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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Australian twins

Academic literature on the topic 'Australian twins'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Australian twins"

1

Sadrzadeh, Sheda, Susan A. Treloar, G. Caroline M. van Baal, and Cornelis B. Lambalk. "Potential Bias Regarding Birth Weight in Historical and Contemporary Twin Data Bases." Twin Research 4, no. 5 (October 1, 2001): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.4.5.332.

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AbstractIn this study we examine the hypothesis that monozygotic (MZ) twins in historical databases are less discordant for birth weight due to negative selection of severely discordant MZ twins. Furthermore, we test the hypothesis that MZ twins are less discordant for birth weight when comparing a volunteer based twin registry with a population based twin registry, due to selective registration. Data were available on 3927 twin pairs from the volunteer Australian Twin Registry born before 1964, 3059 volunteer twin pairs from the Netherlands Twin Register born 1987–1989 and 454 Belgian twin pairs from The East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey born 1987–1989. Intrapair relative birth weight differences (RBWD) were computed for MZ and dizygotic (DZ) twins from each twin registry. Comparing birth weight differences between MZ and DZ twins provides support for the hypothesis that MZ twins are subject to a negative selection in historical databases. Furthermore, Australian MZ twins have a lower RBWD compared to Dutch MZ twins when corrected for the RBWD of Australian and Dutch DZ twins, indicating circumstances which only affect MZ twins. Our hypothesis that MZ twins are less discordant for birth weight in a volunteer based twin registry compared to a population based twin registry had to be rejected. We suggest that investigators using historical databases to test the fetal origins hypothesis should be aware of this increased likelihood of selective exclusion of individuals with extreme morphometric parameters at time of birth.

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Hopper, John L., Debra L. Foley, Paul A. White, and Vincent Pollaers. "Australian Twin Registry: 30 Years of Progress." Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, no. 1 (December 3, 2012): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.121.

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The Australian Twin Registry (ATR) is a national volunteer resource of twin pairs and higher-order multiples willing to consider participating in health, medical, and scientific research. The vision of the ATR is ‘to realize the full potential of research involving twins to improve the health and well-being of all Australians’. The ATR has been funded continuously by the National Health and Medical Council for more than 30 years. Its core functions entail the recruitment and retention of twin members, the maintenance of an up-to-date database containing members’ contact details and baseline information, and the promotion and provision of open access to researchers from all institutes in Australia, and their collaborators, in a fair and equitable manner. The ATR is administered by The University of Melbourne, which acts as custodian. Since the late 1970s the ATR has enrolled more than 40,000 twin pairs of all zygosities and facilitated more than 500 studies that have produced at least 700 peer-reviewed publications from classical twin studies, co-twin control studies, within-pair comparisons, twin family studies, longitudinal twin studies, randomized controlled trials, and epigenetics studies, as well as studies of issues specific to twins. New initiatives include: a Health and Life Style Questionnaire; data collection, management, and archiving using a secure online software program (The Ark); and the International Network of Twin Registries. The ATR's expertise and 30 years of experience in providing services to national and international twin studies has made it an important resource for research across a broad range of disciplines.

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Townsend, G. C., T. Brown, L. C. Richards, J. R. Rogers, S. K. Pinkerton, G. R. Travan, and V. B. Burgess. "Metric Analyses of the Teeth and Faces of South Australian Twins." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 35, no. 3-4 (October 1986): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000005699.

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AbstractProcedures are described for the acquisition and analysis of data in a study of the dental and facial characteristics of South Australian twins. Comparisons of the mesiodistal diameters of maxillary incisors in MZ and DZ twins revealed heterogeneity of total variances and evidence of inequality of mean values for some dimensions between MZ and DZ twins. Previous estimates of heritabilities for tooth size, relying on classical assumptions in twin research, may be exaggerated. A preliminary analysis of facial shape was undertaken using a procedure for shape matching based on a least squares fit of homologous coordinates. There was evidence of mirror-imaging in some MZ twin pairs and differences in facial asymmetry between male and female DZ twins. Future extensions of the study using methods for three-dimensional shape analysis are described.

