Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Authenticity and mass tourism'
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Andermo, Ani. "Revealing Georgia's Tourism Potential." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24355.
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Although Georgia has experienced dramatic increases in the number of visitors over the past decade Swedish travellers are absent in the arrival statistics. Visitors from Eastern Europeans account for the majority of the increase in arrivals. This thesis attempts to understand what is missing in order for Swedish tourists to discover Georgia as a destination. This is done by interviewing Swedish tour operators and surveying Swedish visitors to Georgia. The results are analyzed in the framework of Leiper’s theory of destination competitiveness. A SWOT analysis is also used to structure the analysis, and the thesis suggests some benchmark measures that could be used to implement a systematic effort to improve the destination. The thesis concludes that Georgia indeed has a strong attractiveness on Swedish tourists, but that the main problems are connected with low awareness and lack of convenient transportation options. It is argued that these problems can be solved through improved marketing and entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the thesis highlights the need for Georgian destination managers to make choices today in order to shape the image of the country in the future. Georgia has a challenge to strengthen the authenticity that many travellers associate with the country, but is in a position to modernize by preserving traditions. Finally, it is argued that the results from this study are generalizable to include preferences of travellers from Western Europe in general, and therefore the study points to some significant opportunities available to Georgia.
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ZHANG, TING. "Deciphering urban scenic area in China and Italy among HTC system." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2972555.
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Bolan, Peter. "Film-induced tourism : motivation, authenticity and displacement." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551562.
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Films or movies provide us with a window into other places that broaden our knowledge and can fuel our desire to travel. What has become known as film-induced tourism has begun to gather momentum as an area of both academic research and industry interest. However, the phenomenon is wide-ranging and according to Beeton (2005), still a largely untapped and little-understood field of tourism research. Much of the literature to date has focused on the promotional aspects and the impacts of the phenomenon with little research into the motivations of the film-induced tourists themselves. Further, films are not always shot in the place where they are portraying on screen. This has become a common occurrence and it is not unusual for a film to be made in a completely different country from that it portrays. This form of displacement creates issues of authenticity and implications as to where the tourist influenced by such a film will choose to visit. This aspect in film tourism has been mentioned briefly by authors such as Beeton (2005), Hudson and Ritchie (2006) and Shandley et al. (2006) but they have not conducted investigations themselves and to date there have been no in-depth research studies into this aspect of the phenomenon. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate what the author has termed displacement theory within the larger phenomenon of film-induced tourism and to present a clearer understanding of the inherent implications and opportunities for economic development this may bring. Within this the author sought to examine film influence on tourist motivation, tourist views on displacement and authenticity as well as industry opinion on these matters. An interpretivistic research approach was taken utilizing the power of the internet and harnessing the use of specially created blogs to collect qualitative data. The approach was designed to extract data in depth with a select set of bloggers rather than at a superficial level across a wider number of respondents through quantitative survey work. This was then followed up by semi-structured interviews with respective tourism and film organizations throughout the UK and Ireland. Findings reveal that these issues do matter to tourists and that there are three distinct markets in existence which comprise three distinct tourist types in relation to film- induced tourism. This has enabled the author to develop a model of displacement (the first such model in this field of study) which conveys the motivational factors at play on the tourist and what is happening when displacement in film tourism occurs in relation to the three distinct markets. This is then utilized to make key recommendations as to how industry can maximize future potential from film-induced tourism, especially when displacement occurs. The thesis has covered new ground in its contribution to knowledge through addressing a gap in the film-induced tourism literature and providing new theories culminating in a newly developed model to represent what is occurring. Further contribution has been made through the use of innovative methodologies. In this case the use of specially designed blogs to gather qualitative data for the research.
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Garcia-Wass, Febe. "Orange juice authenticity using pyrolysis mass spectrometry." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312084.
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Lastrapes, Lauren. "Casa Samba: Identity, Authenticity, and Tourism in New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1456.
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ABSTRACT
Casa Samba is a cultural organization and samba school that has been operating in New Orleans’ performance scene since 1986. The group has been run by an American couple, Curtis and Carol Pierre, since its inception. Their son, Bomani Pierre, has been raised in the Afro-Brazilian drumming and dance practices that Casa Samba teaches and performs. Life histories of the group’s founding family are the basis of this qualitative case study. Using the details of individual lives and the context that these details provide, this dissertation seeks answers to two key questions: How and why does an American couple run a samba school? How does Casa Samba’s presence in New Orleans shape its practices?
As Carol and Curtis described their early lives and young adulthoods, it became apparent that each of them was seeking a way to remake their identities. The terrain for analyzing this search became personal authenticity, and I examine how each of the adult Pierres is on a quest for personal authenticity that begins early in their lives and continues through their creation and maintenance of Casa Samba. But the sense of personal authenticity that underwrites the Pierres’ construction of Casa Samba comes into contact with another form of authenticity, one that is external, evaluative, and also the root of New Orleans’ tourism economy. Thus, further questions arose regarding Casa Samba’s location in New Orleans and its cultural landscape. How does the tourist industry shape what is “authentic”? How is Casa Samba an “authentic” New Orleans cultural organization? In what ways is it an “authentic” representative of Brazilian carnival?
In the end, authenticity may be too narrow a concept from which to understand the totality of who the Pierre family is and what Casa Samba is. For this reason, this research examines Casa Samba as a utopian project, a site of cultural belonging, and an Afrocentric venture. I propose that Curtis and Carol Pierre have drawn on their knowledge of what is valuable, meaningful, and important—that is, authentic—to produce a cultural organization that reflects their sensibilities to the fullest extent possible.
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Hodgson, Renata. "Perceptions of authenticity Aboriginal cultural tourism in the Northern Territory /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32902.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Business, School of Management, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Hodgson, Renata. "Perceptions of authenticity : Aboriginal cultural tourism in the Northern Territory." Thesis, View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32902.
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Since the 1970s there has been a growing interest in Indigenous cultures globally. In Australia, the recognition that Aboriginal art and culture represents a distinct component of Australian identity has resulted in increased promotion of Aboriginal cultures and heritage sites as unique tourist attractions, mainly since the 1990s.
Research indicates that there is a significant international interest in Australian Indigenous cultures. In particular, it has been suggested that tourists want to experience ‘real’ Aboriginal culture and that they desire ‘authentic and genuine’ Aboriginal cultural experiences. Despite the fact that the concept of authenticity remains important to the different stakeholder groups of Aboriginal tourism, including tourists, tour operators and promoters as well as State/Territorial Governments, limited understanding exists as to what ‘authentic’ Aboriginal culture and, in particular, ‘authentic’ Aboriginal tourism experiences constitute in the minds of these stakeholders. Whilst an abundance of research exists that has addressed the issue of authenticity in different tourism settings, the majority of studies have treated the concept of authenticity as something given and have used quantitative tools to analyse the authentic-inauthentic binary. However, research utilising such methods has failed to uncover the different perspectives and meanings respondents may hold of the notion of authenticity. Notably, the perceptions of authenticity in Indigenous tourism have received little attention. The few existing studies on authenticity in Indigenous tourism settings have given emphasis to differing agendas, and have therefore provided only a piecemeal understanding of how authenticity is perceived and interpreted by the different stakeholders of Indigenous tourism. More importantly, research on Aboriginal hosts’ perceptions of authenticity is virtually non-existent. Yet, clarification of how tourists and hosts perceive authenticity in Aboriginal tourism is essential when addressing issues of accreditation and branding as well as key marketing objectives that aim to promote ‘authentic’ Aboriginal tourism experiences.
This study seeks to address the gaps within the tourism literature surrounding authenticity in Aboriginal tourism. The aim is to understand the concept of authenticity in Aboriginal tourism from a stakeholder perspective. The study is guided by two main research questions: What are the perceptions of authenticity of tourists as well as tour providers and their employees? and Are theoretical perspectives of the notion of authenticity shared by those stakeholders? More specifically, this study investigated five important issues: 1) tourists’ perceptions of authenticity at three different Aboriginal cultural tours; 2) the perceptions of three Aboriginal cultural tour operators and their employees in regard to authenticity; 3) whether there were any discrepancies and/or similarities between the perceptions of tour operators/employees and tourists about what constitutes an authentic Aboriginal tourism experience; 4) whether any of the different theoretical perspectives of authenticity were shared by tourists and tour operators/employees; and 5) whether a conceptual framework could be developed that provides an overview of salient elements explaining the formation of perceptions of authenticity within Aboriginal cultural tourism experiences.
