Academic literature on the topic 'Automobiles – Soudage'
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Journal articles on the topic "Automobiles – Soudage":
BOUZEKRI, Mohamed. "Soudage MAG dans l'industrie automobile." Travail des matériaux - Assemblage, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51257/a-v1-bm7731.
BRISTIEL, Philippe. "Simulation numérique du soudage - Application au cas industriel d'une traverse arrière automobile." Travail des matériaux - Assemblage, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.51257/a-v1-bm7762.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automobiles – Soudage":
Khalil, Chady. "Développement du procédé de soudage par impulsion magnétique pour soudage hétérogène bimétallique et pour assemblage hybride métal / composite." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0031.
Reducing CO2 emissions and improving performance are still the main goals of the automotive industry. To achieve these objectives, automotive suppliers are still seeking to lighten the structures through the use of heterogeneous materials that have evolved in recent decades. We find today in one vehicle mild steels, very high strength steels, light alloys such as aluminum and magnesium alloys as well as fiber reinforces polymeric composites. The presence of dissimilar materials arises several challenges regarding both the heteregeneous metal assemblies and hybrid metal / composites assemblies. The differences in the mechanical, thermal and chemical properties of the various materials limit the use of traditional assembly techniques, i.e. mechanical assembly, fusion welding and adhesive bonding, and thus the development of new assembly solutions is required. In this context, this study aims to meet the challenges of heterogeneous metal welding and aims to develop two new original hybrid metal / composite assembly solutions using the magnetic pulse welding process
Abbadi, Zouhir. "Modélisation prédictive de l'amortissement dans les modèles vibroacoustiques de caisses automobiles pour la réduction du bruit et vibrations." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ECAP1018.
Beck, Léon. "Modélisation et caractérisation de l'endommagement jusqu'à la rupture de l'assemblage structurel soudé par points." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REIMS053.
In the automotive industry, the demand for complex and innovative products by customers is growing, which presents development challenges. Simulation allows testing of vehicle structures and components before physical construction, saving time and resources. This innovation allows the automotive industry to advance rapidly and push its boundaries. Mercedes-Benz is a leader in designing durable vehicles. An important part of car design involves digitally modelling the connections between metal sheets in the body structure, which is mainly done through spot welds. The number of spot welds varies from 3000 to more than 5000. Precise spot welds modelling allows accurate sizing of the sheets and spot welds in the early stages, resulting in time and cost savings in a vehicle’s design phase.The latest technical innovations in the simulation and assembly of sheet metal consider various thicknesses and types of materials. Up to day, the company's current model does not include such improvements in the evaluation of spot weld strength. The objective of the present work is, therefore, to develop a better model. The goal is to simulate the robustness of spot welds assemblies, while ascertaining their capacity to endure stresses and calculating failure.A first study has been carried out to explore the various spot weld models used in industry. Numerous models can be classified according to their geometric representations, in particular circular, square and linear models. Each of those representations has its own advantages and disadvantages. The models based on a circular representation stand out when it comes to very precise models. However, their complex representation makes them difficult to integrate into a body-in-white. The two other representations particularly caught our attention: one using hexahedral elements with a specific material map and, respectively, one using bar-type elements with a dedicated search zone for simple integration into the assembly. These two representations present advantages and disadvantages, particularly in terms of independence from the mesh and mechanical behaviour.The idea of this work is to merge the advantages from both these representations A cohesive type element with a hexahedral shape based on the use of 3D Timoshenko beam type formulation defining the height of the weld zone. The developments were carried out on ABAQUS. This method allowed us to obtain an elastic model of our structure to be built up from the four edges, as well as a function for measuring the failure of the spot weld.To calibrate this new element, several test cases have been identified and simulated, including KSII, shear and peel tests. These series of tests aimed to verify the adaptation of the element to configurations of materials and thicknesses. Further simulations with varying mesh sizes set in evidence a phenomenon of mesh dependency, as in the models previously analysed. Therefore, a solution has been developed to include a zone of shell elements around our new element, which reduces the influence of the mesh.This latter process allowed us to calculate our hybrid element on different body-in-whites to validate our model on complex structures. The conducted simulations provided a good representation of reality. Differences are still noticeable in places, which can be explained by the fact that the material map developed with the hybrid model has not been calibrated for all possible combinations.This research represents a notable step forward in spot weld modelling, with promising results for a further application in [the company’s model?]. The creation of a hybrid model that can adapt to different mesh sizes and controls all degrees of freedom is a substantial achievement. Nonetheless, the precision and robustness of spot weld behaviour modelling may be further enhanced for considering an industrial application
Villaret, Vincent. "Etude de soudabilité d’un acier inoxydable ferritique (19 % Cr, 2 % Mo, Nb) appliqué aux collecteurs d’échappements." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20261/document.
