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Knitted steel fiber fabrics are used in the fabrication of automotive windshields. To obtain the complex window shapes, the leading technology to produce automotive glass is compression molding at high temperatures. Direct contact between the mold and the glass during the forming process would lead to inadmissible defects and optical distortion of the automotive glass. To ensure the quality of the glass, a soft heat resisting separating layer is used. Knitted steel fiber fabrics are draped over the mould prior to production, shown in Fig. 1, and thus the fabric comes in direct contact with the glass playing a primary role in the quality of the formed windshield.
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Min, Yan, and Pang Kun. "Dynamic Analysis of Head-Form Test on Actual Automotive Windscreen." Key Engineering Materials 768 (April 2018): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.768.251.
The head-form test on actual automotive windscreen with the analytic method of explicit dynamics is researched in this paper. Based on the experiment specification, the geometric models of head-form weight and laminated glass for actual automotive windscreen are built, and the loading conditions of the head-form test are also acquired. According to the analysis results, the process of crack initiation & propagation and the failure mechanism in laminated glass are studied, which is of great significance for the evaluation on laminated glass for actual automotive windscreen.
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Munhoz, Antonio H., Sonia Braunstein Faldini, Leila F. de Miranda, Terezinha Jocelen Masson, Claudio Yuji Maeda, and Alexandre R. Zandonadi. "Recycling of Automotive Laminated Waste Glass in Ceramic." Materials Science Forum 798-799 (June 2014): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.798-799.588.
Reducing the environmental impact is an important factor for the sustainability of environment. This paper discusses the characterization of white ceramic bodies with an industrial waste produced in the automotive industry. The use of laminated glass residue as a raw material of a ceramic body was endeavor to make a positive impact on the environment. The laminated safety glass was ground to promote separation of glass from poly (vinilbutiral). Then, the powdered glass was used as starting material in the ceramic mass and PVB was used to confer plasticity to the ceramic mass. The fired ceramic body was analyzed using thermal analysis (DTA and TG). The specimens were tested to obtain the flexural resistance and water absorption. The data shows that PVB addition improved mechanical properties and that the grinded glass powder reduced the water absorption and increased the mechanical strength of ceramic bodies after firing.
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Li, Jianwei. "Thermomechanical constitutive equations for glass and numerical simulation on automobile glass forming technology." Glass Technology: European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part A 63, no. 4 (2022): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13036/17533546.63.4.006.
To establish a comprehensive numerical model for automotive glass forming, firstly, this paper conducts material tests of 3·2 SG glass to obtain detailed material properties. Through thermal expansion experiments, the thermal expansion coefficients including glassy and liquid states are obtained; then by using three-point bending stress relaxation and differential scanning calorimetry experiments, the stress relaxation and structural relaxation properties of the glass are obtained. Finally, a comparison analysis of the simulation and the actual spherical deviation for an actual automobile glass product is carried out. The result shows that the product simulation and the actual product spherical deviation correspond. The maximum value of the spherical deviation is within 0·94 mm between simulation and the actual product spherical deviation. The accuracy can meet the design requirements, and the established numerical model is reliable.
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Cameron, R., and R. C. Constable. "The Use of Chemical Coupling Agents in Glass Reinforced Polyolefins." Engineering Plastics 1, no. 1 (January 1993): 147823919300100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919300100106.
European demand for glass filled reinforced polyolefins continues to show significant growth rates. The main drive behind this is material replacement within the automotive and household appliance markets. In particular the automotive industry is turning towards glass filled polypropylene components both to reduce weight and increase recyclability. One route by which the performance of glass filled composites can be improved is by incorporating chemical coupling agents. In this paper the property enhancement achievable with POLYBOND 3002, supplied by BP Chemicals, is described. In addition development work with glass filled polymer alloys is presented.
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Cameron, R., and R. C. Constable. "The Use of Chemical Coupling Agents in Glass Reinforced Polyolefins." Polymers and Polymer Composites 1, no. 1 (January 1993): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119300100106.
