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Books on the topic 'Average measure of entanglement'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 February 2025

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Everett, J. R. A report on experiments to measure average fibre diameters by optical fourier analysis. Melbourne: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, 1986.

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Lei, Pui-Wa. Alternatives to the grade point average as a measure of academic achievement in college. Iowa City, Iowa: ACT, Inc., 2001.

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Lei, Pui-Wa. Alterntives to the grade point average as a measure of academic achievement in college. Iowa City, Iowa: ACT, Inc., 2001.

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(Editor), John A. Prestbo, ed. The Market's Measure: An Illustrated History of America Told Through the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 1999.

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Van Olmen, Daniël, and Johan Van Der Auwera. Modality and Mood in Standard Average European. Edited by Jan Nuyts and Johan Van Der Auwera. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199591435.013.11.

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The chapter discusses the research on the features of the mood and modality systems of European languages that stand a chance of being due to some measure of the areal convergence captured with the term “Standard Average European.” These features are: (i) the compositional nature of the prohibitive, (ii) the number of non-indicative non-imperative moods, (iii) the relation between canonical and non-canonical imperatives, (iv) the use of word order for the interrogative, the (v) multifunctionality, (vi) verbiness, and (vii) grammaticalization of modal markers. While all of these characterize European languages, only features (i), (v), (vi), and (vii) are potential Standard Average European features.

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Beenakker, Carlo W. J. Extreme eigenvalues of Wishart matrices: application to entangled bipartite system. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.37.

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This article describes the application of random matrix theory (RMT) to the estimation of the bipartite entanglement of a quantum system, with particular emphasis on the extreme eigenvalues of Wishart matrices. It first provides an overview of some spectral properties of unconstrained Wishart matrices before introducing the problem of the random pure state of an entangled quantum bipartite system consisting of two subsystems whose Hilbert spaces have dimensions M and N respectively with N ≤ M. The focus is on the smallest eigenvalue which serves as an important measure of entanglement between the two subsystems. The minimum eigenvalue distribution for quadratic matrices is also considered. The article shows that the N eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix of the smaller subsystem are distributed exactly as the eigenvalues of a Wishart matrix, except that the eigenvalues satisfy a global constraint: the trace is fixed to be unity.

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Kaboudan, Mak. Computational Spatiotemporal Modeling of Southern California Home Prices. Edited by Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan, and Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.13.

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Average quarterly price changes in six contiguous southern California cities are obtained and used, first, to determine if price changes in contiguous cities are spatiotemporally contagious, then to forecast each city’s average prices for four quarters (or one year, 2014). In order to capture the contagious effects, a spatiotemporal contagion response measure is proposed and computed. The measure quantifies the responsiveness of residential home-price changes in one location (or city) to lagged price changes in another location. Average home characteristics (such as square footage and number of bedrooms), as well as lagged average quarterly mortgage rates, lagged average quarterly unemployment rates, and lagged average quarterly price changes of all locations, are input variables used to estimate the response measures and produce price forecasts. Models and forecasts are obtained first using genetic programming then compared to outcomes obtained using linear regressions.

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Schreyer, Paul. GDP. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.3.

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GDP is first and foremost a measure of economic activity and production, and distinct from a measure of welfare, even when narrowly defined as material well-being. Despite this difference, GDP and welfare are not unrelated concepts. Links include the scope of final products that enter GDP and the welfare basis of price indices that are used to compute real GDP. Further, the national accounts systematically link GDP with household consumption and income, the key determinants of average material well-being. Last, in measures of intertemporal social welfare, GDP appears through the need to account for future changes in productivity. This chapter also describes efforts to adjust GDP to gauge welfare more directly but concludes that they have not gained traction because there is no well-articulated theory that would indicate the scope and nature of the required adjustments and because GDP is tremendously useful as a measure of production that needs complementing but not substituting.

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Gupta, Rajesh. Randomized controlled trial evidence for gabapentin in post-herpetic neuralgia. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0069.

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The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Gabapentin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: A randomized controlled trial’, published by Rowbotham et al. in 1998. In the study, a 4-week initial period of titration of gabapentin (up to a maximum of 3,600 mg) or matching placebo was given, followed by a further 4-week period at the maximum tolerated dose. The primary efficacy measure was change in average daily pain score from start to finish of the treatment, and secondary measures observed were the average daily sleep score, a short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, the subject’s global impression of change, the investigator-rated clinical global impression of change, the Short Form 36, a quality-of-life questionnaire, and a Profile of Mood States questionnaire. Subjects receiving gabapentin had significant reduction in daily pain scores as well as improvement in secondary measures of pain, although with an increased incidence of side effects.

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Sorrentino, Alfonso. Action-Minimizing Invariant Measures for Tonelli Lagrangians. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164502.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses the notion of action-minimizing measures, recalling the needed measure–theoretical material. In particular, this allows the definition of a first family of invariant sets, the so-called Mather sets. It discusses their main dynamical and symplectic properties, and introduces the minimal average actions, sometimes called Mather's α‎- and β‎-functions. A thorough discussion of their properties (differentiability, strict convexity or lack thereof) is provided and related to the dynamical and structural properties of the Mather sets. The chapter also describes these concepts in a concrete physical example: the simple pendulum.

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Brêtas, Anilce de Araújo. Balanço eletrolítico estratégico na ração de suínos criados em clima quente. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-318-3.