The objective of this work is to develop a filler metal and an associated welding procedure allowing to join sheets of steels K44X for the manufacturing of exhaust manifolds for automotive. The properties of the steel K44X having been optimized to answer at best the constraints of the application, the welding conditions will have to, as possible, avoid degrading the characteristics of the steel, in particular in terms of mechanical strength with high temperature, oxidation resistance and in thermal fatigue.This report is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is dedicated to a synthetic presentation of the evolutions in the field of the manufacturing of the automotive exhaust manifolds, and current knowledge in the domains of ferritic stainless steels and its weldability, and in arc welding processes.The second chapter presents the characteristics of the steel K44X and the problem of the study, then described the work of elaboration of the filler metals with various compositions. As well as the results of a preliminary characterization of the welds obtained with the various materials.The chapter 3 is about the characterization of the in-service behavior of the assembly stemming from the previous chapter. The tests of oxidation, hot traction on molten zone of the welds or on complete assemblies, and of thermal fatigue, used to realize this characterization are described, and the associated results are discussed. The end of this chapter is dedicated to the characterization of precipitates formed in the molten zones.Finally, the last chapter is dedicated to the thermal modelling of the welding and to the modelling of the solidification, with the aim of trying to predict the type of microstructure of molten zone formed during a welding operation, according to the process parameters. This modelling, based on the results of a instrumented experimental test of welding, has to allow in particular to predict if the welding conditions, for a given composition of steel, allow or not to form a structure of grains equiaxed in molten zone of the welds
Arif, Waseem. "Modélisation numérique d'assemblage soudé par laser de châssis pour sièges de voiture, sous sollicitations dynamiques." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0001/document.
Nowadays environmental policies have become more strict towards the automotive industry to reduce the CO2 emission, therefore lightweight structures using high strength materials have become of great interest. Two different FE models namely “Solid Refine Model” (SRM) and “Shell Coarse Model” (SCM) have been developed and are being used as standard models by Faurecia Automotive Seating (Caligny). The SRM is capable to predict accurately the local welding behavior but unfortunately, due to its high computational cost, the SRM is not suitable for a full car seat modeling. On the other hand, the SCM is computationally efficient but it cannot predict the weld line behaviour. The aim of the present thesis is to develop a multimaterial FE model within the Ls-dyna commercial software, which will enhance the SCM to allow the accurate prediction of weld line behavior until failure with a reasonable computational cost. The standard quadrilateral shell FE is developed and enriched using a recently developed method called the “Interpolation Covers Method” (ICM) to capture the solution gradients accurately without mesh refinement. An elasto-plastic material model is developed within Ls-dyna commercial software which takes into account two different materials namely BM and HAZ inside a single shell element. The Generalized Incremental Stress State dependent damage Model has been implemented as a UMAT within Ls-dyna commercial software to predict the weld line failure in SCM. The different developments have allowed the SCM to become able to predict the complex behavior of the welded line accurately until failure, at low computational cost compatible with the industrial needs
Dancette, Sylvain. "Comportement mécanique des soudures par points : mécanismes et stratégies de prédiction dans le cas des tôles en acier pour automobile." Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0039/these.pdf.
