Academic literature on the topic 'Autonomous vehicle fleet'
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Journal articles on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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Mendes, Lucas Mestres, Manel Rivera Bennàssar, and Joseph Y. J. Chow. "Comparison of Light Rail Streetcar Against Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleet for Brooklyn–Queens Connector in New York City." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2650, no. 1 (January 2017): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2650-17.
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Policy makers predict that autonomous vehicles will have significant market penetration in the next decade or so. In several simulation studies shared autonomous vehicle fleets have been shown to be effective public transit alternatives. This study compared the effectiveness of a shared autonomous vehicle fleet with an upcoming transit project proposed in New York City, the Brooklyn–Queens Connector light rail project. The study developed an event-based simulation model to compare the performance of the shared autonomous vehicle system with the light rail system under the same demand patterns, route alignment, and operating speeds. The simulation experiments revealed that a shared autonomous vehicle fleet of 500 vehicles of 12-person capacity (consistent with the EZ10 vehicle) would be needed to match the 39-vehicle light rail system if operated as a fixed-route system. However, as a demand-responsive system, a fleet of only 150 vehicles would lead to the same total travel time (22 min) as the 39-vehicle fleet light rail system. Furthermore, a fleet of 450 12-person vehicles in a demand-responsive operation would have the same average wait times while reducing total travel times by 36%. The implications for system resiliency, idle vehicle allocation, and vehicle modularity are discussed.
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Gandomani, Roxana, Moataz Mohamed, Amir Amiri, and Saiedeh Razavi. "System Optimization of Shared Mobility in Suburban Contexts." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020876.
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Shared mobility is a viable choice to improve the connectivity of lower-density neighbourhoods or suburbs that lack high-frequency public transportation services. In addition, its integration with new forms of powertrain and autonomous technologies can achieve more sustainable and efficient transportation. This study compares four shared-mobility technologies in suburban areas: the Internal Combustion Engine, Battery Electric, and two Autonomous Electric Vehicle scenarios, for various passenger capacities ranging from three to fifteen. The study aims to provide policymakers, transportation planners, and transit providers with insights into the potential costs and benefits as well as system configurations of shared mobility in a suburban context. A vehicle routing problem with time windows was applied using the J-Horizon software to optimize the costs of serving existing intra-community demand. The results indicate a similar fleet composition for Battery Electric and Autonomous Electric fleets. Furthermore, the resulting fleet for all four technologies is dominated by larger vehicle capacities. Due to the large share of driver cost in the total cost, the savings using a fleet of Autonomous Electric Vehicles are predicted to be 68% and 70%, respectively, compared to Internal Combustion and Battery Electric fleets.
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Hyland, Michael F., and Hani S. Mahmassani. "Taxonomy of Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Management Problems to Inform Future Transportation Mobility." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2653, no. 1 (January 2017): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2653-04.
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This paper presents a taxonomy for classifying vehicle fleet management problems, across several dimensions, to inform future research on autonomous vehicle (AV) fleets. Modeling the AV fleet management problem will bring about new classes of vehicle routing, scheduling, and fleet management problems; nevertheless, the existing literature related to vehicle routing, scheduling, and fleet management is a valuable foundation for future research on the AV fleet management problem. This paper classifies the broadly defined AV fleet management problem by using existing taxonomic categories in the literature; adds additional, or more nuanced, dimensions to existing taxonomic categories; and presents new taxonomic categories to classify specific AV fleet management problems. The broadly defined AV fleet management problem can be classified as a dynamic multivehicle pickup and delivery problem with explicit or implicit time window constraints. Existing studies that fit into this class of fleet management problems are reviewed. New taxonomy categories presented in this paper include fleet size elasticity, reservation structure, accept–reject decision maker, reservation time frame, ridesharing, vehicle repositioning, underlying network structure, and network congestion. Two goals of the taxonomy presented in this study are to provide researchers with a valuable reference as they begin to model AV fleet management problems and to present novel AV fleet management problems to spur interest from researchers.
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Hartmann, Martin, and Peter Vortisch. "A German Passenger Car and Heavy Vehicle Stock Model: Towards an Autonomous Vehicle Fleet." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 46 (June 17, 2018): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782042.
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Automated vehicles are becoming a reality. Many pilot projects have already begun demonstrating the technological capabilities, as public authorities now allow the testing of automated vehicles in real traffic. To smooth the transition from a conventional to an automated fleet, effective fiscal and regulatory policies must be developed by governmental agencies. But at what rate will automated vehicles actually be adopted, and what automation technology will be available for use in new cars joining the national fleet? A national vehicle stock model can be used to answer these questions and to observe the aggregate impact of governmental policies on individual vehicle purchase decisions. In this paper, we present a passenger car and heavy vehicle stock cohort model that forecasts the diffusion of automation technology in Germany. The model uses national data on vehicle stock and vehicle utilization patterns on German freeways and predicts market shares of generic automation levels in predefined instances of a trend scenario. Results point toward market saturation of automated vehicles beyond 2050, with almost 90% of the passenger car fleet being classified as at least partially automatized by this date. The results also suggest that technology diffusion will be faster in the heavy vehicle fleet than in the passenger car fleet. This implies a positive correlation between emission-linked road user charges for heavy vehicles on the freeway network and the renewal rate of the heavy vehicle fleet. The forecast shares of automated vehicles can be used as an input for traffic flow simulations or as a basis for those infrastructure measures and traffic policies that are sensitive to the share of automated vehicles.
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Moreno, Ana T., Andrzej Michalski, Carlos Llorca, and Rolf Moeckel. "Shared Autonomous Vehicles Effect on Vehicle-Km Traveled and Average Trip Duration." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8969353.
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Intermediate modes of transport, such as shared vehicles or ride sharing, are starting to increase their market share at the expense of traditional modes of car, public transport, and taxi. In the advent of autonomous vehicles, single occupancy shared vehicles are expected to substitute at least in part private conventional vehicle trips. The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of shared autonomous vehicles on average trip duration and vehicle-km traveled in a large metropolitan area. A stated preference online survey was designed to gather data on the willingness to use shared autonomous vehicles. Then, commute trips and home-based other trips were generated microscopically for a synthetic population in the greater Munich metropolitan area. Individuals who traveled by auto were selected to switch from a conventional vehicle to a shared autonomous vehicle subject to their willingness to use them. The effect of shared autonomous vehicles on urban mobility was assessed through traffic simulations in MATSim with a varying autonomous taxi fleet size. The results indicated that the total traveled distance increased by up to 8% after autonomous fleets were introduced. Current travel demand can still be satisfied with an acceptable waiting time when 10 conventional vehicles are replaced with 4 shared autonomous vehicles.
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Soni, Aakash, and Huosheng Hu. "Formation Control for a Fleet of Autonomous Ground Vehicles: A Survey." Robotics 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics7040067.
