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Enefalk, Tommy. "Improvements to Thermal Management System for Automotive Components." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244321.
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Global warming imposes great challenges, and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have to be reduced by active measures. The transportation sector is one of the key sectors where significant reductions are desired. Within a vehicle, the cooling/thermal management system is a subsystem intended for temperature control of automotive components. Reducing the power consumption for thermal management is one of several possible ways to reduce the environmental impact of the vehicle. This report considers an existing reference cooling system, with three separate circuits at different temperature levels. The purpose is to suggest improvements to the reference system with respect to increasing energy efficiency as well as reducing the number of components. Potential improvements are identified during a literature study, and then evaluated one by one. After the first evaluation, four improvements are selected: Firstly, a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger in high temperature circuit, with connections to both the medium and low temperature circuits. Secondly, common medium/low temperature radiators, which can be allocated according to cooling demand. Thirdly, pipe connections for coolant transfer between the low and medium temperature circuits. Finally, a liquid-cooled condenser in the active cooling system, cooled by the medium temperature circuit. The result is a system with flexible radiator allocation, more even load distribution, ability to heat components using heat losses from other components, and one radiator less than the reference system. A complete system evaluation is performed in order to find the most beneficial arrangement of the components. Steady state calculations are performed in MATLAB, using five different operational cases as input data. Out of six different alternatives, one is recommended for high load operation and another for low load operation. The difference between the two is the position of the condenser, since a low condensation temperature should be prioritized at part load but not at high load. The main uncertainties of this report are steady state calculations, which are not fully reflecting real driving situations, and approximations due to lack of input data. For further work, verification of these results by transient simulations and practical testing is recommended. Removing one of the high temperature radiators could be investigated, as well as downsizing the medium temperature radiator. Integration with the cabin thermal management system, which is beyond the scope of this report, is also a relevant area for future investigation. By suggesting improvements to an automotive subsystem, this report strives to make a difference on a small-scale level, but also to contribute to an ongoing transition process on the global level.Den globala uppvärmningen medför stora utmaningar, och de antropogena växthusgasutsläppen måste minskas genom aktiva åtgärder. Transportsektorn är en av de viktigaste sektorerna där avsevärda utsläppsminskningar eftersträvas. I ett fordon är kylsystemet ett delsystem avsett att kontrollera temperaturen på komponenter som är viktiga för fordonets funktion. Att sänka kylsystemets effektförbrukning är ett av flera möjliga sätt att minska fordonets miljöpåverkan. Den här rapporten utgår från ett befintligt referenskylsystem, med tre separata kretsar som arbetar vid olika temperaturnivåer. Syftet är att föreslå förbättringar för att öka energieffektiviteten, samt minska antalet komponenter i systemet. Potentiella förbättringar identifieras genom en litteraturstudie, och utvärderas därefter en efter en. Efter denna utvärdering väljs fyra förbättringar ut: För det första, en vätskevärmeväxlare i högtemperaturkretsen, med anslutningar till både mellan- och lågtemperaturkretsen. För det andra, gemensamma mellan- och lågtemperaturkylare, som kan fördelas mellan kretsarna efter behov. För det tredje, röranslutningar för överföring av kylvätska mellan låg- och mellantemperaturkretsen. Slutligen, en vätskekyld kondensor i det aktiva kylsystemet, vilken kyls av mellantemperaturkretsen. Resultatet är ett kylsystem med flexibel tilldelning av kylare, jämnare fördelning av värmeförluster, möjlighet att värma komponenter med förlustvärme från andra komponenter, samt en kylare mindre än referenssystemet. Som sista steg genomförs en helsystemsutvärdering, för att hitta det mest fördelaktiga sättet att placera komponenterna i förhållande till varandra. Stationära beräkningar utförs i MATLAB, med fem olika driftfall som indata. Av sex olika utformningar rekommenderas en för drift med hög belastning, och en annan för drift med lägre belastning. Skillnaden mellan dem är kondensorns placering, på grund av att en låg kondensationstemperatur bör prioriteras vid låg belastning men inte vid hög belastning. Den största osäkerheten i tillvägagångssättet är de stationära beräkningarna, som inte helt motsvarar verkliga körfall, samt approximationer som gjorts vid brist på indata. För framtida arbete rekommenderas verifiering av dessa resultat genom transienta simuleringar och praktiska tester. Att ta bort en av högtemperaturkylarna och/eller minska storleken på mellantemperaturkylaren kan också undersökas. Även integration med kupéns värme- och kylsystem, vilket ligger utanför ramen för denna rapport, är ett relevant område för fortsatta undersökningar. Genom att föreslå förbättringar av ett delsystem i ett fordon strävar denna rapport efter att åstadkomma förbättringar på liten skala, men också att bidra till en pågående omvandling på den globala skalan.
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Pantalone, Matteo. "Simulation techniques for the aerodynamic study of automotive components." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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When it comes to vehicle aerodynamics, wheels have always a primary importance due to their high drag contribution, expecially if they cannot be shrouded. For a vehichle such
as a F1 car, wheel total drag contribution reaches high percentage, such as 30-40%.
This study has the purpose to investigate the aerodynamic behaviour of a non-deformable rotating flat sided wheel without hubs. The testcase is supposed to have dimensions of a 2018 F1 front tyre. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach, by using Open-FOAM (OF), is used to catch the main flow features, vortex structures and forces involved.
A lot of time is spent to get a good mesh around the wheel with OF internal mesher due to the ground presence. Widely used Spalart-Allmaras, κ-ω SST, Realizable κ-ε codes
are implemented first. Then the analysis is concentrated to κ-ω SST LM and several built-in DES models: κ-ω SST DES, Spalart-Allmaras DES, Spalart-Allmaras DDES. In
the transtional model the goal is to look for laminar-turbulent boundary layer transition.
In the DES/DDES approaches it is desiderable to see more detailed flow fields and a reduction of turbulent viscosity in regions where the mesh is fine enough to perform a local LES.
As a consequence, comparisons between models output data and catching capabilities are made. Furthermore, the feasibility of using a DES approach with respect to RANS in automotive problems is analyzed in the case mesh grids don’t allow a fine wall resolution.
Experimental data matching the testcase considered don’t exist but literature, however, provides a good agreement with the results for similar researches.
3
Low, Wai Leung 1977. "Cell and equipment design in the automotive components industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89323.
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Oropeza, Guillermo 1975. "Production system design and implementation in the automotive components industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89306.
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Napier, Parhys L. "The individual contribution of automotive components to vehicle fuel consumption." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68851.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-51).
Fuel consumption has grown to become a major point of interest as oil reserves are depleted. The purpose of this study is to determine the key components that cause variation in the instantaneous fuel consumption of vehicles and their level of impact using an in-depth literature review of technical papers. The literature is rigorously screened using an algorithm that excluded unreliable studies by criteria defined herein. Papers that are identified using this strategy are stratified according to vehicle subsystem and component. Relationships are established between external factors and fuel consumption using linear regression models and ranked by level of importance. Results show that coolant, air conditioning, alternator, rolling resistance and lubricants have an impact on vehicle fuel consumption and its variation. More specifically, coolant flow rate, oil viscosity, ambient temperature and tire pressure are found to be significant factors to fuel economy for the automobile.
by Parhys L. Napier.
S.B.
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Ramaswamy, Sangeetha [Verfasser]. "Manufacturing of Automotive Interior Components with Renewable Raw Materials / Sangeetha Ramaswamy." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138178225/34.
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Kersch, Kurthan Verfasser], and Elmar [Gutachter] [Woschke. "3D-vibration testing for automotive components / Kurthan Kersch ; Gutachter: Elmar Woschke." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122267078X/34.
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Lamming, Richard. "Supplier strategies in the automotive components industry : development towards lean production." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304680.
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This Thesis contributes to understanding of strategic collaborative partnerships between industrial customers and suppliers, within the context of technical change. Automotive manufacturers are facing a plethora of technical change - more than they can handle in traditional ways - and a new basis for competition, set by so-called "lean" manufacturers, from Japan. Lean Production, a demonstrably superior strategy for vehicle design and manufacture, contradicts many of the tenets of the previous best practice: mass production. In order to compete, vehicle assemblers are turning to their suppliers for help. The role of the supplier is thus changing fundamentally: the new challenge is to adopt collaborative strategies and become good "partners". The research was based upon almost 200 interviews in the industry, in ten countries. Five original models of customer-supplier relationships were built and tested exhaustively. Two original models of strategy for component suppliers were identified - operable in two modes - designed for positioning within the industry in the light of the new complex demands from customers. The conclusions of the research are: 1. The business relationship between a vehicle assembler and its components suppliers may be seen as an example of vertical strategic collaboration - partnership between two parties making complementary, dissimilar, contributions, for mutual benefit. Suchp artnershipsm ust be assumedto havea finite life. 2. Whilst all component suppliers will need to adopt lean production methods and approaches, four distinct types of strategy may be identified. 3. Vertical collaboration appears to share many features of horizontal collaboration. The reasons for entering strategic collaboration, identified by research into horizontal collaboration, can be further understood by study of vertical collaboration. 4. Supplier firms form networks within which individual roles vary. Lean supply requires suppliers and their customers to perceive competition in a more comprehensive fashion.