Predicting the strength of Advanced High Strength Steels resistance spot welds is a huge challenge in the automotive industry. Indeed, the crash properties of a car body structure depends on the performance of the welded joints. A first step in the PhD work consisted in a statistical analysis of experimental spot welding data available at ArcelorMittal in order to get insights into spot welds mechanical behaviour. An empirical model was proposed for the prediction of spot welds strength. An experimental protocol was developed to overcome the limits of such a model and obtain a better understanding of failure mechanisms. Interrupted Cross Tension and Tensile Shear tests were performed and spot welds failure was investigated with optical micrographs, SEM fractography and 3D-tomography in order to follow the three-dimensional crack paths due to the complex loading modes. A limited number of failure zones and damage mechanisms could be distinguished. Next, a Finite Elements model of spot welds behaviour was developed, requiring an appropriate description of Heat Affected Zones mechanical properties. This has been obtained by experimental simulations of the spot welding thermal cycles with a Gleeble machine followed by classical mechanical tests. Spot welds strength and failure type could be predicted as a function of the geometrical features the weld assembly and the loading mode
Mainnemare, Florian. "Modélisation du point de soudure électrique pour la tenue en service des structures automobiles." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPAST091.
The electric spot weld is a small object (4 to 8 mm) but it is repeated a large number of times in the automotive structure (about 5000 times). Moreover, as the structure has dimensions of several meters, it is necessary to mesh the numerical model relatively coarsely (mesh size of about 5 mm) in order to limit the computational cost associated with the design loading cases. Therefore, a numerical model of the electric spot weld with a low-cost is required. The model must also allow access to local stress fields with the best possible accuracy for the fatigue analysis, for which the electric spot weld is one of the main weak points of the structure. However, the apparent geometrical simplicity of the electric spot weld has led to the use of very simple models to represent it, which do not give a good estimate of the lifetime of some electric spot welds located too close to geometrical or structural details (sheet metal edge, curved edge, hole, other electric spot weld, glue bead, etc.) or subjected to solicitations that are not well taken into account, such as torsion. Finally, the electric spot weld model must be at a low numerical cost but accurate both in its stiffness and in its local stress estimation, for all loading configurations.Thus, the objective of this thesis is to propose an electric spot weld model, which accurately represents the real stiffness on the one hand and the local stress quantities on the other hand. This model must be developed from commercial calculation tools and be easily integrated into them. It is mainly intended for fatigue analysis but it would be advantageous if it could also be used for vibration analysis.In this work, we propose a generic methodology for modeling the electric spot weld, in a shell automotive structure environment, to accurately and efficiently estimate the fatigue life. On the one hand, a super-element type connector model based on an underlying fine 3D modeling is proposed : this choice allows to obtain an equivalent stiffness representative of a 3D model with an obviously lower cost. On the other hand, a method for reconstructing the local stress from the connector displacements is developed. This method uses a POD algorithm in the sense of the energy norm that extracts information from a learning basis and sorts it according to its mechanical contribution. The learning basis is built from a carefully chosen library of loads that can be applied to the electric spot weld. It can be renewed according to the geometrical or structural evolutions of the electric spot weld environment. We show that our method gives an accurate estimate of the stress, with a strong mechanical sense that could be taken advantage of during fatigue design. The development of this work has been done in the commercial codes Nastran®, Abaqus® and Matlab®
Yin, Qingdong. "Influence de la composition chimique sur la formation de la microstructure et les caractéristiques mécaniques de soudures en aciers emboutissables à chaud." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0088.
