Relevant bibliographies by topics / Autonomous stance

Academic literature on the topic 'Autonomous stance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Bloom-Feshbach, Jonathan, and Sally Bloom-Feshbach. "The related-autonomous position: Psychological freedom, mourning, and the psychoanalytic stance." Psychoanalytic Psychology 13, no. 4 (1996): 531–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079709.

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LEMOYNE, ROBERT, and TIMOTHY MASTROIANNI. "IMPLEMENTATION OF A SMARTPHONE AS A WIRELESS ACCELEROMETER PLATFORM FOR QUANTIFYING HEMIPLEGIC GAIT DISPARITY IN A FUNCTIONALLY AUTONOMOUS CONTEXT." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 18, no. 02 (March 2018): 1850005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519418500057.

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The utility of the smartphone, such as the iPhone, constitutes considerable potential for the advancement of the biomedical and healthcare industry. A notable feature of the iPhone is the capacity to combine the internal accelerometer sensor with a software application to enable the functionality of a wireless accelerometer platform. Preliminary research has demonstrated the iPhone’s ability to quantify features of healthy gait. The research applies a single iPhone mounted proximal to the lateral malleolus of the affected leg and subsequently the unaffected leg to ascertain quantified disparity of hemiplegic gait from an engineering proof of concept perspective. In order to maintain a consistent gait velocity, a constant velocity treadmill is incorporated into the research endeavor. Post-processing of the gait acceleration waveform is greatly facilitated through the use of a software automation program using Matlab that emphasizes on the rhythmicity of gait. Two gait parameters were obtained: stance-to-stance temporal disparity and stance-to-stance time-averaged acceleration, and demonstrated considerable accuracy, consistency, and reliability. As noted per the constant treadmill velocity, stance-to-stance temporal disparity for the affected and unaffected legs was established as not statistically significant. A statistical significance was determined for the stance-to-stance time-averaged acceleration regarding the affected and unaffected legs. The iPhone application represents a wireless accelerometer platform capable of identifying statistically significant and quantified disparity of hemiplegic gait features through automated post-processing in a functionally autonomous environment.
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Mayes, Patricia. "Becoming an ‘autonomous writer’: Epistemic stance displays and membership categorization in the writing conference." Discourse Studies 17, no. 6 (December 2015): 752–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445615602375.

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Giszter, Simon F., Michelle R. Davies, and Virginia Graziani. "Motor Strategies Used by Rats Spinalized at Birth to Maintain Stance in Response to Imposed Perturbations." Journal of Neurophysiology 97, no. 4 (April 2007): 2663–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00308.2006.

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Some rats spinalized P1/P2 achieve autonomous weight-supported locomotion and quiet stance as adults. We used force platforms and robot-applied perturbations to test such spinalized rats ( n = 6) that exhibited both weight-supporting locomotion and stance, and also normal rats ( n = 8). Ground reaction forces in individual limbs and the animals' center of pressure were examined. In normal rats, both forelimbs and hindlimbs participated actively to control horizontal components of ground reaction forces. Rostral perturbations increased forelimb ground reaction forces and caudal perturbations increased hindlimb ground reaction forces. Operate rats carried 60% body weight on the forelimbs and had a more rostral center of pressure placement. The pattern in normal rats was to carry significantly more weight on the hindlimbs in quiet stance (roughly 60%). The strategy of operate rats to compensate for perturbations was entirely in forelimbs; as a result, the hindlimbs were largely isolated from the perturbation. Stiffness magnitude of the whole body was measured: its magnitude was hourglass shaped, with the principal axis oriented rostrocaudally. Operate rats were significantly less stiff—only 60–75% of normal rats' stiffness. The injured rats adopt a stance strategy that isolates the hindlimbs from perturbation and may thus prevent hindlimb loadings. Such loadings could initiate reflex stepping, which we observed. This might activate lumbar pattern generators used in their locomotion. Adult spinalized rats never achieve independent hindlimb weight-supported stance. The stance strategy of the P1 spinalized rats differed strongly from the behavior of intact rats and may be difficult for rats spinalized as adults to master.
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Simpson, Robert Mark. "Minimalism, Determinacy, and Human Rights." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 34, no. 1 (February 2021): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjlj.2020.25.

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According to a widely-shared view, human rights encompass a very limited range of ethical concerns: not all human interests, only urgent interests;1 not our preferences, only our needs;2 not all wrongs, only severe injustices;3 not a good life in the fullest sense, but only a minimally decent or autonomous life.4 In short, human rights are not about realizing the best, they are about shielding us from the worst. I will call this general theoretical stance Minimalism.
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Down, Ian. "Central Bank Independence, Disinflations and Monetary Policy." Business and Politics 10, no. 3 (December 2008): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1211.

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Analyses of central bank independence (CBI) have generated two sets of apparently contradictory results - CBI appears to be both inversely related to inflation and positively related to the rise in unemployment and slowdown in economic growth during disinflations. I suggest that these results may issue from autonomous central banks being associated with sharper, more aggressive disinflations. To test the proposition I use two measures of policy stance, one of which contains more information concerning policymaker's expectations than has heretofore been the case. The results suggest a need to qualify yet further the optimality of CBI.
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McMullin, Irene. "Kant on Radical Evil and the Origin of Moral Responsibility." Kantian Review 18, no. 1 (February 4, 2013): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415412000283.