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Masha, Bukola L. (Bukola Lewis) 1979. "Production system design and implementation in the European automotive components industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89886.
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Mangin, Christophe G. E. "Advanced engineering materials for automotive engine components : cost and performance estimations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12742.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 369-375).
by Christophe G.E. Mangin.
Ph.D.
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Kersch, Kurthan [Verfasser], and Elmar [Gutachter] Woschke. "3D-vibration testing for automotive components / Kurthan Kersch ; Gutachter: Elmar Woschke." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122267078X/34.
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Andersson, Andreas. "Measuring the contact pressure during sheet metal forming of automotive components." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20630.
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The competition in the car market in the world is continuously intensifying. To gain an advantage in the market while making a profit, each car manufacturer needs a strong focus on always improving in the technology development. It is not just technology of the cars that need development, but it is equally important to improve the manufacturing processes itself. In the end, this will result in more appealing products for the customer at a competitive cost. The aim and scope of this master thesis is to get a deeper understanding of the forces in the stamping die during sheet metal forming in manufacturing. By using strain gauges and microcontrollers, the forces during the entire forming process could be measured and analyzed. The relationship between the force on the pressure pins in the die and the length of the pressure pins was also investigated by adding shims on the pressure pins. A modular system using Arduino Uno with 3D-printed parts was developed to measure the forces in the blank holder during sheet metal forming. An Arduino software system and TeraTerm was found the most appropriate for collecting and organizing data from the strain gauge sensors and microcontrollers. Tests were then conducted using different settings of the press, and these showed that the forces in the blank holder were uneven. Adding shims to the pins so that they were all of equal length evened out the forces in the blank holder. Another test showed that adding more shims to only one of the pins increased the force in that pin, and that adding 0.5mm of shims to that pin more than doubled the maximum force. The system developed in this thesis can measure the forces in the blank holder during the sheet forming process at a lower speed of production. This system can also detect different force settings in the press. Lastly, it can also detect a difference in force for different pressure pin lengths.Konkurrensen på bilmarknaden i världen intensifieras kontinuerligt. För att få en fördel påmarknaden samtidigt som de gör vinst måste varje biltillverkare ha ett starkt fokus på att alltid förbättrateknikutvecklingen. Det är inte bara bilens teknik som behöver utvecklas, utan det är lika viktigt attförbättra tillverkningsprocesserna i sig. I slutändan kommer detta att resultera i mer attraktiva produkterför kunden till ett konkurrenskraftigt pris. Syftet och omfattningen av detta examensarbete är att få en djupare förståelse av krafterna ipressverktyget under plåtformningprocessen. Genom att använda töjningsgivare och mikrokontrollerkunde krafterna under hela formningsprocessen mätas och analyseras. Förhållandet mellan kraften påmothållarpinnarna i verktyget och längden på pinnarna undersöktes också genom att lägga till shims påpinnarna. Ett modulsystem som använde Arduino Uno med 3D-printade delar utvecklades för att mätakrafterna i formen under formningsprocessen. Ett Arduino-mjukvarusystem och TeraTerm bedömdesvara det mest lämpliga för att samla in och organisera data från töjningssensorer och mikrokontroller. Tester genomfördes sedan med olika inställningar i pressen, och dessa visade att krafterna ipressverktyget var ojämna. Genom att lägga till shims på pinnarna så att de alla var lika långa utjämnadeskrafterna i pressverktyget. Ett annat test visade att genom att lägga till fler shims på endast en avmothållarpinnarna ökade kraften i pinnen. Genom att tillägg till 0,5 mm shims på den pinnen mer änfördubblade den maximala kraften. Systemet som utvecklats i denna rapport kan mäta krafterna i pressverktygets mothållarpinnarunder formningsprocessen vid en lägre produktionshastighet. Detta system kan också upptäcka olikakraftinställningar i pressen. Slutligen kan den också upptäcka skillnader i kraft vid olika längder påmothållarpinnarna.
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Allemang, Matthew R. "Comparison of Automotive Structures Using Transmissibility Functions and Principal Component Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367944783.
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Allam, Sabry. "Acoustic modelling and testing of advanced exhaust system components for automotive engines." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-49.
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The increased use of the diesel engine in the passenger car, truck and bus market is due to high efficiency and lower fuel costs. This growing market share has brought with it several environmental issues for instance soot particle emission. Different technologies to remove the soot have been developed and are normally based on some kind of soot trap. In particular for automobiles the use of diesel particulate traps or filters (DPF:s) based on ceramic monolithic honeycombs are becoming a standard. This new exhaust system component will affect the acoustics and also work as a muffler. To properly design exhaust systems acoustic models for diesel particulate traps are needed. The first part of this thesis considers the modelling of sound transmission and attenuation for traps that consist of narrow channels separated by porous walls. This work has resulted in two new models an approximate 1-D model and a more complete model based on the governing equations for a visco-thermal fluid. Both models are expressed as acoustic 2-ports which makes them suitable for implementation in acoustic software for exhaust systems analysis. The models have been validated by experiments on clean filters at room temperature with flow and the agreement is good. In addition the developed filter models have been used to set up a model for a complete After Treatment Device (ATD) for a passenger car. The unit consisted of a chamber which contained both a diesel trap and a Catalytic Converter (CC). This complete model was also validated by experiments at room temperature. The second part of the thesis focuses on experimental techniques for plane wave decomposition in ducts with flow. Measurements in ducts with flow are difficult since flow noise (turbulence) can strongly influence the data. The difficulties are also evident from the lack of good published in-duct measurement data, e.g., muffler transmission loss data, for Mach-numbers above 0.1-0.2. The first paper in this part of the thesis investigates the effect of different microphone mountings and signal processing techniques for suppressing flow noise. The second paper investigates in particular flow noise suppression techniques in connection with the measurement of acoustic 2-ports. Finally, the third paper suggests a general wave decomposition procedure using microphone arrays and over-determination. This procedure can be used to determine the full plane wave data, e.g., the wave amplitudes and complex wave numbers k+ and k-. The new procedure has been applied to accurately measure the sound radiation from an unflanged pipe with flow. This problem is of interest for correctly determining the radiated power from an engine exhaust outlet. The measured data for the reflection coefficient and end correction have been compared with the theory of Munt [33] and the agreement is excellent. The measurements also produced data for the damping value (imaginary part of the wavenumber) which were compared to a model suggested by Howe [13]. The agreement is good for a normalized boundary layer thickness less than 30-40
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Clifton, Nicholas Charles. "The automotive components industry : a study into the economics of interfirm relationships." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325050.
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Tapia, Carlos (Carlos Francisco) 1976. "Application of the production system design framework in the automotive components industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8553.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-113).
The environment that companies face nowadays is increasingly competitive. In this setting firms must ensure that its Production System is aligned with its business objectives. However, Production Systems can be extremely complex and their design involves many different disciplines. The Manufacturing System Design Decomposition (MSDD) developed by the Production System Design Laboratory at MIT is useful to identify the objectives (Functional Requirements - FRs), and the corresponding implementation (Design Parameters - DPs) for the key decisions that must be made to design a manufacturing system. This work presents the Production System Design Framework, which is based on the MSDD, as a roadmap to approach the intricate design and implementation process. Special attention is placed on an important part of the framework: The Production System Design and Deployment Steps. This thesis exhibits the direct application of the PSD Framework to the design and implementation of an automotive components production system. The basis for this design is the MSDD and it is implemented through the Production System Design and Deployment Steps. Each step is described in detail and it is explained how it was adapted to the particular requirements of the project. Additionally, a manufacturing system of electronics components is examined. Two different system designs for the same product are studied. The analysis is performed using traditional performance metrics as the evaluating criteria. In addition, this analysis is contrasted to an analysis made using the MSDD. The similarities of the results validate the importance of the MSDD. Furthermore, the MSDD is used to identify potential areas for improvement.
by Carlos Tapia.
S.M.
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Kuo, Irene Y. (Irene Yunchia) 1976. "A methodology for sizing components in a dual-voltage automotive electrical system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80198.
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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 113).
by Irene Y. Kuo.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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Ball, James Scott 1970. "Integrating enterprise resource planning and lean manufacturing at an automotive components supplier." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88858.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-125).
by James Scott Ball.
S.M.
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Ollier, Jenny-Louise. "Computer aided engineering methodology for the durability assurance of welded automotive components." Thesis, Swansea University, 2008. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42895.
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Wilson, Martin J. "Finite element analysis of glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites for structural automotive components." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11773/.
