Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Autochtones – éducation'
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Côté, Isabelle. "Parcours de décrochage et raccrochage scolaire des jeunes autochtones en milieu urbain : le point de vue des étudiants autochtones." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26154/26154.pdf.
Full textLefevre-Radelli, Léa. "L'expérience des étudiants autochtones à l'université : racisme systémique, stratégies d'adaptation et espoir de changement social." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2039.
Full textIn Canada, there is a significant gap between the educational level of Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. In 2016, 3 out of 10 Indigenous people had dropped out of high school, and only 11% of Indigenous people have a university degree, compared to 29% of non-Indigenous Canadians (Statistics Canada 2017). Considering these inequalities, several studies have identified the needs, barriers, and success or failure factors for Indigenous students. In this regard, my doctoral degree aims to improve understanding of the experiences of First Nations students in university. It is based on a qualitative empirical-inductive survey conducted between 2014 and 2017 in Montreal, Quebec. The body of data consists of interviews with 21 current and former First Nations students from Université du Québec à Montréal and Université de Montréal, supplemented by interviews with 3 English-speaking First Nations students from McGill University, 3 non- Indigenous students and 9 resource people from Montreal postsecondary institutions. The research mobilizes critical theories in education (critical pedagogy and anti-racist perspective) and Critical Race Theory to interpret the results, distancing itself from traditional analyzes based on theories of "cultural discontinuity". Addressing issues from the perspective of racial oppression helps to redefine the framework for thinking about inequalities in education between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. Several factors are key to differentiating the academic experience of participants, including the relationship to the urban environment and cultural, social, and linguistic capital. Only a minority of participants experienced urban, academic, and social adjustment difficulties. All participants, however, experienced the consequences of systemic racism towards Indigenous peoples. The thesis therefore sheds light on the effects of discrimination mechanisms that students face at interpersonal and institutional levels. It also contributes to a better understanding of the ways in which students exercise their agency. Students conform (at least in appearance) to imposed school rules in order to acquire the tools necessary for long-term social change. In the short term, while being forced to adapt to Eurocentric structures, they try not to be defined by the experiences of stigmatization and by a racialized identity imposed by colonization
Vallée-Longpré, Julien. "Perspectives autochtones dans l’histoire nationale : étude de cas sur des propositions des associations autochtones depuis les années 1960." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70395.
Full textThis thesis focus on indigenous claims regarding history teaching in Quebec. The goal of this study is to understand how to incorporate indigenous views of the past in Quebec’s history curriculum and into teaching practices. To do so, various documents were used: briefs, documents for comment, reports and education programs. A special attention was paid to the briefs produced by indigenous communities during the major educational reforms. In those briefs, indigenous communities put forward their visions of the past and discuss how they should be included in history taught to students. More specifically, we refer to the Parent report (1964), but also to the two last reports that dealt with history teaching, the Lacoursière report (1996) and the Beauchemin-Fahmy-Eid report (2014)Various theories developped by educational researchers (for example the historical thinking of Peter Seixas or Barton’s agentivity) will help us understand how history can be taught in a way that promotes in students a social and historical consciousness that recognizesthe contributions of First Nations in the past and present society.In fact, history teaching often uses cultural and historiographical frameworks from previous generations. At the secondary level, a considerable amount of learning situations present indigenous people as passive characters of Quebec and Canada historical narrative.(Bories-Sawala, Thibault, 2020).By analysing briefs published by indigenous associations, our study will allow us to characterize how First Nations envision their past and how they think it should be taught in today’s schools.
Robert-Careau, Flavie. "La socialisation scolaire des jeunes autochtones au Québec : l'exemple du cégep de Joliette." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33745.
Full textOuellette, Robert-Falcon. "Evaluating Aboriginal Curricula using a Cree-Métis perspective with a regard towards Indigenous knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22939.
Full textLe, Bouler Pavelic Santos Nathalie. "Aprender e ensinar com os Outros : a educação como meio de abertura e de defesa na aldeia Tupinambáde Serra do Padeiro (Bahia, Brasil)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0091.
