Journal articles: 'Automobiles Parts Design and construction Quality control'

1

Ling, Jin. "Research and Realization of Automobile Transmission Quality Information Technology of Internet of Things Based on Traceability." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.743.

Full text

Abstract:

This research mainly according to automotive modular production characteristic, proposed for tracing method module production in batches; parts relation and order information system construction of internal and external traceability system model; using the mass matrix and the batch list theory, research on the above two kinds of design theory of quality traceability scheme based on distributed management system, and establish the integrated application model and parts material network technology suppliers; tracing back combined back and realize the goal of batches of the product quality control in advance and the defects of the products. Through the research on the theory of reference to the use of the Internet of things technology, technology focus of the study lies in the application of IDEF modeling method, the integrated use of Excel's powerful data processing tools and Pareto Diagram, combined with the RFID tag technology, and achieve the goal of defective product traceability and batch tracking combined. The key technology for the RFID radio frequency technology, the IDEF method and the two dimensional code identification etc.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Gjørv, Odd E. "Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Concrete Durability." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.76.

Full text

Abstract:

The durability of concrete structures in severe environments is not only related to design and materials but also to construction. Thus, much of the observed durability problems can be ascribed due to lack of proper quality control and quality assurance during concrete construction resulting in poorly achieved construction quality. Upon completion of new concrete structures, the achieved construction quality typically shows a high scatter and variability, and during operation of the structures, any weaknesses and deficiencies will soon be revealed whatever durability specifications and materials have been applied. To a certain extent, a probability approach to the durability design can accommodate the high scatter and variability. However, a numerical approach alone is insufficient for ensuring the durability; greater control and improvements in durability also require the specification of performance-based durability requirements which can be verified and controlled during concrete construction in order to achieve quality assurance. For new major concrete infrastructure, documentation of achieved construction quality and compliance to the durability specification should be essential parts of any rational approach to controlling and increasing the durability. In the present paper, a case study is presented which provides comparisons of work performed under performance and prescriptive durability specifications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Liao, Yi, Haibo Huang, Guangbao Chang, Deyang Luo, Chuanlai Xu, Yudong Wu, and Jiyou Tang. "Research on Low-Frequency Noise Control of Automobiles Based on Acoustic Metamaterial." Materials 15, no. 9 (May 1, 2022): 3261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093261.

Full text

Abstract:

With the transformation of the trend of vehicle electrification, the overall noise level in the vehicle is gradually reduced. The problem of low-frequency noise in the vehicle, which was previously ignored, is becoming more and more prominent. To solve the vehicle low-frequency noise problem, a combination of real-vehicle tests and simulation analysis is carried out. During the test, the driver and passengers feel that there is a relatively obvious low-frequency roar noise in the car, which results from the structural radiation noise of the trunk door vibration. Therefore, to solve this problem, we design an acoustic metamaterial with lightweight and miniaturized features based on the local resonance principle of phononic crystals. Firstly, the selection of the resonant unit configuration and the design of the band gap are implemented. Then, the layout planning of the whole vehicle, the layout of the resonance unit and the design of the base frame are implemented. The actual vehicle test results show that: after attaching the designed acoustic metamaterial, the low-frequency noise sound pressure levels in the front and rear of the vehicle were reduced by 2.0 dB (A) and 2.3 dB (A), respectively, meanwhile, the interior noise sound quality was improved. The sound pressure level at the driver’s right ear in the car has an abnormal peak of around 35Hz. In addition, the driver and passengers feel that there is a relatively obvious low-frequency roar noise in the car, and through low-pass filtering of the collected signals, it is confirmed that the peak frequency is the main cause of the low-frequency roar in the car. The low-frequency steady-state noise of the car is generally considered to be the low-frequency vibration of the body panel and the radiation occurs. Through the finite element simulation analysis (Grid Participation Analysis) of the abnormal peak frequency, the results show that the low-frequency roar is caused by the low-frequency vibration of the tailgate sheet metal, and the problem peak frequency is not coupled with the acoustic cavity mode. Facing the problem of the low-frequency roar radiated into the car by the vibration of the tailgate sheet metal parts, based on the local resonance band gap theory, we developed a design to suppress the 35 Hz vibration of the tailgate sheet metal parts and meet the characteristics of lightweight and miniaturization. By attaching the acoustic metamaterial to the tailgate and performing CAE simulation of the whole vehicle, it is determined that the structure can indeed reduce the 35 Hz noise in the car and the peak value of the tailgate sheet metal vibration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Dharsono, Mulyadi Sugih. "Information System Design on Project Supervision Related to Quality Control Effectiveness Using Android-Based Smartphone Applications." Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 11 (December 8, 2021): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2021.v09i11.002.

Full text

Abstract:

Quality Control efforts are one of the preventive efforts to anticipate quality degradation and procedural errors carried out and to find out whether Quality Control is running well or not, an integrated application monitoring is needed so that its perFormance can be analyzed. This study aims to design an inFormation system to improve the monitoring of Quality Control in the construction construction process by producing accurate and real time data that is very much needed in decision making. The research method is carried out by making an integrated application design via a smartphone consisting of three very important parts, namely the work method or standard operating procedure, Quality Control in defect management and monitoring of the global positioning system where the Building Inspector is in monitoring. Based on the results of the application design, the results obtained are in the Form of a blueprint that can be run on project supervision. This application will assist in the process of the correct method of implementation with good results in realtime.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wei, Hua, Feng Zhou Wang, and Chuan Hua Huang. "The Design of Drug Circulation Quality and Safety Control System Based on the Internet of Things." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1957–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1957.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analyzes the main management problems in drug circulation quality among pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises, and provides the construction strategy for a comprehensive quality safety control system of medicine circulation from a macro perspective. Based on the characteristics and function requirements of drug circulation management, it depicts structure model of the system, which includes three parts: sub-system of production management, perception management, and the regulatory decision-making. This paper mainly illustrates the design and research idea of the sub-system of sensor network and multi sensor management to meet the demand for the drug monitoring in circulation among pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises, that is early monitoring and warning in advance, rapid response and post evaluation and summary. The research results herein can offer beneficial reference in the further development for the system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Yousef, Zargham Fazel-Niari, Gholamhosein Shahgoli, and Malek Bavafa. "Design and Construction of a High Speed Inter-Row Cultivator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 4914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.4914.

Full text

Abstract:

In many parts of the world, row crops are treated with herbicides. Because of environmental concerns, crop cultivation is suggested as an excellent method of weed control. The object of this study was to design and construct a high speed inter-row cultivator. The speed of plowing has a significant effect not only on the depth of plowing but on factors which affect the quality of soil preparation such as loosening of the upper soil layer, cutting roots of the previous crops, covering and plowing in of weeds, leveling the finished surface of the field, displacement of the son layer and so on. In this study, the designed and constructed cultivator has a toolbar, unit frame, disk coulter and a flat sweep. The unit frame is attached to a tractor mounted tool bar by a suspension linkage. The suspension linkage allows the unit frame to move up and down relative to a tool bar that the cultivator unit is attached to. The numerical analysis was performed with COSMOS/M 1.71 FEM software (Structural Research and Analysis Corporation, CA).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Matenga, Alice Elizabeth, and Khumbulani Mpofu. "Blockchain-Based Cloud Manufacturing SCM System for Collaborative Enterprise Manufacturing: A Case Study of Transport Manufacturing." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 8664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178664.

Full text

Abstract:

Sheet metal part manufacture is a precursor to various upstream assembly processes, including the manufacturing of mechanical and body parts of railcars, automobiles, ships, etc., in the transport manufacturing sector. The (re)manufacturing of railcars comprises a multi-tier manufacturing supply chain, mainly supported by local small and medium enterprises (SMEs), where siloed information leads to information disintegration between supplier and manufacturer. Technology spillovers in information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) are disrupting traditional supply chains, leading to a sustainable digital economy, driven by new innovations and business models in manufacturing. This paper presents application of industrial DevOps by merging industry 4.0 technologies for collaborative and sustainable supply chains. A blockchain-based information system (IS) and a cloud manufacturing (CM) process system were integrated, for a supply chain management (SCM) system for the railcar manufacturer. A systems thinking methodology was used to identify the multi-hierarchical system, and a domain-driven design approach (DDD) was applied to develop the event-driven microservice architecture (MSA). The result is a blockchain-based cloud manufacturing as a service (BCMaaS) SCM system for outsourcing part production for boxed sheet metal parts. In conclusion, the BCMaaS system performs part provenance, traceability, and analytics in real time for improved quality control, inventory management, and audit reliability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Rasmussen, Troels A., and Timothy Merritt. "ProjecTables: Augmented CNC tools for sustainable creative practices." International Journal of Architectural Computing 16, no. 3 (September 2018): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077118792356.