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AbstractThe notion of radical evil plays a more important role in Kant's moral theory than is typically recognized. In Religion Within the Limits of Mere Reason, radical evil is both an innate propensity and a morally imputable act – a paradoxical status that has prompted commentators to reject it as inconsistent with the rest of Kant's moral theory. In contrast, I argue that the notion of radical evil accounts for the beginning of moral responsibility in Kant's theory, since the act of attributing radical evil to one's freedom is an inauguration into the autonomous stance.
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Lilly, Meredith, and Delaram Arabi. "Symbolic act, real consequences: Passing Canada’s Magnitsky Law to combat human rights violations and corruption." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 75, no. 2 (June 2020): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702020934504.

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Both the volume of economic sanctions and the reasons for their imposition have increased tremendously around the globe. In this context, several countries, including the United States and Canada, have introduced Magnitsky acts to enable their governments to act unilaterally to impose sanctions against foreign actors for gross violations of human rights and significant acts of corruption. This paper evaluates the legislative changes made to Canada’s sanction regime in 2016–2017 and explores how the new authorities have been applied following implementation (2017–2019). We find that, despite granting the Canadian government new authorities to undertake autonomous sanctions, the country has continued to cooperate with other states as it had done prior to the changes. We conclude that lawmakers never intended for Canada to use the new autonomous capabilities to “go it alone.” Instead, the symbolism represented by Canada taking a strong stance against human rights abuses globally was the driving force behind the Magnitsky Law’s passage.
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González García, Ignacio. "La devolución unilateral de competencias por las comunidades autónomas = Unilateral returning of competencies by Autonomous Communities." Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, no. 34 (July 1, 2014): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.34.2014.14073.

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La posibilidad planteada recientemente por algunas Comunidades Autónomas de devolver unilateralmente competencias al Estado ha encontrado una respuesta doctrinal claramente negativa. Una respuesta basada, fundamentalmente, en el carácter bilateral de las reformas estatutarias y la vigencia en nuestro sistema del principio de indisponibilidad competencial. En este trabajo se ofrece una visión y una solución distinta al problema planteado, a partir de una interpretación finalista de las previsiones del Título VIII de nuestra Constitución, que justificaría la existencia de una limitación constitucional implícita de la intervención de las Cortes Generales en estos casos.Some Autonomous Communities have raised recently the possibility of returning to the State some of their competencies. The doctrinal stance is opposed to this idea arguing that the Communities can not make this decision on their own accord. Every reform of the statute would require a bilateral process between the Autonomous Community and the State. This paper offers a different approach to this issue interpreting the 8th Title of the Constitution in a final way, which would justify the existence of an implied limitation of the National Parliament’s roll in this case.
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RUBIN, JOAN SHELLEY. "REPOSSESSING THE COZZENS–MACDONALD IMBROGLIO: MIDDLEBROW AUTHORSHIP, CRITICAL AUTHORITY, AND AUTONOMOUS READERS IN POSTWAR AMERICA." Modern Intellectual History 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 553–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244310000235.

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Dwight Macdonald's 1958 attack on James Gould Cozzens's novelBy Love Possessedposited that the book's popularity was an “episode” in “The Middlebrow Counter-Revolution” then under way among American critics. That conclusion neglected the strategies of publishing, advertising, and authorial stance that Cozzens and his wife, the agent Sylvia Baumgarten, wielded to create a best seller. Macdonald also did not see how he and Cozzens shared a high-culture aesthetic and competed for power over readers threatening to make criticism irrelevant. Each tried to consolidate that power by depicting his adversary as socially inferior: as Jew, queer, or feminized “middlebrow.” Although Macdonald's appropriation of Cozzens's own values succeeded in damaging Cozzens's reputation, the authority that Macdonald hoped to preserve was likewise about to collapse under pressure from mass culture and postmodern relativism. The Macdonald–Cozzens imbroglio thus provides a useful example of the provisional nature of cultural hierarchy at any given historical moment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Scrivens, Jevin Eugene. "The Interactions of Stance Width and Feedback Control Gain: A Modeling Study of Bipedal Postural Control." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07082007-202007/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Wayne J. Book, Committee Member ; Young-Hui Chang, Committee Member ; T. Richard Nichols, Committee Member ; Lena H. Ting, Committee Co-Chair ; Stephen P. DeWeerth, Committee Co-Chair.
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Chambers, Angela, and not supplied. "Human rights - education and implementation in a commercial organisation." RMIT University. Management, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070207.163032.

