Journal articles on the topic 'Australian power stations'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Australian power stations.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Australian power stations.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
M, Mazaheri, Scorgie Y, Broome R, Morgan G, Jalaludin B, and Riley M. "Health benefits of reducing Australian coal-fired power stations emissions." Environmental Epidemiology 3 (October 2019): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ee9.0000608816.02465.cb.
Full text
2
Ngu, Ling-ngee, Hongwei Wu, and Dong-ke Zhang. "Characterization of Ash Cenospheres in Fly Ash from Australian Power Stations." Energy & Fuels 21, no. 6 (November 2007): 3437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef700340k.
Full text
3
Azadi, Mehdi, Mansour Edraki, Faezeh Farhang, and Jiwhan Ahn. "Opportunities for Mineral Carbonation in Australia’s Mining Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051250.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) via mineral carbonation is an effective method for long-term storage of carbon dioxide and combating climate change. Implemented at a large-scale, it provides a viable solution to harvesting and storing the modern crisis of GHGs emissions. To date, technological and economic barriers have inhibited broad-scale utilisation of mineral carbonation at industrial scales. This paper outlines the mineral carbonation process; discusses drivers and barriers of mineral carbonation deployment in Australian mining; and, finally, proposes a unique approach to commercially viable CCUS within the Australian mining industry by integrating mine waste management with mine site rehabilitation, and leveraging relationships with local coal-fired power station. This paper discusses using alkaline mine and coal-fired power station waste (fly ash, red mud, and ultramafic mine tailings, i.e., nickel, diamond, PGE (platinum group elements), and legacy asbestos mine tailings) as the feedstock for CCUS to produce environmentally benign materials, which can be used in mine reclamation. Geographical proximity of mining operations, mining waste storage facilities and coal-fired power stations in Australia are identified; and possible synergies between them are discussed. This paper demonstrates that large-scale alkaline waste production and mine site reclamation can become integrated to mechanise CCUS. Furthermore, financial liabilities associated with such waste management and site reclamation could overcome many of the current economic setbacks of retrofitting CCUS in the mining industry. An improved approach to commercially viable climate change mitigation strategies available to the mining industry is reviewed in this paper.
4
Fierro, Alexandre O., and Lance M. Leslie. "Relationships between Southeast Australian Temperature Anomalies and Large-Scale Climate Drivers." Journal of Climate 27, no. 4 (February 10, 2014): 1395–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00229.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Over the past century, particularly after the 1960s, observations of mean maximum temperatures reveal an increasing trend over the southeastern quadrant of the Australian continent. Correlation analysis of seasonally averaged mean maximum temperature anomaly data for the period 1958–2012 is carried out for a representative group of 10 stations in southeast Australia (SEAUS). For the warm season (November–April) there is a positive relationship with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) and an inverse relationship with the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) for most stations. For the cool season (May–October), most stations exhibit similar relationships with the AAO, positive correlations with the dipole mode index (DMI), and marginal inverse relationships with the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) and the PDO. However, for both seasons, the blocking index (BI, as defined by M. Pook and T. Gibson) in the Tasman Sea (160°E) clearly is the dominant climate mode affecting maximum temperature variability in SEAUS with negative correlations in the range from r = −0.30 to −0.65. These strong negative correlations arise from the usual definition of BI, which is positive when blocking high pressure systems occur over the Tasman Sea (near 45°S, 160°E), favoring the advection of modified cooler, higher-latitude maritime air over SEAUS. A point-by-point correlation with global sea surface temperatures (SSTs), principal component analysis, and wavelet power spectra support the relationships with ENSO and DMI. Notably, the analysis reveals that the maximum temperature variability of one group of stations is explained primarily by local factors (warmer near-coastal SSTs), rather than teleconnections with large-scale drivers.
5
Bui, Mai, Indra Gunawan, Vincent Verheyen, Yuli Artanto, Erik Meuleman, and Paul Feron. "Dynamic Modeling and Validation of Post-combustion CO2 Capture Plants in Australian Coal-fired Power Stations." Energy Procedia 37 (2013): 2694–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.154.
Full text
6
Nelson, Tim. "2011 PESA industry review: securing gas supplies for domestic consumption in the long term." APPEA Journal 52, no. 1 (2012): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11008.
Full textAbstract:
Natural gas plays a critical role in the Australian domestic economy. Households use natural gas as an essential service with applications ranging from space heating and cooking to hot water. In a carbon-constrained environment, gas is likely to play a critical role in fuelling new power stations. Businesses also use natural gas for industrial processing, feedstock purposes and on-site electrical generation and cogeneration. In the context of community concerns about production of CSG, little attention has been paid to the critical role gas plays in the modern Australian economy. This paper examines whether the development of an east-coast LNG industry has implications for domestic supply of natural gas. With increased domestic demand for gas (due in part to increased use of gas for power generation), it is necessary to discover new gas resources to ensure security of supply is maintained in the long term. The conclusion seems clear enough: government policies must have adequate consideration for local communities, but they must also focus on the critical role natural gas plays in the Australian economy—both in value creation and the provision of an essential service for many Australian households.
7
Fahey, James, and Rosemary Lyster. "Geosequestration in Australia: Existing and Proposed Regulatory Mechanisms." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 4, no. 5 (2007): 378–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601007x00316.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGeosequestration1 involves the capture (from power stations and other facilities) and storage of carbon dioxide for very long periods of time in underground geological formations. This article is concerned with key legal and regulatory issues associated with establishing and operating geosequestration projects in Australia. It highlights the recent increased interest in, and raised profile of, using geosequestration as a greenhouse gas abatement measure in Australia. It reviews the cooperative efforts of the States, Territories and the Commonwealth to develop a nationally consistent regulatory framework for geosequestration projects, using existing petroleum legislation. These efforts have been driven by a lack of existing Australian legislation that provides an adequate and discrete regime dealing with the issues of responsibility and liability for geosequestered gas, although the release of draft legislation in this area is now imminent. It assesses some State legislative attempts to allow for the underground storage of carbon dioxide, and argues that these fail to satisfactorily deal with the long term (indefinite) nature of the storage aspect of geosequestration projects. Finally, this article examines the States' and Commonwealth's powers to legislate in respect of the injection and storage of carbon dioxide.