Full text

Abstract:

Computer numerical control (CNC) cutting machines have become essential tools for designers and architects enabling rapid prototyping, model building, and production of high-quality components. Designers often cut from new materials, discarding the irregularly shaped remains. We introduce ProjecTables, a visual augmented reality system for interactive packing of model parts onto sheet materials. ProjecTables enables designers to (re)use scrap materials for computer numerical control cutting that would have been previously thrown away, at the same time supporting esthetic choices related to wood grain, avoiding surface blemishes, and other relevant material properties. We conducted evaluations of ProjecTables with design students from Aarhus School of Architecture, demonstrating that participants could quickly and easily place and orient model parts reducing material waste. Contextual interviews and ideation sessions led to a deeper understanding of current work practices and sustainability issues with computer numerical control cutting machines and identified useful features for interactive packing to reduce waste while supporting esthetic concerns for exhibition quality design projects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Tuleshov, Amandyk, Nutpulla Jamalov, Nurbibi Imanbayeva, and Ayaulym Rakhmatulina. "Design and construction of a multifunctional disinfection robot." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (115) (January 26, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252045.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper proposes a robot designed for automated routine or emergency disinfection in closed premises. The robot is related to the combined type robots. The robot consists of two functional parts: a universal mobile platform (lower part) and a disinfector (upper part), which, if necessary, can be freely moved by personnel on 4 wheels. In the initial position, the upper part of the disinfection robot is at the charging station. The mobile robot drives up to the disinfector, «hooks» it (puts it on itself) and moves along the planned route. The upper part of the disinfector will have its own independent intelligent system, separate from the mobile robot, which, when a person is recognized, stops liquid disinfection: in this case, the UV lamps turn through 180°, the cylindrical body closes and ventilation of the disinfected air from the enclosed space is turned on. In addition, liquid disinfection is only enabled when detecting beds, tables and chairs. With the spray nozzles located at a height of 400 mm, the disinfector can carry out a simultaneous combined treatment of rooms with equipment and furniture, including high-quality processing of the lower surfaces of tables, chairs and beds. To improve the functional characteristics of robotic disinfectors and to simplify their design, a multifunctional robotic disinfector has been proposed. It was found that the result is achieved by the fact that in a multifunctional disinfection robot containing a mobile cart with an autonomous positioning and navigation system, a disinfection platform with a disinfection liquid spraying system and UV lamps with reflectors installed on it, the disinfection platform will have its own autonomous control and power systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Shi, Chenglin, Yong Wang, Chunli Wu, and Wenzhu Song. "Study on the Mechanical Properties and Design Parameters of Floor Slabs Waste Subgrade Filler." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (March 17, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4913825.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent years, there have been more and more studies on the use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as subgrade filler. The physical performance indexes of a single material of floor slabs waste (FSW) are studied, which meet the requirements of subgrade specification. From the perspective of construction quality control, it is proposed that when FSW is used as subgrade filler, the compaction thickness and the maximum allowable particle size should be controlled according to different layers, and the gradation of subgrade filler is evaluated by using the nonuniformity coefficient (Cu) and curvature coefficient (Cc). The compaction test of FSW shows that the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of different gradations do not change much. The crushing value under the freeze-thaw cycle is proposed to evaluate the frost resistance of FSW. The crushing value of FSW after water absorption and frost heaving changes a little. The CBR and resilience modulus tests were carried out on the FSW such that the results show that they have a good relationship and the relevant expressions under different compaction degrees are fitted. When performing on-site compaction testing, it is proposed that the upper roadbed adopts the sand replacement method according to the different layers of the FSW subgrade and the settlement discrepancy method should be adopted for other parts. Through laboratory tests and construction field detective, the quality control requirements, road performance indexes, and design indexes of FSW materials are put forward.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Song, Xiaosheng, Shuo Wang, and Xiaosheng Song. "Design and Analysis of a Concrete Placer for Optimize the Craft of Infilled Walls’S Constructional Column." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 29, 2015): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010950.

Full text

Abstract:

Aiming at the construction of infill wall structural column are often used in artificial layer pouring method and top pouring back method, to improve the structure of wall column concrete pouring process, puts forward a new type of structural column concrete pouring machine. The application of this equipment, process worker can finish pouring filled wall structure column and tap filled wall structure column and unloading modulus. Reduces the labor intensity, reduces the construction cost and ensure the construction quality of frame pillar structure, realizes the structural column placement by artificial into mechanization. Introduces the design concept and the design of machinery equipment. Put forward a kind of "mixed Vibration, Lifting and Transmission" design concept. The mechanical design including a pumping device, transmission device, track lifting device, transmission device, vibration device, supporting steel template module six. Describes the structure and function of the main components of the. Describes the use of the method and the working principle of the equipment. And correlation analysis and calculation on the key parts. Presents the control principle and control calculation. Through the 3D MAX animation simulation and real structures is feasible

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Timchenko, Vladimir S., Vladimir A. Volkodav, Ivan A. Volkodav, Olga V. Timchenko, and Nikita A. Osipov. "Development of building information classifier elements to create and maintain information models of capital construction objects in terms of design processes, construction process management and construction information." Vestnik MGSU, no. 7 (July 2021): 926–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.7.926-954.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction. Integral approach to the application of construction information in the creation and maintenance of information models of capital construction objects is key in the constant development of construction activities. Besides, according to the global trends, the direct implementation of construction activity including construction of especially complicated and unique objects and typification of classical ones requires application of a unified system of building information classification to optimize duration, costs and improve the quality of the constructed object. Development of the Russian classifier of building information was the first step in this direction allowing to make a tool which is the unified system of building information classification generally available. The Russian building information classifier developed in 2020 contains a lot of elements among which we can distinguish those groups which allow to manage the cost, duration and quality of the future capital construction object both at the early stages of its life cycle and later: management processes, design processes and information. Materials and methods. International systems of classification of building information that have found wide practical application in the field of construction: OmniClass (USA), Uniclass 2015 (Great Britain), CCS (Denmark) and CoClass (Sweden) are considered. The analysis of the structures and composition of existing classification systems, as well as the analysis of the current regulatory and technical framework in the Russian Federation in the field of construction in areas related to the management of processes, design of capital construction object and its information entities. Results. Taking into account the analysis and generalization of world practice in the field of construction, and classification of building information, parts of the building information classifier adapted to the specifics of the national base of normative and technical documentation in construction, applicable to the design and management of capital construction object, as well as for its description, were developed. The structure recommended by the standard ISO 12006-2:2015 is adopted as the basis for such classification tables of the building information classifier. When developing the composition of the classifier, the requirements for unification and standardization of existing national classifiers and experience in the construction industry on domestic and foreign objects were taken into account. Classification tables of the building information classifier for the two areas of activity in construction (Management, Design) and a classification table describing the information entities of the capital construction object were developed. Conclusions. Classification tables “Process Management”, “Design Processes”, “Information” of the building information classifier in the developed structures and composition provide the formation of a unified structure of management and design of capital construction object, allowing to combine its parts for adaptation to the requirements of a particular object and organization. Thus, providing an opportunity to optimize its technical and economic indicators, including the duration of construction and the cost of the object in the extent of its life cycle, to develop a tool for typing design and management processes, including planning tools and quality and cost control. An additional tool for the interrelation of various activities in construction (e.g., design, operation, construction, etc.) is the developed classification table “Information”, which describes the information entities of the capital construction object.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Nyakala, Kgashane Stephen, Thinandavha Thomas Munyai, Jan-Harm Pretorius, and Andre Vermeulen. "Significant Factors Influencing Quality Assurance Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Construction Projects in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 11, no. 2(J) (May 13, 2019): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v11i2(j).2816.

Full text

Abstract:

Although implementing quality assurance (QA) processes in construction play an important role in the South African economy has been acknowledged. However, constructions SMEs are faced with difficulties in improving rural road infrastructure and high-quality roads. Additionally, past research has failed to reach consensus on the construction process and socioeconomic settings in previously disadvantaged areas in South Africa, including the factors influencing negatively the performance of such factors. This research examines what factors facilitate or inhibit the success of construction SMEs and what actions can be taken to being distressed construction SMEs under control. The study adopted a quantitative research approach in which a three-section questionnaire was administered to 160 purposively chosen road- building experts in a South African construction SMEs. The questionnaire was structured into three parts, which sought the participantsâ€™ profile, identified the quality assurance practices (QAPs) incorporated in the construction SMEsâ€™ road building programmes, and identified the factors that negatively influence the implementation of QA processes. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Furthermore, to determine the reliability of the various constructs, mean scores, descriptive statistics and standard deviations were obtained. The empirical findings established eight QAPs that were reliable and valid for implementation processes that can control or minimise their causes of poor quality in projects undertaken by construction SMEs, level of skill acquisition; project planning and control techniques; project construction design; process implementation and process improvement; financial management; organisational structures; involvement of people; and quality standards and measurements. The eight factors attained high Cronbach Alpha values above the recommended 0.70 which indicates high internal consistencies among the sub-scales. Findings from this study should be useful to managers in similar environments may use the results of this study as either diagnostic tools or as a reference benchmark for strategic interventions in solving construction projects related problems. Furthermore, the researchers also recommend that these practices are for quality assurance in construction projects undertaken by SMEs in South Africa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Paulini, Peter. "Mix-Design and Control of Exposure Class of Durable Concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 289 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928902006.

Full text

Abstract:

Durability requirements for concrete are determined by climatic, chemical and mechanical effects, depending on the climatic location and intended use of structural parts. The European standard EN 206-1 defines different types of exposure classes and specifies requirements for concrete, such as type and minimum quantity of cement, maximum w/c ratio, minimum compressive strength or minimum entrained air pore content. Additional characteristics required for a higher workability often lead to contradictory situations in practice and cannot be satisfactorily resolved by varying the mix design of the concrete. Based on a real life scenario where a C35/45 XD3 concrete had been used in the construction of a multi-storey car park, which presented serious cracking after only a short service time, this paper proposes a number of methods designed to assess the quality and durability of concrete. The proof of exposure classes at the hardened building concrete is not regulated in existing national standards. Therefore, in many court disputes it is difficult to prove the quality of the hardened concrete because of lacking regulations. However, it is possible to verify the w/c-ratio using the capillary porosity. The basic relationships between cement content, w/c-ratio and capillary porosity are derived and discussed. Higher proportions of cement, which are necessary to achieve a better workability or higher strength, result in a reduced modulus of elasticity and increased shrinkage as well as a higher risk of cracking. The associated increase of capillary pore volume and of permeability reduces the service life of concrete. The determination of performance-based concrete properties such as permeability, chloride migration or electrical conductivity further complements the assessment of concrete durability. These properties can be used for estimating the resistance of the capillary pore structure to specific damage mechanisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gao, Chun Yu, Jian Hui Deng, and Fan Li Meng. "Monitoring Analysis of the Underground Cavities in Guandi Hydropower Station during the Construction Period." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 2925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2925.

