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1
Brioni, Simone, and Shirin Ramzanali Fazel. Scrivere di Islam. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-411-0.
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Scrivere di Islam. Raccontare la diaspora (Writing About Islam. Narrating a Diaspora) is a meditation on our multireligious, multicultural, and multilingual reality. It is the result of a personal and collaborative exploration of the necessity to rethink national culture and identity in a more diverse, inclusive, and anti-racist way. The central part of this volume – both symbolically and physically – includes Shirin Ramzanali Fazel’s reflections on the discrimination of Muslims, and especially Muslim women, in Italy and the UK. Looking at school textbooks, newspapers, TV programs, and sharing her own personal experience, this section invites us to change the way Muslim immigrants are narrated in scholarly research and news reports. Most importantly, this section urges us to consider minorities not just as ‘topics’ of cultural analysis, but as audiences and cultural agents. Following Shirin’s invitation to question prevailing modes of representations of immigrants, the volume continues with a dialogue between the co-authors and discusses how collaboration can be a way to avoid reproducing a ‘colonial model’ of knowledge production, in which the white male scholar takes as object of analysis the work of an African female writer. The last chapter also asserts that immigration literature cannot be approached with the same expectations and questions readers would have when reading ‘canonised’ texts. A new critical terminology is needed in order to understand the innovative linguistic choices and narrative forms that immigrant writers have invented in order to describe a reality that has lacked representation or which has frequently been misrepresented, especially in the discourse around the contemporary Muslim diaspora.
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Bol'shunova, Sofiya, Ekaterina Voevodina, Vasiliy Dyagilev, Mihail Zelenkov, Dariya Kushnir, Aleksandr Ozerov, Aleksandra Proskurina, Yuliya Ten, Sergey Klyagin, and Aziza Yarasheva. Intercultural communication in the global world: modeling, efficiency, trust. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1895951.
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The monograph is a generalization of the results of fundamental and applied research carried out within the framework of research work on modeling intercultural communications and assessing trust in the socio-cultural, economic, political, educational spheres of society according to the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.
The main approaches to the conceptualization and development of methodological tools for modeling intercultural communication in the global world are substantiated and described, the author's developed activity-phenomenological concept and principles of modeling intercultural communication in the processes of global transformations of the XXI century are presented. The features of the global socio-cultural situation as a space of intercultural communication, including in the network space, are described, the models of minimizing barriers in intercultural communication are described. communications.
Special attention is paid to modeling and evaluating the effectiveness of intercultural communications in various spheres of society: socio-cultural, socio-economic, political and educational.
It can be used by teachers, students and postgraduates in the educational process and when writing creative works on this topic.
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Balackiy, Evgeniy, Natal'ya Ekimova, Aleksandr Rudnev, and Aleksandr Gusev. New approaches to modeling economic development. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1862597.
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The monograph presents new results of the authors' long-term research on various topical issues of economic development. All the proposed new approaches are given in the broad context of already existing theories and models, as well as illustrated by numerous vivid examples from the history of different countries. Most of the topics covered belong to the category of the most burning social issues of our time, which gives the work an element of scientific "freshness" and discussion. All the fundamental theses are accompanied by the necessary models, equations, formulas, graphs and figures, but in general the material is not overloaded with technical details, which makes it quite accessible to any interested reader.
The peculiarity of the monograph is that all its sections are based on the "paradox principle", the essence of which is to formulate the original problem in the most acute form, taking the form of a logical paradox. The range of topics under consideration covers the history of mankind from antiquity to the modern state. For example, why did humanity, which had been vegetating in the Malthusian trap for 10 thousand years, break out of it at the turn of the XVII and XVIII centuries? What is needed so that the economic growth that has begun does not "choke" in a short time and does not degenerate again into prolonged stagnation? How are economic growth and return on capital related? How are income inequality and the country's investment activity related? How to measure and in practice link the dialectical properties of institutions that presuppose order and freedom? Is it possible to diagnose "failures" in the regulatory activities of central banks? How to explain the transcendent technological creativity of Russian researchers and engineers with Russia's systematic technological lag behind Western countries? Does Russia have a chance to join the club of the most developed and prosperous countries in the world and what is needed for this? And much, much more.
It is addressed to both professional specialists and everyone interested in modern problems of human development.
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Lei, Yuan. Mechanical Ventilation Modes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784975.003.0008.
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‘Mechanical Ventilation Modes’ seeks to shed light on this hotly debated topic, one that is complicated by ventilator manufacturers’ non-standardized terminology. The chapter looks at conventional modes, adaptive modes, and biphasic modes, which it classifies based on the mechanical breath types in each mode. It includes a comparison chart of the terminology used for common modes on popular IPPV ventilators. Using their signature waveforms, the author describes the assist/control, SIMV, and pressure support ventilation or PSV modes. It defines the modes by their application of spontaneous breaths and mandatory breaths. It continues with a discussion of adaptive modes and biphasic modes. It ends by discussing how to select the appropriate ventilation mode.
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Pratt, Michael W., and M. Kyle Matsuba. Peer and Romantic Relationships in Emerging Adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199934263.003.0008.
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Chapter 8 focuses on the development of peer and romantic relationships. The authors draw on Erikson’s theory as focused around the key period of intimacy development in emerging adulthood, and also discuss attachment theory models on this topic. They review the longitudinal research evidence on links between the three components of personality in the McAdams and Pals model and intimacy development. Turning to the evidence from our Futures Study sample, the authors analyze stories told at ages 26 and 32 about friends and about romantic partners, and how these two domains of relationships are linked with personality development. Finally, to illustrate key topics, the chapter ends with a case study on the complex and stressful romantic relationship of an iconic Canadian political couple from the 1970s, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and his emerging adult-aged wife, Margaret Sinclair.
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Chen, Ruey-Lin. Experimental Individuation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636814.003.0009.
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This chapter examines the problem of individuation from the perspective of experimental practices. In previous work, the author suggests a conception of experimental individuality (defined by separability, manipulability, and maintainability of structural unity) extracted from experimental individuation whose process and conditions in turn are the topic of this chapter. The author identifies the creation of individuals in experimenting as the ontological mode of experimental individuation and the presentation of individuals as the epistemological mode. Three experimental cases (the creation of Bose-Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates and the presentation of individual genes) are examined to explain the two modes. The author argues that effective experimental mechanisms and operative conditions for maintaining the structural unity of experimented entities when those entities are separated and manipulated occur in both modes of experimental individuation.
