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Kopelman, Michael D. "Anomalies of Autobiographical Memory." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 25, no. 10 (September 2, 2019): 1061–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561771900081x.
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AbstractObjectives:In this paper, I review three ‘anomalies’ or disorders in autobiographical memory: neurological retrograde amnesia (RA), spontaneous confabulation, and psychogenic amnesia.Methods:Existing theories are reviewed, their limitations considered, some of my own empirical findings briefly described, and possible interpretations proposed and interspersed with illustrative case-reports.Results:In RA, there may be an important retrieval component to the deficit, and factors at encoding may give rise to the relative preservation of early memories (and the reminiscence bump) which manifests as a temporal gradient. Spontaneous confabulation appears to be associated with a damaged ‘filter’ in orbitofrontal and ventromedial frontal regions. Consistent with this, an empirical study has shown that both the initial severity of confabulation and its subsequent decline are associated with changes in the executive function (especially in cognitive estimate errors) and inversely with the quantity of accurate autobiographical memories retrieved. Psychogenic amnesia can be ‘global’ or ‘situation-specific’. The former is associated with a precipitating stress, depressed mood, and (often) a past history of a transient neurological amnesia. In these circumstances, frontal control mechanisms can inhibit retrieval of autobiographical memories, and even the sense of ‘self’ (identity), while compromised medial temporal function prevents subsequent retrieval of what occurred during a ‘fugue’. An empirical investigation of psychogenic amnesia and some recent imaging studies have provided findings consistent with this view.Conclusions:Taken together, these various observations point to the importance of frontal ‘control’ systems (in interaction with medial temporal/hippocampal systems) in the retrieval and, more particularly, the disrupted retrieval of ‘old’ memories.
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Нуркова, V. V., and D. A. Vasilenko. "The power of imagination / The weakness of dating: on two origins of autobiographical memory distortion." Psychology and Law 7, no. 1 (2017): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017070115.
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The article focuses on issues of autobiographical memory malleability which are of high relevance to forensic practice. Taking into account both single case report and mass studies we revealed that time is the weakest aspect of autobiographical recollection. Namely, dating of past event and ordering of event components are prone to memory distortion to the maximum extent. Paradoxically, it coincides with high confidence in accuracy of event recalled. Than we shifted to the most discussed in the relevant literature mechanism of memory transformation i.e. imagination inflation. This mechanism consists of mistaking just imagined event for a real one. We also noted that high subjective probability of imagined event and reliable source of misinformation make significant impact into memory transformation.
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Hlavatska, Yu. "AN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL TEXT: THE SHIFTING OF THE LINGUISTIC FORM (CASE STUDY OF ITS TYPOLOGY AND STYLISTIC FEATURES)." Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка. Філологічні науки, no. 3(98) (December 23, 2022): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/philology.3(98).2022.79-89.
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The article provides an analysis of modern theoretical and methodological studies focused on the study of autobiographical texts within their typological and stylistic characteristics. It has been specified that the theoretical understanding of autobiographical texts closely correlates with the concepts of anthropocentrism and the autobiographical discourse.
The purpose of our paper is to outline the main vectors of theoretical studies of the autobiography and the biography as texts of the autobiographical discourse. It is believed that the processed data have a fruitful basis for further research of the literary biography. It is noted that the linguistic form of the autobiography has undergone changes due to the skillful description of a person’s life as an amazing story via which one can outline his/her image.
The attention has been focused on various scientific approaches to the study of an autobiographical text in modern linguistics. Different classification criteria as well as linguistic and stylistic properties of the autobiography and the biography have been established, such as: retrospectivity, chronology, identity of the author, narrator and protagonist, memory, openness, ratio of the past and the present, a pronounced personal element, ratio of subjective and objective principles.
The article claims that the text of the artistic biography differs from the text of the literary biography. The latter is characterized by a gradual and slow depiction of data from the real life of a specific figure, an arbitrary way of presenting the material, a combination of elements of two styles (artistic and official), awareness of the picture of the past life of the object of the literary biography. Among the stylistic peculiarities of such texts the article distinguished emotional and expressive vocabulary, complex sentences, the author’s digressions that reflect his personal positions and "destroy" the ambiguity, one-planning and simplification of the biographical text.
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Pellicer-Ortín, Silvia. "“The Ghost Language Which Passes between the Generations”: Transgenerational Memories and Limit-Case Narratives in Lisa Appignanesi’s Losing the Dead and The Memory Man." Humanities 9, no. 4 (November 2, 2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9040132.
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This article aims to uncover the tensions and connections between Lisa Appignanesi’s autobiographical work Losing the Dead (1999) and her novel The Memory Man (2004) and to point out that, in spite of belonging to different genres, they share several formal, thematic, and structural features. By applying close-reading and narratological tools and drawing on relevant theories within Trauma, Memory, and Holocaust Studies, I would like to demonstrate that both works can be defined as limit-case narratives on the grounds that they blur literary genres, fuse testimonial and narrative layers, include metatextual references to memory and trauma, and represent and perform the transgenerational encounter with traumatic memories. Moreover, Appignanesi’s creations will be contextualised within the trend of hybrid life-writing narratives developed by contemporary British-Jewish women writers. Accordingly, these authors are contributing to the expansion of innovative liminal autobiographical and fictional practices that try to represent what it means to be a Jew, a migrant, and an inheritor of traumatic experiences in the post-Holocaust world. Finally, I launch a further reflection on the generic hybridisation characterising those contemporary narratives based on the negotiation of transgenerational memories, which will be read as a fruitful strategy to problematize the conflicts created when the representation of the self and (family) trauma overlap.
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Kevers, Ruth, Peter Rober, and Lucia De Haene. "Unraveling the Mobilization of Memory in Research With Refugees." Qualitative Health Research 28, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732317746963.
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In this article, we explore how narrative accounts of trauma are co-constructed through the interaction between researcher and participant. Using a narrative multiple-case study with Kurdish refugee families, we address how this process takes place, investigating how researcher and participants were engaged in relational, moral, collective, and sociopolitical dimensions of remembering, and how this led to the emergence of particular ethical questions. Case examples indicate that acknowledging the multilayered co-construction of remembering in the research relationship profoundly complicates existing deontological guidelines that predominantly emphasize the researcher’s responsibility in sensitively dealing with participants’ alleged autobiographical trauma narratives. Instead, our analysis invites qualitative researchers to engage in a continued, context-specific ethical reflection on the potential risks and benefits that are invoked in studies with survivors of collective violence.
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Ramos, S. Freitas, M. Seabra, P. Â. Horta, J. Guimarães, and R. Grangeia. "A blank slate – apropos a clinical case." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1722.
