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Journal articles on the topic 'Australians'
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1
Bahfen, Nasya. "1950s vibe, 21st century audience: Australia’s dearth of on-screen diversity." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 25, no. 1&2 (July 31, 2019): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v25i1and2.479.
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The difference between how multicultural Australia is ‘in real life’ and ‘in broadcasting’ can be seen through data from the Census, and from Screen Australia’s most recent research into on screen diversity. In 2016, these sources of data coincided with the Census, which takes place every five years. Conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, this presents a ‘snapshot’ of Australian life. From the newest Census figures in 2016, it appears that nearly half of the population in Australia (49 percent) had either been born overseas (identifying as first generation Australian) or had one or both parents born overseas (identifying as second generation Australian). Nearly a third, or 32 percent, of Australians identified as having come from non-Anglo Celtic backgrounds, and 2.8 percent of Australians identify as Indigenous (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander). Nearly a fifth, or 18 percent, of Australians identify as having a disability. Screen Australia is the government agency that oversees film and TV funding and research. Conducted in 2016, Screen Australia’s study looked at 199 television dramas (fiction, excluding animation) that aired between 2011 and 2015. The comparison between these two sources of data reveals that with one exception, there is a marked disparity between diversity as depicted in the lived experiences of Australians and recorded by the Census, and diversity as depicted on screen and recorded by the Screen Australia survey.
2
Török, Gábor. "Peter Carey’s “Homo Australiensis” in A Long Way from Home." Pázmány Papers – Journal of Languages and Cultures 1, no. 1 (June 13, 2024): 292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.69706/pp.2023.1.1.17.
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The paper examines Peter Carey’s first book about Indigenous Australians, a topic which he had neglected for decades. Until A Long Way from Home (2017) was written, the two-time Booker Prize winner renowned for portraying Australian identity had yet to confront this crucial matter which he believed was a fundamental issue of the country. Reasons behind this seemingly contradictory and lengthy absence are highlighted along with certain methods with which the author gradually exposes Australia’s shameful past in the treatment of First Nations people. Carey’s approach stays true to his body of work, namely the Aboriginal subject is complemented or intertwined with his portrayal of another layer of Australia’s history: the pan-European heritage of non-Indigenous Australians. But why and in what manner does he integrate European topics into a novel aiming to shed light on the maltreatment and neglect of First Nations Australians? Does this addition not dilute the original aim of paying homage to Indigenous Australia? My paper argues that Carey successfully utilises certain European identity themes to help show the gravity of sins committed against Australian Indigenous people. The author’s modus operandi is to piece together seemingly neglected fragments of the European legacy with First Nations Australia to reveal a unified entity. Via Willie Bachhuber, a character who most Australians can connect or identify with, Carey joins together various Australian identities which may not have been connected beforehand. With this technique Carey helps ensure the novel is about and for all Australians. I believe that A Long Way from Home crowns Peter Carey’s career as fully depicting Australianness without including Aboriginal people has up until now meant a quite incomplete oeuvre. An ultimate Australian character so-far elusive to Carey, a Homo Australiensis has come to life via a pseudo-German-Balt-Hungarian-Australian, who is actually a First Nations Australian with a white biological father.
3
Koerner, Catherine. "Learning the past to participate in the future." International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v6i2.101.
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Indigenous curricula content, including particular narratives of Australian colonial history are highly contested in contemporary Australia. How do white Australians understand Australia’s colonial past and its relevance today? An empirical study was conducted with 29 rural Australians who self-identified as white. Critical race and whiteness studies provided the framework for analysis of the interviews. I argue that they revealed a delimited understanding of colonial history and a general inability to link this to the present, which limited their capacity to think crossculturally in their everyday living - activities considered crucial in the contemporary move to Reconciliation in Australia. The normative discourse of white settler Australians to be ‘Australian’ is invested in the denial of Indigenous sovereignty to protect white settler Australian claims to national sovereignty. The findings support arguments for a national curriculum that incorporates Indigenous history as well as an Indigenous presence throughout all subject areas.
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Mackinlay, Elizabeth, and Katelyn Barney. "Introduction." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 41, no. 1 (August 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2012.2.
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Indigenous Australian studies, also called Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander studies, is an expanding discipline in universities across Australia (Nakata, 2004). As a discipline in its own right, Indigenous Australian studies plays an important role in teaching students about Australia's colonial history and benefits both non-Indigenous and Indigenous students by teaching them about Australia's rich and shared cultural heritage (Craven, 1999, pp. 23–25). Such teaching and learning seeks to actively discuss and deconstruct historical and contemporary entanglements between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians and, in doing so, help build better working relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. As educators in this discipline, it is important for us to find pedagogical approaches which make space for these topics to be accessed, understood, discussed and engaged with in meaningful ways.
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Butler, Tamara, Alana Gall, Gail Garvey, Khwanruethai Ngampromwongse, Debra Hector, Scott Turnbull, Kerri Lucas, et al. "A Comprehensive Review of Optimal Approaches to Co-Design in Health with First Nations Australians." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 2, 2022): 16166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316166.
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Background: Australia’s social, structural, and political context, together with the continuing impact of colonisation, perpetuates health care and outcome disparities for First Nations Australians. A new approach led by First Nations Australians is required to address these disparities. Co-design is emerging as a valued method for First Nations Australian communities to drive change in health policy and practice to better meet their needs and priorities. However, it is critical that co-design processes and outcomes are culturally safe and effective. Aims: This project aimed to identify the current evidence around optimal approaches to co-design in health with First Nations Australians. Methods: First Nations Australian co-led team conducted a comprehensive review to identify peer-reviewed and grey literature reporting the application of co-design in health-related areas by and with First Nations Australians. A First Nations Co-Design Working Group (FNCDWG) was established to guide this work and team.A Collaborative Yarning Methodology (CYM) was used to conduct a thematic analysis of the included literature. Results: After full-text screening, 99 studies were included. Thematic analysis elicited the following six key themes, which included 28 practical sub-themes, relevant to co-design in health with First Nations Australians: First Nations Australians leadership; Culturally grounded approach; Respect; Benefit to First Nations communities; Inclusive partnerships; and Evidence-based decision making. Conclusion: The findings of this review provide a valuable snapshot of the existing evidence to be used as a starting point to guide appropriate and effective applications of co-design in health with First Nations Australians.
