Relevant bibliographies by topics / Australians in Egypt

Academic literature on the topic 'Australians in Egypt'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Mikhailov, V. V. "THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND CORPS IN EGYPT BEFORE LANDING AT GALLIPOLI IN 1915." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 6 (72), no. 4 (2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2020-6-4-86-96.

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The history of the Australian and new Zealand corps (ANZAC) in preparation for the landing on the Gallipoli Peninsula in the Egyptian training camps is studied. The relationship between the rank and file of the corps is analyzed. The study examines the living conditions and relationships of Australians and new Zealanders with the local population in and around Cairo. The study examines the training of corps units in training and exercises, the attitude of soldiers and officers to the quality of training of corps troops, as well as the participation of troops of the Australian-new Zealand army corps in the repulse of the Turkish offensive on the Suez canal in February 1915. An overview of the actions of the landing command to concentrate ANZAC forces in Mudros Bay (Lemnos) before the start of the landing at Gallipoli is given. The article makes extensive use of archival materials of the Australian War Memorial and British archives, the official history of Australia’s participation in world war I, diary entries and letters of Australians and new Zealanders who participated in the first convoy from Australia to Alexandria (Egypt), Russian and foreign research on the initial stage of the Gallipoli operation of the allied forces of the Entente against the Ottoman Empire..
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Ellis, Harold. "Sir Grafton Elliot Smith: distinguished Australian anatomist and Egyptologist." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 82, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2020.0727.

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Mikhailov, V. V. "MOBILISATION IN AUSTRALIA AND THE FORMATION OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND CORPS (ANZAC) IN 1914." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 6(72), no. 2 (2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2020-6-2-95-104.

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The author studies the history of formation of the Australian-new Zealand army corps (ANZAC) formations after the beginning of the First world war. The mobilization activities of the governments of Australia and New Zealand, the reaction of societies in these countries to the world war and participation in it, the features of recruitment of the Australian Imperial Force (AIS) and the new Zealand expeditionary force, the characteristics of the corps command are studied. It shows the main events during the transport of the first convoy with ANZAC troops to training camps in Egypt in the autumn of 1914, the victory of the Australian cruiser Sydney over the German raider – light cruiser Emden during the AIS convoy. Special attention is paid to the connection of events of formation and transport ANZAC with Russia – the presence in the body of Russian emigrants volunteers, and participation in the protection of the convoy and against German raiders in the Pacific and Indian oceans warships of the Russian Navy, «Pearl» and «Askold». The article uses archival materials of the Australian War Memorial and English archives, diary entries and letters of participants of the first convoy from Australia to Alexandria (Egypt).
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Haveric, Dzavid. "Muslim Memories in Victoria." Australian Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 3 (October 18, 2017): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v2i3.55.

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There is no history of Islam in Australia without a history of Muslim communities; there is no history of these Muslim communities without the memories of Australian Muslims. Within Australia’s religiously pluralistic mosaic there is no history of the Muslim faith without sharing universal values with other faiths. This paper is primarily based on empirical research undertaken in Victoria. It is a pioneering exploration of the building of multiethnic Muslim communities and interfaith relations from the 1950s to the 1980s. It is part of much broader research on the history of Islam in Australia. It is kaleidoscopic in its gathering of individual and family migrant memories from Muslims in all walks of life. It includes an older Muslim generation as well as those who came later, in subsequent waves. Muslim interviewees in the research were migrants of various ethnicities from Albania, Bosnia, Cyprus, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Pakistan, Palestine, Sri Lanka, Syria, Turkey, Tanzania and Kenya. Muslim men and women are represented, and also those born in Australia. This research was enhanced by consulting Islamic and Christian archival sources.
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Abdel- Salam,, O., R. Fouad, and T. Deraz. "NUTRITIONAL STUDIES ON AUSTRALIAN CALVES IN NOUBARIA AREA - EGYPT." Journal of Animal and Poultry Production 27, no. 8 (August 1, 2002): 5177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jappmu.2002.256274.

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Hope, Colin. "Miniature Codices from Kellis." Mnemosyne 59, no. 2 (2006): 226–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852506777069727.