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This thesis describes the investigation and development of damage modelling techniques for woven long glass fibre reinforced polypropylene matrix composites. The objective of the work was to develop and validate predictive models for the intralaminar damage behaviour of these materials, with the aim of applying the results to an industrial demonstrator component. Two damage modelling methods were investigated. The first, based on ply-level failure criteria and implemented in an implicit finite element code, was developed and validated using a range of coupon tests for a balanced weave 60% weight fraction commingled glass/polypropylene composite. The second method utilised a model previously implemented in the commercial explicit finite element code, PAMCRASH. This model was calibrated and validated using the same coupon tests as the first model. The models were subsequently used to simulate an industrial demonstrator component, during a two-phase design and development programme. The demonstrator, an automotive side intrusion beam, was designed and predictively modelled using the two damage modelling techniques investigated. Finally, the composite component was compared to a steel side intrusion beam, using a quasi-static vehicle test to a current legislative standard. This test showed comparable performance in terms of strength and stiffness for the two beams. It was concluded that the implicit finite element damage modelling technique can account for the damage and failure modes observed in a woven glass fibre reinforced polypropylene composite, but is limited when considering high levels of material nonlinearity and damage development, due to the stability of the implicit finite element method. It was also concluded that the explicit finite element technique was more suited to the simulation of damage development in thermoplastic matrix composite components, although the research showed that the model investigated was limited when considering shear damaging behaviour in a woven fibre reinforced composite.
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Abdulqadir, Lawal Babatunde. "Investigation of the effects of soot on the wear of automotive engine components." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19535/.
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This study is motivated by the current trends in the automotive industry where an increasing level of soot is becoming a challenge to the internal combustion engine (ICE) components. Factors responsible for increasing soot level can be grouped into those explicitly driven by regulations and those driven by technological developments; as well as the requirements of extended drain intervals which lessen the overall maintenance cost of running a vehicle and reduce the environmental impacts of disposed oils. The research work basically involves a multi-pronged approach to evaluate the behaviour of sooty-oil surrogates (blends of fully formulated engine oil, HX5 SAE15W-40, and carbon black particles) under various conditions, using laboratory specimens and real engine components. Laboratory specimens are appropriate for evaluating systemic changes in various parameters; they, however, tend to be more homogeneous and have smoother surfaces than real specimens [1]. Real component testing affords more realistic surface contacts and contact geometries; and therefore loading conditions. Increasing soot-loading affects virtually every component involved in the combustion process; the most vulnerable are, however, the valve-train components. Consequently, the focus of the research was on the components within the engine's valve-train related specifically to the diesel engines. Based on the specific component simulations that were proposed, two standard commercial tribometers were used; namely, the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR-Plint TE77) and the Mini Traction Machine (MTM-Plint TE54). Two others were designed and built as part of this research; these are: a Pin-in-Bush (PIB) Rig and a Chain Rig. The generic tests involving the basic geometric contacts, non-conformal point (ball-on-flat) and non-conformal line (ring-on-ring), were designed to mimic specific contact conditions in an internal combustion engine (ICE). The elephant’s foot/valve tip contact of the automotive engine valve train is perfectly simulated by the ball-on-flat test with a small stroke length; while ring-on-ring test undergoing sliding and rolling concurrently perfectly mimics the valvetrain’s cam lobe/roller follower contact geometry. The pin-in-bush conformal contact reciprocating sliding rig was designed to have conformal interacting surfaces which provides area contact for the pin and bush moving with sliding action on the lubricant film at the interface. The rig was also adapted, with minimum modifications, for the chain rig which was used for the real engine component test; specifically, Mercedes Benz M271 timing chain and sprocket. The results obtained from the chain were compared with a similar component that has undergone about 206,000 kilometres in a real engine. The results obtained in this study are comparable with other reported studies using carbon black to mimic engine soot. Although loads of data were generated in the course of various tests and post-test analysis, space limitation would not allow all of these to be presented. For the quantitative (friction coefficients, viscosity, wear volume and roughness profile) results, averages of the measured values were determined and used to present the results in various formats. However, only few of the qualitative analysis (microscopy, SEM, ContourGT and Alicona) results were presented in this thesis. Generally, the behavioural pattern of increasing volume of wear, viscosity, frictional force and coefficient of friction with increasing carbon black content remain essentially consistent with all the tests carried out under this study. However, the surface roughness revealed a somewhat smoother surface profile for moderate carbon black content (3-5wt%CB), especially at moderate normal load. Also, traction coefficient values decreased progressively and consistently with increasing carbon black content for mixed lubrication tests. Wear analysis revealed that the carbon black contamination effects in the contact are substantial at high concentration levels, high temperature and high normal loads as wear scar volume increased with these parameters. Evolution of the wear test further reveals that the progression of wear is a function of time. The severity of wear is more pronounced in the ball-on-flat tests operating under boundary lubrication as compared to the ring-on-ring (mixed lubrication) tests. Though, both contacts are non-conformal, but the load distribution was over a wider surface area with a line contact as against what happens with point contact, where a small area of contact carries the full load. Observed wear mechanisms can be interpreted as mild three-body abrasive wear at moderate carbon black contents (3-5wt%CB) where the well-dispersed carbon black particles freely roll and slide between the contacting specimens. While at higher carbon contents (7-12wt%CB) where agglomeration is more likely, the resultant wear mechanism is metal-to-metal contact due to starvation of lubricant which access into the contact is restricted by the carbon particle agglomerates, and thus resulting in two-body abrasion. Another possible mechanism at higher content is that some of these hard particles get into the contact zone where they become squeezed and get embedded into the surfaces. The embedded hard particles burrow through the contacting surfaces, forming grooves along the sliding direction. This is also classified as two-body abrasion. For the mini-traction machine (MTM) test, there was also cyclic stress-induced surface fatigue due to the combined effects of high contact pressure resulting from Hertzian line contact and high load and occurrence of fatigue-induced incipient damage in the subsurface, along the plane of maximum shear stress. The real engine component tests revealed multiple effects on the contacting bodies. These range from sliding and rolling actions between the sprocket teeth and the chain rollers along with the carbon black particles. There was also the effects of the impact stresses induced by the collision of chain with the sprocket teeth during engagement. The emerging results from various post-test analysis have also revealed the damaging effects any particle infiltration into the contact between various moving parts of the timing chain system can cause. The analysis of the ‘L’ (denoting the initial of the owner of real engine components) vehicle components also gives some valuable and instructive indications of possible damages that prolonged usage can cause to a component, particularly timing drive components which constitute parts of the most durable and lifetime components in an internal combustion engine (ICE). The novel idea on the use of ultrasound technique to measure the instantaneous film thickness (between the contacting specimens) of selected sooty-oil surrogates also recorded a significant level of success in terms of the obtained results which are comparable with analytical results in behavioural trends and numerical values. Notably, being a pioneering move towards determining the real-time film thickness of soot-contaminated oil, this indicates a potential for future research.
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Matbouei, Mohammad. "The effect of biofuel on the corrosion and wear of automotive engine components." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42530.
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Soot particles produced during diesel engine combustion process are of strong interest within the fields of environmental science (global warming, air pollution), air filtration and combustion science (the optimization of the combustion process). Diesel fuel production from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats offer the potential to reduce fossil carbon emissions and produce alternative ultra-clean fuels for transport and industrial use. It is well known that biodiesel, neat or in blends, can provide reduced particulate matter (PM) mass emissions through either oxygen content or enhanced air due to the higher boiling range of biodiesel. Recent observations have shown an oxidation reactivity variation with soot derived from different fuels. However, the manner in which crystallinity or nanostructure affects soot oxidation rates has not been clarified for diesel fuel soot, whether it is derived from conventional or alternative (e.g. renewable) fuel sources. This study has looked at the comparison of soot nanostructures of particulates produced from three different fuels (an ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel, its B20 blend and pure biodiesel B100) with a diesel engine by means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM studies of soot samples collected on a soot catcher under conditions relevant to different biodiesel blends, revealed a nanostructure that to our knowledge, has not been previously reported for diesel soot particulates. The immersion corrosion tests of biodiesel B100 were conducted at six different temperatures; 25°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C and 120°C, each for 270 hours. Each sample was weighed at the commencement of the tests and again at the end. Any difference in those weights was used to inform on the corrosion characteristics of the particular fuel on each metal type. Under the experimental conditions, copper and brass were more susceptible to corrosion in biodiesel than aluminium and steel.
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Squires, Charlene. "Development of CFRP Class A body panels and structural components for automotive applications." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/68692/.
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Investigations were completed in two areas of research. Firstly mechanical compression test coupons of unidirectional carbon fibre composite were optimised to produce repeatable and reproducible data to support automotive structural applications. The compressive strength was determined through ASTM D 695 M testing, and the results were correlated with test variations implemented. Various preparation methods were evaluated in the determination of the cause of variation found in unidirectional carbon fibre test specimens. Analytical tools were implemented, including microscopical techniques, Scanning Electron Microscope, Talyscan and X-Ray Tomography to determine initiation of failure and to quantify the damage encountered by the compressive test specimen. The findings correlated well with the mechanical test results, which indicate that the higher quality laminates in terms of surface and edge finishes will have better mechanical properties compared to lower quality composites. Secondly, the characterisation of the surface of a material designed for automotive body applications. The CBS 95 is manufactured by Gurit UK and has been designed to be the first carbon fibre material to be cured using vacuum bagging and have no evidence of print through at the surface. Various characterisation tools, including Proscan 2000, microscopical techniques, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, were used to evaluate anomalies found at the surface of the components manufactured from CBS 95. The origin and formation mechanisms of the anomalies was sought and explained with use of models and the analytical equipment, two main origins were found: porosity and kitting defects. Additionally, the sustainability of CBS 95 exposed to harsh environments was investigated. The CBS 95 was exposed for 20 weeks in three different environments (hot/dry, hot/wet and chemical). Analytical techniques such as MINOLTA Spectrophotometer CM-500 Series, Gloss analyser and microscopical techniques were used to quantify the environmental degradation of the CBS 95. The CBS 95 performed consistently in each of the three environments. The work has also made many recommendations for improved manufacturing routes for both the compressive test specimen and the CBS 95, reducing processing time and improving quality. These suggestions, when considered together, contribute significantly to carbon fibre manufacturing.