6
Chen, Ziqi, and Minxin Liang. "The Association Between Australian’s Dietary Pattern and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 55 (July 9, 2023): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v55i.9920.
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In Australia, one of the top three causes of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). For those who already have or are at risk for CVD, a healthy dietary pattern is a critical CVD prevention strategy. Following a diet that complies with the healthy eating guidelines of the Australian government can lower the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Australians. Thus, this study will analyze nutrient, food groups, diet pattern, socioeconomic states of Australian and how they relate to CVD risk as well as other CVD risk factors such as high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and overweight. This study found that low socioeconomic Australians are more likely to have low levels of diet and are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, the majority of Australians consume nutrients and food groups that do not meet Australia's healthy eating guidelines, and long-term adherence to this unhealthy diet have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
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McIntosh, Ian. "Anthropologists and Aboriginal Reconciliation: The Efficacy of Symbolic Reconciliatory Gestures." Practicing Anthropology 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.23.1.wh27t417114206u1.
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The context of this article is the quest for justice and reparations for Australia's indigenous citizens. In 1991 the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation was established through a unanimous vote in both houses of the Australian federal parliament. Comprised of twenty-five members (twelve of whom are Aboriginal and two Torres Strait Islanders) the Council identified eight key goals for a process centered on fostering the recognition of indigenous cultures by non-Aboriginal Australians, and on promoting fair and proper standards for indigenous Australians in health, housing, employment and education, and other fields.
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Patrick West, Brad Warren and. "Whose Hometown? Reception of Bruce Springsteen as an Index of Australian National Identities." Biannual Online-Journal of Springsteen Studies 1, no. 1 (August 10, 2014): 74–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/boss.v1i1.17.
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Focusing on the cultural landscape of the mid-1980s, this paper explores the Australian experience of Bruce Springsteen. Australian author Peter Carey’s short story collection, The Fat Man in History, anticipates two phases of Australia’s relationship to the United States, phases expressed by responses to Springsteen’s Born in the U.S.A. (1984) and the 1986 blockbuster Crocodile Dundee. Springsteen’s album was received by an Australian audience who wanted to be like Americans; Crocodile Dundee, on the other hand, provided a representation of what Australians thought Americans wanted Australians to be. This paper argues that the first phase was driven by emergent technologies, in particular the Walkman, which allowed for personal and private listening practices. However, technological changes in the 1990s facilitated a more marked shift in listening space towards individualization, a change reflected in Springsteen’s lyrics.
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Howarth, Timothy, Helmi Ben Saad, Ara J. Perez, Charmain B. Atos, Elisha White, and Subash S. Heraganahally. "Comparison of diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) and total lung capacity (TLC) between Indigenous Australians and Australian Caucasian adults." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): e0248900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248900.
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Background and objective Currently there is paucity of evidence in the literature in relation to normative values for diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) and total lung capacity (TLC) among Indigenous Australians. Hence, in this study we assessed the DLCO and TLC parameters among Indigenous Australians in comparison to Australian Caucasian counterparts. Methods DLCO and TLC values were assessed and compared between Indigenous Australians and Australian Caucasians matched for age, sex and body mass index, with normal chest radiology. Results Of the 1350 and 5634 pulmonary function tests assessed in Indigenous Australian and Australian Caucasian adults respectively, a total of 129 Indigenous Australians and 197 Australian Caucasians met the inclusion criteria. Absolute DLCO and TLC values for Indigenous Australians were a mean 4.3 ml/min/mmHg (95% CI 2.86, 5.74) and 1.03 L (95% CI 0.78, 1.27) lower than Australian Caucasians (p<0.01). Percentage predicted values were 15.38 (95% CI 11.59, 19.17) and 16.63 (95% CI 13.59, 19.68) points lower for DLCO and TLC, respectively. Lower limit of normal (LLN) values did not significantly differ between groups, however a significantly greater proportion of Indigenous Australians recorded values below the LLN in comparison to Australian Caucasians for DLCO (64 vs. 25%, p<0.01) and TLC (66 vs. 21%, p<0.01). Significant differences for the interaction of sex on DLCO and TLC were noted in Australian Caucasians, with reduced or absent sex differentiation among Indigenous Australians. Conclusions There are significant differences in DLCO and TLC parameters between Indigenous Australian compared to Australian Caucasians. Appropriate DLCO and TLC norms need to be established for Indigenous Australians.
10
Laugharne, Jonathan. "Poverty and mental health in Aboriginal Australia." Psychiatric Bulletin 23, no. 6 (June 1999): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.23.6.364.
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When the Australian Governor General, Sir William Deane, referred in a speech in 1996 to the “appalling problems relating to Aboriginal health” he was not exaggerating. The Australia Bureau of Statistics report on The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples (McLennan & Madden, 1997) outlines the following statistics. The life expectancy for Aboriginal Australians is 15 to 20 years lower than for non-Aboriginal Australians, and is lower than for most countries of the world with the exception of central Africa and India. Aboriginal babies are two to three times more likely to be of lower birth weight and two to four times more likely to die at birth than non-Aboriginal babies. Hospitalisation rates are two to three times higher for Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal Australians. Death rates from infectious diseases are 15 times higher among Aboriginal Australians than non-Aboriginal Australians. Rates for heart disease, diabetes, injury and respiratory diseases are also all higher among Aboriginals – and so the list goes on. It is fair to say that Aboriginal people have higher rates for almost every type of illness for which statistics are currently recorded.
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Raiche, Holly. "Universal Service for the Twenty-First Century." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v12n2.936.
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The Australian Government is asking Australians for their views on the existing telecommunications universal service obligation. Fifty years ago, that obligation was on Telecom (now Telstra) to provide payphones and a voice service that would best meet the social, industrial and commercial needs of all Australians who reasonably require those services, so far as it is reasonably practicable to do so. The obligation is still the same: the provision of payphones and voice telephony. If the universal service obligation is to have any continuing relevance in the Australian communications framework, however, it must reflect the social, industrial and commercial needs of Australians in 2024 and beyond. Research shows that Australians are using broadband services for a wide range of services in their lives: access to government services, health, finances, education, entertainment, and social and family connections. And for the large majority of Australians, that communication is by mobile telephony. A new definition of the service for all Australians must be upgraded to reflect how Australians now communicate. And it must be continually reviewed and upgraded as necessary to meet the changing communications needs of all Australians.