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Jockers, Matthew L. Theme. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037528.003.0008.
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This chapter demonstrates how big data and computation can be used to identify and track recurrent themes as the products of external influence. It first considers the limitations of the Google Ngram Viewer as a tool for tracing thematic trends over time before turning to Douglas Biber's Corpus Linguistics: Investigating Language Structure and Use, a primer on various factors complicating word-focused text analysis and the subsequent conclusions one might draw regarding word meanings. It then discusses the results of the author's application of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to a corpus of 3,346 nineteenth-century novels using the open-source MALLET (MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit), a software package for topic modeling. It also explains the different types of analyses performed by the author, including text segmentation, word chunking, and author nationality, gender and time-themes relationship analyses. The thematic data from the LDA model reveal the degree to which author nationality, author gender, and date of publication could be predicted by the thematic signals expressed in the nineteenth-century novels corpus.
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Kleege, Georgina. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604356.003.0001.
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The introduction gives an overview of the book as a whole with a summary of all the chapters. The author positions herself in relation to the topic as the blind daughter of two visual artists, therefore both a potential consumer of museum access programs, while simultaneously critical of their shortcomings. She observes that museum access programs typically seem designed either for blind children or else for blind adults who have led such isolated lives that they are unfamiliar with terms associated with vision and visual art. The author also speculates on how this study of one minority—blind and visually impaired people—and one cultural site—the art museum—could serve as a model for future inquiry.
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Rosik, Piotr. Świat dostępności - metody i komponenty : przykłady analiz empirycznych przestrzeni Polski = The world of accessibility : methods and components : cases of emprical analyses in Poland's space. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/9788361590767.
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Accessibility has many facets. This study focuses on accessibility involving people’s travel, or to be more precise, on the ability to cover the distance from point A (origin) to point B (destination). Accessibility thus defined has its: (1) components (i.e. transport, land-use, individual and temporal components), (2) dimensions (i.e. travel origin and destination, distance decay, restrictions, barriers, mode of transport, extent of study area, socioeconomic and territorial cohesion, and dynamics) and (3) attributes (i.e. affordability, availability, nodal accessibility, and acceptability). The components, dimensions and attributes combine to form the world of accessibility. After having been a subject of academic writing for decades, that world has finally received its own comprehensive volume by Polish author. The book covers its topic in seven chapters. It begins with an introduction, which lays down the objectives and structure of the study and is followed by a chapter covering the definition of accessibility. Chapter 3 is devoted to the methodology of accessibility research. The fourth and longest chapter offers a review of the most important areas of the world of accessibility built around the four components and the dimensions of accessibility. Chapter 5 focuses on the attributes of accessibility, transport exclusion and access equality. Chapter 6 presents the basics of the authors’ own new model of four accessibility factors (network, spatial, travel and individual) developed in the form of a NeST box model. The volume ends with a review of the major threads and considerations of accessibility research in the immediate future, namely: (1) Big Data; (2) distance decay; (3) external spatial effects; (4) sensitivity, criticality and exposure; (5) development of new forms of transport; (6) affordability and equality; (7) long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic; (8) comparative analyses and evaluation using accessibility indices.
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Ion, Amalia-Elena. Management models for public policy readjustment within the EU inland freight transport industry. Editura Universitara, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5682/9786062813420.
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The research presented in this book is related to the public policy perspectives and decision making processes and mechanisms related to the freight transport sector of the EU economy. The reasoning behind the topic selection stems from personal knowledge and experience of the author, which, in turn, determined the unfolding of the main research direction, namely to present the observed problems and solutions across the legislation regarding the road, rail, and inland waterways subsectors of the freight transport in the EU 27. After the initial assessment of the public policies affecting each subsector though the individual consideration of management, financial, and human capital solutions and gaps proposed or determined by the enforced legislation, the research forwarded a management model for public policy readjustment, by approaching the dilemma from the perspective of business management, general context, and innovation and technology – key dimensions influencing the development and good conduct of the freight transport sector.
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Stumpp, Stefan, Daniel Michelis, and Thomas Schildhauer, eds. Social Media Handbuch. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748907466.
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The Social Media Handbook provides guidance on long-term developments in the ever-changing social media sector and explains fundamental interrelationships in this field. It describes a strategy model for the development of one’s own solutions, summarises the theories, methods and models of leading authors and shows their practical application, while also highlighting current developments and dealing with the topic of data processing in social media. An examination of the platform economy with its economic functions facilitates the classification of business models in social media. The book also shows how platforms and their algorithms can influence our actions and shape our opinions. With contributions by Prof. Karin Bjerregaard Schlüter, Andrea Braun, Franziska Geue, Tobias Knopf, Markus Korbien, Prof. Dr. Daniel Michelis, Stefan Pfaff, Thanh H. Pham, Tom Reichstein, Prof. Dr. Anna Riedel, Michael Sarbacher, Prof. Dr. Dr. Thomas Schildhauer, Prof. Dr. Hendrik Send, Dr. Stefan Stumpp, Prof. Dr. Sebastian Volkmann, Jan-Benedikt Weber, Julia Weißhaupt, Norman Wiebach und Prof. Dr. Christian Wissing.
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Racy, A. J. Musical Improvisation. Edited by Benjamin Piekut and George E. Lewis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199892921.013.23.
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This chapter studies musical improvisation from the perspective of a performing musician and ethnomusicologist. Informed by personal experience and theory, the author explores improvisation in terms of two broadly conceived yet closely interconnected realms, musical artistry and cultural interpretation. Examples from different world contexts are presented with emphasis on the author’s area of expertise, especially the Arab World, Turkey, and Iran. Topics addressed include musical mode, emotion, ecstasy, and the cultural values and meanings attached to improvisatory practice. Cross-cultural musical fusions are closely studied. Through analysis of specific performance events, this research highlights the symbolic, social, political, and ideological meanings as well as the improvisatory artistry.
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Gould, D. Rae, Holly Herbster, Heather Law Pezzarossi, and Stephen A. Mrozowski. Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066219.001.0001.