In order to examine the research questions a qualitative research methodology grounded in the constructivist paradigm was adopted. This paradigm was chosen as it reflects the exploratory nature of the research and allows for flexibility throughout the research process. This study utilised qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection method together with participant observation. Data was collected from 92 interviews, consisting of 72 tourists and 20 employees, within three Aboriginal cultural tour companies in the Northern Territory. The three different Aboriginal cultural tours chosen for the purpose of this study were: Tiwi Tours at Bathurst Island, Manyallaluk Aboriginal Cultural Tours near Katherine and Anangu Tours at the Uluru-Kata-Tjuta National Park. The results of this research revealed that respondents hold multiple constructions of the notion of authenticity. In general, however, most respondents associated an authentic Aboriginal cultural tour experience with a genuine experience which does not feel contrived, staged or ‘plastic’. In particular, the study found that respondents’ perceptions of authenticity can be grouped into four elements. The first element consisted of the background and role of the Aboriginal tour guide, which was found to be a major factor influencing respondents’ perceptions on whether the tour was offering an authentic experience. The second element is characterised by the tourists’ search for ‘real’ and ‘genuine’ Aboriginal people. Here, respondents equated authenticity with the opportunity to visit a ‘real’ Aboriginal working community and to be able to experience Aboriginal people in an everyday setting. Respondents were found to hold preconceived notions and images in their minds as to who ‘real’ Aboriginal people are and what their ‘authentic’ lifestyle should involve. In addition, the majority of respondents defined authentic Aboriginal culture as the contemporary culture of Aboriginal people. Consequently, an authentic Aboriginal cultural tour experience was conceived in terms of gaining an insight into the contemporary lifestyle of Aboriginal people.
The third element that contributed to the experience of authenticity is associated with having the opportunity to see and/or purchase authentic Aboriginal arts and crafts. Respondents perceived a product as authentic if it conformed to specific criteria, such as reflecting uniqueness and originality and being handmade by a local artist.
Verification of authenticity was also generated by the shopping experience itself, for example meeting the artist and watching how the craft is produced. Finally, the fourth element in the construction of authenticity is related to tourists’ perceptions of the dance performance. Some respondents recognised this as a contrived experience that lacked ‘traditional’ authenticity, while some respondents wanted to see an authentically contrived or staged cultural performance as this was regarded as an occasion for entertainment and enjoyment. Furthermore, the findings of this study suggested that respondents generally referred to the authenticity of toured objects (object authenticity) when describing their perceptions of an authentic experience. The majority of tourists and employees employed a constructivist approach within their conceptualisation of the notion of authenticity. Only a small number of tourists appeared to hold attitudes similar to the objectivist and postmodern perspectives.
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Offeh, Francis. "Heritage tourism in the Ashanti Kingdom Ghana: Authenticity, commodification and tradition." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528530.
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Tetley, Sarah. "Visitor attitudes to authenticity at a literary tourist destination." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1998. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/3465/.
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Cultural tourism is assuming ever greater significance, and this study examines one particular form of this tourism whose main resource is the literary work of authors. Literary tourist destinations are places visited because of their associations with books or other literary outputs and with their authors. Such destinations are becoming increasingly popular as visitor attractions. This research examines the visitors to one well-known literary tourist destination. It examines the motivations, experiences and attitudes of the visitors as they relate to the authenticity of the destination. Although literary tourism is a significant part of both the cultural and tourism industries, it is very largely under-researched. Most concentrates on the historical emergence of literary tourist destinations. The present examination uses a case study of tourists visiting the literary tourism area of Haworth, West Yorkshire, England which was home to the literary Bronte family. The nature of the links specifically between literature, authenticity and tourism remain under-researched, with little sustained attention given to questions surrounding the authenticity of literary tourist destinations. Hence, the case study investigates visitor attitudes to the character of authenticity at the destination. Authenticity is evaluated explicitly as a social construct, and the research also questions how tourists respond to the signs or markers of literary connections. In this way, the research adds to the understanding of literary tourist destinations, visitor attitudes to authenticity, and their perceptions of, and responses to, signs as markers of authenticity. The case study is based on a social survey which comprises three different semi-structured questionnaires. While these surveys shared standard questions on motivations and authenticity, each had a distinct focus, which facilitated the assessment of visitor attitudes to a wide range of potential tourism products in the literary tourist destination. This research adds to methodological sophistication in tourism research by its innovative use of visual stimuli as a projection technique, with this method rarely being used in tourism studies. Verbal stimuli were less likely to be appropriate to explore the signs that visitors use as markers of authenticity. Consequently, photographs including key potential signs were used as a stimulus to gain insights into visitor responses. The results indicate that the literary tourist destination of Haworth attracts a broad range of visitor types, and that the different types of visitors differed in their motivations and experiences. It was found that different visitors were motivated to visit Haworth by the desire to learn and by the desire to have fun to varying degrees. Such motivations affected the extent to which they were concerned about the authenticity of the various aspects of the literary tourism product. In a similar vein, the empirical data suggests that visitors varied in the extent to which they considered their experience of the destination had been authentic, and differences also emerged between the features of the literary place that visitors used as markers of authenticity or of inauthenticity.
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Burn, David Joseph. "The mass-proper cycles of Henricus Isaac : genesis, transmission, and authenticity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cc90b91f-1666-4a9b-8cdd-47627ac670b5.
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This study reassesses the relationship between the monumental collection of Henricus Isaac's mass-proper cycles published as the Choralis Constantinus and the composer's original massproper projects. The first section charts changing views of Isaac as a historical figure, from his time to ours. Following this, the second section pursues the implications of recent redatings of major Choralis sources with a detailed investigation of the transmission of the Choralis' s music from composer to print. This analysis suggests new views for the make-up of each of the projects known to have been compiled together in the print: the earlier theory of a Constance Common of Saints is dismissed, whilst a mass-ordinary that may have belonged to the Constance project is identified; it is suggested that Isaac's mass-propers for the Imperial court cannot easily be seen as a single project, and that some anonymous propercycles not found in the Choralis may be Isaac's and may have belonged to Imperial repertory. To shed further light on the original scopes of Isaac's mass-proper projects, the third section of this thesis investigates Isaac's non-Choralis mass-propers. Particular attention is given to the large collection of such items found in two related manuscripts from latersixteenth- century Augsburg. Examination of the context and function of these manuscripts suggests that the unica they preserve attributed to Isaac are spurious. On the other hand, consideration of the Choralis's transmission and the shape of Isaac's secure Imperial repertory suggests that some anonymous cycles in the manuscript WeimB A are Isaac's. The final part of this study re-examines the attributions and de-attributions made in the first two sections at a music-stylistic level. No conflicting evidence is found. On the contrary, all earlier suggestions are reinforced.
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Lawrance, Robert A. "Defining and protecting cultural and heritage tourism authenticity in rural Nova Scotia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ39674.pdf.
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Sathe, Nikhil Anand. "Authenticity and the critique of the tourism industry in postwar Austrian literature." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1054693119.
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Joubert, Elize. "The relativity of authenticity: Notions of authenticity in the Cape Winelands cultural landscape and the impact of wine tourism on cultural heritage." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21538.
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This study explores various notions of authenticity in tourism experience and seeks to establish if these notions are compatible with the concept of authenticity in conservation of the built environment. Three wine farms in the Cape Winelands cultural landscape, a proposed serial World Heritage Site, have been studied. The study suggests that object-related or material authenticity is being replaced with alternative notions of authenticity in tourism and that the toured object, for the purpose of winelands tourism in the Western Cape during this period, no longer needs to be authentic.
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Cantillon, Zelmarie. "Resort Spatiality: Reimagining Sites of Mass Tourism." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367163.
