Academic literature on the topic 'Automated vehicles – Technological innovations'

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Journal articles on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Hancock, P. A., Tara Kajaks, Jeff K. Caird, Mark H. Chignell, Sachi Mizobuchi, Peter C. Burns, Jing Feng, et al. "Challenges to Human Drivers in Increasingly Automated Vehicles." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 310–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900402.

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Objective We examine the relationships between contemporary progress in on‐road vehicle automation and its coherence with an envisioned “autopia” (automobile utopia) whereby the vehicle operation task is removed from all direct human control. Background The progressive automation of on‐road vehicles toward a completely driverless state is determined by the integration of technological advances into the private automobile market; improvements in transportation infrastructure and systems efficiencies; and the vision of future driving as a crash‐free enterprise. While there are many challenges to address with respect to automated vehicles concerning the remaining driver role, a considerable amount of technology is already present in vehicles and is advancing rapidly. Methods A multidisciplinary team of experts met to discuss the most critical challenges in the changing role of the driver, and associated safety issues, during the transitional phase of vehicle automation where human drivers continue to have an important but truncated role in monitoring and supervising vehicle operations. Results The group endorsed that vehicle automation is an important application of information technology, not only because of its impact on transportation efficiency, but also because road transport is a life critical system in which failures result in deaths and injuries. Five critical challenges were identified: driver independence and mobility, driver acceptance and trust, failure management, third-party testing, and political support. Conclusion Vehicle automation is not technical innovation alone, but is a social as much as a technological revolution consisting of both attendant costs and concomitant benefits.
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De Koker, Louis, Nicholas Morris, and Sue Jaffer. "Regulating Financial Services in an Era of Technological Disruption." Law in Context. A Socio-legal Journal 36, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26826/law-in-context.v36i2.98.

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Financial regulators are challenged to respond to the innovation opportunities presented by financial technology (fintech). Current rules are not necessarily sufficient or effective to adequately regulate new business models and new products relating to innovations such as crypto assets or digital financial services. Regulators that fail to respond in a timely manner may drive innovation offshore and deprive their markets and consumers of appropriate, new services. To respond to new financial innovation, regulators have been establishing innovation hubs and regulatory sandboxes. Innovation hubs enable them to engage innovators more effectively. Sandboxes allow the products to be tested in a controlled environment and enable to regulator to consider whether existing laws are appropriate to regulate such products and, of not, what measures may be required. Sandboxes are however resource intensive and they hold a number of risks. Financial regulators are, of course, not alone in having to address the regulatory challenges of innovation. This article therefore also considers other non-financial regulatory experiences of innovative products and services, namely automated vehicles; emissions trading in China; and Uber and its clones, to consider whether those experiences hold lessons for financial regulators.
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Marson, James, Katy Ferris, and Jill Dickinson. "The Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 Part 1 and Beyond: A Critical Review." Statute Law Review 41, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 395–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmz021.

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Abstract On 19 July 2018, the Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 (AEVA) received Royal Assent. As motor vehicles are becoming increasingly technologically based, with driving aids having taken over many of the more mundane (and possibly dangerous) aspects of driving from the driver, it is imperative that legislation keeps pace to determine the responsibilities of the parties. Motor insurance provides protection for those involved with vehicles and who may suffer harm, injury, and loss due to the negligence of the actors. This is most frequently driver error, but may also include manufacturing defects, which result in deaths and less serious injuries. It is also here where the intersection between torts and insurance laws needs careful management. It would be particularly unfair to ask drivers or third-party victims of motor vehicle accidents to seek redress from a manufacturer for losses incurred during the actions of an autonomous vehicle. Consumer law has historically removed this burden from affected consumers and it is entirely sensible for the law to protect individuals in an emerging field—and perhaps even more so given the trajectory of vehicles with driver-enabled qualities and the numbers of vehicles currently featuring such innovations. Yet, the AEVA consists of aspects which are troubling in respect of the motor insurance industry’s dominance of this market, the application of compulsory insurance, and exclusions and limitations to responsibility which expose policy holders and victims to EU-breaching levels of risk.
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Chen, Jiawei, Yan Li, Xiang Xu, and Xinbo Chen. "On the Lightweight Truss Structure for the Trash Can-Handling Robot." Actuators 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10090214.

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With the rapid development of cities, the automated and intelligent garbage transportation has become an important direction for technological innovation of sanitation vehicles. In this paper, a vehicle-mounted trash can-handling robot is proposed. In order to reduce the cost of the robot and increase the loading capacity of the intelligent sanitation vehicles, a lightweight design method is proposed for the truss structure of the robot. Firstly, the parameters of the robot that are related to the load are optimized by multi-objective parameter optimization based on particle swarm optimization. Then, the material distribution of the truss structure is optimized by topology optimization under multiple load cases. Finally, the thickness of the truss structure parts is optimized by discrete optimization under multiple load cases. The optimization results show that the mass of the truss structure is reduced by 8.72%, the inherent frequency is increased by 61.08%, and the maximum stress is reduced by 10.98%. The optimization results achieve the goal of performance optimization of the intelligent sanitation vehicle, and prove the feasibility of the proposed lightweight design method.
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Astarita, Vittorio, Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè, Giuseppe Guido, and Alessandro Vitale. "The convergence of Internet of Things, Blockchain and Connected Vehicles: Conceptual Advantages and Disadvantages of a new Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System." International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Management 03, no. 01 (March 1, 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/jttm.03.01.005.