Full text

Abstract:

The underground cavities of the Guandi Hydropower Station comprise four pressure division tunnels, a generator chamber, a main transformer chamber, a tail water control chamber and two tail water tunnels and arrange in the basalt mountain on the right bank of the dam. Based on the brief introduction of cavity arrangement, geological conditions, monitoring design and execution, the deformation magnitude and deformation characteristics of the three major cavities are focused on analyzing. The stability of the cavities is evaluated. The quality of the surrounding rock masses of the underground cavities of the Guandi Hydropower Station is good and the deformation is normally less than 30mm. However, some parts have large deformation due to the influence of the structure surfaces and the maximum deformation is 61.49 mm. Most of the parts with larger deformation are the middle and upper positions of the side walls and rock anchor beam positions. The structure surfaces have noticeable action for controlling the surrounding rock mass deformation. The stability of the cavities is good.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Zhang, Yang, and Yun Sheng Zhang. "Focal Points in Supervising Building Intelligent System." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.532.

Full text

Abstract:

ntelligent systems are becoming main parts in more and more building engineering with the development of economy in China. It is given in this paper that the focal points in supervising intelligent systems of building engineering. Quality control procedures are described in detail, which can ensure that the intelligent system can realize the design requirements and meet the industry standards in the construction, system commissioning and testing. The summary of supervision in this paper comes from a large number of famous building engineering in Beijing, such as the National Stadium, ZhongGuancun Science and Technology Square, Beijing Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, etc.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

TOFAN-NEGRU, Andra, Cristian BARBU, Amado STEFAN, and Ioana-Carmen BOGLIS. "Analysis and characterization of additive manufacturing processes." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 4 (December 5, 2021): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.4.14.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, additive manufacturing (AM) processes have expanded rapidly in various fields of the industry because they offer design freedom, involve layer-by-layer construction from a computerized 3D model (minimizing material consumption), and allow the manufacture of parts with complex geometry (thus offering the possibility of producing custom parts). Also, they provide the advantage of a short time to make the final parts, do not involve the need for auxiliary resources (cutting tools, lighting fixtures or coolants) and have a low impact on the environment. However, the aspects that make these technologies not yet widely used in industry are poor surface quality of parts, uncertainty about the mechanical properties of products and low productivity. Research on the physical phenomena associated with additive manufacturing processes is necessary for proper control of the phenomena of melting, solidification, vaporization and heat transfer. This paper addresses the relevant additive manufacturing processes and their applications and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of AM processes compared to conventional production processes. For the aerospace industry, these technologies offer possibilities for manufacturing lighter structures to reduce weight, but improvements in precision must be sought to eliminate the need for finishing processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Melnykov, V. "DESIGN OF THE POWER TRANSISTOR ENERGY CONVERTERS FOR AUTOMATED DC-DRIVE SYSTEMS." Electromechanical and energy saving systems 2, no. 53 (2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2021.2.54.31-39.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose. One of the integral parts of modern mechatronic motion modules, where electric motors provide the conversion of electrical energy into useful mechanical action, are power semiconductor converters. At the current stage of industrial development, the use of energy converters as a part of a fully controlled semiconductor switches opens wide opportunities for the development and implementation of highly efficient resource- and energy-saving devices. Methodology. Two types of converters are widely used in automated DC electric drive systems: controlled thyristor rectifiers and pulse-width DC converters, the principle of operation of which is based on the key mode of operation of the regulating semiconductor, which periodically connects the source voltage to the output circuit. The paper presents a laboratory sample of a power semiconductor DC energy converter, which can ensure reliable motor operation in both motor and braking modes. Results. The presented transistor energy converter consists of two main parts: the first part performs the main role – control, and it includes a control unit, a microcontroller, and a device for displaying current information. The second part is a power module, which includes the necessary power supply modules, control drivers and power transistor switches of the converter. To obtain high quality transients of the electric drive system, the circuit is equipped with additional sensors of current, voltage and speed, which takes part in the formation of the control signal and in the protection systems against overvoltage and current jumps. Practical value. The paper substantiates the parameters of the components and proposes developed technical solutions for the construction of a microprocessor control system for a transistor DC energy converter. It is shown that in order to ensure a constant generator mode in automated electric drive systems, where the primary energy converter is an uncontrolled rectifier, it is expedient to install an energy discharge circuit in the DC link. References 18, figures 14.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hopmann, C., J. Gerads, and T. Hohlweck. "Investigation of an inverse thermal injection mould design methodology in dependence of the part geometry." International Journal of Material Forming 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12289-020-01604-6.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe production of injection moulded components with low shrinkage and warpage is a constant challenge for manufacturers. The thermal design of the injection mould plays an important role for the achievable quality, especially the placement of the cooling channels. This design is usually based on empirical knowledge of the mould designers. The construction is supported iteratively by injection moulding simulations. In the case of thick-walled plastic optics with big wall thickness jumps, the shrinkage is compensated by injection compression moulding. In this process, the thin-walled areas freeze earlier and the necessary compression pressure introduces stresses into these areas which reduces the optical performance. An adapted cooling channel design can reduce these problems. At the IKV, Institute for Plastics Processing in Industry and Crafts at the RWTH Aachen University, a methodology was developed which inversely calculates the cooling requirement of the moulded part A demand-oriented cooling channel system is derived based on the computed results. The aim of the research projects is to minimise displacement and internal stresses by temperature control of the moulded parts according to the demand. In this paper, the methodology is applied to three different geometries, representing three classical parts for the injection moulding process. Three different quality areas in the mould for the inverse optimisation are defined and investigated. For each geometry the cooling channel designs are then validated in injection moulding simulations based on the results from the thermal optimisation. It can be shown that for different component geometries and thicknesses, different quality areas are advantageous and decrease the maximum warpage of the parts. For thin-walled ribbed components, a 2D approach leads to a 15% smaller displacement, for components with wall thickness jumps, all investigated quality ranges show no differences in displacement, but a surface in the middle of the part is preferred due to a 3 °C lower standard deviation of the temperature distribution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Shahjalal, Mohammad, Tamanna Shams, Moshammed Nishat Tasnim, Md Rishad Ahmed, Mominul Ahsan, and Julfikar Haider. "A Critical Review on Charging Technologies of Electric Vehicles." Energies 15, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 8239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218239.

Full text

Abstract:

The enormous number of automobiles across the world has caused a significant increase in emissions of greenhouse gases, which pose a grave and mounting threat to modern life by escalating global warming and polluting air quality. These adverse effects of climate change have motivated the automotive sector to reform and have pushed the drive towards the transformation to fully electric. Charging time has been identified as one of the key barriers in large-scale applications of Electric Vehicles (EVs). In addition, various challenges are associated with the formulation of a safe charging scheme, which is concerned with appropriate charging converter architecture, with the aim of ensuring a safe charging protocol within a range of 5–10 min. This paper provides a systematic review of thharging technologies and their impacts on battery systems, including charger converter design and associated limitations. Furthermore, the knowledge gap and research directions are provided with regard to the challenges associated with the charger converter architecture design at the systems level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Dorozhko, Y., E. Zakharova, G. Sarkisian, and P. Mikhno. "JUSTIFICATION OF THE EXECUTIVITY OF THE SINGLE-FORMAT TECHNOLOGY OF AUTOMATED PROCESSING OF THE RESULTS OF GEODESIC MEASUREMENTS." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 166 (November 30, 2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-6-166-103-107.

Full text

Abstract:

The expediency of single-format technology of automated processing of geodetic measurements for the needs of the road construction industry is considered. This technology allows you to perform end-to-end automated processing of geodetic measurements with subsequent automated design and transfer the results of one design phase to the next in a single format and a single design environment. Through single-format automated technology for processing geodetic measurements and development of design solutions is to transfer the results of one stage of data processing or development of design solutions to another in one format and one software package. In the event of any corrections to previous results or the development of new solutions at any stage, all changes should be reflected in all parts of the project. This approach will allow the use of a one-time digitally developed highway project at all subsequent stages in the development of overhaul and reconstruction projects, subject to changes in the digital model of the area. The digital model of the terrain and section of the highway constructed in this way can be constantly adjusted and used at the stages of geodetic surveys, design, construction or repair and maintenance until the next geodetic surveys. End-to-end single-format cycle includes: design, technological design, engineering analysis, control programs. This ensures the integrity of the geometry in the transition to each subsequent stage. Providing end-to-end automated automated processing of geodetic measurement results for road repair or construction design tasks can be done by involving software products such as «CREDO», «Topomatic Robur», «Autodesk Civil 3D» and others. The use of single-format end-to-end automated processing of geodetic measurements with the subsequent construction of a digital terrain model will speed up and facilitate the development of design solutions, improve their quality, which in turn improves the quality of roads and man-made structures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Goforth, G. F. "Surmounting the engineering challenges of Everglades restoration." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2001): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0843.