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Ferreira, Paulo H., Vinicius C. Oliveira, Daniela R. Junqueira, Lígia C. Cisneros, Lucas C. Ferreira, Kate Murphy, Juan R. Ordoñana, John L. Hopper, and Luci F. Teixeira-Salmela. "The Brazilian Twin Registry." Twin Research and Human Genetics 19, no. 6 (November 17, 2016): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2016.83.

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The Brazilian Twin Registry (BTR) was established in 2013 and has impelled twin research in South America. The main aim of the initiative was to create a resource that would be accessible to the Brazilian scientific community as well as international researchers interested in the investigation of the contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the development of common diseases, phenotypes, and human behavior traits. The BTR is a joint effort between academic and governmental institutions from Brazil and Australia. The collaboration includes the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) in Brazil, the University of Sydney and University of Melbourne in Australia, the Australian Twin Registry, as well as the research foundations CNPq and CAPES in Brazil. The BTR is a member of the International Network of Twin Registries. Recruitment strategies used to register twins have been through participation in a longitudinal study investigating genetic and environmental factors for low back pain occurrence, and from a variety of sources including media campaigns and social networking. Currently, 291 twins are registered in the BTR, with data on demographics, zygosity, anthropometrics, and health history having been collected from 151 twins using a standardized self-reported questionnaire. Future BTR plans include the registration of thousands of Brazilian twins identified from different sources and collaborate nationally and internationally with other research groups interested on twin studies.

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Duffy, D. L., L. S. Spelman, and N. G. Martin. "Psoriasis in Australian twins." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 29, no. 3 (September 1993): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(93)70206-9.

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Hay, D. A., C. Clifford, P. Derrick, J. Hopper, B. Renard, and T. M. Theobald. "Twin Children in Volunteer Registries: Biases in Parental Participation and Reporting." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 39, no. 1 (January 1990): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000005584.

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AbstractThe biases in volutary participation by adult twins are well known but less attention has been paid to twin children where parents decide on participation and provide much of the information. Several aspects of reporting including the assessment of zygosity are compared in four large Australian data bases: 1) a nationwide compulsory (and hence representative) survey of literacy and numeracy; 2) a nationwide “Twins in School” survey of parents and teachers of twins run through Education Departments and AMBA, the parents organisation in conjunction with LaTrobe; 3) the LaTrobe Twin Study which is a longitudinal program involving frequent interactions between families and researchers, and 4) the Australian NHMRC Twin Registry which has surveyed a large sample of their families with twin children by mail. One potential bias comes when recruitment is on a continuing basis as in the LaTrobe Twin Study and the Australian Twin Registry when differences between “early” and “late” enrolling families arise. One difference between the four samples arose from parents being much more likely to contrast their twins and to report problems in one but not the other, whereas teachers' and psychologists' assessments of these same children generally reported much smaller intrapair differences. Future studies should have some common questions to provide comparative data on such biases. Key questions are proposed for this area, mainly on the perceived need for different forms of remediation, together with other recommendations about the minimal essential baseline data set for a registry.

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Bennett, Kellie S., David A. Hay, Jan Piek, Jillian Pearsall-Jones, Florence Levy, and Neilson Martin. "The Australian Twin ADHD Project: Current Status and Future Directions." Twin Research and Human Genetics 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2006): 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.6.718.

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AbstractThis article describes the Australian Twin Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Project (ATAP), the results of research conducted using this database and plans for future studies. Information has been actively collected from Australian families with twin children since 1991 for the ATAP database. The value of assessing siblings as well as twins is emphasized. Much work has gone into continuing the involvement of families in the study though this does become more difficult when twins reach maturity. The main focus of the project is ADHD in children and adolescents plus comorbid conditions including conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. A major challenge has been how to retain continuity in the assessments, while at the same time covering changes in psychiatric classification, such as the move to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Changes in the scale can affect the reports of twin similarity. Over the years, these twins have become part of other twin studies and future plans include linking different twin databases to investigate the relationships between childhood behavior and adult conditions. Recruitment, assessment and retention of twin families require a major commitment but create a significant resource for collaboration in areas outside the original aim.

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Tyler, Jessica, Janine Lam, Katrina Scurrah, and Gillian Dite. "The Association Between Chronic Disease and Psychological Distress: An Australian Twin Study." Twin Research and Human Genetics 23, no. 6 (December 2020): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2020.86.