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MacNaughton, Glenda, and Karina Davis. "Beyond ‘Othering’: Rethinking Approaches to Teaching Young Anglo-Australian Children about Indigenous Australians." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 2, no. 1 (March 2001): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2001.2.1.10.
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Current early childhood literature concerning anti-racist and multicultural education discusses the importance of adopting a curriculum framework to counter the development of prejudice and racism in young children. This article draws on two separate research projects in Victoria, Australia that explore how this might best be done. One project was concerned with exploring young children's understandings of indigenous Australians and their cultures and the other investigated teaching practices of a group of early childhood practitioners with indigenous Australians and their cultures. The results from these two projects are compared in order to explore some current issues in adopting curriculum frameworks that counter the development of prejudice and racism in young Anglo-Australian children towards Australia's indigenous peoples and cultures.
13
Cosh, Suzanne, Lauren Maksimovic, Kerry Ettridge, David Copley, and Jacqueline A. Bowden. "Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander utilisation of the Quitline service for smoking cessation in South Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 2 (2013): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11152.
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Smoking prevalence among Indigenous Australians far exceeds that of non-Indigenous Australians and is considered the greatest contributor to burden of disease for Indigenous Australians. The Quitline is a primary intervention for facilitating smoking cessation and, given the health implications of tobacco use, maximising its effectiveness for Indigenous Australians is imperative. However, the utilisation and effectiveness of this service within the Indigenous Australian population has not been examined. This study explores the utilisation of the South Australian Quitline by smokers identifying as Indigenous Australian. Quitline counsellors collected data regarding demographic characteristics, and smoking and quitting behaviour from Quitline callers in 2010. Results indicated that the proportion of Indigenous and non-Indigenous smokers who registered for the service was comparable. Demographic variables and smoking addiction at time of registration with the Quitline were similar for Indigenous and non-Indigenous callers. However, results indicated that Indigenous callers received significantly fewer callbacks than non-Indigenous callers and were significantly less likely to set a quit date. Significantly fewer Indigenous callers reported that they were still successfully quit at 3 months. Thus, Indigenous Australian callers may be less engaged with the Quitline and further research is required exploring whether the service could be tailored to make it more engaging for Indigenous Australians who smoke.
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Walker, Judi, and Grant Lennox. "Duelling Band-aids: Debating and Debunking Issues Affecting Primary Health Care to Achieve Deliverance for Australia's Health." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00048.
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The constant pressure for growth on all areas of health spending is not matched by the country's capacity to pay. Despite a progressive shift to a primary health care approach that promotes health and wellbeing, illness prevention, healthy lifestyles, early detection, rehabilitation and public health strategies, not all segments of Australian society enjoy good health. In this paper, general indications of the health and wellbeing of Australians are described, and the health and wellbeing of two important population groups: rural and remote and Indigenous populations are discussed, providing a review of Australia's health system. Anomalies in the status of the health of Australians are apparent. Models of primary healthcare, individual health and urban health are compared with models of acute and institutional care, population health and rural health.
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Lee, Jason B. L. "Committing to reconciling our differences: development of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists' Reconciliation Action Plan." BJPsych. International 12, no. 3 (August 2015): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s205647400000043x.
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians continue to experience disproportionately poor physical and mental health, and inequity of opportunity. Australia's Reconciliation Action Plan programme provides a framework and support for organisations to demonstrate leadership through public commitment to actions. The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists developed its own Reconciliation Action Plan through a consultative process, and hopes to lead and promote reconciliation as a peak medical body.
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Gorman, Sean. "Sporting Chance: Indigenous Participation in Australian Sport History." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 2 (August 19, 2010): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v2i2.1526.
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For many non-Indigenous Australians the only time they have any engagement with Indigenous peoples, history or issues is through watching sport on television or being at a football match at the MCG. This general myopia and indifference by settler Australians with Indigenous Australians manifests itself in many ways but perhaps most obscenely in the simple fact that Indigenous Australians die nearly 20 years younger than the rest of Australias citizens. Many non-Indigenous Australians do not know this. Sport in many ways has offered Indigenous Australians a platform from which to begin the slow, hard process for social justice and equity to be actualised. This paper will discuss the participation of Indigenous Australians in sport and show how sport has enabled Indigenous Australians to create a space so that they can speak out against the injustices they have experienced and to further improve on relations going into the future. The central contention is that through sport all Australians can begin a process of engaging with Indigenous history as a means to improve race relations between the two groups.
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Casella, Antonietta, and Judith Kearins. "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Family Environments of Anglo-Australians, Italian-Australians, and Southern Italians." Psychological Reports 72, no. 3 (June 1993): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.3.1051.
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Differences in academic achievement have been noted in children from various ethnic backgrounds. In Australia, differences in educational attainment between Anglo-Australian and Italian students have been documented, Italian students performing more poorly. Since the influence of environmental factors on students' achievement is well supported in the literature, the present study compared the family environments of Anglo-Australians ( n = 25), Italian-Australians ( n = 29), and Southern Italians ( n = 29) via administration of the Family Environment Scale to mothers. Significant differences were found, the Anglo-Australian sample scoring higher on the Active-Recreational subscale and lower on the Organisation subscale than both Italian groups. Differences between the Anglo-Australian and Southern Italian groups showed the Anglo-Australians scoring significantly lower on the Achievement Orientation subscale and higher on the Intellectual-Cultural Orientation subscale. There were no significant differences between the Italian groups. These findings suggest preservation of Italian cultural values within Australian society, which may contribute to a restriction of learning opportunities for Italian children and possibly affect their educational achievements in later years.
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David Lum, Gary. "Problems in diagnosing sexually transmitted infections in remote Australia." Microbiology Australia 28, no. 1 (2007): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma07017.
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Times are changing. The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Sexual Health and Blood Borne Virus Strategy 2005-2008 provides current commentary on the problems facing Australia?s Indigenous population. While the rates of sexually transmitted infections have always been higher in Indigenous Australians, there is some evidence of increasing rates of HIV infection. The rate of Chlamydia infection in non-Indigenous Australians has doubled between 1999 and 2003, while the rate of infection in some populations of Indigenous Australians has moved from 658 per 100 000 to 1140 per 100 000 population. Indigenous Australians are forty-times more likely to be infected with the gonococcus than non-Indigenous Australian men and women. It should not be surprising that Indigenous Australian rates of syphilis are unacceptably high at ~250 per 100 000 population and almost non-existent in the non-Indigenous population.
