Journal articles on the topic 'Automated vehicles – Technological innovations'
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Hancock, P. A., Tara Kajaks, Jeff K. Caird, Mark H. Chignell, Sachi Mizobuchi, Peter C. Burns, Jing Feng, et al. "Challenges to Human Drivers in Increasingly Automated Vehicles." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 310–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900402.
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Objective We examine the relationships between contemporary progress in on‐road vehicle automation and its coherence with an envisioned “autopia” (automobile utopia) whereby the vehicle operation task is removed from all direct human control. Background The progressive automation of on‐road vehicles toward a completely driverless state is determined by the integration of technological advances into the private automobile market; improvements in transportation infrastructure and systems efficiencies; and the vision of future driving as a crash‐free enterprise. While there are many challenges to address with respect to automated vehicles concerning the remaining driver role, a considerable amount of technology is already present in vehicles and is advancing rapidly. Methods A multidisciplinary team of experts met to discuss the most critical challenges in the changing role of the driver, and associated safety issues, during the transitional phase of vehicle automation where human drivers continue to have an important but truncated role in monitoring and supervising vehicle operations. Results The group endorsed that vehicle automation is an important application of information technology, not only because of its impact on transportation efficiency, but also because road transport is a life critical system in which failures result in deaths and injuries. Five critical challenges were identified: driver independence and mobility, driver acceptance and trust, failure management, third-party testing, and political support. Conclusion Vehicle automation is not technical innovation alone, but is a social as much as a technological revolution consisting of both attendant costs and concomitant benefits.
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De Koker, Louis, Nicholas Morris, and Sue Jaffer. "Regulating Financial Services in an Era of Technological Disruption." Law in Context. A Socio-legal Journal 36, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26826/law-in-context.v36i2.98.
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Financial regulators are challenged to respond to the innovation opportunities presented by financial technology (fintech). Current rules are not necessarily sufficient or effective to adequately regulate new business models and new products relating to innovations such as crypto assets or digital financial services. Regulators that fail to respond in a timely manner may drive innovation offshore and deprive their markets and consumers of appropriate, new services. To respond to new financial innovation, regulators have been establishing innovation hubs and regulatory sandboxes. Innovation hubs enable them to engage innovators more effectively. Sandboxes allow the products to be tested in a controlled environment and enable to regulator to consider whether existing laws are appropriate to regulate such products and, of not, what measures may be required. Sandboxes are however resource intensive and they hold a number of risks. Financial regulators are, of course, not alone in having to address the regulatory challenges of innovation. This article therefore also considers other non-financial regulatory experiences of innovative products and services, namely automated vehicles; emissions trading in China; and Uber and its clones, to consider whether those experiences hold lessons for financial regulators.
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Marson, James, Katy Ferris, and Jill Dickinson. "The Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 Part 1 and Beyond: A Critical Review." Statute Law Review 41, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 395–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmz021.
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Abstract On 19 July 2018, the Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 (AEVA) received Royal Assent. As motor vehicles are becoming increasingly technologically based, with driving aids having taken over many of the more mundane (and possibly dangerous) aspects of driving from the driver, it is imperative that legislation keeps pace to determine the responsibilities of the parties. Motor insurance provides protection for those involved with vehicles and who may suffer harm, injury, and loss due to the negligence of the actors. This is most frequently driver error, but may also include manufacturing defects, which result in deaths and less serious injuries. It is also here where the intersection between torts and insurance laws needs careful management. It would be particularly unfair to ask drivers or third-party victims of motor vehicle accidents to seek redress from a manufacturer for losses incurred during the actions of an autonomous vehicle. Consumer law has historically removed this burden from affected consumers and it is entirely sensible for the law to protect individuals in an emerging field—and perhaps even more so given the trajectory of vehicles with driver-enabled qualities and the numbers of vehicles currently featuring such innovations. Yet, the AEVA consists of aspects which are troubling in respect of the motor insurance industry’s dominance of this market, the application of compulsory insurance, and exclusions and limitations to responsibility which expose policy holders and victims to EU-breaching levels of risk.
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Chen, Jiawei, Yan Li, Xiang Xu, and Xinbo Chen. "On the Lightweight Truss Structure for the Trash Can-Handling Robot." Actuators 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10090214.
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With the rapid development of cities, the automated and intelligent garbage transportation has become an important direction for technological innovation of sanitation vehicles. In this paper, a vehicle-mounted trash can-handling robot is proposed. In order to reduce the cost of the robot and increase the loading capacity of the intelligent sanitation vehicles, a lightweight design method is proposed for the truss structure of the robot. Firstly, the parameters of the robot that are related to the load are optimized by multi-objective parameter optimization based on particle swarm optimization. Then, the material distribution of the truss structure is optimized by topology optimization under multiple load cases. Finally, the thickness of the truss structure parts is optimized by discrete optimization under multiple load cases. The optimization results show that the mass of the truss structure is reduced by 8.72%, the inherent frequency is increased by 61.08%, and the maximum stress is reduced by 10.98%. The optimization results achieve the goal of performance optimization of the intelligent sanitation vehicle, and prove the feasibility of the proposed lightweight design method.
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Astarita, Vittorio, Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè, Giuseppe Guido, and Alessandro Vitale. "The convergence of Internet of Things, Blockchain and Connected Vehicles: Conceptual Advantages and Disadvantages of a new Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System." International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Management 03, no. 01 (March 1, 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/jttm.03.01.005.
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This paper intends to explore the convergence of some technological innovations that could lead to new cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The technologies that might soon converge and lead to some new developments are: the Blockchain Technology (BT) concept, Internet of Things (IoT) and Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). Advantages and disadvantages of the new concepts founding a new ITS system are discussed in this conceptual paper. Blockchain technology has been recently introduced and many research ideas have been presented for application in the transportation sector. In this paper, we discuss a system that is based on a dedicated blockchain, able to involve both drivers and city administrations in the adoption of promising and innovative technologies that will create cooperation among connected vehicles. The proposed blockchain-based system can allow city administrators to reward drivers when they are willing to share travel data. The system manages in a special way the creation of rewards which are assigned to drivers and institutions participating actively in the system. Moreover, the system allows keeping a complete track of all transactions and interactions between drivers and city management on a completely open and shared platform. The main idea is to combine connected vehicles with BT to promote Cooperative ITS use, a better use of infrastructures and a more sustainable eco-system of cryptocurrencies. A short description of BT is introduced to evidence energy problems of sustainability in the implementation of Proof of Work (PoW) that is adopted by many blockchains.
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Kan, Shuang, Wei Lyu, and Shiyu Zhao. "Evaluation of the Environmental Effect of Automated Vehicles Based on IVIULWG Operator Development." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 9669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159669.