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IntroductionDissociative Amnesia remains an enigmatic and controversial entity. It is classically described as responsible for autobiographic amnesia associated with a traumatic event.ObjectivesTo report a clinical case and review the literature.MethodsWe collected data from the patient’s clinical file with his informed consent. We conducted a non-systematic review of the literature.ResultsA 46-years-old patient presents to the emergency department for sudden global retrograde amnesia, with multiple domain amnestic syndrome (impairing verbal and visual memory, processing speed, mental flexibility, calculus, executive functions and language). He was initially admitted for a suspected infectious meningoencephalitis, which was not confirmed. Later an autoimmune encephalitis was pursued. Brain MRI showed a nonspecific left temporal and hipocampal hyperintensity and the EEG a mild left temporal dysfunction. The autoimmune encephalitis panel was negative and the formal diagnostic criteria were not met. The neurologic examination at discharge presented only with autobiographical and semantic amnesia. On the mental state examination, he presented with depressive symptoms reactive to the situation. There was no evident traumatic event apart from a promotion received the day before the amnesia started. He was prescribed escitalopram 10 mg/day. The amnesia was maintained at 9 months follow-up.ConclusionsOur case report illustrates a case of amnesia without evident organic or psychogenic cause, assumed as a dissociative amnesia. Further studies are necessary to clarify the pathophysiology of this condition and develop specific treatments.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Kopelman, Michael D., and Narinder Kapur. "The loss of episodic memories in retrograde amnesia: single–case and group studies." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1413 (September 29, 2001): 1409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0942.
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Retrograde amnesia in neurological disorders is a perplexing and fascinating research topic. The severity of retrograde amnesia is not well correlated with that of anterograde amnesia, and there can be disproportionate impairments of either. Within retrograde amnesia, there are various dissociations which have been claimed—for example, between the more autobiographical (episodic) and more semantic components of memory. However, the associations of different types of retrograde amnesia are also important, and clarification of these issues is confounded by the fact that retrograde amnesia seems to be particularly vulnerable to psychogenic factors. Large frontal and temporal lobe lesions have been postulated as critical in producing retrograde amnesia. Theories of retrograde amnesia have encompassed storage versus access disruption, physiological processes of ‘consolidation’, the progressive transformation of episodic memories into a more ‘semantic’ form, and multiple–trace theory. Single–case investigations, group studies and various forms of neuroimaging can all contribute to the resolution of these controversies.
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Squire, Larry R., Soyun Kim, Jennifer C. Frascino, Jacopo Annese, Jeffrey Bennett, Ricardo Insausti, and David G. Amaral. "Neuropsychological and neuropathological observations of a long-studied case of memory impairment." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 47 (November 9, 2020): 29883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018960117.
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We report neuropsychological and neuropathological findings for a patient (A.B.), who developed memory impairment after a cardiac arrest at age 39. A.B. was a clinical psychologist who, although unable to return to work, was an active participant in our neuropsychological studies for 24 y. He exhibited a moderately severe and circumscribed impairment in the formation of long-term, declarative memory (anterograde amnesia), together with temporally graded retrograde amnesia covering ∼5 y prior to the cardiac arrest. More remote memory for both facts and autobiographical events was intact. His neuropathology was extensive and involved the medial temporal lobe, the diencephalon, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. In the hippocampal formation, there was substantial cell loss in the CA1 and CA3 fields, the hilus of the dentate gyrus (with sparing of granule cells), and the entorhinal cortex. There was also cell loss in the CA2 field, but some remnants remained. The amygdala demonstrated substantial neuronal loss, particularly in its deep nuclei. In the thalamus, there was damage and atrophy of the anterior nuclear complex, the mediodorsal nucleus, and the pulvinar. There was also loss of cells in the medial and lateral mammillary nuclei in the hypothalamus. We suggest that the neuropathology resulted from two separate factors: the initial cardiac arrest (and respiratory distress) and the recurrent seizures that followed, which led to additional damage characteristic of temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Elfrink, Teuntje R., Sytse U. Zuidema, Miriam Kunz, and Gerben J. Westerhof. "Life story books for people with dementia: a systematic review." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 12 (July 18, 2018): 1797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218000376.
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ABSTRACTObjectives:There is an increasing evidence that reminiscence therapy is effective in improving cognitive functions and reducing depressive symptoms in people with dementia. Life story books (LSBs) are frequently used as a reminiscence tool to support recollecting autobiographical memories. As little is known about how LSBs are used and what type of studies have been employed to evaluate LSB interventions, we conducted a systematic review.Methods:The electronic databases Scopus, PubMed, and PsychINFO as well as reference lists of existing studies were searched to select eligible articles. Out of the 55 studies found, 14 met the inclusion criterion of an original empirical study on LSBs in people with dementia.Results:The majority of the LSBs were tangible books, although some digital applications were also found. The LSBs were created mostly in individual sessions in nursing homes with a median of six sessions. Some studies only focused on the person with dementia, while others also examined (in)formal caregivers. Most studies used qualitative interviews, case studies, and/or (pilot) randomized controlled trial (RCTs) with small sample sizes. Qualitative findings showed the value of LSBs in triggering memories and in improving the relation with the person with dementia. Quantitative effects were found on, e.g. autobiographical memory and depression of persons with dementia, quality of relationship with informal caregivers, burden of informal caregivers, and on attitudes and knowledge of formal caregivers.Conclusions:This systematic review confirms that the use of LSBs to support reminiscence and person-centered care is promising, but larger RCTs or implementation studies are needed to establish the effects of LSBs on people with dementia.
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Clark, Ian A., Martina F. Callaghan, Nikolaus Weiskopf, and Eleanor A. Maguire. "The relationship between hippocampal-dependent task performance and hippocampal grey matter myelination and iron content." Brain and Neuroscience Advances 5 (January 2021): 239821282110119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23982128211011923.
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Individual differences in scene imagination, autobiographical memory recall, future thinking and spatial navigation have long been linked with hippocampal structure in healthy people, although evidence for such relationships is, in fact, mixed. Extant studies have predominantly concentrated on hippocampal volume. However, it is now possible to use quantitative neuroimaging techniques to model different properties of tissue microstructure in vivo such as myelination and iron. Previous work has linked such measures with cognitive task performance, particularly in older adults. Here we investigated whether performance on scene imagination, autobiographical memory, future thinking and spatial navigation tasks was associated with hippocampal grey matter myelination or iron content in young, healthy adult participants. Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected using a multi-parameter mapping protocol (0.8 mm isotropic voxels) from a large sample of 217 people with widely-varying cognitive task scores. We found little evidence that hippocampal grey matter myelination or iron content were related to task performance. This was the case using different analysis methods (voxel-based quantification, partial correlations), when whole brain, hippocampal regions of interest, and posterior:anterior hippocampal ratios were examined, and across different participant sub-groups (divided by gender and task performance). Variations in hippocampal grey matter myelin and iron levels may not, therefore, help to explain individual differences in performance on hippocampal-dependent tasks, at least in young, healthy individuals.
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Wenzel, Amy, Megan M. Werner, Cassandra K. Cochran, and Craig S. Holt. "A DIFFERENTIAL PATTERN OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY RETRIEVAL IN SOCIAL PHOBIC AND NONANXIOUS INDIVIDUALS." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 32, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465804001006.
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The present study examined characteristics of autobiographical memories retrieved by individuals with social phobia (n=15) and nonanxious individuals (n=17). Participants were presented with social threat, positive, and neutral cue words and instructed to retrieve the first specific personal memory that came to mind. Memories were coded for retrieval latency, overgenerality (vs. specificity), and affective tone. Nonanxious individuals, rather than social phobic individuals, demonstrated a bias toward the retrieval of specific negative memories when cued by social threat words. Significant omnibus results were attenuated when self-reported depression was included as a covariate in analyses. These results suggest that memories cued by social threat words are particularly salient for nonanxious individuals but not for individuals with social phobia and that depressive symptoms must be accounted for in studies examining cognitive biases toward threat.