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This dissertation theorises resorts – destinations famous for ‘sun, sand and sex’ mass tourism – as distinct kinds of urban milieux. Taking account of their similarities as well as their differences, I focus on six international destinations: the Gold Coast, Australia; Miami, United States of America; Cancún, Mexico; Ibiza, Spain; and Phuket and Koh Phangan, Thailand. Drawing on the work of Lefebvre, Soja, Massey, Highmore and Deleuze and Guattari, I attend to the material and symbolic production of lived spaces in these resorts. In particular, I consider the mutually constitutive, mutually transformative relations between their spatial formations, built environments, popular imaginaries, representations, narratives of identity,
rhythms, and the experiences and practices of both tourists and locals.
To investigate these dynamics, I conducted extensive literature research and undertook fieldwork in each of these resorts. My applied methods included a mixture of participant observation, photography, rhythmanalysis, and semistructured interviews with resort residents. Recognising the impossibility of ever
comprehensively representing infinitely complex sites such as these, the methods were intended to be impressionistic, partial and to some degree autoethnographic. The places, phenomena, observations and findings I discuss are taken to be ‘examples’ in Agamben’s (1993) sense – singular instances which nonetheless provide insight into wider social and cultural processes.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science
Arts, Education and Law
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Marx, Nathaniel. "Ritual in the age of authenticity| An ethnography of Latin Mass Catholics." Thesis, University of Notre Dame, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3585262.
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While the reform of Catholic liturgy that followed the Second Vatican Council by no means rejected Latin as a language of liturgical celebration, the Latin Mass quickly became the province of traditionalist groups that refused to accept the revised Order of Mass and offered the pre-conciliar Tridentine Mass in defiance of the Roman Catholic hierarchy. Nevertheless, there have always been some Catholics who either obtained permission to celebrate the Tridentine Mass or found celebrations of the post-conciliar Mass in Latin that maintained certain practices associated with the pre-conciliar Mass. This dissertation focuses on this latter group of Latin Mass Catholics, who have remained within the bounds of the institutional church and who, since 2007, have had permission to celebrate the Tridentine Mass as an “extraordinary form” of the Mass of the Roman Rite.
In particular, this study seeks a better understanding of the motives of contemporary Latin Mass Catholics in America. Critics sometimes view attachment to the Latin Mass as an example of modern Catholicism’s still incomplete liberation from “dead ritual.” Supporters, on the other hand, often valorize the same attachment as a sign of resurgent interest in “the sacred” following Vatican II’s alleged desacralization of the liturgy. As an alternative to both of these positions, this study explains adherence to the Latin Mass as the embodiment of one particular approach to the formation of an “authentic” human subject of liturgical prayer. Personal sincerity and continuity with tradition are both essential to how Latin Mass Catholics evaluate authenticity in liturgical prayer and cultivate authenticity in their own selves. In practice, these modes of authentication are held together by an acquired habitus of “reverence.”
An ethnographic account of contemporary adherence to the Latin Mass fleshes out the particular practices associated with this inculcation of reverence. Fieldwork in four Latin Mass communities and interviews with Latin Mass adherents reveal the viability of this approach to liturgical formation. It is argued that the liturgical reform and adherence to the Latin Mass can provide complementary insights into the formation of an authentic human subject of liturgical prayer in the modern world.
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Marchaza, Lauren M. "Selling authenticity the role of Zuni Knifewings and Rainbow gods in tourism of the American Southwest /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1180626964.
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Sansom, Jane A. "Contested authenticity, identity and the performance of the Anastenaria /." Title page, contents and synopsis only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs2289.pdf.
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Robinson, Peter D. "Prosuming visuality, authenticity and urban exploration within tourist experiences." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620348.
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This PhD by publication draws on a range of publications from the last five years. These books, papers and chapters explore tourist motivation and experiences in a range of contemporary contexts. The body of work moves from mainstream discussion around sustainability and slow tourism in the tourist decision making process to the use of visual media to explore, understand and co-create tourist spaces, investigating related tourist subcultures and counter-cultural destinations. In particular the work focuses on Urban Exploration and, later, on cold war sites. My papers consider both tourist decision making in relation to planned visits, and the subsequent publication of images of places which have been visited. The work considers authenticity and visuality as components of the dissatisfaction with modern tourism, and the experiences it offers, I argue that this dissatisfaction is driving tourists to understand, engage with and experience tourist sites in new ways, seeking liminality and embodiment within the tourist experience. The study will develop this analysis through four key areas: A clarification of the role of tourism within advanced societies and as a multidisciplinary field of research. An evaluation of authenticity, visuality and urban exploration A critical review of tourist consumption, prosumption and co-creation A review of the methodologies adopted through the papers submitted for this PhD by publication to explore the mixed-method approaches to data collection and the centrality of visual methodologies and discourses in understanding tourism and tourism geography. An exploration of the role of real and virtual experiences in deconstructing and reconstructing urban tourist experiences to evaluate the factors which influence and inform tourist decision making.
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Kim, Hyounggon. "Serious leisure, participation and experience in tourism: authenticity and ritual in a renaissance festival." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1562.
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This study examined the Texas Renaissance Festival as perceived and experienced by (serious) visitors for whom this was a form of regular, repeated and highly meaningful participation. Specifically, the focus was to gain understanding of the notion of serious leisure as defined by Stebbins, in the context of festivals, and to understand the meanings associated with festival participation. Following a qualitative (constructivism paradigm) research frame, the data were collected through participant observation and 37 in-depth interviews for highly committed tourists to the Texas Renaissance Festival. The collected data were analyzed through Grounded Theory techniques specified by Glaser (1978).
In regard to the characteristics of participation, the results indicated that their continuous participation in the Texas Renaissance Festival displays qualities of serious leisure: 1) identification; 2) long-term career; 3) unique ethos; 4) significant personal effort; 5) perseverance; and 6) durable personal benefits. As they become more seriously involved in the festival participation, they tend to be a part of a well-integrated subculture of which prominent values include personal freedom, hedonism, and anti-materialism. The experiences constructed through the serious festival participation were reminiscent of tourism existential authenticity specified by Wang (1999) as two levels: intrapersonal authenticity (gaining ones true self) and interpersonal authenticity (gaining true human relationship). A search of such authentic experiences at the festival seems to be partly driven by the perceived alienation in everyday life.
When these aspects were examined from an interpretive and meaning-based approach, attending the festival in a serious manner is not just a simple matter of escaping from the reality (e.g., alienation) of everyday life, but is an active quest for an alternative to their lives at home as many indicated. Thus, the serious participation in a tourism activity such as the Texas Renaissance Festival could be best understood as a dynamic process of attaining existential state of Being in response to diverse sociocultural conditions. Several significant theoretical propositions were made based on the results derived from this study. Additionally, marketing and management implications associated with staging tourism events and festivals were discussed.
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Annie, Jakobsson. "Is This the Real Deal? : Authenticity for a True Heritage Experience." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100201.
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This paper aims to explore and understand how locals and tourists perceive authenticity on a truly authentic heritage site. The empirical study was conducted with a sample of Scandinavians and South Africans that had or had not visited the heritage site in Cape Town, Republic of South Africa. The result indicated a correlation between authenticity and heritage experience. The most interesting finding was however when heritage was positioned somewhere else but the individuals' home countries. These findings provide insight into the ways tourists and locals perceive authenticity and the demand for heritage tourism and true authenticity, which highlights the importance of authenticity in tourism destinations.
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Chhabra, Deepak. "Heritage tourism : an analysis of perceived authenticity and economic impact of the Scottish Highland Games in North Carolina /." VIEW WEB VERSION VIEW RELATED WEB ITEM, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/etd/public/etd-54361415410121341/etd.pdf.
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Habluetzel, Caroline. "The telautograph, scenes of handwriting and the changing cultural appreciation of physical authenticity." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106272.