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The automated vehicle (AV) industry is a new growing industry of great interest. The environmental friendliness of AVs represents a core characteristic of their leap-forward development. The environmental effect of AVs, including its evaluation framework and algorithm, is a leading research area for continued technological innovation and market development in this field. This study focuses on three environmental aspects: the energy effect of AVs, the traffic effect of AVs on ground space, and the air effect of AVs on three-dimensional atmospheric space. First, an environmental effect evaluation indicator system that includes nine indices for AVs is constructed to be the basis for management decision making. Second, the interval-valued intuitionistic uncertain fuzzy (IVIUF) evaluation variable is used to solve the problem of data features that incorporate “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers”. Moreover, geometric weights are added based on the generalized correlation aggregation operator. Then, the IVIUL-weighted geometric (IVIULWG) operator is developed, which includes the objective and subjective information of “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers” and makes the mathematical characteristics more scientific and accurate. Finally, an evaluation example is used to validate the effectiveness and practicability of the algorithm.
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Mustapha, A. B., and A. B. Abdullahi. "Design and Implementation of an Automated Train Transportation Ticketing System for Kaduna to Abuja Train Stations." advances in multidisciplinary & scientific research journal publication 26, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/isteams/v26p8-ieee-ng-ts.
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Transportation is an easy way of moving goods, people or animals from one place to another. There are different types of means to which things can be transported but the area we are going to concentrate on is transportation by train. Rail transport is a means of transporting people and goods from one place to another via a train. Trains are vehicles that runs on rails or tracks. Ever since humans came to existence, the drive we have towards knowledge, inventions and innovation is on an unending loop. Thanks to that, we have profoundly moved forward in terms of our technological developments and thus created things that added more value and efficiency to our day to day activities. In this work, we lay out a research intention directed at designing and implementing an automated train transportation ticketing system for the Kaduna-Abuja Train Stations. Keywords: Design, Implementation, Ticketing, Automated Train Transportation System, Kaduna, Abuja Train, Stations
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ZAINUDDIN, NIZAMUDIN, NORITA DERAMAN, VI VIAN LOH, and ABDULLAH HAFSAH. "A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON FLEXIBILITY ENABLERS IN LOGISTICS SURVIVABILITY." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v3i6.200.
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The demand uncertainty particularly during the outbreak of COVID-19 and the increasing competition of market have imposed pressures on the logistics industry to embrace the technology innovation. The pandemic caused a huge impact on world economies and communities and many companies were struggling to survive in this changing environment, thus leaving a question to the resilience of industry. In this situation, flexibility plays the key role for the logistics industry to recover from the supply chain crisis and get prepared for future uncertainties. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive insight on the technology innovations which enable the function of flexibility in logistics through a systematic literature analysis of papers from 2017 to 2022. Bibliometric analysis and content analysis are the methods used to analyse the multiple sources from different databases. The main research gaps in this paper is the flexibility enablers available in the logistics field, their implications on the logistics operations in terms of survivability performance are analysed and the challenges for the adoption of these flexibility enablers to the logistics service providers (LSPs) are identified. The identified flexibility enablers are blockchain, automated guided vehicle (AGV), drones, big data, radio frequency identification (RFID), cyber-physical system (CPS), sensors, cloud computing, augmented reality (AR), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), internet of things (IoT), digital twin, artificial Intelligence (AI) and information and communications technology (ICT). An implication model is set up to show the relationship of these flexibility with the logistics. The barriers to the LSPs to adopt the flexibility enablers are categorised into economic barriers, managerial barriers and operational barriers. Overall, these could provide some suggestions to the LSPs when they are considering the technological transformation and assist technology developers in identifying commercial opportunities.
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Piccinini, Fabio, Alban Gorreja, Francesco Di Stefano, Roberto Pierdicca, Luis Javier Sanchez Aparicio, and Eva Savina Malinverni. "Preservation of Villages in Central Italy: Geomatic Techniques’Integration and GIS Strategies for the Post-Earthquake Assessment." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11050291.
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Historical villages represent a highly vulnerable cultural heritage; their preservation can be ensured thanks to technological innovations in the field of geomatics and information systems. Among these, Geographical Information Systems (GISs) allow exploiting heterogeneous data for efficient vulnerability assessment, in terms of both time and usability. Geometric attributes, which currently are mainly inferred by visual inspections, can be extrapolated from data obtained by geomatic technologies. Furthermore, the integration with non-metric data ensures a more complete description of the post-seismic risk thematic mapping. In this paper, a high-performance information system for small urban realities, such as historical villages, is described, starting from the 3D survey obtained through the integrated management of recent innovative geomatic sensors, such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLSs), and 360º images. The results show that the proposed strategy of the automatic extraction of the parameters from the GIS can be generalized to other case studies, thus representing a straightforward method to enhance the decision-making of public administrations. Moreover, this work confirms the importance of managing heterogeneous geospatial data to speed up the vulnerability assessment process. The final result, in fact, is an information system that can be used for every village where data have been acquired in a similar way. This information could be used in the field by means of a GIS app that allows updating the geospatial database, improving the work of technicians. This approach was validated in Gabbiano(Pieve Torina), a village in Central Italy affected by earthquakes in 2016 and 2017.
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Yu, Haojie, and Shah Nazir. "Role of 5G and Artificial Intelligence for Research and Transformation of English Situational Teaching in Higher Studies." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (November 26, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3773414.
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We live in a modern and technological society run by intelligent and human-like machines and systems. This is due to the advancements in the field of artificial intelligence. The machines are directly or indirectly used in different sectors like healthcare, automatic vehicles, and complex decision-making and at the same used in educational institutes. The usage of AI-based systems and the Internet has brought numerous educational innovations for both teachers and students. With the online learning platforms grounded on AI techniques, 5G has revolutionized the teaching and learning methods by smooth and faster access to educational content. Students of foreign languages, especially English learners, can now use chatbots and intelligent tutoring systems to learn and practice their speaking and listening skills offline and online. With Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), the English learning process can now be interactive and productive. The students can now improve their language skills by conversing with AI-based agents instead of native speakers to avoid any fear and anxiety. The intelligent platforms can understand the consuming power of the student and hence can create and give content according to their level to create an individualized learning environment. With the help of digital assistants, people can also find it very easy and productive to improve English proficiency. To accomplish the goal of English teaching very easily and ideally, the teachers should use AI-based techniques in the classrooms. With the help of intelligent assistants for the daily workload of a teacher, we will be able to concentrate fully on the language learning and skills of the students. The current study has presented a detailed overview of 5G and AI’s role in research and transformation of English situational teaching in higher studies. The search results are compiled and presented with different details of the area.
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Chen, Kai, Cheng Xu, Hongzhe Liu, Pengfei Wang, and Ziyi Chen. "Blockchain-Based Dangerous Driving Map Data Cognitive Model in 5G-V2X for Smart City Security." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (April 14, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8922289.
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The development of 5G network communication has brought technological innovation to smart city communication, making the realization of V2X (vehicle to everything) technology possible. Vehicles wirelessly communicate with other vehicles, sensors, pedestrians, and roadside units, raising data security issues while driving. In order to ensure driving safety, the risk map cognitive model is established with the help of blockchain technology. In this model, the key map data and personal privacy information are encrypted and uploaded to form a blockchain, and the smart contract technology is used for automatic script processing. Then, according to different risk scenarios, cognitive learning is carried out for different risk levels, the cognitive results and corresponding operations are fed back to the intelligent vehicle, and these operations ensure the safe operation of the vehicle according to the intelligent vehicle. Finally, the feasibility of the model was verified by comparing different dangerous scenarios. The experimental results show that this risk cognition model can cognize the data of the intelligent vehicle according to different danger scenarios, and the model can transmit acceleration, deceleration, braking, and other behaviors to the intelligent vehicle to ensure smart city driving safety.