Full textThe subject of this doctoral thesis is the process, and its subsequent consolidation as a project, of indigenous school education in the Tupinambá community of Serra do Padeiro (Terra Indígena Tupinambá de Olivença, Bahia-Brazil). The different phases and transitions of the Tupinambá trajectory of struggle are examined by the implementation of a differentiated educational system, which has required constant reorganization from the loss of the indigenous territory and the desire to provide a formal education to the new generations as a means of reversion, positive, of the contemporary situation. The thesis also seeks to highlight the violation of legal frameworks regarding indigenous peoples as an extremely important dimension for the understanding of this educational project. In this context, interethnic relations have a direct effect on the process in question. It emphasizes the particularity represented by the formal education project of the Serra do Padeiro community, as it is guided by the encantados - main entities of their worldview - who act as "educational agents" and, complementarily, by welcoming the Other, in this case, non-indigenous students. In addition to the Tupinambá discourses about the advantages of the Colégio Estadual Indígena Tupinambá de Serra do Padeiro (CEITSP) for the region, it is described, how day-to-day teaching is developed and understood as "doubly differentiated" - being indigenous and welcoming non-indigenous- and how the "traditional" and the “western” knowledge are chosen and systematized in this context. Finally, the thesis aims to show that the community of Serra do Padeiro transmits its teachings in the course of the struggle for their rights, configuring an educational model that could be expanded beyond its own borders, through adaptation to other contexts under new parameters of interethnic relations
Gravelle, Jacqueline. "Étude comparative de l'éducation traditionnelle autochtone et de l'éducation holistique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29347.
Full textWallace, Isabelle. "L’intégration de la compétence culturelle autochtone en sciences infirmières : l’expérience des professeurs." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38265.
Full textCheklab, Myriam. "Basculer vers des pédagogies décoloniales : regards, chemins et horizons croisés entre des communautés nasa en Colombie et des descendant.es de colonisé.es en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080134.
Full textThe starting point of this research seeks to decolonize educational, pedagogical and research highlighting alternative epistemologies and modes of existence, based on experiences from the South. Decolonizing is understood as an epistemological shift that unties hegemonic colonial patterns of Western modernity. Patterns that inhabit our ways to the world and thus are present within all educational spaces. …/…The research focuses on decolonial pedagogical practices of Abya Yala. These are understood within the plurality of pedagogical expressions that arise from struggles against colonialism and globalized capitalism. They appear to be an exploratory path in order to overcome numerous limitations often set within the frames of forms of critical pedagogy such as French popular education, which is rooted in the legacy of eurocentrism. …/…The purpose of the research to connect experiences of land recuperation and Nasa community education in the Cauca region in Colombia, with voices of educators and activists of colonized descent in France. …/…The first part of the manuscript aims to develop a critical reading of academic coloniality within research practices and calls for decolonial forms of research. The second part develops a re-reading of the history of the colonized and their struggles, intertwined with the history of French popular education, revealing the whiteness of the latter and the silencing processes to which the former are subjugated. The third and last part, mainly based on practical experiences, highlights shifting points in the thinking of education and pedagogy from a décolonial perspective
Chantreau, Katell. "Transmettre une langue minoritaire autochtone à ses enfants : le cas du breton." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20018.
Full textStarting from the parents’ point of view, this thesis in educational sciences studies the family transmission of Breton, in a context of linguistic revitalization that follows the almost total rupture of the intergenerational transmission in the 1950s. A field survey of Breton-speaking parents aged between 23 and 48 in 2018 forms the basis of this research and has made it possible to collect a large amount of quantitative and qualitative data from 50 semi-structured interviews and two questionnaires (450 respondents for one and 306 for the other). It highlights the diversity of family strategies for transmitting the Breton language, in terms of parent-child communication and the environment, ranging from strong, very proactive transmission practices to weak or non-existent transmission practices. It also highlights their dynamic nature, often in the sense of a weakening of transmission as the child grows up. The analysis of parents’ linguistic choices reveals the influence of many factors relating to the environment (family, school, work), the context of the interaction (spouse, child, presence of a third party) and the parent speaker himself or herself (language socialisation, gender, feeling of competence), which combine to form a unique configuration that may or may not allow for language transmission. The transmitting parents report on the educational, personal, family, cultural and political issues involved. The thesis concludes with a series of recommendations for a potential future language policy in favour of the family transmission of Breton
Crytes, Geneviève. "Le modèle d'enseignement euro-canadien dans le pensionnat autochtone de Saint-Marc-de-Figuery: une étude historique." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26294.
Full textRasoloarivony, Theis Lala Voahangimampionona. "Migration interne et éducation : transrégionalisme et développement. Cas de la commune rurale de Lohariandava dans la région Atsinanana à Madagascar." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF041.