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Gamonal, Repiso Pablo. "Perceived quality characterization of micro-textured injection moulded components for automotive interior applications." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672315.
Full textAbstract:
The present PhD thesis is framed within a collaborative project in which institutions such as the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona-Tech, the Centre Català del Plàstic and SEAT S.A have participated. The main objective of this research is to improve the surface quality of the textured injection moulded components of the car interior. To this end, a methodology that allows assessing the appearance objectively using three-dimensional characterization techniques is proposed.
The texture replication ratio of a mould cavity was first investigated. Squared samples of Polypropylene (PP) were injection moulded. It was found that the holding pressure was the most significant parameter for improving the texture replication ratio. In addition, using three-dimensional characterization techniques, it was demonstrated that the multi-scale methodology was a suitable technique to quantify the replication ratio and effectively separate the main surface components namely, roughness, waviness and form either at the macro- or the micro-scale.
Four texture types were utilized to measure the surface appearance. The first one was a leather texture, the second and the third types were obtained by applying a mould treatment on the previous original leather texture. The fourth one was obtained through a painting process. The appearance was measured using a new Total Appearance Measurement (TAM) apparatus. A relationship between topographic features such as roughness, functional height distribution (FHD), texture slope (TS) and texture aperture angle (TAA) and surface appearance properties such as gloss and reflectivity contrast was established.
Finally, the surface performance was studied by means of both scratch and mar resistance tests. The texture influence on the scratch hardness and the scratch visibility resistance was evaluated and quantified using three dimensional techniques. Topographic characteristics such as peak-to-valley symmetry and the number of micro-asperities were analysed. The results showed that surfaces with higher symmetry in their functional height distributions yield lower lightness variations (L*) between the scratch pattern and its residual background height (RBH). On the other hand, topographies with a smaller number of micro-asperities on top of the texture provided an enhanced mar resistance. In these cases, deformation mechanisms such as ironing are minimized, resulting in a lower gloss variation and lower contrast between the damaged area and its surroundings.La present tesi doctoral s'emmarca en un projecte col·laboratiu on institucions com la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona-Tech, el Centre Català de l'Plàstic i la companyia SEAT S.A han participat en el desenvolupament d'aquest projecte d'investigació. El principal objectiu d'aquesta investigació és la millora de la qualitat superficial de components injectats i texturitzats de l'interior de vehicle. Per a això es proposa una metodologia que permeti avaluar l'aparença d'una forma objectiva basant-se en tècniques tridimensionals. La ràtio de replicació de la textura del motlle va ser investigada mitjançant l'ús de tècniques basades en les tres dimensions. Provetes quadrades de polipropilè (PP) van ser injectades. Es va trobar que la pressió de manteniment era el paràmetre què més influència tenia per millorar la ràtio de replicació de la textura. A més, va ser demostrat que la metodologia d'anàlisi superficial "multi-scale" era adequada per a quantificar la ràtio de replicació i separar d'una manera efectiva els components de la superfície (rugositat, ondulació i forma) ja sigui a una escala macro o micro. Quatre tipus de textura de imitació pell van ser utilitzades per a mesurar l'aparença superficial. La primera va ser obtinguda de la textura original tipus pell, el segon i el tercer tipus va ser el resultat d'aplicar tractaments al motlle amb la textura pell original. El quart tipus de textura pell va ser obtingut mitjançant un procés de pintura. L'aparença superficial va ser avaluada per un equip nou, anomenat "Total Appearance Measurement" (TAM). Es van relacionar característiques topogràfiques com la rugositat, la distribució d'altures funcionals, l'angle de la textura i l'angle d'obertura de la textura amb propietats d'aparença com ara la brillantor superficial i el contrast de reflectivitats. Finalment, la funcionalitat de les superfícies texturitzades va ser estudiada a través de proves com la resistència al ratllat i l'efecte escriptura. La influència de la textura sobre la duresa de ratllat i la visibilitat del ratllat va ser avaluada i quantificada mitjançant l'ús de tècniques en tres dimensions. Característiques topogràfiques com la simetria pic-vall i la quantitat de micro-aspereses van ser analitzades. Els resultats van mostrar que superfícies amb una distribució de les altures funcionals simètrica tendeixen a una menor variació en la lluminositat (delta L *) entre el patró ratllat i la seva altura residual. D'altra banda, les superfícies amb menor quantitat de micro-aspereses tenen una major resistència a l'efecte escriptura. En aquests casos, el mecanisme de deformació conegut com "planxat" es minimitza, resultant en una menor variació de brillantor i contrast entre la zona danyada i els voltants.
La presente tesis doctoral se enmarca en un proyecto colaborativo donde instituciones como la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona-Tech, el Centre Català del Plàstic y la compañía SEAT S.A han participado en el desarrollo de este proyecto de investigación. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es la mejora de la calidad superficial de componentes inyectados y texturizados del interior del vehículo. Para ello se propone una metodología que permita evaluar la apariencia de una forma objetiva basándose en técnicas tridimensionales. La ratio de replicación de la textura del molde fue primero investigada mediante el uso de técnicas basadas en las tres dimensiones. Probetas cuadradas de polipropileno (PP) fueron inyectadas. Se encontró que la presión de mantenimiento era el parámetro qué más influencia tenía para mejorar la ratio de replicación de la textura. Además, fue demostrado que la metodología de análisis superficial multi-escala era adecuada para cuantificar la ratio de replicación y separar de una forma efectiva los componentes de la superficie (rugosidad, ondulación y forma) ya sea a macro o micro-escala. Cuatro tipos de textura imitación piel fueron utilizados para medir la apariencia. El primero era la textura piel original, el segundo y el tercer tipo fue el resultado de aplicar tratamientos de molde sobre la textura piel original. El cuarto tipo de textura piel fue obtenido mediante un proceso de pintura. La apariencia superficial fue evaluada por un equipo nuevo, llamado Total Appearance Measurement (TAM). Se relacionaron características topográficas como la rugosidad, la distribución de alturas funcionales, el ángulo de la textura y el ángulo de apertura de la textura con propiedades de apariencia tales como el brillo superficial y el contraste de reflectividad. Finalmente, la funcionalidad de las superficies texturizadas fue estudiada a través de pruebas como la resistencia al rayado y al efecto escritura. La influencia de la textura sobre la dureza de rayado y la visibilidad del rayado fue evaluada y cuantificada mediante el uso de técnicas en tres dimensiones. Características topográficas como la simetría pico-valle y la cantidad de micro-asperezas fueron analizadas. Los resultados mostraron que superficies con una distribución de sus Alturas funcionales simétrica tienden a una menor variación en la luminosidad (ΔL*) entre el patrón rayado y su altura residual. Por otro lado, las superficies con menor cantidad de micro-asperezas tienen una mayor resistencia al efecto escritura. En estos casos, el mecanismo de deformación conocido como “planchado” se minimiza, resultando en una menor variación de brillo y contraste entre la zona dañada y los alrededores.
Ciència i enginyeria de materials
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Salehi-Douzloo, Vahid. "An integrated approach to parametric associative design for powertrain components on the automotive industry." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558865.