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Alexander Alexandrovich, Kudryavtsev, and Michelle Francua Fumby. "TECHNOLOGIES OF AUTOMATED PASSENGERS COUNTING INSIDE HIGH-AUTOMATED VEHICLES OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT." World of transport and technological machines 75, no. 4 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2021-75-4-74-82.
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Technological aspects are observed conserning high-automated public transport vehicles operation. The role of real-time information and automatic door closing of the unmanned vehicles is highlited. Also bescribed how automatic counting passengers can be used inside information services for passengers and for more presice controlling at managing «green lines» for proper filled buses and trams can be used.
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Hao, Ying, Mingshun Guo, and Yijing Guo. "Predicting technological innovation in new energy vehicles based on an improved radial basis function neural network for policy synergy." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 25, 2022): e0271316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271316.
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Policy synergy is necessary to promote technological innovation and sustainable industrial development. A radial basis function (RBF) neural network model with an automatic coding machine and fractional momentum was proposed for the prediction of technological innovation. Policy keywords for China’s new energy vehicle policies issued over the years were quantified by the use of an Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model. The training of the neural network model was completed by using policy keywords, synergy was measured as the input layer, and the number of synchronous patent applications was measured as the output layer. The predictive efficacies of the traditional neural network model and the improved neural network model were compared again to verify the applicability and accuracy of the improved neural network. Finally, the influence of the degree of synergy on technological innovation was revealed by changing the intensity of policy measures. This study provides a basis for the relevant departments to formulate industrial policies and improve innovation performance by enterprises.
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Goodall, Noah. "Non-technological challenges for the remote operation of automated vehicles." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 142 (December 2020): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.09.024.
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Walker Smith, Bryant. "How Reporters Can Evaluate Automated Driving Announcements." Journal of Law and Mobility, no. 2020 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36635/jlm.2020.how.
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This article identifies a series of specific questions that reporters can ask about claims made by developers of automated motor vehicles (“AVs”). Its immediate intent is to facilitate more critical, credible, and ultimately constructive reporting on progress toward automated driving. In turn, reporting of this kind advances three additional goals. First, it encourages AV developers to qualify and support their public claims. Second, it appropriately manages public expectations about these vehicles. Third, it fosters more technical accuracy and technological circumspection in legal and policy scholarship.
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Jucha, Peter, and Tatiana Corejova. "STUDENTS 'OPINION OF A SELECTED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION ON THE USE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN ORDINARY LIFE." Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT 2 (October 24, 2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pns.v2.150.
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Technological progress is becoming more significant every year, and people are witnessing a number of innovations that are becoming part of their daily lives. The development of technology is advancing at great speed because the needs and requirements of people are becoming more and more difficult to meet, and so innovations are being developed to help fulfill these needs. However, not all people accept technological progress and innovation positively. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the opinion of people, specifically students of the selected higher education institution, on new technologies and innovations. In particular we wish to evaluate their general attitude towards technological innovation, but also their views on the use of specific technologies such as robots, drones or autonomous vehicles. Students' responses as to whether they would like them and whether they would be satisfied with the aforementioned innovations being widely used in the future vary. Some would benefit from the use of such innovations, others would not. Some students don't like it because people could lose their jobs and others don't really believe in such innovations. The results of the paper provide an evaluation of all the answers given by the students.
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Katis, Christodoulos, and Athanasios Karlis. "Evolution of Equipment in Electromobility and Autonomous Driving Regarding Safety Issues." Energies 16, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031271.
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Over the years, an increase in the traffic of electric and hybrid electric vehicles and vehicles with hydrogen cells is being observed, while at the same time, self-driving cars are appearing as a modern trend in transportation. As the years pass, their equipment will evolve. So, considering the progress in vehicle equipment over the years, additional technological innovations and applications should be proposed in the near future. Having that in mind, an analytical review of the progress of equipment in electromobility and autonomous driving is performed in this paper. The outcomes of this review comprise hints for additional complementary technological innovations, applications, and operating constraints along with proposals for materials, suggestions and tips for the future. The aforementioned hints and tips aim to help in securing proper operation of each vehicle part and charging equipment in the future, and make driving safer in the future. Finally, this review paper concludes with a discussion and bibliographic references.
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Dumler, Elena, Roza Vakhitova, Diana Saracheva, and Tatyana Makarova. "Simulation of Automated Machine Tool Systems." EPJ Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 04023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124804023.
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A method of multi-nomenclature production in terms of technical and economic indicators was considered. An integrated design system that is able to assess the real relationship in the system “partmachine-transport device-device-tool” was proposed, and arelationship between the elements of an automated machine tool system was examined. The structure of an automated machine tool system, proposed in the form of a mixed graph, represented by sets described by nonlinear equations, was considered. The definitions of the sets of elements for an automated machine tool system that characterize the properties of technological objects were formulated. The main objects of design in the technological project of an automated machine system of multi-nomenclature production were determined and a graphical interpretation of the automated machine tool system was presented. It was revealed that technological equipment, the main technological machines, cutting and auxiliary tools and vehicles adequately describe manufacturing process for group of parts and are the main objects of designing technological projects for an automated machine system of multi-product manufacturing. The relationships between the elements indicated in the graph allow us to formalize and to establish the relationship between the individual components of an automated machine system, indicating in this way the need to develop a formal methodology for synthesizing the structure of an automated machine system.
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Kristal, Maxim, and Tatiana Kisel. "Economic efficiency of innovations in construction: the use of the pilotless equipment." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825105006.
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The developments in the field of pilotless transport and equipment act as one of the modern and most perspective directions of the development of modern science and technology. The vehicles, equipped with the system of automatic control, are able to move in the space on the basis of the set algorithm of actions and the instant analysis of the surrounding situation. Thus, they have great prospects of the use in various spheres and will allow to lower the expenses of human labour, accident rate and fuel consumption. The identification of prospects and directions of the use of the pilotless and automated vehicles in construction projects is carried out in this article on the example of road construction. Studying of the existing developments of the pilotless equipment has already allowed to simulate the process of carrying out some earthwork with the use of (Unmanned aerial vehicles) UAVs. As the introduction of the pilotless vehicles and equipment demands some investment expenses, the economic efficiency of the project is calculated. The result of the calculation of the economy, gained with the use of the pilotless equipment has proved the efficiency of such investments.
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Hartmann, Martin, and Peter Vortisch. "A German Passenger Car and Heavy Vehicle Stock Model: Towards an Autonomous Vehicle Fleet." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 46 (June 17, 2018): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782042.