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This multi-authored case study of three Nipmuc sites is an introductory archaeology text that includes a tribal member as one of the scholars. Collaboration between the authors over two decades is a key theme in the book, serving as a model for a primary topic of the book. Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration engages young scholars in archaeology and Native American history, teaching them about respecting and including indigenous knowledge and perspectives on colonization and indigenous identity. A key asset is access by indigenous peoples whose past is explored in this book. The case study offers an arena in which Nipmuc history continues to unfold, from the pre-Contact period up to the present, and stresses the strong relationships between Nipmuc people of the past and present to their land and related social and political conflicts over time. A double narrative approach (the authors sharing their experiences while exploring the stories of individuals from the past whose voices emerge through their work) explores key issues of continuity, commonality, authenticity and identity many Native people have confronted today and in the past. As a model of collaborative archaeology, the relationships that developed between the authors stress the critical role personal relationships play in the development and growth of scholarly collaborations. Beyond being “engaged,” indigenous peoples need to be integral to any research focused on their history and culture. Although not entirely a new concept, this book demonstrates how collaboration can move beyond engagement and consultation to true incorporation of indigenous knowledge and scholarship.
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Pratt, Michael W., and M. Kyle Matsuba. Religious and Spiritual Development in Emerging Adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199934263.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 is the first of a series of seven chapters on particular topics/domains of everyday life. It focuses on the development of religion and spirituality, and explores the complex similarities and differences between these two related but distinct topics. The authors briefly overview these questions and then trace the literature on the relations between the three levels of personality development in the McAdams and Pals model and both religion and spirituality in emerging adulthood. Both quantitative and narrative analyses on these topics in the Futures Study are then presented, drawing on illustrative cases from the study. As a way of illustrating the key concepts from this religion chapter, the authors end with a case study of a contemporary religious icon, Pope Francis, focusing on personality development in his emerging adulthood.
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Spencer, Maureen, and John Spencer. 1. Exam skills for success in evidence. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198715795.003.0001.
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The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, bullet-pointed answer plans and suggested answers, author commentary and illustrative diagrams and flow charts. This book is a supplementary aid to coursework preparation and particularly to revision for examinations and coursework. It does not present model answers to be slavishly imitated but, rather, examples to help the student understand the topic and see how it might be approached. The examinee’s objective is to accumulate in the time allowed as many marks as possible, a goal that needs to be broken down into three stages: namely, planning, execution and review. These days law examinations can take different forms, including seen questions, open book exams and so on. To take account of this, the book includes essay answers that are closer to more fully researched pieces than to the answers in a traditional unseen examination.
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Ślusarski, Marek. Metody i modele oceny jakości danych przestrzennych. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-30-4.
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The quality of data collected in official spatial databases is crucial in making strategic decisions as well as in the implementation of planning and design works. Awareness of the level of the quality of these data is also important for individual users of official spatial data. The author presents methods and models of description and evaluation of the quality of spatial data collected in public registers. Data describing the space in the highest degree of detail, which are collected in three databases: land and buildings registry (EGiB), geodetic registry of the land infrastructure network (GESUT) and in database of topographic objects (BDOT500) were analyzed. The results of the research concerned selected aspects of activities in terms of the spatial data quality. These activities include: the assessment of the accuracy of data collected in official spatial databases; determination of the uncertainty of the area of registry parcels, analysis of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network due to the quality of spatial data, construction of the quality model of data collected in official databases and visualization of the phenomenon of uncertainty in spatial data. The evaluation of the accuracy of data collected in official, large-scale spatial databases was based on a representative sample of data. The test sample was a set of deviations of coordinates with three variables dX, dY and Dl – deviations from the X and Y coordinates and the length of the point offset vector of the test sample in relation to its position recognized as a faultless. The compatibility of empirical data accuracy distributions with models (theoretical distributions of random variables) was investigated and also the accuracy of the spatial data has been assessed by means of the methods resistant to the outliers. In the process of determination of the accuracy of spatial data collected in public registers, the author’s solution was used – resistant method of the relative frequency. Weight functions, which modify (to varying degree) the sizes of the vectors Dl – the lengths of the points offset vector of the test sample in relation to their position recognized as a faultless were proposed. From the scope of the uncertainty of estimation of the area of registry parcels the impact of the errors of the geodetic network points was determined (points of reference and of the higher class networks) and the effect of the correlation between the coordinates of the same point on the accuracy of the determined plot area. The scope of the correction was determined (in EGiB database) of the plots area, calculated on the basis of re-measurements, performed using equivalent techniques (in terms of accuracy). The analysis of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network due to the low quality of spatial data is another research topic presented in the paper. Three main factors have been identified that influence the value of this risk: incompleteness of spatial data sets and insufficient accuracy of determination of the horizontal and vertical position of underground infrastructure. A method for estimation of the project risk has been developed (quantitative and qualitative) and the author’s risk estimation technique, based on the idea of fuzzy logic was proposed. Maps (2D and 3D) of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network were developed in the form of large-scale thematic maps, presenting the design risk in qualitative and quantitative form. The data quality model is a set of rules used to describe the quality of these data sets. The model that has been proposed defines a standardized approach for assessing and reporting the quality of EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 spatial data bases. Quantitative and qualitative rules (automatic, office and field) of data sets control were defined. The minimum sample size and the number of eligible nonconformities in random samples were determined. The data quality elements were described using the following descriptors: range, measure, result, and type and unit of value. Data quality studies were performed according to the users needs. The values of impact weights were determined by the hierarchical analytical process method (AHP). The harmonization of conceptual models of EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 databases with BDOT10k database was analysed too. It was found that the downloading and supplying of the information in BDOT10k creation and update processes from the analyzed registers are limited. An effective approach to providing spatial data sets users with information concerning data uncertainty are cartographic visualization techniques. Based on the author’s own experience and research works on the quality of official spatial database data examination, the set of methods for visualization of the uncertainty of data bases EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 was defined. This set includes visualization techniques designed to present three types of uncertainty: location, attribute values and time. Uncertainty of the position was defined (for surface, line, and point objects) using several (three to five) visual variables. Uncertainty of attribute values and time uncertainty, describing (for example) completeness or timeliness of sets, are presented by means of three graphical variables. The research problems presented in the paper are of cognitive and application importance. They indicate on the possibility of effective evaluation of the quality of spatial data collected in public registers and may be an important element of the expert system.
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Judge, Abigail M., and Robin M. Deutsch, eds. Overcoming Parent-Child Contact Problems. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190235208.001.0001.