8
Ellwood, Michael J., Larissa Schneider, Jaimie Potts, Graeme E. Batley, John Floyd, and William A. Maher. "Volatile selenium fluxes from selenium-contaminated sediments in an Australian coastal lake." Environmental Chemistry 13, no. 1 (2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en14228.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental context Methylation of sedimentary selenium to volatile dimethylselenide is a natural remediation process for contaminated aquatic systems. We present flux estimates for the loss of dimethylselenide from sediments of an anthropogenically affected lake and observe a 6-fold difference between late autumn–early winter and summer. The loss of dimethylselenide represents a significant sediment loss vector, of the same order as the diffusive loss flux for inorganic selenium across the sediment–water interface. Abstract Overflows from ash dams associated with the operation of coal-fired power stations in Lake Macquarie, NSW, Australia, have been a historical source of selenium to the lake. Although dissolved selenium concentrations have been marginally elevated, sediments are the major sink. Methylation of sedimentary selenium to volatile dimethylselenide (DMSe) is known to be a natural remediation process. Sediments from north of Wyee Bay and the Vales Point Power Station were the subject of field sampling and monitoring to determine the extent to which selenium is being lost to the atmosphere as DMSe. Flux estimates were obtained by trapping volatile selenium species using benthic domes, followed by analysis in the field using a fully automated cryogenic trapping system with atomic fluorescence detection. The detection limit of the system was 0.1ngL–1 for DMSe and 1ngL–1 for dimethyl diselenide (DMDSe). Measurements in both summer and late autumn–early winter showed a distinct seasonal difference, with a higher summer DMSe flux of 53±25ng Se m–2h–1 (±s.d.) compared with 8±5ng Se m–2h–1 in late autumn–early winter. No DMDSe was detected. These fluxes are similar to those measured in Europe and North America, and represent an annual loss of 1.3kg of selenium per year from the nearby lake area. Lake-wide this would represent a significant loss to the atmosphere.
9
Mainson, M., C. Ong, M. Myers, and A. Spiers. "Mobile autonomous methane monitoring stations for emission measurement." APPEA Journal 61, no. 2 (2021): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj20148.
Full textAbstract:
Natural gas has been forecast to continue grow up to 30% for the next 40 years and will remain as a key energy source. Alongside this projected growth, both the government and the industry have committed to reduce emission reductions. A critical focus is fugitive emissions, which are related to leaks or unintended losses of methane from sources such as hydrocarbon production, processing, transport, storage, transmission and distribution. The need for measuring and monitoring these emissions has been recognised in significant environmental inquiries related to the gas industry, such as the Northern Territory Fracking Inquiry (Pepper et al. 2018) and required in section D of the NT Code of Practice. This study describes an autonomous emission monitoring station developed to address the challenge of characterising temporally varying fugitive methane emissions. It has been designed specifically to tolerate the Australian outback’s extreme climateswhile providing laboratory-grade measurements in real-time at locations where there will be no access to grid power and standard telecommunications. Preliminary results demonstrating the continuous real-time measurements of methane and ethane concentrations of temporally varying phenomena will be presented. Specifically, the detection of methane and ethane concentrations and temporal changes related to bushfire progress will be shown.
10
Stanmore, B. R., and M. Desai. "Steam Explosions in Boiler Ash Hoppers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 207, no. 2 (May 1993): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_022_02.
Full textAbstract:
Steam explosions are experienced in the ash hoppers of coal-fired boilers when hot ash falling from heat-transfer surfaces enters the water pool. Pellets of ash from three Australian power stations were formed in the laboratory and sintered under different conditions to simulate boiler ash deposits. When these were reheated and dropped into water, explosions were generated in isolated cases. The offending pellets were all lightly sintered and disintegrated into individual ash grains. The occurrence of explosions is unpredictable because of the extremely limited range of ash lump conditions under which they appear.
11
Cho, Hannah Hyunah, and Vladimir Strezov. "Comparative analysis of the environmental impacts of Australian thermal power stations using direct emission data and GIS integrated methods." Energy 231 (September 2021): 120898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120898.
Full text
12
Dave, N., T. Do, D. Palfreyman, and P. H. M. Feron. "Impact of liquid absorption process development on the costs of post-combustion capture in Australian coal-fired power stations." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 89, no. 9 (September 2011): 1625–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2010.09.010.
Full text
13
Tang, Minmeng, and Gavin M. Mudd. "The pollution intensity of Australian power stations: a case study of the value of the National Pollutant Inventory (NPI)." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22, no. 23 (August 2, 2015): 18410–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5108-0.
Full text
14
Hou, Shuhn-Shyurng, Chiao-Yu Chiang, and Ta-Hui Lin. "Oxy-Fuel Combustion Characteristics of Pulverized Coal under O2/Recirculated Flue Gas Atmospheres." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041362.
Full textAbstract:
Oxy-fuel combustion is an effective technology for carbon capture and storage (CCS). Oxy-combustion for coal-fired power stations is a promising technology by which to diminish CO2 emissions. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to the oxy-combustion characteristics affected by the combustion atmosphere. This paper is aimed at investigating the oxy-fuel combustion characteristics of Australian coal in a 0.3 MWth furnace. In particular, the influences of various oxygen flow rates and recirculated flue gas (RFG) on heating performance and pollutant emissions are examined in O2/RFG environments. The results show that with increases in the secondary RFG flow rate, the temperatures in the radiative and convective sections decrease and increase, respectively. At a lower oxygen flow rate, burning Australian coal emits lower residual oxygen and NO concentrations. In the flue gas, a high CO2 concentration of up to 94.8% can be achieved. Compared to air combustion, NO emissions are dramatically reduced up to 74% for Australian coal under oxy-combustion. Note that the high CO2 concentrations in the flue gas under oxy-coal combustions suggest great potential for reducing CO2 emissions through carbon capture and storage.
15
Warburton, A. M., J. A. Grove, and S. Then. "GEOSEQUESTRATION—A SOLUTION FOR AUSTRALIA?" APPEA Journal 46, no. 1 (2006): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05026.
Full textAbstract:
Managing its growing greenhouse gas emissions has become a key issue in Australia’s energy and environmental policy.Geological storage (or geosequestration) of carbon dioxide emissions produced by power stations and gas processing plants is being promoted as an innovative way to combat the threat of climate change. Australian governments and industry are interested in the process because it would allow Australia to continue to rely on its extensive fossil fuel reserves as an energy source and export commodity into the future. The process, however, is still in an experimental phase. If geosequestration does prove to be a viable technology then regulatory changes will be required to facilitate large-scale commercial use.This paper discusses the status of geosequestration development in Australia. It considers some of the key legal and regulatory issues that would need to be addressed to allow geosequestration projects to proceed, including:jurisdictional issues between State and Commonwealth governments;access to land and rights to use storage sites;priorities between competing land uses;potential application of third party access regimes to geosequestration infrastructure;potential legal liabilities, especially over the longer term; and,the extent to which a consistent national approach to the regulation of geosequestration may be required. This paper is general in nature and must not be relied upon as legal advice in any respect.