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Automated vehicles are becoming a reality. Many pilot projects have already begun demonstrating the technological capabilities, as public authorities now allow the testing of automated vehicles in real traffic. To smooth the transition from a conventional to an automated fleet, effective fiscal and regulatory policies must be developed by governmental agencies. But at what rate will automated vehicles actually be adopted, and what automation technology will be available for use in new cars joining the national fleet? A national vehicle stock model can be used to answer these questions and to observe the aggregate impact of governmental policies on individual vehicle purchase decisions. In this paper, we present a passenger car and heavy vehicle stock cohort model that forecasts the diffusion of automation technology in Germany. The model uses national data on vehicle stock and vehicle utilization patterns on German freeways and predicts market shares of generic automation levels in predefined instances of a trend scenario. Results point toward market saturation of automated vehicles beyond 2050, with almost 90% of the passenger car fleet being classified as at least partially automatized by this date. The results also suggest that technology diffusion will be faster in the heavy vehicle fleet than in the passenger car fleet. This implies a positive correlation between emission-linked road user charges for heavy vehicles on the freeway network and the renewal rate of the heavy vehicle fleet. The forecast shares of automated vehicles can be used as an input for traffic flow simulations or as a basis for those infrastructure measures and traffic policies that are sensitive to the share of automated vehicles.
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Tabattanon, Kamolnat, and Clive D’Souza. "Accessibility Retrofit of a Shared Automated Vehicle: Challenges and Lessons Learned." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (September 2021): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651168.
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Driverless shared automated vehicles (SAVs) have the potential to substantially improve independent mobility for the growing number of older adults and people with disabilities who are unable or ineligible to drive. However, early designs and deployments of SAVs have lacked accommodations for people with disabilities. This article describes a case study where post-production modifications were performed on a commercial electric SAV in an attempt to comply with US accessibility guidelines for conventional vehicles. Findings emphasize the key human factors considerations for physical accessibility and some lessons learned in order to inform the broader conversation about the accessible design of emerging SAVs. The case study highlights the need for considering accessibility and usability early in the design of complex technological systems such as automated vehicles.
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Bissell, David, Thomas Birtchnell, Anthony Elliott, and Eric L. Hsu. "Autonomous automobilities: The social impacts of driverless vehicles." Current Sociology 68, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 116–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118816743.
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Autonomous vehicles are one of the most highly anticipated technological developments of our time, with potentially wide-ranging social implications. Where dominant popular discourses around autonomous vehicles have tended to espouse a crude form of technological determinism, social scientific engagements with autonomous vehicles have tended to focus on rather narrow utilitarian dimensions related to regulation, safety or efficiency. This article argues that what is therefore largely missing from current debates is a sensitivity to the broader social implications of autonomous vehicles. The article aims to remedy this absence. Through a speculative mode, it is shown how a mobilities approach provides an ideal conceptual lens through which the broader social impacts of autonomous vehicles might be identified and evaluated. The argument is organized across four dimensions: transformations to experiences, inequalities, labour and systems. The article develops an agenda for critical sociological work on automated vehicles; and it calls on sociologists to contribute much-needed critical voices to the institutional and public debates on the development of autonomous vehicles.
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Howell, L. J. "Applied Mechanics Problems in Automotive Engineering." Applied Mechanics Reviews 39, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 1682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3149510.
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The automotive industry is undergoing a technological revolution unparalleled since its infancy. Increased foreign competition, particularly in terms of product cost, has created a need for technological innovation both in automotive products and in automotive manufacturing and assembly processes. Applied mechanics research has become a critical element in many of the areas which can promote improved products and process efficiency. Several major research programs which are underway at General Motors will be reviewed and used to motivate the discussion of important applied mechanics problems. Research examples will include automated vehicle design technology, advanced materials, and mechanics of manufacturing processes. Suggested research spans the entire range of the applied mechanics field, from basic theory to numerical applications. Experimental research is as vital to further progress as is analytical research. Considerably more emphasis should be given to relating mechanical performance of the finished product to its fabrication.
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Gomilevskaya, Galina Aleksandrovna, and Danil Alekseevich Savluk. "Technological and organizational tools of hotel innovations: global and regional practice." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2022, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-3-78-88.
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In conditions of the modern market successful management of placement enterprises requires strategic and innovative approaches to updating the quality characteristics of products and services, because now is the time of high technologies and automated systems that greatly simplify and accelerate work, almost the whole world develops, implements and implements innovative technologies in many areas of activity, including industry hospitality. At the same time, the world and Russian practice of implementing innovations in hotels shows their uneven distribution at the regional level. The introduced innovations of the most high-tech hotels in the world are analyzed. Technological innovations are stated to make the process of serving guests more convenient, faster and safer. In Russia, most of the hotels that use modern high-tech innovations are located in the capital. Based on the domestic and international experience of innovative development of the hotel business, there has been developed a model for using the hotel innovations at the regional level, and the leading hospitality enterprises in Vladivostok are taken as an example. The innovations in the hotels Lotte Hotel Vladivostok (5 stars), Azimut (4 stars), Equator Art Congress Hotel (3 stars) are considered in detail. There has been considered the author's classification of innovative technologies in the hotel business. The systematization of the data of the innovation rating and the number of rooms of the Primorsky Kray, the hotel infrastructure of Vladivostok and the level of use of innovative technologies in the hotel enterprises of Vladivostok has been carried out.
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Bakhmutov, S. V., S. P. Chuprunov, and V. V. Debelov. "IASF-2022 results." Trudy NAMI, no. 4 (January 3, 2023): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2022-4-6-14.
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On 18–19 October 2022, the annual International Automobile Scientific Forum (IASF-2022) “Sustainable Development of Russian Automotive Industry under Present-Day Conditions” took place. The event format assumed both offline and online participation. The issues of providing technological sovereignty of the Russian automotive industry and development of domestic component base, technical and technological developments in the field of innovative land vehicles and systems were discussed during the Forum. Within the Forum, an exhibition of technical achievements of FSUE “NAMI” and manufacturers of automotive vehicles and components was held dedicated to the domestic innovative solutions in terms of vehicle decarbonization, highly automated intelligent vehicles and intelligent control systems. Components of electric, hybrid and intelligent vehicles, electronic control units, assemblies and aggregates of powertrains, electric traction vehicles and hybrid vehicles with additional power sources were also presented. The competition was held in two categories: “Best Student Scientific Paper” and “Best Graduate Student and Young Specialist Scientific Paper”. 18 applications were fi led for the competition from the educational, scientific and production companies and organizations.
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Warner, Laura, Alicia Rihn, Amy Fulcher, Susan Schexnayder, and Anthony LeBude. "Relating Grower Perceptions and Adoption of Automated Nursery Technologies to Address Labor Needs." Journal of Agricultural Education 63, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2022.02150.