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Autonomous/unmanned driving is the major state-of-the-art step that has a potential to fundamentally transform the mobility of individuals and goods. At present, most of the developments target standalone autonomous vehicles, which can sense the surroundings and control the vehicle based on this perception, with limited or no driver intervention. This paper focuses on the next step in autonomous vehicle research, which is the collaboration between autonomous vehicles, mainly vehicle formation control or vehicle platooning. To gain a deeper understanding in this area, a large number of the existing published papers have been reviewed systemically. In other words, many distributed and decentralized approaches of vehicle formation control are studied and their implementations are discussed. Finally, both technical and implementation challenges for formation control are summarized.
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Reichsöllner, Emanuel, Andreas Freymann, Mirko Sonntag, and Ingo Trautwein. "SUMO4AV: An Environment to Simulate Scenarios for Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleets with SUMO Based on OpenStreetMap Data." SUMO Conference Proceedings 3 (September 29, 2022): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52825/scp.v3i.113.
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In the past years the progress in the development of autonomous vehicles has increased tremendously. There are still technical, infrastructural and regulative obstacles which need to be overcome. However, there is a clear consent among experts that fully autonomous vehicles (level 5 of driving automation) will become reality in the coming years or at least in the coming decades. When fully autonomous vehicles are widely available for a fair trip price and when they can easily be utilized, a big shift from privately owned cars to carsharing will happen. On the one hand, this shift can bring a lot of chances for cities like the need of less parking space. But on the other hand, there is the risk of an increased traffic when walking or biking trips are substituted by trips with shared autonomous vehicle fleets. While the expected social, ecological and economical impact of widely used shared autonomous vehicle fleets is tremendous, there are hardly any scientific studies or data available for the effects on cities and municipalities. The research project KI4ROBOFLEET addressed this demand. A result of the project was SUMO4AV, a simulation environment for shared autonomous vehicle fleets, which we present in this paper. This simulation tool is based on SUMO, an open-source traffic simulation package. SUMO4AV can support city planners and carsharing companies to evaluate the chances and risks of running shared autonomous fleets in their local environment with their specific infrastructure. At its core it comprises the mapping of OpenStreetMap1 entities into SUMO objects as well as a Scenario Builder to create different operation scenarios for autonomous driving. Additionally, the simulation tool offers a recursive execution with different fleet sizes and optimization strategies evaluated by economic and ecologic parameters. As evaluation of the toolset a simulation of an ordinary scenario was performed. The workflow to simulate the scenario for shared autonomous vehicle fleets was successfully processed with the SUMO4AV environment.
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Chen, Hong Yun, Yan Qiang Li, Zi Hui Zhang, and Yong Wang. "Test Method for Decision Planning of Autonomous Vehicles Based on DQN Algorithm." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 03022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125303022.
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In February 2020, Beijing, China andCalifornia, USA respectively released road test reports of 2019 for autonomous vehicles. Beijing and California respectively represent the highest level of testing and application of autonomous vehicles in the two countries. This article will compare the test items, evaluation criteria and technical defects of each autonomous vehicle company in the road test reports of China and the United States, also analyze the existing problems, and propose an idea for the construction of a comprehensive test site for autonomous vehicles. This article aims to solve the prominently exposed problems in decision-making and planning in autonomous vehicles with DQN algorithm-base vehicle fleet, and to look forward to the future development trend of autonomous driving testing.
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Schlenther, Tilmann, Kai Martins-Turner, Joschka Felix Bischoff, and Kai Nagel. "Potential of Private Autonomous Vehicles for Parcel Delivery." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 11 (September 10, 2020): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120949878.
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Using the same vehicles for both passenger and freight transport, to increase vehicle occupancy and decrease their number, is an idea that drives transport planners and is also being addressed by manufacturers. This paper proposes a methodology to simulate the behavior of such vehicles within an urban traffic system and evaluate their performance. The aim is to investigate the impacts of resignation from fleet ownership by a transport service company (TSC) operating on a city-wide scale. In the simulation, the service provider hires private autonomous cars for tour performance. Based on assumptions concerning the operation of such vehicles and TSCs, the software Multi-Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) is extended to model vehicle and operator behavior. The proposed framework is applied to a case study of a parcel delivery service in Berlin serving a synthetic parcel demand. Results suggest that the vehicle miles traveled for freight purposes increase because of additional access and egress trips. Moreover, the number of vehicles en route is higher throughout the day. The lowering of driver costs can reduce the costs of the operator by approximately 74.5%. If the service provider additionally considers the resignation from fleet ownership, it might lower the operation cost by another 10%, not taking into account the costs of system transfer or risks like vehicle non-availability. From an economic perspective, the reduction of the overall number of vehicles in the system seems to be beneficial.
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Hogeveen, Peter, Maarten Steinbuch, Geert Verbong, and Auke Hoekstra. "Quantifying the Fleet Composition at Full Adoption of Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicles: An Agent-based Approach." Open Transportation Journal 15, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447802115010047.
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Aims: Exploring the impact of full adoption of fit-for-demand shared and autonomous electric vehicles on the passenger vehicle fleet of a society. Background: Shared Eutonomous Electric Vehicles (SAEVs) are expected to have a disruptive impact on the mobility sector. Reduced cost for mobility and increased accessibility will induce new mobility demand and the vehicles that provide it will be fit-for-demand vehicles. Both these aspects have been qualitatively covered in recent research, but there have not yet been attempts to quantify fleet compositions in scenarios where passenger transport is dominated by fit-for-demand, one-person autonomous vehicles. Objective: To quantify the composition of the future vehicle fleet when all passenger vehicles are autonomous, shared and fit-for-demand and where cheap and accessible mobility has significantly increased the mobility demand. Methods: An agent-based model is developed to model detailed travel dynamics of a large population. Numerical data is used to mimic actual driving motions in the Netherlands. Next, passenger vehicle trips are changed to trips with fit-for-demand vehicles, and new mobility demand is added in the form of longer tips, more frequent trips, modal shifts from public transport, redistribution of shared vehicles, and new user groups. Two scenarios are defined for the induced mobility demand from SAEVs, one scenario with limited increased mobility demand, and one scenario with more than double the current mobility demand. Three categories of fit-for-demand vehicles are stochastically mapped to all vehicle trips based on each trip's characteristics. The vehicle categories contain two one-person vehicle types and one multi-person vehicle type. Results: The simulations show that at full adoption of SAEVs, the maximum daily number of passenger vehicles on the road increases by 60% to 180%. However, the total fleet size could shrink by up to 90% if the increase in mobility demand is limited. An 80% reduction in fleet size is possible at more than doubling the current mobility demand. Additionally, about three-quarters of the SAEVs can be small one-person vehicles. Conclusion: Full adoption of fit-for-demand SAEVs is expected to induce new mobility demand. However, the results of this research indicate that there would be 80% to 90% less vehicles required in such a situation, and the vast majority would be one-person vehicles. Such vehicles are less resource-intense and, because of their size and electric drivetrains, are significantly more energy-efficient than the average current-day vehicle. This research indicates the massive potential of SAEVs to lower both the cost and the environmental impact of the mobility sector. Quantification of these environmental benefits and reduced mobility costs are proposed for further research.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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He, Mingzhe, and Xinyu Lin. "Connected Tyres : Real-time Tyre Monitoring System for Fleet& Autonomous Vehicles with Tyre WearEstimation through Sensor Fusion." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290080.