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The effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance (EB) in rations for growing and finished swine under high temperatures ambient was evaluated. Two hundred male castrated pigs with initial average 25,3±1.3 kg were allotted in completely randomized experimental design with five treatments T1 diet without supplemented electrolyte 191 mEq/kg; T2 (supl B) diet supplementd with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 250 mEq/kg; T3 (supl B+C) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) and potassium chloride (KCl) 250 mEq/kg; T4 (supl B) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) 300 mEq/kg; T5 (supl B+C) diet supplemented (NaHCO3) and (KCl) 300 mEq/kg and four replication and 10 pigs per experimental unit. The average weight of the animals was 68,8±3,4 kg. The performance parameters evaluated were the feed intake (FI), the daily gain (DG), finished weight (FW), nitrogen intake (NI), lysine intake (LI), efficiency of N utilization for weight gain (ENUWG), efficiency of L utilization for weight gain (ELUWG) and the gain:feed ration and physiologic parameters to respiratory frequency (RF) and rectal temperature (RT). Blood was colleted to measure serum concentration of Na, Cl and K. The average temperature was 29,65±1,80ºC with (RU) of 69,6±10,4%. The levels of EB decreased (P<0,05) the (FI) and improved (NI). The others performance parameters evaluated weren’t influenced by treatments (P>0,05). In the termination phase the supplementation with sodium bicarbonate and or potassium chloride with 250 or 300 mEq/kg can be used to correct electrolyte balance under heat stress.

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Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. The Features of Chaos. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0004.

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In this chapter we introduce the features of Chaotic systems. We describe “sensitivity to initial conditions” and its quantitative measure, the Lyapunov exponent, which reflect the average rate of divergence (if any) between two neighboring trajectories. We describe the dynamic “strangeness” of the system. Which has its counterpart in the “strangeness” of the attractor's geometry and concerns with the texture woven by the system in phase space. Fractal dimensions are measures of such strange geometries and they are here described. The concept of recurrence is introduced and the recurrence plot is described, and code provided to generate it. The correlation dimension is addressed and the R code to compute is listed and detailed. Poincare map is introduced and applied to the study of the damped, driven pendulum.

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Darity, William A. Jr, and A. Kirsten Mullen. From Here to Equality. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469654973.001.0001.

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Racism and discrimination have choked economic opportunity for African Americans at nearly every turn. At several historic moments, the trajectory of racial inequality could have been altered dramatically. Perhaps no moment was more opportune than the early days of Reconstruction, when the U.S. government temporarily implemented a major redistribution of land from former slaveholders to the newly emancipated enslaved. But neither Reconstruction nor the New Deal nor the civil rights struggle led to an economically just and fair nation. Today, systematic inequality persists in the form of housing discrimination, unequal education, police brutality, mass incarceration, employment discrimination, and massive wealth and opportunity gaps. Economic data indicates that for every dollar the average white household holds in wealth the average black household possesses a mere ten cents. In From Here to Equality, William Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen confront these injustices head-on and make the most comprehensive case to date for economic reparations for U.S. descendants of slavery. After opening the book with a stark assessment of the intergenerational effects of white supremacy on black economic well-being, Darity and Mullen look to both the past and the present to measure the inequalities borne of slavery. Using innovative methods that link monetary values to historical wrongs, they next assess the literal and figurative costs of justice denied in the 155 years since the end of the Civil War. Finally, Darity and Mullen offer a detailed roadmap for an effective reparations program, including a substantial payment to each documented U.S. black descendant of slavery. Taken individually, any one of the three eras of injustice outlined by Darity and Mullen--slavery, Jim Crow, and modern-day discrimination--makes a powerful case for black reparations. Taken collectively, they are impossible to ignore.

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Neumann, Peter J., Joshua T. Cohen, and Daniel A. Ollendorf. The Right Price. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197512883.001.0001.

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New medications can provide substantial benefits, but high prescription drug prices have led to calls to contain costs. Even after accounting for discounts and rebates, average prices of leading brand-name drugs in the United States are two to four times higher than in other wealthy countries, raising questions about what these higher prices are buying us. With the advent of ever more targeted and powerful treatments, including cell- and gene-based therapies with multimillion dollar price tags, the need for sensible drug pricing policies will intensify. Price controls, common in other countries, seem appealing, but these measures can discourage innovation. Moreover, on what basis should policymakers develop such controls? This book argues that pricing prescription drugs to reflect the value they bring to patients, families, and society achieves the right balance. The book reviews the distinguishing features of the prescription drug market and explains why simple solutions like price controls and importing drugs from countries with lower drug prices are problematic without explicit assessments of value. It then describes how economists measure value, how value assessment for drugs is now being used in the United States, and what must happen going forward to overcome challenges.

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Guilliams, Todd. High-Scroing Baseball. Human Kinetics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718218734.

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What is the definition of a high-scoring offense? How do you measure a player’s offensive productivity? How do you keep your team on track throughout the course of a long season? High-Scoring Baseball is the definitive guide for establishing an aggressive, opportunistic, and disciplined offense. Inside you’ll find detailed coverage of the four offensive team goals and the six ways to create offensive pressure that gives every team a chance to be high scorers. Then go inside the numbers for an in-depth analysis of run production. Discover the most common predictors for achieving a big inning, the importance of getting the lead-off hitter on, and the importance of collecting free bases. You’ll identify the most effective strategies based on specific game situations as well as the proper mental approach and physical adjustments to execute in those situations. Offense is more than a player’s batting average or a team’s ability to hit the long ball. It’s all about run production. It’s a player’s ability to achieve a high-quality at-bat and a team’s ability to create a big inning. High-Scoring Baseball will change the way you see and play the game.

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