Full text

Abstract:

The South Florida Water Management District, in partnership with other agencies and stakeholders, is undertaking one of the world's largest ecosystem restoration programs. The foundation of the nutrient control program for the Everglades is a set of six large constructed wetlands, referred to as Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs). The initial treatment goal is to reduce phosphorus entering the Everglades to 50 parts per billion. The STAs comprise almost 17,000 hectares, with a capital cost of approximately $700 million. Approximately 4,720 hectares are currently operational, another 2,600 hectares are in the start-up phase, and construction is just getting under way on the remaining areas. Throughout the design process, engineers and scientists collaborated to capture the best available information on wetland treatment systems, and to develop the most appropriate design criteria. Some of the more challenging issues included characterizing stormwater inflows and phosphorus loads, determining appropriate nutrient removal performance characteristics, and estimating hydraulic design parameters relating to densely vegetated systems. The design process combined in-house staff with engineering consultants, construction contractors, external review groups and independent peer-review. This paper summarizes major design aspects and key assumptions, and sets the stage for addressing future challenges associated with achieving long-term water quality goals of Everglades restoration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Jingmond, Monika, and Robert Ågren. "Unravelling causes of defects in construction." Construction Innovation 15, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 198–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-04-2014-0025.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify the primary root causes of defects in terms of why they persist in construction, despite the increasing implementation of quality systems. Defects in construction continue to be a source of concern in the construction industry. There have been studies that have tried to identify causes of defects. Although concepts are usually related to organisational factors, previous studies have been carried out on an operational level. There is a well-trodden area within the literature relating to the operational level, but little is known about the causes of defects on a higher, organisational level within construction. Design/methodology/approach – A new approach based on the notion of process causality and the use of cognitive mapping has been adopted. The aim was to take a step back and unravel causes of defects in the execution of construction projects. From workshops with representatives drawn from different parts of the industry, themes have been identified and investigated from a causation perspective. Findings – It was found that the causes of defects mainly reside in endogenous factors within organisations as opposed to execution failure or exogenous factors related to market, material or equipment behaviour. Originality/value – More specifically, it was found that the dominant cause of defects lies within organisational shortcomings, suggesting that improvements can be found on the management and strategic levels within projects instead of on the operational level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Chagua Aduviri, Irenio Luis, Marco Antonio Quispe-Barra, and Olger Alejandrino Ortega Achata. "Diseño y construcción de prototipo de máquina clasificadora de quinua por color usando sensores IR." Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research 24, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18271/ria.2022.272.

Full text

Abstract:

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is one of the main grains of a domesticated species native to the high Andean plains and valleys. Because its harvests do not always have a homogeneous color, some companies have been using sorting machines for quinoa that are adapted from other cereals, whose operation does not guarantee the desired efficiency. The purpose of the study was to design and build a prototype machine that classifies quinoa grains according to the desired color. The main parts of the machine include the design of the mechanical structure comprising three zones: feeding, transport and processing and storage. The parts were built with steel materials and some parts with PLA filament manufactured with 3D printer; electronic control system, using a microcontroller for adapting the IR sensor signal and controlling the electro actuators for the selection of homogeneous quinoa according to the allowed color parameters; and mechanical operation control, using two motors, one for the dosing of quinoa grains and the other for the movement of the conveyor belt. To achieve the best performance, adjustments were made regarding the speed and quantity of quinoa, establishing 24 rows with an elevation of 22 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis, having achieved the goal of 5 kg per hour and obtained the homogeneity of quinoa grains with high efficiency and better quality for marketing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Kovalenko, L., and V. Yemets. "ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS AND EXECUTIVE SURVEY INSTALLATION OF BRIDGE STRUCTURES." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 161 (March 26, 2021): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-1-161-124-128.

Full text

Abstract:

Modern construction of bridge crossings is impossible without engineering and geodetic works. When transferring a project to the terrain, it is necessary to perform measurements in the horizontal and vertical planes with high accuracy. Geodetic works, to secure the design position and dimensions of both the entire sporida and its surrounding parts, to be carried out by procrastination before the construction of the bridge. Geodetic work during the construction of bridges and other structures is a complex of measurements, calculations and constructions on the ground, in which the design placement of structures must be ensured. The purpose of the article is to consider engineering and geodetic works during the construction of a bridge as part of a combined bridge crossing. At the stages of the construction of the bridge, the accuracy of the project is required, which will ensure geodesic work. These include: the breakdown of bridge supports at different stages of their construction, control of the erection of the superstructure and its installation on the support parts. To perform geodetic works such equipment as an electronic total station "Sokkia 630" and a digital level of the brand "Trimble DiNi" were used. The coordinates of the benchmarks were obtained and entered into the plan of the area. To work with them, anchors were driven into the asphalt and soil, photographed and entered into the documentation. On the pillars of the bridge were glued marks for the notch of the device, with a reflective effect. The data of coordinates and heights were entered into the memory of the total station. The method and procedure for geodetic works during the installation of bridge spans depend on their design and materials. At present, the most common methods of superstructures erection include hinged and semi-hinged assembly, assembly on the slipway, assembly on the shore with subsequent thrusting. When installing superstructures, the main tasks of geodetic support are to determine the straightness of the main beams and measure the so-called building lift. In the practice of bridge building, the degree of use of industrial construction methods is growing, that is, the manufacture of individual structural blocks with their subsequent connection at a regular place, which contributes to an increase in labor productivity and the quality of bridges.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

El Hadraoui, Hicham, Mourad Zegrari, Fatima-Ezzahra Hammouch, Nasr Guennouni, Oussama Laayati, and Ahmed Chebak. "Design of a Customizable Test Bench of an Electric Vehicle Powertrain for Learning Purposes Using Model-Based System Engineering." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 10923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710923.

Full text

Abstract:

Nowadays, electric vehicles attract significant attention because of the increasingly stringent exhaust emission policies all over the world. Moreover, with the fast expansion of the sustainable economy, the demand for electric vehicles is expanding. In the recent age, maintenance has seriously hampered the marketing and use of electric automobiles. As a result, the technique for maintaining electric vehicles is regarded as vital since it directly affects the security and availability for the end user and the passengers. Another key aspect of electric mobility is the integration of artificial intelligence in control, diagnostics, and prognostics. Meanwhile, a lot of research efforts are still devoted to developing and innovating electric traction systems, especially for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Furthermore, topics covering important, current, and sustainability challenges should contain more than theoretical knowledge in high-quality education, particularly in engineering education. The purpose is to bridge the gap between the new technology and the learner’s circumstances through giving practical technical expertise and training in the sphere of overall engineering competences, to avoid non-standard, unskilled maintenance work. This article presents the first phase towards designing and developing a test bench of an electric vehicle’s powertrain used for research, learning and e-learning purposes, employing model-based systems engineering (MBSE) and systems modeling language (SysML) through the CESAM architecting and modeling framework. The aforementioned approach is used on our case study to build and present an operational viewpoint layout of the control, energy management, diagnostic, and prognostic test bench as part of the system’s initial phase of designing the system; the test bench layout proposed in this paper represents a flexible, low-cost, multidisciplinary downsized laboratory providing basic experiments related to e-mobility and covering numerous branches and study fields.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Shuai, Cheng, and Song Jian. "Extended state observer based control scheme for the A-EHPS with load pressure estimation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231, no. 13 (February 12, 2017): 1858–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407016686495.

Full text

Abstract:

The accumulative electro-hydraulic power steering system (A-EHPS) is essentially an electro-hydraulic servo system with high parametric uncertainties and nonlinearities that are caused by the characteristics of the hydraulic system. The throttle structure in the steering gear and the on-way resistance increase the control difficulty of the plant. This paper reports the construction of a mathematical model that contains the throttle structure and the on-way resistance for the A-EHPS system. Furthermore, an extended state observer and a sliding mode controller are synthesized to estimate uncertain nonlinear components and improve the quality of control in the A-EHPS. The uncertain nonlinear parts contain important information on the high-pressure chamber’s load pressure, which cannot be directly measured. That is, the proposed control scheme can be used to estimate steering resistance, which is essential for the top-layer control strategy. Simulations are performed to validate the control performance and the parameter design principle of the proposed extended state observer scheme. The scheme is then implemented in an actual system, and its robustness advantages over traditional controllers are verified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Zheng, Jia, and Wei Hong. "Construction of Knowledge Graph of 3D Clothing Design Resources Based on Multimodal Clustering Network." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (June 2, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1168012.