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AbstractThere is a commonly observed association between chronic disease and psychological distress, but many potential factors could confound this association. This study investigated the association using a powerful twin study design that can control for unmeasured confounders that are shared between twins, including genetic and environmental factors. We used twin-paired cross-sectional data from the Adult Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire collected by Twins Research Australia from 2014 to 2017. Linear regression models fitted using maximum likelihood estimations (MLE) were used to test the association between self-reported chronic disease status and psychological distress, measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). When comparing between twin pairs, having any chronic disease was associated with a 1.29 increase in K6 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.66; p < .001). When comparing twins within a pair, having any chronic disease was associated with a 0.36 increase in K6 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.71; p = .049). This within-pair estimate is of most interest as comparing twins within a pair naturally controls for shared factors such as genes, age and shared lived experiences. Whereas the between-pair estimate does not. The weaker effect found within pairs tells us that genetic and environmental factors shared between twins confounds the relationship between chronic disease and psychological distress. This suggests that associations found in unrelated samples may show exaggerated estimates.

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Larsen, Sally A., Callie W. Little, Katrina Grasby, Brian Byrne, Richard K. Olson, and William L. Coventry. "The Academic Development Study of Australian Twins (ADSAT): Research Aims and Design." Twin Research and Human Genetics 23, no. 3 (June 2020): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2020.49.

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AbstractThe Academic Development Study of Australian Twins was established in 2012 with the purpose of investigating the relative influence of genes and environments in literacy and numeracy capabilities across two primary and two secondary school grades in Australia. It is the first longitudinal twin project of its kind in Australia and comprises a sample of 2762 twin pairs, 40 triplet sets and 1485 nontwin siblings. Measures include standardized literacy and numeracy test data collected at Grades 3, 5, 7 and 9 as part of the National Assessment Program: Literacy and Numeracy. A range of demographic and behavioral data was also collected, some at multiple longitudinal time points. This article outlines the background and rationale for the study and provides an overview for the research design, sample and measures collected. Findings emerging from the project and future directions are discussed.

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Sachdev, Perminder S., Andrea Lammel, Julian N. Trollor, Teresa Lee, Margaret J. Wright, David Ames, Wei Wen, Nicholas G. Martin, Henry Brodaty, and Peter R. Schofield. "A Comprehensive Neuropsychiatric Study of Elderly Twins: The Older Australian Twins Study." Twin Research and Human Genetics 12, no. 6 (December 1, 2009): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.12.6.573.

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AbstractThe Older Australian Twins Study (OATS) was recently initiated to investigate genetic and environmental factors and their associations and interactions in healthy brain ageing and ageing-related neurocognitive disorders. The study extends the classic MZ-DZ design to include one or two equivalently aged siblings for each twin pair and utilizes the rich resources of the Australian Twin Registry. The study has a number of distinguishing features including comprehensive psychiatric, neuropsychological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neuroimaging assessments, a longitudinal design and links with a brain donor program. The study measures many behavioral and environmental factors, but in particular lifetime physical and mental activity, physical and psychological trauma, loss of parent early in life, later losses and life events, early-life socioeconomic environment, alcohol and drug use, occupational exposure, and nutrition. It also includes comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, blood biochemistry, genetics and proteomics. The socio-demographic and health data on the first 172 pairs of twins participating in this study are presented. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is 12.8% and of dementia 1.5% in the sample. The target sample size is 1000, with at least 400 pairs of twins aged 65–90 years. The cohort will be assessed every two years, with in-depth assessments being repeated. OATS offers an excellent opportunity for collaboration with other similar studies as well as researchers who share the same interests.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Australian twins"

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Hansen, Janice. "The Western Australian register of multiple births : a twin-family study of asthma /." Connect to this title, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0204.

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Dempsey, Paula Jane. "Genetic and environmental contributions to morphological variation in the human permanent dentition : a study of Australian twins." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd389.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 348-366. Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons.

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Hansen, Janice. "The Western Australian register of multiple births : a twin-family study of asthma." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0204.