European demand for glass filled reinforced polyolefins continues to show significant growth rates. The main drive behind this is material replacement within the automotive and household appliance markets. In particular the automotive industry is turning towards glass filled polypropylene components both to reduce weight and increase recyclability. One route by which the performance of glass filled composites can be improved is by incorporating chemical coupling agents. In this paper the property enhancement achievable with POLYBOND 3002, supplied by BP Chemicals, is described. In addition development work with glass filled polymer alloys is presented.
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Hemati, Sepideh, Smitirupa Biswal, Farshid Pahlevani, Sanjith Udayakumar, and Veena Sahajwalla. "Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach." Crystals 13, no. 8 (July 29, 2023): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081183.
Generally, fossil carbon materials (coal, coke/char, and petroleum coke), biological carbon materials (charcoal, woodchips), and quartz from the earth’s crust are sources of carbon and silica to synthesise silicon carbide (SiC) at temperatures between 2000 and 2200 °C. The study investigated the isothermal and non-isothermal kinetics of synthesising SiC from automotive shredder residues (ASR) and windshield glass of end-of-life-vehicle (ELVs) at 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C for 30 min. The kinetics of ASR and waste glass degradation were studied by relating the thermogravimetric data via the Coats–Redfern model. The reaction mechanism includes the rapid formation of a gaseous SiO intermediate, and carbon reduction of the SiO to SiC is reaction-rate-controlling. The understanding of kinetics inferred that the optimisation of SiC formation is entirely associated with the conversion of SiO2 to SiO vapour and their reaction with CO and carbon particles. The kinetic parameters of the degradation of mixed ASR and waste glass were determined, and the activation energy of mixed ASR and glass for non-isothermal conditions are 22.48 kJ mol−1, 2.97 kJ mol−1, and 6.5 kJ mol−1, and for the isothermal study to produce SiC is 225.9 kJ mol−1, respectively. The results confirmed that this facile way of synthesising SiC would conserve about 50% of chemical energy compared to the traditional way of producing SiC. A beneficial route of transforming the heterogenous ASR and glass wastes into SiC with economic and environmental benefits is recognised.
: In the recent years, automakers have been striving to improve the carbon footprint of their vehicles. Sustainable composites, consisting of natural fibers, and/or recycled polymers have been developed as a way to increase the “green content” and reduce the weight of a vehicle. In addition, recent studies have found that the introduction of synthetic fibers to a traditional fiber composite such as glass filled plastics, producing a composite with multiple fillers (hybrid fibers), can result in superior mechanical properties. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of hybrid fibers on characterization and material properties of polyamide-6 (PA6)/polypropylene (PP) blends. Cellulose and glass fibers were used as fillers and the mechanical, water absorption, and morphological properties of composites were evaluated. The addition of hybrid fibers increased the stiffness (tensile and flexural modulus) of the composites. Glass fibers reduced composite water absorption while the addition of cellulose fibers resulted in higher composite stiffness. The mechanical properties of glass and cellulose filled PA6/PP composites were optimized at loading levels of 15 wt% glass and 10 wt% cellulose, respectively.
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Jia, Wentao, Jiaxin Liu, Yaohong Wang, Guanpeng Yao, Xiaofang Gao, Xuezhou Fang, Xiaoyong Kou, and Guangyi Xu. "Study on the effect of annealing rate on the impact resistance of the H-ZLaF50 vehicle plate glass." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2720, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2720/1/012033.
Abstract The H-ZLaF50 glass has attracted much attention in the field of automotive glass applications due to its excellent mechanical properties. The effect of the annealing rate on the impact resistance of the H-ZLaF50 glass was studied. High-precision infrared stress meter was used to test the stress distribution of glass under different annealing rates and the influence of annealing rate on the stress distribution was found. Secondly, the impact resistance of the H-ZLaF50 glass samples was evaluated by the test method of electric falling ball impact resistance. The maximum impact energy of the H-ZLaF50 glass samples was 0.120 J. The results show that, compared with other annealing rates, the annealing rate of 1°C/min effectively improves the impact resistance of the H-ZLaF50 glass, which makes it more widely used in the automotive flat glass market.