16
Grimshaw, Patricia. "“That we may obtain our religious liberty…”: Aboriginal Women, Faith and Rights in Early Twentieth Century Victoria, Australia*." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 19, no. 2 (July 23, 2009): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037747ar.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The paper, focused on a few years at the end of the First World War, explores the request of a group of Aborigines in the Australian state of Victoria for freedom of religion. Given that the colony and now state of Victoria had been a stronghold of liberalism, the need for Indigenous Victorians to petition for the removal of outside restrictions on their religious beliefs or practices might seem surprising indeed. But with a Pentecostal revival in train on the mission stations to which many Aborigines were confined, members of the government agency, the Board for the Protection of the Aborigines, preferred the decorum of mainstream Protestant church services to potentially unsettling expressions of charismatic and experiential spirituality. The circumstances surrounding the revivalists’ resistance to the restriction of Aboriginal Christians’ choice of religious expression offer insight into the intersections of faith and gender within the historically created relations of power in this colonial site. Though the revival was extinguished, it stood as a notable instance of Indigenous Victorian women deploying the language of Christian human rights to assert the claims to just treatment and social justice that would characterize later successful Indigenous activism.
17
Chang, Lisa, Yvonne Scorgie, Hiep Duc, Khalia Monk, David Fuchs, and Toan Trieu. "Major Source Contributions to Ambient PM2.5 and Exposures within the New South Wales Greater Metropolitan Region." Atmosphere 10, no. 3 (March 13, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030138.
Full textAbstract:
The coupled Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) and Chemical Transport Model (CTM) (CCAM-CTM) was undertaken with eleven emission scenarios segregated from the 2008 New South Wales Greater Metropolitan Region (NSW GMR) Air Emission Inventory to predict major source contributions to ambient PM2.5 and exposure in the NSW GMR. Model results illustrate that populated areas in the NSW GMR are characterised with annual average PM2.5 of 6–7 µg/m3, while natural sources including biogenic emissions, sea salt and wind-blown dust contribute 2–4 µg/m3 to it. Summer and winter regional average PM2.5 ranges from 5.2–6.1 µg/m3 and 3.7–7.7 µg/m3 across Sydney East, Sydney Northwest, Sydney Southwest, Illawarra and Newcastle regions. Secondary inorganic aerosols (particulate nitrate, sulphate and ammonium) and sodium account for up to 23% and 18% of total PM2.5 mass in both summer and winter. The increase in elemental carbon (EC) mass from summer to winter is found across all regions but particularly remarkable in the Sydney East region. Among human-made sources, “wood heaters” is the first or second major source contributing to total PM2.5 and EC mass across Sydney in winter. “On-road mobile vehicles” is the top contributor to EC mass across regions, and it also has significant contributions to total PM2.5 mass, particulate nitrate and sulphate mass in the Sydney East region. “Power stations” is identified to be the third major contributor to the summer total PM2.5 mass across regions, and the first or second contributor to sulphate and ammonium mass in both summer and winter. “Non-road diesel and marine” plays a relatively important role in EC mass across regions except Illawarra. “Industry” is identified to be the first or second major contributor to sulphate and ammonium mass, and the second or third major contributor to total PM2.5 mass across regions. By multiplying modelled predictions with Australian Bureau of Statistics 1-km resolution gridded population data, the natural and human-made sources are found to contribute 60% (3.55 µg/m3) and 40% (2.41 µg/m3) to the population-weighted annual average PM2.5 (5.96 µg/m3). Major source groups “wood heaters”, “industry”, “on-road motor vehicles”, “power stations” and “non-road diesel and marine” accounts for 31%, 26%, 19%, 17% and 6% of the total human-made sources contribution, respectively. The results in this study enhance the quantitative understanding of major source contributions to ambient PM2.5 and its major chemical components. A greater understanding of the contribution of the major sources to PM2.5 exposures is the basis for air quality management interventions aiming to deliver improved public health outcomes.
18
Perry, R. J. "Isolated diesel power stations in Western Australia." Electronics and Power 31, no. 10 (1985): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1985.0444.
Full text
19
Harrison, Natasha Dean, and Ella L. Kelly. "Affordable RFID loggers for monitoring animal movement, activity, and behaviour." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 27, 2022): e0276388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276388.
Full textAbstract:
Effective conservation management strategies require accurate information on the movement patterns and behaviour of wild animals. To collect these data, researchers are increasingly turning to remote sensing technology such as radio-frequency identification (RFID). RFID technology is a powerful tool that has been widely implemented in ecological research to identify and monitor unique individuals, but it bears a substantial price tag, restricting this technology to generously-funded disciplines and projects. To overcome this price hurdle, we provide detailed step-by-step instructions to source the components for, and construct portable RFID loggers in house, at a fraction of the cost (~5%) of commercial RFID units. Here, we assess the performance of these RFID loggers in the field and describe their application in two studies of Australian mammal species; monitoring nest-box use in the Northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus) and observing the foraging habits of quenda (Isoodon fusciventer) at feeding stations. The RFID loggers performed well, identifying quenda in >80% of visits, and facilitating the collection of individual-level behavioural data including common metrics such as emergence time, latency to approach, and foraging effort. While the technology itself is not novel, by lowering the cost per unit, our loggers enabled greater sample sizes, increasing statistical power from 0.09 to 0.75 in the quoll study. Further, we outline and provide solutions to the limitations of this design. Our RFID loggers proved an innovative method for collecting accurate behavioural and movement data. With their ability to successfully identify individuals, the RFID loggers described here can act as an alternative or complementary tool to camera traps. These RFID loggers can also be applied in a wide variety of projects which range from monitoring animal welfare or demographic traits to studies of anti-predator responses and animal personality, making them a valuable addition to the modern ecologists’ toolkit.
20
S., Sheik Mohammed, Femin Titus, Sudhakar Babu Thanikanti, Sulaiman S. M., Sanchari Deb, and Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar. "Charge Scheduling Optimization of Plug-In Electric Vehicle in a PV Powered Grid-Connected Charging Station Based on Day-Ahead Solar Energy Forecasting in Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 3498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063498.