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Bailey, Cate, Norman Poole, and Daniel J. Blackburn. "Identifying patterns of communication in patients attending memory clinics: a systematic review of observations and signs with potential diagnostic utility." British Journal of General Practice 68, no. 667 (January 15, 2018): e123-e138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18x694601.
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BackgroundSubjective cognitive complaints are commonly encountered in primary care and often result in memory clinic referral. However, meta-analyses have shown that such concerns do not consistently correspond to objective memory impairment or predict future dementia. Memory clinic referrals are increasing, with greater proportions of patients attending who do not have dementia. Studies of interaction during memory clinic assessments have identified conversational profiles that can differentiate between dementia and functional disorders of memory. To date, studies exploring communication patterns for the purpose of diagnosis have not been reviewed. Such profiles could reduce unnecessary investigations in patients without dementia.AimTo identify and collate signs and observable features of communication, which could clinically differentiate between dementia and functional disorders of memory.Design and settingThis was a systematic review and synthesis of evidence from studies with heterogeneous methodologies.MethodA qualitative, narrative description and typical memory clinic assessment were employed as a framework.ResultsSixteen studies met the criteria for selection. Two overarching themes emerged: 1) observable clues to incapacity and cognitive impairment during routine assessment and interaction, and 2) strategies and accounts for loss of abilities in people with dementia.ConclusionWhether the patient attends with a companion, how they participate, give autobiographical history, demonstrate working memory, and make qualitative observations during routine cognitive testing are all useful in building a diagnostic picture. Future studies should explore these phenomena in larger populations, over longer periods, include dementia subtypes, and develop robust definitions of functional memory disorders to facilitate comparison.
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Senaha, Mirna Lie Hosogi, Paulo Caramelli, Claudia Sellitto Porto, and Ricardo Nitrini. "Semantic dementia: Brazilian study of nineteen cases." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 1, no. 4 (December 2007): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642008dn10400007.
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Abstract The term semantic dementia was devised by Snowden et al. in 1989 and nowadays, the semantic dementia syndrome is recognized as one of the clinical forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and is characterized by a language semantic disturbance associated to non-verbal semantic memory impairment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe a Brazilian sample of 19 semantic dementia cases, emphasizing the clinical characteristics important for differential diagnosis of this syndrome. Methods: Nineteen cases with semantic dementia were evaluated between 1999 and 2007. All patients were submitted to neurological evaluation, neuroimaging exams and cognitive, language and semantic memory evaluation. Results: All patients presented fluent spontaneous speech, preservation of syntactic and phonological aspects of the language, word-finding difficulty, semantic paraphasias, word comprehension impairment, low performance in visual confrontation naming tasks, impairment on tests of non-verbal semantic memory and preservation of autobiographical memory and visuospatial skills. Regarding radiological investigations, temporal lobe atrophy and/or hypoperfusion were found in all patients. Conclusions: The cognitive, linguistic and of neuroimaging data in our case series corroborate other studies showing that semantic dementia constitutes a syndrome with well defined clinical characteristics associated to temporal lobe atrophy.
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Ouellet, Julie, Isabelle Rouleau, Raymonde Labrecque, Gilles Bernier, and Peter B. Scherzer. "Two Routes to Losing One’s Past Life: A Brain Trauma, an Emotional Trauma." Behavioural Neurology 20, no. 1-2 (2008): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/520328.
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Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia have long been considered as distinct entities and as such, studied separately. However, patterns of neuropsychological impairments in organic and psychogenic amnesia can bear interesting resemblances despite different aetiologies. In this paper, two cases with profound, selective and permanent retrograde amnesia are presented, one of an apparent organic origin and the other with an apparent psychogenic cause. The first case, DD, lost his memory after focal brain injury from a nail gun to the right temporal lobe. The second case, AC, lost her memory in the context of intense psychological suffering. In both cases, pre-morbid autobiographical memory for people, places and events was lost, and no feeling of familiarity was experienced during relearning. In addition, they both lost some semantic knowledge acquired prior to the onset of the amnesia. This contrasts with the preservation of complex motor skills without any awareness of having learned them. Both DD and AC showed mild deficits on memory tests but neither presented any anterograde amnesia. The paradox of these cases–opposite causes yet similar clinical profile–exemplifies the hypothesis that organic and psychogenic amnesia may be two expressions of the same faulty mechanism in the neural circuitry.
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Prisac, Lidia. "The economic crisis in the Republic of Moldova – the catalyst for labor migration." Journal of Ethnology and Culturology 29 (August 2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/rec.2021.29.15.
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The approach of the transition Moldova’s process to a market economy, this article, based on oral history, examines labor migration, especially of women, caused by the economic crises characteristic of this period. The author tried to establish a connection between the stages of migration and the economic crises which new state went through. Thus, he concluded that migration was mainly caused by economic dysfunction. The population flows abroad continued to grow, despite a modest improvement in the economic situation during the 2000–2005 period – insignificant economic growth, in fact, without interrupting the tendency of citizens to go abroad. In the conditions of labor migration, a real psychosis was recorded with regard to the departure of citizens abroad, this effect called “mental contagion”. In general, the economic crisis in the Republic of Moldova caused a turning point in the evolution of society, which led to the emergence of evidence related to the course of events and the phenomenon of migration. In the case of this article, the autobiographical memory of four individuals involved in the migration process was activated. Regarding the causes that determined them to leave the country, the analysis of oral witnesses, as well as specialized works focused on this issue, without a doubt emphasizes the fact that, the economic factor dominated.
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Baker, John, Sharon Savage, and Adam Zeman. "5 Differentiating transient epileptic amnesia from epilepsy in dementia and mild cognitive impairment." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 8 (July 20, 2020): e10.1-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-bnpa.23.
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Objectives/AimsPatients with TEA experience epileptic seizures characterised primarily by a transient impairment of memory. These seizures sometimes include brief periods of unresponsiveness and other ictal features, including olfactory hallucinations and motor automatisms. TEA patients also report interictal memory difficulties: autobiographical amnesia, accelerated long-term forgetting, and topographical amnesia. Epileptic seizures in dementia can lead to behavioural arrest and altered responsiveness, as well as periods of increased confusion and amnesia.We aimed to compare and contrast these conditions with the objective of developing a decision aid to distinguish them efficiently in typical clinical settings.MethodsThis retrospective study examined the case notes of two groups of patients enrolled in two separate studies. The Impairment of Memory in Epilepsy (TIME) study has established a cohort of 115 patients with TEA. The Presentation of Epileptic Seizures in Dementia (PrESIDe) study assessed 144 patients with MCI or dementia and identified a clinical suspicion of epilepsy in 37 (25.7%). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination - Version III (ACE-III) scores were compared as a measure of cognitive function. The prevalence of several key seizures features in both the TEA and epilepsy in dementia populations were identified.ResultsThe average age of seizure onset in the dementia group was 76.91 years, 15 years older than in the TEA group. A range of seizure features were seen in both groups. PrESIDe patients were more likely to have seizures where loss of awareness was a feature. Automatisms occurred in a similar prevalence across both groups, although olfactory hallucinations were significantly more common in the TEA group, as were seizures where amnesia was the sole manifestation. More than 50% of participants in both groups experienced amnestic episodes on waking. Patients with epilepsy in dementia scored significantly lower than patients with TEA on all domains of the ACE-III. However, despite typically normal results on the ACE-III, patients with TEA demonstrate impairments when recall is tested over longer delays (>24 hrs), or on measures of autobiographical memory.ConclusionsIn patients with TEA, the onset of seizures occurs at a younger age than in patients who experience seizures as a feature of their dementia, there are also key differences in the types of seizure reported by these two groups of patients. In contrast to patients with dementia, those with TEA commonly perform normally on standard cognitive tests.
