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Journal articles on the topic 'Autarchia'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

A'Hearn, Brian. "Von der Autarkie zum Wirtschaftswunder: Wirtschaftspolitik und industrieller Wandel in Italien 1935–1963. By Rolf Petri. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 2001. Pp. 534." Journal of Economic History 63, no. 1 (March 2003): 261–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050703301809.

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Italy's transformation in little more than a century from a backward, agricultural periphery to one of the world's leading countries is one of economic history's success stories. Especially successful were the "economic miracle" years of 1950–1963, during which Italy maintained rates of growth second only to those of Japan and Germany and largely completed the structural transition to a modern, industrial economy. Rolf Petri argues that this success was built on a foundation laid in the 1930s and '40s by the fascist policy of autarchia. Autarchy policy identified and gave a decisive push to precisely those industries that proved most dynamic in the economic miracle. Employing a wide range of tools, from macroeconomic policy, through administrative control of foreign trade and the allocation of credit, to direct participation in the form of state-owned enterprises, the fascist regime created and nurtured firms, supported research and development activities, and encouraged investment in new physical plant and licensing of foreign technology. While the author eschews any statements about whether autarchia was necessary, good, or efficient and does not hide its shortcomings and failures, the flavor of this account is nonetheless positive. This contrasts with most other assessments, which have deemed autarchy policy contradictory and ad hoc, the cause of enormous waste and gross misallocation of resources.

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2

Rossi, Catharine. "Il Design Italiano Oltre le Crisi: Autarchia, Austerità, Autoproduzione. Italian Design Beyond the Crisis: Autarky, Austerity, Autonomy:." Journal of Design History 28, no. 3 (August 10, 2015): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jdh/epv023.

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3

Davidde Elio. "Il riconoscimento dell'autorità accessoria della FCC da parte della Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti: convergenza con l'applicazione della teoria dei poteri impliciti nel diritto brasiliano." International Journal of Science and Society 4, no. 4 (October 14, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i4.550.

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Questo rapporto mette a confronto gli istituti di autorità accessorie ei poteri impliciti nello sviluppo della teoria sulle competenze amministrative delle agenzie di regolamentazione brasiliane. La definizione della giurisdizione accessoria della FCC è stata descritta sulla base delle sentenze della Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti e della Corte d'Appello del Distretto di Columbia. Sono state presentate lezioni dottrinali e dichiarazioni dei Ministri della Corte Suprema Federale brasiliana sul riconoscimento dei poteri impliciti al necessario adempimento dei doveri legali. Risultati – È stata dimostrata la confluenza di questi due filoni teorici per il riconoscimento di competenze non direttamente espresse dalle agenzie di regolamentazione. L'opera contribuisce al riconoscimento delle competenze dell'agenzia di regolamentazione delle telecomunicazioni brasiliana che, sebbene non espressamente previste, emergono come un imperativo per l'adempimento delle responsabilità direttamente attribuite dalla legge a tale autarchia. L'articolo presenta un istituto giuridico attuale di tradizione nordamericana la cui applicazione all'area delle telecomunicazioni brasiliana non è ancora risolta, nonostante la sua compatibilità con concetti già accettati nel diritto brasiliano.

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4

Cerretano, Valerio. "Autarchia, fibre tessili artificiali e la cellulosa italiana. La creazione della SAICI e gli investimenti all'estero della Snia Viscosa, 1934-1965." IMPRESE E STORIA, no. 43 (October 2021): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/isto2021-043004.

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5

Corralo, Giovani Da Silva, and Carlos Manuel dos Santos Teixeira. "Poder municipal e autárquico: análise comparada de elementos do poder local no Brasil e em Angola / Municipal and autarchy power: comparative analysis of elements of local power in Brazil and Angola." REVISTA QUAESTIO IURIS 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 1999–2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2022.61307.