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This is the first study of the telautograph, a device that transmitted the movement of a writing hand over telegraph lines to a remote fountain pen that simultaneously replicated the movement. I argue that the telautograph created a unique niche within the media landscape of the late 19th century: it provided a novel and instantaneous way to communicate long-distance and was thus unprecedented as a writing technology. It transmitted handwriting, clearly a familiar and trusted technology and clearly attributable to an individual person. Yet it produced writing in the absence of the writer, thus challenging notions of authenticity and context of origin. In addition, I establish that Elisha Gray's particular business strategy combined with certain technical short-comings limited the telautograph's adoption despite unanimously favourable reviews.Today, handwriting similarly inhabits a borderland in our culture. Its increasingly limited practice is in competition with various forms of typing, yet handwritten documents are generally perceived as more personal and authentic than electronic documents. I propose that the cultural appreciation of handwriting stems from the notion of physical authenticity, the particular physical bond that exists between a writer and a text, a bond that we think is different from the link between a writer and an electronic text. I identify five assumptions on handwriting: (1) handwriting is produced by the body/hand while typewriting is produced by a machine; (2) a handwritten text leads to an individual while a typed text leads to a device; (3) handwriting directly reflects our thoughts while typing leaves doubts in this regard; (4) handwriting cannot be copied while typing creates only copies; (5) handwriting implies presence while typing implies absence. I use these assumptions to explore the historical trajectory of handwriting practices. I thus examine scenes of writing in the 19th century (the telautograph) and 21st century (signing and handwriting practices today) and portray the respective semantics, gestures, and instruments.Ceci est la première étude sur le télautographe, un appareil qui a transmis sur les lignes télégraphiques le mouvement d'une main qui écrit à un stylo à distance reproduisant simultanément le mouvement de la main de l'écrivain. Je soutiens que le télautographe a créé une niche unique dans le paysage médiatique de la fin du 19e siècle: il a fourni une façon nouvelle et instantanée de communiquer à distance et a donc été sans précédent en tant que technologie d'écriture. Le télautographe a transmis l'écriture manuscrite, clairement une technologie familière et clairement attribuable à une personne individuelle. Cependant, il a produit l'écriture dans l'absence de l'écrivain, défiant ainsi des notions d'authenticité et du contexte d'origine. J'établis aussi que la stratégie d'affaires particulière de Elisha Gray, combinée avec certains manques techniques, a limité l'adoption du télautographe malgré des commentaires unanimement favorables.Aujourd'hui, l'écriture manuscrite occupe de même une zone frontalière dans notre culture. Sa pratique est de plus en plus limitée et en compétition avec les diverses formes de dactylographie, mais les documents écrits à la main sont toujours perçus comme plus personnels et plus authentiques que les documents électroniques. Je propose que l'appréciation culturelle de l'écriture manuscrite découle de la notion d'authenticité physique qui est assise sur le lien physique particulier qui existe entre un écrivain et un texte, un lien que nous pensons être différent du lien entre un écrivain et un texte électronique. J'identifie cinq hypothèses sur l'écriture manuscrite: (1) l'écriture manuscrite est produite par le corps/la main tandis que la dactylographie est produite par une machine; (2) un texte écrit à la main mène à un individu tandis qu'un tapuscrit mène à un appareil; (3) l'écriture manuscrite reflète directement nos pensées tandis que la dactylographie laisse des doutes à cet égard; (4) l'écriture à la main ne peut pas être copiée tandis que la dactylographie ne crée que des copies; (5) l'écriture manuscrite implique la présence tandis que la dactylographie implique l'absence. J'utilise ces hypothèses pour explorer la trajectoire historique des pratiques d'écriture manuscrites. J'examine ainsi des scènes d'écriture au 19e siècle (le télautographe) et au 21e siècle (la signature et les pratiques d'écriture contemporaines) et présente les sémantiques, les gestes, et les instruments respectivement.
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Bailey, Chelsea. "Exploring narrative transportation in a literary heritage tourism context : the role and influence of authenticity." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/103279/.
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The primary focus of this thesis is the development of narrative transportation theory. Narrative transportation has been acknowledged as the immersive experience associated with reading for pleasure. This was later extended to include re-enactments (Escales, 2004), media (Green, Brock and Kaufman, 2004), education (Moyer-Guse, 2008), video games (Baranowski et al., 2008) and social media (Van Laer and De Ruyter, 2010). This discussion, whilst interesting, has failed to explore the full depth of application of the theory. As such, this thesis seeks to explore the conceptual breadth of the concept and offers support for an extension of the current conceptualisation. Insights from the well-developed field of authenticity will be used to enhance the discussion on and understanding of narrative transportation. Whilst there has been much discussion on the conceptualisation of authenticity (Pearce and Moscardo, 1985; Handler and Saxton, 1988; Bruner, 1994; Selwyn, 1996a, 1996b; Wang, 1999), there has been less exploration into visitor perceptions of authenticity and how the form of authenticity influences the visitor experience. The thesis seeks to explore narrative transportation and its conceptual breadth of application by investigating the motivations for visiting literary heritage sites and the interactions that occur amongst visitors. Specifically, the research focuses on the antecedents affecting participation, the resulting impact on engagement and the post-experience evaluation. The research adopts a case-study approach and utilises access at two literary attractions. One of these, Shakespeare’s Birthplace, is internationally known; the other, Sarehole Mill, is associated with J.R.R. Tolkien, author of The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit. The findings are informed by a two-year period of data collection, including an archival search, a document analysis, semi-structured interviews and small focus groups. The findings offer a full understanding of the variables that affect engagement and participation at literary heritage sites amongst a range of participants. The primary contributions of this study are to the development of narrative transportation theory. Narrative-transportation theory has been reconceptualised as cyclical – not linear, as previously suggested – and new elements have been identified, including a post-narrative-transportation effect. Several insights into the supporting theory of authenticity have also emerged; namely, elected authenticity, the role of costumed guides as a tangible hybrid, and a new perspective on the relationship between alienation and the search for the authentic. The development of the dual longitudinal focus-group approach offers a new development and dimension for discussion within the methodology literature. The relevance of these findings extends beyond the literary heritage setting to the wider tourism industry and service sector, where brand stories, identities and engagement with consumers are crucial.
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Xie, Philip Feifan. "Authenticating Cultural Tourism: Folk Villages in Hainan, China." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, 2001. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/fxie2001.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Waterloo, 2001."A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in Planning". Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfiche format.
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Pihl, Lina. "Drömmen om The West : Bildanalys av företaget Swansons kataloger från 2002 och 2009." Thesis, University of Kalmar, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2522.
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This study has been about the representation of the Swedish tourism company Swanson’s. They do trips in US and every year they do a brochure with many pictures. The objective of my study is to look how pictures help to constructs places. Its often problem with pictures because sometimes they are constructs. In this way when people look at pictures they think the destination looks like the pictures. In the brochures I want to see what it is for pictures and through that see what kind of representation Swanson’s give of US. I have done both a quantitative and a qualitative research. For do a quantitative research I count all pictures in the both brochures and place them in 25 categories. To get a comprehensive picture of the result I interview a representing from Swanson’s. I analyzed some pictures too in the both brochures, together with the academic benchmarks. The conclusion of the study is that Swanson’s gives an American feeling from the pictures and a spirit from the Wild West. Many of the pictures are pictures of cowboys, native Indians and big, magnificent nature pictures. Other pictures are things that represent US, for example the Statue of Liberty. The tourist can be fooled, because they maybe think that US are like all the pictures in Swanson’s brochures. The authenticity is important for the representation in this way. The authenticity disappears sometimes, because we all know that Indians and cowboy don’t walk on the street today in US. Today we know through TV and internet that native Indians doesn’t exist in theirs genuine clothes and in this way we can accept Swanson’s pictures and dream away.
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Yang, Kaihan. "Spatial-existential authenticity and the production of heterotopia : the case of second homes in China." Thesis, University of Derby, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/622898.