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This paper intends to explore the convergence of some technological innovations that could lead to new cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The technologies that might soon converge and lead to some new developments are: the Blockchain Technology (BT) concept, Internet of Things (IoT) and Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). Advantages and disadvantages of the new concepts founding a new ITS system are discussed in this conceptual paper. Blockchain technology has been recently introduced and many research ideas have been presented for application in the transportation sector. In this paper, we discuss a system that is based on a dedicated blockchain, able to involve both drivers and city administrations in the adoption of promising and innovative technologies that will create cooperation among connected vehicles. The proposed blockchain-based system can allow city administrators to reward drivers when they are willing to share travel data. The system manages in a special way the creation of rewards which are assigned to drivers and institutions participating actively in the system. Moreover, the system allows keeping a complete track of all transactions and interactions between drivers and city management on a completely open and shared platform. The main idea is to combine connected vehicles with BT to promote Cooperative ITS use, a better use of infrastructures and a more sustainable eco-system of cryptocurrencies. A short description of BT is introduced to evidence energy problems of sustainability in the implementation of Proof of Work (PoW) that is adopted by many blockchains.
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Kan, Shuang, Wei Lyu, and Shiyu Zhao. "Evaluation of the Environmental Effect of Automated Vehicles Based on IVIULWG Operator Development." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 9669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159669.

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The automated vehicle (AV) industry is a new growing industry of great interest. The environmental friendliness of AVs represents a core characteristic of their leap-forward development. The environmental effect of AVs, including its evaluation framework and algorithm, is a leading research area for continued technological innovation and market development in this field. This study focuses on three environmental aspects: the energy effect of AVs, the traffic effect of AVs on ground space, and the air effect of AVs on three-dimensional atmospheric space. First, an environmental effect evaluation indicator system that includes nine indices for AVs is constructed to be the basis for management decision making. Second, the interval-valued intuitionistic uncertain fuzzy (IVIUF) evaluation variable is used to solve the problem of data features that incorporate “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers”. Moreover, geometric weights are added based on the generalized correlation aggregation operator. Then, the IVIUL-weighted geometric (IVIULWG) operator is developed, which includes the objective and subjective information of “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers” and makes the mathematical characteristics more scientific and accurate. Finally, an evaluation example is used to validate the effectiveness and practicability of the algorithm.
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Mustapha, A. B., and A. B. Abdullahi. "Design and Implementation of an Automated Train Transportation Ticketing System for Kaduna to Abuja Train Stations." advances in multidisciplinary & scientific research journal publication 26, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/isteams/v26p8-ieee-ng-ts.

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Transportation is an easy way of moving goods, people or animals from one place to another. There are different types of means to which things can be transported but the area we are going to concentrate on is transportation by train. Rail transport is a means of transporting people and goods from one place to another via a train. Trains are vehicles that runs on rails or tracks. Ever since humans came to existence, the drive we have towards knowledge, inventions and innovation is on an unending loop. Thanks to that, we have profoundly moved forward in terms of our technological developments and thus created things that added more value and efficiency to our day to day activities. In this work, we lay out a research intention directed at designing and implementing an automated train transportation ticketing system for the Kaduna-Abuja Train Stations. Keywords: Design, Implementation, Ticketing, Automated Train Transportation System, Kaduna, Abuja Train, Stations
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ZAINUDDIN, NIZAMUDIN, NORITA DERAMAN, VI VIAN LOH, and ABDULLAH HAFSAH. "A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON FLEXIBILITY ENABLERS IN LOGISTICS SURVIVABILITY." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v3i6.200.

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The demand uncertainty particularly during the outbreak of COVID-19 and the increasing competition of market have imposed pressures on the logistics industry to embrace the technology innovation. The pandemic caused a huge impact on world economies and communities and many companies were struggling to survive in this changing environment, thus leaving a question to the resilience of industry. In this situation, flexibility plays the key role for the logistics industry to recover from the supply chain crisis and get prepared for future uncertainties. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive insight on the technology innovations which enable the function of flexibility in logistics through a systematic literature analysis of papers from 2017 to 2022. Bibliometric analysis and content analysis are the methods used to analyse the multiple sources from different databases. The main research gaps in this paper is the flexibility enablers available in the logistics field, their implications on the logistics operations in terms of survivability performance are analysed and the challenges for the adoption of these flexibility enablers to the logistics service providers (LSPs) are identified. The identified flexibility enablers are blockchain, automated guided vehicle (AGV), drones, big data, radio frequency identification (RFID), cyber-physical system (CPS), sensors, cloud computing, augmented reality (AR), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), internet of things (IoT), digital twin, artificial Intelligence (AI) and information and communications technology (ICT). An implication model is set up to show the relationship of these flexibility with the logistics. The barriers to the LSPs to adopt the flexibility enablers are categorised into economic barriers, managerial barriers and operational barriers. Overall, these could provide some suggestions to the LSPs when they are considering the technological transformation and assist technology developers in identifying commercial opportunities.
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Piccinini, Fabio, Alban Gorreja, Francesco Di Stefano, Roberto Pierdicca, Luis Javier Sanchez Aparicio, and Eva Savina Malinverni. "Preservation of Villages in Central Italy: Geomatic Techniques’Integration and GIS Strategies for the Post-Earthquake Assessment." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11050291.

