Relevant bibliographies by topics / AVC scheme

Academic literature on the topic 'AVC scheme'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Nguyen, Thai-Son. "Reversible Data Hiding Scheme Based on Coefficient Pair Mapping for Videos H.264/AVC without Distortion Drift." Symmetry 14, no. 9 (August 25, 2022): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091768.

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Reversible data hiding is a technique for embedding secret data into a cover media. Such technique has the ability to recover marked cover media to its original version after extracting the secret data. In this paper, a new reversible data hiding algorithm for videos H.264/AVC is proposed to improve the embedding capacity while the distortion drift is prevented. To embed the secret data into videos H.264/AVC without any intra-frame distortion drift, in our proposed scheme, the relationship of QDCT coefficients is explored. Then, a coefficient pair mapping mechanism in 2D histogram is introduced for embedding data. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme obtains reversibility. The proposed scheme prevents intra-frame distortion drift on the marked videos. In addition, the embedding capacity of the proposed scheme is superior to that of existing schemes while guaranteeing the high visual quality of marked videos.
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Minallah, Nasru, Khadem Ullah, Jaroslav Frnda, Korhan Cengiz, and Muhammad Awais Javed. "Transmitter Diversity Gain Technique Aided Irregular Channel Coding for Mobile Video Transmission." Entropy 23, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020235.

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The reliable transmission of multimedia information that is coded through highly compression efficient encoders is a challenging task. This article presents the iterative convergence performance of IrRegular Convolutional Codes (IRCCs) with the aid of the multidimensional Sphere Packing (SP) modulation assisted Differential Space Time Spreading Codes (IRCC-SP-DSTS) scheme for the transmission of H.264/Advanced Video Coding (AVC) compressed video coded stream. In this article, three different regular and irregular error protection schemes are presented. In the presented Regular Error Protection (REP) scheme, all of the partitions of the video sequence are regular error protected with a rate of 3/4 IRCC. In Irregular Error Protection scheme-1 (IREP-1) the H.264/AVC partitions are prioritized as A, B & C, respectively. Whereas, in Irregular Error Protection scheme-2 (IREP-2), the H.264/AVC partitions are prioritized as B, A, and C, respectively. The performance of the iterative paradigm of an inner IRCC and outer Rate-1 Precoder is analyzed by the EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) Chart and the Quality of Experience (QoE) performance of the proposed mechanism is evaluated using the Bit Error Rate (BER) metric and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR)-based objective quality metric. More specifically, it is concluded that the proposed IREP-2 scheme exhibits a gain of 1 dB Eb/N0 with reference to the IREP-1 and Eb/N0 gain of 0.6 dB with reference to the REP scheme over the PSNR degradation of 1 dB.
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Ting, Grace C. W., Bok Min Goi, and S. W. Lee. "Cryptanalysis of a Fragile Watermark Based H.264/AVC Video Authentication Scheme." Applied Mechanics and Materials 145 (December 2011): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.145.552.

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H.264/AVC is a widespread standard for high definition video (HD) for example DVD and HD videos on the internet. To prevent unauthorized modifications, video authentication can be used. In this paper, we present a cryptanalysis of a H.264/AVC video authentication scheme proposed by Saadi et al. [1] at EUSIPCO 2009. Our result will prevent situations where newer schemes are developed from the scheme thus amplifying the flaw. The designers claimed that the scheme can detect modifications on watermarked video. However, we show that an attacker can modify the watermarked video and compute a valid watermark such that the recipient will retrieve a watermark from the modified watermarked video that will match what the recipient computes during video authentication check. Thus, the recipient will think the tampered video is authentic. The first main problem of the scheme is its use of hash functions for watermark generation. Since hash functions are public functions not depending on any secret, the attacker can modify the watermarked video and feed this through the hash function to compute a new watermark. The second problem is that it is possible for the attacker to perform watermark embedding thus producing a modified watermarked video. On receiving the modified video, the recipient recomputes the watermark and compares this with the watermark extracted from the video. They will match because the embedded watermark and recomputed watermark use the same hash function based watermark generation and the same input i.e. the modified video. Our cryptanalysis strategy applies to any watermarking based video authentication scheme where the watermark and embedding are not functions of secrets. As countermeasure, the functions should be designed so that only legitimate parties can perform them. We present two improved schemes that solve this problem based on private key signing functions and message authentication functions respectively.
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Son, Nam-Rye. "Motion Vector Recovery Scheme for H.264/AVC." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 8, no. 5 (May 31, 2008): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2008.8.5.029.

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Kim, Chung Hyo, Tae Sik Kong, Young Jun Lee, Hee Dong Kim, and Young Ho Ju. "High Speed Decoding of Entropy Codes in H.264/AVC Based on a Symbol Prediction." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1262.

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H.264/AVC is adopted as a next generation moving picture compression standard. Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) is the major entropy coding algorithm employed in H.264/AVC. Although the performance gain of H.264/AVC is mostly resulted from CABAC, it is difficult to implement a high-throughput decoder due to its decoding complexity. Although CABAC excludes a multiplication, the algorithm is basically sequential and needs large computations to compute some important variables, which are range, offset and context variables. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve fast decoding performance. In this paper, a prediction scheme is proposed to decode maximally two bits at a time and thus to reduce overall decoding time. A CABAC decoder based on the proposed prediction scheme reduces total cycles by 24% compared to conventional decoders.
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Nazir, Sajid, Dejan Vukobratović, Vladimir Stanković, and Ivan Andonović. "Rate Adaptive Selective Segment Assignment for Reliable Wireless Video Transmission." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/160521.