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This book focuses on family-based interventions for the continuum of parent–child problems, including affinity, alignment, justified rejection, alienation, and hybrid cases. Reintegration therapy is often recommended for families with these dynamics, but relatively limited clinical writing and virtually no program evaluation data exist to inform the selection of interventions. This book helps fill this gap. In Part I, the authors review a range of topics related to this specialized area of practice: assessment and clinical decision-making, the state of research evidence for outpatient treatment, and special clinical topics such as the management of countertransference among professional teams and the use of experiential therapies to overcome treatment resistance. Part II highlights one whole-family, psychoeducational approach to parent–child contact problems known as the Overcoming Barriers approach. Founders of this program and affiliated clinicians explicate components of this model in chapters on its therapeutic milieu; psychoeducational groups for rejected parents, favored parents, and children; and coparenting and parent–child interventions. The translation of model components to outpatient practice is also discussed, and program evaluation data are presented. Authors emphasize the evolving nature of this one approach, including areas of overlap with other family interventions, and highlight lessons learned from this innovative program.
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Pratt, Michael W., and M. Kyle Matsuba. Civic Engagement and Environmentalism in Emerging Adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199934263.003.0009.
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Chapter 9 focuses on contexts of positive engagement in the domain of the wider society among emerging adults. The authors examine the growing research literature on civic engagement and volunteering, covering patterns of development and change during emerging to young adulthood, describing how this development is linked to the three personality levels of the McAdams and Pals model. They also describe work on one salient contemporary type of civic engagement, environmentalism, and review what is known on this particular topic in youth. The authors cover the evidence on both of these domains from their Futures Study sample, using both questionnaire and narrative material to expand these findings. As a way of illuminating the key points, the chapter ends with a case study of the early life story of John Muir, an important founder of the environmental and conservation movement in the United States.
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Wartenberg, Alan A. Providing Integrated Care for Pain and Addiction (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265366.003.0005.
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The central premise of this chapter on providing integrated care for both pain and addiction is that all patients presenting with pain are at risk for development of substance use disorders. Assessment and treatment of the complex interplay between pain syndromes and substance use disorders proceed most productively by employing an integrated model, with a multidisciplinary approach and with employment of multiple diagnostic instruments. The author describes an integrated care model as it applies to each of the common substances of use: opioids, tobacco, alcohol, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, barbiturates, and stimulants. The basis for a decision to refer for evaluation or treatment is described. The chapter concludes with an argument for collaboration between disciplines, notably pain medicine and addiction medicine, as being the current standard of acceptable care for patients whose illnesses dwell in both camps. A separate text box provides additional information and resources bearing on this chapter’s topics.
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Davenport, Christian, Erik Melander, and Patrick Regan. The Peace Continuum. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680121.001.0001.
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The idea of studying peace—rather than studying war, genocide, and political violence and then inferring about peace—has gained considerable traction in the past few years, after languishing in the shadows of conflict studies for decades. But how should peace be studied? The book offers a parallax view of how we think about peace and the complexities that surround the concept—that is, the book explores the topic from different positions at the same time. Toward this end, the authors review existing literature and provide insights into how peace should be conceptualized—particularly as something more than the absence of conflict. They provide an approach that can help scholars overcome what the authors see as the initial shock of unpacking the “zero” in the war–peace model of conflict studies. Additionally, they provide a framework for understanding how peace and conflict have and have not been related to one another in the literature. Finally, they put forward three alternative ways that peace can be studied, thereby avoiding any attempt to control the emerging peace research agenda and, rather, assisting in and encouraging thinking about a topic we all have some opinions on but that has yet to be measured and analyzed in a way comparable to that of political conflict and violence.
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Kwame Harrison, Anthony. Research Design. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199371785.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 demystifies practices of ethnographic research by discussing the balance between structure and serendipity surrounding its design. The author pursues this in two ways: first, by discussing the dynamic mode of structured improvisation through which ethnographers perform their research and, second, by introducing a framework for ethnographic decision-making—based on the concept of social science sampling—which highlights many of the major considerations affecting the research choices ethnographers make. Through this discussion, the author illustrates the complementary strategic and improvisational imperatives that in-the-field ethnographers embody. The second part of the chapter is organized around several key phases of the research process including (a) the choice of a research topic; (b) decisions regarding research settings; (c) aspects of data collection—including expanding on the first chapter’s discussions of positionality, fieldnote writing, and interviewing; and (d) techniques and sensibilities through which researchers analyze their data.
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Glăveanu, Vlad Petre, and Tania Zittoun. The Future of Imagination in Sociocultural Research. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190468712.003.0016.
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In this final chapter, the authors first highlight the main contributions of the Handbook and show how these help us ground imagination research within the sociocultural tradition. On this basis, several new topics and questions emerging from this unique collection of chapters are identified, issues that require further study and conceptual integration. These new concerns are then used to complement the authors’ initial framework—the loop model—and expand it into a more integrative, cultural perspective on the imagination using the metaphor of ‘trails of the imagination’. Finally, this final chapter reconnects the emerging field of imagination as sociocultural phenomenon with other key themes in ways that place it firmly on the research agenda of scholars and practitioners interested in the relation between mind and culture.
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Koch, Christof. Biophysics of Computation. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195104912.001.0001.
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Neural network research often builds on the fiction that neurons are simple linear threshold units, completely neglecting the highly dynamic and complex nature of synapses, dendrites, and voltage-dependent ionic currents. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons challenges this notion, using richly detailed experimental and theoretical findings from cellular biophysics to explain the repertoire of computational functions available to single neurons. The author shows how individual nerve cells can multiply, integrate, or delay synaptic inputs and how information can be encoded in the voltage across the membrane, in the intracellular calcium concentration, or in the timing of individual spikes. Key topics covered include the linear cable equation; cable theory as applied to passive dendritic trees and dendritic spines; chemical and electrical synapses and how to treat them from a computational point of view; nonlinear interactions of synaptic input in passive and active dendritic trees; the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation and propagation; phase space analysis; linking stochastic ionic channels to membrane-dependent currents; calcium and potassium currents and their role in information processing; the role of diffusion, buffering and binding of calcium, and other messenger systems in information processing and storage; short- and long-term models of synaptic plasticity; simplified models of single cells; stochastic aspects of neuronal firing; the nature of the neuronal code; and unconventional models of sub-cellular computation. Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons serves as an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in cellular biophysics, computational neuroscience, and neural networks, and will appeal to students and professionals in neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, and physics.
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Humphreys, Paul, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Science. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.001.0001.