The purpose of this thesis work was to carry out initial studies on Scania’s possibility to have plastic rearview mirror glasses as that for example may reduce costs and problems for Scania’s customers and enable another design of the mirror assembly. It was performed by studying the legislative and Scania demands regarding rearview mirrors to write a test program, find and order plastic mirrors, and then perform the tests and evaluate the mirrors to see if they seem good enough for Scania’s trucks. A Scania technical regulation for rearview mirror glass was also written. The tested mirrors were a Scania glass mirror as reference, a PC mirror from Sabic, a PC and a PMMA mirror from Specchidea, a mirror from SMR automotive, an ABS mirror from Ficocipa/Renault, an ABS mirror from Ford and a PC plastic from Bayer and they were tested for scratch resistance, temperature variations, impact resistance, corrosion and chemical resistance in that order. If a sample did not pass a certain test, it was not subjected to the next one. Of all samples it was only the SMR mirror and the reference glass mirror that passed the first test (scratch resistance). The others became too scratched and were not tested further. The SMR and the glass mirror also withstood all the following tests very good, the SMR mirror was the best one of the tested mirrors. Probably the SMR mirror was the best one because many of the other mirrors did not seem to have been made for outdoor conditions and because it seemed to be the most modern mirror with a good abrasion resistant coating. It was concluded that there is a future for plastic mirror glasses, that it would be interesting to do more tests on the mirrors, for example a UV test and a distortion test, and to test more mirrors as a new generation of plastic mirror glass seem to be underway. It would also be interesting to know how much cheaper and lighter the whole mirror assembly can become by changing to plastic mirror glass, which weighs 68% less than a glass mirror.
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McGrath, PJ, DG Hattingh, and MN James. "Correlation between Fatigae of Automotive Wheel Centre - Discs and Hour-glass Laboratory Specimen." R & D Journal, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000876.
Fatigue testing of complete automotive wheels is
carried out on rotary bendmachines. These commercial
mac hin e s s imulnt e h ar d - c o rn e rin g c o n ditio n s an d
mainly testthefatigue performance of the central
section of an automotive wheel' . This paper develops a
relationship for predicting the fatigue performance of
the wheel,based onfatigue tests of hourglass specimens
machinedfrom centre discs. This is more economical of
material and, in principle, also allows the effect on
fatigue performance of change inproduction
parameters or starting alloy to be assess ed, by
c o n sid e rin g a limit e d numb e r of w h e e I blanks take n
from each stage of the production process. This is
p ote ntially a v ery u s eful to ol in optimisin g mat e rial
selection, wheel design and production parameters. The
p arti c ular c e ntr e - dis c un d e r c o n s id e r atio n i s
manufactured from a dual-phas e ste eI (DP S)2 . Good
c o rr elatio n w as achie v e d b e tw e e n S - lr.' data fr o m th e
automotiv e w he els qnd that from the ho urglas s (H G)
specimens.
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Palmer, James Alexander Thomas. "Mechanical recycling of automotive composites for use as reinforcement in thermoset composites." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/72313.
The aim of this research was to investigate the potential use of recycled glass fibre composite materials as a replacement for virgin reinforcing materials in new thermoset composites. Specifically the closed-loop mechanical recycling of composites used heavily in the automotive sector known as dough and sheet moulding composites, DMC and SMC respectively, are investigated. The recycling of glass reinforced thermoset polymer composite materials has been an area of investigation for many years and composites used in the automotive industry are of particular interest due to legislative and social pressures on the industry. The mechanical recycling process and then collection of useful fibrous grades of recycled materials, recyclate, by a novel air separation technique were investigated first. The properties of these recyclate fibres were characterised and compared directly with the properties of virgin glass fibres they were to be used to replace. Single fibre tensile tests were employed to compare the strengths of the fibres and single fibre pull-out tests were used to investigate the strength of the interface between the fibres and a polyester matrix. These tests showed the recyclate fibres to be weaker and have a poorer interface with the polyester matrix than the virgin glass fibres. Understanding the properties of the recyclate materials meant their reformulation into new composites could be carefully considered for the production of new high performance materials. Two grades of the collected recyclate materials were then reformulated in to new DMC and SMC composites, replacing percentages of the virgin glass fibre reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the resulting manufactured composites were characterised throughout for direct comparison against one another and an unmodified control material, using both three-point flexural tests and Charpy impact tests. Through the modification of existing manufacturing techniques and the development of novel production equipment it has been possible to successfully manufacture both DMC and SMC composites with the recyclate materials used to replace virgin glass fibres. Virgin glass fibres have successfully been replaced by recyclate materials without disrupting standard production techniques and with minimal reduction of the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. As the loadings of recyclate materials used were greatly increased both the flexural and impact strengths were significantly degraded and it was found that chemical modification of the composite could be used to improve these formulations. It has been shown that the recyclate materials should be considered and treated as a distinct reinforcing ingredient, separately from the remaining virgin glass fibres.