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A reliable video communication system is proposed based on data partitioning feature of H.264/AVC, used to create a layered stream, and LT codes for erasure protection. The proposed scheme termed rate adaptive selective segment assignment (RASSA) is an adaptive low-complexity solution to varying channel conditions. The comparison of the results of the proposed scheme is also provided for slice-partitioned H.264/AVC data. Simulation results show competitiveness of the proposed scheme compared to optimized unequal and equal error protection solutions. The simulation results also demonstrate that a high visual quality video transmission can be maintained despite the adverse effect of varying channel conditions and the number of decoding failures can be reduced.
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Lee, Wonjae, Yunho Jung, Seongjoo Lee, and Jaeseok Kim. "High Speed Intra Prediction Scheme for H.264/AVC." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 53, no. 4 (November 2007): 1577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2007.4429254.

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Xu, Dawen. "AN EFFICIENT WATERMARKING SCHEME FOR H.264/AVC COMPRESSED VIDEO." ICTACT Journal on Image and Video Processing 5, no. 1 (August 1, 2014): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21917/ijivp.2014.0124.

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Chandrasekar, C., and Manuprasad V. "Multifactor Authentication Scheme for Wireless H.264/AVC Video Streaming." International Journal of Computer Applications 135, no. 7 (February 17, 2016): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016908448.

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Wang, Xiaofeng, Nanning Zheng, and Lihua Tian. "Hash key-based video encryption scheme for H.264/AVC." Signal Processing: Image Communication 25, no. 6 (July 2010): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2010.03.005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Tan, Keyu. "Error Resilience Scheme in H.264/AVC and UEP Application in DVB-H Link Layer." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531472.

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Digby, G. "Harmonic analysis of A.C. traction schemes." Thesis, Swansea University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233938.

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Huang, Jia Heng. "A study on arc and jet schemes." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3950591.

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Linder, Martin, and Tobias Nylin. "Pricing of radar data." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104020.

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In this thesis we examine the issue regarding pricing of radar data and surveillance to the operators of air navigation service (ANS) at the aerodromes in Sweden. The question of who should be responsible for providing radar data to the operators is being managed that results in if it should be LFV, as it is today, the government or another authority. This is being examined since LFV in 2010 lost its monopoly position in the terminal area in Sweden. LFV still has monopoly on the en route part, and thru the en route income finances the radar data to all operators in Sweden. Air traffic service units (ATS) receive the radar data without any compensation to LFV, this needs to be regulated and conditions and prerequisites are necessary to be implemented. Our supervisor at LFV, Anders Andersson, has been the primary source of information regarding the current situation, background for the problem and also provided relevant documents with proper information. Laws and regulations have been accessed via the Swedish Transport Agency’s website and scientific articles on monopolies and pricing in aviation and other markets have been used in order to compare earlier issues similar to ours. The literature studies combined with interviews with Anders Andersson are the foundations of the development of the pricing schemes. The result of the thesis is presented as three different pricing schemes where each one of them are presented in tables and analysed how it will affect the ATS. In the first pricing scheme the cost for maintenance is equally divided between all ATS, this means every ATS has to pay the same cost regardless size of the airport, number of movement and net sales. The second pricing scheme is based on number of landings per year and divides the ATS in three categories. This scheme increases the cost with concern to the number of landings, which results in the larger ATS are charged more than the smaller ATS. The final pricing scheme is divided in four categories and based on terminal control area (TMA) and requirements on surveillance service. This means the different categories are based on a combination of the median distance flown in TMA and the different requirements the ATS must provide surveillance service. This pricing scheme is a disadvantage for the military airports and the ATS with associated TMA. The conclusions that can be made are the Swedish Transport Agency needs to implement some distinct guidelines and regulations regarding how the pricing should be made, where the pricing schemes and analysis in this thesis could form the basis for future investigations.
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Barcenas, Everardo. "Raisonnement automatisé sur les arbres avec des contraintes de cardinalité." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578972.