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AbstractThis article contains a first edition of two wooden mini-codices found during Australian excavations at Ismant el-Kharab (ancient Kellis) in the Dakhleh Oasis (Egypt). The first codex contains fifteen Greek hexameters belonging to an anonymous and unknown parody of Homer; the second codex contains three Greek division tables. Both texts date from the fourth century CE and apparently come from a local school.
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Costello, Tim, and Nils Von Kalm. "Responding to Refugees in Australia: What is the Christian Response?" Christian Journal for Global Health 5, no. 2 (September 20, 2018): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v5i2.224.

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What role should Christians play in dealing with the march of displaced people across the globe? What moral and spiritual obligations do we owe the distant stranger — the refugee? We can learn from the experience of the Hebrew refugees leaving Egypt and the inclusive nature of the early Christian Church. In the Australian context, this article explores the historical and current attitudes towards asylum seekers and calls for a faith-led movement to stand shoulder to shoulder with those who are demonised and dehumanised.
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Seneta, Eugene. "Joseph Mark Gani 1924–2016." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 1 (2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18014.

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Joe Gani, as he was universally known, was born in Cairo, Egypt, on 15 December 1924 and died in Canberra on 12 April 2016. A visionary leader, mentor, and brilliant organizer, he created the Journal of Applied Probability, and was Chief of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Division of Mathematics and Statistics. A distinguished academic career included posts at the Universities of Sheffield, Kentucky, California at Santa Barbara, and the Australian National University. His numerous research contributions are dominated by stochastic modelling, especially epidemic theory.
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Salem, H. M., E. A. Morsy, E. I. Hassanen, and A. A. Shehata. "Outbreaks of myxomatosis in Egyptian domestic rabbit farms." World Rabbit Science 27, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.10585.

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<p class="Default">Myxomatosis is an endemic infectious, severe and often fatal disease of rabbit caused by myxoma virus. In the present study, myxomatosis outbreaks were reported in 7 domestic rabbit farms in Egypt. Rabbits showed oedema of the eyelids, facial oedema and blepharoconjunctivitis. The morbidity and lethality rates were 18-100% and 20-80%, respectively. The myxomatosis diagnosis was based on histopathology, virus isolation on rabbit kidney cell line (RK-13), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of epidermal hyperplasia, dermal necrosis and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The virus was isolated on RK-13 cells and induced cytopathic effect. Using PCR, a band of 471 base pair corresponding to the M071L gene was amplified from extracted DNA. Sequence alignment of four out of the 7 isolates revealed that these isolates were 98-99% identical to European and Australian rabbit myxoma reference viruses. In conclusion, rabbit myxomatosis outbreaks and virus isolation procedures are reported herein for the first time in Egypt. Preventive policies against disease circulation should be adopted by the national authorities.</p>
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Arief, Omnia M., Jiayin Pang, Kamal H. Shaltout, and Hans Lambers. "Performance of two Lupinus albus L. cultivars in response to three soil pH levels." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 3 (November 14, 2019): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479719000383.

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AbstractSoil alkalinity imposes important limitations to lupin productivity; however, little attention has been paid to investigate the effects of soil alkalinity on plant growth and development. Many lupins are sensitive to alkaline soils, but Lupinus albus material from Egypt was found to have tolerance to limed soils. The aim of this study was to compare the growth response of two cultivars of L.albus L. – an Egyptian cultivar, P27734, and an Australian cultivar, Kiev Mutant, to different soil pH levels and to understand the physiological mechanisms underlying agronomic alkalinity tolerance of P27734. Plants were grown under three pH levels (5.1, 6.7, and 7.8) in a temperature-controlled glasshouse. For both cultivars, the greatest dry mass production and carboxylate exudation from roots were observed at alkaline pH. The better performance of the Egyptian cultivar at high pH was entirely accounted for by its greater seed weight. From a physiological perspective, the Australian cultivar was as alkaline-tolerant as the Egyptian cultivar. These findings highlight the agronomic importance of seed weight for sowing, and both cultivars can be used in alkaline soils.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Barda, Rachel Marlene. "The Migration Experience of the Jews of Egypt to Australia, 1948-1967: A model of acculturation." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1145.