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This Handbook provides the reader with access to core areas in the philosophy of science and to new directions in the discipline. Part I contains broad overviews of the main lines of research and the state of established knowledge in six principal areas of the discipline, including computational, physical, biological, psychological, and social sciences, as well as general philosophy of science. Part II covers what are considered to be the traditional topics in the philosophy of science such as causation, probability, models, ethics and values, and explanation. Part III identifies new areas of investigation that show promise of becoming important areas of research, including the philosophy of astronomy and astrophysics, data, complexity theory, neuroscience, simulations, post-Kuhnian philosophy, post-empiricist epistemology, and emergence. Most chapters are accessible to scientifically educated non-philosophers as well as to professional philosophers. The authors bring different perspectives from the North American, European, and Australasian research communities, and all are leading researchers in their fields. All the contributors were encouraged to provide a new perspective on the topic at hand in addition to providing basic information about the subject.
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Glennan, Stuart. Mechanisms and Mechanical Philosophy. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.39.
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The past twenty years have seen a resurgence of philosophical interest in mechanisms, an interest that has been driven both by concerns with the logical empiricist tradition and by the sense that a philosophy of science that attends to mechanisms will be more successful than traditional alternatives in illuminating the actual content and practice of science. In this chapter, the author surveys some of the topics discussed by the so-called new mechanists. These include the nature of mechanisms themselves, how mechanisms are discovered and represented via models, the debate over the norms of mechanistic explanation, and the relationship between mechanisms and causation.
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Berg, Andrew, and Rafael Portillo. Introduction to Part II. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785811.003.0007.
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Part II of the book reflects on the authors’ efforts to use simple dynamic general equilibrium models to analyse monetary policy issues facing countries in sub-Saharan Africa. This overview explains the genesis of this research agenda, both in terms of the approach and the choice of topics. Experience in the operational aspects of the IMF’s work suggested that better policy analysis—including with respect to the response to supply shocks, exchange rate management, and the modernization of policy regimes—would benefit from greater use of these models, suitably adjusted to incorporate structural features of low-income countries. Compared to Part III, the analysis in Part II is on qualitative insights from more structural micro-founded models, which are meant to provide general guidance and ultimately undergird the more country-specific and operational applications.
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Harrison, Judith R., Brandon K. Schultz, and Steven W. Evans, eds. School Mental Health Services for Adolescents. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780199352517.001.0001.
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School Mental Health Services for Adolescents is composed of 15 chapters, written by well-known authors in the fields of psychology, education, social work, and counseling, who discuss and describe services for adolescents that can be implemented in secondary schools by school-based professionals. The authors present methods of overcoming implementation barriers through strategic service-delivery models. The volume is divided into three sections. The first chapters describe the history and need for services, explore the identity of professionals that serve as school mental health providers, and describe methods of engaging adolescents in school. The next chapters focus on issues of identification and referral for treatment in schools and provide a description of interventions. Proposed service delivery models are organized by target topics, including attention and organization, disruptive behavior, internalizing behaviors, autism spectrum disorders, substance abuse, and chronic health concerns. The final chapters describe assessment and the integration of school mental health in schools.
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Rottman, Benjamin Margolin. The Acquisition and Use of Causal Structure Knowledge. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.10.
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This chapter provides an introduction to how humans learn and reason about multiple causal relations connected together in a causal structure. The first half of the chapter focuses on how people learn causal structures. The main topics involve learning from observations versus interventions, learning temporal versus atemporal causal structures, and learning the parameters of a causal structure including individual cause-effect strengths and how multiple causes combine to produce an effect. The second half of the chapter focuses on how individuals reason about the causal structure, such as making predictions about one variable given knowledge about other variables, once the structure has been learned. Some of the most important topics involve reasoning about observations versus interventions, how well people reason compared to normative models, and whether causal structure beliefs bias reasoning. In both sections the author highlights open empirical and theoretical questions.
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Sprenger, Jan. Bayesianism vs. Frequentism in Statistical Inference. Edited by Alan Hájek and Christopher Hitchcock. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607617.013.23.
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Bayesianism and frequentism are the two grand schools of statistical inference, divided by fundamentally different philosophical assumptions and mathematical methods. Bayesian inference models the subjective credibility of a hypothesis given a body of evidence, whereas frequentists focus on the reliability of inferential procedures. This chapter gives an overview of the principles, varieties and criticisms of Bayesianism and frequentism, compares both schools, taking in an examination of Deborah Mayo’s account of frequentism, an innovative proposal in which she presented as crucial the concept of degrees of severity; and applies them to salient topics in scientific inference, such as p-values, confidence intervals and optional stopping. author OK
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Peteet, John R., Mary Lynn Dell, and Wai Lun Alan Fung. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681968.003.0001.
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Historical tensions between psychiatry and religion continue to hinder dialogue and restrict consensus on how to approach areas of overlap in clinical decision making. In Part One, contributors to this volume discuss concerns arising in the general areas of values, religious and psychiatric ethics, diagnosis and treatment, and the work of religious professionals and ethics committees. In Part Two, chapter authors consider these issues as they arise within various subspecialties of psychiatric practice, often using the Jonsen Four Topics (or Four Quadrants) Model. The theme of the relationship between religion and culture runs throughout and is addressed more directly than in the Outline for Cultural Formulation in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
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Beck, Joachim, Jürgen Stember, and Andreas Lasar, eds. Gleichwertigkeit der Lebensverhältnisse. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748923411.
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The debate on the equality of living conditions is on the agenda not only in Germany but throughout Europe. Thematic and/or functional aspects such as centre-periphery models, demographic change, consequences of digitisation, financing aspects, innovation aspects, regional funding - Europe of the Regions, regional funds, always also raise to the structural question of how to maintain the efficiency of public administration in all regions of Europe and Germany. What challenges for the design and performance of public administration and services of general interest arise in the context of increasing social, economic and spatial segregation, and what practical answers are possible, was the topic of the 3rd conference of the Practice and Research Network of German Universities for the Public Sector, which took place on 6 and 7 February 2020 at the University of Applied Sciences in Osnabrück. The anthology presents contributions by 35 authors on the topics "European Dimension", "Territorial, technical and social innovations" and "People and work". With contributions by Hans Adam, Barbara Bartels-Leipold, Kay Bonde, Cathrin Chevalier, Saskia Ehlers, Svenja Gödecke, Arnim Goldbach, Patricia Gozalbez Cantó, Prof. Dr. Johanna Groß, Dr. Norbert Jochens, Dr. Wolfram Karg, Frank Kupferschmidt, Joachim Lippott, Rainer Lisowski, Dr. Anne Melzer, Robert Müller-Török, Martina Röhrich, Prof. Dr. iur. Christoph Schewe, M.E.S. (Salamanca), Henning Schimpf, Andreas Schmid, Katrin Stegemann, Lisa Stegemann, Christiane Trüe, Dirk Villányi and Dr. Frank Vogel.