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Les contraintes arithmétiques sont largement utilisées dans les langages formels comme les expressions, les grammaires d'arbres et les chemins réguliers. Ces contraintes sont utilisées dans les modèles de contenu des types (XML Schemas) pour imposer des bornes sur le nombre d'occurrences de noeuds. Dans les langages de requêtes (XPath, XQuery), ces contraintes permettent de sélectionner les noeuds ayant un nombre limité de noeuds accessibles par une expression de chemin donnée. Les types et chemins étendus avec les contraintes de comptage constituent le prolongement naturel de leurs homologues sans comptage déjà considérés comme des constructions fondamentales dans les langages de programmation et les systèmes de type pour XML. Un des défis majeurs en programmation XML consiste à développer des techniques automatisées permettant d'assurer statiquement un typage correct et des optimisations de programmes manipulant les données XML. À cette fin, il est nécessaire de résoudre certaines tâches de raisonnement qui impliquent des constructions telles que les types et les expressions XPath avec des contraintes de comptage. Dans un futur proche, les compilateurs de programmes XML devront résoudre des problèmes de base tels que le sous-typage afin de s'assurer au moment de la compilation qu'un programme ne pourra jamais générer de documents non valides à l'exécution. Cette thèse étudie les logiques capables d'exprimer des contraintes de comptage sur les structures d'arbres. Il a été montré récemment que le μ-calcul sur les graphes, lorsqu'il est étendu à des contraintes de comptage portant exclusivement sur les noeuds successeurs immédiats est indécidable. Dans cette thèse, nous montrons que, sur les arbres finis, la logique avec contraintes de comptage est décidable en temps exponentiel. En outre, cette logique fournit des opérateurs de comptage selon des chemins plus généraux. En effet, la logique peut exprimer des contraintes numériques sur le nombre de noeuds descendants ou même ascendants. Nous présentons également des traductions linéaires d'expressions XPath et de types XML comportant des contraintes de comptage dans la logique.
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Xu, Ping. "Evaluation of Repeated Biomarkers: Non-parametric Comparison of Areas under the Receiver Operating Curve Between Correlated Groups Using an Optimal Weighting Scheme." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4261.

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Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are often used to evaluate the prognostic performance of a continuous biomarker. In a previous research, a non-parametric ROC approach was introduced to compare two biomarkers with repeated measurements. An asymptotically normal statistic, which contains the subject-specific weights, was developed to estimate the areas under the ROC curve of biomarkers. Although two weighting schemes were suggested to be optimal when the within subject correlation is 1 or 0 by the previous study, the universal optimal weight was not determined. We modify this asymptotical statistic to compare AUCs between two correlated groups and propose a solution to weight optimization in non-parametric AUCs comparison to improve the efficiency of the estimator. It is demonstrated how the Lagrange multiplier can be used as a strategy for finding the weights which minimize the variance function subject to constraints. We show substantial gains of efficiency by using the novel weighting scheme when the correlation within group is high, the correlation between groups is high, and/or the disease incidence is small, which is the case for many longitudinal matched case-control studies. An illustrative example is presented to apply the proposed methodology to a thyroid function dataset. Simulation results suggest that the optimal weight performs well with a sample size as small as 50 per group.
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Groza, Mayya. "Modélisation et discrétisation des écoulements diphasiques en milieux poreux avec réseaux de fractures discrètes." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4093/document.

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Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la modélisation et la discrétisation des écoulements diphasiques dans les milieux poreux fracturés. On se place dans le cadre des modèles dits dimensionnels hybrides couplant l'écoulement dans la matrice 3D à l'écoulement dans un réseau de fractures modélisées comme des surfaces 2D. La discrétisation s'appuie sur le cadre abstrait des schémas gradients. Dans cette étude nous présentons deux classes de schémas de types Gradient Schemes sur ces modèles en monophasique et en diphasique. Les objectifs sont motivés par l'application cible de la thèse qui concerne les procédés de récupération assistée de gaz par fracturation hydraulique dans les réservoirs de très faibles perméabilités
This thesis presents the work on modelling and discretisation of two-phase flows in the fractured porous media. These models couple the flow in the fractures represented as the surfaces of codimension one with the flow in the surrounding matrix. The discretisation is made in the framework of Gradient schemes which accounts for a large family of conforming and nonconforming discretizations. The test cases are motivated by the target application of the thesis concerning the gas recovery under the hydraulic fracturing process in low-permeability reservoirs
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Exposito, Victor. "Réseaux de multidiffusion avec coopération interactive entre récepteurs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC006.