Full text

Abstract:

The construction of 3D design model is a hotspot of applied research in the fields of clothing functional design system teaching and display. The simple 3D clothing visualization postprocessing lacks interactive functions, which is a hot issue that needs to be solved urgently at present. Based on analyzing the existing clothing modeling technology, template technology, and fusion technology, and based on the multimodal clustering network theory, this paper proposes a 3D clothing design resource knowledge graph modeling method with multiple fusion of features and templates. The position of each joint point is converted into the coordinate system centered on the torso point in advance and normalized to avoid the problem that the relative position of the camera and the collector cannot be determined, and the shape of different collectors is different. The paper provides a multimodal clustering network intelligence method, illustrates the interoperability of users switching between different design networks in the seamless connection movement, and combines the hybrid intelligence algorithm with the fuzzy logic interpretation algorithm to solve the problems in the field of 3D clothing design service quality. During the simulation process, the research scheme builds a logical multimodal clustering network framework, which integrates compatibility access and global access partition fusion of style templates to achieve information extraction of clothing parts. The experimental results show that the realistic 3D clothing modeling can be achieved by layering the 3D clothing map, contour features, clothing size features, and color texture features with the modeling template. The developed ActiveX control is mounted on MSN, and the system is compatible. The performance and integration rate reached 77.1% and 89.7%, respectively, which effectively strengthened the practical role of the 3D clothing design system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Hehr, Adam, Paul J. Wolcott, and Marcelo J. Dapino. "Effect of weld power and build compliance on ultrasonic consolidation." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-11-2014-0147.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) is a fabrication technology based on ultrasonic metal welding. As a solid-state process, temperatures during UAM fabrication reach a fraction of the melting temperatures of the participating metals. UAM parts can become mechanically compliant during fabrication, which negatively influences the ability of the welder to produce consistent welds. This study aims to evaluate the effect of weld power on weld quality throughout a UAM build, and develop a new power-compensation approach to achieve homogeneous weld quality. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes mechanical push-pin testing as a metric of delamination resistance, as well as focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy to analyze the interface microstructure of UAM parts. Findings Weld power was found to negatively affect mechanical properties and microstructure. By keeping weld power constant, the delamination energy of UAM coupons was increased 22 per cent along with a consistent grain structure. As a result, to ensure constant properties throughout UAM component construction, maintaining weld power is preferable over the conventional strategy based on amplitude control. Research limitations/implications Further characterization could be conducted to evaluate the power control strategy on other material combinations, though this study strongly suggests that the proposed approach should work regardless of the metals being welded. Practical implications The proposed power control strategy can be implemented by monitoring and controlling the electrical power supplied to the welder. As such, no additional hardware is required, making the approach both useful and straightforward to implement. Originality/value This research paper is the first to recognize and address the negative effect of build compliance on weld power input in UAM. This is also the first paper to correlate measured weld power with the microstructure and mechanical properties of UAM parts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Ali, Fariz, and Goh Wei Jun. "Design of Robot Head for Expression of Human Emotion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.893.

Full text

Abstract:

Humanoid robot is a type of robot which designed in human-form with the purpose to increase the quality of human life. The key features of humanoid robot are to perform human-like behaviours and to undergo effective interaction with human-operator. Facial expressions play an important role in natural human-robot communication as human communication in daily life relies on face-to-face communication. The purpose of this study was to develop an interactive robot head that able to express six basic human emotions based on Ekman’s model which are joy, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear. The combination of action units based on different control point on robot head was proposed in this study. The new robot head provided with 11-DoFs to perform different expression in human-like way. A survey was conducted on twelve sets of emotion design drawn by using Solidworks. Evaluation had been done on each design for its expression ability and the best design of emotion to implement on the robot head was obtained in the end of survey. Hardware experiment was conducted to control the LCD display and position of servo motor by using Arduino Leonardo as the controller for the robot head system. Additionally, a keypad controller was designed to control the expression of robot head based on the control from user. The controller is connected with LCD display to show the name of facial expression for the learning purpose of autism children. This project focus on the performance test of robot head in term of position accuracy for the 11 actuators used in robot head construction. The result shows that the relative position error for each robot head parts was less than 10% and thus robot head able to perform the emotion effectively. The survey on the recognition rate for each emotion expression was conducted individually to 100 respondents. The recognition rate obtained for the six emotions express by robot head was more than 70%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Krylov, Sergey B., Ravil S. Sharipov, Sergey A. Zenin, and Yury S. Volkov. "Directions of Convergence of the Requirements of the Main Domestic Standard for the Design of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures SP 63.13330.2012 with the Requirements of the International Standard ISO 19338." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2019-1-93-98.

Full text

Abstract:

Design standards on building structures should contain, first of all, the performance and assessment requirements of structures. At the same time, design standards should provide the possibility for design and construction of concrete and reinforced concrete parts of buildings and structures that meet the requirements of the Technical regulations "On the safety of buildings and structures". Taking into account the importance of ensuring the reliability and safety of buildings and structures erected with the use of structural concrete, the technical Committee of the international organization for standardization ISO TC 71 "Concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete", certifies national standards for compliance with the requirements of the international standard ISO 19338 "Performance and Assessment Requirements for Design Standards on Structural Concrete", developed by the same Committee. The standard describes the issues that should be included in the standards for the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures (terms and definitions, basic requirements, performance requirements,loads and impacts, design estimates, requirements for manufacturing and construction, as well as quality control). These requirements are common to all standards in the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. In this regard, it is relevant and important to establish the possibility of presenting the National Code of rules SP 63.13330.2012 "SNiP 52.01-2003 Plain and Reinforced Concrete Structures. General Provisions" for certification for compliance with the requirements of ISO 19338. To achieve this goal, the relevant work has been done, based on the results of which were made the proposals for the submission of SP 63.13330.2012 for certification for compliance with ISO 19338:2014. These proposals are set out in the text of the article.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Valarmathi, T. N. "Modeling of Delamination in Drilling of Particleboard (PB) Composite Panels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.825.

Full text

Abstract:

Wood composite panels are widely used in construction and furniture industries. They are very much preferred in interior and exterior decoration, house hold products and toys, etc. because of the aesthetic appearance and their high-quality properties. In manufacturing of wood composite products various machining process are used. In final assembly of various parts of a end product, drilling is the most commonly used machining operation. The cutting forces developed during drilling process having more effect on the surface quality of the drilled holes. Hence the drilling damages like delamination must be controlled to ensure the surface quality of the final product. In controlling these forces the contribution of input drilling parameters is more. The objective of this work is to study the influence of input control parameters to obtain the optimal cutting conditions. In the present study the drilling experiments are performed using Taguchi design of experiments with Taguchi L27 orthogonal array on particleboard (PB) composite panels using high speed steel (HSS) twist drills with three different drill diameters. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to develop a mathematical model to predict the influence of input control parameters on delamination. The adequacy of the model is checked using Analysis of variance. It is revealed that high spindle speed with low feed rate and smaller drill diameter combination gives better results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Ona, Hiroshi, Ihou Shou, and Kiyomasa Hoshi. "On Strain Distributions in the Formation of Flexible Channel Section Development of Flexible Cold Roll Forming Machine." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.137.

Full text

Abstract:

For about 70 years, cold roll forming machine has been used to make products whose cross section are uniform in the longitudinal direction. Products formed by this machine are used as construction materials, aircraft structural parts, automotive body parts, oil pipelines and so on. Research and development on production technology to make products with higher quality and higher dimensional accuracy has been carried out. Furthermore, analytical research using FEM method has been vigorously done. On the other hand, in accordance with the development of computer control system combined with CPU technology in recent years, research on development of the flexible cold roll forming machine that can form products with varying width in the longitudinal direction has been carried out in Japan and Europe (1)〜(4). The new cold roll forming machine combines the normal cold roll forming technology with computer-control technology, making it possible to form the long sized products whose cross sections vary in width. In 2011, we presented a paper that described the design method of flexible cold roll forming machine and the shape defects caused by this machine. In this paper, the behaviors of surface strains occurred in forming flexible section, which are measured by using resistance wire type strain gauges, are described from the view point of making clear the cause of occurrence of shape defect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ismailova, N. Р., and T. M. Mohylianets. "ALGORITHMIC FORMATION OF CONNECTED MODELS FOR INFORMATION CONTROL SYSTEM IN DESIGNING KINEMATIC PAIRS." Проблеми створення, випробування, застосування та експлуатації складних інформаційних систем, no. 20 (November 26, 2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46972/2076-1546.2021.20.06.

Full text

Abstract:

In modern systems for the automatic design of complex products for military equipment, algorithmic construction of conjugate models of curved surfaces using computer technologies that exclude interference are increasingly being used. This gives a powerful impetus to the development of applied geometry of surfaces and stimulates the search for new ways to improve the technological processes of manufacturing parts, on machines with an information control system. In particular, this applies to technological operations on numerically controlled machines. One of the main directions in modeling kinematic pairs should be considered the study and design of the shapes of surfaces in close connection with the operating conditions of structures in military equipment and weapons in which they are to be used. The shapes of complex curved surfaces affect the reliability and durability of mechanisms in military equipment and weapons and therefore require more careful consideration of external conditions when designing. Much attention is paid to the design of surfaces, taking into account an increasing number of predetermined requirements, conditions for the formation of curved surfaces of kinematic pairs in military equipment. The use of algorithmic constructions of conjugated kinematic pairs for an information control system in the manufacture of real surfaces of military equipment obtained as a result of stamping, the creation of a geometric model of stamping, reflecting a real physical process, is an urgent problem. In recent years, in the manufacture of precision high-quality products of kinematic pairs and cutting tools in military equipment and weapons, complex curved surfaces have been widely used, which require the development of a geometric and mathematical apparatus for their modeling. Algorithmic modeling of curvilinear transformations for the formation of mating surfaces of kinematic pairs in military equipment, based on a parametric kinematic screw, is proposed, which will eliminate interference during their manufacture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kuo, Cheng-Hsien, and Po-Cheng Chen. "On-Machine Measurement and Error Compensation for 6061 Aluminum Alloy Hexagonal Punch Using a Turn-Milling Machine." Machines 9, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9090180.