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ResumoA presente pesquisa tem por objetivo o estudo comparado do poder municipal brasileiro e do poder autárquico angolano, importantíssimas estruturas do poder local. Enquanto o município brasileiro possui quase 200 anos de desenvolvimento num Estado independente, as autarquias angolanas se encontram em processo de implementação num Estado que alcançou a independência há menos de meio século. Ademais, os municípios brasileiros se constituem em realidade fática, enquanto que as autarquias angolanas serão implementadas no curto prazo, a dispor, por enquanto, do seu arcabouço normativo. Utiliza-se o método dedutivo e pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a perscrutar a hipótese de uma elevada autonomia autárquica e municipal, comparativamente. Para tanto, se analisa o desenvolvimento dessas instituições com base nas respectivas constituições, levando-se em consideração as diferentes tipologias de Estado. Na sequência, analisa-se, concretamente, a autonomia do poder municipal e autárquico, nas dimensões auto-organizatória, política, administrativa, legislativa e financeira. Os resultados demonstram as aproximações e diferenças nas realidades comparadas, a concluir que as respectivas distinções refletem as particularidades e singularidades do poder municipal e autárquico, confirmando-se, em parte, a hipótese.Palavras-chave: Autarquias locais angolanas; município brasileiro; poder local. AbstractThe present research has as objective the comparative study of the Brazilian municipal power and the Angolan autarchic power, very important structures of the local power. While the Brazilian municipality has almost 200 years of development in an independent State, Angolan autarchies are in the process of being implemented in a State that achieved independence less than half a century ago. Furthermore, Brazilian municipalities are a factual reality, while Angolan autarchies will be implemented in the short term, with their regulatory framework available for the time being. The deductive method and bibliographical and documental research are used, to investigate the hypothesis of a high municipal and municipal autonomy, comparatively. Therefore, the development of these institutions is analyzed based on their respective constitutions, taking into account the different types of State. In the sequence, the autonomy of the municipal and autarchic power is analysed, concretely, in the self-organizing, political, administrative, legislative and financial dimensions. The results demonstrate the approximations and differences in the compared realities, concluding that the respective differences reflect the particularities and singularities of municipal and autarchic power, confirming, in part, the hypothesis.Keywords: Angolan local autarchies; Brazilian municipalities; local power.

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6

Ferenț, Darius-Antoniu. "Closed Economies, Autarchy – Failure and Economic Disaster." Cunoașterea Științifică 1, no. 2 (December 2022): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.58679/cs50603.

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Autarchy is an economic system in which the state refuses any commercial connection with the outside, solely relying on its own resources. In an autarchic economy, the state does not participate in the international economic life, is not part of any regional and/or global economic organization and does not export or import goods. The characteristics of a closed, autarchic economy are: 1). the state does not take into account the progress of the world economy, 2). the state lacks involvement in the international economy, 3). economic independence is pursued by drastically reducing or canceling imports and exports, 4). the state solely relies on its own resources. This economic system can lead to: a). a pronounced economic decline, due to the impossibility of the state to provide the necessary goods and services for the population’s livelihood, b). a decrease in national incomes, considerable decrease in GDP, c). an increase in the state’s access to domestic natural resources, which in turn leads to an increased chance of their depletion, d). social instability.

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7

Grassi, Martin. "El paradigma bio-teo-político de la autarquía y la paradoja del Dios viviente." Cuestiones Teológicas 48, no. 109 (2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18566/cueteo.v48n109.a04.

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In the Western tradition, life has been defined within the idea of reflexivity and unity. These two features of life are intertwined in what I call the Bio-Theo-Political Paradigm of autarchy, in which living beings are defined primarily as self-sufficient entities. The perfect living being, thus, will be the most autarchic, one that can achieve perfect unity within its own self- referred dynamics. This perfect living being is God, and Western theology (both Greek and Christian) conceptualized God as “thought of thought”, for only the intellect can achieve a pure reflexive unity. However, Plotinus and Jean-Paul Sartre (two very different philosophers, coming from very different traditions and in very different contexts) showed the difficulties of such a definition of God. This paper aims at problematizing the Bio-Theo-Political Paradigm of autarchy by showing its inconsistency when reaching the idea of a perfect living being. In doing so, a need to rethink life and God is fostered, a need that Christian Theology in particular should face in order to build a theology of a Trinitarian living God.