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Rentz, Clarissa, Robert Krikorian, and Michael Keys. "Grief and Mourning from the Perspective of the Person with a Dementing Illness: Beginning the Dialogue." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 50, no. 3 (May 2005): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xbh0-0xr1-h2ka-h0jt.
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While working with individuals with Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders presents many challenges for clinicians, none is more difficult than watching an individual who is cognitively impaired mourn the losses of life and those imposed by the dementing illness. There now is a body of literature on grief in caregivers, but little has been written to help clinicians understand or better support affected individuals who are experiencing multiple losses and yet whose insight, autobiographical memory, and connectedness to others is beginning to blur and fade. This article addresses current models of grief, examines the ability or inability of affected individuals to experience and resolve grief, and attempts to formulate questions that may ultimately allow clinicians and caregivers to better recognize and address the difficult issues of the grief response and mourning process in the person with dementing illness.
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Kuduma, Anda. "Lokālais un globālais Guntas Šnipkes dzejā." Aktuālās problēmas literatūras un kultūras pētniecībā: rakstu krājums, no. 25 (March 4, 2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/aplkp.2020.25.143.
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The article deals with the representation and interaction of the local and global elements in Liepāja poet and professional architect Gunta Šnipke’s poetry writing. The research aims to establish and evaluate the importance of local and global aspects in Šnipke’s poetry creation process by determining the conceptually characteristic ways in the formation of poetic expression. The article particularly emphasizes the phenomenon of memory which reveals the dimension of time in Šnipke’s poetry space, allows to speak not only of the individual but also of the cultural memory by precise emphasis of concrete geographic places, topographic details (showing both the local and global scale) which have directed the author to an observation. The phenomenon of memory reveals the dimension of time and illuminates several levels of individual and collective memory – historical, cultural, autobiographical, feminine. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes the viewpoints of feminism theoreticians (Rosi Braidotti, Virginia Woolf and others) on the aspects of mental nomadism in the perspective of gender studies, as well as several aspects of the cultural memory research (works by Aleida Assmann, Marija Semjonova and others). The local and global issues have been researched mostly in Šnipke’s newest poetry collection “Ceļi” (‘Roads’, 2018) concurrently demonstrating the broader context and development process of the poet’s creative activity since the publishing of the first two poetry collections – “…Bērns ienāca…” (‘…A Child Came in…’, 1995), “...Un jūra” (‘…And the Sea”, 2008). The dominant of Šnipke’s poetic expression is a powerful impulse of thought which allows the creation of broader contexts concerning the current events and phenomena, thus expanding the boundaries of experience established by the strict form. The poet’s strong intellect is in a certain confrontation with an equally strong emotional experience. Šnipke’s poetry is characterised not only by the natural union of the intellectual and emotional elements in one poem but also by a successful amalgamation of various important levels – geographical, cultural and historical, social and personal, autobiographical. This feature is soundly used in creating the artistic concept of the poetry collection “Ceļi”. The collection was highly praised by professionals and awarded by several significant literary prizes. Šnipke’s poetry coincides with the current tendencies in the contemporary Latvian poetry process both in content and form; the poetic thought is mostly expressed in expanded and associatively dense syntactic structures. Šnipke’s poetry complies with the feminine poetry tendency to record the history of one’s own family within significant historic events pouring the individual experiences into layers of collective experience. Personal and seemingly insignificant becomes of global importance joining the space of common European memory, the distant and foreign phenomena are made closer and more understandable. In the longer forms, a woman and the feminine language become the main narrators of the past.
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Hayuningsih, Arifah Arum Candra. "The Javanese Diaspora in New Caledonia reflected in Ama Bastien’s Le Rêve Accompli de Bandung à Noumea and Marc Bouan’s L’Echarpe et le Kriss." Jurnal Humaniora 34, no. 1 (March 5, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.72743.
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New Caledonia is a French Overseas Territorywhose lit erary works do not take the “center stage” in Francophone literature. In particular, the Javanese diasporic community in this archipelago has received relatively little attention from researchers, with past studies largely focusing on Javanese indentured laborers in Suriname, instead. This research examined the autobiographical novels of two New Caledonian writers, Le rêve accompli de Bandung à Nouméa by Ama Bastien and L’écharpe et le kriss by Marc Bouan. These writers belong to the second generation of Javanese immigrants, whose parents came to New Caledonia at the beginning of the 20th century under the indentured laborer scheme. The analysis employed diasporic and cultural identity as its theoretical framework, along with Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek’s comparative cultural studies method. The results explicate the way in which these novels embody the establishment of identity in the Javanese diaspora in New Caledonia. They also demonstrate how the contestation of identity and memory is inextricably linked to the problems of the Javanese diasporic communities. These findings should contribute to and encourage the further study of diasporic communities related to Southeast Asian indentured labor.
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Jonutytė, Jurga. "Choices Creating the Modern Self in Oral Life Stories." Tautosakos darbai 58 (December 20, 2019): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2019.28395.
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The autobiographical narrative, or life story, of a modern urban citizen is usually constructed in such a way that choices become its key moments. The modern urban man does not inherit their parents’ farm, does not continue the trade of their father or mother; instead, they choose everything that shapes them according to their demands and understanding. Choices thus become the key elements in the narrative portrait of the modern subject. This notion would suppose placing of the evaluating, deciding and choosing subject (ethical, social or political one) always in the foreground, with the entirety of the narrated life depending solely on their inner processes. These choices and decisions allegedly shape the narrative ego, or the narrating subject, which is at the core of any narrative. Such “self” does not contain any discrepancies or ambiguities; it is coherent, explicable and reasonable.However, such notion of the modern autobiographical narrative is challenged by numerous researchers of memory. For instance, this article draws on the views by philosopher Emmanuel Levinas maintaining that choices include also the presence of what is different, new and unusual. The inner logic of the narrating subject, their reasoning and evaluations of the definite or abstract phenomena not necessarily determine the outcome of the choice. The most important choices are experienced, remembered and narrated as more or less unexpected inbreaks of the Otherness into the stable everyday routine. In some cases, this Otherness is experienced and remembered as a very strong emotion evoked by seeing another human being in distress, in other cases – as a fascinating and attractive novelty, and in yet others – as a discovery of one’s own physical abilities. Such cases are analyzed in this article on the basis of empirical data – namely, by employing fragments of three different autobiographical narratives.The forth presented narrative reveals a different modern subject, who is indeed introduced as the one making rational choices, decisions and judgments. In this case, the oral narrative seems rather similar to a written or even literary autobiography. This narrative, which also creates the modern “self”, testifies to the existence of a different mode of constructing of the narrating subject, i.e. the one that is based on the ethical judgment and ceaseless rational consideration. The difference between the last example and the three earlier ones is striking: the three first stories represent an emotionally absorbed and adopted modernity, which manifests itself as an inclination to create, introduce, and spontaneously react to innovations, taking care of everything around. The fourth example demonstrates another way of interrelating the events in one’s life: namely, by rational and sober consideration, rejection of unacceptable local notions and creation of a coherent and universally righteous “self” (which takes into account only the most general principles formulated in the masterpieces of the global literature and philosophy). The author maintains that both such ways of constructing the modern “self” that are introduced in her article may exist in parallel, thus revealing the diversity and complexity of the modern “self”.