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Tyres are one crucial part for vehicles, as they are the only contact pointbetween the vehicle and the road. Intelligent tyres are a trending new subjectin the tyre industry. They are designed to monitor various tyre states and sendthis information to both drivers and remote servers. The master thesis focuseson the proposal of a real-time tyre monitoring system for fleet and autonomousvehicles. It includes developing a tyre wear model and analysis of the currenttyre pressure monitoring functionality by leveraging the connectivity of fleetvehicles equipped with a Volvo web cloud service. The tyre wear model indirectlymonitors the tread depth of the vehicles all four tyres by identifyingcharacteristics between worn and fresh tyres. The two characteristics are identifiedby monitoring and analyzing vehicle speed and braking signals. The twocharacteristics is input to a voting scheme which decides when a worn tyre isdetected. The test vehicle was a Volvo XC40 with three types of tyres: wintertyres, summer tyres and worn summer tyres. The wear model gives 90 %accuracy to 10 set of test data, randomly selected from all dataset at HälleredProving Ground (Sweden). The connectivity realizes the data transmissionfrom the raw data of onCAN and FlexRay signals stored in a Volvo web cloudservice to the tyre monitoring fleet system. The signals are filtered and resampled,leaving the required signals of the tyre pressure monitor system andthe tyre wear model. Two signals, Calibration Status and iTPMS Status, areused to perform a statistical analysis on tyre pressure by categorizing the calibrationstatus and the tyre pressure conditions.The project outcome is an interfacebuilt on MATLAB GUI for demonstration of vehicle identification andtyre health conditions, with the embedded tyre wear model and connectivity.Däck är en viktig del för fordon, eftersom de är den enda kontaktpunktenmellan fordonet och vägen. Intelligenta däck är ett trendigt nytt ämne i däckindustrin.De är utformade för att övervaka olika däcktillstånd och skicka dennainformation till både förare och fjärrservrar. Examensarbetet är inriktat på ettförslag till ett däckövervakningssystem i realtid för fordonsflottor och autonomafordon och inkluderar en däckslitagesmodell och anslutning. Det inkluderaratt utveckla en slitagemodell och analys av den aktuella däcktrycksövervakningsfunktionengenom att studera Volvos fordonspark som är utrustade medVolvos webbmolntjänst. Däckens slitagemodell övervakar indirekt slitbanedjupetpå alla fyra däck genom att identifiera egenskaper mellan slitna och nyadäck. De två egenskaperna identifieras genom att övervaka och analysera fordonshastighet och bromssignaler. De två egenskaperna är inmatade i ett röstningsschemasom avgör när ett slitet däck upptäcks. Testfordonet var en VolvoXC40 med tre typer av däck, vinterdäck samt nya och slitna sommardäck.Modellen ger 90 % noggrannhet för 10 uppsättningar testdata, slumpmässigtvalda från alla dataset på Hällered provbana (Sverige). Anslutningen genomfördataöverföringen av rådata från onCAN och FlexRay-signaler lagrade ienVolvoswebbmolntjänst till däcksövervakningssystemet. Signalerna filtrerasoch samplas på nytt för att skapa de nödvändiga signalerna till däcktrycksövervakningssystemetoch däckslitagemodellen. Två signaler, kalibreringsstatusoch iTPMS-status, används för att utföra en statistisk analys av däcktrycketgenom att kategorisera kalibreringsstatus och däcktrycksförhållanden. Projektetsresultat är ett gränssnitt byggt på MATLAB GUI för demonstration avfordonsidentifiering och däcktillstånd. med inbäddad däckslitagemodell ochanslutning.
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Paul, Johanna. "Design and development of a graphical user interface for the monitoring process of an automated guided vehicle fleet." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281289.
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Many different autonomously driving mobile robots are used for industrial transports of materials or oods in the context of internal logistic processes because of different use cases. The problem for the users that need to monitor the robots is that each manufacturer provides its own graphical user interface (GUI) wi th different operating modes and visual designs, which requires different trainings and constant swi tching between software. Therefore, this paper shows the design and development process of a graphical user interface in the form of a web application for the monitoring process of a fleet of automated guided vehicles from different manufacturers and answers the following question: "What are the main criteria when designing a graphical user interface with high usability for the monitoring process of manufacturer-independent automa ted guided vehicle f leets?” To answer the question, existing graphical user interfaces from different manufacturers were analyzed and interviews with developers and end-users of the GUIs were conducted. Requirements were then derived, on whose basis sketching, wireframing and high-fidelity prototyping have been performed. Usability testing and a heuristic evaluation were chosen to improve the application and its usability continually. As a result, the following six main criteria could be derived that summarize the most essential points to consider when designing such a GUI: administrabi lity, adaptiveness, observability, analyzability, robot and job awareness, and intervention.Många olika autonomt körande mobila robotar används för industriell transport av material eller varor i samband med interna logistiska processer till följd av olika användningsfall. Problemet för de användare som behöver övervaka robotarna är att varje tillverkare tillhandahåller sitt eget grafiska användargränssnitt (GUI) med olika driftsätt och visuella utformningar, vilket kräver olika utbildningar och ständig växling mellan mjukvara. Denna uppsats visar därför design- och utvecklingsprocessen för ett grafiskt användargränssnitt i form av en webbapplikation för övervakningsprocessen för en samling av automatiserade guidade fordon från olika tillverkare, och svarar på följande fråga: "Vilka är de viktigaste kriterierna vid utformningen av ett grafiskt användargränssnitt med hög användbarhet för övervakningsprocessen av automatiserade guidade fordonsamlingar, oboeroande av tillverkare?” För att svara på frågan analyserades befintliga grafiska användargränssnitt från olika tillverkare, samt intervjuer med utvecklare och slutanvändare av GUI:erna utfördes. Krav härleddes sedan, baserat på vilka skisser, wireframing och hifi -prototyper som har utförts. Användbarhetstest och en heuristisk utvärdering valdes för att kontinuerligt förbättra applikationen och dess användbarhet. Som ett resultat kan följande sex huvudkriterier härledas, de sammanfattar de viktigaste punkterna att tänka på när man utformar ett sådant GUI: förmåga att administrera, anpassningsförmåga, observerbarhet, analyserbarhet, robot- och jobbmedvetenhet och intervention.