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The automotive engineering process is characterized by a long and complex design process which starts with the first sketches in the preliminary design phase and proceeds to the final detailed CAD and physical models. In this process, every design phase includes different process steps and tasks which are closely interconnected with each other. Therefore the different design stages demand capable Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems which are able to handle the different kinds of design information created and manipulated in the process. Currently in automotive practice, parametric and associative (PA) CAD systems are widely applied in the product development process. Such systems allow design knowledge to be embedded in CAD models by means of rules and formulae. In addition, CAD parts and assemblies can be generated faster and easier by modification of design parameters and therefore there is a possibility to create different CAD model variants which are based on the same CAD model. The four key element of the following work are (a) to identify the problems during the design process with parametric and associative (PA) methods during a three year of study and also the analysis of the literature survey. Furthermore (b) in this study the author will develop and implement a newly developed PA design approach (PARAMASS) in a ―real‖ industrial context. Beside this the following work will (c) discuss the issues which are important during the implementation of the developed PA approach in an industrial surrounding. The last key element (d) is to develop an evaluation approach for the PARAMASS approach during the application in an industrial context. In this case the author will be able to do action research in the industry and get first hand information during the accomplishment of these key elements. This thesis presents the results of a research programme carried out using the design research methodology of Blessing and Chakrabarti, aimed at understanding the difficulties and challenges faced by designers in using PA CAD systems and then developing and evaluating an integrated approach to the creation of PA CAD models in an automotive power train design context. Firstly, this thesis presents a review of the state of the art in PA design methods and approaches and also reviews previous research on the development of methodologies for the construction of PA CAD models. It then presents results of a descriptive study of the use of PA CAD tools and methods in vehicle power train design in an automotive original equipment manufacturer and in companies in its supply chain using questionnaires, interviews, tests and other field studies with a number of practising engineers. This study identified a number of issues faced by designers in the use of PA CAD tools and allowed the requirements for improved methods for the use of PA CAD tools to be formulated and indicators identified for their evaluation. Based on the results of the descriptive study a new integrated parametric associative (PA) approach for the design process of power train components was created in a prescriptive study stage. The approach, called PARAMASS, allows designers to construct and modify models in a methodical way based on three main phases: a specification phase to prepare the relevant parameters and associative relationships, a structuring phase that allows part and assembly structures to be created and a modification phase in which the created parametric and associative information can be modified and changed. The method makes extensive use of predefined structures matrix approaches adapted from the Design Structure Matrix. The prescriptive study phase of the research was followed by a second descriptive study to evaluate and investigate in both a qualitative and quantitative way the changes achieved by the PARAMASS approach. The qualitative evaluation was based on the Goal Question Metric approach and showed that there are advantages related to the reusability aspects like learning, application and acceptance of the developed integrated approach. The quantitative evaluation was based on the Use Case approach and demonstrated good advantages in applying the developed approach, but dependent on the complexity of the created parts and assemblies.
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Krishnan, Anirudh S. M. Sloan School of Management. "Evaluation of operational models for world-class manufacturing in the Indian automotive components industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104520.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Management Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 46-48).
The automotive industry in India is among the largest sectors in the country's econony in terms of revenue and employment. Several global auto brands are looking to make inroads into one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Global auto manufacturers today are looking to set-up a manufacturing base in India to export products to markets in Asia, Europe and the U.S. To support the interest of global auto players in the Indian market, it is imperative to upgrade the manufacturing ecosystem in the country to meet global product standards. Tier 1 auto components manufacturers have played an important role in the industry by bridging the gap between indigenous manufacturing capabilities and global requirements. For the industry to progress and grow it is important to enhance the operational skillsets of tier 1 firms to have a percolating effect into lower tiers in the supply chain, thereby improving the overall environment. Through depth interviews with industry experts and surveys based on Schonberger's World Class Manufacturing framework, this thesis aims to understand the current state of operations in the Indian auto components industry and unravel what needs to be done within the next decade for the industry to become truly world-class.
by Anirudh Krishnan.
S.M. in Management Studies
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Primost, David Jonathan Andrew. "The adoption and financial implications of lean production in the UK automotive components industry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620721.
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Herbane, Brahim. "Resources, autonomy and strategy : perceptions of competitive advantage in the UK automotive components industry." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13261.
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Theory building in strategic management has traditionally suffered from strong demarcation lines. The case of the resource-based view of firm (RBV) which has emerged as an alternative approach to industry-based explanations of how organisations develop and sustain competitive advantage, particularly demonstrates this divide. Since then, these alternative views of competitive advantage have often been portrayed as mutually exclusive antagonists. This study sets out to examine the perceptions of strategic managers in the UK automotive components industry in relation to these two competing schools of thought which advocate advantage through resources (RBV) or advantage through residence (industry approaches). This industry has been chosen due to the clear potential for industry structure and internal competencies to influence competitive advantage. Using quantitative techniques, data from senior managers is analysed in order to establish the extent to which the views of industry practitioners converge or diverge with the theoretical or anecdotal offerings of the strategy literature. The findings of this thesis suggest that a complex hybrid of perceptions tends to prevail among respondents from the industry. This can be attributed to historical, operational and supply chain factors. Furthermore, the study finds that the lexicon of competitive advantage and the priorities of resources advocated in the literature are not shared by strategists in the industry. Accordingly, the study finds, strategic management theory in relation to the resource-based view requires further research using the methodology developed in this thesis as a foundation.
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Al, Shaer Ahmad Wael. "Porosity reduction and elimination in laser welding of AA6014 aluminium alloys for automotive components manufacture and industrial applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/porosity-reduction-and-elimination-in-laser-welding-of-aa6014-aluminium-alloys-for-automotive-components-manufacture-and-industrial-applications(75874ee5-b55e-4c72-a8dc-c008dcf54e28).html.
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Automotive and aerospace industries consume a significant amount of Al alloys in structures and framing. There is, however, a significant challenge to join the alloy components by laser welding. A key problem is the presence of large amount of porosity in the welds. This research work aimed to understand factors affecting porosity formation in laser welding of AA6014 Al alloy and identification and verification of a suitable method for the porosity reduction and elimination. AC-170PX (AA6014) Al alloy was welded, for the first time, using a 5 kW disk laser in two different configurations: fillet edge and flange couch joints using a number of different filler wires. The experimental results showed that laser power (2-5 kW) and welding speed (20-50 mm/s) had a significant influence on porosity generation. Also, the introduction of a 0.2 mm gap between the sheets significantly reduced porosity for the fillet edge joint while it had a marginal effect for the flange couch joint. The effect of the chemical composition of the filler wire on the AA6014 weld quality was also evaluated for the first time by using different filler wires (AA3004, AA4043, AA4047 and AA5083) over a range of laser powers and welding speeds. The increase in Mg and Mn content in the filler wire's composition was found to reduce porosity in comparison with high silicon content filler wires. Nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser cleaning was investigated as a surface preparation method for laser welding for AA6061, and its effect on porosity at various welding parameters was examined. The effect of laser cleaning on porosity reduction during laser welding using a filler wire has not been reported before. The surface characteristics before and after laser cleaning were analysed. The results showed that laser cleaning played an essential role in significantly reducing porosity in both the fillet edge and flange couch joints at different levels of power and laser welding speed. The developed surface preparation technology as a method for porosity reduction in laser welding has been successfully implemented in one of the largest UK/international car manufacturers. To study the laser cleaning process, a novel Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) meshless model has been implemented using a new 3-D multi-phase transient model. For the first time, a study was conducted to validate the temperature field distribution predicted in SPH method under nanosecond pulsed laser heating. The need for special surface treatment of the kernel truncation was also investigated. The proposed model accurately predicted the laser ablation depth and the crater shape and was validated using a significant number of experimental and numerical data reported in the literature. Moreover, a primitive laser welding model has been created to predict the material flow inside the welding pool. The research work has resulted in four publications in peer-reviewed journals. The research highlighted that future work should include the development of a more advanced SPH model for the prediction of porosity in laser welding and to fully describe the relationship between laser cleaning and porosity reduction in laser welding.
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ZHANG, XIANGXUE. "A NEW METRIC-BASED LCA METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE OF METALLIC AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/15.
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This thesis presents a new metric-based Life-cycle Assessment (LCA) method for assessing the sustainability performance of metallic automotive components. The unique feature of this research work include the development and use of a metrics-based product sustainability index (ProdSI) methodology by considering the total life-cycle approach and the triple bottom line (TBL) with the 6R methodology. It has been shown that the manufactured product’s sustainability performance can be comprehensively assessed using this new methodology. The major focus of this research is the integration of the 6R activities (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover, Redesign and Remanufacture). Four life-cycle stages of the product, with various end-of-life (EOL) product scenarios, are modeled and analyzed. These scenarios include: reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling the products at EOL. Furthermore, a new mathematical model is developed and presented to determine the optimum percentage mix for various product EOL strategic options. By using the 6R methodology, the overall product sustainability was significantly improved. This improvement was quantitatively assessed by computing the ProdSI score. Ultimately, this research shows that a closed-loop material flow can be achieved.
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Hasan, Sulaiman. "Supply chain improvement framework (SCIF)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368785.
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Zoroufi, Mehrdad. "Manufacturing process effects on fatigue design and optimization of automotive components : an analytical and experimental study." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1100121667.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2004.Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering Science." "A dissertation entitled"--at head of title. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 239-247.
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Fry, Peter-John. "Using value stream mapping to identify waste in the manufacturing of automotive components at Federal Mogul." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/271.
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This research addresses the application of Value Stream Mapping in the automotive component industry. The goal of this research is to investigate how Value Stream Mapping can identify waste, and to evaluate its benefits on a specific application instance. Value Stream Mapping is used to first map the current state and then used to identify sources of waste and to identify lean tools to try eliminate this waste. The future state map is then developed with lean tools applied to it. A South African company, Federal Mogul South Africa (FMSA), has experienced the impact of globalisation and the need to become globally competitive first hand. FMSA will be used as a case study to illustrate the impact of using Value Stream Mapping as a tool for identify waste and the need for improving the performance of a company’s value stream in achieving the international goals set for the company and its supply chain.
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Lohse-Busch, Henning. "Development and Applications of the Modular Automotive Technology Testbed (MATT) to Evaluate Hybrid Electric Powertrain Components and Energy Management Strategies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29094.
