Academic literature on the topic 'Autonomous Retail'
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Journal articles on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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ZAVEDEEV, Egor V., and Anar A. ALYAROV. "Current status and prospects for the development of the retailing sector of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra." Regional Economics: Theory and Practice 20, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 2263–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/re.20.12.2263.
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Subject. This article analyzes the potential for the development of small and medium-sized businesses and discusses the issues of diversification of the economy of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the role of retail trade in the development of the consumer sector of the economy of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis. Results. The article presents worst-case and priority scenarios for the development of the retail trade system of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra and offers a mix of State and municipal support measures for the consumer sector. Conclusions. The retail sector can become an economic growth area of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, if adequate measures of State and municipal support are implemented, including through multiplicative effects.
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Chen, Sheng-Chi, and Shari S. C. Shang. "Sustaining User Experience in a Smart System in the Retail Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2021): 5090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095090.
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Retail enterprises are embracing new technologies to provide innovative services to customers and engage them. Unmanned retail stores offer a completely new seamless shopping experience for customers. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) technology and sophisticated customer behavior should be explored in depth to develop a smart system to serve customers. This study focused on achieving a sustainable user experience with a smart system installed in an autonomous store. The development of core functions and a rule-based knowledge set are regarded as the most important tasks in designing autonomous services. In the case study, the core functions were developed on the basis of the design science concept and the rule-based knowledge set was constructed using the action research approach. The developed smart system was optimized to understand in-store customer behavior by continuously observing and refining the user experience. The practical experience of this study provides insights into AI technology use in retailing and can guide enterprises in developing smart systems.
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Morenza-Cinos, Marc, Victor Casamayor-Pujol, and Rafael Pous. "Stock visibility for retail using an RFID robot." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 49, no. 10 (December 10, 2019): 1020–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-03-2018-0151.
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Purpose The combination of the latest advancements in information and communication technologies with the latest developments in AutoID technologies, especially radio frequency identification (RFID), brings the possibility of high-resolution, item-level visibility of the entire supply chain. In the particular case of retail, visibility of both the stock count and item location in the shop floor is crucial not only for an effective management of the retail supply chain but also for physical retail stores to compete with online retailers. The purpose of this paper is to propose an autonomous robot that can perform stock-taking using RFID for item-level identification much more accurately and efficiently than the traditional method of using human operators with RFID handheld readers. Design/methodology/approach This work follows the design science research methodology. The paper highlights a required improvement for an RFID inventory robot. The design hypothesis leads to a novel algorithm. Then the cycle of development and evaluation is iterated several times. Finally, conclusions are derived and a new basis for further development is provided. Findings An autonomous robot for stock-taking is proven feasible. By applying a proper navigation strategy, coupled to the stream of identifications, the accuracy, precision, consistency and time to complete stock-taking are significantly better than doing the same task manually. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this work is the unavailability of data to analyze the actual impact on the correction of inventory record inaccuracy and its subsequent implications for the supply chain management. Nonetheless, it is shown that figures of actual stock-tacking procedures can be significantly improved. Originality/value This paper discloses the potential of deploying an inventory robot in the supply chain. The robot is called to be a key source of inventory data conforming supply chain management 4.0 and omnichannel retail.
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Ketter, Wolfgang, Markus Peters, and John Collins. "Autonomous Agents in Future Energy Markets: The 2012 Power Trading Agent Competition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, no. 1 (June 29, 2013): 1298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8479.
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Sustainable energy systems of the future will need more than efficient, clean, and low-cost energy sources. They will also need efficient price signals that motivate sustainable energy consumption behaviors and a tight real-time alignment of energy demand with supply from renewable and traditional sources. The Power Trading Agent Competition (Power TAC) is a rich, competitive, open-source simulation platform for future retail power markets built on real-world data and state-of-the-art customer models. Its purpose is to help researchers understand the dynamics of customer and retailer decision-making as well as the robustness of proposed market designs. Power TAC invites researchers to develop autonomous electricity broker agents and to pit them against best-in-class strategies in global competitions, the first of which will be held at AAAI 2013. Power TAC competitions provide compelling, actionable information for policy makers and industry leaders. We describe the competition scenario, demonstrate the realism of the Power TAC platform, and analyze key characteristics of successful brokers in one of our 2012 pilot competitions between seven research groups from five different countries.
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V, Cherviakova. "DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF CAR DEALERSHIP BUSINESS IN CONDITIONS OF THE CRISIS CAUSED BY COVID-19." National Transport University Bulletin 49, no. 2 (2021): 198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2021-2-49-198-214.
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The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the car retail strategy in the conditions of digital transformation and challenges caused by COVID-19. Object of study - digital transformation of car dealership business in conditions of COVID-19. Purpose - to investigate the process of car retail strategy formation in conditions of digital transformation and challenges caused by COVID-19. Methods of research - analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, graphic. The article examines how the change in consumer preferences, digitalization, and ACES trends (autonomous driving, connectivity, the electrification of vehicles, and shared mobility) cause the transformation of car retail. The current situation with COVID-19 is accelerating the introduction of digital car purchase models and the development of online sales channels. The essence of modern trends of the car retail market and their consequences for car manufacturers, dealers, and clients have been analyzed. Five archetypes of future retail strategies in the automotive market have been identified, with their characteristics, prerequisites, and implications for automakers, dealers, and customers. The state and prospects of the automotive market of Ukraine have been investigated. It was concluded that the role of official dealerships in vehicle trade, maintenance, and repair will gradually decrease. A number of measures were proposed to ensure the survival of dealerships in Ukraine. KEY WORDS: DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, DIGITALIZATION. CAR DEALERSHIP BUSINESS, RETAIL STRATEGY, BUSINESS MODEL, COVID-19.
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Brown, Alan S. "The Proving Grounds." Mechanical Engineering 139, no. 07 (July 1, 2017): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2017-jul-1.