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8

Calascibetta, Franco. "Autarchia e multinazionali: Casi di imprese estere del settore chimico in Italia durante il Fascismo [Autarky and multinationals: Cases of foreign companies in Italy's chemical sector during Fascism] ed. by Marco Bertilorenzi." Technology and Culture 63, no. 4 (October 2022): 1248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2022.0193.

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9

Sánchez-García, Elena, José-Miguel Martinez-Carrión, Jose Manuel Terán, and Carlos Varea. "Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain: Height, Weight and Body Mass Index of Conscripts in the City of Madrid, 1955–1974." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 12885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412885.

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Typifying historical populations using anthropometric indicators such as height, BMI and weight allows for an analysis of the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition. This study evaluates secular changes in height, weight and body mass for men cohorts at 21 years old, born between 1934 and 1954 who were called up between 1955 and 1974, in the city of Madrid, Spain. In this study we prove the hypothesis that anthropometric variables increase thanks to improvement in diet and significant investments in hygiene and health infrastructure during the 1960s. The results of our analysis show a positive secular change in the trends for height (an increase of 4.67 cm), weight (6.400 kg) and BMI (0.90 Kg/m2), the result of a recovery in standards of living following the war and the autarchy of the 1940s. We also observed a slight trend towards obesity and a reduction in underweight categories at the end of the period is also observed. In conclusion, the secular trends of anthropometric variables in the city of Madrid reflect the recovery of living standards after the deterioration of the nutritional status suffered during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and the deprivation of the autarchic period.

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10

Mohné, Achim. "FIREFLIES: An Energy-Autarchic Land Media Sculpture." Leonardo 38, no. 1 (February 2005): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2005.38.1.10.

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11

Baier, Kurt. "Autarchy, Reason, and Commitment." Ethics 100, no. 1 (October 1989): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/293147.

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12

d'Oria, Domenico. "Fascisme et autarcie linguistique." Mots 11, no. 1 (1985): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mots.1985.1204.

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13

Claus, Jurgen. ""The Solar Crystal": An Energy Autarchic Sun Sculpture." Leonardo 29, no. 1 (1996): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1576280.

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14

Swazo, Norman K. "polypragmon or apragmon or autarchos?" International Studies in Philosophy 30, no. 4 (1998): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/intstudphil19983047.

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15

Alves, Pedro de Oliveira, and Andreas Joachim Krell. "Zonas de Autarquia na Argumentação Jurídica do STF." Revista Direito e Práxis 13, no. 4 (December 2022): 2444–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2021/56856.

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Resumo Esta é uma investigação sobre as “mutações constitucionais” na argumentação jurídica desenvolvida no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), problematizando a transformação de sentido de algumas normas jurídicas como o princípio republicano no julgamento da QO-AP 937. A pesquisa discute a adoção metodológica das “figuras de perversão”, problematizando as vantagens e limites da tese das “zonas de autarquia ou arbitrariedade” na argumentação de José Rodrigo Rodriguez sobre o pensamento de Franz Neumann.

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16

Madden-Hallett, Helen, John Hall, and Wayne Binney. "The Creation of Effective Learners Using an Autarchic Study Method." International Journal of Learning: Annual Review 12, no. 12 (2007): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v12i12/45040.

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17

Perkins, John. "Nazi Autarchic Aspirations and the Beet-Sugar Industry, 1933-9." European History Quarterly 20, no. 4 (October 1990): 497–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026569149002000403.

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18

Spiecker, Ben, Doret De Ruyter, and Jan Steutel. "Taking the right to exit seriously." Theory and Research in Education 4, no. 3 (November 2006): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878506069102.