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This case study explored the process of incorporating human rights into the operation of an international commercial organisation. Constructing a dialogue to bridge the gap between human rights discourse and commercial realities, this case study identified the unique roles required to develop dialogue and created a model as a diagnostic and educational tool. The roles specific to human rights consulting, of interpreter, Champoin and Enabler afforded effective penetration into the participating industry partner's operational levels. These roles emerged from the process of constructing a human rights discourse and tensions therein where the existing theory of organisational change and consulting was found to be inadequate for human rights intervention. Based on the data of industry partner's existing practices and human rights concerns and on the process of collecting and analysing this data, the model for education and implementation was constructed. It is a flexible tool for examining human rights practices from bottom up as well as top down of an organisation. This research showed that having a comprehensive picture of the complexities involved sas an effective method of exploration and making sense of human rights education and implementation in a multinational industrial setting. The construction of the roles and of the model relied on the central premise of willingness of a multinational corporation to examine its practices and take an autonomous position of corporate citizenship and responsibility. This was consistent with the participatory research design of the study. Theretically this research challenges the appropriateness of traditional organisational change concepts when dealing with human rights; provides a diagnostic and educational tool for human rights consulting; and points to further research in this area.
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Lee, Ten-Min. "The stable and precise motion control for an autonomous mobile robot." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA283776.

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Trout, Joseph Ewell. "Trajectory Tracking of a Statically-stable Biped with Two Degrees of Freedom." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9647.

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This research investigates the possibility of controlling a simple biped having two degrees of freedom only. The biped robot walked on large feet. Having large feet enabled the robot to stand on one leg stably. At any time, the robotà ­s center of gravity remained above the area covered by one of the feet. Two servos actuated the two degrees of freedom tilting the robot to the side or moving the legs forward and backward. The biped moved by alternately tilting and striding. Turns were produced by dragging the feet along the ground. As the feet dragged, the friction generated under the feet created a turning moment that rotated the robot. Thus, the robot was able to step and turn on a flat surface. A control algorithm was developed to attempt trajectory tracking with the biped. Trajectories along a surface can be defined in terms of linear and angular velocities. In this research, it was assumed that a high level controller had transformed a desired trajectory into discrete steps of linear and angular velocities. Motion tests showed how various settings of the servos affected the step length and turning angle of the robot. To produce the desired velocities, a program was created to select the servo commands and set the speed parameters. This program applied knowledge of the expected step length and turning angle and performed feedforward control of the velocities. This investigation identified a trajectory tracking scheme that could be used in an observer feedback scenario to achieve accurate control.
Master of Science
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Obšil, Tomáš. "Návrh dokovací stanice pro mobilní robot." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378718.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is design of docking station for an autonomous mobile robot Breach. The task of docking station is to connect this robotic device to power supply without human intervention in order to charge its batteries. The theoretical part of diploma thesis contains research study about autonomous charging of robots. After that it is assessed suitability of using different types of docking stations and it was chosen optimal solution. The practice part of diploma thesis contains design of docking mechanism, which takes account of inaccurate navigation of robot with deviation of several centimeters. One part of this design deals with connector system, which is dimensioned for long-term transmission of electric current with minimal value of 20 A. At the end of diploma thesis there was created 3D model of the complete docking station including connectors for charging in program called SolidWorks.
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Lindelöf, Gabriel Trim Olof. "Moraliska bedömningar av autonoma systems beslut." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166543.

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Samhällsutvecklingen går i en riktning där människor arbetar i allt närmare samarbete med artificiella agenter. För att detta samarbete ska vara på användarens villkor är det viktigt att förstå hur människor uppfattar och förhåller sig till dessa system. Hur dessa agenter bedöms moraliskt är en komponent i denna förståelse. Malle m.fl. (2015) utförde en av de första studierna kring hur normer och skuld appliceras på människa respektive robot. I samma artikel efterfrågades mer forskning kring vilka faktorer hos agenter som påverkar de moraliska bedömningarna. Föreliggande studie tog avstamp i denna frågeställning och avsåg att undersöka hur moralisk godtagbarhet och skuldbeläggning skiljde sig beroende på om agenten var en person, en humanoid robot eller ett autonomt intelligent system utan kropp (AIS). Ett mellangrupps-experiment (N = 119) användes för att undersöka hur agenterna bedömdes för sina beslut i tre olika moraliska dilemman. Deltagares rättfärdigaden bakom bedömningar samt medveten hållning utforskades som förklaringsmodell av skillnader. Medveten hållning avser Dennetts (1971) teori kring huruvida en agent förstås utifrån mentala egenskaper. Resultaten visade att person och robot erhöll liknande godtagbarhet för sina beslut medan AIS fick signifikant lägre snitt. Graden skuld som tillskrevs skiljde sig inte signifikant mellan agenterna. Analysen av deltagares rättfärdiganden gav indikationer på att skuldbedömningarna av de artificiella agenterna inte grundade sig i sådan information som antagits ligga till grund för denna typ av bedömningar. Flera rättfärdiganden påpekade också att det var någon annan än de artificiella agenterna som bar skulden för besluten. Vidare analyser indikerade på att deltagare höll medveten hållning mot person i störst utsträckning följt av robot och sedan AIS. Studien väcker frågor kring huruvida skuld som fenomen går att applicera på artificiella agenter och i vilken utsträckning distribuerad skuld är en faktor när artificiella agenter bedöms.
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Valieva, Inna. "Photometric Methods for Autonomous Tree Species Classification and NIR Quality Inspection." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-176266.