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Historical villages represent a highly vulnerable cultural heritage; their preservation can be ensured thanks to technological innovations in the field of geomatics and information systems. Among these, Geographical Information Systems (GISs) allow exploiting heterogeneous data for efficient vulnerability assessment, in terms of both time and usability. Geometric attributes, which currently are mainly inferred by visual inspections, can be extrapolated from data obtained by geomatic technologies. Furthermore, the integration with non-metric data ensures a more complete description of the post-seismic risk thematic mapping. In this paper, a high-performance information system for small urban realities, such as historical villages, is described, starting from the 3D survey obtained through the integrated management of recent innovative geomatic sensors, such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLSs), and 360º images. The results show that the proposed strategy of the automatic extraction of the parameters from the GIS can be generalized to other case studies, thus representing a straightforward method to enhance the decision-making of public administrations. Moreover, this work confirms the importance of managing heterogeneous geospatial data to speed up the vulnerability assessment process. The final result, in fact, is an information system that can be used for every village where data have been acquired in a similar way. This information could be used in the field by means of a GIS app that allows updating the geospatial database, improving the work of technicians. This approach was validated in Gabbiano(Pieve Torina), a village in Central Italy affected by earthquakes in 2016 and 2017.
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Yu, Haojie, and Shah Nazir. "Role of 5G and Artificial Intelligence for Research and Transformation of English Situational Teaching in Higher Studies." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (November 26, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3773414.

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We live in a modern and technological society run by intelligent and human-like machines and systems. This is due to the advancements in the field of artificial intelligence. The machines are directly or indirectly used in different sectors like healthcare, automatic vehicles, and complex decision-making and at the same used in educational institutes. The usage of AI-based systems and the Internet has brought numerous educational innovations for both teachers and students. With the online learning platforms grounded on AI techniques, 5G has revolutionized the teaching and learning methods by smooth and faster access to educational content. Students of foreign languages, especially English learners, can now use chatbots and intelligent tutoring systems to learn and practice their speaking and listening skills offline and online. With Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), the English learning process can now be interactive and productive. The students can now improve their language skills by conversing with AI-based agents instead of native speakers to avoid any fear and anxiety. The intelligent platforms can understand the consuming power of the student and hence can create and give content according to their level to create an individualized learning environment. With the help of digital assistants, people can also find it very easy and productive to improve English proficiency. To accomplish the goal of English teaching very easily and ideally, the teachers should use AI-based techniques in the classrooms. With the help of intelligent assistants for the daily workload of a teacher, we will be able to concentrate fully on the language learning and skills of the students. The current study has presented a detailed overview of 5G and AI’s role in research and transformation of English situational teaching in higher studies. The search results are compiled and presented with different details of the area.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Hillig, Mark Alexander. "Automated Channel Assessment for Single Chip MedRadio Transceivers." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1005.

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Modern implantable and body worn medical devices leverage wireless telemetry to improve patient experience and expand therapeutic options. Wireless medical devices are subject to a unique set of regulations in which monitoring of the available frequency spectrum is a requirement. To this end, implants use software protocols to assess the in-band activity to determine which channel should be used. These software protocols take valuable processing time and possibly degrade the operational lifetime of the battery. Implantable medical devices often take advantage of a single chip transceiver as the physical layer for wireless communications. Embedding the channel assessment task in the transceiver hardware would free the limited resources of the microprocessor. This thesis proposes hardware modifications to existing transceiver architectures which would provide an automated channel assessment means for implantable medical devices. The results are applicable beyond medical device applications and could be employed to benefit any low-power, wireless, battery-operated equipment.
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Tai, Kam Fong. "Trend following algorithms in automated stock market trading." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2492841.