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Bsaybes, Sahar. "Models and algorithms for fleet management of autonomous vehicles." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC114/document.
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Résumé indisponibleThe VIPAFLEET project aims at developing a framework to manage a fleet of IndividualPublic Autonomous Vehicles (VIPA). We consider a fleet of cars distributed at specifiedstations in an industrial area to supply internal transportation, where the cars can beused in different modes of circulation (tram mode, elevator mode, taxi mode). The goalis to develop and implement suitable algorithms for each mode in order to satisfy all therequests either under an economic point aspect or under a quality of service aspect, thisby varying the studied objective functions.We model the underlying online transportation system as a discrete event basedsystem and propose a corresponding fleet management framework, to handle modes,demands and commands. We consider three modes of circulation, tram, elevator andtaxi mode. We propose for each mode appropriate online algorithms and evaluate theirperformance, both in terms of competitive analysis and practical behavior by computationalresults. We treat in this work, the pickup and delivery problem related to theTram mode and the Elevator mode the pickup and delivery problem with time windowsrelated to the taxi mode by means of flows in time-expanded networks
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Wegener, Jan-Thierry. "Redeployment in Convoys of Fleets of Shared Vehicles." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22722/document.
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L’autopartage est une manière moderne de louer une voiture. C'est un système attractif pour les clients qui utilisent une voiture occasionnellement. Dans un système d’autopartage, une flotte de véhicules est répartie sur une aire urbaine. Les client peuvent prendre ou rendre une voiture à n'importe quel moment et à n'importe quelle station, à condition qu’il y ait une voiture de libre à la station de départ et qu’il y a une place de parking libre à la station de destination. Pour s'en assurer, les clients peuvent réserver une voiture en avance. Pour qu’un tel système fonctionne de manière satisfaisante, il faut que le nombre de véhicules et le nombre de places libres dans les stations s'équilibrent. Cela conduit à un problème d'équilibre d'occupation des stations, appelé problème de relocalisation : un opérateur doit surveiller l'occupation des stations et décider quand et de quelle manière les voiture doivent être deplacées d’une station « trop pleine » à une station « insuffisamment pleine ». Nous considérons un système d’autopartage innovant, où les voitures sont partiellement autonomes. Cela permet de constituer des convois de véhicules que dirige un véhicule spécial, de sorte qu'un convoi est mis en mouvement par un seul conducteur. Cette configuration est similaire au système mis en place pour les vélos en libre-service, où un camion peut déplacer plusieurs vélos simultanément pendant le processus de la relocalisation. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous développons les aspects dynamiques et statiques du problème de relocalisation. Le « problème de relocalisation dynamique » décrit la situation où les voitures sont déplacées pendant les heures de travail afin de satisfaire les besoins des clients. L’opérateur doit prendre des décisions « dynamiques », en fonction de la situation. Dans le cadre du « problème de relocalisation statique », nous supposons qu’il n'y a aucune interaction (ou très peu) entre les clients et le système. Cette situation se produit lorsque le système est préparé pour le lendemain (ex : processus de la relocalisation effectué pendant la nuit). Nous modélisons le problème de relocalisation dans le cadre d’un système de tâches métriques. Ensuite, nous analysons les deux problèmes et nous donnons des stratégies pour les résoudre. Enfin, nous effectuons quelques expériences de calcul pour examiner l’applicabilité des algorithmes présentés en pratiqueCarsharing is a modern way of car rental, attractive to customers who make only occasional use of a car on demand. In a carsharing system, a fleet of cars is distributed at specified stations in an urban area, customers can take a car at any time and station and return it at any time and station, provided that there is a car available at the start station and a free place at the destination station. To ensure the latter, customers have to book their demands in advance. For operating such a system in a satisfactory way, the stations have to keep a good ratio between the total number of places and the number of cars in each station, in order to serve as many requests as possible. This leads to the problem of balancing the load of the stations, called Relocation Problem: an operator has to monitor the load and to decide when and how to move cars from “overfull” stations to “underfull” ones. We consider an innovative carsharing system, where the cars are partly autonomous, which allows to build wireless convoys of cars leaded by a special vehicle, such that the whole convoy is moved by only one driver. This setting is similar to bikesharing, where trucks can simultaneously move several bikes during the relocation process. In this thesis, we address the dynamic and static aspects of the Relocation Problem. The “Dynamic Relocation Problem” describes the situation when cars can be moved between stations during the working hours in order to satisfy the needs of the customers. Hereby, the operator has to make decisions dynamically according to the current situation. In the “Static Relocation Problem” we assume that there is no (or only little) interaction by customers with the system. This situation occurs when the carsharing system is prepared for the next day, i.e., the relocation process is performed during the night. We model the Relocation Problem in the framework of a metric task system. Afterwards, we theoretically analyze both problems and give strategies to solve them. Finally, we perform some computational experiments to examine the applicability of the presented algorithms in practice
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Rattanasiri, Pareecha. "Optimisation of a fleet of autonomous underwater vehicles to minimise energy dissipation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366503/.
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The range of an AUV is dictated by its finite energy source and minimising the energy consumption is required to maximise its endurance. For an individual AUV, this may be achieved by obtaining the optimum hydrodynamic hull shape design. For a fleet of multiple AUVs, this may be targeted for both individuals and the entire fleet. The purpose of this work is, firstly, to develop a rational approach to find an optimal hull shape, secondly, to provide guidance for operators on suitable configuration for multiple AUVs' missions, finally, to investigate the influence of the propeller on the drag of twin self-propelled AUVs. An AUV hull form has been optimised to obtain low resistance hull. Hydrodynamic optimisation of hull form has been carried out by employing five parametric geometry models with a streamlined constraint. Three Genetic Algorithm optimisation procedures are applied by three simple drag predictions which are based on the potential flow method. The results highlight the effectiveness of considering the proposed hull shape optimisation procedure for the early stage of AUV hull design. The influence on the drag of the fleet of multiple towed prolate spheroids is investigated with various configurations and spacings. A series of three-dimensional simulations are performed using a commercial RANS-CFD code ANSYS CFX 12.1 with the SST turbulence closure model at the length Reynolds Number of 3:2 x 106. The results show that the spacing between two hulls determines the drags. Seven zones based on the drag characteristic of twin towed models are classified. Both the multi vehicle vee and echelon configurations show limited influence against that of the entire fleet's energy budget. Then the investigation extended to determine the combined drag of a pair of propelled prolate spheroids at various longitudinal offsets and transverse separations. The RANS-HO propeller models are selected to estimate the time averaged thrust and torque of the propeller. The results show that the self-propelled vehicles experience an additional drag which is dominated by the thrust distribution of the propeller rather than torque. The drag of the following AUV is increased due to the upstream propeller, defined as a propeller race deduction. The two sources of self-propelled drag increment are the viscous interaction and a direct result of proximity to the propeller race upstream. The result highlights the importance of both thrust deduction and propeller race deductions when calculating the propulsive power consumption. Based on this optimisation procedure and this numerical data, operators can design the optimal hull shape of an individual AUV including the determination of the optimal configurations in transverse separation and longitudinal offset based on energy considerations of fleets of multiple AUVs, it can be very effective at the early design stage.