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This article focuses on the emerging supply chain of hardware, software, and engineers transforming warehouses to test bed of innovation for autonomous robots. Although warehouses are controlled environments, they are filled with changing obstacles, traffic, and unexpected surprises. Warehouses used to be the hub of a relatively simple logistics operation. They received and stored pallets of identical goods from manufacturers and importers, and then sent boxes via a conveyor belt or cart to trucks destined for retail outlets. Bruce Welty and his partner have built a world-class e-commerce fulfillment facility, Quiet Logistics, by deploying robots sold by Kiva Systems. The next-generation robots have master control systems to optimize their movements, as do the Kiva robots. However, these new robots are designed to collaborate with human workers rather than banishing them from the aisles, which means the robots must move briskly across the warehouse floor while avoiding people, forklifts, pallets, and boxes. Economics make warehouses a great proving ground for autonomous robots.
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Harmon, Mark, Murray Ellender, and Richard Draper. "Innovative new ways of consulting." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 11, no. 9 (August 3, 2018): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738018782552.
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In the near future, autonomous cars will allow us to drive without driving, virtual reality will allow us to feel without touching, and genomics will pick up life-threatening diseases before they even begin. It is inevitable that the challenges of widespread access to good healthcare will involve digital solutions in line with a digital revolution in the banking and retail sectors. The NHS GP Forward View promotes and encourages general practice to innovate and explore new technology, applications and ways of working. This article considers the development of innovative new ways of consulting and the potential advantages and challenges of adopting new technology.
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Chebotareva, G. S., and A. A. Dvinayninov. "An Economic Alternative to Replacing Centralized Gas Supply with Autonomous Biogas Facilities in Russian Cities." Journal of Applied Economic Research 20, no. 3 (2021): 582–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.023.
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The main trend in energy development is to increase energy efficiency by reducing the use of limited natural resources, the spread of renewable energy, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. An effective response to these challenges is the use of biogas plants that produce clean energy and solve the environmental problems of waste disposal and recycling. The purpose of the article is to assess the economic efficiency of replacing district gas supply with autonomous biogas plants in public utilities. A hypothesis has been put forward that the feasibility of using such technologies depends on climatic features and the specific provisions of state regulation of prices and gas consumption rates. A cost approach was applied that assesses the overall structure of equipment costs, as well as a comparative assessment method according to the principle “with / without a biogas plant”, and a scenario analysis, the criterion of which is the size of the family owning the plant. An auxiliary method for forecasting retail and economically justified prices for natural gas for the population was used. The object of calculations is the “HomeBiogas” installation intended for home use. Three Russian cities were chosen as territorial subjects: Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk and Krasnodar. The cities which differ significantly in their natural characteristics and approaches to the formation of retail gas prices. It has been proved that although the average monthly temperatures differ significantly in the cities considered, none of them has a constant temperature exceeding the required standard value of 17°C. In each case, the initial capital investment is driven up by the cost of installing additional insulation and heating systems. This equalizes the costs of warmer and colder areas. Therefore, the climatic features of cities are not significant and do not affect the economic efficiency of using a biogas plant. In turn, state regulation of prices and norms of gas consumption by the population is of decisive importance. The findings are of theoretical and practical importance. The methodology can be applied to assess the efficiency of using biogas plants in industry and gasification projects in the remote areas of Russia.
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Dworakowski, Daniel, Christopher Thompson, Michael Pham-Hung, and Goldie Nejat. "A Robot Architecture Using ContextSLAM to Find Products in Unknown Crowded Retail Environments." Robotics 10, no. 4 (September 26, 2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10040110.
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Grocery shoppers must negotiate cluttered, crowded, and complex store layouts containing a vast variety of products to make their intended purchases. This complexity may prevent even experienced shoppers from finding their grocery items, consuming a lot of their time and resulting in monetary loss for the store. To address these issues, we present a generic grocery robot architecture for the autonomous search and localization of products in crowded dynamic unknown grocery store environments using a unique context Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (contextSLAM) method. The contextSLAM method uniquely creates contextually rich maps through the online fusion of optical character recognition and occupancy grid information to locate products and aid in robot localization in an environment. The novelty of our robot architecture is in its ability to intelligently use geometric and contextual information within the context map to direct robot exploration in order to localize products in unknown environments in the presence of dynamic people. Extensive experiments were conducted with a mobile robot to validate the overall architecture and contextSLAM, including in a real grocery store. The results of the experiments showed that our architecture was capable of searching for and localizing all products in various grocery lists in different unknown environments.
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Wang, Zheni, and Alexandra Panaccio. "A Longitudinal Investigation of the Changes in Work Motivation and Employees’ Psychological Health." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 4 (December 13, 2022): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040193.
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Organizations strive to motivate employees to thrive at work. However, employees’ motivation is likely to vary over a short period (e.g., a few months) to cope with the routine dynamics of organizations’ activities. These motivation dynamics covary with employees’ affective, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in the workplace. Moreover, employees’ psychological health, a multidimensional concept focused on the individual’s well/ill-being simultaneously, changes over time. Using the integrated theoretical frameworks of self-determination theory (SDT) and the hierarchical model of self-determined motivation (H-SDT), this research sought to examine the motivational changes following the dual-path model. In particular, this work sought to unpack the temporal dynamics in employees’ subjective well/ill-beings predicted by the changes in basic needs satisfaction/frustration through autonomous/controlled motivation, while considering the characteristics of people’s general causality orientations (trait-level motivation). Over four months, longitudinal field data were collected from the employees in several private small businesses in the consumer product retail industry. Latent growth modeling (LGM) results supported the positive dual relations between the changes in employees’ psychological health and basic psychological needs satisfaction/frustration, but neither the changes of autonomous/controlled work motivation nor the indirect change paths via autonomous/controlled work motivation were significant. Finally, we discussed the theoretical and practical implications of the findings. Limitations and possible future research directions to further this line of research on the dynamic of work motivation were also summarized.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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Heimfarth, Andreas [Verfasser], Alexander [Akademischer Betreuer] Hübner, Heinrich [Gutachter] Kuhn, Alexander [Gutachter] Hübner, and Stefan [Gutachter] Minner. "Operations Research Methods for the Sustainable Use of Autonomous Delivery Robots in Retail / Andreas Heimfarth ; Gutachter: Heinrich Kuhn, Alexander Hübner, Stefan Minner ; Betreuer: Alexander Hübner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240832834/34.