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Hamilton, Brett Joseph. "An analysis of consumer intention to purchase green vehicles in the South African market : a theory of planned behaviour perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97267.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: For companies, merely offering green products does not guarantee long-term market success (Hansen, Risborg & Steen, 2012). In many cases, consumers fail to act green despite stating that they intend to do so and having a positive attitude towards green behaviour. This is referred to as the attitude-action gap (Lane & Potter, 2007; Eckhardt, Belk & Devinney, 2010). What is required is a deeper understanding of the underlying reasons for green consumer behaviour, such as consumer values, in order to develop effective green marketing strategies (Hansen, 2008; Kim & Chung, 2011). The purpose of the research was to use Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour (TPB) (1985) to study the link between the personal values of consumers and their attitudes and behaviour toward purchasing green vehicles in the South African market. It focused on alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and, more specifically, hybrid and electric-drive vehicles (HEVs and EVs), since these are the only type of AFV currently available in the South African market. In addition, it investigated the role that subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) has on the intention to purchase AFVs. The analysis failed to find a significant relationship between the four higher-order values (self-enhancement, self-transcendence, openness to change and conservation) and attitude. In the case of openness to change and conservation, this was not entirely unexpected, but a lack of a significant relationship between self-enhancement, self-transcendence and attitude was an interesting result, which warrants further investigation, as the use of the ESS Human Value Scale as measurement instrument could be brought into question. The analysis also found significant relationships between attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control and behavioural intention. Of the three constructs, attitude was found to have the most significant impact on behavioural intention. These findings are in support of modern literature and emphasise: 1. that consumers do not rely on their values when forming an attitude towards AFVs and, thus, the marketing of AFVs should not rely on value-driven marketing, 2. that attitudinal factors has the biggest influence on intention, 3. that the perceived support and encouragement of referent others are important considerations for individuals, and 3. that control factors also play a critical role when consumers decide whether to purchase an AFV or not. The marketing of AFVs should thus focus on these three factors, including shaping attitudes, emphasising the role of referent others and informing consumers about control factors.
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Souza, Sandra Regina Silva dos Santos. "Mudancas com a introdu????o da "automated teller machine" : um estudo de caso num grande banco nacional." FECAP - Faculdade Escola de Com??rcio ??lvares Penteado, 2001. http://132.0.0.61:8080/tede/handle/tede/327.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra_Regina_Silva_dos_Santos_Souza.pdf: 1386805 bytes, checksum: d13f76892ad0d12e8a0709642ba09ba6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-11-30
The Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are a successful product of the bank and a financial organization around the world. This research means investigate the changes in a Brazilian state bank, when the Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), were utilized in client services. To realized the research, we interview the employers that participated of the implemented project of ATMs. We made an choice of persons that started the procedures to introduce the equipment. We use a exploratory qualitative methodology by clinical interview and applied a semi-structured questionnaire. To explained the process, we analyzed the ATMs and automation history, the bank history and aspect of the information systems, indicate the facilities and problems for introduce the ATMs. In the early days of ATMs implementation, two other banks had the equipment and the technology to use these. The cause for our bank had implemented the ATMs in yours current services, was to offer more modern technological resources. To realized the ATM project, the employers were inexperienced and the bank no had the necessary structure to do. Problems of hardware, software, installation and system administration had in the role of the vulgar works. Also, the project generate problems with the union. Today, the ATMs are synonymous of successful, but we verify, in this research the difficulties and problems to implementation development.
As Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) ou caixas eletr??nicos s??o reconhecidos como um produto de sucesso dos Bancos e das organiza????es financeiras em todo o mundo. Para estudar a sua implanta????o, n??s realizamos um estudo sobre as mudan??as que ocorreram em um Banco brasileiro de grande porte, onde as ATMs passaram a ser utilizadas em servi??os oferecidos aos clientes. Para realizar esta pesquisa, n??s entrevistamos os empregados que participaram da implanta????o do projeto das ATMs e aqueles que iniciaram a implanta????o dos primeiros equipamento e usamos uma metodologia qualitativa de entrevistas cl??nicas semi- estruturadas. Al??m da an??lise dos dados obtidos, n??s apresentamos algumas caracter??sticas da hist??ria da automa????o, dos sistemas de informa????o, para indicar as facilidades e problemas para introduzir as ATMs na organiza????o em estudo. Observamos, nesta pesquisa, que no in??cio da implementa????o, dois outros bancos j?? possu??am esses equipamentos e a tecnologia para o seu uso. Assim uma das causas principais dessa implanta????o foi oferecer equipamentos mais modernos. Tamb??m observamos que no projeto das ATMs, os participantes n??o tinham experi??ncia anterior e a infra-estrutura necess??ria para tal. Problemas com os hardwares, com os softwares, as instala????es e os sistemas administrativos aconteceram, al??m de problemas com a equipe. Assim, apesar do sucesso alcan??ado, n??s iremos apresentar nesta pesquisa as mudan??as, dificuldades e os problemas apresentados no processo.
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Castet, Jean-François. "Reliability, multi-state failures and survivability of spacecraft and space-based networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45871.

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Spacecraft fulfill a myriad of critical functions on orbit, from defense and intelligence to science, navigation, and telecommunication. Spacecraft can also cost several hundred millions of dollars to design and launch, and given that physical access for maintenance remains difficult if not impossible to date, designing high reliability and survivability into these systems is an engineering and financial imperative. While reliability is recognized as an essential attribute for spacecraft, little analysis has been done pertaining to actual field reliability of spacecraft and their subsystems. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part fills the gap in the current understanding of spacecraft failure behavior on orbit through extensive statistical analysis and modeling of anomaly and failure data of Earth-orbiting spacecraft. The second part builds on these results to develop a novel theoretical basis (interdependent multi-layer network approach) and algorithmic tools for the analysis of survivability of spacecraft and space-based networks. Space-based networks (SBNs) allow the sharing of on-orbit resources, such as data storage, processing, and downlink. Results indicate and quantify the incremental survivability improvement of the SBN over the traditional monolith architecture. A trade-space analysis is then conducted using non-descriptive networkable subsystems/technologies to explore survivability characteristics of space-based networks and help guide design choices.
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Senekal, Willem Andries. "The value of vehicle tracking technology in the recovery of stolen motor vehicles." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22605.

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In this study, the research problem sought to explore, identify and acknowledge the value of vehicle tracking technology within the South African Police Service (SAPS). National legislation in the Republic of South Africa allows the SAPS and private organisations, such as Tracker, to create partnerships to successfully combat crime, such as vehicle related crimes. Data was collected by means of a literature study, together with semi-structured interviews that were individually conducted with non-commissioned officers of the SAPS: West Rand Flying Squad. These members are deployed daily, in an operational environment, to deal with the recovery of stolen and robbed motor vehicles; they utilise vehicle tracking technology to fulfil this function. A detailed study of literature relating to national legislation, SAPS directives, media and newspaper reports as well as library resources and international studies was conducted. The research indicates the importance of vehicle tracking technology in assisting specialized units within the SAPS to successfully and efficiently track and locate stolen or robbed motor vehicles. It is evident that the use of this type of technology has become an invaluable tool to the SAPS: West Rand Flying Squad members in their daily duties. Furthermore, members at grassroots level understand and appreciate the assistance and value of technology, especially as the technology enables them to effectively recover stolen or robbed motor vehicles, and to successfully arrest the perpetrators responsible for these thefts. The recommendations made in this study may provide a number of solutions to the South African government, SAPS, insurance industry and the general public, regarding the value of vehicle tracking technology. In addition, the study indicates how this technology can effectively assist in curbing vehicle crimes and the recovery of stolen or robbed motor vehicles; in the process, recovery affects the arrests of criminals, thus saving the economy a significant amount of money due to crimes of this nature.
Police Practice
M.A. (Criminal Justice)
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Merritt, Daniel W. "BotCam : design, testing and development of a fully automated stereo-video bottom camera bait station for ecosystem monitoring of bottom fish species." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20780.