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Mohamed, Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud. "Contrôle et commande d'une flotte de véhicules autonomes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0626.
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Les travaux de cette thèse sont consacrés au contrôle et à la commande d'une flotte de plusieurs véhicules (4 à 10 véhicules). Une commande longitudinale est proposée fondée sur l'approche globale décentralisée, pour laquelle les informations du leader et du prédécesseur sont supposées accessibles pour calculer la loi de contrôle en utilisant une commande linéarisante par la dynamique inverse. Ce concept de contrôle permet de suivre une vitesse de référence imposée par le véhicule de tête, tout en respectant une distance de sécurité (variable et constante) pour éviter les collisions. La commande longitudinale est couplée avec la commande latérale qui fait appel à une approche par mode de glissement pour suivre la trajectoire désirée du leader. En outre, des différents observateurs par mode de glissement sont développés. Ces observateurs sont destinés à calculer la dynamique non linéaire dans les commandes de chaque véhicule. La flotte est traitée dans un second temps dans les trajectoires à plusieurs voies (configuration ligne). Deux approches de contrôle sont proposées pour contrôler les véhicules dans les différentes voies (trois voies : i, j et k). Les véhicules sont contrôlés dans la première stratégie pour suivre la vitesse du leader. Cependant, dans la seconde approche, la vitesse désirée du leader est modifiée lors de la présence d'un mouvement latéral de façon à respecter la notion de flotte. Les véhicules sont également contrôlés pour éviter les obstacles et passer à la voie suivante en générant une trajectoire d'évitement de l'obstacle qui tient en compte la distance de sécurité entre les véhicules et l'obstacle, et entre les véhicules eux-mêmesThe works of this thesis are focused on the control and command of a fleet of many vehicles (4 to 10 vehicles). A longitudinal control is proposed based on the decentralized global approach, for which the information of the leader and the predecessor are assumed to be available to compute the control law using a linearization control by inverse dynamics. This control concept allows to follow a reference speed imposed by the leading vehicle, while respecting a safety distance (variable and constant) to avoid collisions. The longitudinal control is coupled with the lateral control that uses a sliding mode approach to follow the leader's desired trajectory. In addition, different sliding mode observers are developed. These observers are intended to calculate the nonlinear dynamics in the controls of each vehicle. The fleet is treated secondly in the multi-lane trajectories (line configuration). Two control approaches are proposed to control the vehicles in the different lanes (three lanes: i, j and k). The vehicles are controlled in the first strategy to follow the speed of the leader. However, in the second approach, the desired speed of the leader is modified when a lateral movement is present in order to respect the fleet notion. The vehicles are also controlled to avoid obstacles and switch to the next lane by generating an obstacle avoidance trajectory that takes into account the safety distance between the vehicles and the obstacle, and between the vehicles themselves
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Lin, Chun-Ting, and 林峻廷. "A Study on the Effect of Autonomous Vehicle PenetrationRate in Urban Mix-fleet Traffic." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/932qyx.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
機械工程學研究所
106
Autonomous car has a high possibility to become the mainstream in the future road. However, motorcycle plays a non-negligible part role in Taiwanese urban traffic. About 65% of motor vehicles are motorcycle.The effect of autonomous on mix-fleet traffic is not yet well evaluated. This research is based on microscopic traffic simulation. And models of normal driver car, motorcycle, autonomous car, autonomous car with platooning function are built respectively. The simulation is done by program application. The model of normal driver using action point model, motorcycle using force field model, and autonomous car using intelligent driver model, autonomous car with platooning function using model that follow the acceleration of car in front.We verified the models of normal driver car and motorcycle by aerial video. The result indicates that autonomous car has no influence on traffic flow. On the other hand, autonomous with platooning function has a significant growth with the increasing number of autonomous cars in pure car traffic. Autonomous with platooning function has different influence in mix-fleet traffic with respect to different percentage of motorcycles. Traffic flow increase 95.4% with no motorcycle, but only increase 5.8% with 75%motorcycles. The exist of motorcycle will decrease the advantage of autonomous with platooning function on traffic flow.
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Lopes, João Carlos Quintal. "Designing a fleet of Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicles and its charging stations through simulation." Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99423.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaOs veículos autónomos são o futuro da mobilidade automóvel, com a tecnologia de mobilidade autónoma sendo já uma realidade. A era dos carros autónomos está a chegar e a transição de condutores humanos para condutores robôs irá se iniciar em breve, sendo, por isso, importante a preparação para essa transição. Esta preparação é feita de várias formas e em diversas áreas. Neste trabalho, o foco não foi na tecnologia automóvel, nem em legislação e questões éticas, mas sim, no estudo da mobilidade de uma frota de veículos autónomos elétricos partilhados (conhecidos popularmente em inglês como “shared autonomous electric vehicles” ou “SAEV”), numa região específica e na sua respectiva rede rodoviária. Mais especificamente, em conceber e simular um hipotético e futuro sistema de transporte para a Região de Coimbra (NUTS III), em Portugal. Há três características base para este sistema de transporte: automação, boleia partilhada (conhecido popularmente em inglês como “ridesharing”) e energia elétrica. Foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para conceber um sistema SAEV e os seus respectivos componentes, usando simulação. O procedimento geral do modelo, o desenvolvimento do modelo e a análise pós-simulação foram descritos. A metodologia inclui um modelo de simulação baseado em agentes, com zonas, viajantes e veículos como agentes, permitindo que estes interajam, sendo esta interação baseada em dados de entrada e certos parâmetros definidos. O modelo de simulação baseado em agentes (“agent-based model simulation” ou “ABM” em inglês) foi desenvolvido para realizar o estudo de mobilidade. Foram testados diferentes tempos máximos de espera para verificar como variava o tamanho da frota de veículos. Adicionalmente, o carregamento dos veículos foi estudado em termos de quantidade e localização. Os resultados obtidos apresentam uma redução de curva logarítmica no tamanho da frota de veículos, à medida que o tempo máximo de espera aumenta.