Full textAbstract:
Optimal charge scheduling of electric vehicles in solar-powered charging stations based on day-ahead forecasting of solar power generation is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm’s major objective is to schedule EV charging based on the availability of solar PV power to minimize the total charging costs. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is validated for a small-scale system with a capacity of 3.45 kW and a single charging point, and the annual cost analysis is carried out by modelling a 65 kWp solar-powered EV charging station The reliability and cost saving of the proposed optimal scheduling algorithm along with the integration and the solar PV system is validated for a charging station with a 65 kW solar PV system having charging points with different charging powers. A comprehensive comparison of uncontrolled charging, optimal charging without solar PV system, and optimal charging with solar PV system for different vehicles and different time slots are presented and discussed. From the results, it can be realized that the proposed charging algorithm reduces the overall charging cost from 10–20% without a PV system, and while integrating a solar PV system with the proposed charging method, a cost saving of 50–100% can be achieved. Based on the selected location, system size, and charging points, it is realized that the annual charging cost under an uncontrolled approach is AUS $28,131. On the other hand, vehicle charging becomes completely sustainable with net-zero energy consumption from the grid and net annual revenue of AUS $28,134.445 can be generated by the operator. New South Wales (NSW), Australia is selected as the location for the study. For the analysis Time-Of-Use pricing (ToUP) scheme and solar feed-in tariff of New South Wales (NSW), Australia is adopted, and the daily power generation of the PV system is computed using the real-time data on an hourly basis for the selected location. The power forecasting is carried out using an ANN-based forecast model and is developed using MATLAB and trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. Overall, a prediction accuracy of 99.61% was achieved using the selected algorithm.
21
Burke, Paul J., Rohan Best, and Frank Jotzo. "Closures of coal-fired power stations in Australia: local unemployment effects." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 63, no. 1 (January 2019): 142–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12289.
Full text
22
Colombi, Davide, Paramananda Joshi, Bo Xu, Fatemeh Ghasemifard, Vignesh Narasaraju, and Christer Törnevik. "Analysis of the Actual Power and EMF Exposure from Base Stations in a Commercial 5G Network." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155280.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, monitoring of the transmit power for several base stations operating in a live 5G network (Telstra, Australia) was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure levels. The base stations made use of state-of-the-art massive MIMO antennas utilizing beamforming in order to optimize the signal strength at the user’s device. In order to characterize the actual EMF exposure from 5G base stations, knowledge of the amount of power dynamically allocated to each beam is therefore of importance. Experimental data on the spatial distribution of the base stations’ transmit power were gathered directly from the network by extracting information on the radio and baseband operations. Out of more than 13 million samples collected over 24 h, the maximum time-averaged power per beam direction was found to be well-below the theoretical maximum and lower than what was predicted by the existing statistical models. The results show that assuming constant peak power transmission in a fixed beam direction leads to an unrealistic EMF exposure assessment. This work provides insights relevant for the standardization of EMF compliance assessment methodologies applicable for 5G base stations.
23
Dutt, Upma, Peter F. Nelson, Anthony L. Morrison, and Vladimir Strezov. "Mercury wet deposition and coal-fired power station contributions: An Australian study." Fuel Processing Technology 90, no. 11 (November 2009): 1354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.06.019.
Full text
24
Dodd, Tracey, and Tim Nelson. "Trials and tribulations of market responses to climate change: Insight through the transformation of the Australian electricity market." Australian Journal of Management 44, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 614–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896219874096.
Full textAbstract:
We analyse the energy transition from coal to renewable. Our research contributes to the literature on transitions and grand challenges. Mitigating the effects of dangerous human-induced climate change requires Australia to adopt a ‘carbon budget’ of no more than 10 Gt between 2015 and 2050. To achieve this, the Australian electricity sector must reduce greenhouse gas emissions to at least net zero emissions by 2050. Australia’s strategic response to climate change will have a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions across Asia and the Pacific. The transition to renewables has proved difficult. The Liddell case study, involving closure of an ageing coal-fired power station, shows how the transition was impeded by institutional decisions. While firm-level actors recognised opportunities, regulators resisted the transition. Our research illustrates that transitions for grand challenges may require a relational stakeholder review, beyond the concept of short-term win–wins. JEL Classification: L02, D02, Q05
25
Liu, Chunyu, Khurram Aslam, and Charles A. Langston. "Directionality of ambient noise in the Mississippi embayment." Geophysical Journal International 223, no. 2 (August 5, 2020): 1100–1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa366.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY Cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise from 277 broad-band stations within the Mississippi embayment (ME) with at least 1 month of recording time between 1990 and 2018 are used to estimate source locations of primary and secondary microseisms. We investigate source locations by analysing the azimuthal distribution of the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and positive/negative amplitude differences. We use 84 stations with 1 yr of continuous recordings to explore seasonal variations of SNRs and amplitude differences. We also investigate the seasonal ambient noise ground motions using 2-D frequency–wavenumber (FK) analysis of a 50-station array. We observe that: (1) two major azimuths can be identified in the azimuthal distribution of SNRs and amplitude differences. We also observe two minor azimuths in the seasonal variation of SNRs, amplitude differences and 2-D FK power spectra. Monthly 2-D FK power spectra reveal that two energy sources are active in the Northern Hemisphere winter and two relatively weak sources are active in summer. (2) Backprojection suggests that primary microseisms originate along the coasts of Australia or New Zealand, Canada and Alaska, Newfoundland or Greenland and South America. (3) Secondary microseisms are generated in the deep water of the northern and southern Pacific Ocean, along the coasts of Canada and Alaska associated with near-shore reflections and in the deep water of south of Greenland. (4) Weak energy is observed in the third quadrant of the azimuthal distribution of amplitude differences of sedimentary Rayleigh and Love waves in the period band of 1–5 s and correlates with the direction of widening of the basin.
26
Hooper, B., B. Koppe, and L. Murray. "COMMERCIAL AND TECHNICAL ISSUES FOR LARGE-SCALE CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE PROJECTS—A GIPPSLAND BASIN STUDY." APPEA Journal 46, no. 1 (2006): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05025.
Full textAbstract:
The Latrobe Valley in Victoria’s Gippsland Basin is the location of one of Australia’s most important energy resources—extremely thick, shallow brown coal seams constituting total useable reserves of more than 50,000 million tonnes. Brown coal has a higher moisture content than black coal and generates more CO2 emissions per unit of useful energy when combusted. Consequently, while the Latrobe Valley’s power stations provide Australia’s lowest- cost bulk electricity, they are also responsible for over 60 million tonnes of CO2 emissions per year—over half of the Victorian total. In an increasingly carbon constrained world the ongoing development of the Latrobe Valley brown coal resource is likely to require a drastic reduction in the CO2 emissions from new coal use projects—and carbon capture and storage (CCS) has the potential to meet such deep cuts. The offshore Gippsland Basin, the site of major producing oil and gas fields, has the essential geological characteristics to provide a high-volume, low-cost site for CCS. The importance of this potential to assist the continuing use of the nation’s lowest-cost energy source prompted the Australian Government to fund the Latrobe Valley CO2 Storage Assessment (LVCSA).The LVCSA proposal was initiated by Monash Energy (formerly APEL, and now a 100% subsidiary of Anglo American)—the proponent of a major brown coal-to-liquids plant in the Latrobe Valley. Monash Energy’s plans for the 60,000 BBL per day plant include CCS to store about 13 million tonnes of CO2 per year. The LVCSA, undertaken for Monash Energy by the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC), provides a medium to high-level technical and economic characterisation of the volume and cost potential for secure geosequestration of CO2 produced by the use of Latrobe Valley brown coal (Hooper et al, 2005a). The assessment’s scope includes consideration of the interaction between CO2 injection and oil and gas production, and its findings have been publicly released for use by CCS proponents, oil and gas producers and all other interested parties as an executive summary, (Hooper et al, 2005b), a fact sheet (Hooper et al, 2005c) and a presentation (Hooper et al, 2005d)).The LVCSA identifies the key issues and challenges for implementing CCS in the Latrobe Valley and provides a reference framework for the engagement of stakeholders. In effect the LVCSA constitutes a pre-feasibility study for the implementation of geosequestration in support of the continuing development of Victoria’s brown coal resources.The LVCSA findings indicate that the Gippsland Basin has sufficient capacity to safely and securely store large volumes of CO2 and may provide a viable means of substantially reducing greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power plants and other projects using brown coal in the Latrobe Valley. The assessment also indicates that CO2 injection could well be designed to avoid any adverse impact on adjacent oil and gas production, so that CO2 injection can begin near fields that have not yet come to the end of their productive lives. However, CCS proposals involving adjacent injection and production will require more detailed risk management strategies and continuing cooperation between prospective injectors and existing producers.
27
Stuart, Ivor G., John D. Koehn, Tim A. O'Brien, John A. McKenzie, and Gerry P. Quinn. "Too close for comfort: a fishway exit and a hydro-power station inlet." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 1 (2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08340.
Full textAbstract:
A major environmental issue for hydro-electric power generation is passage of fish through turbines, or entrainment onto trash racks. At Yarrawonga Weir, on the upper Murray River in south-eastern Australia, the positioning of a fish lock resulted in the potential for upstream migrating fish to be swept back into the adjacent power station by cross flows. In 2004, a 4.5-m long steel extension flume was attached to the exit to alleviate this problem. To determine the fate of native fish after exiting the extension flume, 72 individuals (305–1015 mm long) were implanted with radio-transmitters and released into the fish lock exit channel. In 2004 (power station inflows 10 300 ML day–1), the majority of fish exited successfully (44 of 45) and only a single fish (2%) was entrained into the power station. In 2005 (power station inflows 12 000 ML day–1), fish again exited successfully (26 of 27) but with a higher proportion entrained (5 of 27; 18%). This reduced success appeared to be related to strong transverse flows with high water velocities adjacent to the fish lock exit. The efficiency of fish passage at this site might be improved by altering water management strategies, integrating engineering and fish biology, and through field-testing of proposed solutions.
28
Stock, A. "NATURAL GAS FOR TASMANIA." APPEA Journal 29, no. 1 (1989): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj88006.
Full textAbstract:
Tasmania is the only state in Australia which is not supplied with natural gas, and yet a significant gas, condensate and oil resource lies off the Tasmanian coast awaiting development.The Yolla field, discovered by Amoco, SAGASCO Resources, the Bass- Cue Group, Romsey Resources and Southeastern Petroleum in 1985, has sufficient resource potential to support the development of a natural gas supply infrastructure in Tasmania. The field is rich in LPG and condensate and also contains a small oil pool. Tests on the Yolla 1 well were the first in the Bass Basin to flow hydrocarbons and they demonstrated that the field has excellent reservoir properties for commercial development.The keys to the initiation of a gas, condensate and oil development in Tasmania are the need for a significant market for the natural gas and an oil price somewhat better than US$20 per barrel. While there are many major manufacturing and mineral processing plants on the Tasmanian North Coast which would benefit from the stimulus provided by a reliable natural gas pipeline supply, these industries alone provide insufficient load to make an offshore gas development economic. The Bell Bay power station, a thermal power station of 240 MW capacity fired on fuel oil, could, if converted to gas and operated to provide base load supply, generate sufficient base gas demand to enable a project development to proceed.A gas condensate development would provide a substantial stimulus to the Tasmanian economy through:direct investment in the project itself;fostering further development of processing industries on the North Coast;providing cheaper electricity than available from new hydroelectric and coal fired stations;contributing significantly to Tasmanian self- sufficiency in liquid fuels; andreleasing scarce government capital for debt reduction or other uses.
29
Cousins, Ashleigh, Alexander Ilyushechkin, Pauline Pearson, Aaron Cottrell, Sanger Huang, and Paul H. M. Feron. "Corrosion coupon evaluation under pilot-scale CO2capture conditions at an Australian coal-fired power station." Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology 3, no. 3 (May 29, 2013): 169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1341.
Full text
30
Barrymore, Stuart, and Ann-Maree Mathison. "Carbon capture and storage—deelopments in Australia." APPEA Journal 49, no. 1 (2009): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08006.
Full textAbstract:
Legal and non-legal developments in the carbon capture and storage (CCS) arena continue to gain momentum in Australia. On 22 November 2008 the Offshore Petroleum Amendment (Greenhouse Gas Storage) Act 2008 (Cth) (GGS Amendments) came into force. The GGS Amendments follow the amendment in February 2007 of the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1972 and 1996 Protocol Thereto (London Protocol) which allows the storage of carbon dioxide under the seabed. The GGS Amendments amend the Offshore Petroleum Act 2006 (Cth) (OPA), which has now been renamed the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (Cth) (Act), to establish a system of offshore titles that authorises the transportation, injection and storage of greenhouse gas (GHG) substances in geological formations under the seabed and manage the inevitable interaction with the offshore petroleum industry. In addition, the States of Queensland and Victoria have now enacted onshore CCS legislation. In September 2008, the Federal Government announced $100 million in funding for an Australian Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute (AGCCSI), which will be an international hub for co-ordinating public and private sector funding of CCS research projects and will provide international policy and management oversight. The AGCCSI was formally launched on 16 April 2009. The goal of the AGCCSI is to deliver at least 20 commercial scale CCS plants around the world by 2020. There are numerous examples in Australia and internationally of CCS pilot projects underway with the goal of deploying CCS on a commercial scale. The Callide Oxyfuel Project in Central Queensland that began construction recently will retrofit an existing coal fired power station with a CCS facility, with plans for the oxyfuel boiler to be operational in the Callide A power plant by 2011.
31
Ghazanfari, Arezoo. "What Drives Petrol Price Dispersion across Australian Cities?" Energies 15, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 6025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15166025.
Full textAbstract:
Petrol directly impacts the ability of and extent to which households can engage in day-to-day activities and ultimately directly influences the aggregate economic activity. Petrol price increases can lead to major economic disruption, especially among the most vulnerable, such as low-income families. In Australia, petrol prices differ substantially between metropolitan and regional areas, and regional drivers must pay more for purchasing petrol than those in capital cities. This research explored why retail petrol prices vary from one city to another within and between Australian regions. In this study, clustering methods and panel models will be used to identify factors that cause price differences. The findings revealed that a considerable part of the price differences arose from specific characteristics of cities that influence the demand and supply of petrol, thereby causing variations in price decisions. Petrol prices were substantially influenced by wholesale petrol prices, oil prices, petrol and diesel vehicles, population density, station density, and public transport accessibility. These factors are the main determinants that contribute significantly to price variations between Australian cities. The findings provide critical information for economic agents that interact in this market. From a social welfare perspective, government authorities can consider these factors to improve living standards and consumers’ welfare under price pressure in regional cities.
32
Yao, Fang, Wei Liu, Xingyong Zhao, and Li Song. "Integrated Machine Learning and Enhanced Statistical Approach-Based Wind Power Forecasting in Australian Tasmania Wind Farm." Complexity 2020 (September 16, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9250937.
Full textAbstract:
This paper develops an integrated machine learning and enhanced statistical approach for wind power interval forecasting. A time-series wind power forecasting model is formulated as the theoretical basis of our method. The proposed model takes into account two important characteristics of wind speed: the nonlinearity and the time-changing distribution. Based on the proposed model, six machine learning regression algorithms are employed to forecast the prediction interval of the wind power output. The six methods are tested using real wind speed data collected at a wind station in Australia. For wind speed forecasting, the long short-term memory (LSTM) network algorithm outperforms other five algorithms. In terms of the prediction interval, the five nonlinear algorithms show superior performances. The case studies demonstrate that combined with an appropriate nonlinear machine learning regression algorithm, the proposed methodology is effective in wind power interval forecasting.
33
Nathan, R. J., and M. P. Norton. "Vibration Signature Based Condition Monitoring of Bowl-Roller Coal Pulverizers." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 115, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 452–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930372.
Full textAbstract:
The overall objective of the work reported in this paper is to minimize the cost of power generation in thermal power stations utilizing pulverized coal combustion processes for steam generation. The strategy of achieving this objective is based on an “on-condition maintenance” philosophy and vibration based diagnostic signature analysis techniques. The coal pulverizers reported on here are 783 RP (roll pressure) and 823 RP combustion engineering (CE) bowl-roller coal pulverizers (bowl mills) installed at the State Energy Commission of Western Australia (SECWA) power stations. This paper reviews the design philosophy, operational principles, and system dynamics and establishes the procedures for identifying the potential malfunction of bowl mills and their associated components. The influence of operating parameters, such as coal flow, primary air flow, and operating temperature, on mill vibration are investigated. The effects of journal spring force variation, such as magnitude, uneven spring force, and broken springs, are also studied. Special attention is also given to the diagnosis of the top radial bearing problem due to its remoteness from the bowl mill external structure. A spectral recovery technique utilizing the inverse frequency response function was developed for trend analysis and diagnostic purposes.
34
Li, Yi, Xiangpeng Gao, and Hongwei Wu. "Further Investigation into the Formation Mechanism of Ash Cenospheres from an Australian Coal-Fired Power Station." Energy & Fuels 27, no. 2 (February 2013): 811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef3020553.
Full text
35
Cousins, Ashleigh, Sanger Huang, Aaron Cottrell, Paul H. M. Feron, Eric Chen, and Gary T. Rochelle. "Pilot-scale parametric evaluation of concentrated piperazine for CO2capture at an Australian coal-fired power station." Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology 5, no. 1 (August 24, 2014): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1462.
Full text
36
Ward, Colin R., David French, Jerzy Jankowski, Maria Dubikova, Zhongsheng Li, and Kenneth W. Riley. "Element mobility from fresh and long-stored acidic fly ashes associated with an Australian power station." International Journal of Coal Geology 80, no. 3-4 (December 2009): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.09.001.
Full text
37
Ali, Saleem H., Kamila Svobodova, Jo-Anne Everingham, and Mehmet Altingoz. "Climate Policy Paralysis in Australia: Energy Security, Energy Poverty and Jobs." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 4894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184894.
Full textAbstract:
According to the 2020 Climate Change Performance Index, Australia was ranked as the worst-performing country on climate change policy. The country has an ambivalent record of climate policy development as well as implementation, and has been criticized for its inaction. This paper considers why the country has been locked in climate policy “paralysis” through analyzing defining attributes of such a paralysis, and the tentative connections between domestic energy policies and international trade and development. We conducted a media content analysis of 222 articles and identified media narratives in three cases of energy projects in the country involving thermal coal exports, domestic renewable energy storage, and closure of a domestic coal power station. The analysis reveals that policy paralysis in Australian climate change policy can be traced back to the countervailing arguments that have been pervasive around domestic energy security, rural employment and international energy poverty. The political establishment has struggled to develop a sustainable consensus on climate change and the citizenry remains polarized. We also discuss how a “focusing event,” such as a major natural disaster can break the impasse but this is only possible if energy security at home, energy poverty abroad and employment imperatives across the board are clearly delineated, measured and prioritized.
38
HORA, HEINRICH. "Difference between relativistic petawatt-picosecond laser-plasma interaction and subrelativistic plasma-block generation." Laser and Particle Beams 23, no. 4 (October 2005): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034605050627.
Full textAbstract:
Some preliminary views are presented to the topic “Fast High Density Plasma Blocks Driven by Picosecond Terawatt Lasers” of the UWS-International Workshop 1–4 December 2004 in Sydney, Australia, underlining the motivation to explain the difference between the relativistic and the subrelativistic effects of ps-laser pulse interaction with plasma at powers above TW. This refers to specifically selected experimental and theoretical presentations at the workshop containing results for explaining the differences but also the important applications for studies on the fast ignitor scheme for application on nuclear fusion energy. One of the aims with relativistic proton beams is to realize conditions of spark ignition, while the subrelativistic case implies the generation of fast plasma blocks eventually with the possibility to ignite a fusion flame in uncompressed solid DT fuel for a power station with high efficiency.
39
McCallum, R., F. Roddick, and M. Hobday. "Adsorption of MIB by activated carbons produced using several activation techniques." Water Supply 2, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2002): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0178.
Full textAbstract:
Water treatment authorities use activated carbon as the best available technology to remove low molecular weight organic compounds from potable water. In Australia, pollutants of concern include secondary metabolites from bacterial and cyanobacterial blooms which are highly odorous and, in some cases, toxic. Of these compounds, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) is one of the most common and its unpleasant musty earthy odour can be detected at or above approximately 10 ng/L. Difficulties in using activated carbon to target such small organic compounds arise when the water has high concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM), as these compounds also adsorb on activated carbon. The adsorption of NOM on activated carbon increases the cost of using this material in water treatment due to competition with the target organic compounds, reducing the capacity of the activated carbon for the latter. The surface of activated carbon can be tailored during production to provide physical and chemical characteristics that can either aid or hinder the adsorption of particular compounds. One source of activated carbon currently under investigation at RMIT University is brown coal char waste from power stations. This waste, currently disposed of to landfill, is potentially an option for activated carbon production. This material has the advantage that it has already been carbonised at around 500°C in the power generation process. This means that less energy is required to produce activated carbon from power station char compared to coal, making the final product cheaper to produce. Previous work at RMIT has shown that steam activated power station char can remove organic compounds from water. Production of a range of activated carbons from power station char (PSC) was undertaken using different activation methods, including steam activation, steam activation with acid pre-treatment, alkali heat treatment, and Lewis acid heat treatment. The different activation methods produced activated carbons with different pore size distributions, in particular, the acid pre-treatment increased the surface area and porosity significantly compared with steam activation, and the alkali treatment increased the microporosity. Adsorption of MIB on these activated carbons was evaluated to determine the relationship between physical and chemical interactions of the activated carbon and adsorption. Adsorption of MIB on these activated carbons was found to be dependent on the secondary micropore volume. Lewis acid treatment and alkali treatment was not involved in the generation of many of these secondary pores, hence carbons from these treatments did not perform well in adsorption tests. The best adsorption results were achieved with steam activated or acid treated steam activated samples which performed comparably to commercial products. Initial results showed that competition from NOM adsorption was lowest with the PSC activated carbons, allowing greater adsorption of MIB, compared with the commercial activated carbons.
40
Zhang, Yechi, Jianzhou Wang, and Haiyan Lu. "Research and Application of a Novel Combined Model Based on Multiobjective Optimization for Multistep-Ahead Electric Load Forecasting." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2019): 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101931.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate forecasting of electric loads has a great impact on actual power generation, power distribution, and tariff pricing. Therefore, in recent years, scholars all over the world have been proposing more forecasting models aimed at improving forecasting performance; however, many of them are conventional forecasting models which do not take the limitations of individual predicting models or data preprocessing into account, leading to poor forecasting accuracy. In this study, to overcome these drawbacks, a novel model combining a data preprocessing technique, forecasting algorithms and an advanced optimization algorithm is developed. Thirty-minute electrical load data from power stations in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia, are used as the testing data to estimate our proposed model’s effectiveness. From experimental results, our proposed combined model shows absolute superiority in both forecasting accuracy and forecasting stability compared with other conventional forecasting models.
41
Cousins, Ashleigh, Paul Nielsen, Sanger Huang, Aaron Cottrell, Eric Chen, Gary T. Rochelle, and Paul H. M. Feron. "Pilot-scale evaluation of concentrated piperazine for CO2capture at an Australian coal-fired power station: duration experiments." Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology 5, no. 4 (May 14, 2015): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1507.
Full text
42
Weller, Sally A. "Just transition? Strategic framing and the challenges facing coal dependent communities." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 37, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 298–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654418784304.
Full textAbstract:
Policies designed to hasten the closure of high-emissions coal-fired power stations routinely include reference to the need for a ‘just’ transition in affected communities. But the detail of what a just transition might entail is rarely specified. This article examines how policy interventions in Australia in 2012–2013, as part of the Gillard government’s Clean Energy Future package, approached the problem of a just transition in the case of Victoria’s coal dependent Latrobe Valley. It describes how policymakers framed the issue as transition, adopted a regional scaling, and expanded the territorial arena of policy action. A stakeholder-based multilevel governance committee shrouded this top-down decision-making from public scrutiny. These moves made it possible to conjure a narrative of benign transition governed by market processes. The paper explains how these strategic framings sidelined local interests, misrepresented the issues, exacerbated local disempowerment, and enabled the redirection of re-distributional funding to communities that were not directly affected by the impending closure of coal-fired power stations. The perceived injustice of this process exposes the limitations of climate policy-related strategic issue, scale and place framing.
43
Topp, H., H. Russell, J. Davidson, D. Jones, V. Levy, M. Gilderdale, G. Davis, et al. "Process water treatment at the Ranger uranium mine, Northern Australia." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 10 (May 1, 2003): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0563.
Full textAbstract:
The conceptual development and piloting of an innovative water treatment system for process water produced by a uranium mine mill is described. The process incorporates lime/CO2 softening (Stage 1), reverse osmosis (Stage 2) and biopolishing (Stage 3) to produce water of quality suitable for release to the receiving environment. Comprehensive performance data are presented for each stage. The unique features of the proposed process are:•recycling of the lime/CO2 softening sludge to the uranium mill as a neutralant,•the use of power station off-gas for carbonation,•the use of residual ammonia as the pH buffer in carbonation; and•the recovery and recycling of ammonia from the RO reject stream.
44
Johnson, N. G. "COMPARATIVE FUNDING CONSEQUENCES OF LARGE VERSUS SMALL GAS-FIRED POWER GENERATION UNITS." APPEA Journal 35, no. 1 (1995): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj94046.