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Both diversity and autonomy liberals agree that adults have the right to exit from voluntary associations. As children do not have this right, the paradoxical character of the upbringing of children in fundamentalist and ultra-orthodox communities is evident. Diversity liberals like Galston and Spinner-Halev seem to take an ambivalent position with regard to the right to exit, because they want to defend both the child’s future right to exit, which requires particular capacities, as well as the parental right to upbringing according to their conception of the good even if this undermines the required capacities. We defend that people need to be at least autarchic, that is self-determining and morally accountable, in order to be able to exercise their right to exit. Since this right is a civic freedom right, the state has the right and duty to ensure that children will be able to develop into autarchic persons. Therefore, our claim is that school education should aim for minimal autonomy and that such education should be compulsory. We argue that this will not undermine legitimate diversity and therefore that Galston and Spinner-Halev should be able to take an unequivocal position.

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19

Husson, Suzanne. "Autarcie du Bien et dépendance de l’être?" Chôra 15 (2017): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chora2017/201815/164.

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20

Nicolau, Felix. "ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLISM AS INTERSEMIOTIC TRANSLATION:." Belas Infiéis 3, no. 1 (October 8, 2014): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/belasinfieis.v3.n1.2014.11261.

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Campus novels describe isolated, almost autarchic utopias. In Malcolm Bradbury’s The History Man, this utopia is projected into a dystopian dimension by a functional and transparent architecture. The epoch is that of radical sociologists who fight against tradition, memory, privacy, and subtlety. The paper analyses the influence architecture can have on people’s minds and behaviours, or the damages inflicted by concrete-and-steel structures upon human configuration. This is a study about the excesses of structure.

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21

Bookman, Milica Zarkovic. "The economic basis of regional autarchy in Yugoslavia." Soviet Studies 42, no. 1 (January 1990): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668139008411854.

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22

Szlajfer, Feliks. "Dependencia y espacio en Costa Rica." Estudios Latinoamericanos 15 (December 31, 1992): 119–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios1992.v15.art3.

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Abstract/description: The article is an analysis of the tendencies in spatial distribution of the mechanisms working in the economies that can be regarded as peripheral, or dependent. According to Szlajfer, economic mechanisms exists that influence the geography of development. The mechanisms relate to the separation of space with "autarchic" economy and area with economy that is related to foreign exchange. He presents a historical overview of economic development in Costarica as an example of such mechanism. Short description written by Michał Gilewski

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Piettre, Renée. "Epicure, dieu et image de dieu : une autarcie extatique." Revue de l'histoire des religions 216, no. 1 (1999): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rhr.1999.1110.

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24

Sarris, Peter. "REHABILITATING THE GREAT ESTATE: ARISTOCRATIC PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE LATE ANTIQUE EAST." Late Antique Archaeology 2, no. 1 (2004): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000021.

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This article argues that recent emphasis on late antique economic expansion in the eastern Mediterranean and the prosperity of the peasantry of the East Roman empire has led historians to underestimate the economic importance of great estates owned by members of the imperial service aristocracy. This tendency has been exacerbated by the misleading testimony of early Byzantine saints’ lives, and an assumption that great estates were inherently autarchic and economically regressive. Rather, the evidence of the papyri and imperial legislation on the colonate would suggest that such great estates were highly commodified and monetised enterprises that contributed to economic growth.

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25

Rindom, Ditlev. "Dreams of Iberia." Cambridge Opera Journal 32, no. 1 (March 2020): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954586720000129.

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‘Spain is different’, the Spanish tourist board famously declared in the 1960s as part of its strategy to attract mass tourism to the country. The campaign played a key role in opening up Spain's economy during the later years of Franco's regime – the so-called apertura – following two decades of autarchic rule that had left the country geopolitically isolated. As the slogan suggested, however, exoticism was a key part of Spain's nation-branding. Ideas of Spanish difference were now marketed for their tourist appeal, with images of gypsies and flamenco joined by sizzling beaches and ice-cold sangria.