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Loakes, Debbie, and Adele Gregory. "Voice quality in Australian English." JASA Express Letters 2, no. 8 (August 2022): 085201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0012994.
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This study is an acoustic investigation of voice quality in Australian English. The speech of 33 Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal English speakers) is compared to that of 28 Anglo Australians [Mainstream Australian English (MAE) speakers] from two rural locations in Victoria. Analysis of F0 and H1*-H2* reveals that pitch and voice quality differ significantly for male speakers according to dialect and for female speakers according to location. This study highlights previously undescribed phonetic and sociophonetic variability in voice quality in Australian English.
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Mikhailov, V. V. "THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND CORPS IN EGYPT BEFORE LANDING AT GALLIPOLI IN 1915." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 6 (72), no. 4 (2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2020-6-4-86-96.
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The history of the Australian and new Zealand corps (ANZAC) in preparation for the landing on the Gallipoli Peninsula in the Egyptian training camps is studied. The relationship between the rank and file of the corps is analyzed. The study examines the living conditions and relationships of Australians and new Zealanders with the local population in and around Cairo. The study examines the training of corps units in training and exercises, the attitude of soldiers and officers to the quality of training of corps troops, as well as the participation of troops of the Australian-new Zealand army corps in the repulse of the Turkish offensive on the Suez canal in February 1915. An overview of the actions of the landing command to concentrate ANZAC forces in Mudros Bay (Lemnos) before the start of the landing at Gallipoli is given. The article makes extensive use of archival materials of the Australian War Memorial and British archives, the official history of Australia’s participation in world war I, diary entries and letters of Australians and new Zealanders who participated in the first convoy from Australia to Alexandria (Egypt), Russian and foreign research on the initial stage of the Gallipoli operation of the allied forces of the Entente against the Ottoman Empire..
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Tsokhas, Kosmas. "Dedominionization: the Anglo-Australian experience, 1939–1945." Historical Journal 37, no. 4 (December 1994): 861–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00015120.
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ABSTRACTThe role of decolonization in the decline of the British empire has received a great deal of attention. In comparison there has been little research or analysis of the process of dedominionization affecting Australia and the other dominions. During the Second World War economic ties were seriously weakened and there were substantial conflicts over economic policy between the British and Australian governments. Australia refused to reduce imports in order to conserve foreign exchange, thus contributing to the United Kingdom's debt burden. The Australian government insisted that the British guarantee Australia's sterling balances and refused to adopt the stringent fiscal policies requested by the Bank of England and the British treasury. Australia also took the opportunity to expand domestic manufacturing industry at the expense of British manufacturers. Economic separation and conflict were complemented by political and strategic differences. In particular, the Australian government realized that British military priorities made it impossible for the United Kingdom to defend Australia. This led the Australians towards a policy of cooperating with the British embargo on Japan, only to the extent that this would be unlikely to provoke Japanese military retaliation. In general, the Australians preferred a policy of compromise in the Far East to one of deterrence preferred by the British.
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Fan, Cynthia, and Wally Karnilowicz. "Attitudes Towards Mental Illness and Knowledge of Mental Health Services Among the Australian and Chinese Community." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 2 (2000): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00017.
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The study aimed to examine the attitudes toward mental illness and knowledge of mental health services among Anglo-Australian and Chinese-Australian adults. Participants included 105 Anglo-Australians and 129 Chinese-Australians. Participants were requested to complete a questionnaire on attitudes toward mental illness and knowledge of mental health service available in the community. The results indicated that there was a significant ethnic difference in attitudes towards mental illness. Chinese-Australians endorsed authoritarian, restrictive attitudes towards people with mental illness and interpersonal etiology more than Anglo-Australians. There was also a significant difference in attitudes towards mental illness due to the amount of contact with people with mental illness. The more contact the participants had with people with mental illness, the less they endorsed authoritarian, and restrictive attitudes toward people with mental illness. Though there was a non-significant difference in knowledge of mental health services due to ethnic origin or amount of contact with people with mental illness, there were ethnic differences in the type of mental health services preferred. Among Chinese-Australians, age was positively related to knowledge of services for acute and chronic cases of mental illness. Implications for community mental health education programs are discussed.
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Eko Rujito Dwi Atmojo and Ariva Luciandika. "SO CLOSE, YET SO FOREIGN: AUSTRALIANS’ AMBIVALENT VIEW TOWARDS INDONESIA IN THREE POEMS." Literature and Literacy 1, no. 2 (October 22, 2023): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/litlit.v1i2.78.
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Literary works embody writers’ view, which is undoubtedly a product of their cultural background and values. Thus, when a western writer writes about eastern themes, his values and worldview as westerner might influence his view towards the East. In the case of Australian writers writing about Indonesia, this notion proves to be problematic. Australians’ ambivalent identity as a people and the stark contrast in sociological, cultural, and historical as well as unique relation between the two countries often result in ambivalence in their view towards Indonesia. Applying postcolonial criticism, this study was endeavoured to uncover Australians’ ambivalent view towards Indonesia portrayed in three poems about Indonesia written by Australian writers. Descriptive-qualitative analysis on the poems revealed that there are ambivalences in how Australians view Indonesia which transcend the dichotomy between the Occident and the Orient. Australians see Indonesia as ‘other’ and at the same time acknowledge the differences and diversities as part of universal reality.
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Machin, Heather M., Lisa Buckland, Christine Critchley, Steven Wiffen, Gerard Sutton, and Paul N. Baird. "Determining the willingness of Australians to export their corneas on death." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): e0246622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246622.
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Background 12.7 million people await a corneal transplant, but 53% are without access to corneal tissue. Sharing corneal tissue across nations can provide some access, however the willingness of export populations, like Australians, to export their donation on death, has never been evaluated. Our research samples the Australian population, determining their willingness to export. Materials and method We conducted e-surveys. N = 1044 Australians participated. The sample represented the Australian population, based on population demographics. Chi-Square and bivariate correlation coefficients examined associations between categorical variables, with a sample size of N = 1044, power of 0.80, and alpha of p = 0.05. Outcome measures were based on population sampling, by exploring willingness export, through the e-survey method. Results 38% (n = 397) of respondents said yes to exportation, 23.8% (n = 248) said no, and 38.2% (n = 399) were undecided. We found no relationship between willingness to export and general demographics, though those registered on the Donatelife Register (p = < .001), and those already willing to donate their eyes (p = < .001) were significantly more willing to export. Discussion More Australians are willing to export their corneas than not, though a significant portion remain undecided. The Donatelife Register, and donation awareness, are key components of respondent decision making. Therefore, the provision of information about exportation prior to, and at the point-of-donation, is essential for assisting Australian’s to decide to export or not. Further examination and development of consent-for-export systems are necessary before routine exportation is undertaken.