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In this paper the brief overview of methods available for individual tree stems quality evaluation and tree species classification has been performed. The use of Near Infrared photometry based on conifer’s canopy reflectance measurement in near infrared range of spectrum has been evaluated for the use in autonomous forest harvesting. Photometric method based on the image processing of the bark pattern has been proposed to perform classification between main construction timber tree species in Scandinavia: Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris). Several feature extraction algorithms have been evaluated, resulting two methods selected: Statistical Analysis using gray level co-occurrence matrix and maximally stable extremal regions feature detector. Feedforward Neural Network with Backpropagation training algorithm and Support Vector Machine classifiers have been implemented and compared. The verification of the proposed algorithm has been performed by real-time testing.
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Lapáček, Petr. "Elektronický měřič teploty a vlhkosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219333.

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This master´s thesis deals with the design of measuring station used for the temperature and humidity measurement. There is a theoretical basical description of sensores for temperature and humidity measurement in the first part. Furthermore I deal with a theoretical design of measuring system, especially with types of materials and possibilities of communication between these parts. The main part of thesis is about communication on buses I2C,UART, SPI, RS485. There is a description of function procedure of particular integrated circuit, moduluses which are used in task in the next part of thesis.In the practical part I was engaged in a functional design of autonomous system for the temperature and ralative humidity measurement. Data could be presented by the computer after connection with the station. There is a description of testing the particular circuits and the full description of function particular blocks of system in the task. I have used the program called Eagle for schemes and printed wirings designing. The copy is placed on CD ready for next using. In the last part of thesis is a brief description of program algorithm "Meteostanice", which I have created for data presentation. There is an illustration of measuring results in these last part. The task is completely ready for the realization of autonomous system of weather station with its own memory.
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Navas, Matos Francisco. "Analyse de stabilité pour la reconfiguration de contrôleurs dans des véhicules autonomes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM050/document.

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Les avantages des véhicules autonomes sont formidables, mais le chemin vers une vraie autonomie sera long et semé d’incertitudes. La recherche de ces dernières années s’est basée sur des systèmes multi-capteurs capables de percevoir l’environnement dans lequel le véhicule est conduit. Ces systèmes deviennent plus complexes quand on contrôle le véhicule autonome, différents systèmes de contrôle sont activés dépendant de la décision du système multi-capteurs. Chacun de ces systèmes suit des critères de performance et de stabilité lors de leur conception. Cependant, ils doivent fonctionner ensemble, garantissant une stabilité et étant capable de se charger des changements dynamiques, structuraux et environnementaux. Cette thèse explore la paramétrisation Youla-Kucera (YK) dans des systèmes dynamiques comme les voitures, en insistant sur la stabilité quand la dynamique change, ou que le trafic impose une reconfiguration du contrôleur. Concentrons-nous sur l’obtention de résultats de simulation et expérimentaux en relation avec le "Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control" (CACC), dans le but, non pas d’utiliser, ici, pour la première fois la paramétrisation YK dans le domaine des systèmes de transport intelligents (STI), mais d’améliorer l’état de l’art en CACC aussi. Des résultats de reconfiguration stable de contrôleurs sont donnés quand la communication avec le véhicule précédent n’est plus disponible, en cas de manœuvre d’entrées/sorties ou lorsqu’ils sont entourés de véhicules aux dynamiques différentes. Ceci démontrant l’adaptabilité, la stabilité et l’implémentation réelle de la paramétrisation YK comme structure générale de contrôle pour les véhicules autonomes
Benefits of autonomous vehicles are genuinely exciting, but the route to true autonomy in transportation will likely be long and full of uncertainty. Research on the last years is on the development of multi-sensor systems able to perceive the environment in which the vehicle is driving in. These systems increase complexity when controlling an autonomous vehicle, as different control systems are activated depending on the multi-sensor decision system. Each of these systems follows performance and stability criteria for its design, but they all must work together, providing stability guarantees and being able to handle dynamics, structural and environmental changes. This thesis explores the Youla-Kucera (YK) parameterization in dynamics systems such as vehicles, with special emphasis on stability when some dynamics change or the traffic situation demands controller reconfiguration. Focus is in obtaining simulation and experimental results related to Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC), with the aim not only of using for the very first time YK parameterization in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) domain, but improving CACC state-of-the art. Stable controller reconfiguration results are given when non-available communication link with the preceding vehicle, cut-in/out maneuvers or surrounding vehicles with different dynamics, proving adapability, stability and possible real implementation of the YK parameterization as general control framework for autonomous vehicles
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Books on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Mamychev, Aleksey, Anton Vasilyev, DariusH Shopper, Inna Vetrenko, Aleksey Ovchinnikov, Ilia Minnikes, Victor Zatonskiy, et al. THE ROBOTS ASSERT THEIR RIGHTS. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02027-2.