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This study examined factors that shape how nursery growers perceive automated nursery technologies and evaluate how these perceptions relate to growers’ adoption. We applied Rogers’ (2003) Diffusion of Innovations to understand growers’ perceptions of automated technologies to inform Extension programming serving niche audiences in the nursery and horticulture arenas. Data were collected via a mixed-mode survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. Nursery growers indicated fairly strong perceptions of observability, relative advantage, and compatibility. Automated nursery technologies were not perceived as being complex. Notably, perceptions of trialability were low. Compatibility, complexity, and trialability predicted growers’ current adoption of automated technologies. Relative advantage, complexity, and compatibility predicted the future adoption of automated nursery technologies. Compatibility was the most important predictor of both current use and the likelihood of adopting automated nursery technologies. Extension professionals, researchers, and others who support the nursery industry can use these findings to encourage the adoption of technological innovations. Chiefly, automated nursery technologies need to be designed with compatibility in mind (e.g., adaptable to nursery operations’ existing infrastructure, values, and goals). Uptake could be accelerated by emphasizing compatibility (e.g., conveying how these technologies can be integrated into existing systems and how the current labor force’s skillsets can be applied to new technologies). This study considered a suite of automated nursery technologies to provide a starting point in developing and diffusing these types of innovations. Future research should examine the characteristics of specific technologies to pinpoint precise strategies aimed at behavioral adoption.
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Chen, Guo Qing. "Design of Automatic Baby Nursing Trolley Based on Intelligent Sensing Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (October 2014): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.258.
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This paper study and solve the design and manufacture of baby care car, its unique function is the baby carriage can be used as a baby bed, when necessary, it can also become a nursing car, sensor in the vehicle can be real-time detected whether the baby bed wetting and induction time will give parents information feedback; the humidity sensing probe controlled by single chip microcomputer and with the bottle clamp flexible connecting rod, can realize the baby auxiliary nurse; remote wireless communication system can allow parents to monitor children's state. The design of intelligent baby carriage, to enhance the technological content of products, promote the innovation of design China bassinet production, has the important practical significance to seize the smart baby car market.
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Fitzen, Florian, Jan Reimann, Maximilian Amereller, and Kristin Paetzold. "Quantitative Characterisation for Non-Driving-Related Activities in Automated Vehicles." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 2893–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.296.
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AbstractThe technological progress to automated driving not only influences the motion of the vehicle itself but also enables passengers to productively shape their driving time in a new way as they are not occupied with driving tasks anymore. Therefore, non-driving-related activities such as sleeping, working on a notebook or watching movies, become relevant user scenarios for functionally designing the automotive interior. For this purpose, a non-driving-related activity can be described by functions, which support the users in performing their intentional tasks, and functions carriers, which fulfil one or several functions. Basing on previous research findings, a quantitative survey is conducted in order to identify relevant and prioritised functions and function carriers. Five non-driving-related activities are taken into account: 'Making a call', 'sleeping', 'watching a movie', 'talking to passengers' and 'working on a notebook'. Results show a significant difference between general relevancy and specific prioritisation of functions and function carriers. In this contribution, the setup of the study is described, the outcome exemplified and further research steps are deduced.
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Boric, Sandra, Edgar Schiebel, Christian Schlögl, Michaela Hildebrandt, Christina Hofer, and Doris M. Macht. "Research in Autonomous Driving – A Historic Bibliometric View of the Research Development in Autonomous Driving." International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development 7, no. 5 (December 2021): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.74.2003.
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Autonomous driving has become an increasingly relevant issue for policymakers, the industry, service providers, infrastructure companies, and science. This study shows how bibliometrics can be used to identify the major technological aspects of an emerging research field such as autonomous driving. We examine the most influential publications and identify research fronts of scientific activities until 2017 based on a bibliometric literature analysis. Using the science mapping approach, publications in the research field of autonomous driving were retrieved from Web of Science and then structured using the bibliometric software BibTechMon by the AIT (Austrian Institute of Technology). At the time of our analysis, we identified four research fronts in the field of autonomous driving: (I) Autonomous Vehicles and Infrastructure, (II) Driver Assistance Systems, (III) Autonomous Mobile Robots, and (IV) IntraFace, i.e., automated facial image analysis. Researchers were working extensively on technologies that support the navigation and collection of data. Our analysis indicates that research was moving towards autonomous navigation and infrastructure in the urban environment. A noticeable number of publications focused on technologies for environment detection in automated vehicles. Still, research pointed at the technological challenges to make automated driving safe.
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Boric, Sandra, Edgar Schiebel, Christian Schlögl, Michaela Hildebrandt, Christina Hofer, and Doris M. Macht. "Research in Autonomous Driving – A Historic Bibliometric View of the Research Development in Autonomous Driving." International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development 7, no. 5 (December 2021): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.75.2003.
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Autonomous driving has become an increasingly relevant issue for policymakers, the industry, service providers, infrastructure companies, and science. This study shows how bibliometrics can be used to identify the major technological aspects of an emerging research field such as autonomous driving. We examine the most influential publications and identify research fronts of scientific activities until 2017 based on a bibliometric literature analysis. Using the science mapping approach, publications in the research field of autonomous driving were retrieved from Web of Science and then structured using the bibliometric software BibTechMon by the AIT (Austrian Institute of Technology). At the time of our analysis, we identified four research fronts in the field of autonomous driving: (I) Autonomous Vehicles and Infrastructure, (II) Driver Assistance Systems, (III) Autonomous Mobile Robots, and (IV) IntraFace, i.e., automated facial image analysis. Researchers were working extensively on technologies that support the navigation and collection of data. Our analysis indicates that research was moving towards autonomous navigation and infrastructure in the urban environment. A noticeable number of publications focused on technologies for environment detection in automated vehicles. Still, research pointed at the technological challenges to make automated driving safe.
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Ma, Tiejun, and Frank McGroarty. "Social Machines: How Recent Technological Advances have Aided Financialisation." Journal of Information Technology 32, no. 3 (September 2017): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41265-017-0037-7.
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In recent years, financial markets have been fundamentally transformed by innovations in information technology, in particular with regard to the web, social networks, high-speed computer networks and mobile technologies. We borrow the concept of Social Machines from Web Science as a single concept that captures the essence of all these recent technological changes to argue that the emergence of these Social Machines has aided the transformation of financial markets and society. This study explores the formation of these Social Machines with three sample disruptive technologies – automated/high-frequency trading, social network analytics and smart mobile technology. Through critical reflective analysis of these three case studies, we assess the impact of information technology innovation on financialisation. We adopt three case studies – automated trading; market information extraction using social media technologies; and information diffusion and trader decision-making with mobile technology on financial and real sector changes – which demonstrate the increasing trend of transaction velocity, speculative trading, increased complex information network, accelerated inequality and leverage. Our findings demonstrate that technologically enabled financial Social Machines harness crowd wisdom, engage disparate individual traders to produce more accurate price estimations, and have enhanced decision-making capability. However, these same changes can also have a simultaneously detrimental effect on financial and real sectors, in some situations exacerbating underlying distortions, such as misinformation due to complex information networks, speculative trading behaviour, and higher volatility with transaction velocity. Overall, we conclude that these innovations have transformed the fundamental nature of key aspects of the finance industry and society as a whole.
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Lutsey, Nicholas, and Daniel Sperling. "Energy Efficiency, Fuel Economy, and Policy Implications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1941, no. 1 (January 2005): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194100102.