Full text

Abstract:

For machining parts with complex shapes, consisting of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, different CNC machine tools will be used according to the machining method. If the workpiece is removed for off-machine measurement after machining, when the size is incorrect, it will need to be returned to the CNC machine tool for secondary machining. In this case, the workpiece surface quality and machining accuracy will be affected, which is very time-consuming. On-machine measurement and complex machine center is a key to solve this problem. In the recent researches that the touch probe was integrated on three or five axis machine for error compensation and shape construction based on on-machine measurement, but turning-milling machine was rare. In addition, the most types of parts were thin-walled parts or thin web parts. In this study, a contact measurement system is integrated into a CNC combined turning-milling machine for on-machine measuring. Macro-programming is used to design the machining path of A6061-T6 aluminum alloy hexagonal punch, and the action of probe measurement is added to the machining path. As the measured data exceed the tolerance range, the calculated data are fed back to the controller for machining improvement by compensation. The finished hexagonal punch is measured in a 3D coordinate measuring machine and the error is compared. The experimental results show that the contact probe needs to be corrected before machining, and the size of the corrected workpiece can reach the tolerance range of ±0.01 mm. The size error of rough machining is larger than that of fined machining, and the size error of rough machining will increase with the length of the workpiece.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Makutėnienė, Daiva, and Lionginas Čiupaila. "PROBLEMS AND FEATURES OF INTELLIGENT DESIGN OF ROOFS/INTELEKTINIO PROJEKTAVIMO PROBLEMOS IR YPATYBĖS RENOVUOJANT STOGUS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 5, no. 4 (August 31, 1999): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1999.10531474.

Full text

Abstract:

Intelligent computer-aided design is impossible without the object of design, component parts, participants of the process and analysis of their relations. The control of these relations was performed without computer. Therefore the processes flew without optimal criteria and technics of optimisation. Renovation of a building will depend on three most important concerned groups involved in the process: customers; designing organisations; building and constructing organisations. The entire process of design—from the idea to complete documentation—must be planned and executed with consideration of goals aspired by the interested parties—customers, designers and construction organisations. This process should realise the cycles of design, co-ordination and expertise of final solution. There are one-stage or two-stage design processes in traditional design process (Fig 2). Development of the project by one or two stages is pointed out by the design task of customer and depends upon technical complexity of the object. Complex objects are designed by a two-stage design process. One-stage design (Fig 3) is used, when the object is not complicated and includes many typical constructions. A great deal of graphics, economical data, accepted standards, rules are used in today's design process. While designing a building, the information flow could be controlled with the help of intelligent systems of design. Some information systems can be applied to different parts of a building. Fig 4 represents the structure of information system for roof design. Any part of information system is a complex object. Parts of information system for roof design are related to graphical-geometrical information. Relations between elements of roof intelligent design system are represented in Fig 5. Structure of some elements of information system (Fig 6) and internal relations are complex and manifold, so managing is possible only by intelligent design system. During the process of intelligent system design the same participants take part as in the traditional process: customers, design organisations, building and constructing organisations, but the relations between these participants are of a new quality. Fig 7 represents the relations between traditional participants and the flow of up-to-date information. The process of intelligent design differs from the traditional one by the following features: the intelligent system includes features of traditional design (design, expertise, coordination, renewing), but it is the system of new technology and quality due to the possibility of real optimisation; the process of renovation of dwelling houses roofs has an important feature, namely, a possibility for the unification of the design process. Rational composition of unificated projects can and must be supported by computer aided graphical and non-graphical databases with possibilities of the intelligent design; relations between data groups of a design object (Fig 7—A, B, C and D) can be managed by computer intelligent software. The intelligent process has some problems: the main stages of the roof design are related to considerations and financial possibilities of customers, aesthetical and architectural evaluation. These stages are related by three main interested groups (customers, design organisations, building and constructing organisations) and other institutions of the government. They can be optimised only by computer at intelligent level; the problem of information flowing, because methods of presentation of data must be co-ordinated with customers, design organisations, building and constructing organisations. Control techniques must be provided for its managing; data and knowledge bases must be continuously formed and renewed until using “Internet” and other modern methods for information transmission.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Dowdeswell, Barry, Roopak Sinha, and Stephen G. MacDonell. "Architecting an Agent-Based Fault Diagnosis Engine for IEC 61499 Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems." Future Internet 13, no. 8 (July 23, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13080190.

Full text

Abstract:

IEC 61499 is a reference architecture for constructing Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS). However, current function block development environments only provide limited fault-finding capabilities. There is a need for comprehensive diagnostic tools that help engineers identify faults, both during development and after deployment. This article presents the software architecture for an agent-based fault diagnostic engine that equips agents with domain-knowledge of IEC 61499. The engine encourages a Model-Driven Development with Diagnostics methodology where agents work alongside engineers during iterative cycles of design, development, diagnosis and refinement. Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) was used to propose the architecture to capture fault telemetry directly from the ICPS. A Views and Beyond Software Architecture Document presents the architecture. The Architecturally-Significant Requirement (ASRs) were used to design the views while an Architectural Trade-off Analysis Method (ATAM) evaluated critical parts of the architecture. The agents locate faults during both early-stage development and later provide long-term fault management. The architecture introduces dynamic, low-latency software-in-loop Diagnostic Points (DPs) that operate under the control of an agent to capture fault telemetry. Using sound architectural design approaches and documentation methods, coupled with rigorous evaluation and prototyping, the article demonstrates how quality attributes, risks and architectural trade-offs were identified and mitigated early before the construction of the engine commenced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Wodebo, Kibreab Yosefe, Taye Tolemariam Ejeta, Solomon Demeke Cherkos, Weyessa Garedew Terefe, Jane Nyaranga Ambuku Wamatu, and Muluken Zeleke Equle. "Fermentation Characteristics and Nutritional Value of Avena sativa Genotypes Ensiled with or without Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum)." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 9, 2023): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021260.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the fermentation characteristics and nutritional value of A. sativa genotypes ensiled either solely or in combination with P. purpureum 16791. Three different A. sativa genotypes (SRCPX80AB2806, ILRI_5527A, and ILRI_5526A) were harvested at the dough stage and ensiled solely or in combination with equal parts of P. purpureum 16791 with the addition of 3% molasses for all treatments in a completely randomized design with three replications over a period of 45 days. P. purpureum harvested at 60 days was ensiled and used as a control treatment. All treatments were evaluated for fermentation characteristics (pH, temperature, physical properties, and flieg point) and subjected to chemical analysis. The results showed that ensiling A. sativa ILRI_5527A, in combination with equal parts of P. purpureum 16791, produced the best silage with a significantly lower pH of 3.52. Optimal temperature (25 °C), nutrient losses based on the total dry matter (2.17%), gas (3.74%), and effluent (4.28%) were significantly (p < 0.0001) lower for T6 compared to the others. The dry matter recovery rate of T6 was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher than that of the others. T6 ranked first in the quality of physical properties (smell, color, mold, and texture). The highest dry matter (24%), organic matter (96.80%), crude fat (3.32%), and metabolizable energy (10.05 MJ/kg DM) were recorded for T6. The flieg score for T6 silage (96.6%) was also better than the others. In conclusion, ensiling A. sativa ILRI_5527 with equal parts of P. purpureum 16791 and the addition of 3% molasses improved fermentation characteristics and silage quality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Rangasamy, R. G., and Prabhat Kumar. "Quality Management during Manufacturing of High Tempertaure Thin Walled Austenitic Stainless Steel Sodium Tanks of Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.507.

Full text

Abstract:

Austenitic stainless steels are the major material of construction for the fast breeder reactors in view of their adequate high temperature mechanical properties, compatibility with liquid sodium coolant, good weldability, availability of design data and above all the fairly vast and satisfactory experience in the use of these steels for high temperature service. All the Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) components of FBR are thin walled structure and require manufacture to very close tolerances under nuclear clean conditions. As a result of high temperature operation and thin wall construction, the acceptance criteria are stringent as compared to ASME Section III. The material of construction is Austenitic stainless steel 316 LN and 304 LN with controlled Chemistry and calls for additional tests and requirements as compared to ASTM standards. Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) is sodium cooled, pool type, 500 MWe reactor which is at advanced stage of construction at Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India. In PFBR, the normal heat transport is mainly through two secondary loops and in their absence; the decay heat removal is through four passive and independent safety grade decay heat removal loops (SGDHR). The secondary sodium circuit and the SGHDR circuit consist of sodium tanks for various applications such as storage, transfer, pressure mitigation and to take care of volumetric expansion. The sodium tanks are thin walled cylindrical vertical vessels with predominantly torispherical dished heads at the top and bottom. These tanks are provided with pull-out nozzles which were successfully made by cold forming. Surface thermocouples and heaters, wire type leak detectors are provided on these tanks. These tanks are insulated with bonded mineral wool and with aluminum cladding. All the butt welds in pressure parts were subjected to 100% Radiographic examination. These tanks were subjected to hydrotest, pneumatic test and helium leak test under vacuum. The principal material of construction being stainless steel for the sodium tanks shall be handled with care following best engineering practices coupled with stringent QA requirements to avoid stress corrosion cracking in the highly brackish environment. Intergranular stress corrosion cracking and hot cracking are additional factors to be addressed for the welding of stainless steel components. Pickling and passivation, Testing with chemistry controlled demineralised water are salient steps in manufacturing. Corrosion protection and preservation during fabrication, erection and post erection is a mandatory stipulation in the QA programme. Enhanced reliability of welded components can be achieved mainly through quality control and quality assurance procedures in addition to design and metallurgy. The diverse and redundant inspections in terms of both operator and technique are required for components where zero failure is desired & claimed. This paper highlights the step by step quality management methodologies adopted during the manufacturing of high temperature thin walled austenitic stainless steel sodium tanks of PFBR.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Al-Dababseh, A. M. F., and E. V. Markova. "IMPROVING THE TECHNOLOGY OF ASSEMBLY OF THE KEEL STIFFNESS OF MILITARY TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT." RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 36, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 18–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/2308-9644-2020-36-2-18-44.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is devoted to the development of the technology of sub-keel stiffness Assembly. Production of an airplane airframe begins with the manufacture of parts and ends with Assembly work of nodes, aggregates, docking and installation work on the finished product. Currently, one of the main elements of the productive process of manufacturing aircraft is considered Assembly production. The main factors that determine the specifics of Assembly work in aircraft construction are: the large number of parts of the airframe, as well as a wide variety of structural materials used. This leads to a variety of technological processes and equipment, complicates the planning, control and accounting of Assembly work; the complexity of production forms and low rigidity of most elements of the airframe design, which makes it necessary to use numerous and complex technological equipment; high requirements for the quality of the aircraft as a whole and its individual elements, which require the latest control methods, including special equipment; extensive cooperation of production significantly complicates the solution of issues of ensuring the accuracy and interchangeability of airframe design elements; frequent change of production facilities due to the rapid aging of aircraft equipment. The duration and complexity of Assembly work, depending on the type of aircraft, is from 30-56% of all production labor. Assembly and installation work includes airframe Assembly, installation of equipment and power plants, installation of flight control systems and take-off and landing facilities, airfield work to prepare the aircraft for flight tests and delivery to the customer. Assembly and installation works are characterized by the complexity of the work performed, a relatively low level of mechanization of technological operations of Assembly and installation, which entails a large labor intensity of manufacturing products, a low level of labor productivity. Assembly work can be divided into three types: node Assembly-Assembly of nodes (spars, ribs, frames, hatch flaps); aggregate - Assembly of compartments, units, sections of the airframe; General Assembly of aircraft - Assembly-docking of individual units into a whole product and leveling work.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Patrik, Šarga, Trebuňa František, and Grejták Branislav. "DESIGN OF CONTROL FOR THE DEVICE USING FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL STRESSES BY RING-CORE METHOD." TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOG IES, no. 4 (14) (2018): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2018-4(14)-162-168.