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Whiley, Shannon. "The Experiences of Nikkei-Australian Soldiers During World War II." New Voices in Japanese Studies 10 (July 3, 2018): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21159/nvjs.10.01.
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This paper is a biographical case study that explores the distinct experiences of three Australian-born Japanese (hereafter, Nikkei-Australians) who volunteered for Australian military service during World War II: Mario Takasuka, Joseph Suzuki and Winston Ide. It examines the social and political context in which these soldiers lived, concluding that they faced a disconnect between the way they were viewed by the government, their local communities and themselves. Notions of identity and nationalism are also explored in the context of World War II and the White Australia Policy, and are compared with the experiences of non-European soldiers in Australia and Nikkei soldiers abroad. The paper also highlights the ambiguous position of Nikkei-Australian soldiers with respect to military enlistment. At the time, legislation allowed for Nikkei-Australians to be variously classified as loyal citizens capable of enlistment, as not sufficiently ‘Australian’ for duty, or as enemy aliens, depending upon how it was applied in each case. Because there was no uniform approach within the government for applying these laws, the experiences of Nikkei-Australians vastly differed, as illustrated by the stories of the individuals profiled in this study. These stories are important as they add to the growing body of knowledge around non-white Australians who served in World War II, and remind us of how the pro-white, anti-Japanese atmosphere within Australia at the time affected those within the community who did not fit the mould of the White Australian ideal.
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Anderson, Kate, Alana Gall, Tamara Butler, Khwanruethai Ngampromwongse, Debra Hector, Scott Turnbull, Kerri Lucas, et al. "Development of Key Principles and Best Practices for Co-Design in Health with First Nations Australians." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010147.
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Background: While co-design offers potential for equitably engaging First Nations Australians in findings solutions to redressing prevailing disparities, appropriate applications of co-design must align with First Nations Australians’ culture, values, and worldviews. To achieve this, robust, culturally grounded, and First Nations-determined principles and practices to guide co-design approaches are required. Aims: This project aimed to develop a set of key principles and best practices for co-design in health with First Nations Australians. Methods: A First Nations Australian co-led team conducted a series of Online Yarning Circles (OYC) and individual Yarns with key stakeholders to guide development of key principles and best practice approaches for co-design with First Nations Australians. The Yarns were informed by the findings of a recently conducted comprehensive review, and a Collaborative Yarning Methodology was used to iteratively develop the principles and practices. Results: A total of 25 stakeholders participated in the Yarns, with 72% identifying as First Nations Australian. Analysis led to a set of six key principles and twenty-seven associated best practices for co-design in health with First Nations Australians. The principles were: First Nations leadership; Culturally grounded approach; Respect; Benefit to community; Inclusive partnerships; and Transparency and evaluation. Conclusions: Together, these principles and practices provide a valuable starting point for the future development of guidelines, toolkits, reporting standards, and evaluation criteria to guide applications of co-design with First Nations Australians.
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O'Brien, Kevin, and Zakir Rahmani. "Career Aspirations of Young Australians in Relation to the Defence Force." Australian Journal of Career Development 4, no. 3 (October 1995): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841629500400316.
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At present some 7000 jobs are available for young Australians in the Australian Defence Force. As a part of recruiting strategies the Defence Force Recruiting Branch regularly examines the issues and concerns on which 17–24 year olds base their career decisions. This case study describes the key findings of recent research undertaken by two different consultants on the perceptions of young Australians towards schooling, careers and employment, and identifies the factors affecting their choice of a career in the Australian Defence Force. Based on a paper presented at the Australian Association of Career Counsellors Conference, April 1995.
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Saniotis, Arthur, and Rod Irvine. "Climate change and the possible health effects on older Australians." Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 3 (2010): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10025.
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Climate change is an important issue for Australia. Climate change research forecasts that Australia will experience accelerated warming due to anthrogenic activities. Australia’s aging society will face special challenges that demand current attention. This paper discusses two issues in relation to climate change and older Australians: first, pharmacology and autoregulation; and second, mental health among older Australians.
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Saigal, Siddharth. "Beyond the Native Title horizon: A multifaceted vision for Indigenous empowerment in contemporary Australia." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 54, no. 4 (2021): 508–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2021-4-508.
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This article advocates for empowering Australia’s Indigenous custodians through innovative legal devices with respect to their traditional lands. This is because Indigenous Australians possess certain rights and duties that are unique to their being. Regrettably, these rights have crystallised into an aging Native Title system inherently characterised by Crown supremacy and Indigenous subservience. In exploring the Native Title machinery through the lens of Australia’s colonial legacy, this article illuminates the many injustices in containing a dynamic and complex culture within the unforgiving parameters of this outdated system. Thus, a great inequity exists at the very foundation of Native Title when those most adversely affected by colonial dispossession are inadequately protected. Nevertheless, contemporary legal precedents are increasingly recognised as significant developments in expanding a legal universe rooted in the proscriptive common law tradition. Achieving ‘case-by-case’ reform is ultimately overshadowed by the financial, emotional and physical burdens placed upon Indigenous litigants. Beyond the Native Title horizon lies an unchartered territory, a place where Indigenous autonomy can coexist within legal systems of land governance. In this innovative spirit, Australian lawmakers are challenged to adopt a co-governance scheme modelled on New Zealand’s Te Awa Tupua Act to empower Indigenous Australians and dismantle entrenched principles of anthropocentric environmentalism.
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Thai, Michael, Nicholas A. Szeszeran, Matthew J. Hornsey, and Fiona Kate Barlow. "Forever Foreign? Asian Australians Assimilating to Australian Culture Are Still Perceived as Less Australian Than White Australians." Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, no. 6 (February 12, 2020): 812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619879907.