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This work describes the design, development and research applications of a Modular Automotive Technology Testbed (MATT). MATT is built to evaluate technology components in a hybrid vehicle system environment. MATT can also be utilized to evaluate energy management and torque split control strategies and to produce physical measured component losses and emissions to monitor emissions behavior.
In the automotive world, new technology components are first developed on a test bench and then they are integrated into a prototype vehicle for transient evaluation from the vehicle system perspective. This process is expensive and the prototype vehicles are typically inflexible in hardware and software configuration. MATT provides flexibility in component testing through its component module approach. The flexible combination of modules provides a vehicle environment to test and evaluate new technology components. MATT also has an open control system where any energy management and torque split strategy can be implemented. Therefore, the controlâ s impact on energy consumption and emissions can be measured. MATT can also emulate different types and sizes of vehicles. MATT is a novel, unique, flexible and powerful automotive research tool that provides hardware-based data for specific research topics.
Currently, several powertrain modules are available for use on MATT: a gasoline engine module, a hydrogen engine module, a virtual scalable energy storage and virtual scalable motor module, a manual transmission module and an automatic transmission module. The virtual battery and motor module uses some component Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) principles by utilizing a physical motor powered from the electric grid in conjunction with a real time simulation of a battery and a motor model. This module enables MATT to emulate a wide variety of vehicles, ranging from a conventional vehicle to a full performance electric vehicle with a battery pack that has virtually unlimited capacity.
A select set of PHEV research studies are described in this dissertation. One of these studies had an outcome that influenced the PHEV standard test protocol development by SAE. Another study investigated the impact of the control strategy on emissions of PHEVs. Emissions mitigation routines were integrated in the control strategies, reducing the measured emissions to SULEV limits on a full charge test.
A special component evaluation study featured in this dissertation is the transient performance characterization of a supercharged hydrogen internal combustion engine on MATT. Four constant air-fuel ratio combustions are evaluated in a conventional vehicle operation on standard drive cycles. Then, a variable air fuel ratio combustion strategy is developed and the test results show a significant fuel economy gain compared to other combustion strategies, while NOx emissions levels are kept low.Ph. D.
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Knirsch, Andreas. "Improved composability of software components through parallel hardware platforms for in-car multimedia systems." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3511.
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Recent years have witnessed a significant change to vehicular user interfaces (UI). This is the result of increased functionality, triggered by the continuous proliferation of vehicular software and computer systems. The UI represents the integration point that must fulfil particular requirements for usability despite the increased functionality. A concurrent present trend is the substitution of federated systems with integrated architectures. The steadily rising number of interacting functional components and the increasing integration density implies a growing complexity that has an effect on system development. This evolution raises demands for concepts that aid the composition of such complex and interactive embedded software systems, operated within safety critical environments. This thesis explores the requirements related to composability of software components, based on the example of In-Car Multimedia (ICM). This thesis proposes a novel software architecture that provides an integration path for next-generation ICM. The investigation begins with an examination of characteristics, existing frameworks and applied practice regarding the development and composition of ICM systems. To this end, constructive aspects are identified as potential means for improving composability of independently developed software components that differ in criticality, temporal and computational characteristics. This research examines the feasibility of partitioning software components by exploitation of parallel hardware architectures. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the applicability of encapsulated scheduling domains. These are achieved through the utilisation of multiple technologies that complement each other and provide different levels of containment, while featuring efficient communication to preserve adequate interoperability. In spite of allocating dedicated computational resources to software components, certain resources are still shared and require concurrent access. Particular attention has been paid to management of concurrent access to shared resources to consider the software components' individual criticality and derived priority. A software based resource arbiter is specified and evaluated to improve the system's determinism. Within the context of automotive interactive systems, the UI is of vital importance, as it must conceal inherent complexity to minimise driver distraction. Therefore, the architecture is enhanced with a UI compositing infrastructure to facilitate implementation of a homogenous and comprehensive look and feel despite the segregation of functionality. The core elements of the novel architecture are validated both individually and in combination through a proof-of-concept prototype. The proposed integral architecture supports the development and in particular the integration of mixed-critical and interactive systems.
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Putra, Teuku Edisah [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schramm. "Improving the Fatigue Life Prediction of Automotive Components Using Simulated Strain Signal Methods / Teuku Edisah Putra ; Betreuer: Dieter Schramm." Duisburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116941775/34.
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Pine, T. "Weight reduction in automotive structural components : an investigation into the torsional properties of steel box sections and T-joints." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638535.
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Weight reduction of the automotive structure can be enhanced by using continuous joining techniques as a means of assembly. Continuous joints increase structural rigidity and thereby overcome the loss in stiffness associated with the higher strength but thinner steels proposed for use by the automotive industry. The comparison of continuously joined structures with conventionally joined (spot welded) structures will help to determine the potential weight reduction of the automotive structure. The effects of joining technique, sheet thickness, steel strength, section area, section design and level of end constraint on the torsional properties of box sections were determined experimentally using factorial design techniques. The joining techniques investigated included adhesive bonding, weldbonding, laser welding and spot welding. Finite element models were developed using ANSYS and ABAQUS and were used to extend the scope of the test programme. T-joints, comprised of two box sections jointed at right angles, were tested experimentally using factorial design techniques, and were also analysed numerically. Joining technique, sheet thickness and section area had the most influence on box section torsional stiffness. A 44% and 10% weight reduction was estimated through downgauging and area reduction, respectively, in conjunction with the substitution of spot welding with adhesive bonding. Joint eccentricity was also identified as a factor which influenced the torsional stiffness of box sections and could also be related to weight reduction. The effect of joint eccentricity at the connection of T-joints was shown to have a major effect on the torsional stiffness and strength of T-joints. A numerical comparison between a T shaped component from a BIW with a regular T-joint was conducted. The results confirmed the validity of using simplified test pieces to represent more complex components.
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Mahmoud, Oubay. "Managerial judgement and the real options approach in the investment appraisal process : evidence from the British automotive components manufacturers." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2008. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/10309/.
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While there has been extensive research on the use of financial appraisal techniques (Pay back, Return on Capital Employed, Internal Rate of Return and Net Present Value) in the Investment Appraisal Process (lAP), little research has been conducted on the role of the Real Options Approach (ROA) and Managerial Judgement (MJ) in the IAP. In an ideal world, prior to making Strategic Investment Decisions (SIDs), a detailed analysis of the benefits generated by the investments would be conducted. This would cover financial and nonfinancial benefits. In practice, however, many investments are undertaken on the basis of financial returns with little or no analysis of the growth options embedded in the proposed investments. The exploitation of these options contributes to the enhancement of the business strategy as financial returns do. Essential to considering these options in the IAP is the deployment ofMJ inthe lAP. This thesis aims to make a sound contribution to the development of the emerging literature on capital budgeting. First, it provides a critical review of the existing investment appraisal literature. Second, it investigates whether or not British Automotive Components Manufacturers (BACMs) deploy the ROA and MJ in the lAP in order to accommodate the growth options. And fmally, it presents an alternative perspective of the IAP by the development of a conceptual framework that integrates the ROA & MJ into the lAP, while taking account ofproject risk and business strategy. This research draws on a 73-firm survey of finance directors in this industry enhanced by fieldwork (11 interviews) to set out the relative importance of the strategic approach (ROA informed by MJ) and financial analysis when making the SIDs. The findings from the survey show similar results to earlier studies in relation to the popularity of PB and the use of more than one financial technique in the lAP. However, in contrast to previous studies, DCF techniques seem to be less popular and higher usage of ROCE is evident, and no relationship is found between company size and the range and type of techniques used in the lAP. The main thrust of the findings of the statistical analysis is the absence of the formal adoption of the ROA in the IAP. However, the impact of the growth options regarding the deployment of MJ in the lAP appeared to be evident. The analysis shows that MJ is considered when assessing both investments with growth options and risky projects. The fieldwork provides insights into the context of the lAP and the factors that influence the deployment of the ROA and MJ in the lAP. Conclusions are drawn regarding the interrelationships between financial analysis and the ROA and MJ in the lAP. The integration of the ROA and MJ into the lAP appears to involve moving the focus of attention in the lAP away from financial analysis and a short-term perspective towards a more strategic perspective. More importantly, it contributes to bridging the gap between risk management and strategic analysis.
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Veyseh, Fereydoon. "Small and medium sized companies' perceptions of competitive advantage : a comparative study of China and Iran's automotive components' manufacturers." Thesis, University of East London, 2012. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3128/.