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Castillo-García, Pedro. "Modélisation et commande d'un mini hélicoptère à quatre rotors." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1497.
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Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'obtention de lois de commande non linéaires pour la réalisation de vol stationnaire de manière autonome. Utilisant les propriétés des fonctions de saturation et la théorie de Lyapunov, des lois de commande pour stabiliser deux types de véhicules aériens ont été proposées : l'avion à décollage et atterrissage vertical du type PVTOL (Planar Vertical Take Off and Landing) et l'hélicoptère à quatre rotors. Un modèle mathématique qui tient compte de la dynamique des moteurs pour l'hélicoptère à quatre rotors a été obtenu. Ce modèle permet d'expliquer le fonctionnement de ce type d'hélicoptère, en particulier comment sont générés les forces et les couples qui agissent sur l'appareil. Une loi de commande basée sur la prédiction de l'état est établie afin d'étudier un système hybride (dans le sens que le système est considéré en continu tandis que la loi de commande est discrète). La robustesse de l'algorithme de contrôle vis-à-vis des perturbations dans le retard, dans les paramètres du système et dans la période d'échantillonnage, a été montrée avec une étude de stabilité et a été vérifiée expérimentalement. Une analyse théorique des algorithmes de contrôle proposés et des réalisations expérimentales est faite afin d'illustrer les performances de ces développements. Des plates-formes expérimentales ont été réalisées pour appliquer et tester les lois de commande proposées. Finalement, une étude de différents capteurs couramment utilisés dans les véhicules aériens autonomes a été faite afin de comprendre le fonctionnement des centrales inertielles et d'avancer dans la réalisation d'un navigateur inertiel.
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Rojas-Ramirez, Belem Isabel. "Modeling and control of aerial vehicles using teleoperation with input delay." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2568.
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Les UAVs suscitent un intérêt croissant de la part de l’industrie et des universités en raison de leur large application dans la recherche et le sauvetage, l’inspection des infrastructures, la surveillance, entre autres. Cette thèse se concentre sur la recherche dans le domaine des systèmes de téléopération pour véhicules quadrirotor. Tout au long de cette thèse, un système de téléopération pour un véhicule quadrirotor a été développé. Dans ce système, l’interface utilisateur est basée sur une approche de téléprésence virtuelle. Des algorithmes de contrôle ont été développés et mis en œuvre dans les systèmes maître et esclave. La première partie de cette thèse consiste à développer des modèles mathématiques de la dynamique d’un avion quadrotor. La plupart des travaux actuellement trouvés dans la littérature pour les quadrotors sont basés sur des approches classiques telles que les angles d’Euler. Ces représentations peuvent conduire à des problèmes tels que des discontinuités, des singularités, des verrous à cardan et des équations hautement non linéaires. Une alternative à ces représentations classiques sont les quaternions unitaires. Ceux-ci présentent les avantages du manque de singularités et d’effets de verrouillage de la nacelle. La deuxième partie de ce travail a été consacrée au développement d’un système de téléopération à quatre rotors. Ce système se compose d’une interface utilisateur virtuelle dans un environnement local et d’un quadrotor dans un environnement distant. Une communication UDP a été utilisée pour communiquer les deux environnements. L’utilisateur manipule un drone virtuel dans l’environnement local et un vrai drone suit les références de position et d’orientation dans un environnement distant. L’utilisateur reçoit un retour virtuel sur les états du véhicule réel dans l’environnement virtuel. Les résultats de la mise en œuvre du système de téléopération proposé en temps réel sont présentés. La dernière partie de cette thèse aborde le problème des retards dans le système de téléopération. Les retards dus à la latence du système et à la distance entre les environnements ont été modélisés comme une entrée de commande retardée. Ensuite, un contrôleur basé sur des prédicteurs a été développé afin de maintenir la stabilité du vol d’un drone. Cette approche a été appliquée au modèle classique d’Euler-Lagrange et au modèle basé sur les quaternions afin d’analyser les performances. Des simulations des deux modèles avec des entrées retardées sont présentéesUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are receiving increasing interest from industry and academia due to their wide application in search and rescue, infrastructure inspection, surveillance, among others. This thesis focuses on research in the area of teleoperation systems for quadrotor vehicles. Throughout this thesis, a teleoperation system for a quadrotor vehicle was developed. In this system, the user interface is based on a virtual telepresence approach. Control algorithms were developed and implemented within the master and slave systems. The first part of this thesis consists of developing mathematical models of the dynamics of a quadrotor aircraft. Most works currently found in the literature for quadrotors are based on classical approaches such as Euler angles. These representations can lead to problems such as discontinuities, singularities, gimbal-locks, and highly non-linear equations. An alternative to these classical representations are unit quaternions. These have the advantages of the lack of singularities and gimbal lock effects. The second part of this work was dedicated to the development of a quadrotor teleoperation system. This system consists of a virtual user interface in a local environment and a quadrotor in a remote environment. A User Datagram Protocol (UDP) communication was used to communicate both environments. The user manipulates a virtual drone in the local environment and a real drone follows the position and orientation references in a remote environment. The user receives virtual feedback on the states of the real vehicle in the virtual environment. Results of the implementation of the proposed teleoperation system in real time are presented. The last part of this thesis addresses the delay problem in the teleoperation system. Delays due to system latency and the distance between environments were modeled as a delayed control input. Then, a predictor-based controller was developed in order to maintain the stability of a drone’s flight. This approach was applied to the classical Euler- Lagrange model and to the quaternion-based model in order to analyze performance. Simulations of both models with delayed inputs are presented
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Oo, Naing Win. "Multi-energy retail market simulation with autonomous intelligent agents." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/12550.
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Oo, Naing Win. "Multi-energy retail market simulation with autonomous intelligent agents." Tese, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/12550.
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Butenschön, Ana-Marit. "A forward-looking analysis on autonomous delivery vehicles and their impact on the german Ggrocery retail industry." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/35353.