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Hedman, Shawn. A First Course in Logic. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198529804.001.0001.
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The ability to reason and think in a logical manner forms the basis of learning for most mathematics, computer science, philosophy and logic students. Based on the author's teaching notes at the University of Maryland and aimed at a broad audience, this text covers the fundamental topics in classical logic in an extremely clear, thorough and accurate style that is accessible to all the above. Covering propositional logic, first-order logic, and second-order logic, as well as proof theory, computability theory, and model theory, the text also contains numerous carefully graded exercises and is ideal for a first or refresher course.
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Grim, Patrick, Gary R. Mar, and Paul St. Denis. The Philosophical Computer. The MIT Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/5347.001.0001.
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The authors present a series of exploratory examples of computer modeling, using a range of computational techniques to illuminate a variety of questions in philosophy and philosophical logic. Topics include self-reference and paradox in fuzzy logics, varieties of epistemic chaos, fractal images of formal systems, and cellular automata models in game theory. Examples in the last category include models for the evolution of generosity, possible causes and cures for discrimination, and the formal undecidability of patterns of social and biological interaction. The cross-platform CD-ROM provided with the book contains a variety of working examples, in color and often operating dynamically, embedded in a text that parallels that of the book. Source code of all major programs is included to facilitate further research. Bradford Books imprint
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Seele, Peter, and Lucas Zapf. Economics. Edited by Michael Stausberg and Steven Engler. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198729570.013.8.
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The chapter provides an overview of economics as an academic discipline, particularly with regard to the study of religion. Three of economics’ driving forces are explored with regard to religion: (a) the household and its productions, (b) the market and its miraculous workings, and (c) the self-interested Homo oeconomicus and his actions. In each field, the inclusion of religion expands the understanding of the respective economic phenomenon. The authors present paradigms and axioms of economics and give a critical assessment, and provide a brief overview of alternative models (New Institutional Economics) that serve well for describing religious topics while benefitting from a religious-studies perspective to analyze the economy. With it, the economist’s perspective broadens and the endeavor becomes interdisciplinary. This approach is subsumed as Economics of Religion, with a multitude of topics, and theoretical/methodological diversity. The chapter presents basic concepts and scientific opportunities within this field of research.
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Michel, Bierlaire. Optimization: Principles and Algorithms. EPFL Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55430/6116v1mb.
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Every engineer and decision scientist must have a good mastery of optimization, an essential element in their toolkit. Thus, this articulate introductory textbook will certainly be welcomed by students and practicing professionals alike. Drawing from his vast teaching experience, the author skillfully leads the reader through a rich choice of topics in a coherent, fluid and tasteful blend of models and methods anchored on the underlying mathematical notions (only prerequisites: first year calculus and linear algebra). Topics range from the classics to some of the most recent developments in smooth unconstrained and constrained optimization, like descent methods, conjugate gradients, Newton and quasi-Newton methods, linear programming and the simplex method, trust region and interior point methods. Furthermore elements of discrete and combinatorial optimization like network optimization, integer programming and heuristic local search methods are also presented. This book presents optimization as a modeling tool that beyond supporting problem formulation plus design and implementation of efficient algorithms, also is a language suited for interdisciplinary human interaction. Readers further become aware that while the roots of mathematical optimization go back to the work of giants like Newton, Lagrange, Cauchy, Euler or Gauss, it did not become a discipline on its own until World War Two. Also that its present momentum really resulted from its symbiosis with modern computers, which made it possible to routinely solve problems with millions of variables and constraints. With his witty, entertaining, yet precise style, Michel Bierlaire captivates his readers and awakens their desire to try out the presented material in a creative mode. One of the outstanding assets of this book is the unified, clear and concise rendering of the various algorithms, which makes them easily readable and translatable into any high level programming language. ''This is an addictive book that I am very pleased to recommend.'' Prof. Thomas M. Liebling
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Faxneld, Per. Mary MacLane’s Autobiographic Satanic Feminism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664473.003.0010.
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Chapter10 has Canadian-American Mary MacLane (1881–1929) as its topic and draws on her own texts as well as contemporary newspaper articles on her. MacLane’s autobiographical bestseller The Story ofMary MacLane (1902) depicted the author’s burning desire to become Satan’s bride. Earlier research on MacLane has neglected the fact that her use of Satan is directly related to an established tradition of literary Satanism and also overlaps with contemporary esoteric and political-feminist use of the figure. The chapter attempts to contextualize her work from this perspective. MacLane’s use of several by now familiar motifs is highlighted: the liberating demon-lover, Satan as a voice of cultural criticism and diabolical lesbianism. The reception of the text is also considered, detailing how MacLane’s contentious public persona was an important part of the (brief) success she enjoyed and how she became an anti-heroine role model to scores of young American women.
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Bäck, Thomas. Evolutionary Algorithms in Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195099713.001.0001.
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This book presents a unified view of evolutionary algorithms: the exciting new probabilistic search tools inspired by biological models that have immense potential as practical problem-solvers in a wide variety of settings, academic, commercial, and industrial. In this work, the author compares the three most prominent representatives of evolutionary algorithms: genetic algorithms, evolution strategies, and evolutionary programming. The algorithms are presented within a unified framework, thereby clarifying the similarities and differences of these methods. The author also presents new results regarding the role of mutation and selection in genetic algorithms, showing how mutation seems to be much more important for the performance of genetic algorithms than usually assumed. The interaction of selection and mutation, and the impact of the binary code are further topics of interest. Some of the theoretical results are also confirmed by performing an experiment in meta-evolution on a parallel computer. The meta-algorithm used in this experiment combines components from evolution strategies and genetic algorithms to yield a hybrid capable of handling mixed integer optimization problems. As a detailed description of the algorithms, with practical guidelines for usage and implementation, this work will interest a wide range of researchers in computer science and engineering disciplines, as well as graduate students in these fields.