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Lopis, Desirée, Thibault Le Pape, Céline Manetta, and Laurence Conty. "Sensory Cueing of Autobiographical Memories in Normal Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comparison Between Visual, Auditory, and Olfactory Information." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 80, no. 3 (April 6, 2021): 1169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-200841.
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Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative disease resulting in a progressive decline of autobiographical memories (AMs) which favors the development of psycho-behavioral disorders. One of the most popular psychosocial interventions in dementia care, Reminiscence Therapy, commonly uses sensory cueing to stimulate AMs retrieval. However, few empirical studies have investigated the impact of sensory stimulation on AMs retrieval in AD. Objective: Our goal was to determine the most relevant cue for AMs retrieval in patients with early to mild AD when comparing odors, sounds and pictures. Methods: Sixty AD patients, 60 healthy older adults (OA), and 60 healthy young adults (YA) participated in our study. Participants were presented with either 4 odors, 4 sounds, or 4 pictures. For each stimulus, they were asked to retrieve a personal memory, to rate it across 3 dimensions (emotionality, vividness, rarity) and then to date it. Results: Overall, results showed no clear dominance of one sensory modality over the others in evoking higher-quality AMs. However, they show that using pictures is the better way to stimulate AD patients’ AM, as it helps to retrieve a higher number of memories that are also less frequently retrieved, followed by odors. By contrast, auditory cueing with environmental sounds presented no true advantage. Conclusion: Our data should help dementia care professionals to increase the efficiency of Reminiscence Therapy using sensory elicitors. Other clinical implications and future directions are also discussed.
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Rosen, Harold. "Autobiographical Memory." Changing English 3, no. 1 (March 1996): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1358684960030103.
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de Medeiros, Kate, and Pamela Saunders. "STORIES FROM THE INSIDE OF DEMENTIA: CONSTRUCTING IDENTITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS THROUGH THE DISCOURSE OF EXPERIENCE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1221.
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Abstract Dementia is often characterized as a time of decline and loss. The grand narrative (i.e., the biomedical narrative) of dementia describes it as a time of meaninglessness given the inevitable loss of memory and language, fraught with difficulties recognizing familiar faces, recalling autobiographical events, and orienting to time and place. This unfortunate depiction negatively positions people living with dementia as living a ‘social death’ and overlooks the potential of forming meaningful relationships and experiencing a sense of community. Elements often overlooked can be found in the careful reading and analysis of individual interactions that make up constructions of identity, relationships, and community. In this symposium, we draw data from the “Friendship Study,” a 6-month ethnographic study on the social environments of people living with dementia in long-term care to consider meaning-making in dementia through three perspectives: phenomenological, gerontological, and discursive. The first paper considers the phenomenology of friendship, moving away from linear narratives to look at micro-constructions of identity. The second considers the co-construction of friendship through discursive elements found in conversational interactions. The third challenges staff’s construction of residents, highlighting how negative assumptions about resident capabilities can affect personal relationships and the social environment.
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Smorti, Andrea. "Autobiographical memory and autobiographical narrative." Narrative Inquiry 21, no. 2 (December 31, 2011): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.21.2.08smo.
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In this contribution I discuss the link existing between autobiographical memory and autobiographical narrative and, in this context, the concept of coherence. Starting from the Bruner’s seminal concept of autobiographical self, I firstly analyze how autobiographical memories and autobiographical narrative influence each other and, somehow, mirror reciprocally and then I present some results of my previous studies using a methodology consisting in “narrating-transcribing-reading-narrating.” The results show that self narratives can have positive effects on the narrators if they are provided with a tool to reflect on their memories. Moreover these results show that autobiography in its double sides — that of memory and that of narrative — is a process of continuous construction but also that this construction is deeply linked to social interactions.
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Maguire, Eleanor A. "Neuroimaging studies of autobiographical event memory." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1413 (September 29, 2001): 1441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0944.
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Commonalities and differences in findings across neuroimaging studies of autobiographical event memory are reviewed. In general terms, the overall pattern across studies is of medial and left–lateralized activations associated with retrieval of autobiographical event memories. It seems that the medial frontal cortex and left hippocampus in particular are responsive to such memories. However, there are also inconsistencies across studies, for example in the activation of the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. It is likely that methodological differences between studies contribute to the disparate findings. Quantifying and assessing autobiographical event memories presents a challenge in many domains, including neuroimaging. Methodological factors that may be pertinent to the interpretation of the neuroimaging data and the design of future experiments are discussed. Consideration is also given to aspects of memory that functional neuroimaging might be uniquely disposed to examine. These include assessing the functionality of damaged tissue in patients and the estimation of inter–regional communication (effective connectivity) between relevant brain regions.
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Burdock, Maureen. "Compassionate Comics." ALTERNATIVE FRANCOPHONE 3, no. 1 (November 23, 2022): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/af29446.
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The 2015 publication of Nick Sousanis’s graphic dissertation, Unflattening, opened doors for artist-scholars who challenge conventional research methodologies by producing graphic dissertations, graphic research, and comics-based publications in academic, scientific, and medical journals. Unflattening came out one year after I began a PhD program in cultural studies at the University of California, Davis, with a proposed graphic dissertation of my own. In this essay, I will discuss how my intended project, a graphic narrative about my maternal grandmother and her experiences of the Second World War in Germany, became a graphic memoir—an intersectional feminist Bildungsroman that explores themes of transgenerational memory, displacement, and childhood sexual abuse. As an astute scholar in my cohort put it, “You’ve found a new way of ‘doing’ psychology and history.” How is the very particular kind of subjectivity, a seeing from the ground up, or from a “snail’s eye view,” engendered by the comics form, useful for contemporary decolonial scholarship? In addition to writing about my graphic memoir, Queen of Snails (forthcoming by Graphic Mundi, an imprint of Penn State University Press in 2022), I will interview Kay Sohini, a PhD candidate at Stonybrook, about Unbelonging, her graphic dissertation in progress, Helen Blejerman (Lulu La Sensationelle, Presque Lune Editions, 2014), and Sarah Lightman (Book of Sarah, Myriad Press and Penn State University Press, 2021). How has the process of creating their graphic narratives changed their approaches to research? What have they learned by employing drawing and writing in crafting works that include autobiographical elements? How might some of these processes be useful to scholars seeking to unpack intersectional issues of transgenerational trauma, misogyny, and racism?
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Wachowska, Katarzyna, Kinga Bobińska, Piotr Gaƚecki, and Monika Talarowska. "Autobiographical Memory in Depression—A Case Study." Open Journal of Depression 05, no. 01 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2016.51001.
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White, Richard. "Naturalistic studies of long‐term autobiographical memory." Applied Cognitive Psychology 35, no. 6 (November 2021): 1641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.3891.
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Harley, Keryn, and Elaine Reese. "Origins of autobiographical memory." Developmental Psychology 35, no. 5 (1999): 1338–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.35.5.1338.
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Repetto, C., R. Manenti, V. Sansone, M. Cotelli, D. Perani, V. Garibotto, O. Zanetti, G. Meola, and C. Miniussi. "Persistent Autobiographical Amnesia: A Case Report." Behavioural Neurology 18, no. 1 (2007): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/534043.