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La présente thèse s’intéresse aux communications descendantes, plus spécifiquement aux canaux de multidiffusion, pour lesquels un émetteur diffuse un message commun destiné à tous les utilisateurs d’un groupe. Pour que le débit ne soit pas limité par le plus faible utilisateur en terme de qualité de canal, différentes solutions reposant sur des techniques entrées multiples sorties multiples massives ou multi-débit ont été proposées dans la littérature. Cependant, si tous les utilisateurs souhaitaient obtenir le même niveau de qualité, le plus faible utilisateur établirait le débit et/ou nécessiterait une quantité de ressources démesurée, ce qui impacterait tout le groupe. Les études récentes portant sur les communications d’appareil à appareil ouvrent la voie à la coopération entre utilisateurs proches, ce qui pourrait bénéficier à tous les utilisateurs, en garantissant le même niveau de qualité tout en maintenant un faible coût en ressource et en énergie. C’est pour ces raisons que cette thèse s’intéresse aux canaux de multidiffusion avec coopération entre récepteurs. La théorie de l’information formalise l’étude de ces réseaux et fournit des bornes universelles portant sur le débit transmissible. Le schéma de coopération proposé se base sur une superposition appropriée d’opérations de compresse-relaie (CF) et décode-relaie (DF), et il est prouvé que ses performances surpasse celles des schémas de coopérations non-interactifs pour le scénario à deux récepteurs. Les propriétés de la coopération interactive émergent de l’asymétrie de construction du schéma de coopération, ce qui permet d’adapter l’ordre des CFs et DFs en fonction de la qualité du canal. L’idée derrière cette interaction, les intuitions concernant les points clés de la construction, et des résultats numériques sont donnés pour des réseaux de petites tailles. Des simulations au niveau du système illustrent le gain potentiel que la coopération entre récepteurs pourrait apporter pour des réseaux de plus grandes tailles
The present thesis concentrates on downlink communications. In order to tackle one part of this challenging problem, we focus on the multicast channel in which one transmitter broadcasts a common message intended to a whole group of users. To ensure that the transmission rate is not limited by the weakest user in terms of channel quality, different solutions using massive multiple-input multiple-output or multirate strategies have been proposed in the literature. However, if all users wish to obtain the same content quality, the weakest user would set the rate and/or require a disproportionate amount of resource, and thus impact the whole group. With the recent study of device-to-device mechanisms, user cooperation in close proximity becomes possible and would benefit to all users by ensuring the same content quality while maintaining a low cost in terms of amount of resource and energy. Consequently, this thesis is centered around the multicast network with receiver cooperation. Information-theoretic tools formalize the study of the network considered and provide general bounds on the achievable transmission rate. The proposed cooperation scheme is based on an appropriate superposition of compress-forward (CF) and decode-forward (DF) operations, and provenly outperform non-interactive schemes in the two-receiver scenario. Properties of the interactive cooperation emerge from the asymmetric construction of the scheme which permits to adapt the order of CFs and DFs according to the channel condition. The core idea of the interaction, some insights on key construction points, and numerical results are given for small size networks. System level simulations illustrate the potential gain of receiver cooperation for larger networks
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Jou, Kyong-Bok. "Etude du schème d'expansion dans la structuration et l'élaboration du sens avec application au français écrit." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA054090.

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La structuration linguistique s'avère complexe. Elle varie infiniment en fonction de l'élaboration du sens. L’auteur s'efforce, dans ce travail, d'affiner les outils optimaux pour comprendre, décrire et expliquer l'objet si complexe et varie. Il met à l'épreuve ce modelé méthodologique à travers l'analyse du schème d'expansion, appliquée au français écrit. Dans cette analyse, il procède des éléments plus constants aux éléments plus variables, et introduit scrupuleusement les paramètres de conditionnement. Les mots clefs sont : fonctionnement du langage, structure, sens, paramètres, expansion
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Dubois, Joanne. "Modélisation, approximation numérique et couplage du transfert radiatif avec l'hydrodynamique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13962/document.

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Le présent travail est consacré à l’approximation numérique des solutions du modèle aux moments M1 pour le transfert radiatif. Il s’agit, ici, de développer des solveurs numériques performants et précis capables de prédire avec précision et robustesse des écoulements où le transfert radiatif joue un rôle essentiel. Dans ce sens, plusieurs méthodes numériques ont été envisagées pour la dérivation des schémas numériques de type solveur de Godunov. Une attention particulière a été portée sur les solveurs préservant les ondes de contact stationnaires. En particulier, un schéma de relaxation et un solveur HLLC sont présentés dans ce travail. Pour chacun de ces solveurs, la robustesse de la méthode a été établie (positivité de l’énergie radiative et limitation du flux radiatif). La validation et l’intérêt des méthodes abordées sont exhibés à travers de nombreuses expériences numériques mono et multidimensionelles
The present work is dedicated to the numerical approximation of the M1 moments model solutions for radiative transfer. The objective is to develop efficient and accurate numerical solvers, able to provide with precise and robust computations of flows where radiative transfer effects are important. With this aim, several numerical methods have been considered in order to derive numerical schemes based on Godunov type solvers. A particular attention has been paid to solvers preserving the stationary contact waves. Namely, a relaxation scheme and a HLLC solver are presented in this thesis. The robustness of each of these solvers has been established (radiative energy positivity and radiative flux limitation). Several numerical experiments in one and two space dimensions validate the developed methods and outline their interest
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Books on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Thomas, Schiex, ed. Intelligence artificielle et informatique théorique. Toulouse: Cépaduès-éd., 1994.

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Vaez-Zadeh, Sadegh. Parameter Estimation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198742968.003.0007.

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In this chapter, the estimation of permanent magnetic synchronous (PMS) motor parameters, including stator winding resistance, motor inductances, and magnitude of permanent magnet flux linage, is presented in two main categories, i.e., offline and online. Several offline schemes, including DC and AC standstill tests, no-load test, load test, and vector control schemes, are presented for estimation of all the motor parameters. Major online schemes used in the estimation of PMS motor parameters are also presented in this chapter. They include closed-loop observer-based estimation, model reference adaptive system (MRAS)-based estimation, recursive least-squares (RLS) estimation, and extended Kalman filter scheme. The online schemes take into account the motor parameter variations during motor operation. The motor model, estimation procedure, and the connection of estimation systems to the motor control system are discussed for each parameter estimation scheme.
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Bourqui, David, Johannes Nicaise, and Julien Sebag. Arc Schemes and Singularities. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/q0213.

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Bourqui, David, Johannes Nicaise, and Julien Sebag. ARC Schemes and Singularities. World Scientific Publishing UK Limited, 2019.

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My First ABC Board Book (My First Word Scheme). Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd, 1999.

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My First ABC Bath Book (My First Word Scheme). Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd, 2000.