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The monograph was prepared based on the results of the I far Eastern international forum "Robots claim their rights: doctrinal and legal foundations and moral and ethical standards for the use of Autonomous robotic technologies and devices", dedicated to the discussion of the processes of digital transformation of society, public power activities, law and the state. The event discussed social and philosophical, political and legal, and moral and ethical issues of developing, implementing and applying modern end-to-end digital technologies in various spheres of society's life. The proposed materials are useful for specialists in the field of law, political science, philosophy and other areas of socio-humanitarian knowledge, as well as for all those interested in the digital transformation of modern society.
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Dwyer, James G. Regulating Child Rearing in a Culturally Diverse Society. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786429.003.0014.

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Common complaints against state agencies that regulate parental conduct are that they are insensitive to cultural diversity, unfairly force adult members of cultural minorities to conform to majoritarian norms, and consequently both disrupt parent–child relationships to children's detriment and threaten the very survival of minority cultures. This chapter will address the difficult question of whether and to what extent state agencies should modify child-welfare standards to fit different practices of minority cultural groups. Answering this question entails: clarifying the state’s role generally in the lives of non-autonomous persons, considering who is the best alternative decision maker for them, articulating the value commitments of modern liberal societies, assessing the appropriateness of applying those commitments to state regulation of care for non-autonomous persons, and critically examining claims of adult entitlement to dictate the course of particular young persons’ lives.
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Directions for optimizing activities to ensure the quality and safety of medical care. Collection of materials. Remedium Privolzhje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21145/978-5-906125-80-4_2020.

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Editorial Board: Poklad L.A. — Doctor of Economics and Management, Director of the State Autonomous Establishment of Supplementary Professional Education of the Nizhny Novgorod region «Center for Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Health Professionals», chief freelance specialist on nursing management of the Volga Federal District. Vagina E.V. — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director of the State Autonomous Establishment of Supplementary Professional Education of the Nizhny Novgorod region «Center for Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Health Professionals». The collection of materials contains scientific and practical materials that reflect modern trends in the development of education and health care, ways of their effective interaction. The authors of the articles presented innovative approaches to nursing practice and professional education of medical workers, offered their views on the problem of increasing the professionalism and prestige of a nursing specialist, the implementation of continuous medical education for specialists with secondary medical and pharmaceutical education. The articles are published in the original, author’s edition. The authors declare that there is no potential conflict of interest and that it is necessary to disclose it in the material.
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Baquero Cruz, Julio. Against Constitutional Pluralism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830610.003.0003.

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This chapter focuses on the concept of ‘constitutional pluralism’. If integration can be seen as a complex process in which institutions, powers, interests, norms, principles, and values are in constant interaction, an essential element on which to test its state of health is the principle of primacy, the partial resistance to it by some national constitutional actors, and the sophisticated attempt to transcend this tension through the theory of constitutional pluralism. Together with direct effect, primacy embodies the force of Union law with regard to state law, redefining legal boundaries in Europe. Indeed, what is at stake in primacy is the very existence of the law of integration as an autonomous system—an existence that cannot be without consequences for the constitutional orders of the Member States. Resisting the allure of pluralism, the chapter argues that the approach of Union law to its relationship with national law is preferable to the other approaches.
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Bruce, Steve. Secularization and Its Consequences. Edited by Phil Zuckerman and John R. Shook. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.013.4.

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The secularization paradigm argues that the decline of religion in the West is an unintended consequence of a variety of complex social changes known as modernization. Without a dramatic reversal of the increasing cultural autonomy of the individual, secularization is irreversible. In the stable affluent democracies of the West, the individual asserts the rights of the sovereign autonomous consumer. In the absence of social forces eroding that freedom, creation of a detailed ideological consensus is not possible, and no amount of vague spiritual yearning will generate a shared belief system. This diversity and its consequences is explored in this chapter.
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de Shalit, Avner. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833215.003.0001.

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Immigration should be discussed within the context of the city rather than the state because cities are now quite autonomous political entities and because nearly all immigrants settle in cities. Hence the meeting between locals and immigrants take place in the context of urban life rather than as citizens of the state. The book’s three questions are presented: should cities be in charge of deciding whether to allow immigrants to settle in the city? If yes, what local political rights should be granted to immigrants? And is there a model of integration which is superior to other models? The latter involved a comparative study of three such models, in Amsterdam, Berlin, and Jerusalem.
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Galab, S., and M. Gopinath Reddy. Policy Impact: Evidence from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199474417.003.0010.

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This chapter discusses research to policy linkages at state level with a case study of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states. The study used the research done by the Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS) located at Hyderabad to assess the linkages of the research it had done in the policies of the state, and also the possible impact in actual policymaking in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The policy research of the CESS is broadly categorized into two types, viz., research-driven policy; and policy-driven research. The study found that in both cases, the CESS research had a significant impact on framing of state policies. The study shows that research by a dedicated and autonomous research institute can play a useful role in giving direction to the policies of the state and help in bringing about changes in the lives of people.
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Nolte, David D. The Measure of Life. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805847.003.0011.