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Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are significant to the creation of sustainable economic growth and its subsequent influence on the level of employment in developing and emerging countries. Understanding the ways in which competitive advantage can be gained remains a significant issue for practitioners and academics alike (Powell, 2001). However, a definitive explanation has yet to be found, in consequence many explanations abound. This thesis is concerned with the perception, usage and structure of Competitive Advantage within Iranian automotive parts manufacturing SMEs compared to Chinese manufacturing SMEs. The background to this research is based on the fact that empirical evidence of the application of the competitive advantage concepts within the realm of small and medium sized enterprises in emerging and developing countries has been limited. The detailed data collection tools used in this research, took the form of a questionnaire and after that, face to face interviews with senior managers of Iranian and Chinese SMEs. Using data collected from senior managers of SMEs in Iran and China, this thesis examines the suitability of western theories of competitive advantage by evaluating their use in emerging and developing countries. It concludes by providing the conditions that constrain or enable competitive advantage in developing and emerging countries with a view to advance strategic practices of small and medium-sized automotive components manufacturers. Similarities and differences between the views of Iranian and Chinese managers about the competitive advantage factors are explored leading to the conclusion that they have similar view-points about most factors, except those factors such as scheduled and continuous learning process, flexibility, R&D establishment, low price competition, being active in regular markets, transportation systems, core competency and capability. According to the findings of this research, it is concluded that managers of developing and emerging countries have a high degree of understanding about competitive advantage factors. It can be established that western theories and practices of competitive advantage are applicable to SMEs of developing and emerging countries, especially in the automotive manufacturing sector.
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Wong, Wilson Kia Onn. "To what extent and why has the structure of the global automotive components industry changed since the 1980s? : an analysis of the global tyres, seats, constant velocity joints, brakes and automotive semiconductor sectors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648395.
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Jia, Jin [Verfasser], Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Frei, and Frank [Gutachter] Jenau. "Current scan methods to predict radiated emissions of automotive components according to CISPR 25 / Jin Jia. Betreuer: Stephan Frei. Gutachter: Frank Jenau." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1101606584/34.
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Ho, Hon Ping. "The Influence of Braking System Component Design Parameters on Pedal Force and Displacement Characteristics. Simulation of a passenger car brake system, focusing on the prediction of brake pedal force and displacement based on the system components and their design characteristics." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7447.
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This thesis presents an investigation of braking system characteristics, brake system performance and brake system component design parameters that influence brake pedal force / displacement characteristics as ‘felt’ by the driver in a passenger car. It includes detailed studies of individual brake system component design parameters, operation, and the linear and nonlinear characteristics of internal components through experimental study and simulation modelling. The prediction of brake pedal ‘feel’ in brake system simulation has been achieved using the simulation modelling package AMESim. Each individual brake system component was modelled individually before combining them into the whole brake system in order to identify the parameters and the internal components characteristics that influence the brake pedal ‘feel’. The simulation predictions were validated by experimentally measured data and demonstrated the accuracy of simulation modelling. Axisymmetric Finite Element Analysis (using the ABAQUS software) was used to predict the behaviour of nonlinear elastomeric internal components such as the piston seal and the booster reaction disc which was then included in the AMESim simulation model. The seal model FEA highlighted the effects of master cylinder and caliper seal deformation on the brake pedal ‘feel’. The characteristics of the brake booster reaction disc were predicted by the FEA and AMESim simulation modelling and these results highlighted the importance of the nonlinear material characteristics, and their potential contribution to brake pedal ‘feel’ improvement. A full brake system simulation model was designed, prepared, and used to predict brake system performance and to design a system with better brake pedal ‘feel’. Each of the brake system component design parameters was validated to ensure that the braking system performance was accurately predicted. The critical parameter of brake booster air valve spring stiffness was identified to improve the brake ‘pedal ‘feel’. This research has contributed to the advancement of automotive engineering by providing a method for brake system engineers to design a braking system with improved pedal ‘feel’. The simulation model can be used in the future to provide an accurate prediction of brake system performance at the design stage thereby saving time and cost.
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Sellappan, Vijay. "Computational analysis of feasibility and utility of direct-adhesion polymer-to-metal hybrid technologies for use in load bearing body-in-white automotive components." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1219852174/.
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Foulard, Stéphane. "Online and real-time load monitoring for remaining service life prediction of automotive transmissions : damage level estimation of transmission components based on a torque acquisition." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0012.
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Ce travail de recherche propose le développement et la validation d’une méthode de prédiction in-situ et temps réel de la durée de vie utile restante des engrenages de boîtes de vitesses automobiles de série. Cette méthode est destinée à être implantée dans des unités de commande électronique standards. En s’attachant tout particulièrement à proposer une solution simple, fiable, rentable et facilement transposable pour tout type de configuration, le système se base sur la combinaison d’une méthode d’acquisition des couples agissants sur la boîte de vitesses et d’une estimation continue des niveaux d’endommagement des engrenages. Un état de l’art et les fondamentaux théoriques d’une estimation de l’endommagement par une approche de contrainte nominale et une accumulation linéaire des endommagements partiels sont abordés dans un premier temps. La structure globale de l’algorithme de calcul de l’endommagement est ensuite étudiée et l’approche méthodologique adoptée pour sa mise au point expliquée. Cette dernière repose en grande partie sur un modèle complet de véhicule valide par des essais sur route et des mesures, où une attention toute particulière est portée à la représentation des changements de rapport et de la dynamique de la boîte de vitesses. Deux types de boite de vitesses sont alors considérées, une boite manuelle standard et une boite à double embrayage, et une spécification technique pour la configuration de l’algorithme ainsi qu’une analyse des besoins pour la méthode d’acquisition des couples sont formulées. En se basant sur ces études, un observateur d’état capable de reconstruire le couple agissant sur les disques d’embrayage ainsi que le couple en sortie de boite est développé et valide. Finalement, une synthèse de la méthode complète et de l’algorithme final est adressée, et les avantages économiques et écologiques liés à l’introduction de cette méthode pour des mesures de conception légère des boîtes de vitesses automobiles sont abordés et évaluésThis research work proposes the development and the validation of an online and real-time method to predict the remaining service life of the gearwheels of automotive transmissions, with the aim of implementing it on standard control units of series-production vehicles. By focusing on the proposition of a simple, reliable and easy-to-implement solution, the system relies on the combination of an acquisition method of the torques acting in the transmission and a continuous estimation of the damage levels of the gearwheels. Firstly, a state of the art and the theoretical basics are presented concerning a damage estimation based on a nominal stress concept and a linear damage accumulation. The global structure of the damage estimation algorithm is then analyzed and the methodological approach adopted for its development is explained. This is based in principal on a drivetrain model, validated with tests and measurements, where a particular attention is paid to the representation of the gear shifts and the transmission dynamics. Two types of transmissions are considered, namely a standard manual transmission and a dual clutch transmission mounted in series-production cars. Respectively a requirement analysis for the configuration of the algorithm as well as a requirement specification for the torque acquisition method are performed. On this basis, a state observer is developed and validated, which is able to reconstruct the clutch torque and the transmission output torque. Finally, a synthesis of the complete method and the final version of the algorithm are addressed, and the economic and ecological advantages of the introduction of the method in the context of lightweight design measures are discussed and evaluated
Kurzfassung Diese Dissertation beschreibt die Entwicklung einer Online- und Echtzeit-Methode zur Vorhersage der restlichen Lebensdauer von den Zahnradern eines Kraftfahrzeuggetriebes. Diese Methode ist fur eine Implementierung auf Standard-Steuergeraten vorgesehen. Durch die Fokussierung auf eine einfache, zuverlassige und leicht zu implementierende Losung beruht die Methode auf der Kombination aus einer Drehmomenterfassungsmethode und einer kontinuierlichen Vorhersage des Schadigungsniveaus der Zahnrader. Zuerst werden der Stand der Technik und die theoretischen Grundlagen von Schadigungsberechnungen basierend auf dem Nennspannungskonzept und einer linearen Schadensakkumulation dargestellt. Danach wird die globale Struktur des Schadigungsberechnungsalgorithmus gezeigt und die fur die Entwicklung ausgewahlte methodische Vorgehensweise erlautert. Diese bezieht sich grundsatzlich auf ein durch Testfahrten und Messungen verifiziertes Antriebsstrangmodell, welches besonders die Schaltungen und die Dynamik des Getriebes berucksichtigt. Ein Serien-Handschaltgetriebe und ein Serien-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe werden betrachtet. Fur diese zwei Getriebetypen werden eine Anforderungsanalyse zur Konfiguration des Algorithmus sowie eine Anforderungsspezifikation fur die Drehmomenterfassungsmethode durchgefuhrt. Auf Basis dieser Untersuchungen wird dann ein Zustandsbeobachter zur Rekonstruktion des Kupplungs- und Getriebeausgangsdrehmoments entwickelt und validiert. Infolgedessen werden eine Synthese der kompletten Methode und die Endversion des Algorithmus vorgestellt. Abschliesend werden die Wirtschaftlichkeit sowie die okologischen Vorteile in Bezug auf die Einfuhrung der Lebensdauermonitoringmethode im Rahmen von Leichtbaumasnahmen diskutiert und bewertet
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Kavalco, Patrícia Mariane. "Caracterização de material composto de matriz metálica a partir de um liga de alumínio aeronáutico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18150/tde-27012012-172742/.
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Materiais compostos de matriz metálica (CMM) vêm sendo estudados para diversas aplicações. Entretanto, pouco estudo é apresentado na sua confecção a partir de materiais reciclados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de um material composto de matriz metálica (CMM), utilizando material reciclado como matéria prima. Foram usados aparas de chapas de liga de alumínio 2024 descartados para a matriz e carbeto de silício (SiC) como reforço, sendo a produção realizada através do processo de fabricação com base na técnica de conformação por spray para possível aplicação em componentes automotivos. Foi realizado o tratamento térmico do material e a caracterização, determinando as propriedades de dureza, resistência mecânica, resistência ao desgaste, MEV e EDS. Foram ensaiadas amostras do material composto fundido e extrudado, bem como de ferro fundido de uma peça automotiva e da liga de alumínio 2024. Observou-se que o CMM ainda precisa de melhorias no processo de produção para obter propriedades de dureza e resistência que permitam que ele possa ser usado como um substituto para o ferro fundido, porém o mesmo apresentou melhores propriedades quando comparado com o material da matriz.Metal matrix composites (MMC) have been studied for several applications. However, little study is presented in its manufacture from recycled materials. This study aimed to characterize a metal matrix composite (MMC), using recycled material as raw material. Were used aluminum alloy 2024 plates clippings discarded for the matrix and silicon carbide (SiC) as reinforcement, being the production accomplished through the manufacturing process based on the technique of spray forming for possible application in automotive components. The thermal treatment and the characterization of the materia was accomplished, determining the properties of hardness, mechanical strength, wear resistance, SEM and EDS. Were tested samples of the cast and extruded composite material, as well as cast iron of an automotive part and aluminum alloy 2024. It was observed that the MMC still needs improvements in the production process to obtain properties of hardness and strength that allows it to be used as a substitute forcast iron, but it presented better properties when compared with the matrix material.
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Mendes, Hélder Elísio da Cruz. "Inovação no setor de componentes para a indústria automóvel." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6092.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisO presente estudo aborda a inovação do ponto de vista organizacional, procurando complementá-la com outras perspetivas que abordam a inovação do ponto de vista do produto, do processo e do marketing. Assim sendo, a atual investigação incide sobre um conjunto de características identificadas por Tidd et al. (2003), consideradas imprescindíveis para que a inovação possa ocorrer nas empresas, atuando como facilitadores da inovação. Este estudo tem como objetivo estudar e compreender as características organizacionais das empresas do setor de componentes para a indústria automóvel na sua ligação com os processos de inovação. Para concretizar os objetivos optou-se por uma investigação qualitativa, sustentada por dois estudos de caso em empresas do setor de componentes para a indústria automóvel. Os resultados obtidos permitem, por um lado, concluir que as características estudadas devem funcionar de forma integrada para que a inovação possa ter sucesso. Estas características devem ser geridas de forma articulada, não atribuindo valorizações diferenciadas a qualquer uma, pois todas são essenciais para garantir o êxito da empresa, potenciando a obtenção de vantagens competitivas. Por outro, as semelhanças encontradas a nível dos processos de inovação prendem-se com o facto de ambas as empresas estudadas terem uma estratégia dependente do cliente e não uma estratégia totalmente autónoma. O presente estudo permitiu-nos ainda identificar três novas características, nomeadamente orientação para o design, qualidade e perfeição (ou produção zero defeitos) e orientação para serviços pós-venda, que podem ser associadas às empresas inovadoras.
The present study focuses on innovation from an organizational point of view, trying to complement it with other perspectives that address innovation in terms of product, process and marketing. Thus, the present investigation focus on a set of characteristics identified by Tidd et al. (2003), which are considered essential for innovation to occur in companies, acting as facilitators of innovation. The objective of this study is to understand the organizational characteristics of companies that produce components for the automotive industry in its connection with the processes of innovation. To achieve the objectives, a qualitative research was undertaken, supported by two case studies performed in two companies. The results showed that the characteristics that facilitate innovation should work in an integrated way so that innovation can succeed. They should be managed in a coordinated manner not assigning different valuations to each one, because all are essential to ensure the success of the company, enhancing competitive advantage. On the other hand, the similarities found in the innovation processes relate to the fact that both companies studied have a dependent customer strategy and not a completely autonomous strategy. This study also allowed us to identify three new characteristics, namely design orientation, quality and perfection (or zero defects production) orientation and after-sales services orientation, which may be associated with innovative companies.
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Krebs, Dominic [Verfasser], and F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Henning. "Grundlagen der Pultrusion zur Fertigung von FV-Bauteilen für die Anforderungen der automobilen Großserie = Fundamentals of the Pultrusion Process for Production of FRP Components for the Requirements of Automotive Large-scale Production / Dominic Krebs ; Betreuer: F. Henning." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166234290/34.
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Klippel, Brian (Brian Phillip) 1966. "A design methodology for automotive component manufacturing systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50428.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-94).
by Brian Klippel.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Aybek, Mehmet Onur. "Transforming Models of Computation to Automotive Component Models." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285950.
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Due to the performance and capability enhancements of computer-based ser-vices in the last couple of decades, software has started to control and operate most of the functionalities in a vehicular system and offered a faster devel-opment process with the flexibility of managing more advanced computer- controlled functionality. Nevertheless, the size of the software, complexity, and safety verification issues have dramatically increased with this enormous workload as well. To overcome the excessive real-time requirements and soft- ware complexity, notions of Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE) and Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) have been conceived and tools have been developed based on these approaches.The Rubus approach, its component model Rubus Component Model (RCM), and its toolchain Rubus Integrated Component Model Development Environ- ment (Rubus ICE) have been presented to support the development of embed- ded control systems for vehicles by aiming to cover most crucial processes in real-time development that are design, analysis, and synthesis. The tool is based on the notions of CBSE, MDE, and real-time scheduling theory. On the other hand, the Synchronous Data Flow (SDF) Model of Computation (MoC)is another component model that is widely used in the design and modeling processes of applications in telecommunications, avionics, and automotive in- dustries.Even though these two approaches have many common features and they both refer to similar industry issues, there is no transition defined between these domains so far. By constituting a relation, compatibility between two widely used domains can be procured and versatile analysis tools of Rubus ICE can also be used for Synchronous Data Flow Graph (SDFG) applications. This work proposes a transformation methodology along with its steps and rules to transform an application modeled as SDFG to its RCM equivalent with the purpose of enabling the advanced analysis and synthesis Rubus ICE implements for the SDFG designs. Additionally, two benchmark examples are tested and analyzed to support the applicability and feasibility of the proposed transformation approach.På grund av prestandaförbättringar och kapacitetsförbättringar i de datorbase- rade tjänsterna under de senaste decennierna har programvaran börjat kon- trollera och driva de flesta funktionerna i ett fordonssystem och erbjöd en snabbare utvecklingsprocess med flexibiliteten att hantera mer avancerad da- torstyrd funktionalitet. Ändå har storleken på programvaran, komplexiteten och säkerhetsverifieringsfrågorna också dramatiskt ökat med denna enorma arbetsbelastning. För att övervinna de överdrivna real-time kraven och mjukva- rukomplexiteten har begreppet Component-Based Software Engineering (CB- SE) och Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) utformats och ett verktyg har ut- vecklats baserat på dessa metoder.Rubus-metoden, dess komponentmodell Rubus Component Model (RCM) och dess verktygskedja Rubus Integrated Component Model Development En- vironment (Rubus ICE) har presenterats för att stödja utvecklingen av inbyggda styrsystem till fordon genom syftet att täcka de mest avgörande processerna i real-time utveckling såsom design, analys och syntes. Verktyget är baserat på begreppen CBSE, MDE och real-time schemaläggningsteori . Å andra sidan är Synchronous Data Flow (SDF) Model of Computation (MoC) en annan kom- ponentmodell som används i stor utsträckning i design- och modelleringspro- cesser för applikationer inom telekommunikation, flygteknik och fordonsin- dustrin.Även om dessa två tillvägagångssätt har många gemensamma funktioner och de båda hänvisar till liknande industrifrågor, finns det ingen övergång de- finierad mellan dessa domäner hittills. Genom att skapa en relation kan kom- patibilitet mellan två allmänt använda domäner upphandlas och mångsidiga analysverktyg för Rubus ICE kan också användas för Synchronous Data Flow Graph (SDFG) -applikationer.Detta arbete föreslår en transformationsmetodik tillsammans med dess steg och regler för att transformera en applikation vilken är modellerad som SDFG till dess RCM-ekvivalent i syfte att möjliggöra avancerad analys och syntes Rubus ICE-implementeringar för SDFG-designs. Dessutom testas och analy- seras två benchmark exempel för att stödja tillämpligheten och genomförbar-heten av den föreslagna transformationsstrategin.
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Makanda, Ziphozihle Marius. "Improving knowledge sharing at an automotive component manufacturer." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6579.
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In this study the survey was conducted at an automotive component manufacturer to examine the theory about what influence knowledge sharing within an organisation. The evaluation would assist in improving knowledge sharing by indicating which strategies are appropriate for management to enhance knowledge sharing within the organisation. Organisations lose expertise and knowledge because of employee movements and old employees that have retired. The literature review was done as a guidance to test what influences employees to share their knowledge. Based on the survey and literature study that was conducted it was concluded that by making resources available, employee personality traits, giving employee recognition, encouraging better social environment within the organisation and job design that would make it easy for knowledge to flow amongst employees that will elevate knowledge sharing within the organisation. The conclusion and recommendation were formulated for management at the end of the study.