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Hibbert, D. Brynn, and J. Justin Gooding. Data Analysis for Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162103.001.0001.
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Chemical data analysis, with aspects of metrology in chemistry and chemometrics, is an evolving discipline where new and better ways of doing things are constantly being developed. This book makes data analysis simple by demystifying the language and whenever possible giving unambiguous ways of doing things. Based on author D. Brynn Hibberts lectures on data analysis to undergraduates and graduate students, Data Analysis for Chemistry covers topics including measurements, means and confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, analysis of variance, and calibration models. The end result is a compromise between recipes of how to perform different aspects of data analysis, and basic information on the background principles behind the recipes to be performed. An entry level book targeted at learning and teaching undergraduate data analysis, Data Analysis for Chemistry makes it easy for readers to find the information they are seeking to perform the data analysis they think they need.
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Dawson, Melanie V., and Meredith L. Goldsmith, eds. American Literary History and the Turn toward Modernity. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056043.001.0001.
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Approaching the period of 1880 to 1930 in American literature as one in which the processes of rethinking the past were as prevalent as wholly “new” works of art, this collection treats the century’s long turn as a site that overtly staged the tension among conflicting sets of values—those of past, present, and the imagined future. Navigating established literary modes as well as anticipatory inscriptions of the “modern,” turn-of-the-century authors continually negotiated ideological boundaries, treating the century’s long turn as a period ripe for experimentation. Essays in the collection, which range across topics such as canonicity, advice literature, Native American education, companionate marriage, turn-of-the-century feminism, dime novels, and the Harlem Renaissance, stress the hybridity born of multiple historical investments. As the authors of this collection demonstrate, the literature from the century’s turn is irreducible to the characteristics either of the nineteenth or the twentieth centuries; rather, it is literature of dual practices and multiple values that embodies elastic qualities of historical plurality – a true literature in transition.
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Lackowska, Marta, Katarzyna Szmigiel-Rawska, and Filipe Teles, eds. Local Government in Europe. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217186.001.0001.
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This book provides a comprehensive coverage of current challenges to the very essence of local self- government. Authors from different European countries present a picture of the current situation and of the future developments laying ahead of us. Europe provides an extremely diverse ground for Local Government studies: modes of governance, the position of the leader, reform intensity, emphasis on democratic forms of governance – all these aspects pose a very vivid and dynamic picture. At the same time, Local Governments in Europe face common challenges, like climate change, increasing populism, and democratic deficit. This volume aims to answer the diversity and communalities between these country-specific features. It is a comprehensive volume gathering the most classical research perspectives in the studies of European territorial (mainly local) government and presenting both new research approaches as well as new trends. The main set of topics include local territorial reforms, local leadership and democracy, and local finances. The authors represent the leading Local Government researchers in Europe, including a strong representation of Eastern European Countries.
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Dahlstedt, Palle. Action and Perception. Edited by Roger T. Dean and Alex McLean. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190226992.013.4.
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While computational models of human music making are a hot research topic, the human side of computer-based music making has been largely neglected. What are our cognitive processes like when we create musical algorithms, and when we compose and perform with them? Musical human–algorithm interaction involves embodied action, perception and interaction, and some kind of internalization of the algorithms in the performer’s mind. How does the cognitive relate to the physical here? Departing from the age-old mind–body problem, this chapter tries to answer these questions and review relevant research, drawing from a number of related fields, such as musical cognition, cognition and psychology of programming, embodied performance, and neurological research, as well as from the author’s personal experience as an artist working in the field.
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Bayor, Ronald H. Introduction. Edited by Ronald H. Bayor. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766031.013.001.
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The field of immigration and ethnic history has changed over the years to include previously neglected topics such as gender and race as well as newer immigrant groups. This Handbook introduction lays out the book’s focus and suggests that many new questions in regard to assimilation, nativism, group identity, panethnicity, and ethnic succession, among others, can be asked to help clarify and understand this history. Essay authors from the disciplines of history, political science, sociology, linguistics, and film studies develop fresh models for comprehending contemporary America. For example, relatively new religious groups, new forms of immigrant communication, a resurgent nativism are all evident in present times. Contributors were also requested to propose future research needed and to present their thoughts about where the field seems to be heading.
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Mizock, Lauren, and Erika Carr. Women with Serious Mental Illness. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190922351.001.0001.
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Women with Serious Mental Illness: Gender-Sensitive and Recovery-Oriented Care calls attention to a topic and a population that have been overlooked in research and psychotherapy—women with serious mental illnesses (schizophrenia, severe depression, bipolar disorder, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder). The book focuses on the history of mistreatment, marginalization, and oppression women with serious mental illness have encountered, not only from the general public but within the mental health system as well. This book provides an overview of recovery-oriented care for women with serious mental illness—a process of seeking hope, empowerment, and self-determination beyond the effects of mental illness. The authors provide a historical overview of the treatment of women with mental illness, their resilience and recovery experiences, and issues pertaining to relationships, work, class, culture, trauma, and sexuality. This book also offers the new model, the Women’s Empowerment and Recovery-Oriented Care intervention, for working with this population from a gender-sensitive framework. The book is a useful tool for mental health educators and providers and provides case studies, clinical strategies lists, discussion questions, experiential activities, diagrams, and worksheets that can be completed with clients, students, and peers.
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Abril, Carlos R., and Brent M. Gault, eds. General Music. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197509012.001.0001.
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Abstract General Music: Dimensions of Practice is a practical guide for music teachers and teaching artist who strive to teach music holistically. The book begins by framing general music as a holistic music education that is comprehensive, meaningful, and relevant to diverse learners in school and community settings. It is followed by chapters that are organized into one of four dimensions of music practice: performing, connecting, creating, and responding. Chapter authors share creative and innovative teaching ideas, for both elementary and secondary school students, that focus on a wide range of topics, including songwriting, composing, improvising, singing, moving, playing, listening, analyzing, contextualizing, and connecting. Each chapter provides (a) a rationale for a given area of music study, establishing its importance and relevance; (b) a research or theoretical background, to inform and guide practice; and (c) a pedagogical model or framework illustrated through lesson ideas, curriculum units, or vignettes. The ideas in this book seek to inspire and guide teachers as they build comprehensive music programs that are informed by students and communities.
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Clifton, Judith, Daniel Díaz Fuentes, and David Howarth, eds. Regional Development Banks in the World Economy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861089.001.0001.