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26

Hancke, Bob. "Many roads to flexibility: how large firms built autarchic regional production systems in France." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 27, no. 3 (September 2003): 510–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.00464.

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27

Saraiva, Tiago, and M. Norton Wise. "Autarky/Autarchy: Genetics, Food Production, and the Building of Fascism." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 40, no. 4 (2010): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2010.40.4.419.

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28

Klinova, M., and E. Sidorova. "Economic Sanctions and EU-Russia Economic Relations." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2014): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-12-67-79.

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The economic effect of EU sanctions against Russia and the retaliatory measures undertaken by Russia are examined. Sanctions fit into the logic of the destructive economic patriotism, which has gained ground under the influence of globalization in the XXI century. This type of patriotism generates autarchy and affects economic development prospects.

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Cayon, Edgardo, and Susan Thorp. "Financial Autarchy as Contagion Prevention: The Case of Colombian Pension Funds." Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 50, sup3 (May 2014): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ree1540-496x5003s307.

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30

Kudaisya, Medha. "“The Promise of Partnership”: Indian Business, the State, and the Bombay Plan of 1944." Business History Review 88, no. 1 (2014): 97–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680513001426.

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This article recounts the story of the Bombay Plan of 1944, a bold vision of economic transformation for postwar India put forth by business leaders. The Plan represented a turning point in the history of Indian business. It marked the institutionalization of a long relationship between business and nationalist leadership as well as a historic moment when business groups, for the first time, unhesitatingly aligned themselves with nationalist aspirations. Underlying the Bombay Plan was the idea of a close partnership between business and the state. Yet, within a decade, this optimism died out as the autarchic features of economic policy became increasingly pronounced in independent India. The story of the Bombay Plan provides an insight into the relations between business and state in the context of development planning in India.

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Trachtman, Joel P. "Functionalism, Fragmentation, and the Future of International (Trade) Law." Journal of World Investment & Trade 20, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340121.

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Abstract International law addresses the relationship between autarchic national public policy, including but not limited to national economic policy, and international cooperation. This address makes three related points. First, in order to achieve efficient levels and types of international cooperation, it will be necessary to overcome international legal fragmentation, both in international legislation and in international adjudication. Second, WTO dispute settlement has avoided making cross-sectoral trade-offs that would effectively overcome fragmentation, in part because it generally avoids evaluation of regulatory rationales, and in part because its mandate does not allow application of international law beyond the WTO covered agreements. Third, even if we overcame the fragmentation problem in legislation and adjudication, we would still need to move toward majority voting to reach an efficient level of international law-making.

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Florensa, Clara, and Xavier Roqué. "The cultural significance of physics and evolution in Francoist Spain: continuity and development in the autarchic period." Culture & History Digital Journal 10, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): e003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2021.003.

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Science took on several distinct uses and meanings under Francoism. It was exhibited as a token of intellectual prowess, deployed as a mighty diplomatic tool, applied as a resource for industry, and invoked in support of National Catholicism. However, in order to successfully fulfill all these roles, science had first to be cleansed and purified, for it was historically bound to materialism, atheism, and positivism. Physics had developed a mechanical worldview that precluded spiritual agency, and the theory of evolution had deprived man of his privileged place in nature. Could these developments be reversed? Classical physics would not easily serve the needs of the new National Catholic state, but modern physics might do, acting as a model and a tool for biological reasoning. In this paper we describe the various attempts by Spanish scientists, philosophers, and intellectuals to enlist modern physics and a revised version of evolution in the construction of the new regime. They strove to show their spiritual value, to sever them from a soul-less modernity, and to reinstate them within a grand universal Catholic tradition. We discuss the import of their arguments for the simultaneous debates about time, space, matter, life, and evolution, exploring the affinities and tensions between the inert and the living world.

