Relevant bibliographies by topics / Automotive crashworthiness

Academic literature on the topic 'Automotive crashworthiness'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

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Wang, Hong Lei, Dong Xiang, Li Feng Jiang, Guang Hong Duan, and Hong Chao Zhang. "Improvement of Vehicle Crashworthiness for Full Frontal Impact Based on Energy Flow Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1365.

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Vehicle crashworthiness is one of the most important indicators to assess the automotive performance, which is directly related with passenger’s life and safety. Therefore, more attention has been paid to improve the automotive passive safety. This paper presents the analysis method based on energy flow analysis to solve the automotive crashworthiness problem. The energy transfer model is built based on the constraints analysis for product performance and the rational energy flow element partition. According to the energy transfer model, the energy absorption of each component can be attained from the finite element crash simulation result and also the energy distribution relationship can be analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the full front impact crashworthiness of a car is improved by modifying the energy flow path and distribution. It also demonstrates that the method is effective to solve the automotive crashworthiness problem.
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Jacob, George C., John F. Fellers, J. Michael Starbuck, and Srdan Simunovic. "Crashworthiness of automotive composite material systems." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 92, no. 5 (2004): 3218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.20336.

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Ryou, Han Sun, Myoung Gyu Lee, Chong Min Kim, and Kwan Soo Chung. "Numerical Evaluation of Crashworthiness of Automotive Sheets." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 1537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.1537.

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Crash simulations were performed for automotive sheets. To understand the influence of crystal structures in sheet materials on crashworthiness, the effect of the yield function shape was studied by adopting the recently developed non-quadratic anisotropic yield surface, Yld2004-18p. The effect of the back-stress was also investigated by comparing simulation results obtained for the isotropic, kinematic and combined isotropic-kinematic hardening laws based on the modified Chaboche model. In addition, the effects of anisotropy and sheet thickness on crashworthiness were evaluated.
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BAE, GIHYUN, HOON HUH, and SUNGHO PARK. "REGRESSION MODEL FOR LIGHT WEIGHT AND CRASHWORTHINESS ENHANCEMENT DESIGN OF AUTOMOTIVE PARTS IN FRONTAL CAR CRASH." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5584–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208050851.

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This paper deals with a regression model for light weight and crashworthiness enhancement design of automotive parts in frontal car crash. The ULSAB-AVC model is employed for the crash analysis and effective parts are selected based on the amount of energy absorption during the crash behavior. Finite element analyses are carried out for designated design cases in order to investigate the crashworthiness and weight according to the material and thickness of main energy absorption parts. Based on simulations results, a regression analysis is performed to construct a regression model utilized for light weight and crashworthiness enhancement design of automotive parts. An example for weight reduction of main energy absorption parts demonstrates the validity of a regression model constructed.
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Zhang, Yong, Ning He, and Yubo Hou. "Crashworthiness Optimization of a Vertex Fractal Hexagonal Structure." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 07 (May 30, 2019): 1950031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876219500312.

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Thin-walled structures are used in automotive industry due to their excellent lightweight and crashworthiness properties. This paper proposes a vertex fractal multi-cell hexagonal structure to develop a novel lightweight energy absorber. Experimental analysis and numerical modeling are performed to investigate the crashworthiness of the fractal multi-cell hexagonal structures. The numerical results indicate that fractal configurations and geometrical parameters of the fractal hexagonal structure have significant effect on the crashworthiness. In addition, the multi-objective design optimization is performed to seek the optimal crashworthiness parameters and explore the optimal crashworthiness of the fractal hexagonal structure. The results show that the fractal multi-cell hexagonal structure outperforms non-fractal hexagonal structure.
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Ghasemnejad, H., H. Hadavinia, and G. Simpson. "Crashworthiness Optimization of Crash Box in Automotive Structure." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.661.

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In this paper the energy absorption of thin-walled aluminium tubes used as crash boxes in the body structure of a vehicle has been optimized. In order to achieve this, various cross-sections of extruded aluminium were chosen and their behaviour under dynamic impact loading was investigated. The crash boxes were made from aluminium alloy 6060 temper T4. Finite element software LS-DYNA in ANSYS was used for modelling. For each cross-section, the results of dynamic crushing load versus crushing distance was obtained from the FE simulation and the results were compared with the experimental and numerical work on a square crash box in the literature. Parameters such as the crush force efficiency and the specific energy of various crash boxes were compared with the relevant ones for the square crash box and the most efficient crash box was recommended.
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Safari, Hamid, Hassan Nahvi, and Mohsen Esfahanian. "Improving automotive crashworthiness using advanced high strength steels." International Journal of Crashworthiness 23, no. 6 (October 19, 2017): 645–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13588265.2017.1389624.