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Solomon, Cleshain Theodore. "Driver attention and behaviour monitoring with the Microsoft Kinect sensor." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21798.

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Modern vehicles are designed to protect occupants in the event of a crash with some vehicles better at this than others. However, passenger protection during an accident has shown to be not enough in many high impact crashes. Statistics have shown that the human error is the number one contributor to road accidents. This research study explores how driver error can be reduced through technology which observes driver behaviour and reacts when certain unwanted patterns in behaviour have been detected. Finally a system that detects driver fatigue and driver distraction has been developed using non-invasive machine vision concepts to monitor observable driver behaviour.
Electrical Engineering
M. Tech. (Electrical Engineering)
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Mokwele, Madimetja Edward. "The value of the automated fingerprint identification system as a technique in the identification of suspects." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21033.

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This research is concerned with the value of the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) as a technique in the identification of suspects. A problem was identified in the withdrawal of cases where suspects had been identified by means of fingerprints. The study attempted to determine the value of AFIS in the identification of suspects, to find new knowledge that could improve the situation and suggest ways to apply this knowledge to enhance the performance of AFIS experts, criminal investigators and the prosecution in a court of law. The study adopted a multi-method approach to data collection, with the researcher using a literature review, docket analysis and interviews with AFIS experts from Limpopo Province as his sources of data. The results of the study showed that AFIS is a valuable system for the identification of fingerprints in that it is fast and accurate but that in South Africa AFIS experts encounter a number of challenges with the system. The main challenges identified were the potential for the system to be attacked by computer hackers; the slowness of creating an SAPS 69 record, particularly when dealing with prints of poor quality; which leads to cases being closed where AFIS experts’ evidence is not tested/accepted; and the fact that in South Africa AFIS is not applied across government departments, which would allow a more comprehensive database. On the basis of these findings, the study recommends that steps be taken to improve the quality of prints taken at crime scenes, that attention be paid to speeding up the process of dealing with the relevant SAPS 69 records, that investigators and prosecutors be informed about the AFIS process and that the AFIS database be extended to include the fingerprints of all South Africans and immigrants to the country. Lastly, the study suggests that the databases of government departments such as Home Affairs, Public Works Roads & Transport and Safety Security & Liaison (Traffics) be combined to form one national database.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)
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Shimoga, Muddappa Vinay Kumar. "Electrochemical model based condition monitoring of a Li-ion battery using fuzzy logic." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5588.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
There is a strong urge for advanced diagnosis method, especially in high power battery packs and high energy density cell design applications, such as electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle segment, due to safety concerns. Accurate and robust diagnosis methods are required in order to optimize battery charge utilization and improve EV range. Battery faults cause significant model parameter variation affecting battery internal states and output. This work is focused on developing diagnosis method to reliably detect various faults inside lithium-ion cell using electrochemical model based observer and fuzzy logic algorithm, which is implementable in real-time. The internal states and outputs from battery plant model were compared against those from the electrochemical model based observer to generate the residuals. These residuals and states were further used in a fuzzy logic based residual evaluation algorithm in order to detect the battery faults. Simulation results show that the proposed methodology is able to detect various fault types including overcharge, over-discharge and aged battery quickly and reliably, thus providing an effective and accurate way of diagnosing li-ion battery faults.
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Books on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Maze, T. H. AMASCOT: Automated mileage and stateline crossing operational test. [Ames, Iowa]: Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, 1996.

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National Research Council (U.S.) Transportation Research Board. Advanced vehicle and highway technologies. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1991.

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International Conference on Road Vehicle Automation (1st 1993 Vehicle Systems Research Centre, School of Engineering, Bolton Institute, Bolton, UK). Road vehicle automation: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Road Vehicle Automation held at Vehicle Systems Research Centre, School of Engineering, Bolton Institute, Bolton, UK, 24-26 May 1993. London: Pentech P., 1993.

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Marsico, Katie. Self-driving cars. New York, NY: Children's Press, 2016.

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Goeddel, Dennis. Benefits assessment of advanced public transportation systems (APTS). [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, 1996.

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P, Schweiger Carol, Kihl Mary, John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.), and United States. Federal Transit Administration. Office of Technical Assistance and Safety, eds. Advanced public transportation systems: The state of the art : update '92. Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 1992.

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Mary, Kihl, Labell Lawrence N, United States. Federal Transit Administration., John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.), and United States. Federal Transit Administration. Office of Technical Assistance and Safety., eds. Advanced public transportation systems: The state of the art : update '94. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 1994.

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Zängl, Wolfgang. Der Telematik-Trick: Elektronische Autobahngebühren, Verkehrsleitsysteme und andere Milliardengeschäfte. München: Raben, 1995.

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Casey, Robert F. Advanced public transportation systems: Evaluation guidelines : final report. Washington, DC: Office of Technical Assistance, Federal Transit Administration, 1994.