Full textAbstract:
Gas producers are increasingly looking to privately-owned gas-fired power generation as a major growth market to support the development of new fields being discovered across Australia.Gas-fired generating technology is more environmentally friendly than coal-fired power stations, has lower unit capital costs and has higher efficiency levels. With the recent downward trends in gas prices for power generation (especially in Western Australia) it is likely that gas will indeed be the consistently preferred fuel for generation in Australia.Gas producers should be sensitive to the different financial and risk characteristics of the potential markets represented by large versus small gas-fired private power stations. These differences are exaggerated by the much sharper focus given by the private sector to quantifying risk and to its allocation to the parties best able to manage it.The significant commercial differences between classes of generation projects result in gas producers themselves being exposed to diverging risk profiles through their gas supply contracts with generating companies. Selling gas to larger generation units results in gas suppliers accepting proportionately (i.e. not just pro-rata to the larger installed capacity) higher levels of financial risk. Risk arises from the higher probability of a project not being completed, from the increased size of penalty payments associated with non-delivery of gas and from the rising level of competition from competing gas suppliers.A conclusion is that gas producers must fully understand the economics and risks of their potential electricity customers. Full financial analysis will materially help the gas supplier in subsequent commercial gas contract negotiations.
45
Cousins, Ashleigh, Paul T. Nielsen, Sanger Huang, Rob Rowland, Bill Edwards, Aaron Cottrell, Eric Chen, Gary T. Rochelle, and Paul H. M. Feron. "Pilot-scale evaluation of concentrated piperazine for CO2 capture at an Australian coal-fired power station: Nitrosamine measurements." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 37 (June 2015): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.03.007.
Full text
46
Wilson, Chris K. "Too Many Grooves? Radio's Reconnection with Youth in the 2000s." Media International Australia 157, no. 1 (November 2015): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515700118.
Full textAbstract:
In the mid-2000s, the radio landscape of all Australian mainland capital cities included a station in each of the national, community and commercial broadcasting sectors that either purported to service youth, or was widely recognised as doing so. Given competition for audiences and resources, power asymmetries and a lack of clear delineation between the sectors, tensions between operators have been a feature of this multi-sector youth radio landscape. This article examines a case in which competition for young listeners between the Nova FM commercial service and Perth youth community broadcaster Groove FM was pursued through the regulatory system. In addition to the demise of Groove, the conflict generated a broader challenge to public investment in youth radio that has contributed to the continuing absence of a youth community station from the Perth radio landscape, but has yet to be felt in other markets.
47
Troccoli, Alberto, and Jean-Jacques Morcrette. "Skill of Direct Solar Radiation Predicted by the ECMWF Global Atmospheric Model over Australia." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 11 (November 2014): 2571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0074.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPrediction of direct solar radiation is key in sectors such as solar power and agriculture; for instance, it can enable more efficient production of energy from concentrating solar power plants. An assessment of the quality of the direct solar radiation forecast by two versions of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) global numerical weather prediction model up to 5 days ahead is carried out here. The performance of the model is measured against observations from four solar monitoring stations over Australia, characterized by diverse geographic and climatic features, for the year 2006. As a reference, the performance of global radiation forecast is carried out as well. In terms of direct solar radiation, while the skill of the two model versions is very similar, and with relative mean absolute errors (rMAEs) ranging from 18% to 45% and correlations between 0.85 and 0.25 at around midday, their performance is substantially enhanced via a simple postprocessing bias-correction procedure. There is a marked dependency on cloudy conditions, with rMAEs 2–4 times as large for very cloudy-to-overcast conditions relative to clear-sky conditions. There is also a distinct dependency on the background climatic clear-sky conditions of the location considered. Tests made on a simulated operational setup targeting three quantiles show that direct radiation forecasts achieve potentially high scores. Overall, these analyses provide an indication of the potential practical use of direct irradiance forecast for applications such as solar power operations.
48
Stocks, Matthew, Reza Fazeli, Llewelyn Hughes, and Fiona J. Beck. "Global emissions implications from co-combusting ammonia in coal fired power stations: An analysis of the Japan-Australia supply chain." Journal of Cleaner Production 336 (February 2022): 130092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130092.
Full text
49
Wu, Kaitong, Xiangang Peng, Zilu Li, Wenbo Cui, Haoliang Yuan, Chun Sing Lai, and Loi Lei Lai. "A Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting Method Combining a Deep Learning Model with Trend Feature Extraction and Feature Selection." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 5410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155410.
Full textAbstract:
High precision short-term photovoltaic (PV) power prediction can reduce the damage associated with large-scale photovoltaic grid-connection to the power system. In this paper, a combination deep learning forecasting method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), a fast correlation-based filter (FCBF) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network is developed to minimize PV power forecasting error. In this model, VMD is used to extract the trend feature of PV power, then FCBF is adopted to select the optimal input-set to reduce the forecasting error caused by the redundant feature. Finally, the input-set is put into the BiLSTM network for training and testing. The performance of this model is tested by a case study using the public data-set provided by a PV station in Australia. Comparisons with common short-term PV power forecasting models are also presented. The results show that under the processing of trend feature extraction and feature selection, the proposed methodology provides a more stable and accurate forecasting effect than other forecasting models.
50
Cullis, James D. S., Nicholas J. Walker, Fadiel Ahjum, and Diego Juan Rodriguez. "Modelling the water energy nexus: should variability in water supply impact on decision making for future energy supply options?" Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 376 (February 1, 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-376-3-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Many countries, like South Africa, Australia, India, China and the United States, are highly dependent on coal fired power stations for energy generation. These power stations require significant amounts of water, particularly when fitted with technology to reduce pollution and climate change impacts. As water resources come under stress it is important that spatial variability in water availability is taken into consideration for future energy planning particularly with regards to motivating for a switch from coal fired power stations to renewable technologies. This is particularly true in developing countries where there is a need for increased power production and associated increasing water demands for energy. Typically future energy supply options are modelled using a least cost optimization model such as TIMES that considers water supply as an input cost, but is generally constant for all technologies. Different energy technologies are located in different regions of the country with different levels of water availability and associated infrastructure development and supply costs. In this study we develop marginal cost curves for future water supply options in different regions of a country where different energy technologies are planned for development. These water supply cost curves are then used in an expanded version of the South Africa TIMES model called SATIM-W that explicitly models the water-energy nexus by taking into account the regional nature of water supply availability associated with different energy supply technologies. The results show a significant difference in the optimal future energy mix and in particular an increase in renewables and a demand for dry-cooling technologies that would not have been the case if the regional variability of water availability had not been taken into account. Choices in energy policy, such as the introduction of a carbon tax, will also significantly impact on future water resources, placing additional water demands in some regions and making water available for other users in other regions with a declining future energy demand. This study presents a methodology for modelling the water-energy nexus that could be used to inform the sustainable development planning process in the water and energy sectors for both developed and developing countries.