Academic literature on the topic 'Austria – Civilization – Spanish influences'

The whole world today is dumped deeply and hopelessly into the scourge of COVID-19 Pandemic. That the invisible virus has kept the entire world both developed and developing countries standstill has busted contemporary man’s bravado in his scientific and technological achievements. This pandemic has called man to look inward into his very existence. The pandemic inasmuch it has brought untold sufferings, is not without some positive influences. It is a time like this, that philosophical reflection on history is of paramount importance. Lest we forget, COVID-19 is not the first pandemic in the human history. There were Black Death of 1346-1353, Spanish Flu of 1918, HIV/AIDS pandemic (at peak 2002-2005), and others. The novel COVID-19 is the child of our time and so we are compelled to live with its challenges both now and after. Nevertheless, in this philosophical reflection, we are going to look into the work of Edmund Husserl, The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology and extract what its contributions signify to our time. Husserl wrote during the postwar years in Europe and so like most of philosophers argued that Europe was not suffering political crisis but crisis of civilization. Naturalism and positivism were the ideologies that were reigning, thus denigrating the status of philosophy in searching into ultimate and highest questions that bother on the vital need of man that is the question of meaning or meaninglessness of human existence (Heffernan; 2015). It is in this frame of thought that we are going to survey the history of Covid19 pandemic, the conspiracy theories on its origin and evaluate the implications of the pandemic in the post-Covid19 society. This essay attempts to inspire a critical reflection on the reader to look at the condition of our time with a critical and philosophical hope and faith.