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ATOE, 2004 (2004 Kyoto Japan). Automation technology for off-road equipment, 2004: Proceedings of the 7-8 October 2004 international conference, Kyoto, Japan. St. Joseph, Mich: American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Banerjee, Ian, and Tomoyuki Furutani. "Strategic spatial planning, “smart shrinking,” and the deployment of CAVs in rural Japan." In AVENUE21. Politische und planerische Aspekte der automatisierten Mobilität, 239–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63354-0_13.

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ZusammenfassungThe experiments taking place around connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in global innovation networks today are largely technological in nature. This research takes a relational view of CAVs by investigating how they can be conceptualized within the larger context of strategic spatial planning. To do so, it takes Japan as a case study and explores how the current government is applying the tools of its new National Spatial Strategy (NSS) to strategically steer the development of its main economic and social sectors, including transport and the deployment of CAVs.
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Bikam, Peter Bitta. "Technology Innovations in Green Transport." In Green Economy in the Transport Sector, 37–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86178-0_4.

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AbstractThe paper uses the case study of Limpopo province to discuss technology innovations in green transport in South Africa with respect to the reduction of global greenhouse emission through technology innovation. South Africa’s emission from fuel combustion is the world’s 15th largest in forms of CO emission because it contributes about 1.2% of global emissions. In a submission from the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) on the impact of greenhouse emissions stated that companies are required to be innovative to reduce the carbon emission levels in South Africa. Literature on road transport in South Africa shows that road transport is the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for 19% of global energy consumption. The policy to promote an integrated public transport in municipalities is in line with the National Development Plan and the White Paper on National Climate Change Response. This requires innovative technology that promotes carbon trading markets such as taxi recapitalisation programmes and carbon tax on new vehicles. The study analysed the factors influencing green technology innovations in South Africa with specific reference to Limpopo province green transportation study. The methodology used to unpack innovative technology in South Africa discusses green technology in Limpopo province in the context of greenhouse gases emission reduction innovative technologies in the transport sector with respect to sustainable fuels, energy efficient systems and smart information as well as hybrid technologies. The study advances arguments on technologies for engine and propulsion systems, alternative energy sources, navigation technologies, cargo handling systems, heating and cooling vehicles, road and rail vehicles and maritime transportation with respect to innovations as well as battery charging systems, engine oil disposal etc. The findings shows that no single trajectory of technology innovation in green transport will suffice but technological innovations that improve fuel economy and transition from fossil fuels to cleaner fuel alternatives. The study in Limpopo province showed that green transport innovations must not obscure the role of non-technological innovations in reducing emissions, but the two should be tackled with green transport value chain as a whole.
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Rawat, Romil, Vinod Mahor, Sachin Chirgaiya, and Bhagwati Garg. "Artificial Cyber Espionage Based Protection of Technological Enabled Automated Cities Infrastructure by Dark Web Cyber Offender." In Intelligence of Things: AI-IoT Based Critical-Applications and Innovations, 167–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82800-4_7.

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Kern, Mira, and Sebastian Stegmüller. "Analysis of Context-Specific Behavior Patterns in Cross-Industry Innovations Using the Example of Media Use in Automated Vehicles." In Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation, 331–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80012-3_39.

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Zünd, Daniel, and Luís M. A. Bettencourt. "Street View Imaging for Automated Assessments of Urban Infrastructure and Services." In Urban Informatics, 29–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_4.

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AbstractMany forms of ambient data in cities are starting to become available that allows tracking of short-term urban operations, such as traffic management, trash collections, inspections, or non-emergency maintenance requests. However, arguably the greatest promise of urban analytics is to set up measurable objectives and track progress toward systemic development goals connected to human development and sustainability over the longer term. The challenge for such an approach is the connection between new technological capabilities, such as sensing and machine learning and local knowledge, and operations of residents and city governments. Here, we describe an emerging project for the long-term monitoring of sustainable development in fast-growing towns in the Galapagos Islands through the convergence of these methods. We demonstrate how collaborative mapping and the capture of 360-degree street views can produce a general basis for a broad set of quantitative analytics, when such actions are coupled to mapping and deep-learning characterizations of urban environments. We map and assess the precision of urban assets via automatic object classification and characterize their abundance and spatial heterogeneity. We also discuss how these methods, as they continue to improve, can provide the means to perform an ambient census of urban assets (buildings, vehicles, services) and environmental conditions.
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Emsley, Clive. "International Policing, Wartime, and Innovations." In A Short History of Police and Policing, 155–81. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844600.003.0008.

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This chapter addresses the impact of the First World War on police development. During this period, there was a gradual increase in the introduction of women police, often just to fill the gaps filled by men but occasionally, and especially in Britain, to relieve men of the task of having to police women and children. The war also encouraged the use of some technological innovations such as motor vehicles and radio. In the United States, some forces stressed mechanization and the need to train policemen as professionals. At the beginning of the twentieth century, there were moves to bring police institutions together to deal with international threats and problems, but in the interwar period, different national attitudes tended to split such links. Equally, such attitudes impacted upon the way that the police of different states dealt with similar problems. The chapter then considers international policing.
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Longo, Michela, Wahiba Yaïci, and Federica Foiadelli. "Future Mobility Advances and Trends." In Self-driving Vehicles and Enabling Technologies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97108.