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Yamaguchi, Keiji, Kazuhiro Izui, Shinji Nichiwaki, and Hirotaka Shiozaki. "2210 Crashworthiness Evaluation Method for Automotive Conceptual Design." Proceedings of Design & Systems Conference 2010.20 (2010): _2210–1_—_2210–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedsd.2010.20._2210-1_.

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Chung, K. "Parametric Study on Crashworthiness of Automotive Sheet Alloy." Metals and Materials International 14, no. 1 (February 26, 2008): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/met.mat.2008.02.021.

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Jacob, George C., John F. Fellers, Srdan Simunovic, and J. Michael Starbuck. "Energy Absorption in Polymer Composites for Automotive Crashworthiness." Journal of Composite Materials 36, no. 7 (April 2002): 813–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998302036007164.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

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Heyerman, Jeffrey Bernard. "On the crashworthiness of foam-filled ultralight automotive structures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/MQ54110.pdf.

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Hunkeler, Stephan. "Topology optimisation in crashworthiness design via hybrid cellular automata for thin walled structures." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8295.

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Crashworthiness design is one of the most critical areas of automotive design. It is really demanding for the structure and can therefore have a large influence on the final design. It is also difficult to model accurately and costly to simulate which has an important impact on the design process. Most car companies have now stopped addressing crashworthiness design with trial and error approaches, in favour of more advanced automated structural optimisation methods. While most relevant applications so far use size or shape optimisation, the ultimate way to achieve significant mass reduction is to use topology optimisation. However, topology optimisation methods for crashworthiness design are still a work in progress. Due to the high non-linearity of crash simulations, well-established classic topology optimisation methods cannot be applied directly to crashworthiness design. Alternative methods have been and keep being developed such as the Equivalent Static Loads method, the Ground Structure Approach or the Hybrid Cellular Automata (HCA). This thesis introduces an adapted version of Hybrid Cellular Automata using thin-walled ground structures. It combines the advantages of computing a real crash simulation while producing as an output a thin walled based topology needing minimal post-processing effort to be translated into a realistic design. In this method, the topology optimisation domain is filled up with a ground structure of thin walls which constitutes the elementary cells of the HCA method. These macro-elements replace the solid mesh elements used in the classic HCA approach. The details and implementation of the method are presented and discussed. Different application examples are detailed, including defining reinforcement patterns within extruded beams. Enriched space fillings patterns are studied and industrial application examples are presented. Eventually, recommendations for further studies and applications of the method are given.
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Pohlit, David Joseph. "Dynamic Mixed-Mode Fracture of Bonded Composite Joints for Automotive Crashworthiness." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33837.

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An experimental evaluation of the mixed-mode fracture behavior of bonded composite joints is presented. Commonly used experimental techniques for characterizing the mode I, mixed-mode I/II, mode II, and mode III fracture behavior have been employed for the purpose of developing a fracture envelope to be utilized in the automotive design process. These techniques make use of such test geometries as the double cantilever beam (DCB), asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB), single-leg bend (SLB), end-loaded split (ELS), and split cantilever beam (SCB) specimens. Symmetric versions of the DCB, SLB, and ELS specimens produced mode mixities of 0°, 41°, and 90° respectively, while the testing of ADCB specimens allowed for mode mixities of 18°, 31°. Pronounced stick-slip behavior was observed for all specimen test geometries under both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. Due to the nature of the adhesive studied, a limited number of data points were obtained under mode I loading conditions. A significant increase in the number of measurable crack initiation events was observed for mixed-mode I/II loading conditions, where stick slip behavior was less pronounced. Additionally, a comparison of the measured fracture energies obtained under mixed-mode I/II loading conditions reveals that the addition of a small mode II component results in a decrease in the mode I fracture energy by roughly 50%, as the crack was driven to the interface between the adhesive layer and composite adherends. Furthermore, the propensity of debonds to propagate into the woven composite laminate adherends under mode II loading conditions limited the number of crack initiation points that could be obtained to one or two usable data points per specimen. A limited number of experimental tests using the SCB specimen for mode III fracture characterization, combined with a numerical analysis via finite element analysis, revealed a significant mode II contribution toward the specimen edges. Similarly, FE analyses on full bond width and half bond width SCB specimens was conducted, and results indicate that by inducing a bond width reduction of 50%, the mode II contribution is greatly decreased across the entire width of the specified crack front. To provide a means for comparison to results obtained using the standard DCB specimen, an alternative driven wedge test specimen geometry was analyzed, as this geometry provided a significant increase in the number of measurable data points under mode I loading conditions. A three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to establish ratios of simple beam theory results to those obtained via FEA, GSBT/GFEA, were of particular interest, as these ratios were used to establish correction factors corresponding to specific crack lengths to be used in correcting results obtained from an experimental study utilizing a driven wedge technique. Corrected results show good agreement with results obtained from traditional mode I double cantilever beam tests. Finally, bulk adhesive experiments were conducted on compact tension specimens to establish a correlation between adhesively bonded composite joint and bulk adhesive fracture behavior under mode I loading conditions. Measured fracture energy values were shown to gradually drop across a range of applied loading rates, similar to the rate-dependent behavior observed with both the DCB and driven wedge specimens. Application of the time-temperature superposition principle was explored to determine whether or not such techniques were suitable for predicting the fracture behavior of the adhesive studied herein. Good correlation was established between the fracture energy values measured and the value of tan d obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis tests conducted at corresponding reduced test rates.
Master of Science
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Rocas, Alonso Marc. "Quantifying uncertainty in complex automotive crashworthiness computational models : development of methodologies and implementation in VPS/Pamcrash." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672337.