Full text

Abstract:

Urgency of the research. Residual stresses in machine parts and constructions greatly affect their service life and reliability. They are introduced into the manufactured object at each production process and their level can change significantly due to the operation of the product. Their main risk lies in the fact that they add up to the external load and can be the cause of the failure of the construction. Residual stresses can not be determined by simulation methods. They can only be determined using experimental methods. One of these method is the Ring-Core method, the principle of which is to form an annular groove around the strain gauge. Creating of annular groove releases the internal stresses, which can be recorded by a strain gauge. The quality of the formed groove has a significant impact on the overall results of residual stress determination, so it is important to make it as accurate as possible. For this reason, it is necessary to have the most reliable device to form an annular groove. Target setting. Our goal was to design the drive and control for the measuring device for milling the annular groove. This will make it possible to mill the annular groove more precisely, and the resulting residual stresses will be minimally affected by the inaccuracy of the groove. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. When designing the control of the device and preparing this paper, we took into account not only current sources – publications and papers dealing with the current state of existing measuring devices used for determining residual stresses by Ring-Core method, but – we also took into account our practical experience gained in numerous residual stress determinations by experimental methods. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. A modified device requires thorough testing, which has not been implemented during the research for this paper. The research objective. The goal of the research was to create a control for the existing mechanical measuring device used for creating annular groove for determining residual stresses by Ring-Core method. The statement of basic materials. The original mechanical device was supplemented by actuators, which were designed to automate the movement in horizontal axes as well as in the vertical axis. Thanks to this, we have achieved greater precision when positioning the work tool above the center of the strain gauge. At the same time, the original equipment was completed with a servo motor that serves to drive the cutter. For all these elements, control by Programmable Logic Controller was proposed. Conclusions. Our task was to design control for the original device used for residual stress measurement by the RingCore method. We needed to design drives to automate the device. For our needs, we decided to apply linear actuators selected according to the requested criteria. After designing of the electric drives and modifying of the original device, we proceeded to implement control by Programmable Logic Controller. After that, we created a control program in the Automation studio software. This modified measuring device is able to achieve a much higher precision of the annular groove milling, which makes it possible to deter-mine the residual stresses in the structures more precisely

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Silber, Joseph Harry, Parker Fagrelius, Kevin Fanning, Michael Schubnell, Jessica Nicole Aguilar, Steven Ahlen, Jon Ameel, et al. "The Robotic Multiobject Focal Plane System of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)." Astronomical Journal 165, no. 1 (December 7, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9ab1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A system of 5020 robotic fiber positioners was installed in 2019 on the Mayall Telescope, at Kitt Peak National Observatory. The robots automatically retarget their optical fibers every 10–20 minutes, each to a precision of several microns, with a reconfiguration time of fewer than 2 minutes. Over the next 5 yr, they will enable the newly constructed Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to measure the spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will produce the largest 3D map of the universe to date and measure the expansion history of the cosmos. In addition to the 5020 robotic positioners and optical fibers, DESI’s Focal Plane System includes six guide cameras, four wave front cameras, 123 fiducial point sources, and a metrology camera mounted at the primary mirror. The system also includes associated structural, thermal, and electrical systems. In all, it contains over 675,000 individual parts. We discuss the design, construction, quality control, and integration of all these components. We include a summary of the key requirements, the review and acceptance process, on-sky validations of requirements, and lessons learned for future multiobject, fiber-fed spectrographs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Kovalyov, S. P. "Design of Heterogeneous Cyber-Physical Systems Employing Category Theory." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 23, no. 2 (February 6, 2022): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.23.59-67.

Full text

Abstract:

Heterogeneous cyber-physical control systems based on digital twins are in demand by Industry 4.0. In accordance with the contemporary systems engineering methodology, such systems are designed at the level of digital models. The paper proposes approaches to formalization and subsequent automation of solving direct and inverse problems of their design. To unify descriptions of heterogeneous components, we follow a viewpoint-based approach to architecture design recommended by the international standard ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010. Following recent trends, we employ category theory as a mathematical framework for the formal description and solution of design problems. Indeed, category theory is a branch of higher algebra specifically aimed at a unified representation of objects of different nature and relationships between them. The design space of a heterogeneous cyber-physical system is constructed as a subcategory of the multicomma category, the objects of which describe possible system architectures with a fixed structural hierarchy represented from a certain viewpoint as diagrams, and morphisms denote actions associated with the parts selection and replacement during the system design. Direct design problems consist in evaluating the properties of the system as a whole by its architecture and are solved using a universal category-theoretic construction of the colimit of the diagram. The solution of inverse problems that require finding variants of the system architecture, which are (sub-, Pareto-) optimal according to the consumer quality criteria, consists in reconstructing diagrams by their colimit edges. For such reconstruction, optimization algorithms of gradient descent type are reasonable to employ, which navigate along the system design space morphisms calculating the path by means of computer algebra. Typical techniques of assembling cyber-physical systems, such as modular composition and aspect weaving, are described in the language of category theory and illustrated. As an example, we outline the design of energy-efficient robotic production lines represented from the behavior viewpoint as discrete-event simulation models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Imoize, Agbotiname Lucky, Hope Ikoghene Obakhena, Francis Ifeanyi Anyasi, and Samarendra Nath Sur. "A Review of Energy Efficiency and Power Control Schemes in Ultra-Dense Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems for Sustainable 6G Wireless Communication." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 11100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141711100.

Full text

Abstract:

The traditional multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems cannot provide very high Spectral Efficiency (SE), Energy Efficiency (EE), and link reliability, which are critical to guaranteeing the desired Quality of Experience (QoE) in 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks. To bridge this gap, ultra-dense cell-free massive MIMO (UD CF-mMIMO) systems are exploited to boost cell-edge performance and provide ultra-low latency in emerging wireless communication systems. This paper attempts to provide critical insights on high EE operation and power control schemes for maximizing the performance of UD CF-mMIMO systems. First, the recent advances in UD CF-mMIMO systems and the associated models are elaborated. The power consumption model, power consumption parts, and energy maximization techniques are discussed extensively. Further, the various power control optimization techniques are discussed comprehensively. Key findings from this study indicate an unprecedented growth in high-rate demands, leading to a significant increase in energy consumption. Additionally, substantial gains in EE require efficient utilization of optimal energy maximization techniques, green design, and dense deployment of massive antenna arrays. Overall, this review provides an elaborate discussion of the research gaps and proposes several research directions, critical challenges, and useful recommendations for future works in wireless communication systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Sevryugina, N. S., and A. S. Apatenko. "Research of influence of thermal loadings on reliability of gas-diesel engines of transport and technological machines." Power and Autonomous equipment 2, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32464/2618-8716-2019-2-3-121-128.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: the factors determining the development trends of the machine-building industry on the example of modernization of the internal combustion engine are considered. The evaluation of the effectiveness of cooperation between manufacturers and the scientific potential of leading scientists in the development of designs of gas-diesel engines. The requirement of time of increase of ecology of internal combustion engines is proved, the reasons braking mass introduction of gas-diesel engines for transport and technological cars are revealed. The parameter of influence on the thermal load of the piston group in gaseous fuel is allocated. The estimation of constructive perfection of development of system of cooling of the piston of the engine is given. The effects of increased temperature on individual parts of the piston in the form of scrapes, chips, causing failure of the internal combustion engine as a whole are shown. The influence of engine oil quality on the engine operation is revealed. It is proposed to Supplement the design of the internal combustion engine with an oil level control device, developed an algorite and a software product for calculating the residual life of the engine oil on key parameters, with the establishment of the term of their replacement.Methods: the study is based on the analysis of the works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of improving the design of power equipment. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the system approach, methods of mathematical analysis, reliability theory, analytical and statistical processing of results.Results and discussion: the theoretical justification for the increased thermal load of piston in a gas-diesel engine, justifies the addition of the construction device control engine oil level and consideration of the resource and replacement intervals for the parameters of the actual physical and chemical condition, using the database presented in the software product.Conclusion: operation of gas-diesel engines requires from the operator more strict control over the temperature regime of the engine, the condition of the engine oil and the efficiency of the engine oil, the proposed solutions will allow to assess the quality of the engine oil in real time and to carry out its replacement according to the actual condition, which will ensure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Al-Samawi, Ali Abedaljabar, and Hafedh Trabelsi. "New Nine-Level Cascade Multilevel Inverter with a Minimum Number of Switches for PV Systems." Energies 15, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 5857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165857.