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China has achieved extraordinary economic growth since its profound social, political and economic reformation in 1978. Housing and tourism are two manifestations of such growth. However, problems related to the development of housing and tourism have become increasingly severe: environmentally sound rural areas are now the battlefield for the ostensible economic advancement of both sectors; the supposedly beneficial local communities in such areas end up as the sufferers of worsened living conditions; the policymakers, who are self-claimed leaders of the development in benefits of the local communities, are de facto heavily dependent upon the sales of land for tax generation. Under such circumstances, second homes - the intersection between tourism and housing - have emerged as a hot topic for industry participants, researchers and policymakers. The existing body of knowledge, in what is largely Western dominated second homes research, suggests that the key theories, assumptions and conclusions cannot be adapted to explain the development model in China. This is because of China’s unique scale, patterns, and dynamics of economic and socio-political linkages. This research therefore theorises second homes in China based on key space and tourism concepts. This thesis conceptualises second homes on an actual site in China named The Aqua, which is a tourism cluster intentionally constructed around the idea of second homes. The thesis examines the actor groups that are involved in the making of The Aqua, as well as their practice, representation and experience with it. Also, in order to uncover the potential impacts of the Aqua, this research investigates how justice is recognised and practiced between different actor groups. The outcomes of this research include: 1) a new model that visualises the power relations between different actor groups that are involved in the making of the Aqua, 2) a new theory building on Foucault’s heterotopia to help explain why the Aqua was produced as the representation of the imagined Western township, 3) new terms of apotopia and limbotopia as dismissive narratives to unwanted circumstances of tourism place-making, 4) a fresh perspective to examine the potential impacts of second homes through the lens of justice, instead of the traditional dualistic thinking of second homes as the curse or the blessing.
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Fälton, Emelie. "Food and Sustainable Tourism : A study of authenticity and organic food in a customer supply perspective." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för historie-, turism- och medievetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104832.
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The tourism industry has a large impact on the environment’s health and tourists’ behaviours as well as consumption attitudes have an important role. Tourists’ food decisions and engagements in sustainable food could encourage the tourism operators to improve their environmental burdens. This essay investigates the experience of organic food as a part of the sustainable development within the tourism industry. A dualistic authenticity framework has been applied and a method to measure and analyse perceived authenticity has been drawn from the literature. Questionnaires were handed out to the guests and the staff at two Swedish hotels. The results revealed that there are several dimensions in the meeting between the customers and the operators that arrange food experiences in touristic contexts. There is an interest for the question of organic food as a part of the environmental sustainable development, both relative to the contemporary tourism industry and for the future convention to a more sustainable development in the tourism industry. The results presented that organic food is experienced as a central concept that could be a part of and have an important role for the future sustainable development within the tourism industry. An important part of this is the importance to be aware of the meeting between the customers and the operators. Sweden has a potential to accomplish a more sustainable tourism industry in the future, but more research and educations with focus on the subject needs to be made.
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Ivanovic, Milena. "Exploring the authenticity of the tourist experience in culture heritage tourism in South Africa / Milena Ivanovic." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7606.
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The research question addressed by this dissertation is: How is the tourist experience
formed and what constitutes the authenticity of the tourist experience for two market
segments (motivated and not motivated by learning) of tourists visiting (political) cultural
heritage sites in South Africa. The study explores the correlation between three types of
authenticity, namely objective, constructed and existential on two independent tourist
samples, motivated and not motivated by learning.
This research was initiated for three reasons. The first reason forms part of the research
problem; South African cultural experiences received the lowest ratings from the
international tourists despite the fact that culture and heritage play a role in reimaging
South Africa from Big 5 destination into ‘It’s possible’ and ‘Leave ordinary behind’. It was
suspected that not all types of cultural heritage products justify such a low ratings,
especially not the political cultural heritage sites South Africa is famous for. The second
reason emerged from the academic literature on authenticity theories and calls from the
influential group of postmodernist scholars to declare the objective authenticity obsolete
and replace it with the existential authenticity. The argument that; the hyperreal nature of
the postmodern experience and its detachment from reality makes the authenticity of the
site redundant, seemed inapt for cultural heritage sites exclusively dependent on their
historical and authentic values. The third reason was the inability of the postmodern
paradigm to explain the new tourism phenomenon driven by the tourists search for selfdevelopment
through authentic experiences. The new emerging paradigm, transmodernity
seemed to offer better theoretical framework in explaining the omnivorouessness of
tourists’ consumption and the authentic nature of tourist experiences.
The correlational character of the research question required a descriptive correlational
design and quantitative methodology. The selected research instrument for primary data
collection is a self–administered questionnaire. The sampling strategy is a non–probability
sampling, and the sampling method is a convenience or accidental sample. The data was
collected from November 2010 to February 2011 at the Constitutional Hill National
Heritage Site in Johannesburg. The final sample (436) consists of 254 foreign and 182
domestic tourists.
The questionnaire was designed to identify the variables pertinent to each type of
authenticity of tourists experience and of the resultant tourist experience. The data
analysis provided very interesting results. Firstly, the results of crosstabulation proved that
more than half (56%) of the tourists expressed strong agreement that the Constitution Hill
provided them with authentic experience, hence a proof that political heritage sites are not
responsible for the overall low experiential ratings of the country’s culture and heritage.
Secondly, the results of the Spearman’s correlation coefficient proved that objective
authenticity as an independent variable have strong positive correlation with constructed
and existential authenticity hence a proof that objective authenticity cannot be declared
obsolete and replaced with existential authenticity. Finally, the results of the t–test proved
that motivation for learning and place of birth do not play an important role in how tourist
evaluate and experience the authenticity of the site pointing to the omnivorous nature of
tourist consumption. In line with the transmodern paradigm, motivation for learning plays a
critical role in triggering the transformative, authentic experience distinctive of the
existential authenticity. The results of the study also showed that 32% of tourists are in
fact the purposeful, New Age, transmodern Cultural Creatives. Proposed theoretical
model of authenticity of tourists experience presents a theoretical platform for future
research studies.Thesis (M.A. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Marchaza, Lauren Marie. "Selling Authenticity: The Role of Zuni Knifewings and Rainbow Gods in Tourism of the American Southwest." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1180626964.
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Sjöstrand, Johan. "Cultivating authenticity : Perceptions of Zanzibari culture and history within the heritage management of Stone Town." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-105277.
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The aim of this thesis is to acquire a deeper understanding of the relationship betweenheritage management, the tourism industry and perceptions of authenticity in the worldheritage site of Stone Town in Zanzibar, Tanzania. This is a case study within the field ofheritage studies with a focus on planning and the production of authenticity. In this study Iintend to shed light on the ideas and perceptions on authenticity that shapes the conservationand promotion of the world heritage of Stone Town. Furthermore I wish to examine how thetourists in Stone Town interact and relates to this imagery. This study contains number ofqualitative interviews with planners, heritage officials, policy-makers and tourists in StoneTown who gives their perspective on culture, history and perceptions on authenticity. Theconcept of authenticity will be discussed using a constructivistic approach in order to revealinherent power relations within Zanzibari interpretations on authenticity. One of the keyfindings in this study is that the focus on historic cosmopolitanism, which is seen as a majorpart of the Zanzibari heritage, is believed to be threatened by new influences from heritagetourism and immigration from East Africa. This results in a exclusionary policy-making andnarrow perspectives on Zanzibari culture.
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Obrador-Pons, Pau. "Tourism as dwelling : an ethnography of the practices, bodies and places of mass tourism in Menorca." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1780/.
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Rowland, Monica. "Menendez versus Mickey : a study of heritage tourism in Florida." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001618.
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Miranda, Maureira Teresa. "Living with tourism : Perspectives of Indigenous communities in Québec, Canada." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-247422.
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This study focuses on the transformation process and reshaping of Indigenous tourism in Québec, Canada, using an ethnographic approach and methods. The central aim is to understand how Indigenous communities are affected by the development of Indigenous tourism and how they deal with this development. Three concepts are elaborated upon: resilience, performance of authenticity and representation of territory. The present study aims to show that these concepts are interconnected and crucial to the discussion of sustainable development. In this study it is important to not merely view Indigenous peoples as people affected by tourism but primarily as individuals who are involved in shaping Indigenous tourism in their communities. This work discusses a process in which society, communities and the Indigenous tourism industry are changing and transforming. I have shown how the dimensions of sustainable development can interact with place-specific conditions and are of importance for the Indigenous communities in Québec.
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Vrondou, Ourania P. "Sports-related tourism and the product repositioning of traditional mass tourism destinations : an empirical study of Greece." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11023.