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The trends of main interest on a global scale are those that can influence the development of humanity in the long term and are sometimes referred to as megatrends. The changes they bring with them can span several generations, profoundly changing society and, consequently, the competitive landscape of companies. The megatrends are numerous and each one involves the development of entire areas of activity. It is important to identify the megatrends of interest for strategic mobility planning and follow their developments, in order to consider them in the planning processes and correctly pilot investments. Megatrends are made possible and also influenced by the offer of new technologies, and lead to changes in cultural models. This chapter shows an era characterized by major technological innovations that are changing people’s ways of thinking and acting, with the establishment of new mobility models in order to meet new emerging needs.
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Bhattacharyya, Som Sekhar, Bibhash Laik, and Raunak Jaiswal. "Study of Technology-Based Innovations in Supply Chain Management Function of Indian Firms." In Handbook of Research on Managerial Practices and Disruptive Innovation in Asia, 210–26. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0357-7.ch012.

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Supply Chain Management (SCM) has gained importance in recent years. Innovation and technological interventions in SCM would be required to remove inefficiencies. It has become imperative for firms to undertake new innovations in SCM to remain competitive. This chapter focuses on physical and digital innovation in Indian market context in the context of SCM . The authors explore the strategic imperative of technology-based SCM innovation by performing detailed literature review regarding new automated technological innovations in SCM to understand the new set of business gains to be incurred from SCM. The authors then carried out, through a semi-structured questionnaire, in-depth personal interviews of the 24 SCM experts in the study. Thematic content analysis was done. The main finding of the study was that physical innovation in SCM has occurred at a slower pace as compared to digital innovation. Digital innovation was perceived to be helping firms more than physical innovation in SCM. The major challenge has been the integration of the new system with the existing SCM system.
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Lima Jr., Walter Teixeira, and Rafael Vergili. "Digital Inclusion and Computational Thinking." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 124–37. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8740-0.ch008.

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The Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) brought new players to an environment that subverts industrial logic of communication, visibility and representation. The issue of digital inclusion is still latent, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. However, with initiatives that facilitate access to technological innovations and ever cheaper devices, possession, remixing and distribution of information are no longer exclusive to large companies or mass media vehicles. Anyone with network access and knowledge about certain topics can generate content for various parts of the world. In this context of constant change, the media professional is faced with new challenges and, in order to gain competitive advantage in the labor market or in the academic environment needs to more adequately understand the technological environment in which he/she is inserted, topics that are discussed under the prism of computational thinking and digital literacy concepts, possible foundations for new paths of his/her activities.
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Estlund, Cynthia. "Is This Time Different?" In Automation Anxiety, 1–20. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197566107.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 introduces the debate over whether “this time is different”—whether contemporary innovations in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics are more likely than past rounds of technological innovations to yield net job destruction—and the parallel debate over whether we should welcome or worry about that future. It begins with a tour of some of the innovations that are allowing algorithms and robots to replace human workers at a range of tasks, and explains why the recent COVID-19 crisis is accelerating automation along several vectors. The chapter previews the book’s overall claims that a future of less work is foreseeable, even likely, if not inevitable; that it holds both perils and promise for ordinary workers and the society as a whole; and that it should be met with policy responses that can mitigate the losses and fairly distribute the large potential gains from a more automated economy.
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Conference papers on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Francis, Jerrin Joe, S. Karthik, Safvan V. Mohammed, and Dev K. Sachin. "Automated Vehicle Identity Verification and Tracking." In 2018 International Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations In Engineering And Technological Research (ICETIETR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetietr.2018.8529044.

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Lujan, Carlos, Cesar Elpuente, and Oriol Flix. "New assessment and testing methodology for vehicle type approval." In EuroBrake 2022. FISITA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/eb2022-ibc-003.

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"Technological innovations in the field of Connected and Automated Driving have a strong impact in different areas in the automotive industry. Among those areas, the effect on vehicle homologation procedures is game changing, in a way that requires a brand-new approach. Traditionally, the homologation process based on the UNECE Regulatory framework has been a single step at the end of the development phase, where regulations normally defined a series of repeatable scenarios to be evaluated, where the effect of the driver is typically suppressed by means of the measurement of the inputs on the vehicle commands or by means of the use of driving robots. This approach was initially challenged by the introduction of assisted systems, such as Advance Emergency Brake. Those systems are commanded by Electronic Control Systems which, in some circumstances, may control certain vehicle functions, such as braking or steering. The introduction of such functions required a different approach to the vehicle type approval, to evaluate possible failures associated to the Electronic Control Systems. In such context, concepts such as Functional Safety (FuSa) or Safety Of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF) were introduce as part of the type approval process. This new approach turned the technical evaluation of the compliance from a testing activity in selected scenarios into a combination of testing and assessment of the manufacturer safety concept. However, the introduction of the first SAE L3 functions into the market add a new layer of complexity into the type approval. Such technologies replace the human driver during certain dynamic driving tasks, within an unlimited number of scenarios. This circumstance does not allow the classic strategy of removing the human effect from the test scenarios and required a second loop in the modification of the type approval processes, so as to move from an evaluation of the performance to an evaluation of the behaviour of the vehicle. As a result, UNECE WP.29 published the “Framework Document on Automated/Autonomous Vehicles”, a document whose purpose was: a) To provide guidance to WP.29 subsidiary Working Parties (GRs) by identifying key principles for the safety and security of automated/autonomous vehicles of levels 3 and higher. b) To define the work priorities for WP.29 and indicate the deliverables, timelines and working arrangements for those certain work products related to those priorities. Consequently, several actions took place which have paved the road into a new type approval approach, currently under development, but with a series of principles widely accepted by the rulemaking community. Examples of such actions include: a) New working group structure within UNECE WP.29 b) Development of a series of New Assessment and Testing Methods (NATM) which combine the classic test on the proving ground with new tools, such as the assessment of the manufacturer safety concept, the use of simulation or the real-world testing. "
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Petrocchi, Filippo, Gian Andrea Giacobone, and Giuseppe Mincolelli. "In-vehicles interfaces development and elderly habits: a possible encounter." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001872.