Full textAs part of the implementation of the Jirama water and electricity company since 1978, several types of internal migration are practiced in the rural commune of Lohariandava in the Atsinanana region on the east coast of Madagascar. They have the transregional aspect of the fact that the migrants invest on two or more regions of the island’s hill to develop them. The results of the socio-anthropological surveys helped explain how transregionalism affects not only the economic life but also the educational life of the children of migrant and indigenous people in Lohariandava. The rurban characteristics of the study area participate in the implementation of all kids of development action. Each transmigrant is a development Actor. The non-consideration of the culture of each Actor can hamper the eradication of feelings of incomprehension and xenophobia. The multirational theory of Jean-Pierre Olivier De Sardan will make it possible to confront and consider the different logics of the presence of all Actors in the migratory zone and proposes solutions to achieve a single goal: the real development of the country
Leroy, Marie. "Du plurilinguisme à l'école au Sud-Tyrol : minorités linguistiques, représentations sociolinguistiques, dynamiques identitaires et pratiques éducatives en milieu plurilingue." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2021/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes to investigate the linguistic appropriations and the conceptualizations of language of secondary school students in the town of Bozen-Bolzano in South Tyrol / Alto Adige, as a sociolinguistic and didactic reflection. In this officially multilingual Italian province, which enjoys a status of protection of the German-speaking minority, living together is strongly marked by the separation of schools on an ethnolinguistic basis. The relatively recent presence of transnational migrants calls for a renewed look at the dynamics of identification between "indigenous" and "non-indigeneous" and, more particularly, its implications for education. By giving disposable cameras to secondary school students in the town of Bozen-Bolzano, a city that seems to embody a certain hybridism, with the mission of photographing "the languages of the neighborhood" to create an exhibition, the goal is to investigate the ways young people interpret the plurality that surrounds them
Baronnet, Bruno. "Autonomía y educación indígena : las escuelas zapatistas de las cañadas de la selva Lacandona de Chiapas, México." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030087.
Full textBased on the educational practices of the Zapatista peasants of Chiapas, autonomy is conceptualized as the collective construction of a project of Indian peoples in a field of domination and social resistance. At the center of the dispute with the nation state, control over educators by the communities who designate and evaluate them is put into perspective with other contexts, discourses and actions of indigenous political organizations in Latin America. Before 1994, Indian education programs, primarily clandestine, as in the Quiché [Guatemala] and Cauca [Colombia], were antecedents to the Zapatista experience of radical autonomy. As endogenous policies, sui generis, and historically located in multicultural territories or refuges, they call into question the capacity and legitimacy of the nation state in the administrative and pedagogical management of schools. With the authority of the assembly of families and of new communitarian roles! [including the “promoters of education”], the power relations and the social positions of intermediation are being reconfigured between State actors and rebel territories. The active participation of Tzeltal activists contributes to the social appropriation of the school, thus becoming a barrier against social differentiation and cultural assimilation. This participation is an engine for dignity and legitimacy in managing space and time at school, as well as methods and contents. Changes related to autonomy destabilize the status quo in terms of the organization of the school, the political role and work of teachers, and the educational choices relevant for Zapatistas indigenous people
Genevrier, Quentin. "La collaboration entre les instances gouvernementales et les communautés autochtones non conventionnées en éducation au Québec : une analyse documentaire des aspirations des communautés autochtones non conventionnées à l’autonomie." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20571.
Full textBoulet, Virginie. "Maternité précoce et réussite scolaire chez les femmes autochtones au Canada." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20099.
Full textMatias-Gómez, Vivaldo. "Interculturalité et éducation : la pratique pédagogique des formateurs d’enseignants dans le cadre de la formation initiale autochtone de l’État de Michoacán au Mexique." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23561.
Full textThis doctoral research focuses on the practices of teacher educators in the context of indigenous initial training in Michoacán State, Mexico. It aims to describe, analyse and promote understanding of how indigenous teacher training colleges, through their curricula and pedagogical practices, are currently preparing future indigenous teachers to deal with the cultural diversity of the school population. In studying the case of the Indigenous Teacher Training College in Michoacán State, Mexico, we focused our attention on the practice of indigenous teacher trainers. We have hypothesized that Aboriginal teaching practice occurs in a context of unresolved tensions, dilemmas and difficulties, not only because of the training of Aboriginal teachers and the methodological and material resources on which they rely, but also because of their role as cultural intermediaries between the needs and aspirations of Aboriginal communities and the formal policies of federal and state curricula. Our research is based on qualitative methodology as well as on the analysis of cultural diversity using the theoretical approach of critical and decolonizing interculturality. The results of this research confirm that, even though indigenous teacher educators are aware of their role as cultural intermediaries, they do not have the theoretical, practical and pedagogical means to overcome this mision. The data collected allowed us to reveal how these contradictions provoke in them a kind of inner division that is difficult to overcome between their values and traditions from their communities; as if by being teacher trainers and bending to the role that the school makes them play, they tended to become "other", to be finally shared between two cultures with different, even antagonistic values and references, finding only individual pedagogical strategies or empirical and ad hoc solutions to get by in their teaching practices. On the basis of such findings, this research seeks to counter-propose, as outlines of practical solutions, a new definition of the teacher trainer i.e. a trainer who is capable of rediscovering the profound meaning of what "a teacher" can mean in his broadest and most noble understanding: more than a pedagogical technician, more than a specialist in skills, more than an operator of institutional prescriptions, it should first and foremost be considered as a "knowledge broker": complex theoretical and practical knowledge; knowledge rooted in the past, but also in relation to contemporary knowledge.