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Lucarelli, F., S. Nava, G. Calzolai, M. Chiari, M. Giannoni, R. Traversi, and R. Udisti. "On the autarchic use of solely PIXE data in particulate matter source apportionment studies by receptor modeling." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 363 (November 2015): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2015.08.019.

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Magalhães, Justino. "Municípios e História da Educação." Cadernos de História da Educação 18, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/che-v18n1-2019-2.

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A história da educação tem-se aberto a novas temáticas, a domínios científicos em construção, a perspetivas inter e transdisciplinares, pela via da educação (como campo de representação, investigação e acção, vasto e polissémico) e pela epistemologia. A história dos municípios na educação vem constituindo uma área historiográfica onde cruzam distintos tempos e distintos quadros de acção ordenados pela centralidade do local e normalizados pela institucionalidade política, administrativa, educativa. Há uma institucionalidade municipal. A soberania do município associada à perspectiva desenvolvimentista, conciliando identidade e mobilização sociocultural, encontrou na educação uma base sociocultural de costumes, valores e práticas, e na escola um meio de integração e normalização, que configuram a autarcia local como município pedagógico. Neste texto, após uma sistematização de algumas linhas historiográficas, faço referência breve à História dos Municípios na Educação.

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35

Wedell, George. "Prospects for Television in Europe." Government and Opposition 29, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 315–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1994.tb01224.x.

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The Classical Model for Broadcasting Structures in Europe is one based on national autarchy and linguistic exclusivity. The model derives from the introduction of radio broadcasting in the 1920s. As always in the field of communications, developments art supply-led rather than demand-led. Thus the early radio manufacturers established local radio stations to demonstrate their new equipment at a time when governments had not formulated any policies to deal with the new phenomenon.

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36

Mead, Henry. "David Ashford, <em>Autarchies: The Invention of Selfishness</em>." Affirmations: of the modern 7, no. 1 (May 23, 2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.57009/am.118.

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37

Da Silva, Antonio Raimundo Amorin, Gabriela de Mattos Veroneze, Marcelo Albuquerque De Oliveira, and Jordania Louse Silva Alves. "Management and Mapping of Processes: A Case Study in a Federal Autarchy." European Journal of Business and Management Research 7, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.4.1534.

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This research aims to analyze a process management model with the purpose of improving organizational efficiency in a Human Resources Sector of a Federal Autarchy. The methodology uses the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) and the Bizagi Modeler. The goal is to obtain process models through BPM (Business Process Management) using PDCA, an effective tool for solving problems whose methodology is a simple way to plan, put into practice, control, and act on failures, and can be used for maintenance and improvement of the control guidelines of a process. This study can be classified as applied research, in terms of nature, exploratory in terms of its objectives, quantitative in terms of its approach. As a result, the modeling of three processes was done and used as a reference for future studies in the same sector. The results were satisfactory, and some improvements should be implemented.

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38

Kontio, Kimmo. "The Idea of Autarchy in Rousseau's Natural Education: Recovering the natural harmony?" Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 47, no. 1 (March 2003): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00313830308610.

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39

Coelho, Paul Andre da Fonseca Moreira. "Contributions to the Adoption of a Service-Oriented Architecture in an Autarchy." American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 3, no. 4 (2014): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20140304.12.

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Aitor Anduaga. "Autarchy, Ideology, and Technology Transfer in the Spanish Oil Industry, 1939–1960." Comparative Technology Transfer and Society 7, no. 2 (2009): 172–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ctt.0.0030.

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Simon, Danielle. "From Radio to Radio-visione." Representations 151, no. 1 (2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2020.151.1.1.

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This article investigates a series of experimental television broadcasts undertaken by Italian Fascism’s national broadcasting entity, the Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche, in the years leading up to the Second World War. It explores both the official autarchical policies and the technological limitations that shaped the radio network’s early experiments with television to show that producers’ attitudes regarding medium specificity shaped decisions about programming and musical content. It then suggests that these early sorties into televisual broadcasting left traces that can be seen in the style and political clout of Italian television even today.