Since time immemorial, food has been the primary reason that family, friends, and new acquaintances are gathered. In recent years, food remains the star of the gathering and is further highlighted with the emergence of social media and heightened by the popularity of food selfies. This development requires a deeper understanding of food, especially heritage dishes of Southeast Asia, beyond eating. In past decades, several cookbooks, historical narratives, blogs, and vlogs on food were beautifully done both in the Philippines and beyond. However, there is no study yet that primarily theorizes the emergence and evolution of food in Southeast Asia. This paper, therefore, attempts to contribute to the continuing discussion of food in the region by using the Trinitas of ethnicity, environment, and experiences as framework. References Agoncillo, Teodoro. History of the Filipino People. Quezon City: R.P. Garcia Publishing House, 1990. Boileau, Janet. A Culinary History of the Protuguese Eurasians: The Origins of Luso-Asian Cuisine in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Australia: University of Adelaide, 2010. Brissenden, Rosemary. Joys and Subtleties: South East Asian Cooking. New York: Pantheon Books, 1971. Charnysh, Volha. “Does Climate Influence Culture?” A Historical Perspective. May 31, 2021. https://broadstreet.blog/2021/05/31/does-climate-influence-culture-a-historical-perspective/ Cokro Handoyo, Chrisfella, et. al. “Klappertaart: An Indonesian-Dutch influenced traditional food.” Journal of Ethnic Foods 5 (2018). David, Wahyudi and Daniel Kofahl. Eds. Food Culture of Southeast Asia: Perspectives of Social Science and Food Science. Germany: Kassel University Press, 2017. Devine, Carole, et. al. “Food Choices in Three Ethnic Groups: Interactions of Ideals, Identities and Roles.” Journal of Nutrition Education 31 (1999). Fernandez, Doreen. “Beyond Sans Rival: Exploring the French Influence on Philippine Gastronomy.” Philippine Studies 39, no.1 (1991). Funtecha, Henry. “Contemporary Philippines-Japan cultural interconnections.” The News Today, July 31, 2009. http://www.thenewstoday.info/2009/07/31/contemporary.philippines.japan.cultural.interconnections.html. Handoyo, Chrisfella Cokro, et. al. “Klappertaart: An Indonesian-Dutch influenced traditional food.” Journal of Ethnic Foods 5 (2018). How other countries influence Filipino food. November 19, 2016. https://foodnetphilippines.wordpress.com/2016/11/19/how-other-countries-influence-filipino-food/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20udon%20or,Davao%20has%20a%20version%20of. https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/did-you-know-spread-islam-southeast-asia-through-trade-routeshttps://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Laos/sub5_3b/entry-2958.htmlhttps://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Malaysia/sub5_4a/entry-3619.html#:~:text=The%20British%20formally%20made%20Malaysia,fratricidal%20wars%20of%20the%20sultans. https://research.appetitesg.com/idea/portuguese-influence-in-asian-food/ https://www.tasteatlas.com/most-popular-rice-in-southeast-asia Johns, Anthony. “Islamization in Southeast Asia: Reflections and Reconsiderations with Special Reference to the Role of Sufism.” Southeast Asian Studies 31, no.1 (1993). Lantrip, Brandon Chase. The Chinese Cultural Influence on Filipino Cuisine. (2017). https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1334&context=thes.18-19. Leong-Salobir, Cecilia. Food Culture in Colonial Asia: A Taste of Empire. New York: Routledge, 2011. Lockard, Craig. “Chinese Migration and Settlement in Southeast Asia Before 1850: Making Fields from the Sea.” History Compass 11, no.9 (2013). Ludovice, Nicolo Paolo. “The Ice Plant Cometh: The Insular Cold Storage and Ice Plant, Frozen Meat, and the Imperial Biodeterioration of American Manila, 1900-1935.” Global Food History 7, no.2 (2021). Madrid, Randy. “Ang Pariancillo ng Molo, Iloilo sa Pagtatagpo ng Hiligaynon at Hok-kien Bilang mga Wikang Pangkalakalan Noong Dantaon 18.” Saliksik e-Journal 2, no.1 (2013). Mandy, Apple. “Everything You Need to Know About Filipino Food: The Next Great American Cuisine.” December 5, 2020. https://www.themanual.com/food-and-drink/filipino-food-guide/#:~:text=From%20that%20time%20through%201946,technology%20like%20microwave%20and%20fridge. Marchetti, Silvia. “Curry puffs: How a Portuguese Snack Arrived in Southeast Asia in the 1500s and Became a Hit Across the Region.” South China Morning Post, January 12, 2021. https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/3117240/curry-puffs-how-portuguese-snack-arrived-southeast-asia-1500s. McLeod, Saul. “Nature vs. Nurture in Psychology.” https://www.simplypsychology.org/naturevsnurture.html. 2018. Newman, Jacqueline. “Cultural Aspects of Asian Dietary Habits”. In C. Ang, K. Liu, and Y. Huang (Eds.). Asian Foods: Science & technology. Pennsylvania: Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., (1999).Ocampo, Ambeth. “Japanese origins of the Philippine ‘halo-halo.” Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 30, 2012. https://opinion.inquirer.net/35790/japanese-origins-of-the-philippine-halo-halo. Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project, 2022. http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/regions/asia-pacific/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010 Santarita, Joefe. Becoming Filipino. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House, forthcoming 2023. Sengupta, Jayshree. “India’s Cultural and Civilizational Influence on Southeast Asia.” Observer Research Foundation, August 30, 2017. https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/indias-cultural-and-civilizational-influence-on-southeast-asia/ Sibal, Vatika. “Food: Identity of Culture and Religion.” September 2018. https://www.wathi.org/food-identity-of-culture-and-religion-researchgate/. Steele, Jonathan. “Nation Building in East Timor.” World Policy Journal 19, no.2 (2002). Tasevski, Olivia. “The Dutch are Uncomfortable with Being History’s Villains, not Victims.” Foreign Policy, August 10, 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/08/10/dutch-colonial-history-indonesia-villains-victims/. Trivedi, Sonu. “Early Indian Influence in Southeast Asia: Revitalizing Partnership between India and Indonesia.” India Quarterly 66, no.1 (March 2010). Turrow, Eve. “Colonizers' Influence Infuses Southeast Asian Cuisine.” October 19, 2011. https://www.npr.org/2011/10/18/141465353/colonizers-influence-infuses-southeast-asian-cuisine. Understanding Ajinomoto. https://www.ajinomoto.com.ph/corp-blogs/ajinomoto-vetsin/ Van Esterik, Penny. “Culinary Colonialism and Thai Cuisine: The Taste of Crypto-colonial Power.” Dublin Gastronomy Symposium (2018). Veneracion, Connie. “The Spanish Influence on Filipino Cuisine.” May 18, 2021. https://www.thespruceeats.com/the-spanish-influence-on-filipino-cuisine-3030287.

Defence date: 8 June 2009
Examining Board: Prof. Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla (European University Institute, Florence) - supervisor, Prof. James S. Amelang (Universidad Autónoma, Madrid), Prof. Heinz-Gerhard Haupt (European University Institute, Florence), Dr. Katrin Keller (University of Vienna)
First made available online on 25 October 2017.
This study aims to reveal traces of Spanish cultural influences on the seventeenth-century Austrian Habsburg monarchy, or to be more precise, on courtly and aristocratic culture. The focus is however less on the ruling houses, but rather more on the aristocratic society and its contribution to cultural transfer processes from Spain to Austria. Tracing themes of alteration in aristocratic selfrepresentation, evoked by political, social and cultural changes in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, this study examines the role of culture in general, and cultural borrowings in particular, in the process of aristocratic re-invention. "A nobleman has to be curious", Prince Karl Eusebius Liechtenstein once argued. "Thereby he distinguishes himself from the ordinary man." This curiosity in every respect was beyond any doubt a decisive factor for cultural transfer processes.