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Regional development banks (RDB) have become increasingly important in the world economy, but have also been relatively under-researched to date. This timely volume addresses this lack of attention by providing a comprehensive, comparative, and empirically informed analysis of their origins, evolution, and contemporary role in the world economy through to the second decade of the twenty-first century. The editors provide an analytical framework that includes a revised categorization of RDB by geographic operation and function. In part one, the chapter authors offer detailed analyses of the origins, evolution, and contemporary role of the major RDB, including the Inter-American Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, the Central American Bank, the Andean Development Corporation, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. In part two, the authors engage in comparative analyses of key topics on RDB, examining their initial design and their changing business models, their shifting role in promoting policies supported by the United States as hegemon and the private sector. The volume ends with a critical reflection on the role played by RDB to date and a strong defence of the need for these banks in an increasingly complex world economy.
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Ashcroft, E. A., A. A. Faustini, R. Jaggannathan, and W. W. Wadge. Multidimensional Programming. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195075977.001.0001.
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This book describes a powerful language for multidimensional declarative programming called Lucid. Lucid has evolved considerably in the past ten years. The main catalyst for this metamorphosis was the discovery that Lucid is based on intensional logic, one commonly used in studying natural languages. Intensionality, and more specifically indexicality, has enabled Lucid to implicitly express multidimensional objects that change, a fundamental capability with several consequences which are explored in this book. The author covers a broad range of topics, from foundations to applications, and from implementations to implications. The role of intensional logic in Lucid as well as its consequences for programming in general is discussed. The syntax and mathematical semantics of the language are given and its ability to be used as a formal system for transformation and verification is presented. The use of Lucid in both multidimensional applications programming and software systems construction (such as a parallel programming system and a visual programming system) is described. A novel model of multidimensional computation--education--is described along with its serendipitous practical benefits for harnessing parallelism and tolerating faults. As the only volume that reflects the advances over the past decade, this work will be of great interest to researchers and advanced students involved with declarative language systems and programming.
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Drèze, Jean. Sense and Solidarity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833468.001.0001.
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The last twenty years have been a time of intense public debates on social policy in India. There have also been major initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, as well as resilient inertia in some fields. This book brings together some of Jean Drèze's contributions to these debates, along with other short essays on social development. The essays span the gamut of critical social policies, from education and health to poverty, nutrition, child care, corruption, employment, and social security. There are also less predictable topics such as the caste system, corporate power, nuclear disarmament, the Gujarat model, the Kashmir conflict, and universal basic income. The book aims at enlarging the boundaries of social development, towards a broad concern with the sort of society we want to create. The concluding essay, on public-spiritedness and solidarity, argues that the cultivation of enlightened social norms is an integral part of development. "Jholawala" has become a disparaging term for activists in the Indian business media. This book affirms the learning value of collective action combined with sound economic analysis. In his detailed introduction, the author argues for an approach to development economics where research and action are complementary and interconnected.
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Stausberg, Michael, and Steven Engler, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Study of Religion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198729570.001.0001.
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This Handbook offers an authoritative and up-to-date survey of original research in the study of religion. Its fifty-one chapters, written by authors from twelve countries, are organized into seven systematic parts. Part I (“Religion”) comprises chapters on definitions and theories of religion, history/translation, spirituality, and non-religion. Part II (“Theoretical Approaches”) reviews cognitive science, economics, evolutionary theory, feminism/gender theory, hermeneutics, Marxism, postcolonialism, semantics, semiotics, structuralism/poststructuralism, and social theory. Part III (“Modes”) addresses communication, materiality, narrative, performance, sound, space, and time. Part IV (“Environments”) relates religion to economy, law, media, nature, medicine, politics, science, sports, and tourism. Part V (“Topics”) discusses belief, emotion, experience, gift and sacrifice, gods, initiations and transitions, priests/prophets/sorcerers, purity, and salvation. Part VI (“Processes”) deals with differentiation, the disintegration and death of religions, expansion, globalization, individualization/privatization, innovation/tradition, objectification/commoditization, and syncretism/hybridization. Part VII (“The Discipline”) discusses the history and relevance of the study of religion.
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Fifield, Peter. Modernism and Physical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825425.001.0001.
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T. S. Eliot memorably said that separation of the man who suffers from the mind that creates is the root of good poetry. This book argues that this is wrong. Beginning from Virginia Woolf’s ‘On Being Ill’, it demonstrates that modernism is, on the contrary, invested in physical illness as a subject, method, and stylizing force. Experience of physical ailments, from the fleeting to the fatal, the familiar to the unusual, structures the writing of the modernists, both as sufferers and onlookers. Illness reorients the relation to and appearance of the world, making it appear newly strange; it determines the character of human interactions, and models of behaviour. As a topic illness requires new ways of writing and thinking, altered ideas of the subject, and a re-examination of the roles of invalids and carers. This book reads the work five authors, who are also known for their illness, hypochondria, or medical work: D. H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, T. S. Eliot, Dorothy Richardson, and Winifred Holtby. It overturns the assumption that illness is a simple obstacle to creativity and instead argues that it is a subject of careful thought and cultural significance.
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Wilkinson, Adrian, Paul J. Gollan, Mick Marchington, and David Lewin, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Participation in Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199207268.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Participation in Organizations discusses various arguments and schools of thought about employee participation; analyses the range of forms that participation can take in practice; and examines the way in which it meets objectives that are set for it, either by employers, trade unions, individual workers, or, indeed, the state. Employee participation encompasses the range of mechanisms used to involve the workforce in decisions at all levels of the organization whether direct or indirect conducted with employees or through their representatives. In its various guises, the topic of employee participation has been a recurring theme in industrial relations and human resource management. One of the problems in trying to develop any analysis of participation is that there is potentially limited overlap between these different disciplinary traditions, and scholars from diverse traditions may know relatively little of the research that has been conducted elsewhere. This book analyses a number of the more significant disciplinary areas in greater depth. Not only is there a range of different traditions contributing to the research and literature on the subject, there is also an extremely diverse sets of practices that congregate under the banner of participation. All the authors are leading scholars from around the world, who present and discuss fundamental theories and approaches to participation in organization as well as their connection to broader political forces. These selections address the changing contexts of employee participation, different cultural/institutional models, old/new economy models, shifting social and political patterns, and the correspondence between industrial and political democracy and participation.