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This final topic of the book extends the ideas of dynamics in abstract spaces of high dimension to encompass the idea of a trajectory of life. Health and disease become dynamical systems defined by all the proteins and nucleic acids that comprise the physical self. Concepts from network theory, autonomous oscillators and synchronization contribute to this viewpoint. Healthy trajectories are like stable limit cycles in phase space, but disease can knock the system trajectory into dangerous regions of health space, as doctors turn to new developments in personalized medicine try to return the individual to a healthy path. This is the ultimate generalization of Galileo’s simple parabolic trajectory.
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Reny, Marie-Eve. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698089.003.0008.

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This chapter summarizes the argument of the book. It also puts Chinese and comparative cases into perspective. It delves into the way containment sustains authoritarian rule not only in China, but also in Jordan and Egypt. Like public security bureaus that tolerate house churches to contain the long-term influence of informal Protestantism, state security actors in Jordan and Egypt have contained informal religious groups they anticipate might threaten political stability if left unmonitored. The conclusion ends on a note that is more specific to China. It discusses containment’s impact on societal agency and the circumstances in which it might lead to the legalization of informal religious organizations as autonomous.
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Wallace, Helen, and Christine Reh. 4. An Institutional Anatomy and Five Policy Modes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689675.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the European Union’s institutional design and how its institutions interact with national institutions in five different policy modes. It first considers the evolving role and internal functioning of the European Commission, Council of the EU, European Council, European Parliament, and Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). It also discusses quasi-autonomous agencies, in particular the European Central Bank (ECB), institutionalized control and scrutiny, and non-state actors. It concludes with an analysis of five EU policy modes that capture the different patterns of interaction between EU and national institutions: the classical Community method, the regulatory mode, the distributional mode, the policy coordination mode, and intensive transgovernmentalism.
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Book chapters on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Jiang, Ping, Shouhei Shirafuji, Ryosuke Chiba, Kaoru Takakusaki, and Jun Ota. "Proposal of a Stance Postural Control Model with Vestibular and Proprioceptive Somatosensory Sensory Input." In Intelligent Autonomous Systems 14, 39–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48036-7_4.

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Kunz, Raffaela. "Teaching the World Court Makes a Bad Case: Revisiting the Relationship Between Domestic Courts and the ICJ." In Remedies against Immunity?, 259–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_14.

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AbstractSentenza 238/2014 once more highlights the important role domestic courts play in international law. More than prior examples, it illustrates the ever more autonomous and self-confident stance of domestic courts on the international plane. But the ruling of the Italian Constitutional Court (ItCC) also shows that more engagement with international law does not necessarily mean that domestic courts enhance the effectiveness of international law and become ‘compliance partners’ of international courts. Sentenza 238/2014 suggests that domestic courts, in times of global governance and increased activity of international courts, see the role they play at the intersection of legal orders also as ‘gate-keepers’, ready to cushion the domestic impact of international law if deemed necessary. The judgment of the ItCC thus offers a new opportunity to examine the multifaceted and complex role of these important actors that apply and shape international law, while always remaining bound by domestic (constitutional) law. This chapter does so by exploring how domestic courts deal with rulings of the World Court. It shows that despite the fact that in numerous situations domestic courts could act as compliance partners of the International Court of Justice, in reality, more often than not, they have refused to do so, arguing that its judgments are not self-executing and thus deferring the implementation to the political branches. Assessing this practice, the chapter argues that domestic courts should take a more active stance and overcome the purely interstate view that seems at odds with present-day international law. While it seems too far-reaching to expect domestic courts to follow international courts unconditionally, the chapter cautions that there is a considerable risk of setting dangerous precedents by openly defying international judgments. Domestic courts should carefully balance the different interests at stake, namely an effective system of international adjudication on the one hand and the protection of fundamental domestic principles on the other hand. The chapter finds that the ItCC’s attempt to reintroduce clear boundaries between legal orders lacks the openness and flexibility needed to effectively cope with today’s complex and plural legal reality.
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Beckemeyer, Nathaniel, William Macke, and Sandip Sen. "Stable Configurations with (Meta)Punishing Agents." In Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 17–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71679-4_2.

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Saggar, Manish, Thomas D’Silva, Nate Kohl, and Peter Stone. "Autonomous Learning of Stable Quadruped Locomotion." In RoboCup 2006: Robot Soccer World Cup X, 98–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74024-7_9.

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Esman, Milton J. "The Autonomous Commander-in-Chief." In The Emerging American Garrison State, 57–68. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137093653_7.

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Senn, Myriam. "An Approach to Autonomous Regulatory Regimes." In Non-State Regulatory Regimes, 49–107. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14974-0_3.

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Hutt, B., K. Warwick, and I. Goodhew. "Emergent behaviours in autonomous robots." In WIT Transactions on State-of-the-art in Science and Engineering, 447–62. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/978-1-85312-853-0/14.

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Cohen, Reuven, and David Peleg. "Convergence of Autonomous Mobile Robots with Inaccurate Sensors and Movements." In STACS 2006, 549–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11672142_45.

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Schmotzer, Milan. "Reactive Agents Based Autonomous Transport System." In The State of the Art in Computational Intelligence, 390–91. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-1844-4_66.