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We describe a 47-year-old man who referred to the Emergency Department for sudden global amnesia and left mild motor impairment in the setting of increased arterial blood pressure. The acute episode resolved within 24 hours. Despite general recovery and the apparent transitory nature of the event, a persistent selective impairment in recollecting events from some specific topics of his personal life became apparent. Complete neuropsychological tests one week after the acute onset and 2 months later demonstrated a clear retrograde memory deficit contrasting with the preservation of anterograde memory and learning abilities. One year later, the autobiographic memory deficit was unmodified, except for what had been re-learnt. Brain MRI was normal while H20 brain PET scans demonstrated hypometabolism in the right globus pallidus and putamen after 2 weeks from onset, which was no longer present one year later. The absence of a clear pathomechanism underlying focal amnesia lead us to consider this case as an example of functional retrograde amnesia.
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McKinnon, Margaret C., Elena I. Nica, Pheth Sengdy, Natasa Kovacevic, Morris Moscovitch, Morris Freedman, Bruce L. Miller, Sandra E. Black, and Brian Levine. "Autobiographical Memory and Patterns of Brain Atrophy in Fronto-temporal Lobar Degeneration." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, no. 10 (October 2008): 1839–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20126.
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Autobiographical memory paradigms have been increasingly used to study the behavioral and neuroanatomical correlates of human remote memory. Although there are numerous functional neuroimaging studies on this topic, relatively few studies of patient samples exist, with heterogeneity of results owing to methodological variability. In this study, fronto-temporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), a form of dementia affecting regions crucial to autobiographical memory, was used as a model of autobiographical memory loss. We emphasized the separation of episodic (recollection of specific event, perceptual, and mental state information) from semantic (factual information unspecific in time and place) autobiographical memory, derived from a reliable method for scoring transcribed autobiographical protocols, the Autobiographical Interview [Levine, B., Svoboda, E., Hay, J., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. Aging and autobiographical memory: Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychology and Aging, 17, 677–689, 2002]. Patients with the fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and mixed fronto-temporal and semantic dementia (FTD/SD) variants of FTLD were impaired at reconstructing episodically rich autobiographical memories across the lifespan, with FTD/SD patients generating an excess of generic semantic autobiographical information. Patients with progressive nonfluent aphasia were mildly impaired for episodic autobiographical memory, but this impairment was eliminated with the provision of structured cueing, likely reflecting relatively intact medial-temporal lobe function, whereas the same cueing failed to bolster the FTD and FTD/SD patients' performance relative to that of matched comparison subjects. The pattern of episodic, but not semantic, autobiographical impairment was enhanced with disease progression on 1- to 2-year follow-up testing in a subset of patients, supplementing the cross-sectional evidence for specificity of episodic autobiographical impairment with longitudinal data. This behavioral pattern covaried with volume loss in a distributed left-lateralized posterior network centered on the temporal lobe, consistent with evidence from other patient and functional neuroimaging studies of autobiographical memory. Frontal lobe volumes, however, did not significantly contribute to this network, suggesting that frontal contributions to autobiographical episodic memory may be more complex than previously appreciated.
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Willander, Johan, and Maria Larsson. "Olfaction and emotion: The case of autobiographical memory." Memory & Cognition 35, no. 7 (October 2007): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03193499.
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Bahna, Vladimír. "Memorates and memory. Reevaluation of Lauri Honko’s theory." Temenos - Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion 51, no. 1 (June 8, 2015): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33356/temenos.8783.
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This paper deals with the phenomena where culture and society influence the content of personal experiences. It confronts psychological knowledge about autobiographical memory and folkloristic theories associated with the concept of memorate – a personal experience narrative which is build upon a supernatural belief. Autobiographical memory is not a vessel in which static information is deposited and later recalled; rather it is a dynamic process of repeated construction and reconstruction of memories, which is subject to many internal and external influences. Ideas and concepts, widespread in society, dreams and beliefs, stories and experiences of others, can be, and often are incorporated into autobiographical memories. Similarly folklorists found out that memorates (personal experience narratives) often consist of traditional elements. The author of this paper argues that the theory of Lauri Honko regarding the formation and transmission of memorates (1964) largely coheres with psychological knowledge about autobiographical memory. This kind of social contagion of memory suggests a possibility for a specific form of cultural transmission of beliefs and concepts related to experiences.
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Schrauf, Robert W. "Bilingual Autobiographical Memory: Experimental Studies and Clinical Cases." Culture & Psychology 6, no. 4 (December 2000): 387–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x0064001.
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Hashimoto, Junya, Noriaki Kanayama, Makoto Miyatani, and Takashi Nakao. "The Mood Repair Effect of Positive Involuntary Autobiographical Memory Among Japanese Adults: An Experimental Study." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221093357.
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Involuntary autobiographical memories are memories of personal events that come to mind without an intentional attempt at retrieval. Previous studies have shown that positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval improves negative mood, known as the mood repair effect, in daily life. However, the cues relating to involuntary autobiographical memories were not controlled in these previous studies, and the mood repair effect has not been shown experimentally. Therefore, this study aimed to experimentally examine the mood repair effect of positive involuntary autobiographical memory among Japanese adults. After a pilot study to select cue words, we examined whether positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval could improve negative mood. As a result, mood improvement was enhanced by positive memory being recalled involuntarily, while mood improvement was shown with and without the retrieval of the positive involuntary autobiographical memory. Therefore, the mood repair effect by positive IAM was shown even after preventing the influence of the emotional valence of retrieval cues. From these results, the mood repair effect of positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval was experimentally demonstrated among Japanese adults.
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Hashimoto, Junya, Noriaki Kanayama, Makoto Miyatani, and Takashi Nakao. "The Mood Repair Effect of Positive Involuntary Autobiographical Memory Among Japanese Adults: An Experimental Study." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221093357.
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Involuntary autobiographical memories are memories of personal events that come to mind without an intentional attempt at retrieval. Previous studies have shown that positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval improves negative mood, known as the mood repair effect, in daily life. However, the cues relating to involuntary autobiographical memories were not controlled in these previous studies, and the mood repair effect has not been shown experimentally. Therefore, this study aimed to experimentally examine the mood repair effect of positive involuntary autobiographical memory among Japanese adults. After a pilot study to select cue words, we examined whether positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval could improve negative mood. As a result, mood improvement was enhanced by positive memory being recalled involuntarily, while mood improvement was shown with and without the retrieval of the positive involuntary autobiographical memory. Therefore, the mood repair effect by positive IAM was shown even after preventing the influence of the emotional valence of retrieval cues. From these results, the mood repair effect of positive involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval was experimentally demonstrated among Japanese adults.
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PAUL, ROBERT H., CARLOS R. BLANCO, KAREN A. HAMES, and WILLIAM W. BEATTY. "Autobiographical memory in multiple sclerosis." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 3, no. 3 (May 1997): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617797002464.
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Studies have consistently found that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are impaired on tests of anterograde memory, but the status of remote memory in MS remains unclear. To better understand remote memory in MS we administered the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) to 44 MS patients and 19 normal controls matched for age, education, and gender. Additionally, a shortened version of the Famous Faces Test, a test of recall of past U.S. presidents, and a 14-word learning list were administered. Patients performed significantly lower than controls on the learning list and Famous Faces Test, but not on recall of past presidents. On the AMI, patients were significantly impaired on recall of semantic but not of episodic memories. These results indicate that MS patients exhibit retrograde amnesia that cannot be attributed to anterograde memory deficits or lack of exposure to task-relevant information. (JINS, 1997, 3, 246–251.)
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Ford, Lucy, Thomas B. Shaw, Jason B. Mattingley, and Gail A. Robinson. "Enhanced semantic memory in a case of highly superior autobiographical memory." Cortex 151 (June 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2022.02.007.
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Mair, Ali, Marie Poirier, and Martin A. Conway. "Age effects in autobiographical memory depend on the measure." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): e0259279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259279.
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Studies examining age effects in autobiographical memory have produced inconsistent results. This study examined whether a set of typical autobiographical memory measures produced equivalent results in a single participant sample. Five memory tests (everyday memory, autobiographical memory from the past year, autobiographical memory from age 11–17, word-cued autobiographical memory, and word-list recall) were administered in a single sample of young and older adults. There was significant variance in the tests’ sensitivity to age: word-cued autobiographical memory produced the largest deficit in older adults, similar in magnitude to word-list recall. In contrast, older adults performed comparatively well on the other measures. The pattern of findings was broadly consistent with the results of previous investigations, suggesting that (1) the results of the different AM tasks are reliable, and (2) variable age effects in the autobiographical memory literature are at least partly due to the use of different tasks, which cannot be considered interchangeable measures of autobiographical memory ability. The results are also consistent with recent work dissociating measures of specificity and detail in autobiographical memory, and suggest that specificity is particularly sensitive to ageing. In contrast, detail is less sensitive to ageing, but is influenced by retention interval and event type. The extent to which retention interval and event type interact with age remains unclear; further research using specially designed autobiographical memory tasks could resolve this issue.
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Leppänen, Katarina. "The Socialist New Woman Redux: Hella Wuolijoki’s Life Writing in the 1940s." European Journal of Life Writing 5 (December 28, 2016): GP9—GP23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.5.190.
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Abstract: Autobiography can be thought of as, among other things, a speech of defence. The Estonian-Finnish author Hella Wuolijoki started writing her autobiography in prison and it very much reads as a legitimization of her political life choices. The article investigates how Wuolijoki depicts her own politicization, and how she plays with different author names in order to destabilize a taken-for-granted author position. The material used is her three part autobiography/memoirs, in which she explicitly declares that she is less interested in the facts of her life, but rather wants to keep them in their original memory-form. This gives her the freedom to recount events she deems important for her self-formation, rather than events or general interest. Feminist and autobiographical theory is used as a tool to investigate how dislodging the authorial position can open new ways of emphasising a woman’s political development. Thus, the literary formation of a political and feminist persona can be studied through her works. In this article I relate Wuolijoki’s writing to a way of theorizing the position of the political woman that could be found in Alexandra Kollontai’s pamphlet on the socialist New Woman written in 1918. The article analyses how Wuolijoki legitimizes her political activities by recounting her life as always intricately connected to contemporary political events. The article shows that political autobiography is a concept that can open new perspectives on women’s life writing and that the construction of an autobiographical persona that combines the concepts of woman and political may rely, as in this case, on types or models found in literature rather than life. Swedish: Självbiografi kan ses som, bland annat, ett försvarstal. Den estnisk-finska författaren Hella Wuolijoki började skriva sin självbiografi i fängelset för att legitimera sina politiska livsval. Artikeln undersöker hur Wuolijoki skildrar sin egen politisering och hur hon leker med olika författarnamn för att destabilisera en förgivet tagen författarposition. Det analyserade materialet utgörs av hennes självbiografi/memoarer i tre band i vilka hon explicit deklarerar att hon är mindre intresserad av fakta och snarare vill behålla händelserna så som hon minns dem. Detta ger henne friheten att behandla skeenden som hon anser viktiga för sin egen formering snarare än sådant som kan vara av allmänintresse. Feministisk och självbiografisk teori används som ett verktyg för att undersöka hur förskjutningen av författarens ställning kan öppna nya sätt att betona en kvinnas politiska utveckling. I artikeln jämför jag Wuolijokis skrivande med Alexandra Kollontajs sätt att teoretisera den nya kvinnan i pamfletten den socialistiska Nya Kvinnan från 1918. Artikeln analyserar hur Wuolijoki legitimerar sina politiska aktiviteter genom att ständigt relatera till samtida politiska händelser. Artikeln visar att en läsning ur ett politiskt självbiografiskt perspektiv kan öppna för nya perspektiv för kvinnors life-writing och att konstruktionen av ett självbiografiskt persona som kombinerar begreppen kvinna och politik, åtminståne i det här fallet, är beroende av typer och modeller som finns i skönlitteraturen snarare än livet.
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Li, Qi, and Taig Youn Cho. "Study on the Values of Regional Cultural Aesthetics Consciousness in Rural Architectural Design." Korea Institute of Design Research Society 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46248/kidrs.2022.3.93.
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Regional culture default has become a problem to be resolved in the study regarding the status quo of rural renewal architecture in China. It is widely known that regional culture plays a crucial part in terms of people’s wellbeing. For the moment, most of the studies on regional culture were made from the perspectives of humanities and sociology. Being fully aware of this problem, the values of regional culture were studied from a neuroaesthetic point of view. Firstly, the significance of memories in aesthetic perception model was confirmed in this study starting with the aesthetic perception model itself. Secondly, the related studies regarding autobiographical memory were analyzed. Positive emotions come from positive memories. Therefore, activating autobiographical memory is a resultful approach to obtain positive emotions compared with other approaches. As shown in the studies applying FRMI technology that positive autobiographical memory can activate the striatum in a prominent manner. Such activation of striatum means the activation of the brain reward mechanism. Therefore, the positive autobiographical memory is of great significance for arousing the aesthetic consciousness. At last, related elaborations were made on autobiographical memory and regional culture in this study. On account of the formation of autobiographical memory is greatly affected by regional culture. As a result, the perceptual results triggered by the architecture with regional culture are under the influence of the brain reward mechanism activated by the autobiographical memory. This was considered the source of aesthetic perception for the architecture with regional culture in this study. The aesthetic perception generated by the architecture with regional culture was expounded in this paper by means of the neuroaesthetic analysis method on the basis of autobiographical memory. Hoping to provide supportive evidence for the values of regional culture in architectural design.
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Bicakci, M., M. S. Köksal, and M. Baloğlu. "A Savant Case from Turkey: Cognitive Functions and Calendar Calculation." Клиническая и специальная психология 10, no. 1 (2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100101.
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The current study is the first detailed report on a savant case in Turkey. We collected data from a 25-year-old-male savant on attention span, short-term memory, working memory, autobiographical memory, overall intelligence, reading speed, text interpretation, and advanced calendar calculation. Data collection tools included the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (4th edition), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Stanford-Binet 5 Working Memory Test and Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices for assessing general intellectual functioning; the Verbal Short-Term Memory Test for assessing memory assessment; d2 for assessing attention; a structured reading text; family interview protocols; and an individual interview protocol. The savant has a composite intellectual level of 85 and was recently diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder when he was 25 years old. He evidenced limited attention span but excellent short-term memory, working memory, autobiographical memory and calendar calculation.
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Schacter, Daniel L., John F. Kihlstrom, Lucy C. Kihlstrom, and Michael B. Berren. "Autobiographical memory in a case of multiple personality disorder." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98, no. 4 (1989): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.98.4.508.