Autonomous vehicles are the future of car mobility and the technology is already up and running presently. The era of self-driving cars is upon us and the transition from human drivers to robot drivers will happen sooner rather than later, and it is, therefore, important to prepare for it. This preparation comes in many forms and is done in many different areas. This work did not focus on vehicle technology nor on legislation and ethical questions, but rather on studying the mobility of a fleet of shared autonomous electric vehicles (SAEV) in a region and its respective road network. In particular, designing and simulating a hypothetical future transport service for the Region of Coimbra (NUTS III), in Portugal. The characteristics of this transport system are threefold: automation, ridesharing and electric power. A methodology was developed to design an SAEV system and its components using simulation. The general model procedure, model development and post-simulation analysis were described. The methodology includes an agent-based simulation model with zones, travelers and vehicles as agents, allowing for them to interact based on input data and defined parameters. The agent-based simulation model was developed to carry out this mobility study. Different maximum waiting times were tested, to verify how the vehicle fleet size varied. In addition, vehicle charging was studied in terms of quantity and location distribution. The obtained results show a logarithmic decrease in the vehicle fleet size, as maximum waiting time is increased.
FCT
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Silva, Ana Margarida Oliveira da Costa e. "A mission planning framework for fleets of connected drones." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/31385.
Full textAbstract:
The usage of aerial drones has become more popular as they also become
more accessible, both in economic and usability terms. Nowadays, these
vehicles can present reduced dimensions and a good cost-benefit ratio, which
makes it possible for several services and applications supported by aerial
drone networks to emerge. Some scenarios that benefit from the use of aerial
drones are the monitoring of emergency situations and natural disasters, the
patrolling of urban areas and support to police forces, and tourist applications
such as the real-time video transmission of points of interest. It is common
for the control of the drone to be dependent on human intervention in these
situations, which requires professionals specialized in its control. However,
in recent years, several solutions have emerged that enable the autonomous
flight of these vehicles, minimizing manual interference.
Taking into account the enormous diversity of use cases, many of the
existing solutions for autonomous control focus on specific scenarios. Generic
mission planning platforms also exist, but most of them only allow missions
consisting of linear waypoints to be traversed. These situations translate into
a mission support that is not very flexible.
In this dissertation, we propose a modular infrastructure that can be
used in various scenarios, enabling the autonomous control and monitoring
of a fleet of aerial drones in a mission context. This platform has two main
components, one integrated into the onboard computer of the vehicle, and the
other one in the ground control. The former allows the communication with
the flight controller so that it can collect telemetry data and send movement
instructions to the drone. The latter allows to monitor this data and send
the commands remotely, also enabling robust mission planning with multiple
drones. A mission can be described in a script that the ground module
interprets, sending the commands to the assigned vehicles. These missions
can describe different paths, modifying the behaviour of the drones according
to external factors, such as a sensor reading. It is also possible to define
plugins to be reused in various missions, for example, by integrating an
algorithm that ensures that all drones maintain connectivity.
The solution was evaluated in scenarios with a single drone and with
the collaboration of multiple drones. The tests were performed in a simulated
environment and also in an environment with real drones. The observed
behaviour is similar in both scenarios.A utilização de drones aéreos tem-se vindo a popularizar à medida que estes se tornam mais acessíveis, quer em termos económicos quer em usabilidade. Atualmente, estes veículos são capazes de apresentar dimensões reduzidas e uma boa relação de custo-benefício, o que potencia que diversos serviços e aplicações suportados por redes de drones aéreos estejam a emergir. Alguns cenários que beneficiam da utilização de drones aéreos são a monitorização de situações de emergência e catástrofes naturais, a patrulha de áreas urbanas e apoio às forças policiais e aplicações turísticas como a transmissão de vídeo em tempo real de pontos de interesse. É comum que o controlo do drone esteja dependente de intervenção humana nestas situações, o que requer profissionais especializados no seu controlo. No entanto, nos últimos anos têm surgido diversas soluções que possibilitam o vôo autónomo destes veículos, minimizando a interferência manual. Perante a enorme diversidade de casos de aplicação, muitas das soluções existentes para o controlo autónomo focam-se em cenários específicos de intervenção. Existem também plataformas de planeamento genérico de missões, mas que na sua maioria apenas permitem missões constituídas por conjuntos lineares de pontos a ser percorridos. Estas situações traduzem-se num suporte a missões que é pouco flexível. Nesta dissertação propomos uma infraestrutura modular passível de ser utilizada em cenários variados, possibilitando o controlo autónomo de uma frota de drones aéreos num contexto de missão e a sua monitorização. Esta plataforma tem dois componentes principais, um integrado no computador a bordo do veículo e o outro no controlo terrestre. O primeiro permite a comunicação com o controlador de vôo para que se possa recolher diversos dados de telemetria e enviar instruções de movimento para o drone. O segundo permite monitorizar esses dados e enviar os comandos remotamente, possibilitando também um planeamento robusto de missões com múltiplos drones. Uma missão pode ser descrita num script que o módulo terrestre interpreta, enviando os comandos para os veículos atribuídos. Estas missões podem descrever diversos caminhos, modificando o comportamento dos drones de acordo com factores externos, como a leitura de um sensor. Também é possível definir plugins para serem reutilizados em várias missões, como por exemplo, integrando um algoritmo que garante que todos os drones mantêm a conectividade. A solução foi avaliada em cenários com um único drone e com a colaboração de múltiplos drones. Os testes foram executados em ambiente simulado e também num ambiente com drones reais. O comportamento observado nas missões é semelhante em ambos os cenários.
Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática
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Hsiao, Yu-Chieh, and 蕭宇杰. "Duckiepond: A Reproducible, Low-cost, and ML-Compatible Education and Research Platform for a Fleet of Autonomous Maritime Vehicles." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9n9kmp.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電控工程研究所
108
Duckiepond is an education and research platform of a fleet of autonomous surface vehicles “Duckieboats”designed to be reproducible in hardware, and yet flexible to develop in software and machine learning (ML) compatible. The Duckiepond platform is built upon the Ducki- etown and AI Driving Olympics platform: Duckieboats rely only on one monocular camera, IMU, and GPS, and perform all ML processing using onboard embedded computers. It sup- ports commonly used middleware (ROS and MOOS-IvP) and containerize software packages in Docker, making it easy to deploy. The powerful learning-based together with classic methods enable basic maritime missions: track and trail, navigation, and coordinate among Duckieboats to avoid collisions. The Duckieboat has been operating in a man-made lake, reservoir and river environments. The platform also includes autonomy education materials for maritime missions. We wish that the communities across related domains will adopt the platform for education and research
Books on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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Wang, Yuanzhe, and Danwei Wang. Collaborative Fleet Maneuvering for Multiple Autonomous Vehicle Systems. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5798-7.
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LAND.TECHNIK 2022. VDI Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023952.
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INHALT Electrical Agricultural Machines Structuring of electrified agricultural machine systems – Diversity of solutions and analysis methods .....1 GridCON2 – Development of a Cable Drum Vehicle Concept to Power 1MW Fully Electric Agricultural Swarms ..... 11 GridCON Swarm – Development of a Grid Connected Fully Autonomous Agricultural Production System ..... 17 Fully electric Tractor with 1000 kWh battery capacity ..... 23 Soil and Modelling The Integration of a Scientific Soil Compaction Risk Indicator (TERRANIMO) into a Holistic Tractor and Implement Optimization System (CEMOS) .....29 Identification of draft force characteristics for a tillage tine with variable geometry ..... 37 Calibration of soil models within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) ..... 45 Automation and Optimization of Working Speed and Depth in Agricultural Soil Tillage with a Model Predictive Control based on Machine Learning ..... 55 Synchronising machine adjustments of combine harvesters for higher fleet performance ..... 65 A generic approach to bridge the gap between route optimization and motion planning for specific guidance points o...