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Ngoei, Wen-Qing. Arc of Containment. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501716409.001.0001.

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This book recasts the history of American empire in Southeast and East Asia from the Pacific War through the end of U.S. intervention in Vietnam. It argues that anticommunist nationalism in Southeast Asia intersected with pre-existing local antipathy toward China and the Chinese diaspora to usher the region from European-dominated colonialism into U.S. hegemony. Between the late 1940s and 1960s, Britain and its indigenous collaborators in Malaya and Singapore overcame the mostly Chinese communist parties of both countries by crafting a pro-West nationalism that was anticommunist by virtue of its anti-Chinese bent. London’s neocolonial schemes in Malaya and Singapore prolonged its influence in the region. But as British power waned, Malaya and Singapore’s anticommunist leaders cast their lot with the United States, mirroring developments in the Philippines, Thailand and, in the late 1960s, Indonesia. In effect, these five anticommunist states established, with U.S. support, a geostrategic arc of containment that encircled China and its regional allies. Southeast Asia’s imperial transition from colonial order to U.S. empire, through the tumult of decolonization and the Cold War, was more characteristic of the region’s history after 1945 than Indochina’s embrace of communism.
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Vaez-Zadeh, Sadegh. Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198742968.001.0001.

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This is the first comprehensive, coherent, and up-to-date book devoted solely to the control of permanent magnet synchronous (PMS) motors, as the fastest growing AC motor. It covers a deep and detailed presentation of major PMS motor modeling and control methods. The readers can find rich materials on the fundamentals of PMS motor control in addition to new motor control methods, which have mainly been developed in the last two decades, including recent advancements in the field in a systematic manner. These include extensive modeling of PMS motors and a full range of vector control and direct torque control schemes, in addition to predictive control, deadbeat control, and combined control methods. All major sensorless control and parameter estimation methods are also studied. The book covers about 10 machine models in various reference frames and 70 control and estimation schemes with sufficient analytical and implementation details including about 200 original figures. A great emphasis is placed on energy-saving control schemes. PMS motor performances under different control systems are presented by providing simulation and experimental results. The past, present, and future of the PMS motor market are also discussed. Each chapter concludes with end-chapter problems and focussed bibliographies. It is an essential source for anyone working on PMS motors in academic and industry sectors. The book can be used as a textbook with the first four chapters for a primary graduate course and the final three chapters for an advanced course. It is also a crucial reading for researchers, design engineers, and experts in the field.
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Mander, W. J. The Unknowable. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809531.001.0001.

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This book presents a history of nineteenth century metaphysics in Britain, providing close textual readings of the key contributions to First Philosophy made by the key philosophers of the period (such as Hamilton, Mansel, Spencer, Mill, and Bradley) as well as some lesser known figures (such as Bain, Clifford, Shadworth Hodgson, Ferrier, and John Grote). The story focuses on the elaboration of, and differing reactions to, the concept of the unknowable or unconditioned, first developed by Sir William Hamilton in the 1829. The idea of an ultimate but unknowable way that things really are in themselves may be seen as supplying a narrative arc that runs right through the metaphysical systems of the period in question as, relative to this concept, these thought schemes may be divided into three broad groups which were roughly consecutive in their emergence but also overlapping as they continued to develop. In the first instance there were the doctrines of the agnostics who further progressed Hamilton’s basic idea that fundamental reality lies for the great part beyond our cognitive reach, but these philosophies were followed, immediately by those of the empiricists and, in the last third of the century by those of the idealists, both of whom—albeit in profoundly different ways—reacted against the epistemic pessimism of the agnostics. By presenting, interpreting, criticizing and connecting together their various contrasting ideas this book explains how these three traditions developed and interacted with one another to comprise the history of metaphysics in Victorian Britain.
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Book chapters on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Huang, Wei, Wenqing Fan, and Tingting Zhang. "A Selective Encryption Scheme for H.264/AVC Video Coding." In Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics, 317–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25992-0_46.

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Huang, Feng, Jenq-Neng Hwang, and Yuzhuo Zhong. "An Adaptive Hybrid Mode Decision Scheme for H.264/AVC Video." In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2004, 947–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30542-2_117.

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Kim, Donghyung, Joohyun Lee, Kicheol Jeon, and Jechang Jeong. "Macroblock Mode Decision Scheme for Fast Encoding in H.264/AVC." In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2006, 365–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11922162_43.

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Wang, Hong-jun, Chang Sun, and Hua Li. "A Novel Macroblock-Level Rate-Distortion Optimization Scheme for H.264/AVC." In Advances in Visual Computing, 762–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89646-3_75.

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Zhang, Dongming, Yongdong Zhang, Xiaoguang Gu, and Chao Zhou. "Efficient Partial Decoding Scheme for Intra Frame in H.264/AVC Stream." In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing – PCM 2012, 522–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34778-8_49.

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Yang, Dan, Tao Liu, San-Min Liu, and Fu-Chun Chen. "An Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Error Concealment Scheme Based on H.264/AVC." In Electronics, Communications and Networks V, 79–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0740-8_10.

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Hsu, Wei-Jhe, Hsueh-Ming Hang, and Yi-Fu Chen. "Motion Estimation and DCT Coding Combined Scheme for H.264/AVC Codec." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Applications - Volume 2, 413–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35473-1_42.