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The steady growth of grocery e-commerce, the associated logistical last mile challenges as well as increasing delivery expectations of consumers, give rise to new market opportunities for last
mile delivery service providers. Autonomous delivery vehicles (ADVs) such as drones and
delivery robots are potential disruptors with their ability to improve operational efficiency in
the last stage of delivery. Focusing on Germany, this dissertation explores the impact of ADVs
on the grocery retail industry and illustrates potential future industry developments until 2030
by applying a scenario building process. The impact of ADVs on the industry was observed
through a use case analysis that identified eight promising application areas. Further estimations
regarding each use cases’ market potential and last mile delivery costs as well as the complementation from a consumer viewpoint enabled an analysis from different perspectives.
While it is expected that technology-wise both drones and delivery robots will reach their
needed intelligence making it a safe delivery option in ten years, the potential of drones is assessed to be lower in grocery retailing. This due to their limited payload capacity and
remaining insufficient legal infrastructure for widespread deployment in urban areas. While this
study illustrates that grocers should not invest in their fleet of ADVs, with the strategic intentions of ADV sellers to establish promising “on-demand” marketplace platforms, a high
potential for cost reduction for grocers remains.O crescimento constante do comércio alimentar eletrónico, os desafios logísticos associados à última fase, bem como as crescentes expectativas de entrega dos consumidores, dão origem a novas oportunidades de mercado para os fornecedores de serviços de entrega. Os veículos de entrega autónomos (ADVs), tais como drones e robôs, são potenciais disruptores, dada a sua capacidade de melhorar a eficiência operacional na última fase da entrega. Esta dissertação explora o impacto dos ADVs na indústria retalhista alimentar Alemã, e ilustra os seus potenciais desenvolvimentos até 2030, aplicando um processo de construção de cenários. O impacto dos ADVs na indústria, foi observado através de uma análise de casos de utilização que identificou oito áreas de aplicação promissoras. Outras estimativas relacionadas com o potencial de mercado de cada caso de utilização, com os custos de entrega, e com a complementaridade da perspetiva do consumidor, permitiram uma análise a partir de perspetivas diferentes. Embora se espere que tanto os drones como os robôs de entrega, tecnologicamente, atinjam a inteligência necessária, tornando-se opções seguras dentro de dez anos, o potencial dos drones é avaliado como sendo inferior nesta indústria devido à sua capacidade de carga útil limitada e à insuficiência de infraestruturas legais que inviabilizam uma implementação generalizada em áreas urbanas. Embora este estudo ilustre que os retalhistas não devem investir na sua frota de ADV, com as intenções estratégicas dos vendedores de ADV, de estabelecerem plataformas de mercado "a pedido", continua a existir elevadas formas de potencializar a redução dos custos dos retalhistas.
Books on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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María del Pilar Melara San Román. Análisis comparado de la legislación española sobre ventas promocionales. Madrid: Civitas, 2001.
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Spiers, Emily. The Pop-Feminist Subject. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820871.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 explores how pop-feminist accounts of subjectivity draw heavily upon poststructuralist understandings of identity as pluralistic and unstable. Many pop-feminists, however, retain the assumption that, underlying the playful performance of shifting identities, there remains a sovereign subject capable of mediating reflexively and autonomously over such performances. Spiers shows how this ‘sovereign’, yet ‘performative’ pop-feminist subject is profoundly linked to the ideal flexible, entrepreneurial self of neoliberalism. She then develops a counter model of subjectivity and agency based on an ethics of intersubjective relationality, reflecting on the role narrative plays within the theories of subjectification that seek to carve out a space for agency away from the binary of social determinism and prediscursive subjective sovereignty, a binary much pop-feminist non-fiction and life narrative ultimately reverts to. This underpins Spiers’s claim that the literary fiction discussed generates a more probing exploration of selfhood and agency than the pop-feminist non-fiction and life narrative.
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Drezner, Daniel W. Mercantilist and Realist Perspectives on the Global Political Economy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.260.
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Mercantilism and realism would appear to go hand in glove with each other. If realism represents both a systemic worldview and explanatory model for world politics, then mercantilism would appear to be the paradigm’s default foreign economic policy doctrine. And, to be sure, there are obvious and strong areas of overlap. Both paradigms stress the autonomous role of the state—and warn against capture by particularistic interests. Both also stress the conditioning effects of the distribution of power in defining national economic interests. Despite these constants, however, over time, the two approaches diverged more and more. Most modern-day writers who sympathize with mercantilism do so from perspectives ranging from left-leaning social democracy to more radical Gramscian critiques. Realists, on the other hand, have tended to gravitate towards the conservative, Burkean side of the political spectrum. While realists and mercantilists might agree on the role that power plays in the global economy, they do not necessarily agree on the normative implications of that insight. Paradoxically, as realism has acquired a more “scientific” cast, it has become less influential in international political economy (IPE) scholarship. For realism to maintain its relevancy in IPE, it must reacquire its deftness in incorporating nonstructural variables into its explanatory framework. The paradigm retains some useful predictive power for how systemic political variables affect global economic outcomes, but it is of little use in discussing the reverse causal effects.
Book chapters on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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Parikh, Harsh, Ishika Saijwal, Nisarg Panchal, and Ankit Sharma. "Autonomous Mobile Robot for Inventory Management in Retail Industry." In Futuristic Trends in Networks and Computing Technologies, 93–103. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5037-7_7.
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"Expectancy theory: a framework for analysing relationships between dependent yet autonomous channel members." In Retail and Marketing Channels (RLE Retailing and Distribution), 156–80. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203103654-19.
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Kattepur, Ajay. "Knowledge-Driven Autonomous Robotic Action Planning for Industry 4.0." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 149–71. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3375-8.ch011.