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Costa Pinto, Antonio. "O Estado Novo — das origens ao fim da autarcia (1926-1959), 2 vols, Lisbonne, 1987, 806 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 43, no. 3 (June 1988): 690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900143574.

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Bachiller Canal, David. "The International Trade Fair in Barcelona in 1942: a Look at Furniture in the Franco Era." Res Mobilis 10, no. 13-2 (June 14, 2021): 303–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/rm.10.13-2.2021.303-327.

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This article studies the furniture present at the Xth Barcelona International Trade Fair in 1942, the first one after the Civil War. It is important to point out that the Franco regime tried to use this Fair as a propaganda device, as well as to reactivate the local and national economy, and internationalize the autarchic industries. The study focuses on the wood industry and the commercial and aesthetic relations with all invited countries, as well as with the Moroccan protectorate, and with Equatorial Guinea (a Spanish colony at the time, and source of exotic woods). The study also delves into the relationships between various local decoration and furniture companies and the Fair. In addition, it aims to create a typology of the different pieces of furniture that appeared at the event to draw a working hypothesis about the evolution of furniture during this period.

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Müller, Christel. "(De)constructing Politeia: Reflections on Citizenship and the Bestowal of Privileges upon Foreigners in Hellenistic Democracies." Annales (English ed.) 69, no. 03 (September 2014): 533–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200000881.

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AbstractsThis article revisits the notion of citizenship (politeia) in the ancient Greek world, challenging the traditional conception, based principally on the works of Aristotle, that defines citizenship in terms of political participation. It considers the numerous decrees issued during the Hellenistic period bestowing legal privileges upon foreign benefactors (such as the right to own property, to trade, to enter into a legal marriage, to be exempted from certain taxes, and so on). If the Classical period’s tripartite division of status (citizens, resident aliens, and slaves) remained valid during the Hellenistic period and provided the “infrastructure” of civic societies, the system of privileges established by cities to honor deserving foreigners created a “concatenation” of different positions, which, without calling the hierarchy of legal statuses into question, introduced social fluidity into an interconnected world that was far removed from the Platonic and Aristotelian ideals of the autarchic city.

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Węsierski, Michał. "Autarchy of Political Science and the Methodological Functions of Object Knowledge. Epistemological Analysis." Polish Political Science Yearbook 49, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020411.

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Belloc, Marianna, and Samuel Bowles. "Persistence and Change in Culture and Institutions under Autarchy, Trade, and Factor Mobility." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 9, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 245–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20160079.

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Differences among nations in culture (preferences including social norms) and institutions (contracts) may result in specialization and gains from trade even in the absence of exogenous differences in factor endowments or technologies. Goods differ in the kinds of contracts that are appropriate for their production, and so strategic complementarities between contracts and social norms may result in a multiplicity of cultural-institutional equilibria. The resulting country differences in culture and institutions provide the basis for comparative advantage. In our evolutionary model of endogenous preferences and institutions, transitions among persistent cultural-institutional configurations occur as a result of decentralized and uncoordinated contractual or behavioral innovations by employers or employees. We show that the gains from trade raise the cost of deviations from the prevailing culture and institutions. As a result, trade liberalization impedes decentralized transitions, even to Pareto-improving cultural-institutional configurations. International factor mobility has the opposite effect. (JEL D02, D86, F11, F21, J41, O43, Z13)

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Douros, Dimitris, and Dimitris Angelis-Dimakis. "Perceptions and Uses of the Land: Agrarian Rhetoric and Agricultural Policy in Greece under Metaxas’ Regime (1936-1941)." Perspectivas - Journal of Political Science 25 (December 17, 2021): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/perspectivas.3208.