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Jiang, Xinghao, Tanfeng Sun, Yue Zhou, and Yun Q. Shi. "A Drift Compensation Algorithm for H.264/AVC Video Robust Watermarking Scheme." In Digital Forensics and Watermarking, 30–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32205-1_5.

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Mehmood, Nasir, and Mubashar Mushtaq. "Blind Watermarking Scheme for H.264/AVC Based on Intra 4x4 Prediction Modes." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5064-7_1.

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Chen, Yi, Hongxia Wang, Hanzhou Wu, Yanli Chen, and Yong Liu. "A Data Hiding Scheme with High Quality for H.264/AVC Video Streams." In Cloud Computing and Security, 99–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00015-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Swaminathan, Viswanathan, and Saayan Mitra. "A partial encryption scheme for AVC video." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Signal Processing Applications (ESPA 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/espa.2012.6152430.

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Chen Liu, Xin Jin, Tianruo Zhang, and Satoshi Goto. "Partial decoding scheme for H.264/AVC decoder." In 2010 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2010.5704685.

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Su, Che-Chun, Jason J. Yao, and Homer H. Chen. "H.264/AVC-Based Multiple Description Coding Scheme." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2007.4380005.

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Panyavaraporn, Jantana. "Wavelet based video watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC." In 2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146098.

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Liu, Pengyu, and Kebin Jia. "An Effective Motion Estimation Scheme for H.264/AVC." In 2008 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iih-msp.2008.141.

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Lihua Zheng, Yue Wu, Ling Tian, and Shuang Wu. "Rate control scheme for H.264/AVC video encoding." In 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccasm.2010.5622222.

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Gang Qiu, P. Marziliano, A. T. S. Ho, Dajun He, and Qibin Sun. "A hybrid watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC video." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2004.1333909.

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Fallahpour, Mehdi, Mehdi Semsarzadeh, Shervin Shirmohammadi, and Jiying Zhao. "A realtime spatio-temporal watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC." In 2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2013.6555539.

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De Cock, Jan, Stijn Notebaert, and Rik Van de Walle. "A novel hybrid requantization transcoding scheme for H.264/AVC." In 2007 9th International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications (ISSPA). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isspa.2007.4555556.

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Bouchama, Samira, Hassina Aliane, and Latifa Hamami. "Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for the H.264/AVC Codec." In 2013 International Conference on Information Science and Applications (ICISA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icisa.2013.6579384.

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Reports on the topic "AVC scheme"

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Roca, V. Simple Authentication Schemes for the Asynchronous Layered Coding (ALC) and NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast (NORM) Protocols. RFC Editor, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6584.

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Kudin, Roman, Prabhat Chand, and Anura Bakmeedeniya. Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive. Unitec ePress, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.083.

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This research has been commissioned by Eco Fuel Global Limited, a New Zealand-based company, to further evaluate the effects of their fuel-additive product on the tailpipe exhaust emissions of petrol cars. At the time this research was conducted (end of 2018), the product was still in development and had not been released to the market. Prior to the testing in this research, an initial pilot test was done for the same product on a single car (Nissan Pulsar 1998), which showed favourable results, with a reduction in hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen at the tailpipe by more than 70%. The current research included five test cars, all running on RON 95 fuel, with the years of manufacture ranging between 1994 and 2006, and the odometer readings between 112,004 km and 264,001 km. The effects of the fuel-additive product were assessed by comparing the emissions from a car running on standard fuel with the emissions from the same car after it completed a road run (250±20 km) on the additive-treated fuel. The exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL series 4000 Emission Tester, which analyses five components: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), hydrocarbons (HC) and oxygen (O2). The most noticeable outcome of using the fuel-additive product was the reduction in the concentration of oxides of nitrogen in the tailpipe exhaust (by up to 27.7%), when compared with the same cars running on standard fuel. In addition, the results showed a decrease in residual oxygen concentration, which normally indicates more complete utilisation of O2 as an oxidising agent. Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive Dr Roman Kudin, Prabhat Chand and Anura Bakmeedeniya 2 The changes for other emission parameters were either relatively small (below 1%) or were not statistically significant. The application of such fuel-additive products could be beneficial for mitigating nitrogen oxides exhaust emissions from petrol vehicles in countries with ageing car fleets. These include New Zealand, which has a relatively high proportion of old cars in use, with no government-run scrappage scheme, and without a mandatory objective emissions testing.
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Gillor, Osnat, Stefan Wuertz, Karen Shapiro, Nirit Bernstein, Woutrina Miller, Patricia Conrad, and Moshe Herzberg. Science-Based Monitoring for Produce Safety: Comparing Indicators and Pathogens in Water, Soil, and Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7613884.bard.