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Autonomous robots are being increasingly integrated into manufacturing, supply chain, and retail industries due to the twin advantages of improved throughput and adaptivity. In order to handle complex Industry 4.0 tasks, the autonomous robots require robust action plans that can self-adapt to runtime changes. A further requirement is efficient implementation of knowledge bases that may be queried during planning and execution. In this chapter, the authors propose RoboPlanner, a framework to generate action plans in autonomous robots. In RoboPlanner, they model the knowledge of world models, robotic capabilities, and task templates using knowledge property graphs and graph databases. Design time queries and robotic perception are used to enable intelligent action planning. At runtime, integrity constraints on world model observations are used to update knowledge bases. They demonstrate these solutions on autonomous picker robots deployed in Industry 4.0 warehouses.
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Shaikh, Salim. "Cognitive Integrated Business Planning." In Technology Optimization and Change Management for Successful Digital Supply Chains, 156–68. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7700-3.ch008.
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Supply chains of the 21st century are becoming exponentially more complex due to increased mergers and acquisitions, the omni-channel conflict, direct-to-consumer, rapid proliferation of product configurations, same-day delivery, the recall management problem, shrinking product lifecycles, and market volatility. Moreover, today's consumers are increasingly demanding a personalized, consistent, and seamless experience across retail, online, and mobile. To be able to serve this diverse spectrum of customers, products, markets, and channels and at the same time do so in a win-win profitable manner, organizations need a cognitive integrated business planning process, which has the ability to act with speed, agility, responsiveness, and flexibility, leveraging machine learning and artificial intelligence for predictive and prescriptive analytics, thereby enabling organizations to realign their plans quickly through an always-on, self-learning, and autonomous integrated business planning process.
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Zacharaki, Angeliki, and Ioannis Kostavelis. "Dependability Levels on Autonomous Systems." In Robotic Systems, 1377–90. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1754-3.ch066.
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Professional robots should be endorsed with great autonomy capabilities when designed for release into the market. The need for autonomy is further reinforced when robots are meant to be used for crisis management situations, where close collaboration with humans and trustworthy operation in hazardous environments is necessary. To this end, this article quantifies the system's autonomy by measuring its dependability. This is achieved by defining a qualitative metric system regarding the different levels of dependability that autonomous systems should retain in order to operate in various crisis situations. It provides a detailed analysis of each level of dependability and proposes the minimum requirements that should be fulfilled in each level, thus realizing a ranking system that outlines the overall system's ability to operate autonomously. The proposed analysis is applied on a real robotic prototype developed for crisis situations and evaluates the system's autonomy capabilities by qualitative assessing the levels of dependability it retains.
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Ripa, Tetiana. "UKRAINE’S INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS ON THE WORLD STAGE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In European vector of development of the modern scientific researches. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-077-3-34.
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In the current economic conditions and increased competition, the ability of an entity to attract investments, i.e., its investment attractiveness, becomes important. It largely depends on the stability of the external and internal environment, the efficiency of economic activity, the priority of tasks, etc. The needs of modern society are growing rapidly; therefore, it is necessary to carry out the economic development of the country at the same time. Assessing the development of the investment market is the basis for a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the investment attractiveness of economic entities. The investment market is the area of investment objects in all its forms, taking into account the conditions of investment activity at certain stages of economic development of an enterprise, the economy, the region, and the country as a whole. The article considers the main indicators that characterize the economic development of Ukraine. The subject of the study is the main indicators that characterize the investment attractiveness of the country. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the level of investment attractiveness of Ukraine during 2010-2020 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research is based on scientific methods, among which it is expedient to distinguish: analysis and synthesis, comparison, idealization and abstraction, as well as systematization and generalization – when formulating conclusions as a result of the study. As a result, the dynamics of the gross domestic product, the index of investment attractiveness are analyzed. The change in the number of business entities in Ukraine over the past decade has shown a negative trend. It is found out that the structural sector in Ukraine is wholesale and retail trade. The dynamics of the volume of retail trade turnover of Ukraine during 2010-2020 and the index of the physical volume of retail trade turnover of Ukraine are determined. The method of assessing the level of investment attractiveness of the country is considered. The importance of the ability to create new competitive advantages and keep the existing ones under the influence of various factors has been proved. Ukraine's ranking positions in comparison with other countries of the world in terms of gross domestic product, index of business conditions, index of economic freedom, index of global competitiveness, world competitiveness and world digital competitiveness are also determined. The investment environment during 2020 was negatively assessed by entrepreneurs and investors. It turned out that 78% of surveyed company executives consider the current investment climate unfavorable, only 12% consider Ukraine a profitable market for new investors. At the same time, among the negative factors influencing the investment climate, there was chosen a weak judiciary, high levels of corruption and the shadow economy. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of these indicators, negative trends were revealed due to the aggravation of economic crises, hostilities in the east, the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, destabilization of social and political life, COVID-19 pandemic. There is a deterioration of rating places on these indicators, which requires the immediate development of new regulations, the choice of a new strategy for attracting investment, as well as the effective use of levers of influence on the country's economy.
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Martin, Bridget. "The dead harming the living: Autonomy and agents." In Harmful Interaction between the Living and the Dead in Greek Tragedy, 143–84. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621501.003.0006.
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This chapter considers the extent to which the tragic dead are capable of harming the living by examining both the autonomous actions of the dead and the agentive relationships they form with the gods, the Erinyes and the living in pursuit of revenge in the world of the living. This chapter is constructed around case studies, the two most important being the agentive relationships between dead Agamemnon and his son Orestes in Aeschylus’ Choephori, and between dead Achilles and the Greek army in Euripides’ Hecuba. This chapter emphasises the active role of the dead in the pursuit of revenge and their ultimate inability to enact such revenge autonomously or to retain control over its unfolding in cases of agentive action.
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Wears, Robert L., and Kathleen M. Sutcliffe. "Rationalizing Healthcare." In Still Not Safe, 35–48. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190271268.003.0003.
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Healthcare changed dramatically during the 20th century; industrialization lead to contention for control over medical work and there was a shift from autonomous, professional control to managerial, hierarchical control, which included a strong belief in technical rationality. The rise of scientific-bureaucratic medicine combined ideas from Taylorism (i.e., the “one best way.” separation of planning from activity, and the rise of a managerial class) and a rationalizing turn in medicine (e.g., evidence-based medicine) to produce a hybrid group of clinician-managers, who can retain control of healthcare in health professionals’ hands. The quality improvement effort preceded the safety movement in health care by about a decade.
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Lozano, Rosina. "United by Land." In An American Language. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520297067.003.0002.
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After the U.S.-Mexican War (1846-1848), the newly created treaty citizens largely remained in the United States. Treaty citizens were tied to the land by occupation, and for the elite, by ownership of ranches and farms. Some chose to cross the border into Mexico in an attempt to retain their language and other cultural customs. Most treaty citizens resided in New Mexico where they remained the overwhelming majority of the settler community who precariously secured the territory for the United States over autonomous Indians. California’s treaty citizens, by contrast, encountered a swift attack on their land claims through the 1851 Gwin Act, which set up a system to verify Spanish and Mexican land grants. Treaty citizens’ use of the Spanish language often led to the loss of their land and disrespect from new Anglo settlers. The struggle to retain land in the U.S. Southwest facilitated elite treaty citizensinvestment into the territorial and state governments of the United States, which required concessions to their use of the Spanish language.
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Wynn-Evans, Charles. "The Transfer of an Undertaking." In The Law of TUPE Transfers, 42–101. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843517.003.0002.
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This chapter provides a detailed appraisal of the components of a transfer of an undertaking for the purposes of the Acquired Rights Directive and TUPE. How an undertaking and its transfer is identified is considered, including the relevance of the intention of the parties, the definition of a stable and autonomous economic entity, and the requirement that the undertaking retain its identity, which in turn leads to consideration of issues such as the temporary cessation of the relevant activities, changes to its operation, post-integration autonomy and the application of the legislation to specific works contracts. The distinction between asset-reliant activities and its impact on the application of the Directive to a given situation are considered in detail before the application of the legislation by way of a series of transactions, to ships and to share transactions, is addressed.
Conference papers on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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Ariwa, Ezendu, and Kishan Lukani. "Digital Stock Control Mechanism in Electronic Retail Companies in UK." In Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (ICAS'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conielecomp.2007.72.
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Chandlekar, Sanjay, Bala Suraj Pedasingu, Easwar Subramanian, Sanjay Bhat, Praveen Paruchuri, and Sujit Gujar. "VidyutVanika21: An Autonomous Intelligent Broker for Smart-grids." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/23.
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An autonomous broker that liaises between retail customers and power-generating companies (GenCos) is essential for the smart grid ecosystem. The efficiency brought in by such brokers to the smart grid setup can be studied through a well-developed simulation environment. In this paper, we describe the design of one such energy broker called VidyutVanika21 (VV21) and analyze its performance using a simulation platform called PowerTAC (PowerTrading Agent Competition). Specifically, we discuss the retail (VV21–RM) and wholesale market (VV21–WM) modules of VV21 that help the broker achieve high net profits in a competitive setup. Supported by game-theoretic analysis, the VV21–RM designs tariff contracts that a) maintain a balanced portfolio of different types of customers; b) sustain an appropriate level of market share, and c) introduce surcharges on customers to reduce energy usage during peak demand times. The VV21–WM aims to reduce the cost of procurement by following the supply curve of the GenCo to identify its lowest ask for a particular auction which is then used to generate suitable bids. We further demonstrate the efficacy of the retail and wholesale strategies of VV21 in PowerTAC 2021 finals and through several controlled experiments.
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Jadhav, Akash. "Multi-View Human Tracking and 3D Localization in Retail." In 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121214.
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In recent years, retail stores have seen traction in bringing online shopping experience to offline stores via autonomous checkouts. Autonomous checkouts is a computer vision-based technology that needs to understand three human elements within the store: who, where, and doing what. This paper addresses two of the three elements: who and where. It presents an approach to track and localize humans in a multi-view camera system. Traditional methods have limitations as they: (1) fail to overcome substantial occlusion of humans; (2) suffer a lengthy processing time; (3) require a planar homography constraint between camera frames; (4) suffer swapping of labels assigned to a human. The proposed method in this paper handles all the aforementioned limitations. The key idea is to use a hierarchical association model for tracking, which uses each human's clothing features, human pose orientation, and relative depth of joints, and runs at over 23fps.
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Yang, Yaodong, Jianye Hao, Mingyang Sun, Zan Wang, Changjie Fan, and Goran Strbac. "Recurrent Deep Multiagent Q-Learning for Autonomous Brokers in Smart Grid." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/79.
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The broker mechanism is widely applied to serve for interested parties to derive long-term policies in order to reduce costs or gain profits in smart grid. However, a broker is faced with a number of challenging problems such as balancing demand and supply from customers and competing with other coexisting brokers to maximize its profit. In this paper, we develop an effective pricing strategy for brokers in local electricity retail market based on recurrent deep multiagent reinforcement learning and sequential clustering. We use real household electricity consumption data to simulate the retail market for evaluating our strategy. The experiments demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed pricing strategy and highlight the effectiveness of our reward shaping mechanism.
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Maiolini, Jacopo, Luca Rossi, Rocco Pietrini, Adriano Mancini, Emanuele Frontoni, and Primo Zingaretti. "Prediction of users trajectories to mimic / avoid the customer behaviour during mapping tasks of an autonomous robot in retail environment." In 2022 18th IEEE/ASME International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications (MESA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mesa55290.2022.10004396.
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Roussel, Stéphanie, Xavier Pucel, Valentin Bouziat, and Louise Travé-Massuyès. "Model-Based Synthesis of Incremental and Correct Estimators for Discrete Event Systems." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/261.
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State tracking, i.e. estimating the state over time, is always an important problem in autonomous dynamic systems. Run-time requirements advocate for incremental estimation and memory limitations lead us to consider an estimation strategy that retains only one state out of the set of candidate estimates at each time step. This avoids the ambiguity of a high number of candidate estimates and allows the decision system to be fed with a clear input. However, this strategy may lead to dead-ends in the continuation of the execution. In this paper, we show that single-state trackability can be expressed in terms of the simulation relation between automata. This allows us to provide a complexity bound and a way to build estimators endowed with this property and, moreover, customizable along some correctness criteria. Our implementation relies on the Sat Modulo Theory solver MonoSAT and experiments show that our encoding scales up and applies to real world scenarios.