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In the past 20 years, the acceleration performance of light-duty vehicles in the United States has improved substantially while vehicles have gotten larger and heavier. Over the same period, fuel economy, measured as miles per gallon, has not improved. These data suggest that technological innovation in vehicles is not lagging but is not being used to improve vehicle fuel economy. This paper quantifies vehicle efficiency improvements in U.S. light-duty vehicles since 1975 as they relate to fuel consumption. Energy efficiency improvements have been strongly positive and relatively constant since 1975. The rapid rise in fuel economy in the late 1970s was due to a mix of efficiency improvements and downgrading of utility in the form of reduced size, power, and elimination of accessories and amenities (such as air conditioning). In contrast, since the mid-1980s, fuel economy has remained constant while the benefits of technological innovation were used to satisfy private desires (more power, size, and amenities), instead of the public interest (reduced greenhouse gas emissions and oil imports). An important policy question is how and to what extent future efficiency innovations might be directed to the public interest.
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Walker, Curtis L., Brenda Boyce, Christopher P. Albrecht, and Amanda Siems-Anderson. "Will Weather Dampen Self-Driving Vehicles?" Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): E1914—E1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0035.1.
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AbstractInnovative technologies that support implementation of automated vehicles continue to develop at a rapid pace. These advances strive to increase efficiency and safety throughout the global transportation network. One important challenge to these emergent technologies that remains underappreciated is how the vehicles will perform in adverse weather. Each year, weather-related vehicular crashes account for approximately 21% of all highway crashes in the United States. These crashes result in over 5,300 fatalities, injure over 418,000 people, and cost billions of dollars in insurance claims, liability, emergency services, congestion delays, rehabilitation, and environmental damage annually. Automated vehicles have the potential to significantly mitigate these statistics; however, public, private, and academic partnerships between the meteorological and transportation communities must be established to develop solutions to weather impacts now. To date, such interactions have been sparse and largely contribute to a lack of awareness in how these two communities may collaborate together. The purpose of this manuscript is to call the meteorological community to action and proactive engagement with the transportation community. A secondary goal is to make the transportation community aware of the advantages of teaming with the weather enterprise. Automated vehicles will not only increase travel safety, but also have benefits to the meteorological community through increasing availability of high-resolution surface data observations. The future challenges of these emergent technologies in the context of road weather implications focus on vehicle situational awareness and technological sensing capability in all weather conditions, and transforming how drivers and vehicles are informed of weather threats beyond sensing capabilities.
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Michalski, Jeff M., and James A. Purdy. "Innovations in Three-Dimensional Treatment Planning and Quality Assurance." Tumori Journal 84, no. 2 (March 1998): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169808400207.
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Radiation therapy treatment planning and treatment delivery are in the process of changing dramatically over the next several years. This change has been driven in large part by continued advances in computer hardware and software and in medical imaging. Three-dimensional radiation treatment planning systems are rapidly being implemented in clinics around the world. These developments in turn have prompted manufacturers to employ advanced microcircuitry and computer technology to produce treatment delivery systems capable of precise shaping of dose distributions via computer-controlled multileaf collimators which cause the beam intensity to be varied across the beam. Image-based 3D planning and beam intensity modulated delivery systems show significant potential for improving the quality of radiotherapy and improving the efficiency with which radiation therapy can be planned and delivered. However, significant research and development work on these systems and their clinical use remains to be performed. The techniques used for the treatment planning and the methods used for quality assurance procedures and testing must all be revised and/or redesigned to allow efficient clinical use of these technological advances. Although much of the current 3D radiation therapy process requires interactive tasks (and some still very laborious) the path is clear toward solving the technological obstacles so that a nearly automated planning, delivery, and verification system will become a reality over the next decade. Such systems will allow radiation oncologists to significantly increase dose to many tumor sites while concomitantly lowering doses to critical organs-at-risk. Most of the tasks will be automated, thus lowering the overall costs currently needed to provide high-quality external beam radiation therapy.
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Tomasevic, Nebojsa, Kristie L. Young, Tim Horberry, and Brian Fildes. "A Path towards Sustainable Vehicle Automation: Willingness to Engage in Level 3 Automated Driving." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 12, 2022): 4602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084602.
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This paper describes a driving simulator study exploring driver willingness to engage in automated driving. The study aimed to explore factors that may influence willingness to engage (WTE) in automated driving and willingness to resume control (WTRC) in Level 3 automated vehicles during everyday driving. Automated driving is an emerging technology that promises a range of benefits. The first step towards sustainable automated driving is the successful introduction of Level 3 automated vehicles. This study investigates key factors that influence the driver’s willingness to engage in automated driving in a Level 3 automated vehicle. A purpose-built driving simulator was used. Forty participants were exposed to driving situations of differing complexity in both manual and automated driving modes, and their willingness to engage or disengage automated driving and perception of safety were recorded. Results demonstrated a strong negative effect of perceived situation complexity on willingness to engage in automated driving. Other significant factors that determine drivers’ willingness to engage in automated driving were trust in automation and driving enjoyment. The identification of perceived situation complexity as a significant factor in drivers’ willingness to engage the automated driving vehicle control mode was the major finding of this research. This finding suggests that it is possible to improve the rate of uptake and sustainability of automated driving with external interventions (technological, regulatory and publicity).
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Freemark, Yonah, Anne Hudson, and Jinhua Zhao. "Policies for Autonomy: How American Cities Envision Regulating Automated Vehicles." Urban Science 4, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci4040055.
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Local governments play an important role in structuring urban transportation through street design, zoning, and shared jurisdiction over ride-hailing, transit, and road pricing. While cities can harness these powers to steer planning outcomes, there is little research about what local officials think about regulatory changes related to autonomous vehicles (AV). We compile key AV-related policies recommended by scholars but rarely implemented, and conduct a survey of municipal officials throughout the United States, exploring their personal support and perceptions of bureaucratic capacity, legal limits, and political backing for each policy. This paper finds broad personal support for regulations related to right-of-way, equity, and land use, such as for increasing pedestrian space, expanding access for low-income people, and reducing sprawl. However, officials emphasized uncertain bureaucratic and legal capacity for city intervention outside of these areas, reaffirming limited local power in the federal system. Only a minority expected political support for any policy. Greater population size and more liberal resident political ideologies are strongly associated with personal and political support for many policies. Local population growth is correlated with greater capacity to undertake policies. This work contributes to the growing literature on transportation governance in the context of technological uncertainty.
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Nikolaev, A. D., and А. S. Petrunicheva. "Automated identification of spills oil with the help of a group of unmanned aircraft." Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic), no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2301-03.
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The issues of automation of technological processes are of particular relevance because of the development of the information technology segment. One of the priority tasks for which digital tools are integrated is the monitoring of oil spills. The main purpose of the presented article is to analyze the issue of automated identification of oil spills by means of unmanned aerial vehicles. The paper uses theoretical and statistical research methods. To obtain more up-to-date and accurate information, the author uses the results of domestic and foreign scientific research. The article discusses the technical aspects of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the identification of oil spills.