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Using treated wastewater (TWW) for crop irrigation represents an important opportunity for ensuring adequate food production in light of growing freshwater scarcity worldwide. However, the environmentally sustainable approach of using TWW for irrigation can lead to contamination of produce with fecal pathogens that may remain in treated water. The overall goal of this research was to evaluate the correlation between the presence of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and that of a suite of human pathogens in TWW, the irrigated soil, and crops. Field experiments were conducted to compare secondary and tertiary TWW with dechlorinated tap water for irrigation of tomatoes, a typical commercial crop, in Israel, a semi-arid country. Human pathogens including bacteria (Salmonella), protozoa (Cryptosporidiumand Giardia), and viruses (Adenovirus [AV Types A, B, C & 40/41] and Enterovirus [EV71 subtypes]) were monitored in two field trials using a combination of microscopic, cultivation-based, and molecular (qPCR) techniques. Results from the field trials indicate that microbial contamination on the surface of tomatoes did not appear to be associated with the source of irrigated waters; FIB contamination was not statistically different on tomatoes irrigated with TWW as compared to tomatoes irrigated with potable water. In fact, Indicator bacteria testing did not predict the presence of pathogens in any of the matrices tested. High concentrations of FIB were detected in water and on tomato surfaces from all irrigation treatment schemes, while pathogen contamination on tomato surfaces (Cryptosporidiumand Salmonella) was only detected on crops irrigated with TWW. These results suggest that regular monitoring for pathogens should take place to accurately detect presence of harmful microorganisms that could threaten consumer safety. A notable result from our study is that the large numbers of FIB in the water did not appear to lead to FIB accumulation in the soil. With the exception of two samples, E. coli that was present at 10³ to 10⁴ cells/100 mL in the water, was not detected in the soil. Other bacterial targets associated with the enteric environment (e. g., Proteusspp.) as well as protozoal pathogens were detected in the TWW, but not in the soil. These findings suggest that significant microbial transfer to the soil from TWW did not occur in this study. The pattern of FIB contamination on the surfaces of tomatoes was the same for all treatment types, and showed a temporal effect with more contamination detected as the duration of the field trial increased. An important observation revealed that water quality dramatically deteriorated between the time of its release from the wastewater treatment plant and the time it was utilized for irrigation, highlighting the importance of performing water quality testing throughout the growing season at the cultivation site.
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Ripoll, Santiago, Tabitha Hrynick, Ashley Ouvrier, Megan Schmidt-Sane, Federico Marco Federici, and Elizabeth Storer. 10 façons dont les gouvernements locaux en milieu urbain multiculturel peuvent appuyer l’égalité vaccinale en cas de pandémie. SSHAP, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2023.001.