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Wilson, Martin J. "Finite element analysis of glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites for structural automotive components." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11773/.
This thesis describes the investigation and development of damage modelling techniques for woven long glass fibre reinforced polypropylene matrix composites. The objective of the work was to develop and validate predictive models for the intralaminar damage behaviour of these materials, with the aim of applying the results to an industrial demonstrator component. Two damage modelling methods were investigated. The first, based on ply-level failure criteria and implemented in an implicit finite element code, was developed and validated using a range of coupon tests for a balanced weave 60% weight fraction commingled glass/polypropylene composite. The second method utilised a model previously implemented in the commercial explicit finite element code, PAMCRASH. This model was calibrated and validated using the same coupon tests as the first model. The models were subsequently used to simulate an industrial demonstrator component, during a two-phase design and development programme. The demonstrator, an automotive side intrusion beam, was designed and predictively modelled using the two damage modelling techniques investigated. Finally, the composite component was compared to a steel side intrusion beam, using a quasi-static vehicle test to a current legislative standard. This test showed comparable performance in terms of strength and stiffness for the two beams. It was concluded that the implicit finite element damage modelling technique can account for the damage and failure modes observed in a woven glass fibre reinforced polypropylene composite, but is limited when considering high levels of material nonlinearity and damage development, due to the stability of the implicit finite element method. It was also concluded that the explicit finite element technique was more suited to the simulation of damage development in thermoplastic matrix composite components, although the research showed that the model investigated was limited when considering shear damaging behaviour in a woven fibre reinforced composite.
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Suresh, Saurabh. "Transmission Loss Analysis of Laminated Glass with Porous Layers using Transfer Matrices for Automotive Applications." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1305893843.
Gnanasekar, Vignesh Kumar. "Evaluation of Thermal Stress in Carbon/Glass Hybrid and Glass Nanocomposite under Resistive Heating." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1450037103.
Bosch, Tanya. "Development of a degreasing and anti-fogging formulation for wet wipe application for automotive glass surfaces." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013177.
It was the objective of this project to provide a glass cleaner formulation for a wet wipe application with cleaning and anti-fogging properties. This glass cleaner formulation was developed for automotive glass i.e. interior of windscreens. This formulation relates to a glass cleaner with a composition comprising of: (a) a blend of amphoteric surfactants; (b) a solvent system with a combination of glycol ethers; and (c) an aqueous solvent system. This glass formulation must provide good cleaning properties while also providing good wetting and sheeting properties to assist with anti-fogging properties. The objectives were obtained using 2 specific approaches: The first was by using a blend of 2 amphoteric surfactants in an alkaline medium, allowing the glass surface to become more hydrophilic which will also assist with reduction of surface tension on the glass surface. The second was by using the glycol ethers that have good coupling properties and surface tension reducing properties. The formulation was evaluated using commercial standard test methods as per the industry. A predictive model was successfully obtained for each of the five criteria that were evaluated using the 25 formulations derived from the statistical design. There were variables and variable interactions that were antagonistic for some of the criteria which were found to be synergistic for others. To achieve satisfactory cleaning, the fogging rating had to be compromised.