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Di Vece, Chiara, Brian Dromey, Francisco Vasconcelos, Anna L. David, Donald Peebles, and Danail Stoyanov. "Deep Learning-based Plane Pose Regression towards Training in Freehand Obstetric Ultrasound." In The Hamlyn Symposium on Medical Robotics: "MedTech Reimagined". The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London London, UK, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31256/hsmr2022.24.
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In obstetrics ultrasound (US) training, the learner’s ability to mentally build a three-dimensional (3D) map of the fetus from a two-dimensional (2D) US image represents a major challenge. Pre-defined anatomical planes, known as standard planes (SPs), retain a sig- nificant clinical relevance. Their correct acquisition re- quires extensive experience due to the complexity of SP definition, their high intra- and low inter-class variation. Previous work proposed automating the extraction of SPs from data acquired with a simplified protocol rather than assisting operators in acquiring typical freehand 2D SPs. These methods, based on traditional machine learn- ing (ML) approaches [1] or convolutional neural network (CNN) [2], are mostly confined to selection or classifi- cation of SPs. Automatic approaches for the localisation of planes in 3D volumes are based either on supervised learning (SL) [3] or reinforcement learning (RL) [4]. The first ones, even though effective, can mainly localize one single plane at a time or are tailored to just one organ. Also, they attempt to learn a mapping from high- dimensional volumetric data to low-dimensional abstract features directly, making the training difficult. In the second case, most of the available solutions employing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) are based on robotic navigation and are used at the point of care. To the best of our knowledge, there are no available training systems to guide the sonographers in freehand obstetric US. Currently, training in obstetric US is focused on SPs recognition. The autonomous probe navigation towards SPs remains a highly challenging task due to the need to interpret variable and complex images and their spatial relationship. Our work aims to develop a real-time training platform to guide inexperienced sonographers in acquiring proper obstetric US images that could be potentially deployed for existing US machines.
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Tavits, Gaabriel. "Protection of the Weaker Party – to Whom is Labour Law Still Applicable?" In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.33.
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National law is affected by a number of different international regulations and agreements. International agreements provide for rules aimed at harmonizing certain requirements and understandings that different countries should follow. In labour relations, international standards are set at two different levels – on the one hand, by the International Labour Organization (ILO), and on the other by regional standards – by the Council of Europe and the directives and regulations adopted by the European Union. All these international rules have important implications for national labour law. However, such international norms do not provide a clear personal scope – that is, it is not clearly defined to whom such international norms apply. Although the various international rules do not directly define the persons to whom those norms apply, – the implementation of international rules remains a matter for national law. Thus, the concept of both employee and employment relationship is shaped by national law. The exception here is the European Union, where the European Court of Justice has given an autonomous meaning to the concept of worker (particularly in the context of freedom of movement for workers). Although the concept of a worker and of an employment relationship has been developed by the Court of Justice of the European Union, Member States retain the right to define the employment relationship in accordance with the law in force in the respective Member State. The main factor in shaping employment relationships is the employee's dependence on the person providing the work, and the person providing the work also has an obligation to pay remuneration for the work performed. Although the scope of those rules is defined differently by different international rules, the characteristics generally applicable to the definition of an employee and the employment relationship are similar to those used in national law.
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Nogués Linares, Soledad, and Henar Salas Olmedo. "Modelos de crecimiento urbano: estrategias de planificación y sostenibilidad en Cantabria." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7576.
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El fenómeno de la dispersión urbana, ampliamente estudiado en las ciudades americanas, está modificando el modelo de ocupación del suelo también en las ciudades españolas. La construcción de vías de gran capacidad junto con el aumento de la motorización y las nuevas pautas de consumo han propiciado que ciudades tradicionalmente compactas hayan experimentado un crecimiento disperso, que a la larga resulta ser poco sostenible. Desde los primeros estudios sobre la problemática derivada del sprawl se han ido configurando argumentos a favor y en contra de las ciudades compactas. Más
recientemente se están considerando los sistemas policéntricos (decentralised concentration) como estructuras que potencialmente pueden reducir los inconvenientes del exceso de dispersión o de
concentración. Esta comunicación tiene dos objetivos básicos: por un lado, diseccionar, desde un punto de vista teórico, los problemas actuales derivados de la configuración de los sistemas urbanos; y por otro lado, analizar un caso concreto y proponer estrategias de planificación que optimicen el uso del suelo urbano. En primer lugar se analizan por separado las ventajas e inconvenientes de los sistemas urbanos
en los que, siendo híbridos de los tres modelos, domina una estructura dispersa, compacta o policéntrica.
Una vez establecido el marco descriptivo y de interacción de estos modelos, se estudia su aplicación a la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria, actualmente inmersa en el proceso de redacción del Plan de Ordenación Territorial. Esta aplicación consiste en un análisis comparativo de la jerarquía urbana de Cantabria elaborado a partir de servicios supramunicipales representativos y volumen de centros de trabajo de las entidades de población, y de las relaciones de dependencia entre municipios para acceder
al comercio y servicios. La comparación entre estos dos grupos de variables (capacidad real vs. funciones reales) se ha hecho a partir del índice de Nelson, y los resultados han servido para proponer los núcleos y relaciones que se deben potenciar en Cantabria con el objetivo de reequilibrar el sistema territorial y romper la progresiva tendencia de "litoralización" de la población y actividades.