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Si l’on s’en tient aux chiffres de la vaccination contre la COVID-19 dans les pays du G7, la campagne apparaît comme un véritable succès tant au niveau global qu’au niveau national. En effet, à ce jour, 79,4 % de la population totale des pays du G7 a reçu une première dose, 72,9 % une seconde, et 45,4 % une dose de rappel (données du 28 avril 2022) 1 En France, c’est 80,6 % de la population totale qui a reçu une première dose, 78,2 % qui a reçu deux doses, et 55,4 % qui a reçu un rappel (données du 28 avril 2022).2 Au Royaume-Uni, 79,3 % de la population totale a reçu une première dose, 74,1 % une seconde, et 58,5 % un rappel.1 Enfin, en Italie, 85,2 % de la population totale a reçu une première dose, 80,4 % a reçu deux doses et 66,5 % a reçu leurs rappels (données du 28 avril 2022). Ces taux de vaccination élevés masquent pourtant des disparités importantes à l’intérieur de chaque pays. Ainsi, à Marseille, deuxième ville de France, moins de 50 % des habitants des quartiers nord de la ville étaient vaccinés à la fin de l’année 2021, alors que plus de 70 % des habitants des quartiers sud l’étaient au même moment.3 Dans le quartier populaire de Ealing, situé au nord-ouest de Londres, 70 % de la population admissible avait reçu une première dose, soit près de 10 % de moins que la moyenne nationale. 4 (Données du 4 avril 2022). Des disparités similaires ont été observées dans d’autres métropoles urbaines des pays du G7. Ce document examine ces disparités au prisme de la notion d’« (in)égalité vaccinale ». En s’appuyant sur des recherches qualitatives menées pendant la campagne de vaccination de la COVID-19 dans les quartiers nord de Marseille, le quartier de Ealing à Londres (Nord-ouest) et dans la région de l'Émilie-Romagne et à Rome, en Italie, il montre comment les autorités locales peuvent agir pour atténuer ces inégalités. Mieux comprendre les inégalités en matière de vaccins fut primordial lors de la pandémie de la COVID-19 en ce sens que les populations sous-vaccinées étaient la plupart du temps des minorités ethniques ou culturelles, vivant dans des zones défavorisées, ou sans-papiers, donc plus susceptibles de contracter la COVID-19, et d’en subir les conséquences les plus dramatiques. 5 6 7 8 Ainsi, à Ealing, quatre mois après la campagne de vaccination, seulement 57,6% des personnes dans le décile de pauvreté le plus bas avaient reçu une dose, contre 81% des personnes dans le décile le plus aisé. 9 En outre, 89,2 % des résidents britanniques blancs de Ealing étaient vaccinés, contre 64 % des Pakistanais et 49,3 % des habitants issus des Caraïbes.9 À Rome, comme c’est le cas dans d’autres métropoles urbaines des pays du G7, nos données révèlent des disparités particulières importantes entre le recours aux vaccins des populations sans papiers et celui des citoyens établis. Les facteurs d’inégalité vaccinale dans ces environnements urbains sont complexes et liés à l’interaction de nombreux phénomènes tels que les inégalités économiques, le racisme structurel, l'inégalité d'accès aux soins de santé, la méfiance envers les professionnels de santé, les représentants de l'État, et plus encore. Les collectivités locales tout comme les professionnels de la santé, les groupes communautaires et les résidents jouent un rôle clé dans la manière dont s’exprime l’(in)égalité vaccinale. Pour autant, peu de leçons ont été systématiquement tirées des efforts menés en matière d’ «engagement vaccinal » au niveau local. Dans ce document, nous proposons d’expliquer comment l’expérience des inégalités structurelles se recoupe avec celle des habitants, et comment ces expériences ont été prises en compte ou au contraire ignorées dans la promotion et l’administration des vaccins contre la COVID-19 par les collectivités locales. Nous adressons également un ensemble de recommandations qui s’appliquent aux programmes de « vaccination de rattrapage » contre la COVID-19 (visant à atteindre les personnes qui n’ont pas encore reçu leur schéma vaccinal complet), mais elles concernent également les programmes de vaccination d'urgence à venir. Ce document repose sur des recherches menées entre octobre et décembre 2021 à Marseille et sur des échanges réguliers avec les autorités du Borough de Ealing initiés dès mai 2021. Il identifie comment les gouvernements locaux, les acteurs de la santé, les groupes communautaires et les résidents jouent un rôle clé dans la production d’(in)égalités vaccinales. Ce document a été élaboré pour la SSHAP par Santiago Ripoll (IDS), Tavitha Hrynick (IDS), Ashley Ouvrier (LaSSA), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Federico Federici (UCL) et Elizabeth Storer (LSE). Il a été revu par Eloisa Franchi (Université de Pavie) et Ellen Schwartz (Conseil de santé publique de Hackney). La recherche a été financée par la British Academy COVID-19 Recovery : Fonds G7 (COVG7210038). Les recherches ont été menées à l’Institut d’études du développement (IDS), à l’Université de Sussex et au Laboratoire des sciences sociales appliquées (LaSSA). La SSHAP en assume la responsabilité.
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The value of the Food Hygiene Rating Scheme: Business research. Food Standards Agency, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.sqn495.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is responsible for food safety across England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. As part of its work on the Achieving Business Compliance (ABC) programme, the FSA wanted to understand in more detail how Local Authorities (LAs), businesses and consumers feel about the current Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS). In addition, the FSA wanted to capture consumer views on potential changes to the regulatory approach. To this purpose, the FSA commissioned Ipsos UK to conduct qualitative research to explore the views of businesses about the FHRS.
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The value of the Food Hygiene Rating Scheme: Local authority research. Food Standards Agency, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.epq845.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is responsible for food safety across England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. As part of its work on the Achieving Business Compliance (ABC) programme, the FSA wanted to understand in more detail how Local Authorities (LAs), businesses and consumers feel about the current Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS). In addition, the FSA wanted to capture consumer views on potential changes to the regulatory approach. To this purpose, the FSA commissioned Ipsos UK to conduct qualitative research to explore the views of LAs about the FHRS.
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Value of FHRS Consumer Research. Food Standards Agency, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.fhj530.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is responsible for food safety across England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. As part of its work on the Achieving Business Compliance (ABC) programme, the FSA wanted to understand in more detail how LAs (LAs), businesses and consumers feel about the current Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS). In addition, the FSA wanted to capture consumer views on potential changes to the regulatory approach. To this purpose, the FSA commissioned Ipsos UK to conduct qualitative research to explore consumers’ views to: 1. Assess the value of the FHRS scheme according to consumers. 2. Assess consumer views of possible areas of change in regulatory approach.
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Event-Triggered Adaptive Robust Control for Lateral Stability of Steer-by-Wire Vehicles with Abrupt Nonlinear Faults. SAE International, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-5056.

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Because autonomous vehicles (AVs) equipped with active front steering have the features of time varying, uncertainties, high rate of fault, and high burden on the in-vehicle networks, this article studies the adaptive robust control problem for improving lateral stability in steer-by-wire (SBW) vehicles in the presence of abrupt nonlinear faults. First, an upper-level robust H∞ controller is designed to obtain the desired front-wheel steering angle for driving both the yaw rate and the sideslip angle to reach their correct values. Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy modeling method, which has shown the extraordinary ability in coping with the issue of nonlinear, is applied to deal with the challenge of the changing longitudinal velocity. The output of the upper controller can be calculated by a parallel distributed compensation (PDC) scheme. Then an event-triggered adaptive fault-tolerant lower controller (ET-AFTC) is proposed to drive the whole SBW system driving the desired steering angle offered by the upper controller with fewer communication resources and strong robustness. By employing a backstepping technique, the tracking performance is improved. The dynamic surface control (DSC) approach is used to avoid the problem of repeated differentiations, and Nussbaum function is adopted to overcome the difficulty of unknown nonlinear control gain. Both the stability of the upper and lower controllers can be guaranteed by Lyapunov functions. Finally, the simulations of Matlab/Simulink are given to show that the proposed control strategy is effectively able to deal with the abrupt nonlinear fault via less communication resources and perform better in ensuring the yaw stability of the vehicle.
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