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[Truncated abstract] Background: Genetic epidemiology draws on the mechanisms of heredity and the reproductive characteristics of populations to formulate methods to investigate the role of genetic factors and their interaction with the environment in disease aetiology. Asthma and atopy are complex genetic disorders and are among the most common diseases to affect the developed world. Twin studies provide an elegant means of disentangling genetic and environmental contributions to the aetiology of conditions that have a significant impact on the health of the general population in ways that cannot be achieved by any other study design, by comparing disease frequency in monozygotic (MZ) or identical twins, who share 100% of their genes with that in dizygotic (DZ) or non-identical twins who share, on average, 50% of their genes. Twin-family studies allow the complete partitioning of phenotypic variation into components representing additive genetic, dominance, shared environment and non-shared environment. ... For twin family data, the best fitting model was the one which included additive genetic effects and either genetic dominance or shared sibling environment, and that shared family environment was not important. With respect to asthma in WA twin families, there are no reasons to conclude that the EEA is not valid. Conclusions: The WA Twin Register is the first population-based register of childhood multiples to be established in Australia, and the WATCH study is one of only a few population-based twin-family studies in the world. Families who participated in the WATCH study were no different from non-participants with respect to social class and there was no difference in the prevalence of DDA in WATCH study twins and either their singleton siblings or the general population of WA children. Results from the GEE models replicate those found in numerous studies from many different countries. The BUGS models developed have been shown to produce consistent results with both simulated and real data sets and offer alternative methods of analyzing twin and twin-family data. By including an extra term in the partitioning of the variance to account for the environment effect of being a MZ twin, a numerical value is calculated for the difference in MZ and DZ correlation with respect to the phenotype examined, which allows the validity of the EEA to be directly assessed.

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Brittle, Shane Anthony. "Fiscal policy and private saving in Australia Ricardian equivalence, twin deficits and broader policy inferences /." Access electronically, 2009. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3032.

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Sheikhi, Abdullah. "Australian twin and molecular genetic study on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its co-morbidity with reading disability." Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/281.

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Aim: This study aims to investigate the genetic components of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Reading Disability (RD), and their comorbidity. Methods: Three approaches were applied to data from 2610 Australian twin families. This data was obtained by parental completion of the ‘Twin and Sibling Questionnaire'. 1) Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to generate genetically independent classes that defined ADHD subtypes and RD based on related cluster symptoms. 2) Genetic modelling was used to study the particular genetic and environmental effects of each ADHD subtype and of RD, and to examine whether children identified with comorbid ADHD-RD are a genetically distinct group from those who have only ADHD without RD. 3) A family-based genetic association, including haplotype block analysis, was applied to compare the efficacy of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and LCA in the genotyping analysis, to test the genetic overlap of ADHD candidate genes on RD phenotypes.and vice versa, and to detect some of the risk alleles of ADHD alone, RD alone, and comorbid ADHD-RD. This analysis was performed on a data set that included 190 individuals from the original sample; it tested twenty-one Single Nucleotide Polyrnorphisms (SNPs) from five ADHD candidate genes (DRD4, DATI, SNAP25, COMT, and HTR1B), and four RD candidate genes (MRS2L, KIAA0319, TTRAP, and THEM2) from the 6p22.2 region.Results: The LCA dissected the phenotypes for ADHD and RD into nine genetically informative classes. Univariate and bivariate results indicated the presence of unique genetic components on each ADHD subtype and RD category, and also showed the existence of genetic factors for comorbid ADHD-RD. The association findings, using continuous data represented by scores,of DSM-IV-defined ADHD and RD, showed two significant associations for ADHD and RD, whereas the association findings for the categorical data, represented by LCA, were richer as they showed 15 significant single-locus with ADHD and RD latent classes. Some of these association results were between ADHD candidate SNPs with RD latent classes and ADHD-RD comorbid classes. Some RD candidate SNPs were associated with ADHD latent classes and ADHD-RD comorbid classes. Haplotype block analysis detected a presence of one significant haplotype block containing two haplotype-tagging SNPs (ht-SNPs) of the COMT gene (rs4680 and rs165599), including three risk alleles ('AA', 'GC', and 'AC') that were associated with some phenotypic RD components. Conclusion: This study found that the use of ADHD-RD latent classes is more suitable for performing genetic association studies and haplotype block analysis than is DSM-IV- defined ADHD and RD definitions. Furthermore, there is an overlapping of genetic effect, as ADHD candidate genes contributed to RD phenotypes and vice versa. Thirdly, ADHD-RD comorbidity is caused by both ADHD and RD candidate genes.