Posteriormente, se definen los objetivos de distribución espacial a los que deben responder las estrategias de planificación para lograr una mayor sostenibilidad territorial. Evidentemente, estos objetivos
variarán en función del tipo de área de que se trate (con alto nivel de desarrollo, periférica, etc.), de la dimensión y escala del ámbito de estudio, y también de sus particularidades locales. Para fortalecer
determinados núcleos y relaciones de la red urbana de Cantabria, en la parte final de la comunicación se plantean medidas que, basadas en la situación actual, fomenten la integración de las políticas de transporte, de planificación urbanística y de ordenación del territorio, que deben basarse en la
coordinación y cooperación administrativa y de los agentes sociales, y en la definición de estrategias a medio y largo plazo. *** ENG: The urban sprawl phenomenon, which has been widely studied for American cities, is now also transforming the land use pattern of Spanish cities. Highway construction, together with an increase in the
motorization rate and a new lifestyle based on consumption, has favoured a dispersed growth surrounding most traditional compact cities, which in turn is proving not to be very sustainable. The rise of some
problems related to sprawl have led to several arguments in favour of and against the compact city. More recently, polycentric systems based on decentralised concentration have been suggested as structures
which may be able to reduce the disadvantages of both an excess of dispersion or concentration. This
paper has two main objectives: on the one hand, to dissect, from a theoretical point of view, the current problems associated with the configuration of urban systems; and on the other hand, to analyse a particular case study in order to propose planning strategies to optimize the use of urban land.
The first step is to analyse, separately, the pros and cons associated with areas in which, due to the hybrid nature of real case, there is the dominance of a dispersed, compact, or polycentric structure.
Once the descriptive and interactive framework has been established, the next step is to implement one of these models into a real case. In this paper, a section is dedicated to studying the case of the Autonomous Region of Cantabria (Spain), which is currently developing its own Spatial Planning Programme. The implementation consists of a comparative analysis of the urban hierarchy of Cantabria comparing data of selected services (for the hinterland beyond the municipal area) and the number of work centres with service and retail dependency relationships between municipalities. The comparison between these two groups of variables (real capacity versus real functions) has been carried out using the Nelson index. The results provide a selection of nodes and relationships that should be encouraged in order to achieve
improved spatial balance, so as to break the progressive trend of population and activity concentration.
The next step to choose the appropriate spatial pattern objectives to be implemented by planning strategies in order to achieve improved spatial sustainability. This objective obviously depends on the type
of area (central and well-developed, peripheral, and so forth), on the dimension and scale of the study area, and also on some local particularities.
A final section deals with some suggestions for strengthening a choice of settlements and relationships in order to improve the urban system of Cantabria. These measures, which take into account the current
regional situation, are based on the integration of transport, land use and spatial planning policies, and which indicate the requirement of further co-operation not only between different public administrations but also between these and the social and economic agents, and the need for clearly defined mid- and longterm strategies.
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Bacon, Robert, Stewart MacKinnon, and Egil Abrahamsen. "Drilling Control System Automation to Control Axial Velocity Optimises Tripping and Drilling Performance." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209712-ms.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to document an ongoing project to optimize the drill-string tripping and casing running speeds, with the view to tripping as efficiently and quickly as the rig limitations allow, but doing so in a safe manner that prevents nonproductive time, both visible and invisible, and retains at all times the wells integrity and allows safe operations. There are many factors that contribute to nonproductive time, these include but are by no means limited to Lost circulation, formation influx, pack-offs and other stuck pipe events which cause delays, problems, lost time, and generally increase risk, and cost of the well, during drilling operations. Such situations can, sometimes, escalate into serious problems that may result in expensive and undesirable technical sidetracks. Couple this with ever more complex wells, (whether they be long horizontal sections, multi-laterals, etc.), drilled in ever smaller and more challenging reservoirs, such as those which are depleted, or at high pressure and or high temperature. Modelling software offers forward-looking simulations that can be used to predict drilling problems and assess the likely effects of remedial options. During real-time monitoring, advanced monitoring and trend analysis software can use downhole conditions and mud properties to forecast hole cleaning, equivalent circulating density (Estimated Circulating Density (ECD)), and temperature changes for the next depth/time interval, based on three tightly coupled real-time dynamic models - hydraulic, mechanical and thermodynamic - that simulate wellbore condition and characterize improvement or deterioration during drilling. These models continuously assess drilling performance, borehole conditions, and associated risks based on real-time symptom detection. The solution and concept presented in this paper showcases a modelling approach which allows all of these situations to be accurately modelled in a transient setting, and then also compared and back modelled using all the available real time high frequency data. This coupled with an automated drilling control system has resulted in safe, record-breaking drilling achievements in the North Sea. The models allow updated safeguards to be applied to the drilling control system to maintain a downhole pressure within the acceptable limits of the open hole formations. It also automatically stops the movement of the drill string in case of abnormal hook loads or surface torques. Since automatic actions can be triggered in case of an unexpected situation, some standard procedures have been fully automated, including friction tests and back-reaming. In prior papers and technologies, the peak surge seen when pipe is first moved and gels are ‘broken’ has been used as the limit for safe tripping, however that precluded further optimization that exists once gels are broken and pipe and fluid is in motion. This optimization process will be discussed in detail in this paper. This ‘dual speed’ optimization approach can be achieved by a more advanced use of mud gel-break and rheology data and a new auto sequence for stepwise axial velocity control. This paper details a project which is a step in targeting an autonomous and optimized drilling process.
Reports on the topic "Autonomous Retail"
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Bo, Marta, Laura Bruun, and Vincent Boulanin. Retaining Human Responsibility in the Development and Use of Autonomous Weapon Systems: On Accountability for Violations of International Humanitarian Law Involving AWS. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/ahbc1664.
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It is undisputed that humans must retain responsibility for the development and use of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) because machines cannot be held accountable for violations of international humanitarian law (IHL). However, the critical question of how, in practice, humans would be held responsible for IHL violations involving AWS has not featured strongly in the policy debate on AWS. This report aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of that very question. This report explores how the two central frameworks structuring the ascription of responsibility for IHL violations—namely the rules governing state responsibility and individual criminal responsibility—apply to the development and use of AWS. The report aims to help policymakers (a) deepen their understanding of the conditions necessary to hold states and individuals accountable for IHL violations; (b) identify issues that would make IHL violations involving AWS development and use potentially difficult to discern, scrutinize and attribute; and (c) formulate policy measures that could help uphold respect for IHL and reduce challenges to holding actors legally responsible.