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Doctor of Philosophy
This thesis has tried to construct a comprehensive analysis of a clearly defined community of Egyptian Jews in Australia and France, based on the oral history of Egyptian born migrants. Built around the conceptual framework of forced emigration, integration and acculturation, it looks at the successful experience of this particular migrant group within both Australian and French societies. Like the other Jewish communities of Arab lands, the Egyptian Jewish community no longer exists, as it was either expelled or forced into exile in the aftermath of the three Arab-Israeli wars (1948, 1956, 1967). This thesis argues that the rise of an exclusively Arab-Islamic type of nationalism, the growth of Islamic fundamentalism and the escalating Arab-Israeli conflict constituted the fundamental causes for the demise of Egyptian Jewry. As a consequence, almost half of the Jewish population of Egypt went to Israel. The rest dispersed throughout the Western world, mainly in France, North and South America. In Australia, a small group of around 2,000 found a new home. Apart from those who migrated to Israel, the majority of Egyptian Jews experienced a waiting period in Europe before they were accepted by any of the countries of immigration, a period facilitated by international and local Jewish welfare agencies. My interviewees chose Australia mostly to be reunited with family members. They first had to overcome the racial discrimination of the ‘White Australia’ Immigration policy towards Jews of Middle Eastern origin, a hurdle surmounted thanks to the tireless efforts of some leaders of the Australian Jewish community. With their multiple language skills, multi-layered identity and innate ability to interact with a variety of ethnic groups, they succeeded in establishing themselves in an unfamiliar country that initially welcomed them reluctantly. As such, they can be said to have successfully acculturated and integrated into Australian society, whilst retaining their own cultural diversity. The more numerous Egyptian Jews living in France also successfully acculturated. As a larger group, they were better equipped to assert themselves within the older Jewish/French community and retain their distinctive Sephardi culture. Studies such as the present one provide insight into the process of integration and identity reconstruction, as well as the diverse strategies used to ensure a successful acculturation, and the value of a multi-layered identity.
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Books on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Prehistoric and Egyptian Medicine. New York, USA: Enchanted Lion Books, 2005.

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Likeman, Robert. From the tropics to the desert: German New Guinea, Egypt & Palestine, 1914-1921. McCrae, Vic: Slouch Hat Publications, 2012.

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Kanawati, Naguib. A mountain speaks: The first Australian excavation in Egypt. Sydney, Australia: Macquarie University, 1988.

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Warby, John. The 25 pounders -- from Egypt to Borneo: Campaigns in Syria, Kumusi River, Salamaua, Lae, Finschhafen, and Balikpapan : the story of the 2/6th Australian Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery, Australian Imperial Forces, 1940-1946 : an anecdotal history. Pymble, NSW: 2/6th Field Regiment Association, 1995.

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Smith, Alan H. Battle winners: Australian artillery in the Western Desert 1940 - 1942. West Geelong, Victoria, Australia: Echo Books, 2014.

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Johnston, Mark. Alamein: The Australian story. South Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press, 2002.

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Dornan, Peter. The last man standing: Herb Ashby and the Battle of El Alamein. Crows Nest, N.S.W., Australia: Allen & Unwin, 2006.

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Memorial, Australian War, ed. Tobruk and El Alamein. Sydney: Collins, in association with the Australian War Memorial, 1987.

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Ellis, A. D. The story of the Fifth Australian Division: Being an authoriative account of the division's doings in Egypt, France and Belgium. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2002.

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Blaich, Horst. The Blaich genealogy 1578-2010: Thirteen generations of Blaich family history in Germany, the Americas, Palestine, Africa, Syria, Egypt and Australia. Bayswater, Victoria: Horst Blaich in conjunction with Irene Blaich, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Madigan, Patricia. "Religion and the State: Contexts, Controversies, and Conjectures in Australia, Indonesia, and Egypt." In Religion, Authority, and the State, 33–52. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59990-2_2.

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Pearsall, Sarah M. S. "6. Modern encounters." In Polygamy: A Very Short Introduction, 84–101. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780197533178.003.0007.

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‘Modern encounters’ argues that despite increasing condemnations of polygamy, it continued around the world, well into the twentieth century, in increasingly altered modern contexts. Polygamy around the world began to seem to many, even in cultures of traditional polygamy such as those in Egypt and Turkey, to be inferior, uncivilized, and embarrassing. There was increasing legislation against it as nations sought to prove their progress and international standing through limitations on polygamy. Yet there were still many adherents and practitioners of polygamy across a range of settings. Many people, including renegade Mormons in Canada, indigenous Americans, Aboriginal Australians, and Māori people in New Zealand, practiced polygamy, as did Thai, Chinese, and Nigerian people.
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"Egypt Blockades Suez." In Letters to Australia, Volume 3, 219–21. Sydney University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv102bjbs.85.

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Fraser, James. "From Egypt to Australia:." In Speak My Name, 24–35. Sydney University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv31svrpb.7.

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"No. 27462. Australia and Egypt." In United Nations Treaty Series, 351–403. UN, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e06147a0-en-fr.

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"No. 26658. Australia and Egypt." In United Nations Treaty Series, 237–48. UN, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/8a8a867e-en-fr.

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"No. 39236. Australia and Egypt." In United Nations Treaty Series, 347–83. UN, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/40ae0560-en-fr.

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"No. 39235. Australia and Egypt." In United Nations Treaty Series, 327–45. UN, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/b94f0bcf-en-fr.

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"Coups in Egypt, Iran – Feudal Realities." In Letters to Australia, Volume 4, 71–72. Sydney University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx8b7c5.32.

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"British Famine and Corn in Egypt." In Letters to Australia, Volume 2, 107–9. Sydney University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv16b77gr.38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Noweir, M. A., and Amr Shaban Fheel*. "Structural Evolution of Extensional Phanerozoic Rift Blocks: El Hamrawein Area, Northwest Red Sea, Eastern Desert, Egypt." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2212373.

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Younes*, Mohamed A. "Burial History and Hydrocarbon Generation Modeling of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Succession in the Northern Western Desert of Egypt." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2193979.

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Rohais*, Sebastien, Aurelien Barrois, Bernard Colletta, and Isabelle Moretti. "Presalt to Salt Paleogeography and Stratigraphic Architecture in a Rift Basin: Insights From a Basin-Scale Study of the Gulf of Suez (Egypt)." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2211065.

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Reports on the topic "Australians in Egypt"

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Tian, Nan, Siemon T. Wezeman, Pieter D. Wezeman, Aude Fleurant, and Alexandra Kuimova. Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2018. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/sxak9616.

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The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2014–18 was 7.8 per cent higher than in 2009–13 and 23 per cent higher than in 2004–2008. The five largest exporters in 2014–18 were the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China. The five largest importers were Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, Australia and Algeria. The flow of arms to the Middle East increased by 87 per cent between 2009–13 and 2014–18, while there was a decrease in flows to all other regions. From 11 March 2019 the freely accessible SIPRI Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on arms transfers for 1950–2018. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet highlights global and regional trends and selected issues related to arms transfers.
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Wezeman, Pieter, Aude Fleurant, Alexandra Kuimova, Diego Lopes da Silva, Nan Tian, and Siemon Wezeman. Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2019. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/yjyw4676.

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The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2015–19 was 5.5 per cent higher than in 2010–14 and 20 per cent higher than in 2005–2009. The five largest exporters in 2015–19 were the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China. The five largest importers were Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, Australia and China. Between 2010–14 and 2015–19, there were increases in arms transfers to the Middle East and to Europe, while there were decreases in the transfers to Africa, the Americas and Asia and Oceania. From 9 March 2020 the freely accessible SIPRI Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on arms transfers for 1950–2019. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet presents global trends in arms exports and arms imports and highlights selected issues related to arms transfers.
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Wezeman, Pieter, Alexandra Kuimova, and Siemon Wezeman. Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2020. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/mbxq1526.

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The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2016–20 was 0.5 per cent lower than in 2011–15 and 12 per cent higher than in 2006–10. The five largest arms exporters in 2016–20 were the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China. The five largest arms importers were Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, Australia and China. Between 2011–15 and 2016–20 there were increases in arms transfers to the Middle East and to Europe, while there were decreases in the transfers to Africa, the Americas, and Asia and Oceania. From 15 March 2021 SIPRI’s open-access Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on transfers of major arms for 1950–2020, which replaces all previous data on arms transfers published by SIPRI. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet presents global trends in arms exports and arms imports, and highlights selected issues related to transfers of major arms.
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Wezeman, Pieter D., Alexandra Kuimova, and Siemon T. Wezeman. Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2021. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/cbzj9986.

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The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2017–21 was 4.6 per cent lower than in 2012–16, but was 3.9 per cent higher than in 2007–11. The five largest arms exporters in 2017–21 were the United States, Russia, France, China and Germany. The five largest arms importers were India, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Australia and China. Between 2012–16 and 2017–21 there were increases in arms transfers to Europe (19 per cent) and to the Middle East (2.8 per cent), while there were decreases in the transfers to the Americas (–36 per cent), Africa (–34 per cent), and Asia and Oceania (–4.7 per cent). From 14 March 2022 SIPRI’s open-access Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on transfers of major arms for 1950–2021, which replaces all previous data on arms transfers published by SIPRI. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet presents global trends in arms exports and arms imports, and highlights selected issues related to transfers of major arms.
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Ossoff, Will, Naz Modirzadeh, and Dustin Lewis. Preparing for a Twenty-Four-Month Sprint: A Primer for Prospective and New Elected Members of the United Nations Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/tzle1195.

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Under the United Nations Charter, the U.N. Security Council has several important functions and powers, not least with regard to taking binding actions to maintain international peace and security. The ten elected members have the opportunity to influence this area and others during their two-year terms on the Council. In this paper, we aim to illustrate some of these opportunities, identify potential guidance from prior elected members’ experiences, and outline the key procedures that incoming elected members should be aware of as they prepare to join the Council. In doing so, we seek in part to summarize the current state of scholarship and policy analysis in an effort to make this material more accessible to States and, particularly, to States’ legal advisers. We drafted this paper with a view towards States that have been elected and are preparing to join the Council, as well as for those States that are considering bidding for a seat on the Council. As a starting point, it may be warranted to dedicate resources for personnel at home in the capital and at the Mission in New York to become deeply familiar with the language, structure, and content of the relevant provisions of the U.N. Charter. That is because it is through those provisions that Council members engage in the diverse forms of political contestation and cooperation at the center of the Council’s work. In both the Charter itself and the Council’s practices and procedures, there are structural impediments that may hinder the influence of elected members on the Security Council. These include the permanent members’ veto power over decisions on matters not characterized as procedural and the short preparation time for newly elected members. Nevertheless, elected members have found creative ways to have an impact. Many of the Council’s “procedures” — such as the “penholder” system for drafting resolutions — are informal practices that can be navigated by resourceful and well-prepared elected members. Mechanisms through which elected members can exert influence include the following: Drafting resolutions; Drafting Presidential Statements, which might serve as a prelude to future resolutions; Drafting Notes by the President, which can be used, among other things, to change Council working methods; Chairing subsidiary bodies, such as sanctions committees; Chairing the Presidency; Introducing new substantive topics onto the Council’s agenda; and Undertaking “Arria-formula” meetings, which allow for broader participation from outside the Council. Case studies help illustrate the types and degrees of impact that elected members can have through their own initiative. Examples include the following undertakings: Canada’s emphasis in 1999–2000 on civilian protection, which led to numerous resolutions and the establishment of civilian protection as a topic on which the Council remains “seized” and continues to have regular debates; Belgium’s effort in 2007 to clarify the Council’s strategy around addressing natural resources and armed conflict, which resulted in a Presidential Statement; Australia’s efforts in 2014 resulting in the placing of the North Korean human rights situation on the Council’s agenda for the first time; and Brazil’s “Responsibility while Protecting” 2011 concept note, which helped shape debate around the Responsibility to Protect concept. Elected members have also influenced Council processes by working together in diverse coalitions. Examples include the following instances: Egypt, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Uruguay drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2016 on the protection of health-care workers in armed conflict; Cote d’Ivoire, Kuwait, the Netherlands, and Sweden drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2018 condemning the use of famine as an instrument of warfare; Malaysia, New Zealand, Senegal, and Venezuela tabled a 2016 resolution, which was ultimately adopted, condemning Israeli settlements in Palestinian territory; and A group of successive elected members helped reform the process around the imposition of sanctions against al-Qaeda and associated entities (later including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant), including by establishing an Ombudsperson. Past elected members’ experiences may offer some specific pieces of guidance for new members preparing to take their seats on the Council. For example, prospective, new, and current members might seek to take the following measures: Increase the size of and support for the staff of the Mission to the U.N., both in New York and in home capitals; Deploy high-level officials to help gain support for initiatives; Partner with members of the P5 who are the informal “penholder” on certain topics, as this may offer more opportunities to draft resolutions; Build support for initiatives from U.N. Member States that do not currently sit on the Council; and Leave enough time to see initiatives through to completion and continue to follow up after leaving the Council.
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