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Meltzer, Howard Steven. "Ingarden: Viewing Art as Existentially Autonomous." In Life the Play of Life on the Stage of the World in Fine Arts, Stage-Play, and Literature, 315–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0826-6_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Arkin, Ronald C., and Lilia Moshkina. "Lethality and Autonomous Robots: An Ethical Stance." In 2007 International Symposium on Technology and Society: Risk, Uncertainty, Vulnerability, Technology and Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istas.2007.4362202.

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Huang, Lihua, Ryan Ryan Steger, and H. Kazerooni. "Hybrid Control of the Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton (BLEEX)." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80109.

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The first functional load-carrying and energetically autonomous exoskeleton was demonstrated at U.C. Berkeley, walking at the average speed of 0.9 m/s (2 mph) while carrying a 34 kg (75 lb) payload. The original BLEEX sensitivity amplification controller, based on positive feedback, was designed to increase the closed loop system sensitivity to its wearer’s forces and torques without any direct measurement from the wearer. The controller was successful at allowing natural and unobstructed load support for the pilot. This article presents an improved control scheme we call “mixed” control that adds robustness to changing BLEEX backpack payload. The walking gait cycle is divided into stance control and swing control phases. Position control is used for the BLEEX stance leg (including torso and backpack) and the sensitivity amplification controller is used for the swing leg. The controller is also designed to smoothly transitions between these two schemes as the pilot walks. With mixed control, the controller does not require a good model of the BLEEX torso and payload, which is difficult to obtain and subject to change as payload is added and removed. As a tradeoff, the position control used in this method requires the human to wear seven inclinometers to measure human limb and torso angles. These additional sensors require careful design to securely fasten them to the human and increase the time to don (and doff) BLEEX.
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Britt, Winard, William Lyles, and David M. Bevly. "A State Machine Controller for the Autonomous Guidance of a Trained Canine." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4020.

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This work demonstrates the autonomous command of a trained search canine to multiple waypoints using a novel state machine control algorithm. A hardware system is utilized in order to interface with the Global Position Satellite (GPS) system and with a tone and vibration generator for the purpose of accurately navigating and commanding the canine. An operational control algorithm for autonomous guidance of the canine is described in detail. Empirical results of an autonomously commanded canine are demonstrated with an 73% mission success rate for simple paths and a 62% mission success rate for complex paths. This work demonstrates a novel way to expand the capabilities of canines in a wide variety of missions, including search and detection.
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Tang, Te, Hsien-Chung Lin, and Masayoshi Tomizuka. "A Learning-Based Framework for Robot Peg-Hole-Insertion." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9703.

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Peg-hole-insertion is a common operation in industry production, but autonomous execution by robots has been a big challenge for many years. Current robot programming for this kind of contact problem requires tremendous effort, which needs delicate trajectory and force tuning. However, human may accomplish this task with much less time and fewer trials. It will be a great benefit if robots can learn the human skill and apply it autonomously. This paper introduces a framework for teaching robot peg-hole-insertion from human demonstration. A Dimension Reduction and Recovery method is proposed to simplify control policy learning. The Gaussian Mixture Regression is utilized to imitate human skill and a Dual Stage Force Control strategy is designed for autonomous execution by robots. The effectiveness of the teaching framework is demonstrated by a series of experiments.
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Macnab, C. J. B. "Stable neural control of a flexible-joint manipulator subjected to sinusoidal disturbance." In 2009 4th International Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icara.2000.4803966.

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Ertelt, Christoph, and Kristina Shea. "Generative Design and CNC Fabrication Using Shape Grammars." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49856.

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Generative design and fabrication refers to the ability to autonomously generate designs while simultaneously generating all information to directly fabricate them. This technique is driven by the increasing need to rapidly and flexibly fabricate customized parts and individually designed products. For the automation of the design-to-fabrication process chain, intensive and dynamically updated knowledge from the domains of design and fabrication must be provided. To allow for a flexible, autonomous fabrication, the knowledge modeled must dynamically reflect the state of the fabrication system and its capabilities. This paper presents an approach to unify knowledge for generative design and generative fabrication using shape grammars. With shape grammars, the geometry of designs and their mapping to removal volumes corresponding to fabrication processes on CNC machine tools are represented. The process instructions for fabrication are included by augmenting the removal volume shapes with labels. A new shape grammar approach to represent designs and fabrication processes is presented and validated on an example functional part as a proof-of-concept. The approach enables pushing knowledge downstream, from design and process planning directly to the fabrication system itself providing a stepping stone towards awareness of machine capabilities in fabrication systems and autonomous process planning for customized parts.
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Gray, Steven R., Joseph M. Romano, Jordan Brindza, Soonkyum Kim, Katherine J. Kuchenbecker, and Vijay Kumar. "Planning Manipulation and Grasping Tasks With a Redundant Arm." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47453.