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Thomas, Brent, Christopher K. Gilmore, and Michael Chaykowsky. Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Blood Delivery: A UAV Fleet Design Tool and Case Study. RAND Corporation, The, 2020.
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Gilmore, Christopher, Michael Chaykowsky, and Brent Thomas. Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Blood Delivery: A UAV Fleet Design Tool and Case Study. RAND Corporation, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rr3047.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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Trommer, Stefan, Lars Kröger, and Tobias Kuhnimhof. "Potential Fleet Size of Private Autonomous Vehicles in Germany and the US." In Road Vehicle Automation 4, 247–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60934-8_20.
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Sandau, Alexander, and Jorge Marx Gómez. "New Era of Fleet Management Systems for Autonomous Vehicles." In Progress in IS, 319–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65687-8_28.
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Baiou, Mourad, Aurélien Mombelli, and Alain Quilliot. "Monitoring a Fleet of Autonomous Vehicles Through A* Like Algorithms and Reinforcement Learning." In Recent Advances in Computational Optimization, 111–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06839-3_7.
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Dziubany, Matthias, Sam Kopp, Lars Creutz, Jens Schneider, Anke Schmeink, and Guido Dartmann. "Artificial Intelligence for Fleets of Autonomous Vehicles: Desired Requirements and Solution Approaches." In Smart Transportation, 55–83. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367808150-4.
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Prestifilippo, Giovanni. "Artificial Intelligence for Autonomous Vehicle Fleets: Desired Requirements, Solutions and a Best Practice Project." In Smart Transportation, 18–28. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367808150-2.
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Macher, Georg, Eric Armengaud, Christian Kreiner, Eugen Brenner, Christoph Schmittner, Zhendong Ma, Helmut Martin, and Martin Krammer. "Integration of Security in the Development Lifecycle of Dependable Automotive CPS." In Research Anthology on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Security, 101–42. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7705-9.ch006.
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The exciting new features, such as advanced driver assistance systems, fleet management systems, and autonomous driving, drive the need for built-in security solutions and architectural designs to mitigate emerging security threats. Thus, cybersecurity joins reliability and safety as a cornerstone for success in the automotive industry. As vehicle providers gear up for cybersecurity challenges, they can capitalize on experiences from many other domains, but nevertheless must face several unique challenges. Therefore, this article focuses on the enhancement of state-of-the-art development lifecycle for automotive cyber-physical systems toward the integration of security, safety and reliability engineering methods. Especially, four engineering approaches (HARA at concept level, FMEA and FTA at design level and HSI at implementation level) are extended to integrate security considerations into the development lifecycle.
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Macher, Georg, Eric Armengaud, Christian Kreiner, Eugen Brenner, Christoph Schmittner, Zhendong Ma, Helmut Martin, and Martin Krammer. "Integration of Security in the Development Lifecycle of Dependable Automotive CPS." In Research Anthology on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Security, 101–42. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7705-9.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
The exciting new features, such as advanced driver assistance systems, fleet management systems, and autonomous driving, drive the need for built-in security solutions and architectural designs to mitigate emerging security threats. Thus, cybersecurity joins reliability and safety as a cornerstone for success in the automotive industry. As vehicle providers gear up for cybersecurity challenges, they can capitalize on experiences from many other domains, but nevertheless must face several unique challenges. Therefore, this article focuses on the enhancement of state-of-the-art development lifecycle for automotive cyber-physical systems toward the integration of security, safety and reliability engineering methods. Especially, four engineering approaches (HARA at concept level, FMEA and FTA at design level and HSI at implementation level) are extended to integrate security considerations into the development lifecycle.
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Macher, Georg, Eric Armengaud, Christian Kreiner, Eugen Brenner, Christoph Schmittner, Zhendong Ma, Helmut Martin, and Martin Krammer. "Integration of Security in the Development Lifecycle of Dependable Automotive CPS." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 383–423. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2845-6.ch015.
Full textAbstract:
The exciting new features, such as advanced driver assistance systems, fleet management systems, and autonomous driving, drive the need for built-in security solutions and architectural designs to mitigate emerging security threats. Thus, cybersecurity joins reliability and safety as a cornerstone for success in the automotive industry. As vehicle providers gear up for cybersecurity challenges, they can capitalize on experiences from many other domains, but nevertheless must face several unique challenges. Therefore, this article focuses on the enhancement of state-of-the-art development lifecycle for automotive cyber-physical systems toward the integration of security, safety and reliability engineering methods. Especially, four engineering approaches (HARA at concept level, FMEA and FTA at design level and HSI at implementation level) are extended to integrate security considerations into the development lifecycle.
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Schubert, Lucas, Katharina Trapp, and Anthony B. Wandt. "Business Model Change through Autonomous Shared Fleets for Transportation and Logistic Businesses." In Electric Vehicles in Shared Fleets, 145–67. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781800611429_0007.
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Göcke, Lutz, and Philip Meier. "Business Model Development for Autonomous Electric Vehicles in Shared Fleets in Multinational Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)." In Electric Vehicles in Shared Fleets, 125–44. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781800611429_0006.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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Kang, Namwoo, Fred M. Feinberg, and Panos Y. Papalambros. "Autonomous Electric Vehicle Sharing System Design." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46491.
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Car-sharing services promise “green” transportation systems. Two vehicle technologies offer marketable, sustainable sharing: Autonomous vehicles eliminate customer requirements for car pick-up and return, and battery electric vehicles entail zero-emissions. Designing an Autonomous Electric Vehicle (AEV) fleet must account for the relationships among fleet operations, charging station operations, electric powertrain performance, and consumer demand. This paper presents a system design optimization framework integrating four sub-system problems: Fleet size and assignment schedule; number and locations of charging stations; vehicle powertrain requirements; and service fees. A case study for an autonomous fleet operating in Ann Arbor, Michigan, is used to examine AEV sharing system profitability and feasibility for a variety of market scenarios.
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Shen, Xu, Xiaojing Zhang, and Francesco Borrelli. "Autonomous Parking of Vehicle Fleet in Tight Environments." In 2020 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147671.
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Steven G Hall, Daniel Davis Smith, and Brian Thompson. "Autonomous Aquatic Vehicle Fleet Development: Sensors, Communications and Software." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.37350.
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Tye, Clayton, Mark Kinney, James Frenzel, Michael O'Rourke, and Dean Edwards. "A MOOS module for autonomous underwater vehicle fleet control." In OCEANS 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/oceans.2009.5422187.