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This paper aims to explore the ways in which the concepts of ’Nature’ and ’Land’ were incorporated and mobilized in the rhetoric of the dictatorial regime established in Greece by Ioannis Metaxas on August 4, 1936. Firstly, it examines the links between the construction of a national landscape and the emergence of a novel nationalist ideology in interwar Greece. Then, it looks into different ways in which politicized ideas of nature informed agronomic researches and practices and were translated in Metaxas’ political thought and policies. These ideological connotations of Land and Nature inscribe themselves in the philosophical and economic doctrine of the ’peasantist nationalism’. Based mostly on radical agrarianism and neo-romanticism, this discourse gained momentum in the early 1930s and permeated autarchic economic and agrarian policies, especially after the collapse of parliamentary rule. Along those lines, Metaxas’ dictatorship and its perceptions of the environment arguably align with features and trajectories of the authoritarian regimes that flourished all around Europe in the interwar period.

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Korobkov, A. V. "The COVID-19 Pandemic, Donald Trump, and the Future of American Politics." Journal of International Analytics 11, no. 1 (March 28, 2020): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2020-11-1-42-57.

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The United States of America was disproportionally severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current crisis exposed significant flaws in the national health care system and provoked a serious socio-economic crisis. The health care scare overlaps with the ongoing presidential electoral campaign and the extreme political polarization of the country, leading to the politicization of discussions regarding the ways and means of resolving the health care crisis and complicating the process of decision making. The pandemic is also enhancing the autarchic tendencies in the US foreign policy and it’s the increasingly anti-Chinese orientation that became visible during Donald Trump’s White House tenure. Even under these circumstances, the American elites were able to negotiate several stabilization measures designed to deal with the medical and socio-economic aspects of the current crisis. Their willingness and ability to continue such collaboration in the future will have a direct bearing on the US socio-economic and political stability.

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Donnelly, Jack. "Rethinking political structures: from ‘ordering principles’ to ‘vertical differentiation’ – and beyond." International Theory 1, no. 1 (March 2009): 49–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971909000037.

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‘Structure’ in the discipline of International Relations, for all the criticism of Kenneth Waltz’ work, still typically means the Waltzian triad of ordering principles, functional differentiation, and distribution of capabilities. I argue, however, that this triad not only does not in Waltz’ particular presentation but cannot provide an adequate account of political structures. In its place I sketch a five-part framework of the elements of political structures. Three types of structural differentiation are identified: vertical differentiation, which establishes hierarchical ranking; horizontal differentiation, which establishes non-hierarchical segmentation; and unit differentiation, which assigns certain types of actors a privileged status. Two dimensions of structural elaboration are also identified: norms and institutions and technology and geography. This framework highlights the central place of ranking in international political structures, developing a tripartite account of ‘ordering principles’ that identifies autarchic, single-hierarchic, and heterarchic systems. It also draws attention to the diversity of international orders and opens structural analysis to the concerns and contributions of constructivism.

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Cunha, Paulo Ferreira da. "PUNITIVISMO & PARTICULARISMO NO OCASO PÓSMODERNO." Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) 18, no. 27 (April 14, 2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.12662/2447-6641oj.v18i27.p154-169.2020.

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O presente artigo chama a atenção para a necessidade de o Direito manter a sua vocação universalista, por meio de comandos que classicamente eram tidos por gerais e abstratos. Esse universalismo sublinha que, sem prejuízo da Equidade, a Lei é igual para todos. Contra essa visão geral, que se poderia considerar de inspiração clássica, cristã, humanista, iluminista, veteroliberal (o contrário de neoliberal), democrática e social (ou seja, com a mesma origem do Estado Constitucional), têm surgido formas de autarcia legal, particularismos, certos comunitarismos, defesa de grupos especiais, por um lado, e, por outro, tentativas de imposição, mesmo pela força da criminalização, de certas (e normalmente até minoritárias) visões do mundo, da vida, dos costumes. Se outrora se ganhou ao abolir a carga moralista do Direito, assim como foi de saudar o processo da sua laicização, de novo faz sentido uma análise crítica das propostas de mudança de vida por via da Lei, que podem ser totalitárias.

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