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Ferreira, António, Kim von Schönfeld, Wendy Tan, and Enrica Papa. "Maladaptive Planning and the Pro-Innovation Bias: Considering the Case of Automated Vehicles." Urban Science 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci4030041.
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This article argues that a more critical approach to innovation policy within planning is needed and offers recommendations for achieving this. These recommendations entail rethinking the values, focus, speed, and legitimacy of innovations. It takes a critical perspective on how contemporary societies treat rapid innovation as having necessarily positive results in the achievement of objectives such as sustainability and justice. This critical perspective is needed because innovation can both contribute to and drive a form of maladaptive planning: a collective approach to reality that imposes constant and rapid changes to societal configurations due to an obsession with the new and with too little rapport with the problems in place or that it creates. A maladaptive direction for transport planning is used as a sectorial illustration of the broader conceptual ideas presented: for both sustainability and social justice reasons, it would be desirable to see peak car occurring. However, the car industry is presenting driving automation as an innovation with the potential to restore the vitality of the private vehicles market while creating effective means to dismiss alternatives to car dominance.
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Matysiak, Arkadiusz, and Paula Razin. "Analysis of the advancements in real-life performance of highly automated vehicles' with regard to the road traffic safety." MATEC Web of Conferences 231 (2018): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823105003.
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The article presents the analysis of the performance of the vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS) which were tested in real-life road conditions from 2015 to 2017 in the state of California. It aims at the effort to assess the impact on the road safety the continuous technological advancements in driving automation might have, based on of the first large-scale, real-life test deployments. Vehicle manufacturers and other stakeholders testing the highly automated vehicles in California are obliged to issue yearly reports which provide an insight on the test scale as well as the technology maturity. The so-called 'disengagement reports' highlight the range and number of control takeovers between the ADS and driver, which are made either based on driver's decision or information provided by the vehicle itself. The analysis of these reports allowed to investigate the development made in automated driving technology throughout the years of tests, as well as the direct or indirect influence of the external factors (e.g. various weather conditions) on the ADS performance. The results show that there is still a significant gap in reliability and safety between human drivers and highly automated vehicles which has been yet steadily decreasing due to technology advancements made while driving in the specific infrastructure and traffic conditions of California.
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Karimi, Hamid Reza. "Guest Editorial: Special issue on recent technological innovations in automation and control systems for marine vehicles." Control Engineering Practice 116 (November 2021): 104928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2021.104928.
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Vasilyev, S. A., S. A. Mishin, S. E. Limonov, and O. A. Nadezhdina. "Mechatronic module design of the control system of the braking mechanism and the clutch for transport and technological vehicles." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 032007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/3/032007.
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Abstract Mechatronic module design of the control system of the braking mechanism and the clutch for transport and technological vehicles consisting of a screw pair, mechanical parts, a pedal, a servo drive and electronic systems is given in the article. Calculations of the developed structural elements of the control system of the braking mechanism and the clutch were made using software and dataware of NX automated systems. It is proved that the proposed assemblies meet the specified reliability requirements in real operating conditions which were graphically simulated taking into account the characteristics of materials, mechanical and other physical impacts on the vehicle. Based on the results of virtual tests of the models, we improved the mechatronic module design of the control system of the braking mechanism and the clutch for transport and technological vehicles
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Martínez-Díaz, Margarita, Francesc Soriguera, and Ignacio Pérez. "Technology: A Necessary but Not Sufficient Condition for Future Personal Mobility." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 11, 2018): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114141.
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Technological advances revolutionize industrial processes, science, communications, and our way of life. However, developed societies have reached a stage in which the fascination with technological innovations often results in their indiscriminate consumption. In this paper, road traffic is used as a line of argument to demonstrate that the random introduction of technology does not imply benefits to society. Particularly, it is analyzed why some of the potential benefits of technological progress are lost in fields such as traffic monitoring, data handling, and traffic management, or in sustainable mobility initiatives, such as the introduction of electric vehicles or the implementation vehicle sharing projects. The risks faced in the future advent of autonomous vehicles are also discussed, and ideas for improvement suggested. A critical reflection on other transportation modes that are expected to be realized in the near future is included as well. The performed analysis evidences that the potential improvement in personal mobility will not become a reality if it exclusively relies on the latest technological devices, in line with consumers’ fantasies or economic interests. This is a statement that could be generalized to many other fields. The implementation/consumption of a particular technology should not be an objective in itself, but a tool to bring benefits to society.
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Harrison, Gillian, Simon P. Shepherd, and Haibo Chen. "Modelling Uptake Sensitivities of Connected and Automated Vehicle Technologies." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 10, no. 2 (April 2021): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2021040106.
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Connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies and services are rapidly developing and have the potential to revolutionise the transport systems. However, like many innovations, the uptake pathways are uncertain. The focus of this article is on improving understanding of factors that may affect the uptake of highly and fully automated vehicles, with a particular interest in the role of the internet of things (IoT). Using system dynamic modelling, sensitivity testing towards vehicle attributes (e.g., comfort, safety, familiarity) is carried out and scenarios were developed to explore how CAV uptake can vary under different conditions based around the quality of IoT provision. Utility and poor IoT are found to have the biggest influence. Attention is then given to CAV ‘services' that are characterized by the attributes explored earlier in the paper, and it is found that they could contribute to a 20% increase in market share.
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Gowripeddi Hari kumar and N Ramanjaneyulu. "Recent innovations in indian banking sector." Journal of Management and Science 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.12.1.
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The banking sector plays asignificant role in the development of a country's economy. The development of the banking sector depends on the services they provide to customers from different angles. New competitors into the market, new business models, changing customer expectations and the breakdown of traditional services are all pushing traditional banks to launch new technology in their operations. The revolution in the banking sector led to the introduction of Automated Teller Machines (ATM’s), Cash Deposit Machines (CDM), Debit cards and Credit cards, Cheque Truncation System (CTS), NEFT (National Electronic Fund Transfers), RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement), Mobile banking, Internet banking etc. However technological advances around the world have created pressure to use better technology in the banking sector. This paper highlights the diverse innovative products and services offered by Indian banks. The quoted figures are taken from secondary sources.Finally, this paper makes a critical analysis of the acceptance and acceptance of these innovations by banking customers. Primary data were used for this analysis. This paper is detailed in nature and aims to illuminate the knowledge of the readers.
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Ibrahim, Mahmoud, Anton Rassõlkin, Toomas Vaimann, and Ants Kallaste. "Overview on Digital Twin for Autonomous Electrical Vehicles Propulsion Drive System." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020601.
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The significant progress in the electric automotive industry brought a higher need for new technological innovations. Digital Twin (DT) is one of the hottest trends of the fourth industrial revolution. It allows representing physical assets under various operating conditions in a low-cost and zero-risk environment. DTs are used in many different fields from aerospace to healthcare. However, one of the perspective applications of such technology is the automotive industry. This paper presents an overview of the implementation of DT technology in electric vehicles (EV) propulsion drive systems. A general review of DT technology is supplemented with main applications analysis and comparison between different simulation technologies. Primary attention is given to the adaptation of DT technology for EV propulsion drive systems.