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This paper presents an approach to analysis and planning for autonomous manipulation tasks using a commercially available robotic arm and hand. We discuss hardware implementation, software architecture, and state machine behaviors. The inverse kinematics of the seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator are analytically derived with special attention to deterministically resolving the redundancy at the position level. Appropriate grasps are generated given the perceived position and orientation of the target object. Planning for the arm is accomplished in joint space using an RRT* implementation. Our implementation is able to detect an arbitrarily placed object in the workspace, generate a plan for the arm and hand avoiding obstacles, and execute the planned manipulation task. To show the efficacy of our approach, we present experiments in which the system autonomously grasps a canteen and a flashlight.
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Beckman, Blake, Micheal Trentini, and Jeff Pieper. "Control algorithms for stable range-of-motion behaviours of a multi degree-of-freedom robot." In 2010 International Conference on Autonomous and Intelligent Systems (AIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ais.2010.5547047.

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Kasaei, Mohammadreza, Nuno Lau, and Artur Pereira. "An optimal closed-loop framework to develop stable walking for humanoid robot." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarsc.2018.8374156.

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Iijima, Koichiro, Yu Ikemoto, and Takashi Fukumoto. "A Decentralized Negotiation Method for Stable Resource Allocation Based on Symbiotic-Autonomous Decentralized System Concept." In 2015 IEEE Twelfth International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized System (ISADS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isads.2015.41.

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Reports on the topic "Autonomous stance"

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Patzek, Michael, George Bearden, Allen Rowe, Clayton Rothwell, and Benjamin Ausdenmoore. Supervisory Control State Diagrams to Depict Autonomous Activity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada587428.

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Razdan, Rahul. Unsettled Issues Regarding Autonomous Vehicles and Open-source Software. SAE International, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021009.

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As automobiles morph from stand-alone mechanical objects to highly connected, autonomous systems with increasing amounts of electronic components. To manage these complex systems, some semblance of in-car decision-making is also being built and networked to a cloud architecture. This cloud can also enable even deeper capabilities within the broader automotive ecosystem. Unsettled Issues Regarding Autonomous Vehicles and Open-source Software introduces the impact of software in advanced automotive applications, the role of open-source communities in accelerating innovation, and the important topic of safety and cybersecurity. As electronic functionality is captured in software and a bigger percentage of that software is open-source code, some critical challenges arise concerning security and validation.
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Kelly, Alonzo. A 3D State Space Formulation of a Navigation Kalman Filter for Autonomous Vehicles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada282853.

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DURRNAT-WHYTE, HUGH. A Critical Review of the State-of-the-Art in Autonomous Land Vehicle Systems and Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/792867.

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Vonk, Jaynie. Women's Empowerment in the Philippines: Impact evaluation of the ‘BASIC START’ project. Oxfam GB, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6935.

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This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2018/19 on women’s empowerment. The BASIC START (Building Autonomous and Stable Institutions and Communities through Socially Cohesive, Transparent, Accountable and Responsive Transition) in the Bangsamoro' project was carried out in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) in the Philippines between April 2015 and August 2017, by Oxfam together with four implementing partners: Al Mujadilah Development Foundation (AMDF), United Youth of the Philippines Women (UnYPhil-Women), Tarbilang Foundation, and Women Engaged in Action on 1325 (WE Act 1325). The project aimed to promote women's empowerment and peacebuilding in the region. A quasi-experimental approach was used to assess the impact of the project activities in strengthening women’s empowerment. The evaluation used Oxfam's Women's Empowerment (WE) index. Overall, the evaluation found that the BASIC START project had a positive impact on Women's Empowerment in all three levels investigated – personal, relational and environmental. Find out more by reading the evaluation brief or the full report.
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Fang, Chen. Unsettled Issues in Vehicle Autonomy, Artificial Intelligence, and Human-Machine Interaction. SAE International, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021010.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions are slowly making their way into our daily lives, integrating with our processes to enhance our lifestyles. This is major a technological component regarding the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, as of today, no existing, consumer ready AV design has reached SAE Level 5 automation or fully integrates with the driver. Unsettled Issues in Vehicle Autonomy, AI and Human-Machine Interaction discusses vital issues related to AV interface design, diving into speech interaction, emotion detection and regulation, and driver trust. For each of these aspects, the report presents the current state of research and development, challenges, and solutions worth exploring.
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Balali, Vahid, Arash Tavakoli, and Arsalan Heydarian. A Multimodal Approach for Monitoring Driving Behavior and Emotions. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1928.

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Studies have indicated that emotions can significantly be influenced by environmental factors; these factors can also significantly influence drivers’ emotional state and, accordingly, their driving behavior. Furthermore, as the demand for autonomous vehicles is expected to significantly increase within the next decade, a proper understanding of drivers’/passengers’ emotions, behavior, and preferences will be needed in order to create an acceptable level of trust with humans. This paper proposes a novel semi-automated approach for understanding the effect of environmental factors on drivers’ emotions and behavioral changes through a naturalistic driving study. This setup includes a frontal road and facial camera, a smart watch for tracking physiological measurements, and a Controller Area Network (CAN) serial data logger. The results suggest that the driver’s affect is highly influenced by the type of road and the weather conditions, which have the potential to change driving behaviors. For instance, when the research defines emotional metrics as valence and engagement, results reveal there exist significant differences between human emotion in different weather conditions and road types. Participants’ engagement was higher in rainy and clear weather compared to cloudy weather. More-over, engagement was higher on city streets and highways compared to one-lane roads and two-lane highways.
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