This thesis is focused on the study of welded steel grades deformed by hot stamping. Typically, a laser welded blank is formed by butt joining two steel sheets, which can be identical or differ in chemical composition and/or sheet thickness. Such laser welded blank solution offers excellent crash performance, significant CO2 emission reduction and passive car safety thus it is of great interest for the automotive industry. The laser welding process may induce chemical and metallurgical heterogeneities arising from an incomplete mixture of the two base metals and from the thermal cycle conditions during welding and the subsequent heat treatment. The mechanical behaviour of the weld is therefore determined by the mixing quality, the chemical composition and the thermal cycle.The first part of the study aims at the quantification of the weld heterogeneity and the characterisation of the resulting microstructure. In this work, a new method is proposed to study the metallurgical and mechanical behaviour of those heterogeneous welds, by elaborating synthetic casted alloys representative of the different chemical compositions that can be locally found in the weld. The behaviour of the weld is then reconstructed from the results obtained from the characterisation of those synthetic casted alloys. The second part of the study concerns the understanding of the microstructure formation in the molten zone before and after a thermo-mechanical treatment which replicates the hot stamping conditions. Quantitative models have been established to calculate the phase transformation temperatures, the proportion of the principal constituents in the microstructure, and hardness of the weld as a function of chemical composition and thermal cycle parameters. The last part of the study is dedicated to the evaluation of the mechanical behaviour of the synthetic alloys after heat treatment. The constitutive material behaviour laws for each alloy have been identified. The sensitivity to brittle cleavage fracture has been assessed by tensile tests on severely notched bars. The constitutive material models are then applied to determine the sensitivity of the weld to geometrical defects under uniaxial loading
Coelho, Fabricio dal Cero. "Maîtrise de la tenue en fatigue des cordons de soudure." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0016/document.
Automotive chassis are composed mostly of welded parts subjected to complex multiaxial loadings.Welds are potential sites to initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks because of their particular geometry andtransformations induced by manufacturing process. A reliable and tractable fatigue design methodology is achallenge for automotive industry designers because it allows detecting the critical points from the upstreamphase, avoiding oversizing and reducing the number of physical prototypes.This study is divided into two parts allowing the distinction of effects induced by multiaxial loadingsand particular characteristics of the welded joints. The first part focuses on the complex multiaxial loading. Thebehavior of a “well known material”, the 1045 steel, is studied under "automobile" spectrum loading. Differentfatigue life prediction methods are compared under two criteria: quality of prediction and simplicity of use. Thesecond part focuses on the study of behavior and fatigue life simulation of welded structures. To achieve thisgoal, a representative specimen of chassis parts and manufacturing process has been designed. A representativeFE model is constructed, based on micrographic observations and instrumented tests. Two loading modes areused in fatigue tests in order to activate different damage mechanisms at constant amplitude and under"automobile" spectrum.Finally, the methodology "Weld Stress Gradient" is proposed to incorporate in fatigue analysis theeffect of the stress gradient at the vicinity of weld joints critical points. This methodology, combined with Vucriterion (taking into account complex loadings) and "DCA" nonlinear cumulative damage rule (taking intoaccount interaction between spectrum loading blocks), provides encouraging results for the studied specimen
Duraffourg, Simon. "Analyse de la tenue en endurance de caisses automobiles soumises à des profils de mission sévérisés." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1142.
A body-in-white (biw) is a complex structure which consists of several elements that are made of different materials and assembled mainly by spot welds, generally above 80%. At the design stage, several criteria must be verified numerically and experimentally by the car prototype, as the biw durability. In the current economic context, the policy of reducing energy and other costs led automotive companies to optimize the vehicle performances, in particular by reducing very consistently the mass of the biw. As a consequences, some structural design problems appeared. In order to be validated, validation test benches are carried out upstream on a prototype vehicle. They are very costly to the manufacturer, especially when fatigue tests do not confirm the cracks areas identified by numerical simulations. The thesis is focused on numerical biw durability analysis. It covers all the numerical analysis to be implemented to study the biw durability behavior. The main objective is to develop a numerical simulation process to ensure a good level of durability prediction. It means to be able to have a good correlation level between test bench results and numerical fatigue life prediction. This thesis has led to:_ analyze the biw mechanical behavior and the excitation forces applied to the biw during the validation tests,_ establish a new fatigue data editing technique to simplify load signal,_ create a new finite element spot weld model,_ develop a new fatigue life prediction of spot welds. The studies have thus improved the level of biw fatigue life prediction by:_ identifying the majority of critical areas on the full biw,_ reliably assessing the relative criticality of each area,_ accurately estimating the lifetime associated with each of these areas