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The automotive industry is constantly involved in the development of new methodologies and projects with the aim of reducing costs. During the vehicle design process, one of the most significant cost arises from building and testing prototypes for a valid crashworthiness performance. Mathematical crash models play an important role to get a solid knowledge of the structure, aiming to achieve a successful Euro NCAP test. However, the complex nature of a crash model hinders to obtain a robust design to guarantee a good performance. Currently, in the context of crashworthiness models, particular attention is focused to uncertainties affecting the design process. Despite important improvements in modeling uncertainty quantification, theoretical simulations and experimental models are not still in perfect correlation. Starting from a computational crash model that reproduces the behaviour of the structure system, the aim of uncertainty quantification is modeling the sources of uncertainty (lack of knowledge and natural variability) from the input parameters to the output responses. This doctoral thesis presents an uncertainty quantification methodology for complex crashworthiness models, assessing the robustness of the models and supporting decision making. Due to the high computational cost of crash models (around 18 hours for a full VPS/Pamcrash model), the use of raw Monte Carlo methods for uncertainty quantification is often unaffordable. To overcome this limitation, in the first part of the thesis a review of the state-of-the-art is presented. The most relevant methods are implemented for a benchmark problem of interest for SEAT. However, some weaknesses are detected for classic approaches to deal with complex crash models. Input variability leads to nonlinear problems with high dimensional outputs. In addition, the behaviour of crash structures may have multiple hidden structure modes that can be a challenging task to be predicted. Detecting and describing these behaviours to quantify probabilities, statistics and sensitivity analysis (among other measures) can provide a potential tool for robust analysis for the SEAT portfolio. To overcome this problem, the use of metamodels (surrogate models) is a well established approach, substituting the full order model (based on a limited number of training runs of the full order model at selected points of the input variables) for uncertainty quantification. In this doctoral thesis several techniques are studied, Ordinary Kriging, Polynomial Response Surface and a new novel surrogate strategy based on the Proper Generalized Decomposition denoted by Separated Response Surface. However, uncertainty inputs, nonlinear behaviours and large number of degrees of freedom for the outcome leads to solve high dimensional problems where the metamodel jeopardizes efficiency. Thus, previous to define a metamodel, a dimensionality reduction technique (for this thesis, kernel Principal Component Analysis) presents advantages to simplify the outcome description with the aim of building a posteriori efficient metamodel. This thesis develops a methodology combining dimensionality reduction and surrogate modeling for uncertainty quantification of crash problems, aiming to perform a minimum number of full order simulations, using a data-driven adaptive approach. The proposed methodology is tested for an industrial benchmark problem, demonstrating its performance for obtaining robust information of the system for multi-purpose analyses.
La industria automovilística está constantemente involucrada en el desarrollo de nuevas metodologías y proyectos con el objetivo de reducir costes. Durante el proceso de diseño de un vehículo, uno de los costes más significativos proviene de la construcción y el ensayo de prototipos para obtener un mejor rendimiento en el comportamiento de la resistencia al choque. Los modelos matemáticos de colisión (crash) desempeñan un papel importante para obtener un conocimiento sólido de la estructura, con el objetivo de lograr un ensayo Euro NCAP exitoso. Sin embargo, la naturaleza compleja de un modelo de crash dificulta la obtención de un diseño robusto que garantice un buen comportamiento de la estructura. Actualmente, en el contexto de los modelos de resistencia al choque, se presta especial atención a las incertidumbres que afectan al proceso de diseño. A pesar de las importantes mejoras y avances científicos en el campo de la cuantificación de la incertidumbre, las simulaciones teóricas y los modelos experimentales no están todavía en perfecta correlación. Partiendo de un modelo computacional de crash que reproduce el comportamiento del sistema estructural, el objetivo de la cuantificación de la incertidumbre es modelar las fuentes de incertidumbre desde los parámetros de entrada (inputs) hasta la respuesta del sistema (output). Esta tesis doctoral presenta una metodología de cuantificación de la incertidumbre para modelos de crash, con el objetivo de evaluar la robustez de la estructura y apoyar en la toma de decisiones. Debido al alto coste computacional de las simulaciones (alrededor de 18 horas para un modelo de coche completo con VPS/Pamcrash), el uso de métodos de Monte Carlo para la cuantificación de la incertidumbre es a menudo inasumible. Para superar esta limitación, en la primera parte de la tesis se presenta un estado del arte, donde se implementan los métodos más relevantes y se aplican a un problema de interés para SEAT. Sin embargo, para tratar modelos de crash se detectan ciertas desventajas en los enfoques clásicos. La variabilidad de los inputs (parámetros de entrada del modelo, p.ej. espesores, propiedades del material, etc.) conduce a problemas no lineales con outputs de alta dimensión. Además, las estructuras presentan múltiples modos ocultos que pueden ser una tarea difícil de detectar y predecir. Por lo tanto, describir estos comportamientos para calcular probabilidades, estadística y análisis de sensibilidad (entre otras medidas) puede proporcionar una potencial herramienta para analizar la robustez de las estructuras en modelos de crash. Para abarcar este problema, el uso de metamodelos (modelos sustitutos) es un enfoque bien establecido, que sustituye al modelo original de Pamcrash para poder evaluar la cuantificación de la incertidumbre (basándose en un número limitado de simulaciones de alto coste computacional en puntos específicos de los inputs). En esta tesis doctoral se estudian varias técnicas, Ordinary Kriging, Polynomial Response Surface y una nueva estrategia basada en el método de Proper Generalized Decomposition denotada por Separated Response Surface. Sin embargo, la incertidumbre de los inputs, los comportamientos no lineales y el gran número de grados de libertad del output conduce a resolver problemas de gran dimensión en los que el metamodelo se puede volver ineficiente o incluso imposible de implementar. Por lo tanto, previo a la definición de un metamodelo, las técnicas de reducción de dimensionalidad (para esta tesis, kernel Principal Component Analysis) presentan ventajas para simplificar la descripción del output, con el objetivo de construir a posteriori un metamodelo eficiente. En esta tesis se desarrolla una metodología adaptativa que combina la reducción de dimensionalidad y el metamodelado para la cuantificación de la incertidumbre para modelos de crash.
Enginyeria civil
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Fang, Jianguang. "Application of Surrogate Based Optimisation in the Design of Automotive Body Structures." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15376.