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The thesis investigates the role that sports-related tourism may play in the rejuvenation and reinvestment process for mature mass tourism destinations, specifically, it synthesises a range of material and case studies from, and seeks to contribute to tourism policy development for, various contexts in Greece. Following a review of published material inter alia on the product life cycle applied to tourism destinations, on the debates surrounding the need for new rejuvenating products to be sustainable forms of development, on the development of special interest forms of tourism, and particularly on the rise of active or sports tourism, the work considers methodologically how best to investigate the role that sport tourism is playing, or may play, in assisting to rejuvenate and differentiate mass tourism destinations and assist mass tourism-oriented economies. Seeking a comprehensive insight into the development of new forms of tourism across Greece and the potential for further sports-oriented tourism development, this research included case studies of both traditional regions of tourism concentration (e.g. Crete), and more isolated and, as yet, under-developed tourism areas (e.g. Thrace), thus contributing to further understanding the potential of sports tourism in different contexts. Empirical work in these case study locations was preceded by an in-depth review of public sector policy relating to tourism and, where relevant, to environmental and developmental policy. This included a carefully structured series of in-depth qualitative interviews with both central state policy makers (from senior decision makers, such as the Minister for Tourism, to policy implementers) and regional or local officials, who are both receivers and increasingly designers of policy. The study also benefited from access to a range of both published and unpublished material through the Greek National Tourism Organisation (GNTo.). A shift in policy direction towards product differentiation, harnessing sports-related tourism, was identified. New policy announcements are beginning to support the increased development of sport tourism forms, through favourable legislation and subsidies to private investors. Sports tourism increasingly recognised as having a profile capable of differentiating the tourism offer by exploiting hidden potential, whilst also helping to bring about a more sustainable development philosophy, despite some industry skepticism.
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Elf, Donaldson Evelina. "Visitor Perceptions of Authenticity and Commodification in Easter Island Cultural Heritage Tourism : Pride and Empowerment of the Rapanui." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412194.
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This study sought to analyze tourist perceptions of cultural heritage tourism on Easter Island, more specifically, how they perceived and valued the concept of ‘authenticity’ in representations of local Rapanui culture. By analyzing and categorizing trends found in Trip Advisor reviews left for 6 tourism businesses on the island (3 traditional performance venues and 3 guided tour companies), this primary research question was further broken down to assess 1) what factors in particular render an experience valuable and authentic to the tourist, 2) how tourists perceive indigenous Rapanui’s relationship to their own culture in the context of cultural tourism, and 3) if they perceive the industry as exploiting or empowering the Rapanui people. Ultimately the study uncovered the tendency for tourists to look to the transmitters of culture themselves (i.e. local performers, guides, company owners) when assessing the value and authenticity of their cultural experience, taking into account the transmitter’s indigenous heritage, cultural pride, knowledgeability, and openness and eagerness to share their culture with visitors (evident by the perceived passion with which they performed, or the personal storytelling and friendship evident in the guide-guest relationship). In addition to constructing value and authenticity, these qualities left visitors with the impression that local Rapanui are empowered by the industry and have agency over the manner in which their culture is showcased. The tourist’s search for meaning was also an important finding, as the majority either appreciated direct explanations about island culture and history, or created their own meaning when none was provided. While the scope of this study was limited to Easter Island, it has implications that may be applied to other destinations with indigenous, cultural tourism, as it very much speaks to the value that tourists place on cultural pride and preservation, community-based grassroots tourism, a desire for meaning and explanation, and consideration for the tourist’s own impact on the destination.
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MAGRIN, FEDERICO. "A value, a choice, a motivational force: the quest for authenticity in tourism through the lens of sustainability." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/331441.
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La ricerca dell'autenticità negli studi sul turismo è stata una delle questioni più interessanti e controverse per molti studiosi di diverse discipline. A partire dalla diffusione del turismo di massa, nei primi anni 60, passando per le trasformazioni del turismo avvenute nel corso degli ultimi decenni e gli importanti cambiamenti che hanno caratterizzato il mondo contemporaneo, l'attenzione per ciò che è autentico per il turista è stata oggetto di grande attenzione. Gli studi si sono sviluppati al fine di comprendere il comportamento dei turisti, le motivazioni dietro le loro scelte, e la relazione tra turisti e loro esperienze di viaggio.
Il discorso sociologico sull'autenticità è stato iniziato da Dean MacCannell all'interno di un quadro più ampio riguardante il rapporto tra turismo e modernità, ma negli anni è diventato più sofisticato con l’adozione di chiavi di lettura differenti: l'esperienza dell’autenticità e l'autenticità di un luogo, l'autenticità della conoscenza e l'autenticità delle sensazioni. Il discorso sull'autenticità è sempre stato strettamente legato alla dimensione della cultura, dell'incontro delle culture, dello scambio culturale e del rispetto della diversità. Inoltre, l'autenticità è diventata una qualità, e la sua espressione, artificiosa o naturale, continua ad essere un discorso aperto, che riguarda, tra gli altri, la sostenibilità e il turismo sostenibile.
Recentemente la sostenibilità è emersa come un obiettivo primario nel processo decisionale relativo al turismo. Gli attori del settore turistico, compresi i turisti e le comunità locali, sono ora molto più consapevoli dell'importanza della sostenibilità nel turismo rispetto al passato. Varie istituzioni, tra cui l'UNWTO, hanno dichiarato che il turismo deve diventare uno strumento efficace per lo sviluppo sostenibile per il raggiungimento degli SDGs.
Così, diventa cruciale chiarire come il concetto di autenticità, che ancora rappresenta una spinta significativa nelle scelte turistiche, si stia trasformando e stia penetrando nelle definizioni e pratiche del turismo sostenibile, con implicazioni tanto per le comunità ospitanti, quanto per i turisti e per l'industria del turismo.
Partendo da una ricerca bibliografica e dall'analisi delle convergenze tra i due termini, l'obiettivo dello studio è quello di guardare, oggi, all'autenticità e alla sua ricerca attraverso le lenti della sostenibilità, con un focus sulle implicazioni per le comunità ospitanti e per l'industria del turismo.
Prendendo in considerazione gli obiettivi della ricerca la sfida è stata quella di scegliere un metodo che permettesse di raccogliere le riflessioni degli esperti sull’oggetto di studio. Inoltr, la particolare situazione dovuta all'epidemia ha compromesso la possibilità di pianificare una ricerca sul campo e di spostarsi da un paese all'altro per raccogliere opinioni attraverso metodologie qualitative che richiedono una profonda interrelazione con i partecipanti allo studio.
Come risultato di questa situazione, in relazione all'obiettivo della ricerca e ai fattori esogeni, è stata identificata una metodologia qualitativa appropriata, il metodo Delphi.
La ricerca Delphi ha inteso esplorare la relazione tra autenticità e sostenibilità negli studi sul turismo; fornire gli elementi per osservare e delineare il concetto di autenticità attraverso la lente della sostenibilità; indagare se la ricerca di autenticità favorisce o impatta negativamente sulla sostenibilità; e guardare alle implicazioni per gli attori del turismo.