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Köhler, Anna-Lena, Julia Pelzer, Kristian Seidel, and Stefan Ladwig. "Sitting Postures and Activities in Autonomous Vehicles – New Requirements towards Occupant Safety." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 1874–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631327.
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In the context of autonomous driving, new possibilities for passenger positions and occupation arise. Vehicle concepts provide more degrees of freedom for seating configurations and different activities as a passenger, leading to a need for advanced protection principles. The H2020-project OSCCAR analyses occupant safety requirements for highly automated vehicles (HAV) and defines technological developments necessary for novel safety principles. In order to understand the potential of novel sitting postures and activities in the context of autonomous driving, an empirical user study was conducted to examine the impact of different scenarios on preferred sitting postures in a simulated automated driving situation. Results gave insights into detailed sitting postures that are most likely to be obtained by occupants in future use cases. The results serve as input to a test case matrix in order to design future occupant restraint principles.
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Maistrenko, Nikolay A., Viktor P. Uvarov, Aleksandr G. Levshin, Dmitriy O. Khort, and Olesya S. Vorotnikova. "Unification of Calculating the Performance of Vehicles and Transport-Technological Facilities." Engineering Technologies and Systems 30, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 637–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.637-658.
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Introduction. In agricultural production during transportation of goods it is accepted to allocate transport and transport-technological processes with the corresponding methods of rationing works. The peculiarity of the processes is the sequential execution of cyclic operations, providing transportation of technological material to the destination directly or with preliminary collection (subsequent distribution) on the field. At the same time, if the goods are moved directly between points, excluding technological (field) operations, this process can be considered a purely transport one, a special case of the transport and technological process. In this regard, it is proposed to consider this process as a component of the transport and technological process, which in turn requires correcting the applied methods for setting performance standards. The aim of the study is to develop a mathematical model and algorithm for standardizing the calculation of the performance of different vehicles and transport and technological facilities through formulating the dependence of the performance components on the power of the said facilities as their main classifier. Materials and Methods. The performance standards were identified by the extrapolation, interpolation or approximation methods based on their estimated performance. The classical method of differentiating functions was used to find the extrema. Результаты исследования.At length of fertilizer transportation by direct-flow technology LГ = 9 km and application dose U = 0.06 kg/m2, the following values of transport and technological facilities performance have been obtained: a) for vehicles to deliver fertilizers to fertilizer storehouses by Ural-432065 truck (body) W = 9.1 t/h, W = 6.3 t/h for tractor with MTZ-82 trailer. 1+2PTS-6; b) for transport and technological facilities to transport and distribute fertilizers by Ural-432065 (Amazone spreader) W = 5.5 t/h, W = 3.9 t/h for tractor with MTZ-82.1+RUM-6 trailer. Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the analysis of methods, the authors have made the case for the unification of calculating the standardized volumes of works, choice of composition, and comparison of the effectiveness of using vehicles, if they are used as transport and transport-technological facilities. A mathematical model and algorithm for a uniform calculation of the performance of different transport and technological facilities are presented. The way to determine the approximate rate of generation of funds that do not have standard indicators of work. The explanation of the innovations is accompanied by a formula device, which is based on the conclusion of the dependencies of out- and in-cycle components of the shift time balance on the engine power of the mobile device. The block diagram of the algorithm to calculate performance standards for vehicles is illustrated. The implementation of the algorithm is given by the example of using a specialized vehicle for transport and transport-technological operations.
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Butler, Luke, Tan Yigitcanlar, and Alexander Paz. "How Can Smart Mobility Innovations Alleviate Transportation Disadvantage? Assembling a Conceptual Framework through a Systematic Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 6306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186306.
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Transportation disadvantage is about the difficulty accessing mobility services required to complete activities associated with employment, shopping, business, essential needs, and recreation. Technological innovations in the field of smart mobility have been identified as a potential solution to help individuals overcome issues associated with transportation disadvantage. This paper aims to provide a consolidated understanding on how smart mobility innovations can contribute to alleviate transportation disadvantage. A systematic literature review is completed, and a conceptual framework is developed to provide the required information to address transportation disadvantage. The results are categorized under the physical, economic, spatial, temporal, psychological, information, and institutional dimensions of transportation disadvantage. The study findings reveal that: (a) Primary smart mobility innovations identified in the literature are demand responsive transportation, shared transportation, intelligent transportation systems, electric mobility, autonomous vehicles, and Mobility-as-a-Services. (b) Smart mobility innovations could benefit urban areas by improving accessibility, efficiency, coverage, flexibility, safety, and the overall integration of the transportation system. (c) Smart mobility innovations have the potential to contribute to the alleviation of transportation disadvantage. (d) Mobility-as-a-Service has high potential to alleviate transportation disadvantage primarily due to its ability to integrate a wide-range of services.
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Vinayagam, S. Senthil, K. Akhila, Pooja S. Bhat, Neethu Mol Jacob, A. Mahesh, T. S. Manojkumar, and K. Venkateswaran. "Interdisciplinary approaches for translating rural innovations into agripreneurship." AGRICULTURE UPDATE 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/au/15.4/301-307.
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Agripreneurship converts agricultural activity into an entrepreneurial activity. In agriculture and allied sectors the agripreneur adopting innovative ideas. The purpose of this study is to promote agripreneurship in plantation sector through interdisciplinary approach. Plantation crops are high value crops and any breakthrough in translation of relevant rural innovation into agripreneurship can have a greater economic impact. The experts from different domains interacted with the rural innovators about Farmer Led Innovations (FLIs). They were found more than hundred FLIs in plantation sector out of which few FLIs have been identified based on Innovation Index for translating FLIs into agripreneurship. The selected FLIs are viz., tree climber (Device to climb coconut and arecanut tree), multi tree climber, arecanut tree climber, tree walker and automated arecanut climbing and harvesting machine. The outcome of the study has given leverage technological strength to showcase successful FLIs and successful agri-business models across the country.
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Vinayagam, S. Senthil, K. Akhila, Pooja S. Bhat, Neethu Mol Jacob, A. Mahesh, T. S. Manojkumar, and K. Venkateswaran. "Interdisciplinary approaches for translating rural innovations into agripreneurship." AGRICULTURE UPDATE 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/au/15.4/301-307.
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Agripreneurship converts agricultural activity into an entrepreneurial activity. In agriculture and allied sectors the agripreneur adopting innovative ideas. The purpose of this study is to promote agripreneurship in plantation sector through interdisciplinary approach. Plantation crops are high value crops and any breakthrough in translation of relevant rural innovation into agripreneurship can have a greater economic impact. The experts from different domains interacted with the rural innovators about Farmer Led Innovations (FLIs). They were found more than hundred FLIs in plantation sector out of which few FLIs have been identified based on Innovation Index for translating FLIs into agripreneurship. The selected FLIs are viz., tree climber (Device to climb coconut and arecanut tree), multi tree climber, arecanut tree climber, tree walker and automated arecanut climbing and harvesting machine. The outcome of the study has given leverage technological strength to showcase successful FLIs and successful agri-business models across the country.