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GREENBERG, D., M. EACOTT, D. BRECHIN, and D. RUBIN. "Visual memory loss and autobiographical amnesia: a case study." Neuropsychologia 43, no. 10 (2005): 1493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.12.009.
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KENEALY, PAMELA M., J. GRAHAM BEAUMONT, TRACEY C. LINTERN, and RACHEL C. MURRELL. "Autobiographical memory in advanced multiple sclerosis: Assessment of episodic and personal semantic memory across three time spans." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 8, no. 6 (September 2002): 855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617702860143.
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In order to investigate the status of remote memory the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) was administered to 30 individuals with advanced multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to earlier studies which have shown only mild deficits in autobiographical memory in those with less physical progression of the disease, about two-thirds (60%) of the present MS sample had a deficit in autobiographical memory. The presence of such a deficit was not related to age, age of onset, duration of illness, or level of physical disability, but was related to level of general cognitive ability. Memory for episodic autobiographical incidents was more affected than for personal semantic information; a temporal gradient typical of some dementing conditions but not before demonstrated in MS, was also observed with memory for more recent events showing a significant decline. (JINS, 2002, 8, 855–860.)
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Conway, Martin A., Qi Wang, Kazunori Hanyu, and Shamsul Haque. "A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Autobiographical Memory." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 36, no. 6 (November 2005): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022105280512.
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Köhler, Cristiano A., André F. Carvalho, Gilberto S. Alves, Roger S. McIntyre, Thomas N. Hyphantis, and Martín Cammarota. "Autobiographical Memory Disturbances in Depression: A Novel Therapeutic Target?" Neural Plasticity 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/759139.
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by a dysfunctional processing of autobiographical memories. We review the following core domains of deficit: systematic biases favoring materials of negative emotional valence; diminished access and response to positive memories; a recollection of overgeneral memories in detriment of specific autobiographical memories; and the role of ruminative processes and avoidance when dealing with autobiographical memories. Furthermore, we review evidence from functional neuroimaging studies of neural circuits activated by the recollection of autobiographical memories in both healthy and depressive individuals. Disruptions in autobiographical memories predispose and portend onset and maintenance of depression. Thus, we discuss emerging therapeutics that target memory difficulties in those with depression. We review strategies for this clinical domain, including memory specificity training, method-of-loci, memory rescripting, and real-time fMRI neurofeedback training of amygdala activity in depression. We propose that the manipulation of the reconsolidation of autobiographical memories in depression might represent a novel yet largely unexplored, domain-specific, therapeutic opportunity for depression treatment.
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El Haj, Mohamad, Mohamed Daoudi, Karim Gallouj, Ahmed A. Moustafa, and Jean-Louis Nandrino. "When your face describes your memories: facial expressions during retrieval of autobiographical memories." Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, no. 8 (November 27, 2018): 861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2018-0001.
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Abstract Thanks to the current advances in the software analysis of facial expressions, there is a burgeoning interest in understanding emotional facial expressions observed during the retrieval of autobiographical memories. This review describes the research on facial expressions during autobiographical retrieval showing distinct emotional facial expressions according to the characteristics of retrieved memoires. More specifically, this research demonstrates that the retrieval of emotional memories can trigger corresponding emotional facial expressions (e.g. positive memories may trigger positive facial expressions). Also, this study demonstrates the variations of facial expressions according to specificity, self-relevance, or past versus future direction of memory construction. Besides linking research on facial expressions during autobiographical retrieval to cognitive and affective characteristics of autobiographical memory in general, this review positions this research within the broader context research on the physiologic characteristics of autobiographical retrieval. We also provide several perspectives for clinical studies to investigate facial expressions in populations with deficits in autobiographical memory (e.g. whether autobiographical overgenerality in neurologic and psychiatric populations may trigger few emotional facial expressions). In sum, this review paper demonstrates how the evaluation of facial expressions during autobiographical retrieval may help understand the functioning and dysfunctioning of autobiographical memory.
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Sánchez-Mateos Paniagua, Rafael. "Los destinos cruzados de la imposibilidad. Perspectivas de género en torno al Museo del Pueblo Español en compañía de Carmen Baroja y Nessi = The Crossed Destinies of Impossibility. Gendered Perspectives on the Museum of the Spanish People in the Company of Carmen Baroja y Nessi." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie VII, Historia del Arte, no. 8 (November 17, 2020): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfvii.8.2020.27418.
Full textAbstract:
Los museos y archivos de cultura tradicional popular conciernen intensamente a la memoria material de los trabajos reproductivos que sostienen la vida realizados por mujeres, pero también a los lazos intelectuales y profesionales que muchas de ellas, con relativa frecuencia, establecieron con el campo de la etnología y la etnografía y sus instituciones. En el marco de los estudios culturales, este artículo explora estos museos considerados menores, invisibles o irrelevantes para el presente, a menudo almacenados, dispersos y subalternizados, sino desaparecidos. Específicamente, se analiza el caso del malogrado Museo del Pueblo Español (1934-1993) y el papel que en él desempeñaron distintas mujeres, en especial Carmen Baroja y Nessi (1883-1950). Sus memorias autobiográficas invitan a explorar cómo una experiencia de modernidad y feminista puede vincularse a una sensibilidad interclasista en torno a la cultura popular tradicional de manera no esencialista o identitaria, sino material y vital. Un enfoque que puede ser inspirador a la hora de pensar alternativas al orden androcéntrico del mundo, útiles en el trabajo de imaginar, no solo un museo feminista, sino también una nueva sociedad. AbstractFolk museums and the archives of traditional culture are intensely related not only to the material memory of the reproductive and life-sustaining work carried out by women, but to the intellectual and professional links that many women quite often established both with ethnology and ethnography, and their respective institutions. Within the framework of cultural studies, this article addresses these minor and ‘ghost’ museums of folk culture, those either considered irrelevant to the present, or otherwise hidden away, dispersed, subalternized, and, ultimately, disappeared. Specifically, this study focuses on the case of the Museum of The Spanish People (1934-1993) and the women professionals who played a direct role in its curation, with special attention placed on the figure of Carmen Baroja y Nessi (1883-1950). Her autobiographical memoirs invite us to explore the question of how a modern and feminist experience can be linked to an interclassist sensitivity for traditional popular culture that is neither essentialist nor identity-based, but, rather, material and vitalistic: an approach which could inspire us to think of alternatives to the androcentric order of the world, and which remains useful for the work of imagining, not only a feminist museum, but a new society as well.
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Norrick, Neal R. "Remembering for narration and autobiographical memory." Language and Dialogue 2, no. 2 (August 13, 2012): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.2.2.02nor.
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This article proposes a notion of “remembering for narration” based on Slobin’s (1987) concept of “thinking for speaking” to circumvent issues of autobiographical memory and focus on narrative practices. It suggests that we recognize a special cognitive mode of remembering for narration, which involves selecting from episodic memory those details that fit some conceptualization of the event for present purposes, and are readily encodable in the language and narrative format chosen for the current context. It seeks to demonstrate the value of this perspective in considering constraints on remembering in the storytelling performance in various contexts such as getting one’s story straight with input from recipients, filling in gaps in memory and conjuring up details, developing a personal narrative through co-narration, and producing appropriate personal stories in response to previous stories by other participants, and thereby sheds light on narrative processes and their significance for autobiographical memory and identity construction.