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The rapid development of automotive industry requires manufacturers to continuously reduce the development cost and time and to enhance the product quality. Thus, modern automotive design pays more attention to using CAE analysis based optimisation techniques to drive the entire design flow. This thesis focuses on the optimisation design to improve the automotive crashworthiness and fatigue performances, aiming to enhance the optimisation efficiency, accuracy, reliability, and robustness etc. The detailed contents are as follows: (1) To excavate the potential of crash energy absorbers, the concept of functionally graded structure was introduced and multiobjective designs were implemented to this novel type of structures. First, note that the severe deformation takes place in the tubal corners, multi-cell tubes with a lateral thickness gradient were proposed to better enhance the crashworthiness. The results of crashworthiness analyses and optimisation showed that these functionally graded multi-cell tubes are preferable to a uniform multi-cell tube. Then, functionally graded foam filled tubes with different gradient patterns were analyzed and optimized subject to lateral impact and the results demonstrated that these structures can still behave better than uniform foam filled structures under lateral loading, which will broaden the application scope of functionally graded structures. Finally, dual functionally graded structures, i.e. functionally graded foam filled tubes with functionally graded thickness walls, were proposed and different combinations of gradients were compared. The results indicated that placing more material to tubal corners and the maximum density to the outmost layer are beneficial to achieve the best performance. (2) To make full use of training data, multiple ensembles of surrogate models were proposed to maximize the fatigue life of a truck cab, while the panel thicknesses were taken as design variables and the structural mass the constraint. Meanwhile, particle swarm optimisation was integrated with sequential quadratic programming to avoid the premature convergence. The results illustrated that the hybrid particle swarm optimisation and ensembles of surrogates enable to attain a more competent solution for fatigue optimisation. (3) As the conventional surrogate based optimisation largely depends on the number of initial sample data, sequential surrogate modeling was proposed to practical applications in automotive industry. (a) To maximize the fatigue life of spot-welded joints, an expected improvement based sequential surrogate modeling method was utilized. The results showed that by using this method the performance can be significantly improved with only a relatively small number of finite element analyses. (c) A multiojective sequential surrogate modeling method was proposed to address a multiobjective optimisation of a foam-filled double cylindrical structure. By adding the sequential points and updating the Kriging model adaptively, more accurate Pareto solutions are generated. (4) While various uncertainties are inevitably present in real-life optimisations, conventional deterministic optimisations could probably lead to the violation of constraints and the instability of performances. Therefore, nondeterministic optimisation methods were introduced to solve the automotive design problems. (a) A multiobjective reliability-based optimisation for design of a door was investigated. Based on analysis and design responses surface models, the structural mass was minimized and the vertical sag stiffness was maximized subjected to the probabilistic constraint. The results revealed that the Pareto frontier is divided into the sensitive region and insensitive region with respect to uncertainties, and the decision maker is recommended to select a solution from the insensitive region. Furthermore, the reduction of uncertainties can help improve the reliability but will increase the manufacturing cost, and the tradeoff between the reliability target and performance should be made. (b) A multiobjective uncertain optimisation of the foam-filled double cylindrical structure was conducted by considering randomness in the foam density and wall thicknesses. Multiobjective particle swarm optimisation and Monte Carlo simulation were integrated into the optimisation. The results proved that while the performances of the objectives are sacrificed slightly, the nondeterministic optimisation can enhance the robustness of the objectives and maintain the reliability of the constraint. (c) A multiobjective robust optimisation of the truck cab was performed by considering the uncertainty in material properties. The general version of dual response surface model, namely dual surrogate model, was proposed to approximate the means and standard deviations of the performances. Then, the multiobjective particle optimisation was used to generate the well-distributed Pareto frontier. Finally, a hybrid multi-criteria decision making model was proposed to select the best compromise solution considering both the fatigue performance and its robustness. During this PhD study, the following ideas are considered innovative: (1) Surrogate modeling and multiobjective optimisation were integrated to address the design problems of novel functionally graded structures, aiming to develop more advanced automotive energy absorbers. (2) The ensembles of surrogates and hybrid particle swarm optimisation were proposed for the design of a truck cab, which could make full use of training points and has a strong searching capacity. (3) Sequential surrogate modeling methods were introduced to several optimisation problems in the automotive industry so that the optimisations are less dependent on the number of initial training points and both the efficiency and accuracy are improved. (4) The surrogate based optimisation method was implemented to address various uncertainties in real life applications. Furthermore, a hybrid multi-criteria decision making model was proposed to make the best compromise between the performance and robustness.
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Brown, Matthew Richard. "A combined experimental, theoretical and numerical approach to bending collapse in empty and filled thin-walled structures for automotive crashworthiness applications." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426366.