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Nowadays the world is getting older and more populated. This is mainly due to several factors: the aging of the baby boomer generation; the extended longevity, the decreased birth rate as well as a period of relative peace all over the world. (Fatima, K., & Moridpour, S. (2019).Nevertheless, while the extended life expectancy can be considered an achievement for the human race, on the other hand, it also involves several challenges, for instance, maintaining economic productivity, health care programs, and public pension benefits. Furthermore, an ageing society means a population that requires higher costs in public health care and other services (News, K., & Lives, H. 2018).Aging society is a factor which involves all the field of the world and mobility is for sure not an exception. Especially for elderly people, Mobility is fundamental to active aging and is intimately linked to health status and quality of life. (Webber, S. C., Porter, M. M., & Menec, V. H. 2010) (Fatima, K., & Moridpour, S. (2019), (Johnson,et al. 2017).While the world is aging, the field of automotive is undergoing profound transformation. Despite the fact that the current situation can be described as a VUCA situation which stands for volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, all automotive experts agree on a completely renewed automotive future 2030 characterized by: the spread of electric and connected vehicles, the use of partially or fully automated vehicles; a loss of centrality of vehicle ownership in favor of a mobility service. All changes can be summarized under the acronym MADE which indicates: New Models of Mobility, Autonomous Driving, Digitization, Electrification. Especially considering the forecasts for future growth volumes and the intensity of technological discontinuity, electronics is certainly the sector that will grow the most: especially in the areas of Infotainment and ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System).Roland Berger(2020)While the introduction of new technologies can be a good marketing and profit-enhancing tool for a company, it must be considered that such changes are more influenced by financial reasons than by user desirability issues. For this reason, in a world where innovation is very fast, introducing new features could be very interesting for a young population but a hindrance for older people. In fact, according to several studies people with or above 65 years old are more averse to using new tools and interfaces since the use of these would involve, at least in a first phase, errors and embarrassing situations that are hardly tolerated (Arch et al 2008; Hill et al 2015; Raimundo and Da Silvana Santana 2014; Zajicek 2001). This is also confirmed by the fact that older people prefer familiar and known steps differently from young people who usually like to explore new solutions (Pernice et al 2013)For this reason, this contribution analyzes the current in-vehicles HMI trends to provide possible improvement points to improve elderly travelling experience and verify possible encounters between the fast development of the automotive industry and the mobility of elderly people.
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Singh, Jaspreet, Deepinder Kaur, and Guneet Kaur. "Automated Health Assistance based on IOT and Machine Learning." In 2021 International Conference on Technological Advancements and Innovations (ICTAI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai53825.2021.9673237.

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Ruchit, Pulkit Suryavanshi, Sagar Kaushik, and Deepali Dev. "An Automated Model for Booking Appointment in Health Care Sector." In 2021 International Conference on Technological Advancements and Innovations (ICTAI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai53825.2021.9673206.

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Dhanya, S., P. E. Ameenudeen, Aiswarya Vasudev, Alisha Benny, and Saumya Joy. "Automated Accident Alert." In 2018 International Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations In Engineering And Technological Research (ICETIETR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetietr.2018.8529127.

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Bhavasaar, Monisha K., M. Nithya, R. Praveena, N. S. Bhuvaneswari, and T. Kalaiselvi. "Automated intravenous fluid monitoring and alerting system." In 2016 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2016.7801217.

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Arokianathan, P., V. Dinesh, B. Elamaran, M. Veluchamy, and S. Sivakumar. "Automated toll booth and theft detection system." In 2017 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2017.8273691.

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Revathi, B., Arun Ramesh, S. Sivanandhan, T. B. Isha, Vaishakh Prakash, and Saisuriyaa G. "Solar Charger for Electric Vehicles." In 2018 International Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations In Engineering and Technological Research (ICETIETR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetietr.2018.8529129.

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Vasudevan, Ashwin, D. Ajith Kumar, and N. S. Bhuvaneswari. "Precision farming using unmanned aerial and ground vehicles." In 2016 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2016.7801229.

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Reports on the topic "Automated vehicles – Technological innovations"

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Beiker, Sven. Unsettled Issues Regarding Communication of Automated Vehicles with Other Road Users. SAE International, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2020023.

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The focus of this SAE EDGE™ Research Report is to address a topic overlooked by many who choose to view automated driving systems and AVs from a “10,000-foot” perspective: how automated vehicles (AVs) will actually communicate with other road users. Conventional (human-driven) vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians already have a functioning system of understating each other while on the move. Adding automated vehicles to the mix requires assessing the spectrum of existing modes of communication – both implicit and explicit, biological and technological, and how they will interact with each other in the real world. The impending deployment of AVs represents a major shift in the traditional approach to ground transportation; its effects will inevitably be felt by parties directly involved with the vehicle manufacturing and use and those that play roles in the mobility ecosystem (e.g., aftermarket and maintenance industries, infrastructure and planning organizations, automotive insurance providers, marketers, telecommunication companies). Unsettled Issues Regarding Communication of Automated Vehicles with Other Road Users brings together the multiple scenarios we are likely to see in a future not too far away and how they are likely to play out in practical ways.
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