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Javorsky, Joseph Frank. "Observing the Main Effects of Automotive Primers when Bonding to Polyvinylchloride." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1353011316.
Ben, Toumi Rim. "Endommagement par fatigue et durée de vie de structures en matériaux composites à fibres continues pour application liaison au sol." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0064.
L'allègement des véhicules est un enjeu majeur de l'industrie automobile pour participer, avec l'évolution des motorisations, à la maîtrise des consommations énergétiques et la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à l'introduction des matériaux composites dans les pièces de structure et particulièrement dans le périmètre de la liaison au sol composé d'organes de sécurité active, sujets au phénomène de fatigue multi axiale à grand nombre de cycles.Les matériaux composites présentent une solution séduisante en raison de leurs propriétés mécaniques intéressantes combinées à une faible densité. Toutefois, la fatigue des matériaux composites reste un sujet complexe relativement peu abordé. C'est dans ce cadre que s'inscrit cette thèse qui vise à mettre en place une méthodologie de dimensionnement des composants automobiles de structure, à partir d'un composite tissé verre/époxy. Cette méthodologie s'attache à être facile d'utilisation et adaptable au calcul de structure pour être applicable en Bureau d'Études. La première étape de cette étude est la caractérisation de la tenue en service du matériau sous chargements monotones et cycliques et l'identification des cinétiques d'endommagement. Au vu des résultats expérimentaux obtenus et à partir des approches de dimensionnement existantes, un critère de fatigue multi axiale est proposé. Ensuite, une optimisation du protocole d'identification des paramètres est effectuée afin de réduire au minimum le volume des campagnes d'essais. Enfin, le critère mis en place pour évaluer la durée de vie en fatigue du matériau composite tissé est validé sur des éprouvettes trouées et sur le train avant à lame composite The reduction of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important challenges facing the automotive industry. An efficient strategy to meet these targets is by reducing the weight of vehicle. In this work, we are interested in introducing composite materials in automotive structural parts and especially in suspensions which are subjected in service to high-cycle fatigue loadings. Therefore, a good prediction of fatigue life is required. As continuous fibre-reinforced composites provide good mechanical properties combined with a low density, they have been increasingly used in many lightweight structures. However, the fatigue behaviour of composites has not been widely investigated. This work aims at developing an approach to predict the lifetime in service of structural automotive components, made with woven glass / epoxy composite. This approach has to be easy to use by design engineers at the scale of the structure. The first step is the characterization of the material. Then, the processes involved in degradation of the composite subjected to both monotonic and cyclic loadings were identified.Given the experimental results and the existing approaches, a multiaxial fatigue criterion is proposed. An optimization of the identification protocol is also performed to reduce the quantity of needed experimental data. Finally, the fatigue life prediction model criterion is validated by tests on notched coupons and on composite vehicle's suspension
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Nicholls, Cherry A. "Visual and instrumental characterisation of special effect colours." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369072.
Aird, Forbes. Fiberglass & composite materials: An enthusiast's guide to high performance non-metallic materials for automotive racing and marine use. New York: HP Books, 1996.
Brokmann, Christopher. A Model for the Stochastic Fracture Behavior of Glass and Its Application to the Head Impact on Automotive Windscreens. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36788-6.
Zhongguo qi che gong cheng xue hui. Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress: Volume 11: Advanced Vehicle Manufacturing Technology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.
Weiner, G. G. Unique Lalique Mascots: The Automotive Radiator Hood & Desk Ornaments of Master Glass Artisan R. Lalique . Grosvenor House Publishing Limited, 2020.
Appell, Y. "Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic in the Automotive Industry." In Glass … Current Issues, 592. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5107-5_48.
Cleary, Thomas M., and R. Terry Nichols. "Adhesive Induced Fracture of Automotive Glass." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 369–80. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118144152.ch29.
Alsarayefi, Saad, and Károly Jálics. "Micromechanical Analysis of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Lamina." In Vehicle and Automotive Engineering 3, 101–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9529-5_9.
Zhang, J., K. Chaisombat, S. He, and C. H. Wang. "Glass/Carbon Fibre Hybrid Composite Laminates for Structural Applications in Automotive Vehicles." In Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2012, 69–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24145-1_10.