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Ryberg, Ann-Britt. "Metamodel-Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Automotive Structures." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-140875.

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Multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) can be used in computer aided engineering (CAE) to efficiently improve and balance performance of automotive structures. However, large-scale MDO is not yet generally integrated within automotive product development due to several challenges, of which excessive computing times is the most important one. In this thesis, a metamodel-based MDO process that fits normal company organizations and CAE-based development processes is presented. The introduction of global metamodels offers means to increase computational efficiency and distribute work without implementing complicated multi-level MDO methods. The presented MDO process is proven to be efficient for thickness optimization studies with the objective to minimize mass. It can also be used for spot weld optimization if the models are prepared correctly. A comparison of different methods reveals that topology optimization, which requires less model preparation and computational effort, is an alternative if load cases involving simulations of linear systems are judged to be of major importance. A technical challenge when performing metamodel-based design optimization is lack of accuracy for metamodels representing complex responses including discontinuities, which are common in for example crashworthiness applications. The decision boundary from a support vector machine (SVM) can be used to identify the border between different types of deformation behaviour. In this thesis, this information is used to improve the accuracy of feedforward neural network metamodels. Three different approaches are tested; to split the design space and fit separate metamodels for the different regions, to add estimated guiding samples to the fitting set along the boundary before a global metamodel is fitted, and to use a special SVM-based sequential sampling method. Substantial improvements in accuracy are observed, and it is found that implementing SVM-based sequential sampling and estimated guiding samples can result in successful optimization studies for cases where more conventional methods fail.
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Jacob, George Chennakattu. "Automotive crashworthiness of adhesively bonded carbon fiber polymer composite structures." 2006. http://etd.utk.edu/2006/JacobGeorge.pdf.

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Yuen-ShengChiu and 邱元升. "A Study of Automotive Aquaplaning Behavior and Structural Crashworthiness Performance Using Explicit/Implicit Finite Element Methods." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23376854681241032662.

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博士
國立成功大學
航空太空工程學系碩博士班
101
ABSTRACT A Study of Automotive Aquaplaning Behavior and Structural Crashworthiness Performance Using Explicit/Implicit Finite Element Methods Student: Yuen-Sheng Chiu Advisor: Syh-Tsang Jenq The purpose of this study concerns with automotive aquaplaning (i.e. hydroplaning) behavior and structural crashworthiness performance using explicit/implicit finite element methods. Parts of current simulations for advanced radial tires and thin-walled square tubes resemble test determined results and/or previous studies. Current numerical scheme in LS-DYNA is adequate and accurate to analyze these specific characteristics due to corresponding verifications in the present work. Investigations of specific tread patterns and triggering mechanisms for tire and tube structures were, respectively, developed to enhance hydroplaning performance and energy-absorption capability. Three types of tread patterns (i.e. smooth, longitudinally-grooved and V-shape grooved patterns) for the inflated radial tires were examined to understand their hydroplaning performances in the current work. The Mooney-Rivlin constitutive law and classical laminated theory (CLT) were used to depict the mechanical behaviors of rubber material and composite reinforcing layers, respectively. The Arbitrary Lagrangian ＆ Eulerian (ALE) formulation was adopted to describe the fluid-structure interaction between tire structure and fluid/void film. The quasi-staticlly compressed numerical results for the inflated tire were in good agreements with test results. Due to the verification of dynamic rolling behavior, the current numerical relationship of normal contact force and operational time was corresponded with that of Nakajima’s study for the inflated smooth tread pattern tire. In order to further check against hydroplaning behavior for the tire, insignificant difference of hydroplaning performances for 195/65R15 tires with smooth, V-shape and longitudinally-grooved tread patterns were reported when compared with Okano and Koishi’s test results in the current work. Effects on hydroplaning velocity of groove width, water film depth, rigid/soft tread patterns, groove spacing and groove number for longitudinally-grooved tread pattern tires were presented. In addition, effects on hydroplaning performance of normal/reverse rotations, pitch angle, pitch number, groove spacing and an inclined front nose for V-shape grooved tread pattern tires were also discussed. After combining the longitudinally-grooved tread pattern tire with an inclined front nose, a 40.2% increase of tire hydroplaning velocity was reported when compared with that of smooth tread pattern tire. With regard to the structural crashworthiness, crushing characteristics of metallic thin-walled square tubes with triggering mechanisms under quasi-static and impact loads were studied. Triggering mechanisms were found to improve energy-absorption capability and initial peak force for tube structures. The power law plasticity strain hardening and elasto-plastic material models considering strain rate effect in LS-DYNA were utilized to describe dynamic stress-strain relationship for metallic thin-walled tubes in question. Good agreements of initial peak force, dynamic mean force and energy-absorption capability between current FE results and Seitzberger’s test results for the thin-walled square tubes with and without foam core materials were reported. Effects on crushing characteristics of discontinuities size, discontinuities shape and pre-indented wall surface were also examined for metallic thin-walled square tubes under quasi-static loading. In addition, insignificant differences of initial peak force, dynamic mean crushing force and specific energy absorption for corrugated thin-walled tubes subjected to an impact loading were presented when compared with that of Ghasemnejad’s study. The theoretical model of corrugated thin-walled tube was reported by Ghasemnejad. An important design concept of current modified theoretical model was proposed to induce the extensional deformed mode by joining bulging mechanisms for the corrugated thin-walled tube model. Good agreements of dynamic mean force between theoretical model and present simulated analysis for modified corrugated thin-walled tubes were reported. This proposed design (i.e. with bulging mechanisms) was effective to significantly enhance 74% specific energy absorption and decrease 75% initial peak force for the corrugated thin-walled tube containing bulging mechanisms with a minimum pitch distance.
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Joshi, Aditya Umakant. "Finite element modeling of low floor mass transit bus and analysis of frontal impact scenarios." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/653.

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There is no international regulation for the frontal collision of the buses, protecting their occupants and partners in traffic. There are some regulation such as ECE R-80 which deals with strength of seat structure of the coaches and their anchorages strength. There is increasing need to focus issues like occupant protection and full scale crash testing regulation for buses. This thesis attempts to collect possible subjects required for international regulation required for crashworthiness of transit buses. This research attempts to develop and validate a model of transit bus for all three impact conditions. The full finite element model is developed with help hypermesh software and its validation and analysis is done with help Ls-Dyna nonlinear finite element solver. The cost of actual testing and secrecy maintained by manufacturers make research process difficult and increase the importance of computer simulations. To boost the research of crash worthiness of transit need for computer model is felt. This thesis examines several frontal crash test procedures and evaluates how well each procedure meets the objective. This validated model is used to analyze various real world impact scenarios and its analysis with European and federal regulation. This validated model is used to extract crash pulses of various impact scenarios at the center of gravity of the bus. These extracted crash pulses are applied to the madymo model to estimate the injuries to occupants of the bus. This thesis discusses the design aspects of bus frontal impact behavior as one of the main subjects of bus crashworthiness and results of previous full scale tests comparing the Fem simulation results carried out on the transit bus.
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
"December 2006."
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Books on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

1

SAE International Congress & Exposition (1989 Detroit, Mich.). Automotive frontal impacts. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1989.

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2

Heyerman, Jeffrey Bernard. On the crashworthiness of foam-filled ultralight automotive structures. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2000.

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United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration., ed. National automotive sampling system crashworthiness data system 1992-1994. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1997.

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United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration., ed. National automotive sampling system crashworthiness data systems, 1993-1995. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1998.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE International Congress & Exposition (1997 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Occupant protection and injury assessment in the automotive crash environment. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1997.

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Association, Aluminum. Automotive aluminum crash energy management manual. Washington, D.C: Aluminum Association, 1998.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee for Study of Consumer Automotive Safety Information. Shopping for safety: Providing consumer automotive safety information. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1996.

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Wood, P. K. C. Strain rate testing of metallic materials and their modelling for use in CAE based automotive crash simulation tools: (recommendations and procedures. Shrewsbury, Shropshire: iSmithers, 2009.

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H, Backaitis Stanley, and Society of Automotive Engineers, eds. Vehicle compatibility in automotive crashes. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2005.

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G, Mamalis Athanasios, ed. Crashworthiness of composite thin-walled structural components. Lancaster, Pa: Technomic Pub. Co., Inc., 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

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Lukaszewicz, Dirk H. J. A. "Automotive Composite Structures for Crashworthiness." In Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications, 99–127. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118535288.ch5.

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Beik, Varshan, M. Fard, and Reza N. Jazar. "Crashworthiness of Tapered Beams in Automotive Application." In Nonlinear Approaches in Engineering Applications, 3–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27055-5_1.

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Ryou, Han Sun, Myoung Gyu Lee, Chong Min Kim, and Kwan Soo Chung. "Numerical Evaluation of Crashworthiness of Automotive Sheets." In The Mechanical Behavior of Materials X, 1537–40. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-440-5.1537.

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Ghasemnejad, H., H. Hadavinia, and G. Simpson. "Crashworthiness Optimization of Crash Box in Automotive Structure." In Advances in Fracture and Damage Mechanics VI, 661–64. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-448-0.661.

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Haug, E., H. Charlier, J. Clinckemaillie, E. Di Pasquale, O. Fort, D. Lasry, G. Milcent, X. Ni, A. K. Pickett, and R. Hoffmann. "Recent Trends and Developments of Crashworthiness Simulation Methodologies and Their Integration into the Industrial Vehicle Design Cycle." In Automotive Simulation ’91, 69–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84586-4_7.

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Koricho, Ermias, Giovanni Belingardi, Alem Tekalign, Davide Roncato, and Brunetto Martorana. "Crashworthiness Analysis of Composite and Thermoplastic Foam Structure for Automotive Bumper Subsystem." In Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications, 129–48. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118535288.ch6.

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Tabiei, Ala. "Nonlinear Strain Rate Dependent Micro-Mechanical Composite Material Model for Crashworthiness Simulation." In Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications, 175–204. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118535288.ch8.

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"Enhancement of Crashworthiness in Cellular Structures." In Automotive Engineering, 131–38. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420011906-19.

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"Enhancement of Crashworthiness in Cellular Structures." In Automotive Engineering, 117–24. Taylor & Francis, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420011906.ch11.