Full text

Abstract:

To support the grid system with high power quality from photovoltaics (PVs) and reduce the partial shading condition (PSC) effect of the PV system, as well as the mismatch power issue, in this study, we present a simple single-phase, nine-level cascade inverter architecture for photovoltaic (PV) systems with a minimum number of power components and passive parts. This reduction in the number of switches decreases the switching losses and the number of driving circuits, which causes a reduction in the complexity of the control circuit and hence reduces the cost and size. The suggested inverter shows a lower output voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) and unity power factor. In addition, this inverter’s control and switching techniques are far simpler than those of recently published designs. To evaluate the performance of the proposed inverter, we performed a comparison of the cascaded multilevel inverter (CMLI) topology, which required recent cascade topologies with the same nine voltage levels. The comparison depends on parameters such as the number of components (diode and capacitors) and the number of active switches in the inverter, in addition to total harmonic distortion. MATLAB/Simulink models for a grid-tied solar system PV application driven by the proposed nine-level inverter were built for design and validation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Донець, Олександр Дмитрович, Олександр Захарович Двейрін, Євген Тимофійович Василевський, Сергій Андрійович Філь, Олександр Григорович Гребеніков, and Андрій Михайлович Гуменний. "ПРОЕКТНО-КОНСТРУКТОРСЬКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЛАНЕРУ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ЛІТАКА." Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, no. 83 (May 23, 2019): 4–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2019.83.01.

Full text

Abstract:

The design features of the regional passenger aircraft airframe, which were introduced at the stages of developing the An-148/An-158 aircraft family, are described. The design and construction works on the airframe, which were aimed at the implementation of the airframe design concept, based on the principle of a safely damaged structure, are given. The An-148/An-158 airplanes were designed using modern computer-aided design systems. The work performed provides aeroelastic stability for all configurations and all design conditions. When creating a family of regional passenger airplanes, a number of new design and technological solutions were applied to the airframe design (fuselage, wing, pylons of powerplants and tail assembly), in particular: the scope of composite materials (CM) application was expanded, including the fuselage beamstructural elements; auxiliary power unit compartment is made entirely of CM; fastening the skin to the fuselage frame is made using rivets with a compensator, which ensures high quality of the external surface and eliminates the need for milling the heads of rivets after their installation; the fuselage canopy frame was made by welding, which significantly simplified the assembly technology; a two-support connected hitch scheme and control of extension of the slat sections with the use of involute gearing in the slat extensionretraction drives on the hinge mechanisms in the form of a pair of gears – a gear rack; developed a rational design of the wing box with a theoretical surface of double curvature, high adaptability and operability with survivability and high lifetime; a seven-part flap extension-retraction mechanism has been developed, which provides a predetermined flap advancement path; a combined flap design with a metal torsion box part, nose and tail part and a deflector made of CM; a molybdenum coating was applied, which increased the wear resistance of high-loaded parts from titanium alloys by more than 20 times; a monolithic integral design of interceptors and ailerons from CM was developed; a rational design of a pylon of a hinge plate of a mid-flight power plant has been developed with optimal rigidity characteristics to achieve given characteristics of flutter safety, with extensive use of composite materials in the tail and nose sections; the design of caps from pressed semi-finished products with two tips has been developed; an integrated design of the rudder and elevator made of composite materials has been developed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

MIKHALCHENKOV, ALEKSANDR M. "TECHNICAL CONDITION AND WEAR OF THE LEFT-SIDE KNIVES OF PSKU-SERIES SPEED PLOWS, METHODS OF BRAKING AND WEAR MINIMIZING." Agricultural engineering, no. 6 (2021): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2021-6-56-61.

Full text

Abstract:

High-speed plowing forces signifi cant changes in the design of the working elements of the plow. Such changes greatly aff ected the wear pattern and, consequently, called for modifi ed technical processes of restoring and strengthening. The working body design includes a plowshare, the function of which is performed by the left-side knife. The research purpose was to control the technical condition of the above-mentioned parts of the PSKu-series plow; study the geometry, location, and magnitude of wear; and develop restoration and hardening technologies. The residual values of thickness and width were used as the criteria for wear since they infl uence the recovery method. These values were controlled by standard measuring instruments – calipers and height gauges. The hardness measured by the Rockwell method (HRC) was used as a criterion for the mechanical properties of the construction material. Studies have shown that the wear on the working surfaces has a rather complex geometry, which is associated with the specifi cs of the force action of the soil. This defect should be eliminated because the probability of extreme wear in thickness increases when the part rotates. The authors proposed that the wear on the left-side knife should be eliminated by patching with a low-carbon electrode and subsequent hardening with surfacing reinforcement. It has been experimentally established that the wear amounts to about 7 mm in thickness and no more than 8 mm in width for a knife with a 45…54 HRC blade. The wear is caused by a hard-facing layer with a hardness of 73…74 HRC on the backside. High-quality heat treatment ensures an increased resistance of the part to abrasive wear. For left-side knives, it is expedient to apply electrode surfacing with a low-carbon rod and the subsequent hardening by surfacing reinforcement.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ding, Siyi, and Xiaohu Zheng. "Variation Analysis Considering the Partial Parallel Connection in Aero-Engine Rotor Assembly." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 18, 2022): 4451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124451.

Full text

Abstract:

The rotation precision of rotors determines the efficiency and quality of the overall aero-engine, as well as its long-term and reliable operation ability. As the terminal link of aero-engine manufacturing, the assembly is the last guarantee of precision control. Rotor assembly relates to the accurate expression of the connection form and design optimization of the assembly scheme. The existing variation model cannot adequately handle the partial parallel chain problem, ignoring the bayonet circular connector between the rotor parts, and it is still deficient in multistage gyration error control. In this paper, the partial parallel connection and multistage revolving characteristics of rotors were discussed, and a novel modeling and optimizing method for a partial parallel dimension chain was proposed. On the one hand, the variation expression of the connection features for the revolving components considering the partial parallel structure was researched. Contact point-based torsors were represented, and a system for locating points was regarded as an assembly to describe the partial parallel chain. On the other hand, the variation propagation modeling and control for the stacking of the multistage revolving components was researched. A revolution joint was introduced in the unified Jacobian–Torsor model, and a novel assembly technique for concentricity control was proposed. Therefore, a unified variation analysis and control method for rotor assembly has been developed. Experimental results show that through this method, the final concentricity variation is 0.0539 mm, far less than the 0.1595 mm of the traditional model, and is closer to the true value range of 0.030–0.040 mm. Moreover, the optimum installed angles can be calculated as 3.153 rad, 6.025 rad, and 2.590 rad, to obtain the highest concentricity of 0.040 mm, which has strong practical guiding significance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Gopinathan, Nandan, and Prabhakar Karthikeyan Shanmugam. "Energy Anxiety in Decentralized Electricity Markets: A Critical Review on EV Models." Energies 15, no. 14 (July 19, 2022): 5230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145230.

Full text

Abstract:

The automobile sector is a promising avenue for enhancing energy security, economic opportunity, and air quality in India. Before penetrating a large number of electric vehicles (EV) into the power grid, a thorough investigation and assessment of significant parameters are required, as additional nonlinear and EV loads are linked to the decentralized market. Many automobile companies have already invested in electric vehicle research; hence, a detailed analysis on range anxiety and grid connectivity concerns are the important factors affecting the future of the electric vehicle industry. In this paper, the initial review is about the decentralized market in India and sustainable aspects of electric mobility based on the Indian context, as it is a developing nation with an enormous resource and scope for EV markets. With recent literature from the last three years, the substantial constraints observed in benefits and challenges are reviewed. The financial stability aspects and the incentives to overcome the barriers to EV adoption are briefly discussed. From the review, it has come to the limelight that infrastructure availability, technology, load demand, and consumer behaviour are all major obstacles in the electric vehicle ecosystem. For the overall design and study of the vehicle to grid (V2G) infrastructure, this paper also provides insight into the representation of electric vehicles in different energy-efficient models and their categorization while connecting to the grid. The methodology adopted for energy-efficient models includes lifecycle emissions, economy, smart charging, real-time optimization, aggregated EV resource modelling, and a support vector machine (SVM)-based method. This paper gives a positive impact on EV fleet integration and electric mobility in general, as it critically reviews the influential parameters and challenges. This classification depends on crucial parameters that are at the frontline of EV grid integration research. This review is a solution to enhance grid stability in regard to new EV models. With the advanced electric motors development and renewed battery technology models, longer-distance automobiles are now available on the market. This paper investigates the constraints of EV grid integration and analyzes different EV models to ease the grid stability for a decentralized market.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Automobiles Parts Design and construction Quality control'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles