADOX OF THE DIVINE." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.1.2.129-142.

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Over time, as secularization took root in Black churches during the CivilRights era, the prevalent framework in understanding African Americanspirituality discourse has shifted from theology to sociology. This paper triesto discern this major shift from the black literature perspective. It aims todiscuss the main charachers� paradoxical state of mind in understandingGod in the novel The Color Purple. The 1982 Pulitzer Prize for fiction winneris organized around an intimate conversation between two femalecharacters, Celie and Shug Avery, whose understanding of God werechallanged by complexity of sexism and racism in the black family.Sociological approach is adopted to understand the characters� dynamicconcept of God. Discussion in this paper suggested that Alice Walker�snaturalist theology is embodied in Celie and Shug Avery�s conceptualizationof God in the novel.Keywords: Black Theology, The Color Purple, God in Black Literature.
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4

Richards, Lorie, Ryan Avery, Sarah Gray, and Robin Price. "Relationship of Retained Primitive Reflexes and Handwriting Difficulty in Elementary-Age Children." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 76, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2022): 7610505010p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2022.76s1-rp10.

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Abstract Date Presented 04/03/2022 OTs often address handwriting difficulties. Primitive reflex retention may interfere with handwriting development. In a cross-sectional study, we explored a possible relationship between reflex retention and handwriting difficulties among 74 children ages 7-9 years. We found that more children with handwriting difficulties had reflex retention, and reflex retention was associated with handwriting ability, after controlling for vision, implying a likely need to address reflex integration. Primary Author and Speaker: Lorie Richards Contributing Authors: Ryan Avery, Sarah Gray, Robin Price
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5

Goodwin, Irwin. "Peace Prize Shared by Physicist of Conscience and Pugwash Movement Founded to Avert Nuclear War." Physics Today 48, no. 12 (December 1995): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2808293.

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6

Mangan, Eugene. "Book Reviews: The Catholicity of the Church. By Avery Dulles. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985. Pp. 199. Price £17.50." Irish Theological Quarterly 56, no. 1 (March 1990): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002114009005600121.

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7

Drehmann, Mathias, Jörg Oechssler, and Andreas Roider. "Herding and Contrarian Behavior in Financial Markets: An Internet Experiment." American Economic Review 95, no. 5 (November 1, 2005): 1403–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282805775014317.

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We report results of an Internet experiment designed to test the theory of informational cascades in financial markets (Christopher Avery and Peter Zemsky, 1998). More than 6,400 subjects, including a subsample of 267 consultants from an international consulting firm, participated in the experiment. We find that the presence of a flexible market price prevents herding. The presence of contrarian behavior distorts prices, however, and even after 20 decisions, convergence to the fundamental value is rare. We also report some interesting differences with respect to subjects' fields of study. Reassuringly, the behavior of the consultants turns out to be not significantly different from that of the remaining subjects.
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8

de Angelis, Luigi. "Art. 18 dello statuto dei lavoratori e processo: prime considerazioni." GIORNALE DI DIRITTO DEL LAVORO E DI RELAZIONI INDUSTRIALI, no. 136 (December 2012): 693–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gdl2012-136006.

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L'Autore esamina gli aspetti processuali della recente riforma del mercato del lavoro italiano (l. n. 92/2012), che ha modificato l'art. 18 della l. n. 300/1970 prevedendo quattro differenti livelli di tutela per i licenziamenti ingiustificati. Al fine di accelerare le relative controversie, la l. n. 92/2012 ha previsto due fasi procedimentali. La prima, obbligatoria, consiste in un giudizio sommario. La seconda, eventuale, consiste in un giudizio di cognizione ordinaria, che puň avere un appello e che puň essere portato dinanzi alla suprema Corte di cassazione.
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9

Nabea, Wendo. "Mediation between Linguistic Hegemony and Periphery Languages in the Nobel Prize for Literature." Journal of Higher Education in Africa 19, no. 2 (July 14, 2022): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v19i2.2180.

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This article explores the Nobel Prize for Literature as an embodiment of Western hegemony, despite its universal disposition. It demonstrates that the award is prestigious and canonises selected literary works as quintessential, as well as offering social and economic benefits to authors. However, the article contends that there are ideological and geopolitical considerations apart from quality that are addressed by the Swedish Academy to identify the winner every year, chief among them being the language of writing. The article demonstrates that literary works that are apt to win are generally those that are written in the dominant languages of the metropolis, especially English. It further cast doubts on the chances of winning for writers who use marginal languages, for example, African national languages, considering that even translations tend to misrepresent texts in the source language. The article avers that the Nobel Prize epitomises hegemony, language being a key component. Using postcolonial theory, the article further lays bare how writers use marginal languages to mediate with linguistic hegemony through appropriation, abrogation and evolution of argots. The article asserts that the Swedish Academy needs to rethink the question of language in awarding the Nobel Prize for Literature or else it can become displaced and parochialised as users of minor languages negotiate with it.
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10

Negovsky, Vladimir A. "Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045234.

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First of all, I would like to express gratitude on behalf of academician Eugeni I. Chazov, who was kindly invited by Professor Safar to attend this Congress. Unfortunately, some circumstances connected with work prevented Dr. Chazov's attending. Most of you are probably informed about his attitude toward the movement known as Physicians for Nuclear Disarmament. In 1981, Dr. Chazov delivered his paper at the First Congress of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), held in Airlie, Virginia, USA. The Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR has established a special Council to help guide this disaster prevention movement among Soviet physicians. Academician Chazov is the chairman of this Council.In May 1981, our central newspaper,Pravda, published an appeal to the scientists of the world, signed by many prominent Soviet scientists, Lenin and State Prize winners of the USSR, and Nobel Prize winners, calling upon their colleagues and urging all scientific workers to do everything possible to avert the danger of nuclear war. Professor Chazov was among those who signed.
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11

Byrne, Peter. "Kant and Job's Comforters. By A. L. Loades. Newcastle, Avero, 1985. Pp. vi + 174. No price." Scottish Journal of Theology 40, no. 4 (November 1987): 616–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930600018640.

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12

Galluccio, Alessandra. "Misure di prevenzione e "caporalato digitale": una prima lettura del caso Uber Eats." GIORNALE DI DIRITTO DEL LAVORO E DI RELAZIONI INDUSTRIALI, no. 169 (April 2021): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gdl2021-169006.

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L'articolo ripercorre la vicenda di una delle prime applicazioni giurisprudenziali di una misura di prevenzione - quella dell'amministrazione giudiziaria a una società che si avvale di riders sottoposti a condizioni di sfruttamento lavorativo potenzialmente integranti il reato di cui all'art. 603-bis del codice penale. Il contributo, dopo avere offerto una panoramica della vicen-da e degli istituti coinvolti, si sofferma in particolar modo su alcune peculiarità del caso di spe-cie: l'uso degli indici di sfruttamento; la penale responsabilità di Uber e dei suoi dipendenti; il ruolo dell'amministratore giudiziario.
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13

Bain, D. C. "B.W. Avery. Soils of the British Isles. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8DE, UK, 1990. xi + 463 pp. Price £67.50. ISBN: 0.85198.649.8." Clay Minerals 26, no. 2 (June 1991): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1991.026.2.14.

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14

Wang, Qi. "The influence of global Risk Index on Chinese Stock Market." BCP Business & Management 20 (June 28, 2022): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v20i.1061.

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The development of stock market in China is immature compared to other stocks markets and vulnerable to the impact of international environment. This paper analyzes how the global financial risk affect the development of Chinese stock market in terms of global risk transmission. The goal is to offer policy suggestions about how to avert external risks and stock price fluctuations. Given the VIX index, an ordinary least squares model is created to examine which degree of variation the increase in VIX index brings to SSE Composite Index. The result of regression analysis indicates that one percentage change of VIX index generate a reduction of approximately 13 points in SSE Composite Index. In response to an increase in the level of global financial risk, the stock price of Chinese stock market appears to decrease and the stock market is more likely to experience depressions.
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15

Mardhiah, Ainun. "HOLDING PERIOD SAHAM SYARIAH ANTARA INVESTOR DAN TRADER." JURNAL PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI DARUSSALAM 1, no. 1 (March 2, 2017): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jped.v1i1.6519.

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Inbuying and sellingstocks, Muslims are faced withtwo optionsnamelystrategyas atraderorinvestor. The moststrikingdifferencebetween the two ison theside of theholding periodorperiodsmenahama securityfor resale. A tradercanbuy and sellsharesin avery short time.Insteadinvestors tend tohold securitiesin a long time. The scholarsstatedthat thebehavior oftradersarecategorizedasactsmaisyirandgharar. Becauseone of the goalsof thestrategyis to utilizetraderstock price movementsarenotsuretoget ashort-term profits. Besidesthe activitiesof thetradermakesaveryvolatileindexthatcan triggerinstabilityexchanges.Dalam melakukan jual beli saham di bursa, umat Islam dihadapkan kepada dua pilihan strategi yakni sebagai trader atau investor. Perbedaan yang paling mencolok antara keduanya adalah dari sisi holding period atau periode menaham suatu sekuritas untuk dijual kembali. Seorang trader dapat melakukan transaksi jual beli saham dalam waktu sangat singkat. Sebaliknya investor cenderung menahan sekuritas dalam waktu yang lama. Para ulama menyatakan bahwa perilaku trader tersebut dikatagorikan sebagai perbuatan maisyir dan gharar. Karena salah satu tujuan dari strategi trader adalah memanfaatkan pergerakan harga saham yang tidak pasti untuk mendapatkan keuntungan jangka pendek. Selain itu kegiatan trader tersebut membuat suatu indeks sangat berfluktuatif yang dapat memicu ketidakstabilan bursa.
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16

Okarah, Anthony Chidiebere, and Emeka Austin Ndaguba. "Assessing the Implementation of the Deregulation Policy of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) (2003 – 2012)." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i3.92.

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The Nigerian oil and gas sector plays avery dominant role in the nation’s economy with over 90% in 2011 and 98% in 2012 of the nation’s foreign exchange earnings (Ibanga, 2011; CBN, 2012). About 36 Billion barrels of crude oil reserve and 19.2 Billion cubic meters of natural gas is deposited in the country. This paperassesses the implementation of the deregulation policy in Nigeria (2003-2012),with a focus on the Nigerian NationalPetroleum Corporation (NNPC). The study used informed knowledge in providing analysis for the study. The study found out that the two major challenges inhibiting the implementation of the deregulation policy by NNPC are, price control, and effect of global market. The study recommended among others that, for Nigeria to realize its potential and reap the benefits of deregulating the sector, the NNPC must tailor the implementation of the policy in a manner that will take cognizance of the socioeconomic challenges facing Nigerians by recognizing and engaging community help services in communities where exploration takes place.
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17

De Martino, Delio, and Maria Clara Dicataldo. "Cosa vuol dire essere “immersi” nell’apprendimento? Il rapporto tra esperienze immersive e apprendimento efficace:." IUL Research 4, no. 7 (June 19, 2023): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.57568/iulresearch.v4i7.417.

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Promosse da uno spot di metaverso, AR e VR sono presentate come tecnologie immersive in grado di rivoluzionare l’apprendimento in ambienti ibridi e virtuali. L’immersività criticata da Platone nel mito della caverna è una tendenza sviluppatasi in tutte le arti fino all’avvento del cinema, che ha gettato le basi per un’immersività più totale, aprendo la strada alle prime sperimentazioni di AR e VR dagli anni Sessanta in poi. Dubbi persistono sull’efficacia didattica. Nonostante i primi studi sembrino molto promettenti, sarà necessario verificare scientificamente se, come per gli altri linguaggi, l’immersività digitale possa avere ricadute per un apprendimento significativo.
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18

Novak, Andrew. "Averting an African Boycott: British Prime Minister Edward Heath and Rhodesian Participation in the Munich Olympics." Britain and the World 6, no. 1 (March 2013): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2013.0076.

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In 1968, the British government of Prime Minister Harold Wilson lobbied behind the scenes for Rhodesia's exclusion from the Mexico City Olympics. Three years earlier, the former British colony of Southern Rhodesia had seceded from the British Empire under white minority rule and faced isolation from international sporting events. With the election of Conservative Prime Minister Edward Heath in 1970, British foreign policy shifted more heavily to Europe rather than the former British colonies of the Commonwealth, and Heath sought to allow Rhodesia to compete in the 1972 Munich Games lest it isolate West Germany and create a controversy similar to South Africa's expulsion from the Olympics. With the help of Foreign Minister Alec Douglas-Home, Heath manoeuvred Conservative Party factionalism on the issue of Rhodesian sanctions and the Party's traditionally ambiguous relationship with Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith. The merger between the Foreign Office and the Commonwealth Relations Office coincided with this increased emphasis on European foreign policy matters, the Foreign Office's traditional expertise. Ultimately, Rhodesia was excluded from the Olympics despite Heath's hesitation, and the threatened African boycott movement proved to be a critical episode toward the development of the Gleneagles Agreement, which ultimately led to the sporting isolation of South Africa in 1978. Relying on documents in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Archives, the International Olympic Committee Archives, the Avery Brundage papers at the University of Illinois, and microfilm of African newspapers, this paper reconstructs the pressures on Heath and the International Olympic Committee to expel Rhodesia.
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19

Tripathy, Nrusingha, Sarbeswara Hota, and Debahuti Mishra. "Performance analysis of bitcoin forecasting using deep learning techniques." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v31.i3.pp1515-1522.

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The most popular cryptocurrency used worldwide is bitcoin. Many everyday folks and investors are now investing in bitcoin. However, it becomes quite difficult to evaluate or foresee the price of bitcoin. The price of bitcoin is extremely difficult to forecast due to its swings. By this point, machine learning has developed a number of models to examine the price behaviour of bitcoin using time series data. The digital money, a different type of payment developed utilising encryption methods, is difficult to forecast. By utilising encryption technology, cryptocurrencies may act as both a medium of exchange and a virtual accounting system. To estimate the values of a future time sequence, this work introduces a deep learning-based technique for time series forecasting that treats the current data as time series and extracts the key traits of the past. To overcome the shortcomings of conventional production forecasting, three algorithms-auto-regressive integrated moving averages (ARIMA), long-short-term memory (LSTM) network, and FB-prophet-were investigated and contrasted. We compared the models using historical bitcoin data of past eight years, from 2012 to 2020. The “FB-prophet” model, which is significant, catches variation that might draw attention and avert possible problems.
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20

De Portu, Simona, Sabato Montella, Paolo Cortesi, Enrica Menditto, Simona Cammarota, Anna Citarella, and Lorenzo G. Mantovani. "Valutazioni economiche di atorvastatina in prevenzione secondaria: un aggiornamento." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 12, no. 2S (May 15, 2011): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v12i2s.995.

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Introduction: cardiovascular diseases are the most common reason of mortality and morbidity in the world, despite therapeutic interventions have improved patients’ prognosis in the last decades. Aggressive lipid lowering treatment with atorvastatin has demonstrated to be effective in preventing the occurrence of new cardiovascular events requiring hospitalizations, in patients previously affected by coronary syndromes. However, the increasing costs of managing cardiovascular diseases impose a careful analysis of the economic benefits of these therapies. Objective: to assess the economic sustainability of using atorvastatin for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Material and Methods: we derived clinical information from five randomized, multicenter trials (AVERT, IDEAL, MIRACL, PROVE-IT, TNT) evaluating efficacy and tolerability of high dosage treatment with atorvastatin over control groups in different patient populations and for different follow up periods. A costeffectiveness analysis in the perspective of the NHS has been performed, under the hypothesis of the imminent price reduction of atorvastatin, due to the loss of exclusivity. Results: in trials AVERT, MIRACL, PROVE IT, the treatment with atorvastatin has demonstrated to reduce both cardiovascular events and overall healthcare direct costs, compared to the respective control groups. In trials IDEAL and TNT, the therapy with atorvastatin has resulted to be cost effective, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratio respectively of € 6,310 for avoided event (vs simvastatin 10 mg) and € 9,058 for CV disease free patient (vs atorvastatin 10 mg). Discussion: the present study represents an update of previous cost-effectiveness analyses, which have previously evaluated the economic consequences of using atorvastatin for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. The present analysis has proved the economic benefits deriving from the usage of atorvastatin, which is a dominant alternative in the AVERT, MIRACL and PROVE-IT clinical settings, and a cost effective option in the IDEAL and TNT study populations.
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21

CERBU, THOMAS, and MICHEL-PIERRE LERNER. "LA DISGRCE DE GALILE DANS LES APES URBANAE: SUR LA FABRIQUE DU TEXTE DE LEONE ALLACCI." Nuncius 15, no. 2 (2000): 589–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539100x00056.

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Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Il manoscritto delle APES Urbanae di Allacci mostra come il riserbo del suo articolo su Galileo possa essere direttamente attribuito alla decisione presa da Urbano VIII nel giugno 1633 di mettere al bando il Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo e di imporre l'abiura a Galileo. L'articolo ebbe due prime versioni. La prima citava un generoso encomio tributato a Galileo da Maffeo Barberini, ancora cardinale, mentre la seconda presentava una citazione completa del Dialogo, elementi che vennero entrambi successivamente rimossi. Nonostante questa censura, l'articolo contiene informazioni che Allacci pu aver ottenuto solo da fonti vicine a Galileo.
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22

Kadar, Massimiliano, Thomas Buettner, and Andrea Cilea. "Horizontal Mergers in Homogeneous Goods Industries: When Is Spare Capacity Sufficient to Offset Unilateral Effects?" World Competition 39, Issue 1 (March 1, 2016): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2016004.

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The existence of spare capacity is traditionally an important element in the assessment of horizontal mergers in homogeneous goods industries. In principle, non-merging firms with spare capacity can react to a price increase by the merged entity and expand output. This output expansion could make such price increase unprofitable for the merged entity and ultimately offset it. But when do competitors have an incentive to expand output to such an extent as to avert anticompetitive effects? Conversely, when do they have an incentive to follow a price increase by the merged entity? In previous case practice, the European Commission (Commission) often focussed its assessment on the degree of spare capacity available to competitors, i.e., on competitors’ ability, rather than incentive, to expand output. In some of these cases, the mere existence of a large amount of spare capacity at industry level was considered as sufficient to eliminate the risk of unilateral price effects. In two recent important merger cases, the Commission carried out an in-depth analysis of spare capacity that was not only focussed on competitors’ ability to react, but also on their incentive to do so: Outokumpu/Inoxum and INEOS/Solvay/JV. As we explain in more detail in this article, these two cases show that normally competitors of a merged entity do not have an incentive to react to a post-merger price increase sufficiently to alleviate competition concerns. This approach is consistent with the Commission’s Horizontal Merger Guidelines, and supported by sound economic analysis and empirical insights.
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23

Dong, Gang. "Optimization of the Pricing Strategies between Container Terminals under Deregulation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (November 22, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1626429.

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According to the dual-track system implemented on port tariffs in past years, the vast majority of state-owned container terminals adopt the standard rates specified by China’s Ministry of Transport, while the container terminals of joint ventures are permitted to charge their stevedoring rate with a 20% float ratio up and down. The latest port reform was to improve the port tariff formation mechanism by speeding up the implementation of detailed list and public notice on port pricing. This paper analyses the optimization of the pricing strategies between container terminals under deregulation. Based on a two-stage noncooperative game theoretical model, the Nash equilibria of pricing strategy profiles between container terminals of one port under deregulation are derived. Although the price-matching strategy may be employed by the foreign-owned container terminal, which usually resulting in a total social welfare loss, the price-matching pricing strategy not being adopted by the state-owned container terminal will avert tacit collusion. Numerical simulation is applied to the case of Shenzhen Port.
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24

Silvestri, Angelo, Antonino Aprea, Luciana Bianchera, Leonardo Montecchi, Giorgio Cavicchioli, and Stefano Mennella. "Gli operatori della gruppalità al tempo delle grandi migrazioni: prime riflessioni epistemologiche sulla formazione." GRUPPI, no. 2 (October 2021): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gruoa2-2020oa12580.

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In questo scritto dialogano alcuni esperti di formazione con matrici culturali e impostazioni teoriche e tecniche diverse. Il loro obiettivo è aprire un dibattito su che tipo di competenze dovrebbero avere gli operatori della salute mentale che si occupano di migranti e migrazione. Le attuali grandi trasformazioni sociali stanno determinando dei cambiamenti nella pratica clinica, nell'organizzazione dei servizi di cura e sulle opportunità di lavoro: tutto ciò comporta un inevitabile ripensamento della formazione. Tutti sono d'accordo nel riconoscere il dispositivo gruppale come una delle principali risorse per far fronte a queste difficoltà. L'accoglienza dei migranti porta a importanti vissuti di smarrimento verso il nuovo e incertezza verso i propri paradigmi culturali. È fondamentale imparare nozioni di antropologia ed etnopsicologia per poter ascoltare l'altro e capire i suoi reali bisogni all'interno della sua personale e specifica cornice culturale e di senso, fatta di registri simbolici peculiari.
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25

Marchetti, Chiara. "Gli esclusi della democrazia. Gli immigrati e i confini della cittadinanza." SOCIETÀ DEGLI INDIVIDUI (LA), no. 36 (January 2010): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/las2009-036005.

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- In questo articolo si interroga il nesso tra democrazia, cittadinanza e fenomeno migratorio indagando quali effetti puň avere la presenza di milioni di persone prive della cittadinanza del paese in cui risiedono. In particolare, il saggio approfondisce il tema della cittadinanza concentrandosi sui processi di cittadinanza sostanziale, sulle pratiche condivise che costruiscono identitÀ, sentimento di appartenenza e sistemi di solidarietÀ. Si rileva quindi che molti stranieri residenti si ‘comportano' da cittadini anche quando non lo sono sulla carta e talvolta le stesse istituzioni si relazionano ad essi riconoscendo loro "frammenti" di cittadinanza. D'altra parte, non sempre a un riconoscimento formale corrisponde un riconoscimento sostanziale. La combinazione di questi fattori non puň che allargare le fila di chi č - o si sente - escluso dalla democrazia.
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Wu, Daphne C., Prabhat Jha, Sheila Dutta, and Patricio Marquez. "Impact of cigarette price increase on health and financing outcomes in Vietnam." Gates Open Research 3 (August 14, 2019): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13051.1.

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Background: Vietnam had about 15 million male smokers in 2015. To reduce adult tobacco use in Vietnam through an increase in the excise tax of cigarettes, we conducted an extended cost-effectiveness analysis to examine the impact of two scenarios of cigarette price increases. Methods: We estimated, across income quintiles, the life-years gained, treatment cost averted, number of men avoiding catastrophic health expenditure and extreme poverty, and additional tax revenue under a 32% and a 62% increase in cigarette price through increased excise tax. We considered only male smokers as they constitute majority of the smokers. We used the average price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in Vietnam of -0.53. Results: Under both scenarios of price increase, men in the poorest quintile would gain about 2.8 times the life-years and avert 2.5 times the treatment cost averted by the richest quintile. With a 32% price increase, about 285,000 men would avoid catastrophic health expenditure; as a result, about 95,000 men, more than half of whom in the poorest quintile, would avoid falling into extreme poverty. In contrast to the distribution of health benefits, the extra revenue generated from men in the richest quintile would be 1.2 times that from the poorest quintile. With a 62% price increase, about 553,000 men would avoid catastrophic health expenditure, and about 183,000 men, more than half of whom in the poorest quintile, would avoid falling into extreme poverty. The extra revenue generated from men in the richest quintile would be 3.8 times that from the poorest quintile. Conclusions: Higher cigarette prices would particularly benefit the poorest income quintile of Vietnamese, in terms of health and financial outcomes. Thus, tobacco taxes are an effective way to improve health and reduce poverty in Vietnam.
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Wu, Daphne C., Prabhat Jha, Sheila Dutta, and Patricio Marquez. "Impact of cigarette price increase on health and financing outcomes in Vietnam." Gates Open Research 3 (April 28, 2020): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13051.2.

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Background: Vietnam had about 15 million male smokers in 2015. To reduce adult tobacco use in Vietnam through an increase in the excise tax of cigarettes, we conducted an extended cost-effectiveness analysis to examine the impact of two scenarios of cigarette price increases. Methods: We estimated, across income quintiles, the life-years gained, treatment cost averted, number of men avoiding catastrophic health expenditure and extreme poverty, and additional tax revenue under a 32% and a 62% increase in cigarette price through increased excise tax. We considered only male smokers as they constitute majority of the smokers. We used the average price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in Vietnam of -0.53. Results: Under both scenarios of price increase, men in the poorest quintile would gain about 2.8 times the life-years and avert 2.5 times the treatment cost averted by the richest quintile. With a 32% price increase, about 285,000 men would avoid catastrophic health expenditure; as a result, about 95,000 men, more than half of whom in the poorest quintile, would avoid falling into extreme poverty. In contrast to the distribution of health benefits, the extra revenue generated from men in the richest quintile would be 1.2 times that from the poorest quintile. With a 62% price increase, about 553,000 men would avoid catastrophic health expenditure, and about 183,000 men, more than half of whom in the poorest quintile, would avoid falling into extreme poverty. The extra revenue generated from men in the richest quintile would be 3.8 times that from the poorest quintile. Conclusions: Higher cigarette prices would particularly benefit the poorest income quintile of Vietnamese, in terms of health and financial outcomes. Thus, tobacco taxes are an effective way to improve health and reduce poverty in Vietnam.
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Success Ikechi, Kanu, and Nwadiubu Anthony. "Global Oil Price Shocks and Effects on Economic Growth: An Econometric Investigation of Nigeria." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 6, no. 4 (2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.64.2001.

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This study is necessitated for the reason that global oil price shocks are bound to affect the pace of economic growth in Nigeria. Given that Nigeria is a net oil-exporting country makes it particularly vulnerable to oil price fluctuations. The study made use of secondary data covering the period from 1990 to 2019. While the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test was used for preliminary analysis; ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis was used for short-run estimates. A combination of Johansen Co-integration test, Vector Auto Regression analysis, Granger causality test, Variance Decomposition, Impulse Response tests and the ARCH/ GARCH modelling techniques were used for long run estimation All the tests helped to confirm the integrity of our models. The findings of the study indicate that, in the short run, there was sufficient evidence to show that oil price changes have a significant effect on economic growth. For the long run test, the Trace statistics and Max Eigenvalue tests point to a case of non-integration. At a ten year horizon, 71.31% of the variance in economic growth is explained by shocks; while the balance of 28.69% was accounted for by the changes in the global price of crude oil. In other words, the growth of the Nigerian economy has to do with the economy itself and to some extent, fluctuations or instability associated with the global prices of oil shocks. The ARCH/GARCH analysis indicates that there exists a first-order ARCH effect and that the GARCH in mean term was also significant. Succinctly put, the above results suggest that though erratic, there is evidence of volatility clustering of oil price on economic growth in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that Nigeria splay down on the continued dominance of primary production and export and low-value addition. There is a need for a paradigm shift. Nigeria’s economic growth should be driven by a diversified production structure, essentially driven by growth in manufacturing as it would increase job offer, raise productivity and incomes. Otherwise, the Nigerian economy will remain trepid, fragile and susceptible to shocks emanating from global oil price fluctuations. Poverty is likely to persist in Nigeria without a robust manufacturing sector where innovation and technology would improve value addition and raise productivity. Lastly, since an average economy is cyclical, whence the Nigerian economy can pull through the present economic recession occasioned by the Coronavirus pandemic, she must learn to save for the rainy day. Nigeria should draw lessons from history and from past mistakes in order to avert the vagaries associated with oil price volatilities and consequent budget alignment and re-alignments.
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Adaramola, Anthony Olugbenga, Peter Akinyemi Kayode, Vincent Adewale Omotayo, and Joseph Adeyinka Adewole. "MONETARY POLICY AND STOCK PRICE BEHAVIOUR OF BANKS IN NIGERIA: A PANEL DYNAMIC CO-INTEGRATION APPROACH." Practitioner Research 5 (July 31, 2023): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/pr2023.5.2.

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This study was conducted to examine effect of monetary policy on stock prices of listed banks in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined effects of broad money supply, Treasury bill rate, monetary policy rate, exchange rate, cash reserve ratio, lending rate and savings deposit rate on stock prices of 15 listed banks on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 31st December, 2019. The study employed descriptive statistics, panel dynamic ordinary least squares and panel causality analysis to analyze quarterly data of stock price (STP) and monetary policy variables from 2006 to 2019. Results of the panel dynamic ordinary least squares (PDOLS) show that for banks, broad money supply (M2), monetary policy rate (MPR), exchange rate (EXCH) and interest on savings (SDR) significantly affect stock price negatively (p =0.0147; p =0.0000; p = 0.0110 and p = 0.0003 for M2, MPR, EXCH and SDR respectively). Treasury bill rate (TBR) significantly affects stock price positively (p = 0.0000) while cash reserve ratio (CRR) and lending rate (LDR) have insignificant effect on stock prices of banks. We recommend that Nigerian banks should be more pro-active in managing effects of monetary policy announcements to avert prolonged negative effects of such policies on their stock prices. We also advocate a re-appraisal of MP tools vis-à-vis stock market expansion goal by the Central Bank of Nigeria.
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30

Charles, Fortune Bella, and Charles Ugochukwu Okoro. "Systemic Risk and Dynamics of Stock Prices: A Short and Long Run Analysis from Nigeria Capital Market." American International Journal of Business and Management Studies 1, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijbms.v1i1.110.

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This study examined the effect of systemic risk on the dynamics of stock prices in Nigeria capital market. The objective was to investigate the dynamic effect of systemic risk on stock prices traded on the floor of Nigeria stock exchange. Time series data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 1990-2017. Stock prices were modeled as the function of prices risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and exchange rate risk. Multiple regression with ordinary least square properties of co-integration was used to examine the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables. The study found price and liquidity risk have positive effect on stock price while interest rate and exchange rate risk have negative effect on stock prices of equities traded on Nigeria stock exchange. It concludes that systemic risk has significant effect on stock prices and recommends, among others, that the management of the capital market should ensure that the operating environment is risk minimum to ensure appreciable stock prices by developing strategies and policies aim at managing the systematic risk in the operating environment and engage a regular environmental impact assessment on systemic risk, to avert it’s negative effect on stock prices.
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31

Khalid, Adia, Nadeem Javaid, Abdul Mateen, Manzoor Ilahi, Tanzila Saba, and Amjad Rehman. "Enhanced Time-of-Use Electricity Price Rate Using Game Theory." Electronics 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8010048.

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The emergence of the Demand Response (DR) program optimizes the energy consumption pattern of customers and improves the efficacy of energy supply. The pricing infra-structure of the DR program is dynamic (time-based). It has rather complex features including marginal costs, demand and seasonal parameters. There is variation in DR price rate. Sometime prices go high (peak load) if the demand of electricity is more than the generation capacity. The main objective of DR is to encourage the consumer to shift the peak load and gets incentives in terms of cost reduction. However, prices remain the same for all the users even if they shift the peak load or not. In this work, Game Theory (GT)-based Time-of-Use (ToU) pricing model is presented to define the rates for on-peak and shoulder-peak hours. The price is defined for each user according to the utilize load. At first, the proposed model is examined using the ToU pricing scheme. Afterward, it is evaluated using existing day-ahead real-time pricing scheme. Moreover, shifting load from on-peak hours to off-peak hours may cause rebound peak in off-peak hours. To avert this issue, we analysis the impact of Salp Swam Algorithm (SSA) and Rainfall Algorithm (RFA) on user electricity bill and PAR after scheduling. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed GT-based ToU pricing scheme. Furthermore, the RFA outperformed SSA.
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Chaiyakunapruk, Nathorn, Dayoung Song, Julia Lynch, Jerome H. Kim, Piyameth Dilokthornsakul, Tawee Chotpitayasunondh, and Vittal Mogasale. "Public Health Value of a Hypothetical Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Introduction: A Case Study." Vaccines 10, no. 6 (June 15, 2022): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060950.

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Background: Understanding the public health value of a vaccine at an early stage of development helps in valuing and prioritizing the investment needed. Here we present the potential cost-effectiveness of an upcoming 12 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 12) in the case study country, Thailand. Methods: The cost-effectiveness analysis included a hypothetical scenario of three doses (2 + 1 regimen) PCV12 introduction in the national immunization program of Thailand compared to no PCV, PCV10, and PCV13 among <6 months old from a societal perspective with a lifetime horizon and one-year cycle length. Data from Thailand, as well as assumptions supported by the literature, were used in the analysis. The price of PCV12 was assumed similar to that of PCV10 or PCV13 for GAVI’s eligible countries based on inputs from stakeholder meeting. A one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted using 0.5–1.5 times the base price of PCV12. Results were presented in incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in terms of monetary value per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Results: Vaccination with PCV12 among a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 Thai children is expected to avert a total of 5358 cases which includes 5 pneumococcal meningitis, 43 pneumococcal bacteremia, 5144 all-cause pneumonia, and 166 all-cause acute otitis media compared to no vaccination. The national PCV12 vaccination program is a cost-saving strategy compared to the other three strategies. The one-way sensitivity analysis showed PCV12 is a cost-saving strategy when 1.5 times the base price of PCV12 was assumed. Conclusions: Within the limitations of hypothetical assumptions and price points incorporated, the study indicates the potential public health value of PCV12 in Thailand.
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Dell’Aquila, Roberto, Graziella Berlingò, Valentina Pellanda, Andrea Contestabile, Paolo Lentini, and Anna Basso. "Le barriere allo sviluppo della dialisi peritoneale non esistono." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 26, Suppl. 5 (February 14, 2014): S36—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2014.967.

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La dialisi peritoneale è una metodica in uso in Italia dagli anni '70; dalle prime sconfitte dovute all'inesperienza, siamo giunti oggi, se non ieri, a una metodica sicura e con una mole di letteratura favorevole. Malgrado ciò, la percentuale di utilizzo di tale metodica è assestata da molto tempo sul 10% e con un trend in negativo in questi ultimi anni. Non si comprende come una tecnica così semplice e, al tempo stesso, così efficace non riesca ad avere un suo rispettabile spazio. Molto è stato scritto sulle cosiddette “barriere” al suo sviluppo, tra le quali si annoverano cause sociali, economiche e organizzative. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è di dimostrare con degli esempi che, se barriere ci sono, queste sono rappresentate solo dall'inesperienza e dalla mancanza totale di volontà di chi dirige una struttura di nefrologia.
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Tripi, Stefano. "Lo smart working nella Pubblica Amministrazione ai tempi del Coronavirus: alcune potenziali implicazioni manageriali e di salute mentale." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 2 (September 2021): 75–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2021-002007.

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Il contributo si propone di analizzare alcune delle prime implicazioni che ci si attende dall'accelerazione dell'applicazione dello smart working (lavoro agile) nelle Pubbliche Amministrazioni italiane, come conseguenza dell'emergenza epidemiologica Coronavirus (Covid-19), con particolare riferimento all'ambito manageriale ed alla salute mentale. Nella piena consapevolezza di descrivere una situazione in continua evoluzione, si integreranno, con un approccio deduttivo, alcune tra le principali indicazioni che emergono dalla letteratura e da alcune ricerche. Dopo aver descritto l'evoluzione delle modalità di attivazione dello smart working nella Pubblica Amministrazione, in modalità ordinaria e nei vari momenti di emergenza, si descriveranno le principali implicazioni dal punto di vista manageriale ed in materia di salute mentale, concludendo con alcune riflessioni in merito a possibili spunti di ricerca e di policy.
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35

Charles, Fortune Bella, and Charles Ugochukwu Okoro. "Systemic Risk and Dynamics of Stock Prices: A Short and Long Run Analysis from Nigeria Capital Market." American International Journal of Business and Management Studies 1, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijbms.v1i1.35.

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This study examined the effect of systemic risk on the dynamics of stock prices in Nigeria capital market. The objective was to investigate the dynamic effect of systemic risk on stock prices traded on the floor of Nigeria stock exchange. Time series data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 1990-2017. Stock prices were modeled as the function of prices risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and exchange rate risk. Multiple regression with ordinary least square properties of co-integration was used to examine the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables. The study found price and liquidity risk have positive effect on stock price while interest rate and exchange rate risk have negative effect on stock prices of equities traded on Nigeria stock exchange. It concludes that systemic risk has significant effect on stock prices and recommends, among others, that the management of the capital market should ensure that the operating environment is risk minimum to ensure appreciable stock prices by developing strategies and policies aim at managing the systematic risk in the operating environment and engage a regular environmental impact assessment on systemic risk, to avert it’s negative effect on stock prices.
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36

Botella, César. "Per un ampliamento del metodo freudiano." SETTING, no. 31 (September 2012): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/set2011-031003.

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L'articolo sostiene la necessitŕ di articolare tra loro, nella terapia psicoanalitica, la componente logica e la componente affettiva della relazione. La componente logico-cognitiva si esprime soprattutto attraverso l'attivitŕ interpretativa all'interno della quale sono presenti implicitamente anche aspetti affettivi; reciprocamente, gli interventi non-interpretativi non mancano mai di una componente logica o cognitiva. Questa č legata alle varie teorie a cui facciamo riferimento e alla conoscenza del paziente, e soprattutto al terapeuta e al controtransfert in quel particolare momento della terapia. Vengono presi in considerazione il significato logico-affettivo del setting, la logica del processo interpretativo, e infine il significato delle "azioni affettive". In particolare viene differenziato il significato delle "azioni affettive" rispetto agli enactment e ai piů generici interventi supportivi. Le prime hanno una struttura particolare e possono avere la capacitŕ di influire in senso positivo sugli schemi della memoria implicita del "Sé cattivoaffetto negativo-oggetto negativo".
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Shaari, M. S., T. Salha Tunku Ahmad, and R. Razali. "Tourism Led-Inflation: A case of Malaysia." MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018): 06026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815006026.

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The importance of the tourism industry has prevailed among developed and even developing countries. It has been perceived to be an important contribution to economic growth. However, in the proliferation of studies on inflation, information on the extent to which tourism industry able to influence inflation, is still sparse. Therefore, this study embarks on investigating tourism as a potential factor towards inflation. Data on consumer price index and the number of tourist arrival from 1986 until 2014 are used in the analysis. This study adopts a quantitative approach employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. Several controlled variables such as money supply, economic growth, government expenditure, and interest rate are also included. The results suggest that the tourism industry plays an important role in determining inflation in both short-and long-runs. Therefore, governments should take proactive measures in ascertaining that any expansion of the tourism industry can avert inflation.
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38

Green, Barrie. "Book ReviewsOxford Handbook of Diabetes Nursing Lorraine Avery Sue Beckwith (Editors) Janet Sumner (Editorial advisor) Oxford University Press Price: £22.95 Pp 366 ISBN:978-0-19-954562-9." British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 4, no. 1 (January 2010): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2010.4.1.46076.

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39

CRACKNELL, A. P., and N. McINTYRE. "A Review of: “Interpretation of Aerial Photographs”. By T. E. AVERY and G. L. BERLIN. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Burgess Publishing Company, Fourth Edition, I985.)[Pp. 550.]Price $31·95." International Journal of Remote Sensing 7, no. 5 (May 1986): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431168608954724.

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WRIGHT, R. "Review of:“Interpretation of Aerial Photographs” By T. E. AVERY and G. L. BERLIN. (Minneapolis U.S.A.: Burgess Publishing Company, fourth edition, 1985.) [Pp. ix + 554.] Price $31-95." International Journal of Remote Sensing 8, no. 12 (December 1987): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431168708954823.

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41

Schimmel, A. "Faridu'd-din 'Attar: The Speech of the Birds (Mantiqu't-tair) Translated by Peter Avery. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society. 1998. Pp. 582. Price HB 45.00. 0-946621-69-1." Journal of Islamic Studies 12, no. 2 (May 1, 2001): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jis/12.2.188.

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42

Baudry, Francis. "La psicologia dell'Io, 1950-2010: stasi o evoluzione?" PSICOANALISI, no. 2 (February 2013): 11–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psi2012-002002.

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L'articolo si propone di illustrare le idee centrali di Hartman, Kris e Loewenstein nei primi anni '50 e di mostrare come siano servite a strutturare quella che era stata fino ad allora un'impresa terapeutica alquanto caotica. Nella seconda parte l'autore analizza come dall'idea dell'analisi terapia del singolo si siano sviluppati altri punti di vista la persona Inserire riassunto di massimo 10 righe, soprattutto in Inghilterra e in Francia. Questi nuovi sviluppi si sono soffermati sul ruolo delle prime relazioni oggettuali con i contributi dei kleiniani e di Winnicott e sull'importanza della fase pre-edipica dello sviluppo. Nella terza parte l'Autore esamina brevemente come la pratica della cosiddetta psicologia dell'Io si sia silenziosamente evoluta, senza aver tuttavia dato vita a una nuova teoria ed esamina le conseguenze della disconnessione tra teoria e tecnica.
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43

O'Connor, Daniel. "Book Review: Kant and Job's Comforters. By A. L. Loades, Avero Publications, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, 1985, pp. l-vi, 174. Price £12." Irish Theological Quarterly 54, no. 1 (March 1988): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002114008805400111.

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44

GONZALEZ, RAUL, KEVIN HASKER, and ROBIN C. SICKLES. "AN ANALYSIS OF STRATEGIC BEHAVIOR IN eBAY AUCTIONS." Singapore Economic Review 54, no. 03 (August 2009): 441–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590809003422.

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A relatively new type of panel data analysis is becoming more and more topical in the applied econometrics literature as auction mechanisms are being explored in more depth. The typical data utilized in such studies involves repeated measures of auction outcomes, where the variable of interest involves order statistics from the sample of bids from many bids on completed auctions for a particular commodity. This article presents structural estimates of bidding behavior in eBay computer monitor auctions. We exploit characteristics of such repeated measures to analyze the efficiency of private value auctions for a relatively homogeneous good, computer monitors sold on eBay. We discuss how outcomes of the auction mechanism can be analyzed and their equilibrium outcomes assessed and evaluate the consumer surplus that is generated from such auctions. Particular attention is given to the collection of the eBay data from data recovery protocols that monitor in real time and in relative detail, characteristics of a particular auction with heterogeneity controls for different types of monitors and for different reputation effects of the auctioneer. Among other findings, our results point to a rejection of the use of Jump Bidding (Avery, 1998) or "Snipe or War" bidding (Roth and Ockenfels, 2002). We also find that longer auctions only have a small effect on price and experienced auctioneers respond to this incentive.
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Padhi, Seshadev, John R. Graef, and Smita Pati. "Multiple positive solutions for a boundary value problem with nonlinear nonlocal Riemann-Stieltjes integral boundary conditions." Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis 21, no. 3 (June 26, 2018): 716–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fca-2018-0038.

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Abstract In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions to the fractional boundary value problem $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle D^{\alpha }_{0+}x(t)+q(t)f(t,x(t))=0, \,\, 0\lt t \lt1, \end{array}$$ together with the boundary conditions $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x(0)=x^{\prime}(0)= \cdots = x^{(n-2)}(0)=0, D_{0+}^{\beta }x(1)= \int^{1}_{0}h(s,x(s))\,dA(s), \end{array}$$ where n > 2, n – 1 < α ≤ n, β ∈ [1,α – 1], and $\begin{array}{} \displaystyle D^{\alpha }_{0+} \end{array}$ and $\begin{array}{} \displaystyle D^{\beta }_{0+} \end{array}$ are the standard Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives of order α and β, respectively. We consider two different cases: f, h : [0, 1] × R → R, and f, h : [0, 1] × [0, ∞) → [0, ∞). In the first case, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the above problem, and in the second case, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions of the above problem. We apply a number of different techniques to obtain our results including Schauder’s fixed point theorem, the Leray-Schauder alternative, Krasnosel’skii’s cone expansion and compression theorem, and the Avery-Peterson fixed point theorem. The generality of the Riemann-Stieltjes boundary condition includes many problems studied in the literature. Examples are included to illustrate our findings.
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Mangonnet, Jorge, and María Victoria Murillo. "Protests of Abundance: Distributive Conflict Over Agricultural Rents During the Commodities Boom in Argentina, 2003–2013." Comparative Political Studies 53, no. 8 (January 16, 2020): 1223–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414019897417.

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Whereas the scholarship on rural contention mostly focuses on austerity and busts, we study protests by agricultural export producers in times of high agricultural prices. Aware of price volatility, farmers seek to take advantage of cycles’ upswings to maximize their income and resist sharing the rents generated by higher prices. When farmers lack the formal political influence to avert redistribution, they are more likely to protest as their tax burden increases although they benefit from higher prices. Their strongest protest tool is lockouts, which halt commercialization activities and have significant economic consequences, but require coordination by farmer associations. Membership homogeneity and lower exposure to state retaliation by these organizations heightens contention. We test this argument using a local-level data set on rural lockouts across Argentine departments between 2003 and 2013, a time of high prices for Argentina’s key export commodity: soybeans. We complement our empirical strategy with in-depth, semi-structured elite interviews.
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Zhu, Yingze. "The Impact of Two-pillar Policies on Real Estate Prices in China." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 14, no. 1 (September 13, 2023): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/14/20230796.

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Since the turn of the 20th century, China's real estate industry has been expanding, playing an increasingly vital role in fostering the growth of the national economy. On the one hand, rising housing costs can stimulate the growth of linked companies. Nonetheless, it also causes a number of social issues. Through theoretical research, this study examines the impact of two-pillar policies (monetary policy and macroprudential regulations) on real estate values in China. The analysis reveals that quantitative monetary policy influences real estate prices via credit scale, whereas price-based monetary policy influences real estate prices via loan interest rate. However, there is a tension in monetary policy between "boosting the economy" and "stabilizing property prices". When monetary policies govern housing prices, macroprudential policies, particularly LTV instruments, can avert systemic problems and compensate for the spillover effects on the real economy. Consequently, it is imperative to establish and enhance the regulatory framework for two-pillar policies.
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Ibrahim, Waheed. "Econometric Analysis of Determinants of Real Effective Exchange Rate in Nigeria (1960-2015)." Timisoara Journal of Economics and Business 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjeb-2016-0005.

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Abstract This study investigates the determinants of real effective exchange rate in Nigeria for the period between 1960 and 2015 using the vector error correction mechanism to separate long run from the short run fundamentals. The findings from the regression estimates revealed that; terms of trade, openness of the economy, net capital inflow and total government expenditure were the major long run determinants of real effective exchange rate in the country while variables such as; broad money supply (M2), nominal effective exchange rate, structural adjustment program dummy, June 12 crisis and change to civil rule dummies were revealed as the major short run determinants of exchange rate in Nigeria between 1960 and 2015. The study concludes by recommending that since the major variable of terms of trade (crude oil price) is out of the government control, the effect of shocks due to the fluctuations of crude oil price can be minimized by shifting the economy from a mono-product nation and diversify the economy to increase productive capacity. Also, the change to civil rule dummy used in the study revealed that the system has not been friendly with the country’s real effective exchange rate, thus needing to review the system and bringing out all negative activities there in to ensure Nigeria’s currency appreciation. Guided openness is also suggested to avert the danger that unguided trade liberalization may bring into the country.
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Mainal, Siti Aminah, Catherine S. F. Ho, and Jamaliah Mohd Yusof. "Post Financial Crisis and Macroeconomic Fundamentals on Household Debt in Advanced Economies." Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol. 2 (3) Jul-Sep 2017 2, no. 3 (June 16, 2017): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2017.2.3(6).

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Objective - The unwarranted household debt initiated the global financial crisis which led to severe worldwide financial instability. Deleveraging process which has been taking place since the crisis has been slow and there is no quick fix to the debt issue. The lack of study on the effect of financial crisis on household debt justifies the objective to investigate macroeconomic fundamentals and financial crisis on household debt. Methodology/Technique - This study applies panel data analysis in ten advanced economies from 2001 to 2013. The random effect (RE) generalized least square estimator is used in the regression to examine macroeconomic factors and post financial crisis period as control variable on household debt. Findings - Findings confirm that post financial crisis period has significant negative effect on household debt which affirmed the deleveraging process in most advanced economies. Economic growth and household disposable income too have negative relation with household debt. Nonetheless, macroeconomic factors such as inflation, housing price and household consumption encourage household debt in advanced economies. Novelty - This study suggests that empirical evidence support that household avert from borrowing post financial crisis. Intensification of housing price and other consumption expenditure, if left unrestrained, may elicit another debt crisis. These are challenges faced by policy makers to curb household debt which entail risks for households, the financial system and the wider economy. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Household Debt; Post Financial Crisis; Macroeconomic Factors. JEL Classification: G01, G02.
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Wu, Daphne C., Vikas Sheel, Pooja Gupta, Beverley M. Essue, Linh Luong, and Prabhat Jha. "Impact of cigarette tax increase on health and financing outcomes in four Indian states." Gates Open Research 4 (May 11, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13127.1.

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Background: In India, about one million deaths occur every year due to smoking. Tobacco taxation is the most effective intervention in reducing smoking. In this paper, we examine the impact of a one-time large cigarette price increase, through an increase in excise tax, on health and financing outcomes in four Indian states. Methods: We used extended cost-effectiveness analysis to estimate, across income quintiles, the life-years gained, treatment cost averted, number of men avoiding catastrophic health expenditures and extreme poverty, additional tax revenue collected, and savings to the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) with a cigarette price increase to Indian Rupees (INR) 10 plus 10% ad valorem in four Indian states. Results: With the price increase, about 1.5 million men would quit smoking across the four states, with the bottom income group having 7.4 times as many quitters as the top income group (485,725 vs 65,762). As a result of quitting, about 665,000 deaths would be averted. This would yield about 11.9 million life-years, with the bottom income group gaining 7.3 times more than the top income group. Of the INR 1,729 crore in treatment cost averted, the bottom income group would avert 7.4 times more than the top income group. About 454,000 men would avoid catastrophic health expenditures and 75,000 men would avoid falling into extreme poverty. The treatment cost and impoverishment averted would save about INR 672 crore in AB-PMJAY. The tax increase would in turn, generate an additional tax revenue of about INR 4,385 crore. In contrast to the distribution of health benefits, the extra revenue generated from the top income group would be about 3.1 times that from the bottom income group. Conclusions: Cigarette tax increase can provide significant health and economic gains and is a pro-poor policy for India.
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