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Ambrósio, Jorge. "Automotive Structural Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection." In Road and Off-Road Vehicle System Dynamics Handbook, 1611–62. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15560-51.

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Conference papers on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

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Du Bois, Paul, and J. F. Chedmail. "Automotive Crashworthiness Performance on a Supercomputer." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/870565.

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Herbst, Brian, Stephen Forrest, Steven E. Meyer, and Davis Hock. "Improving Rollover Crashworthiness Through Inverted Drop Testing." In Automotive and Transportation Technology Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-3213.

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Sato, Kentaro, Akihide Yoshitake, Yoshihiro Hosoya, and Hisao Mikami. "FEM Simulation to Estimate Crashworthiness of Automotive Parts." In International Body Engineering Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/982356.

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Tank, Milind M., and A. D. Jadhav. "Development of a Vehicle Structure for Crashworthiness - Telco Experience." In Symposium on International Automotive Technology~SIAT 2003. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-26-0010.

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Rais-Rohani, Masoud, Kiran Solanki, and Christopher Eamon. "Reliability-Based Optimization of Lightweight Automotive Structures for Crashworthiness." In 11th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-7004.

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Botkin, Mark, Alan Browne, Nancy Johnson, Sukru Fidan, Richard Jeryan, Hikmat Mahmood, Richard Wang, Larry Lalik, and Doug Peterson. "Development of a Composite Front Structure for Automotive Crashworthiness." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0970.

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Abstract This paper will summarize the results of a major project of the Automotive Composites Consortium (ACC) to focus on the use of composites in a vehicle front-end structure. The emphasis of the project was to replace the entire steel front structure of a production automobile with a molded composite front structure. The project focused on the development of a completely new reinforcement architecture which emphasized production feasible preforming methods: triaxially braided glass fibers over foam cores make up the upper and lower rails and the connecting panel can be formed from either thermoformed continuous strand mat or directed fiber, and utilized an Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process. The front structure of the vehicle was redesigned and replaced with production-feasible composite components designed for crash energy management requirements as well as other overall structural considerations. The paper will describe the many design, analysis and test phases of the project which led up to a successful barrier test to verify structural crashworthiness. A fully dressed and instrumented vehicle was built up to incorporate the composite front structure and the vehicle was barrier crash tested at 56 kph. The vehicle passed the test — all performance measures were well within the Federal MVSS requirements — and all but one measure yielded improved performance over the all-steel production vehicle. In addition, the composite parts are 25% lighter than the steel parts they replace.
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Cruz, Pablo, Jose Antonio Muñoz, and Jordi Viñas. "Quasi-Static & amp; Dynamic Spotweld Characterization for Automotive Crashworthiness Conditions." In Symposium on International Automotive Technology 2015. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-26-0191.

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Kisielewicz, L. T., K. H. Park, S. H. Shin, H. S. Cho, A. K. Pickett, E. Haug, G. Milcent, and F. X. Wijnant. "Optimization of the Crashworthiness of a Passenger Car Using Iterative Simulations." In International Pacific Conference On Automotive Engineering. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/931977.

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Keskin, Sabri Alper, Erdem Acar, Mehmet Ali Guler, and Murat Altin. "Crashworthiness Sensitivity Analysis of Axisymmetric Rectangular Crash Absorbers with Diaphragms." In 2020 XII International Science-Technical Conference AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/automotivesafety47494.2020.9293500.

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Philipps, Marc, Lothar Patberg, Ralph Dittmann, and Henrik Adam. "Structural Analysis and Testing of Composites in Automotive Crashworthiness Application." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/981140.

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Reports on the topic "Automotive crashworthiness"

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Kalnaus, Sergiy, Hsin Wang, Srdjan Simunovic, Abhishek Kumar, Sarma B. Gorti, Srikanth Allu, and John A. Turner. Crashworthiness Models for Automotive Batteries. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1435250.

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Kalnaus, Sergiy, Hsin Wang, Abhishek Kumar, Srdjan Simunovic, Sarma B. Gorti, Srikanth Allu, and John A. Turner. Crashworthiness Models for Automotive Batteries (NHTSA-ORNL 2018). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1484984.

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Kalnaus, Sergiy, Abhishek Kumar, Damien T. Lebrun-Grandie, Srdjan Simunovic, Stuart R. Slattery, John A. Turner, Hsin Wang, Srikanth Allu, Sarma B. Gorti, and Bruno R. Turcksin. Crashworthiness Models for Automotive Batteries - Report on Project 2088-A031-15 for DOT/NHTSA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1337031.

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