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Randeni P., Supun A. T., Nicholas R. Rypkema, Erin M. Fischell, Alexander L. Forrest, Michael R. Benjamin, and Henrik Schmidt. "Implementation of a Hydrodynamic Model-Based Navigation System for a Low-Cost AUV Fleet." In 2018 IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Workshop (AUV). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/auv.2018.8729758.
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de Souza, Felipe, Krishna Gurumurthy, Joshua Auld, and Kara Kockelman. "An Optimization-based Strategy for Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Repositioning." In 6th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009421603700376.
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de Souza, Felipe, Krishna Gurumurthy, Joshua Auld, and Kara Kockelman. "An Optimization-based Strategy for Shared Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Repositioning." In 6th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009421600002550.
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Jiang, Dapeng, Yongjie Pang, and Zaibai Qin. "Cooperation of autonomous underwater vehicle fleet based on MOOS-IvP." In 2010 International Conference on Information and Automation (ICIA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icinfa.2010.5512108.
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Čudina Ivančev, Ana, Vesna Dragčević, and Tamara Džambas. "Road infrastructure requirements to accommodate autonomous vehicles." In 7th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2022.1462.
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In the last few years, an increasing amount of research has been dealing with the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs). With the increasing deployment of the AVs on the roads over the years it is necessary to adapt road infrastructure to accommodate them. This paper gives an insight into the impact of AVs on the road infrastructure such as horizontal and vertical alignment, and dimensions of cross section elements. The implementation of the AVs into the road network will not depend just on the preparation of road infrastructure but also on the future development of vehicle automation and the proportion of AVs according to conventional vehicles (CVs) into the vehicle fleet. Therefore, according to AVs proportion into the fleet, three different scenarios for road infrastructure upgrades are given. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of AVs regarding the requirements for existing and future road infrastructure are discussed.
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Daoud, Alaa. "Multi-agent Approach to Resource Allocation in Autonomous Vehicle Fleets." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/671.
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The development of autonomous vehicles, capable of peer-to-peer communication, as well as the interest in on-demand solutions, are the primary motivations for this study. In the absence of central control, we are interested in forming a fleet of autonomous vehicles capable of responding to city-scale travel demands. Typically, this problem is solved centrally; this implies that the vehicles have continuous access to a dispatching portal. However, such access to such a global switching infrastructure (for data collection and order delivery) is costly and represents a critical bottleneck. The idea is to use low-cost vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technologies to coordinate vehicles without a global communication infrastructure. We propose to model the different aspects of decision and optimization problems related to this more general problem. After modeling these problems, the question arises as to the choice of centralized and decentralized solution methods. Methodologically, we explore the directions and compare the performance of distributed constraint optimization techniques (DCOP), self-organized multi-agent techniques, market-based approaches, and centralized operations research solutions.
Reports on the topic "Autonomous vehicle fleet"
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Singh, Niranjan, Jone Tawaketini,, Roman Kudin, and Gerry Hamilton. Are We Building Agile Graduate Capabilities to Meet Automotive Service Industry Trends? Unitec ePress, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.085.
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The inexorable use of electronic technology and rising user expectations of motorised transport are quickly moving the service industry towards a rapidly changing environment. To maintain the ability to deal with new and emerging technologies, industry leaders will need to rethink how they will address their staffing strategies. In this research, we found that the New Zealand automotive service industry is markedly different from what it was twenty years ago as technology in vehicles have been increased due to environmental legislation and customer demands. The service industry is going through a technological revolution as new more environmentally friendly vehicles are introduced into the fleet. Further technological complications are added as vehicle safety is improved through automation of vehicles and soon to become common, fully autonomous vehicles. Service technician training programmes must be modified to ensure that the industry is capable of dealing with high technology vehicles when they come up for service or repair.
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Doo, Johnny. Unsettled Issues Regarding the Use of eVTOL Aircraft during Natural Disasters. SAE International, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022001.
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Recent advancements of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry, and many new and novel applications have been identified and are under development. One promising application is rapid response during natural disasters, which can complement current capabilities to help save lives and enhance post-disaster recoveries. The Use of eVTOL Aircraft During Natural Disasters presents issues that need to be addressed before eVTOL aircraft are integrated into natural disaster response operations: eVTOL vehicle development Detect-and-avoid capabilities in complex and challenging operating environments Autonomous and remote operations Charging system compatibility and availability Operator and controller training Dynamic air space management Vehicle/fleet logistics and support Acceptance from stakeholders and the public
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Edwards, Dean B. Communication and Control for Fleets of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458488.
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Doo, Johnny. Unsettled Issues Concerning eVTOL for Rapid-response, On-demand Firefighting. SAE International, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021017.
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Recent advancements of electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry, and many novel applications have been identified and are in development. One promising application for these innovative systems is in firefighting, with eVTOL aircraft complementing current firefighting capabilities to help save lives and reduce fire-induced damages. With increased global occurrences and scales of wildfires—not to mention the issues firefighters face during urban and rural firefighting operations daily—eVTOL technology could offer timely, on-demand, and potentially cost-effective aerial mobility capabilities to counter these challenges. Early detection and suppression of wildfires could prevent many fires from becoming large-scale disasters. eVTOL aircraft may not have the capacity of larger aerial assets for firefighting, but targeted suppression, potentially in swarm operations, could be valuable. Most importantly, on-demand aerial extraction of firefighters can be a crucial benefit during wildfire control operations. Aerial firefighter dispatch from local fire stations or vertiports can result in more effective operations, and targeted aerial fire suppression and civilian extraction from high-rise buildings could enhance capabilities significantly. There are some challenges that need to be addressed before the identified capabilities and benefits are realized at scale, including the development of firefighting-specific eVTOL vehicles; sense and avoid capabilities in complex, smoke-inhibited environments; autonomous and remote operating capabilities; charging system compatibility and availability; operator and controller training; dynamic airspace management; and vehicle/fleet logistics and support. Acceptance from both the first-responder community and the general public is also critical for the successful implementation of these new capabilities. The purpose of this report is to identify the benefits and challenges of implementation, as well as some of the potential solutions. Based on the rapid development progress of eVTOL aircraft and infrastructures with proactive community engagement, it is envisioned that these challenges can be addressed soon. NOTE: SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are intended to identify and illuminate key issues in emerging, but still unsettled, technologies of interest to the mobility industry. The goal of SAE EDGE™ Research Reports is to stimulate discussion and work in the hope of promoting and speeding resolution of identified issues. These reports are not intended to resolve the challenges they identify or close any topic to further scrutiny.
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Fratantoni, David M. Development of Oceanographic Sampling Networks using Autonomous Gliding Vehicles and Demonstration of WHOI Glider Fleet Operations in the Tropical Western Pacific for the Naval Oceanographic Office. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431902.
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