Alla fine, si propone un'interpretazione di questa relazione che guarda alla ricerca di autenticità come una ricerca di sostenibilità, valorizzando il ruolo del turismo verso il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di sostenibilità e verso pratiche per lo sviluppo sostenibile.The quest for authenticity in tourism studies has been on of the most interesting and controversial issue for many scholars from different disciplines. Starting from the diffusion of mass tourism, in the early 60s, passing through tourism transformations that occurred over the decades, alongside the important changes that have characterized the contemporary world, the attention for what is authentic for tourist has been highly investigated. This attention was taken in order to understand the behaviours of tourists, the motivational forces behind their choices and the relation between tourists and their travel experiences. The sociological discourse of authenticity was initiated by Dean MacCannell within a broader framework regarding the relationship between tourism and modernity but over the years became more sophisticated with the introduction of some distinctions: the experience of authenticity and the authenticity of a place, the authenticity of knowledge and the authenticity of feeling. The discourse on authenticity has always been strictly connected with the dimension of culture, meeting cultures, cultural exchange and respect of diversity. Moreover, authenticity became a quality, and its expression, contrived or natural, continues to be an open discourse, that concerns, among others, sustainability and sustainable tourism. Recently sustainability has emerged as a primary goal in tourism-related decision-making. Stakeholders in the tourism sector, including tourists and host communities, are now considerably more aware of the importance of sustainability in tourism than they were in the past. Institutions, as UNWTO, have declared that tourism has to become an effective tool for sustainable development for SDGs achievement. Thus, it becomes crucial to clarify how the concept of authenticity, which is still a significant drive in tourism, is being transformed and is penetrating in sustainable tourism definitions and practices, both for hosts, for tourists, and for tourism industry. Starting from this literature review and the analysis of the convergences among the two terms, the aim of the research is to look, nowadays, at authenticity and its quest with the lens of sustainability, with a focus on the implications both for host community and tourism industry. Taking into consideration the objectives of the research and given the opportunity to apply a qualitative methodology, the challenge has been to choose a method that allows us to bring together the reflections of experts on the topic of the research. Beyond this, the peculiar situation due the pandemic outbreak has compromised the opportunity to plan a field research and to move from one country to another in order to gather opinions by means of qualitative methodologies that need a deep interrelation with the participants of the study. As a result of this situation, in relation to the aim of the research and of exogenous factors, an appropriate qualitative methodology has been identified, the Delphi method. The Delphi research has intended to explore the relation between authenticity and sustainability in tourism studies; to provide the elements to observe and outline the concept of authenticity through the lens of sustainability; to investigate if the quest for authenticity contribute or detract from sustainability; and the implications for tourism actors. Finally it is proposed an interpretation of this relationship that looks at the quest for authenticity as a quest for sustainability, enhancing the role of tourism towards the achievement of sustainable objectives and sustainable development.
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Rodakopoulos, Athanasios. "A critical investigation of mass tourism engagement with place : the case of Halkidki, Greece." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2016. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/7073/.
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This project is about mass tourism engagement with place in Halkidiki, Greece. It seeks to understand in a critical way how mass tourists engage with place through their actual doings and their everyday practices and performances in Halkidiki. The study is routed in the understanding that mass tourism is an embodied act that is full of performances, doings and possibilities and that the holiday is not just 'passive' or 'package' but is alive and vivid. In doing so, I move away from social constructions of the mass tourist as a passive consumer, towards a more nuanced and critical understanding of the mass tourist as an active and embodied figure, one who participates in the lived moment of doing mass tourism and therefore engages with Halkidiki. Also, place is approached in this study not as an authentic and fixed entity with clear boundaries that is 'just there' waiting to be visited, but as a dynamic space created and recreated by the performances and mobilities of mass tourists.
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Coughlin, Depcinski Melanie Nichole. "Cruising for Culture: Mass Tourism and Cultural Heritage on Roatàn Island, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4458.
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This thesis examines the relationship between mass tourism and heritage tourism in the construction and perpetuation of histories and identities of local stakeholders on Roatàn Island, Honduras. I explore how identity is constructed by and through the tourism industry, and how much of the agency in forming identity and telling cultural stories resides in the hands of key stakeholders involved in the development of tourism on the island. Local cultural stories that focus on the people who live and have lived on the island for centuries are becoming increasingly silenced by a more commoditized, tourism driven, picture of life on Roatàn. Here, I examine how this silencing takes place, what its effects are on tourism and development, and consider what elements of the tourism industry have contributed to this silencing. On Roatàn, the issue of identity as interpreted through museums has become increasingly contested, as the tourism industry now controls the presentation of cultural and archaeological history of the island. This control influences how tourists visiting Roatàn interpret the past and present the heritage of local groups.
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Ueleni, Talaivosa. "Ecotourism development in the South Pacific Islands : a sustainable alternative for mass tourism in Fiji Islands /." Electronic version of summary Electronic version of examination, 2004. http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/gakui/gaiyo/3947.pdf.
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Talley, Edith M. "Language, Technology and the “They Self”: How Linguistic Manipulation of Mass and Social Media Distract from the Authentic Self." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/honors_theses/58.
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This thesis examines German philosopher Martin Heidegger’s concepts of being and time, the role of language in being, and ways of authentic being through the lens of modern media practices in the Information Age. It relates Heidegger’s philosophy to the media ecology theory introduced by Marshall McLuhan in the 1960s by exploring McLuhan’s themes of tribal, typographical and electronic man. In addition, this thesis considers the role of mass media in information dissemination. The goal of this report is to explicate the shaping effects of mass media, especially social media, on individual perceptions and societal culture and identify ways in which such shaping affects authentic ways of being.
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Hong, Ellen. "Understanding the Antecedents of Perceived Authenticity to Predict Cultural Tourists’ Behavioral Intention: The Case of Cambodia’s Angkor Wat." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1620270040944891.
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Weare, Andrea M. "Beauty work : a case study of digital video production and postfeminist practices on YouTube's Icon Network." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3213.
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This dissertation study explored women's labor in the beauty industries of the YouTube vlogosphere, specifically beauty video production on the ICON network, the beauty and lifestyle channel of YouTube entrepreneur Michelle Phan. Via a case study of ICON's YouTube creators and their video production, this dissertation explored female digital labor by interrogating gender, ethnicity, bodies, and power to address two interconnected elements situated particularly in the YouTube vlogosphere: beauty and entrepreneurship. The study's key research questions asked: In the transnational world of digital employment, what are the material and ideological complexities of beauty YouTubers' experiences? And how do YouTubers interpret their technical production, their beauty ideologies, their power, their authenticity, and the material outcomes of their production for themselves and others? Following an analysis of ICON as a company, interviews with its management and video creators, and its video products, the case study's findings reveal that while ICON recruits beauty creators to market on behalf of its retail partners, the creators see themselves as entrepreneurs who negotiate their own stances regarding their beauty ideals, user-generated content, (post)feminisms, and online authenticity.
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Havelková, Libuše. "Cestovní ruch a kulturní dědictví UNESCO." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72169.
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The aim of my diploma work is to evaluate the positives and negatives of the inclusion of tourist attractions, especially municipalities and their attractiveness to the UNESCO list, with examples from the Czech Republic, possibly also abroad. Our country is very rich in historical monuments. The most important of them are inscribed on the UNESCO list. After the Velvet Revolution tourism sharply increased, which resulted in not only the positives, but also negatives. Many dangers of unregulated tourism appeared. Management of tourist destinations must suppress the negative impacts of tourism on attractions and to ensure their sustainable development. I demonstrate this at the towns Telč and Český Krumlov.
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Persson, Martina, and Rashid Yakhyaev. "Autenticitet inom backpacking : En studie som undersöker autenticitet och hedonism inom backpacking." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38687.
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Denna studie undersöker autenticitet och hedonism inom backpacking. Postmodernismen har lett till en homogenisering gällandede destinationer som backpackers besöker och aktiviteter de utför. Autentiska upplevelser blir således svårare att hitta samt urskilja på grund av den rådande massturismen. Denna studie mäter svenska backpackers uppfattningar och beteenden gällande autenticitet, med hjälp av en enkätundersökning som besvaras av 203 respondenter. Datainsamlingen presenteras i form av tabeller samt beskrivande text och analyseras med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk som innefattar autenticitet, backpacking, hedonism samt välmående. Resultatet visar att svenska backpackers uppfattningar samt beteende har störst koppling till existentiell autenticitet och att den hedonistiska njutningen är en del av den moderna backpackern.This study explores authenticity and hedonism in backpacking. Postmodernism has led to a homogenization in regards to the destinations that backpackers visit and the activities they perform. Authentic experiences are thus much more difficult to find and discern due to the prevailing mass tourism. This study measures Swedish backpacker's perceptions and behaviors regarding authenticity, using a questionnaire survey that is answered by 203 participants. Data collection is presented in the form of tables and descriptive text that is analyzed using a theoretical framework which includes authenticity, backpacking, hedonism and well-being. The result shows that Swedish backpacker's perceptions and behaviors are most closely linked to existential authenticity and that hedonistic enjoyment is part of the modern backpacker.
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Xing, Yangang. "Exploring the sustainability of mass tourism in island tourist economies : a system dynamics approach." Thesis, University of Salford, 2006. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26972/.