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Sheikhi, Abdullah. "Australian twin and molecular genetic study on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its co-morbidity with reading disability." Curtin University of Technology, School of Psychology, Division of Health Sciences, 2008. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18548.

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Aim: This study aims to investigate the genetic components of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Reading Disability (RD), and their comorbidity. Methods: Three approaches were applied to data from 2610 Australian twin families. This data was obtained by parental completion of the ‘Twin and Sibling Questionnaire'. 1) Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to generate genetically independent classes that defined ADHD subtypes and RD based on related cluster symptoms. 2) Genetic modelling was used to study the particular genetic and environmental effects of each ADHD subtype and of RD, and to examine whether children identified with comorbid ADHD-RD are a genetically distinct group from those who have only ADHD without RD. 3) A family-based genetic association, including haplotype block analysis, was applied to compare the efficacy of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and LCA in the genotyping analysis, to test the genetic overlap of ADHD candidate genes on RD phenotypes.and vice versa, and to detect some of the risk alleles of ADHD alone, RD alone, and comorbid ADHD-RD. This analysis was performed on a data set that included 190 individuals from the original sample; it tested twenty-one Single Nucleotide Polyrnorphisms (SNPs) from five ADHD candidate genes (DRD4, DATI, SNAP25, COMT, and HTR1B), and four RD candidate genes (MRS2L, KIAA0319, TTRAP, and THEM2) from the 6p22.2 region.
Results: The LCA dissected the phenotypes for ADHD and RD into nine genetically informative classes. Univariate and bivariate results indicated the presence of unique genetic components on each ADHD subtype and RD category, and also showed the existence of genetic factors for comorbid ADHD-RD. The association findings, using continuous data represented by scores,of DSM-IV-defined ADHD and RD, showed two significant associations for ADHD and RD, whereas the association findings for the categorical data, represented by LCA, were richer as they showed 15 significant single-locus with ADHD and RD latent classes. Some of these association results were between ADHD candidate SNPs with RD latent classes and ADHD-RD comorbid classes. Some RD candidate SNPs were associated with ADHD latent classes and ADHD-RD comorbid classes. Haplotype block analysis detected a presence of one significant haplotype block containing two haplotype-tagging SNPs (ht-SNPs) of the COMT gene (rs4680 and rs165599), including three risk alleles ('AA', 'GC', and 'AC') that were associated with some phenotypic RD components. Conclusion: This study found that the use of ADHD-RD latent classes is more suitable for performing genetic association studies and haplotype block analysis than is DSM-IV- defined ADHD and RD definitions. Furthermore, there is an overlapping of genetic effect, as ADHD candidate genes contributed to RD phenotypes and vice versa. Thirdly, ADHD-RD comorbidity is caused by both ADHD and RD candidate genes.

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Athukorala, Asitha Chandimal. "Investigation of wear and ratcheting response of head-hardened Australian rail steel under conditions of rolling contact fatigue." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/95626/9/Asitha_Athukorala_Thesis.pdf.

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The work in this thesis comprehensively investigates the effects of non-uniform material behaviour exhibited by head-hardened Australian rail steel on ratcheting, wear and rolling-contact fatigue. As a result, this research develops novel approaches to characterising rolling-contact fatigue utilising wear debris and surface replication. Furthermore, calibration of material parameters was conducted to obtain a unified material model to elucidate the non-uniform mechanical behaviour of rail steel. All these methods draw attention to the need to refine track maintenance and re-railing practices related to Australian rail steel.

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Gagliardi, Antonio. "The development of the curve of spee in Australian twins." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/82326.

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the development of the curve of Spee in Australian twins as well as to quantify the genetic contribution to the shape of the curve of Spee. The material used in the following study is part of an ongoing project at the University of Adelaide, investigating teeth and faces of twins. The sample investigated comprised pairs of Australian twins from the primary dentition stage through to the permanent dentition stage. Dental study models of the primary (T1), mixed (T2) and permanent (T3) dentitions for each twin pair were mounted and photographed. Landmarks were then digitized and a 2-dimensional interpretation of the curve was analysed. Linear distances were then taken as a representation of the depth of the curvature. By digitizing each landmark, orthogonal polynomials were then fitted to the curve to allow a description of the shape of the curvature. To further investigate the genetic contribution on the development of the curve of Spee a classical twin model was used, broad sense heritability estimates were derived to quantify the extent of genetic contribution to the observed phenotypic variation. The result indicated that the greatest change in the depth of the curve of Spee occurred between mixed and permanent dentitions while the primary to mixed dentitions showed a relatively flat curve. Depth changes were found to be larger in males during the transition to a permanent dentition. Heritability estimates indicated that there is a moderate to high genetic influence on the phenotypic variation of the curve of Spee.
Thesis (D.Clin.Dent.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Dentistry, 2013

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Waldron, Mary Christina. "Parsing quasi-causal relations from confounds : a study of teenage childbearing in Australian twins /." 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3112932.

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Burgin, Hugo Bonython. "A Multiscale Approach towards the Characterisation of Upper Crustal Deformation at Passive Continental Margins: A Case Study on the Otway Basin, Australia." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120858.

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This thesis presents a multiscale structural analysis of upper crustal deformation at a passive continental margin, using the Jurassic - Quaternary Otway Basin along Australia’s southern margin as a case study. Techniques of structural analyses across the micro (calcite twin, magnetic and porefabric analyses), meso (wellbore and outcrop natural fracture analysis) and macroscales (three-dimensional seismic interpretation) providing an effective means of characterising stress and strain across space and time. The integration of these investigative methods at a passive continental margin for the first time, has assisted in reducing structural uncertainty for basin evolution models, delivering original insights into the evolution of stress within these tectonic environments. The results of this study show magnitudes of maximum differential stress as high as 69MPa during extension and continental breakup, in contrast to magnitudes as low as 13MPa during basin inversion. The influence of high extensional stresses during continental break up, resulting in layer parallel stretching (LPSt), a microstructural strain which may develop in layered rock, characterised by an azimuth of stretching or thinning, orthogonal to the orientation of regional extensional faults. LPSt occurs in the early stages of extension, prior to the development of calcite twins, natural fractures, and faults which occur progressively as the intensity and duration of extension increases. This is evidenced in the Otway Basin, where Late Cretaceous aged NE-SW and N-S oriented LPSt is co-axial with extensional azimuths during that time, derived from the stress inversion of seismic scale faults, calcite twins and natural fractures from the outcrop and wellbore. The neotectonic preservation of LPSt in the Otway Ranges, an uplifted section of Early Cretaceous sediments in the Otway Basin, suggests that early grain-scale extensional strain can be preserved during ensuing phases of inversion at continental margins. As during the process of inversion, stress is primarily released through the reactivation of previously formed extensional fault and detachment systems. A process of deformation that results in low levels of coupling between the basement and cover, an observation that is supported by the low magnitudes of compressional stress (13MPa) calculated during the same period. Additionally, the results of this study have improved our understanding of sub-surface fluid flow in the Otway Basin. Geomechanical modelling demonstrating that low contemporary magnitudes of effective normal stress, acting on NW-SE oriented faults, striking parallel to the orientation of maximum horizontal stress, results in a high risk of fault dilation. This suggests that future efforts of exploration for conventional oil and gas systems within the Otway Basin, are best focused where E-W, N-S and NE-SW striking faults interact with the major NW-SE fabric, or where the influence of basin inversion is most pronounced. A major outcome of this study is a new structural framework for the Otway Basin, one that is defined by a consistent pattern of NW-SE striking faults across much of the basin, in contrast to the previous structural model of opposing fault trends in the west and east. The new framework characterises a structural trend that is consistent with faulting patterns in sedimentary provinces to the west and east along Australia’s southern margin.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Australian School of Petroleum, 2019

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Books on the topic "Australian twins"

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Dingo. New York: Firebird, 2008.

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Lint, Charles De. Dingo. New York: Firebird, 2008.

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Hannay, Barbara. Executive: expecting tiny twins. Toronto: Harlequin, 2010.

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Tommo & Hawk. Ringwood, Vic: Penguin Books, 1998.

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Message from forever. New York, NY: Cliff Street Books, 1998.

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Message from forever. London: Thorsons, 1998.

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Australian Technical Workshop on Fishways (3rd 2001 Sunshine Coast, Qld.). Third Australian Technical Workshop on Fishways: Proceedings, 30th August - 1st September, 2001, Novotel Twin Waters Resort, Sunshine Coast, Queensland. Edited by Keller R. J, Peterken Claire, and Monash University Conference Management Office. Clayton, Vic: Monash University-Conference Management Office, 2001.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Mother of the bride. Toronto: Harlequin, 2010.

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Caroline, Anderson. Mother of the Bride. Richmond, Surrey: Mills & Boon, 2010.

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Colleen, McCullough. Bittersweet. Long Preston, North Yorkshire, BD23 4ND, England: Magna Large Print Books, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Australian twins"

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Mihailidis, S., S. N. Woodroffe, T. E. Hughes, M. R. Bockmann, and G. C. Townsend. "Patterns of Asymmetry in Primary Tooth Emergence of Australian Twins." In Frontiers of Oral Biology, 110–15. Basel: KARGER, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000242401.

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Hough, William. "Untreated posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: Diabolical twins." In The Elements of Psychological Case Report Writing in Australia, 167–72. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351258043-20.

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Pandey, Arvind, David D. Hanagal, Shikhar Tyagi, and Pragya Gupta. "Modeling Australian Twin Data Using Generalized Lindley Shared Frailty Models." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 143–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7932-2_10.

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TADURAN, R. J. O., S. RANJITKAR, T. HUGHES, G. TOWNSEND, and A. H. BROOK. "COMPLEX SYSTEMS IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN TEETH AND FINGERPRINTS OF AUSTRALIAN TWINS." In WIT Transactions on State-of-the-art in Science and Engineering, 194–203. WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dne-v11-n4-676-685/021.

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Godwin, Andrew, Ian Ramsay, and Andrew Schmulow. "Twin Peaks in Australia." In The Cambridge Handbook of Twin Peaks Financial Regulation, 71–92. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316890592.008.

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Cox, Morgan A., Aaron J. Cavosie, Michael Poelchau, Thomas Kenkmann, Phil A. Bland, and Katarina Miljković. "Shock deformation microstructures in xenotime from the Spider impact structure, Western Australia." In Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(19).

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ABSTRACT The rare earth element–bearing phosphate xenotime (YPO4) is isostructural with zircon, and therefore it has been predicted that xenotime forms similar shock deformation microstructures. However, systematic characterization of the range of micro structures that form in xenotime has not been conducted previously. Here, we report a study of 25 xenotime grains from 10 shatter cones in silicified sandstone from the Spider impact structure in Western Australia. We used electron backscatter diffrac tion (EBSD) in order to characterize deformation and microstructures within xenotime. The studied grains preserve multiple sets of planar fractures, lamellar {112} deformation twins, high-angle planar deformation bands (PDBs), partially recrystallized domains, and pre-impact polycrystalline grains. Pressure estimates from micro structures in coexisting minerals (quartz and zircon) allow some broad empirical constraints on formation conditions of ~10–20 GPa to be placed on the observed microstructures in xenotime; at present, more precise formation conditions are unavailable due to the absence of experimental constraints. Results from this study indicate that the most promising microstructures in xenotime for recording shock deformation are lamellar {112} twins, polycrystalline grains, and high-angle PDBs. The {112} deformation twins in xenotime are likely to be a diagnostic shock indicator, but they may require a different stress regime than that of {112} twinning in zircon. Likewise, polycrystalline grains are suggestive of impact-induced thermal recrystallization; however, in contrast to zircon, the impact-generated polycrystalline xenotime grains here appear to have formed in the solid state, and, in some cases, they may be difficult to distinguish from diagenetic xenotime with broadly similar textures.

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Moore, Scott M. "Doctor’s Orders." In China's Next Act, 42—C2.P85. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197603994.003.0003.

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Abstract In less than 20 years, two completely new coronaviruses originated in China and spread throughout the world, upending economies and societies from Australia to Italy. The twin cases of SARS and COVID-19, alongside lesser-known viral outbreaks linked to China, show poignantly that China is essential to protecting public health. Moreover, Beijing is rapidly becoming a significant player in financing global health, including through bodies like the World Health Organization, and providing access to vaccines. But—despite decades of engagement—politics, prejudice, and propaganda consistently have undermined health cooperation between China and other countries. Even so, China and other nations have no choice but to work together to prevent future pandemics. When it comes to public health, their destinies are fundamentally linked.

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Conference papers on the topic "Australian twins"

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Zhang, Chenkai, Mingze Xi, and Matt Adcock. "Improving Visual Search Tasks by Bending the Virtual City Twins: A Preliminary Study in Virtual Reality." In OzCHI '21: 33rd Australian Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3520495.3520528.

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Bednarz, Tomasz, Dominic Branchaud, Florence Wang, Justin Baker, and Malte Marquarding. "Digital Twin of the Australian Square Kilometre Array (ASKAP)." In SA '20: SIGGRAPH Asia 2020. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3415264.3425462.

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Tahersima, Hanif, Mohammad Jafar Saleh, Masoumeh Jafari, Navid Hamedi, and Sara Mesgarisohani. "State Feedback Controller Design for a Twin-Rotor Helicopter Model via Real-Time Linearization." In 2022 Australian & New Zealand Control Conference (ANZCC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anzcc56036.2022.9966955.

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Nguyen, Hung D., Tien Q. Nguyen, Yuanyuan Wang, Minh Q. Tran, and Chuong Nguyen. "Modelling and Control of a Model Scaled Surface Vessel with Twin Propellers, Single Rudder and Two Side Thrusters^*." In 2022 Australian & New Zealand Control Conference (ANZCC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anzcc56036.2022.9966970.

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Rahimi-Kazerooni, A., and F. Emami. "Effect of the fiber radious core variations on far-field distribution of twin core optical tweezers." In 35th Australian Conference on Optical Fibre Technology (ACOFT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acoft.2010.5929903.

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Arboit*, Francesco, Khalid Amrouch, Alan S. Collins, Rosalind King*, and Christopher Morley. "Determination of Stress and Strain Evolution From Faults and Calcite Twins on the Western Margin of the Indochina Block." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2210784.

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Pignatta, Gloria, and Umberto Alibrandi. "Risk-Informed Digital Twin (RDT) for the Decarbonization of the Built Environment: The Australian Residential Context." In BERF3. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2021012010.

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Zhang, Xinan, Ran Li, Yuxuan Wang, and Ujjal Manandhar. "Digital Twin Real-time Hybrid Simulation Platform for Engineering Education in Renewable Energy." In 2021 31st Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec52110.2021.9597748.

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Balash, Cheslav, Neil Bose, Jonathan Binns, and David Sterling. "High Porosity Net Drag at a Low Angle of Attack in Application to a Representative Prawn Trawl." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83083.

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The presented work investigated the extent by which Reynolds number determines the drag coefficient for high porosity nets at a low angle of attack. A simple prawn trawl model that incorporates the main design features of prawn trawls employed in Australia was developed. Four trawl models of various high porosities were tested in a flume tank with respect to drag and shape over a range of flow velocities. The physical trawl model was analysed as a system of independent plane net sheets, each with an orientation to the flow estimated from analysis of stereo-vision data. The main finding was that the drag coefficient was weakly dependent on the Reynolds number in the range typical for prawn trawl operations, 1000<Re<1700. These combined findings imply that trawler operators can approximately estimate prawn net drag from a function containing trawl twine area, towing speed and spread ratio.

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Kulikowski, David, Khalid Amrouch, Khalda Hamed Mohammed Al Barwani, Wei Liu, and Dennis Cooke. "Insights Into the Tectonic Stress History and Regional 4-D Natural Fracture Distribution in the Australian Cooper Basin Using Etchecopar's Calcite Twin Stress Inversion Technique, 2-D/ 3-D Seismic Interpretation and Natural Fracture Data From Image Logs and Core." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2224164.

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