Dufour, Emanuelle. "La sécurité culturelle en tant que moteur de réussite postsecondaire : enquête auprès d'étudiants autochtones de l'Institution Kiuna et des espaces adaptés au sein des établissements allochtones." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13638.
Full textCan cultural adaptation of postsecondary programs and services contribute to the cultural empowerment of First Nations students? Can cultural identity act as an academic anchor for aboriginal students within the postsecondary system? Through cultural security and identity rooting concepts, I will demonstrate that the consecration of physical and ideological spaces within the postsecondary education system can contribute to the retention and success of First Nations students. This study draws on the findings of a field study conducted between 2013 and 2015 to which have participated more than 100 Aboriginal students and 15 professionals of various educational bodies, including Projet SEUR’s volet Jeunes autochtones (Université de Montréal), Kiuna Institution, the First Nations Education Council (FNEC), the Aboriginal Resource Center (John Abbott College), the First Peoples' House and the Indigenous Student Alliance (McGill University), the Aboriginal Student Resource Center (Concordia University) and the Wendake’s Centre de développement de la formation et de la main-d'oeuvre (CDFM) huron-wendat. Two distinct formulas will be therefore analyzed: 1. Cultural adaptation of academic services within the post-secondary institution and 2. Cultural adaption of academic programs and services within First Nations' postsecondary institution. This second strategy will be examined through a case study of the collegial Kiuna Institute, conducted among the French cohort of the First Nations Social Program. Results will be presented under the light of those collected in regard to La Macaza’s Manitou College (1973-1976) and American Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCU).
Larochelle, Catherine. "L'apprentissage des Autres : la construction rhétorique et les usages pédagogiques de l'altérité à l'école québécoise (1830-1915)." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20762.
Full textChaurette, Mathieu. "Les premières écoles autochtones au Québec : progression, opposition et luttes de pouvoir, 1792-1853." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4317/1/M12264.pdf.
Full textDubeau, Geneviève. "La identidad autóctona y el aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua en comunidades indígenas de Hispanoamérica : el caso de Ecuador." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5985.
Full textThis research is built around a practical investigation conducted in three Quichua communities living in northern Ecuador. It claims to study the impact that should have the cultural and linguistic diversity in the educational policies in multilingual and multicultural environments. In Spanish America, the education of indigenous people has never been very attentive to their specific needs in respect to learning Spanish as a second language. Indeed, the motivations of these learners, more instrumentals than integratives, show that indigenous learn the Spanish language almost exclusively to communicate, without being actually interested in the group's native language. In addition, our field research with Otavalo learners showed us that their very strong ethnic identification influences the acquisition of Spanish. On the one hand, they are more likely to distinguish themselves from others, especially the Hispanic speaking people, and on the other hand, they don’t achieve high competence in the second language. Our research concludes that education, no matters if it comes from the national or the bilingual system, should further consider the ethnolinguistic identity of the many indigenous children, in order not to prejudice their rights. This would encourage a positive and significant acquisition of Spanish, as a second language or mother tongue, but would also consolidate the indigenous identity of the learners.
Esta investigación se basa en un trabajo de campo llevado a cabo en tres comunidades quichua del norte de Ecuador. Pretende estudiar el impacto que debería tener la diversidad cultural y lingüística en las políticas educativas en contextos plurilingüe y multicultural. En Hispanoamérica, por lo general la educación de los pueblos indígenas nunca ha tenido muy en cuenta sus necesidades específicas respecto al aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua. En efecto, la motivación de los aprendientes, más instrumental que integradora, muestra que los indígenas aprenden el idioma español casi exclusivamente para comunicarse, sin estar realmente interesados en el grupo meta. Además, nuestro trabajo de campo con aprendientes del pueblo otavalo mostró que la fuerte identificación con el propio grupo influye en la adquisición del español. Por un lado, son más propensos a distinguirse de los demás, especialmente de los nativos hispanohablantes, y por otro, no alcanzan altas competencias en la lengua segunda. Nuestra investigación concluye entonces que la educación, impartida por el sistema nacional o bilingüe, tiene que considerar la identidad etnolingüística de los numerosos niños y niñas indígenas, con el fin de no perjudicar sus derechos. Tal manera de actuar fomentaría un aprendizaje positivo y significativo del español, como segunda lengua o como lengua materna, y al mismo tiempo ayudaría al fortalecimiento de la identidad indígena de los alumnos.