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Westerners of Asian descent emphasize their engagement with national culture to assert their national identity. The present research investigates whether this strategy effectively enhances observers’ perceptions of Asian Westerners’ national identity. In Study 1 ( N = 160), Australian participants evaluated an Asian or White target, manipulated to be either hyper-Australian or not. In Study 2 ( N = 440), targets were additionally manipulated to be either Australian-born or not. Across both studies, Asian targets depicted as hyper-Australian, Australian-born, or both, were considered more Australian than generic Asian targets. However, Asian targets were consistently rated as less Australian than White counterparts who were depicted equivalently apart from race. Thus, the strategy of heavy engagement with the national culture increases perceptions of Asian Westerners’ national identity, but not to the point that they are considered equivalently to White Westerners.
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Murti, Desideria C. W. "Gaze the Struggle of Others: The Representations of Rural Places and People of Indonesia in Tourism Media for Australian Tourists." Journal of Communication Inquiry 44, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 231–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0196859920901326.
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This study contributes to understand the representations of Indonesian rural destinations in tourism media (online and offline) and the social reproduction of the on-site experiences from Australian tourists. The study analyses qualitative data from media produced between 2016 and 2018, online reviews about rural destinations, and full-day participant observations involving Australians. The findings highlight the contested representation of tranquil rice fields and the Indonesians as the exotic locals to be gaze upon for Australians. In conclusion, the framing of Indonesia for Australians expresses the unjust reproductions of tourism media to exercise the existing power relations.
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Kwok, Jen Tsen, and Juliet Pietsch. "The Political Representation of Asian-Australian Populations since the End of White Australia." AAPI Nexus: Policy, Practice and Community 15, no. 1-2 (September 2017): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/1545-0317.15.1.109.
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The racial and ethnic landscape in Australia has changed markedly since the beginning of the postwar migration period in which migrants arrived from Europe, and later from Asia in the late 1970s. While Australians with European ancestry have gradually made it into state and federal parliament, there has been less visibility for Australians of Asian descent. This article provides an overview of demographic migration trends and levels of Asian-Australian political representation in state and federal politics, drawing on data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and parliamentary websites. In doing so, we reflect on why political representation of Asian-Australian populations appears to be lagging so far behind.
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Keel, Stuart, Jing Xie, Joshua Foreman, Pei Ying Lee, Mostafa Alwan, Eamonn T. Fahy, Peter van Wijngaarden, et al. "Prevalence of glaucoma in the Australian National Eye Health Survey." British Journal of Ophthalmology 103, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311786.
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AimTo estimate the prevalence of glaucoma in Australia.MethodsThis was a population-based study of 3098 non-Indigenous Australians (50–98 years) and 1738 Indigenous Australians (40–92 years) stratified by remoteness. Each participant underwent a standard examination that included visual field assessment, tonometry and non-mydriatic fundus photography. Two fellowship-trained glaucoma specialists independently assessed relevant case notes (past ocular history, best-corrected visual acuity, frequency doubling technology visual fields, Van Herick grade, intraocular pressure and optic disc-centred photographs) and assigned a diagnosis ranked on a scale of certainty: none, possible, probable or definite glaucoma.ResultsA total of 4792 (99.1%, 3062 non-Indigenous and 1730 Indigenous) participants had retinal photographs in at least one eye that were gradable for glaucoma. The weighted prevalence of glaucoma (definite) in non-Indigenous Australians and Indigenous Australians was 1.5% (95% CI 1.0 to 2.2) and 0.6% (95% CI 0.4 to 1.1), respectively. When definite and probable cases of glaucoma were combined, rates were 3.4% (95% CI 2.7 to 4.3) among non-Indigenous and 1.6% (95% CI 1.1 to 2.3) in Indigenous Australians. Only 52.4% of non-Indigenous Australians and 28.0% of Indigenous Australians with glaucoma self-reported a known history of glaucoma.ConclusionWe estimate that 198 923 non-Indigenous Australians aged 50 years and over and 2139 Indigenous Australians aged 40 years and over have glaucoma. Given the high rates of undiagnosed glaucoma coupled with a significant ageing of the Australian population, improvements in case detection and access to low vision rehabilitation services may be required to cope with the growing burden of glaucoma.
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Judd, Barry, and Christopher Hallinan. "Indigeneity and the Disruption of Anglo-Australian Nationalism in Australian Football." Review of Nationalities 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2019-0008.
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AbstractSituated in the overall context of the ideals of the nation, this article outlines the formation of Anglo-Australian nationhood and its strong connection to sport, the historical treatment of Indigenous Australians as ‘others’, and the inherent racism within the nation and within sports systems. The vocal antagonism directed at a leading player who was also named Australian of Year is described and analyzed within the framework of conditional contemporary change, protests by the general public, and the emerging resistance by leading Indigenous Australians to Anglo-idealized nationhood.
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McIver, Damian. "Representing Australianness: Our National Identity Brought to You by Today Tonight." Media International Australia 131, no. 1 (May 2009): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0913100106.
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Since first being broadcast in 1995, Today Tonight has become one of Australia's most watched current affairs programs. It has also arguably become one of the most talked about and controversial programs on Australian television. This article explores the links between Today Tonight and discourses of Australian identity. By placing this program within a theoretical tradition that views television as a cultural storyteller, this article explores the complex and somewhat contradictory representations of the Australian identity made by the Today Tonight text. It will argue that, throughout a range of representations — from the discourse of the ‘Aussie battler’ to contrasting depictions of Australian society under threat and in decay, or as a place of opportunity — Today Tonight maintains a steady focus on ‘ordinary Australians’ as its main target audience and the bearers of our true national identity.
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Shiner, R. J. W. "Speaking to God in Australia: Donald Robinson and the Writing of An Australian Prayer Book (1978)." Studies in Church History 53 (May 26, 2017): 435–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/stc.2016.26.
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Archbishop Donald Robinson (b. 1922) had a distinguished career as a New Testament scholar and senior churchman. As a New Testament scholar, he emphasized the linguistic and cultural distance between what Barth called ‘the strange new world of the Bible’ and our own. However, as a senior churchman, Robinson was required to traverse the distance between the Bible and twentieth-century Australians. Through his episcopal leadership, and notably through his work in producing An Australian Prayer Book (1978), Robinson faced the challenge of speaking to Australians about God, and finding the words by which Australians might speak to God. This article will explore the ways in which a prominent scholar and churchman grappled with the linguistic and cultural challenges of speaking about God and to God in contemporary Australia, understood against the background of the crisis of (ir)relevance faced by Australian churches in the decline of the 1960s and 1970s.