Smallwood, John, and Claire Deacon. "Ergonomics in Automotive Glass Manufacturing: Workers’ Perceptions of Strain." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 377–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20142-5_38.
Farzana, Rifat, and Veena Sahajwalla. "Recycling Automotive Waste Glass and Plastic — an Innovative Approach." In Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, 2267–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9_282.
Xu, Jun, and Yibing Li. "Mechanical Behavior and Constitutive Modeling of Laminated Glass." In Impact Behavior and Pedestrian Protection of Automotive Laminated Windshield, 39–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2441-3_3.
Xu, Jun, and Yibing Li. "Crack Initiation and Propagation in Laminated Glass upon Impact." In Impact Behavior and Pedestrian Protection of Automotive Laminated Windshield, 75–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2441-3_4.
Saitou, Yuki, Kenichi Shibata, Shinsuke Ikishima, and Hanna Kushioka. "Newly Developed Automotive Glass Protection Film." In SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0750.
Fritsch, Reinhold. "Automotive Insulating Glass - Improvements in Comfort." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/910546.
Geyer, Ulf, Ansgar Hellwig, and Marc C. Hübner. "SUPRAX glass optics for automotive application." In Polymer Optics and Molded Glass Optics: Design, Fabrication, and Materials 2022, edited by Alan Symmons and Nelson E. Claytor. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2633277.
Ebrahimi, Babak, Amir Khajepour, and Todd Deaville. "Automotive Glass Exciter Technology for Acoustic Application." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34526.
This paper discusses the modeling and analysis of a novel audio subwoofer system for automotive applications using the automobile windshield glass. The use of a piezo-electric actuator coupled with a mechanical amplifier linked to a large glass panel provides a highly efficient method of producing sound. The proposed subwoofer system has the advantage over existing conventional systems of not only reducing the weight of the automobile, but also a significant power savings resulting in an increase of expected fuel economy. Among various design challenges, the glass-sealing design is of huge importance, as it affects the system dynamic response and so the output sound characteristics. The main goal in this manuscript is to evaluate different glass-sealing design configurations by providing a comprehensive Finite Element model of the system. To do so, a comprehensive, yet simplified FE model is developed, and experimental studies are performed in the component level to fine-tune and verify the model. Harmonic response of the system for each sealing configuration design is obtained in the frequency range of 0–200 Hz, and the results are compared and discussed. The finite element model is also beneficial in preliminary design of other components as well as the exciter placement, and predicting the performance of the overall system.
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Lange, Wendy, John Caron, and J. D. Snyder. "Automotive Glass Collection and Recycling Pilot Study." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0672.
Kubo, K., S. Touma, M. Kanazaki, and David Ross. "Chip-on-Glass LCD for Automotive Application." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860348.
Jones, Nicholas, David Harrison, Joseph Chiodo, and Eric Billett. "Design for Automotive Glass Removal Using Active Disassembly." In International Body Engineering Conference & Exhibition and Automotive & Transportation Technology Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2246.
Olosky, M. L., and M. J. Watson. "Silicone Film Adhesives: Bonding Automotive Fixtures to Glass." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/931013.
Lu, Jun, James R. Moran, and Robert A. Esposito. "Enhanced Protective Glass for Higher Security Automotive Glazing." In International Body Engineering Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2695.
Battiste, R. L., J. M. Corum, W. Ren, and M. B. Ruggles. Durability-Based Design Criteria for a Chopped-Glass-Fiber Automotive Structural Composite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14879.
Ren, W. Time-Dependent Deformation Modelling for a Chopped-Glass Fiber Composite for Automotive Durability Design Criteria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/788361.
Ren, W. Investigation on Stress-Rupture Behavior of a Chopped-Glass-Fiber Composite for Automotive Durability Design Criteria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/788350.
Simunovic, S., and T. Zacharia. Application of high performance computing to automotive design and manufacturing: Composite materials modeling task technical manual for constitutive models for glass fiber-polymer matrix composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10115294.