Full textAbstract:
Assessing the economic, ecological and social impacts of tourism development has become a major activity within the tourism and sustainable development research communities. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the unique contributions of systems thinking and feedback control, which system dynamics can offer, in analysing policies for promoting sustainable tourism development. In this thesis, after a background of sustainable development and policy analysis issues and planning technologies, three main research results are achieved. Firstly, a generic model of a tourism system is created to capture the dynamic forces. A set of tests is carried out in order to improve confidence in the model. Those tests include model boundary test, a dimensional consistency test, a physical consistency test, parameter calibration against historical data, reality check, and sensitivity check. Secondly, a series of generic scenario simulation models targeting the most critical strategic issues or questions that a particular region, especially in an island tour destination, faces are developed and analysed. Finally, a micro world or management flight simulator is developed in order to better support collaborative tourism policy making. The generic model and the modelling process developed in this dissertation will have some applications to other sustainable development policy making projects.
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Lee, Hee-Jung. "Factors Affecting Tourists’ Preference for Organised Mass Tours: The South Korean Case." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367120.
Full textAbstract:
Organised mass tourists heavily rely on travel organisations and purchase holiday products that offer various elements including transportation, accommodation, meals, sightseeing activities, and tour guides who speak their language. Organised mass tourists are unlikely to have chance to experience authenticity and freedom at a destination, as they have to follow schedules which have been previously organised for the group by travel professionals. Despite perceived disadvantages, however, organised mass tours remain popular in South Korea with around half of South Korean travellers purchasing various types of mass tourism products. Previous studies have focused more on identifying ‘how’ mass tourists behave differently from independent travellers when travelling overseas. Relatively less attention has been paid to identifying reasons ‘why’ mass tourists behave differently from independent travellers. This study fills this gap by identifying important factors affecting South Korean tourists’ preference for mass tourism. The primary purpose of this research is to identify driving factors that encourage tourists to prefer organised mass tours in the South Korean context.
This research employed a mixed method approach by conducting two stages of research sequentially. Qualitative research was carried out during the first stage. A review of previous literature showed a lack of prior research into reasons why mass tourism continues to be preferred in Asian countries including South Korea. To gain a better insight into this topic, qualitative research was carried out through focus group interviews. Three interview sessions were held with experienced South Korean tourists and two sessions were conducted with travel industry experts. Based on the qualitative results and a review of the literature, a series of hypotheses was proposed along with the proposed framework of the study.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Han, Feng. "The Chinese view of nature : tourism in China's scenic and historic interest areas." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16480/1/Feng_Han_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Tourism has greatly increased world wide in recent decades, especially in China.
Nature-dominated Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, representative of the Chinese philosophy of the 'oneness of nature and human beings', are the most popular tourism destinations in China. Tourism impacts in these areas have been receiving the attention of heritage landscape conservation. Management actions have largely been determined with an emphasis on natural values. This thesis maintains that values relating to nature are socially and culturally constructed, and that they dynamically change through history. By investigating the social and cultural structures underpinning values related to nature, a macro-history method has been applied to explore the traditional Chinese View of nature from traditional Chinese philosophies and landscape cultures. An instrumental case study method has been applied to explore the contemporary Chinese values of nature. The relationships between traditional values and contemporary values have been identified. It was found that the traditional Chinese values still have a profound influence today, although many aspects have been distorted. Historic high culture in natural areas has been replaced by mass tourism culture and Western values. The research also found that today's values are more socially and politically contested. It has been revealed that there are deep social, cultural, economic and political roots underlying heritage conservation management actions. Changing and contested values have been interpreted from these perspectives. The values inherent in the Chinese View of nature, such as holistic philosophical perspectives, sophisticated Chinese landscape languages, and evolving living landscapes, have been identified. The contributions of these values to relevant theories of environmental philosophy, cultural landscape, national park tourism and heritage conservation have been identified by this research. The implications for multi-cultural dialogues in heritage landscape conservation have been addressed.
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Han, Feng. "The Chinese view of nature : tourism in China's scenic and historic interest areas." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16480/.
Full textAbstract:
Tourism has greatly increased world wide in recent decades, especially in China. Nature-dominated Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, representative of the Chinese philosophy of the 'oneness of nature and human beings', are the most popular tourism destinations in China. Tourism impacts in these areas have been receiving the attention of heritage landscape conservation. Management actions have largely been determined with an emphasis on natural values. This thesis maintains that values relating to nature are socially and culturally constructed, and that they dynamically change through history. By investigating the social and cultural structures underpinning values related to nature, a macro-history method has been applied to explore the traditional Chinese View of nature from traditional Chinese philosophies and landscape cultures. An instrumental case study method has been applied to explore the contemporary Chinese values of nature. The relationships between traditional values and contemporary values have been identified. It was found that the traditional Chinese values still have a profound influence today, although many aspects have been distorted. Historic high culture in natural areas has been replaced by mass tourism culture and Western values. The research also found that today's values are more socially and politically contested. It has been revealed that there are deep social, cultural, economic and political roots underlying heritage conservation management actions. Changing and contested values have been interpreted from these perspectives. The values inherent in the Chinese View of nature, such as holistic philosophical perspectives, sophisticated Chinese landscape languages, and evolving living landscapes, have been identified. The contributions of these values to relevant theories of environmental philosophy, cultural landscape, national park tourism and heritage conservation have been identified by this research. The implications for multi-cultural dialogues in heritage landscape conservation have been addressed.
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Nguyen, Thi Hong Lam. "Cultural sustainability and resilience in the context of tourism : A case study of Hue, Vietnam." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445256.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural heritage confronts the notion of change, both in the development process and in the tourism context. In the tourism context, as being used as a unique selling point, it is unavoidable that cultural heritage facing commercialisation and commodification, or even vulgarisation due to being forced to change to meet the market demand and tourists’ expectations. Hence, the question is, if changing is inevitable, what are the potential risks that cultural heritage might face in the tourism context, and how to maintain its significance, which are attractions for tourists in the first place? The overall aim of the study was to use the notion of change as a lens to investigate the concept of authenticity as well as the relation between sustainability and resilience in culture. The study's objectives approached based on a qualitative method, with semi-structured interviews focusing on the perspective of the cultural heritage community – a group of people who work closely with cultural heritage - local community, practitioners, researchers, authorised agency, and tourism stakeholders. Concerning cultural heritage's interpretation based on its existing definition, the intertwined and interdependent relationship between the tangible and intangible aspects of cultural heritage was investigated. An authentication process was introduced. Resilience thinking in culture was given as proposals. In this study, a case study in Hue, Vietnam with two examples – Nhã nhạc (the court music) and áo dài (long dress or tunic) were examined regarding the notion of change in relation to the concept of authenticity, sustainability and resilience.
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Fernandez, Grijalva Nicia Ivonne. "Pro-environmental Behavior in Mass Tourism : Testing manipulation techniques in tourists for "voluntary" sustainable actions." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65753.
Full textAbstract:
Five suggested experiments from tested Pro-environmental behavior change studies made in different advance economy countries were applied in the emerging economy tourist destination: Samalayuca Sand Dunes Park in Ciudad Juárez, Chih. México. Results show that promoting connectivity between the tourist and the destination, framing actions for tourists who are not aware about sustainable practices, encouraging sustainable actions with non monetary incentives, and reminding tourists faults against the environment are sucessful techniques to enhance pro-environmental behaviors in tourists; while a combination of these practices may enhance positive spillover to increase such actions and thus, helping to close the ”holiday” gap or the unsustainable behavior tourists show during travel.Cinco experimentos para un comportamiento pro-ambiental sugeridos por diferentes estudios en la materia, son aplicados al destino turístico de Las Dunas de Samalayuca en el municipio de Juárez, Chih. México. Los resultados prueban que la conección entre el turista y la comunidad que visita, junto con la delimitación de acciones pro-ambientales, la promoción de acciones sustentables con actividades no monetarias, y el recordar las faltas anti-sustentables en el pasado, son ténicas que funcionan para motivar al turista a tener un comportamiento pro-ambiental (en este caso, no tirar basura). Los resultados también muestran que una combinación de éstos experimentos promueve la realización de acciones sustentables más complicadas o con mayor responsabilidad, como recoger la basura de otros, o el reciclaje.
The presentation was given as ViVA, were all opponents and exponents were students.
Pro-environmental behavior in masses