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Habibis, Daphne, Penny Taylor, Maggie Walter, and Catriona Elder. "Repositioning the Racial Gaze: Aboriginal Perspectives on Race, Race Relations and Governance." Social Inclusion 4, no. 1 (February 23, 2016): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i1.492.
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In Australia, public debate about recognition of the nation’s First Australians through constitutional change has highlighted the complexity and sensitivities surrounding Indigenous/state relations at even the most basic level of legal rights. But the unevenness of race relations has meant Aboriginal perspectives on race relations are not well known. This is an obstacle for reconciliation which, by definition, must be a reciprocal process. It is especially problematic in regions with substantial Aboriginal populations, where Indigenous visibility make race relations a matter of everyday experience and discussion. There has been considerable research on how settler Australians view Aboriginal people but little is known about how Aboriginal people view settler Australians or mainstream institutions. This paper presents the findings from an Australian Research Council project undertaken in partnership with Larrakia Nation Aboriginal Corporation. Drawing on in-depth interviews with a cross-section of Darwin’s Aboriginal residents and visitors, it aims to reverse the racial gaze by investigating how respondents view settler Australian politics, values, priorities and lifestyles. Through interviews with Aboriginal people this research provides a basis for settler Australians to discover how they are viewed from an Aboriginal perspective. It repositions the normativity of settler Australian culture, a prerequisite for a truly multicultural society. Our analysis argues the narratives of the participants produce a story of Aboriginal rejection of the White Australian neo-liberal deal of individual advancement through economic pathways of employment and hyper-consumption. The findings support Honneth’s arguments about the importance of intersubjective recognition by pointing to the way misrecognition creates and reinforces social exclusion.
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Foroughi, E., R. Misajon, and R. A. Cummins. "The Relationships Between Migration, Social Support, and Social Integration on Quality of Life." Behaviour Change 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.18.3.156.
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AbstractPast research indicates that humans have a remarkable ability to maintain normal levels of subjective wellbeing despite adverse objective circumstances. This suggests that such wellbeing may be held under homeostatic control. This paper investigates some of the potential factors that may contribute to this homeostatic mechanism, in response to the major life event of migration. Three groups were examined: Persian immigrants to Australia (Persian-Australians), non-Persian Australians, and Persians residing in Iran. A total of 330 subjects were recruited. A notable finding was that all three groups did not differ in regard to subjective wellbeing, despite the Persian-Australians being a minority ethnic group in Australia, and the Persians having significantly lower objective life quality. The Persian-Australians who migrated at an older age reported lower subjective quality of life, while the number of years of residence in Australia did not appear to be related to the extent of social integration. Subjective life quality was, however, related to subjective social support for the Australian and Persian samples, and to reciprocality of support for the Persian-Australians.
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Colley, Sarah. "Archaeology and education in Australia." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0006631x.
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Aboriginal, Historical and Maritime archaeology have been taught in Australian universities since the 1960s, and archaeology has made major contributions to our understanding of Australia's past. Yet many Australians are still more interested in archaeology overseas than in Australia itself. This partly reflects Australia's history as a former British colony which currently has a minority of indigenous Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, many of whom regard archaeology as yet another colonial imposition which at best is largely irrelevant to their own understanding of their history. Present government policies empower Aboriginal people to veto certain kinds of archaeological research they do not agree with. At minimum this may require archaeologists to engage in what can become protracted consultation, with uncertain outcomes.
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Nasir, Bushra F., Emma Black, Maree Toombs, Steve Kisely, Neeraj Gill, Gavin Beccaria, Srinivas Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan, and Geoffrey Nicholson. "Traumatic life events and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder among the Indigenous population of regional, remote and metropolitan Central-Eastern Australia: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e040875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040875.
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ObjectiveTrauma is reported by 70% of the global population and 4% of those exposed develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but data from Indigenous populations are limited. We aimed to determine the prevalence, types and age of occurrence of traumatic events among community-living Indigenous Australians and associations with PTSD.DesignLifetime trauma and PTSD were quantified among a broadly representative sample of 544 Indigenous participants using a diagnostic clinical interview. Logistic regression examined predictors of PTSD.SettingMetropolitan, regional and remote areas of Southern Queensland and Northern New South Wales.ParticipantsIndigenous Australians 18 years and older.Outcome measuresPrevalence of traumatic life events and risk of PTSD.Results64.9% of participants (standardised prevalence 62.6%) reported lifetime trauma, with more than one trauma category in 62.3%. Females reported 2.3 times more sexual violence, otherwise no gender differences existed. The prevalence of four common trauma categories were 1.7–3.0 times higher than in the Australian population; physical violence being the highest relative risk. Although overall childhood trauma was not increased, sexual or physical violence before age 15 was twice more common than in the Australian population.The standardised prevalence of 12-month PTSD was 13.3% (95% CI 10.4 to 16.1), 16.1% (95% CI 12.2 to 19.9) in females and 8.2% (95% CI 5.3 to 11.1) in males, three times the Australian rates. In multiple regression analysis, independent predictors of PTSD were female gender (OR 2.1), rural residence (OR 3.0), trauma under age 10 (OR 2.2), sexual (without physical) violence (OR 2.5), physical (without sexual) violence (OR 2.3), and both sexual and physical violence (OR 5.0).ConclusionIndigenous Australians are more likely to experience potentially harmful traumas and develop PTSD than other Australians. Mitigation of trauma among Indigenous Australians, particularly childhood exposure and sexual or physical violence, is essential to reduce their high burden of PTSD.
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Prowse, Christopher C. "Aboriginal Disadvantage and Collective Moral Responsibility." Pacifica: Australasian Theological Studies 10, no. 1 (February 1997): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1030570x9701000106.
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Australia's relationship with its Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples has changed in recent years. A most positive movement towards reconciliation is growing but not without being continually challenged by entrenched racist attitudes and sinful social structures within the community. This article attempts to offer some ethicaltheological parameters around which this fragile desire for reconciliation might mature. It discusses the results of recent data in the light of the concept of collective responsibility with its corresponding ethical implications. An application of these concepts to the Australian Christian churches is initiated and an overall challenge to all Australians will be suggested.
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Jolly, Martyn. "ExposingThe Australians: Australiana Photobooks of the 1960s." History of Photography 38, no. 3 (July 3, 2014): 276–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.2014.939819.
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Shepherd, Stephane M., Danielle Newton, and Karen Farquharson. "Pathways to offending for young Sudanese Australians." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 51, no. 4 (December 19, 2017): 481–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865817749262.
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Many Sudanese Australians have faced re-settlement challenges since migrating to Australia from the late 1990s onwards. Challenges have included language barriers, obtaining stable housing, acquiring employment, acculturative stressors and discrimination. Moreover, many have been exposed to pre-migratory traumas and family fragmentation. Despite these difficulties, the vast majority of Sudanese Australians have integrated successfully into the fabric of Australian society. Yet a small number of young Sudanese Australians are at-risk for violence and other criminal activities, resulting in their over-representation in the criminal justice system. These circumstances have been the subject of sustained sensationalised media coverage in Australia. However, little academic attention has been afforded to these matters. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature by identifying the self-reported life experiences and offending patterns of Sudanese-Australian youth in custody. Findings illuminated a number of key risk factors for justice system contact and opportunities for intervention.
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Fozdar, Farida. "Asian invisibility/Asian threat: Australians talking about Asia." Journal of Sociology 52, no. 4 (July 10, 2016): 789–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783315593182.
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Members of a marginal Australian political party recently sparked controversy by claiming China wants to ‘take over’ Australia. While apparently the opinion of a minority fringe, little is known about how Australians actually feel about Asia. This article explores the ways in which Asia is constructed in the Australian imagination, arguing it is both ‘invisible’, yet also a source of deep anxiety. Data from 26 focus groups conducted across Australia offer evidence of this invisibility, with Australians preferring to discuss domestic issues over international ones. But Asia is simultaneously a source of anxiety, in that when Australians do talk about Asia, it is in relation to a perceived threat from Asia’s economic power, its large population, its polluting practices, its military might, and its pursuit of mineral and agricultural resources. Such concerns mask fears of a cultural threat. Discursive analysis reveals how the threat from Asia is articulated, and implications for national and post-national identities.
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Summerhayes, Catherine. "Haunting Secrets: Tracey Moffatt's beDevil." Film Quarterly 58, no. 1 (2004): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2004.58.1.14.
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Abstract In her vividly textured, complicated, and passionate film, beDevil, Australian Aboriginal artist and filmmaker Tracey Moffatt avoids easy stereotypes of victims and oppressors. She not only inspects some of the repressed stories of indigenous Australians, but also looks at the bewildered, bedeviled ways in which non-indigenous and indigenous Australians live with each other. Moffatt draws on all aspects of her artistic practice in this feature-length film.
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Broadfield, Kirstie, Glenn Dawes, and Mark David Chong. "Necropolitics and the violence of Indigenous incarceration." Decolonization of Criminology and Justice 3, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/dcj.v3i1.26.
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Since the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody, over thirty years ago, there have been over 400 Indigenous deaths in custody, with 28% of the Australian prison population identifying as Indigenous. Indigenous over-representation in the criminal justice system continues to be an unresolved issue despite varying attempts to reduce the high incidence of incarceration experienced by Indigenous Australians. This paper proposes a fresh approach to analysing the violence of Indigenous incarceration using the theory of necropolitics. The paper represents a critical discussion of a work-in-progress of how an analytical framework based on necropolitics has the potential to elevate the often-silenced voices of vulnerable populations, such as Indigenous Australians, within the criminal justice system. This is because the proposed study will present a multi-level analysis of the overt and covert forms of violence perpetrated against Indigenous Australians within the criminal justice system and unlock the potential of exposing the extent to which unequal relations of power contribute to these forms of violence. The significance of this research therefore lies in its capacity to provide policymakers with deeper insights into how such forms of violence impact upon and further disempower Indigenous Australians in the Australian criminal justice system.
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Shagar, Pravina Santhira, Caroline L. Donovan, Jennifer Boddy, Caley Tapp, Patricia Lee, and Neil Harris. "Body Dissatisfaction, Weight-Related Behaviours, and Health Behaviours: A Comparison Between Australian and Malaysian in Female Emerging Adults." Behaviour Change 38, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2021.9.
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AbstractThe presence of body dissatisfaction (BD) in non-Western countries is an important area of empirical enquiry. The results reflect collectivistic and individualistic cultures of Malaysians and Australians, respectively, whereby social approval, social acceptance, and cultural values are of high importance to Malaysians compared with the more liberal attitudes of Australians with respect to health behaviours. This study sought to compare: (1) Australian and Malaysian women on BD, thin ideal internalisation, sociocultural influences, problematic weight-related behaviours, and health behaviours; and (2) the degree to which BD is associated with health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and sexual behaviours) across the two cultures. Participants were 428 Australian females and 402 Malaysian females aged 18–25 years old. Australians had higher BD, thin ideal internalisation, family and media influences, restrained eating, and poorer health behaviours, while Malaysians had higher peer influence. There was no difference for bulimic behaviours across the two countries. BD was found to have an association with use of drugs, smoking, and sexual behaviours among Malaysian women, but not for Australian participants. The permeation of Western standards of the thin ideal due to increased industrialisation, Westernisation, and modernisation has brought about bulimic behaviours in Malaysian women, similar to that of Australian women.
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Gao, Jia. "Chinese Australians Face a Foreign Influence Panic." Current History 117, no. 800 (September 1, 2018): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2018.117.800.229.
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McMahon SC, Julian. "Anti-Death Penalty Advocacy: A Lawyer’s View From Australia." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.2472.
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This article reviews the executions of Australians in the region and the Australian responses over the past two decades. Informed by the author’s legal defence role in death penalty cases in Singapore and Indonesia, the article explores developments in anti–death penalty advocacy since 2015: the parliamentary enquiry, the ‘whole of government’ strategy led by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the efforts made by Australia and Australians in Asia.
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Crawford, Keith. "Constructing Aboriginal Australians, 1930-1960." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2013.050106.
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This article offers a critical exploration of social studies textbooks and allied curriculum materials used in New South Wales primary schools between 1930 and 1960, and of the way in which these texts positioned, discussed, and assessed Aboriginal Australians. With reference to European commitments to Enlightenment philosophies and social Darwinian views of race and culture, the author argues that Aboriginal peoples were essentialized via a discourse of paternalism and cultural and biological inferiority. Thus othered in narratives of Australian identity and national progress, Aboriginal Australians were ascribed a role as marginalized spectators or as a primitive and disappearing anachronism.