Journal articles on the topic 'Australian periodicals History 20th century'
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1
Wolter, Edyta. "Periodicals readership as a source of scientific research in the scope of ecological education history in the postmodern culture." Forum Pedagogiczne 11, no. 1 (October 27, 2021): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/fp.2021.1.18.
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The purpose of the article is to explain the methodological aspects of the source space in the 21st century exemplified by periodicals as the basis of historical research in the scope of ecological education in the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939). In this context this article presents a scheme of the features of postmodern culture (the second half of the 20th century and the first decades of the 21st century) and examples of a dozen periodicals, which constitute a source basis for scientific research in the scope of educational history (both specific/ environmental and dedicated to the youth and children).
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Fitch, Kate. "Rethinking Australian public relations history in the mid-20th century." Media International Australia 160, no. 1 (August 2016): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16651135.
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This article investigates the development of public relations in Australia and addresses calls to reconceptualise Australian public relations history. It presents the findings from an analysis of newspaper articles and industry newsletters in the 1940s and 1950s. These findings confirm the term public relations was in common use in Australia earlier than is widely accepted and not confined to either military information campaigns during the war or the corporate sector in the post-war period, but was used by government and public institutions and had increasing prominence through industry associations in the manufacturing sector and in social justice and advocacy campaigns. The study highlights four themes – war and post-war work, non-profit public relations, gender, and media and related industries – that enable new perspectives on Australian public relations history and historiography to be developed.
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Skujytė-Razmienė, Asta. "Cholera „limpamų ligų“ kontekste: prevencijos ir gydymo rekomendacijos Lietuvoje XX amžiaus pirmojoje pusėje | Communicable Diseases in Early 20th-Century Lithuania: Recommendations for the Prevention of Cholera in its Treatment." Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis 43 (December 16, 2022): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v43i0.2491.
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The press (books, newspapers, magazines, calendars, etc) in the Lithuanian language educated its readers extensively on the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in the early 20th century. However, the frequent outbreaks of various epidemics from the 1900s to the 1930s raises the question whether this information really reached its target audience, especially when, as folklore sources show, folk medicine was still heavily relied on in the provinces. The article addresses this question by taking cholera as an example. It compares the methods of protection against cholera and its treatment, as presented in Lithuanian periodicals and professional publications, with narratives of folk medicine collected in archives. In the collected material, the author looks for definitions of the folk concept of communicable diseases (limpamos ligos, the name given to infectious diseases at the time), which may have influenced the limits to which people followed the recommendations of medics in the first half of the 20th century.
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Крылова, Е. Н. "State Supervision of the Periodicals Distribution System in Russia in the Early 20th Century." Вестник Рязанского государственного университета имени С.А. Есенина, no. 4(69) (February 16, 2021): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2020.69.4.002.
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В статье затронут малоизученный аспект государственного контроля за системой распространения периодических изданий в России на примере столичных городов в начале ХХ века. Цель исследования — выявить основные каналы распространения столичных газет в начале ХХ века и определить механизмы государственного контроля за системой дистрибуции периодической печати. На основе имеющихся архивных источников автор приходит к выводу, что основными каналами распространения столичной прессы были подписка, розничная продажа в разнос и в магазинах и на железных дорогах. К началу Первой мировой войны система дистрибуции периодических изданий постепенно менялась. Нормативные акты, принятые в конце XIX века, уже не позволяли эффективно контролировать распространение информации, а правительственные меры предпринимались запоздало или были незначительны. Существовавшая система государственного контроля за системой дистрибуции не могла оперативно реагировать на кризис, что способствовало распространению нежелательной для правительства информации среди населения, в том числе запрещенной литературы. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в первую очередь при подготовке общих курсов по истории России, чтении курсов лекций и спецкурсов по истории журналистики. The article treats some under-investigated issues associated with the state supervision of the periodicals circulation and distribution system in Russia in the early 20th century. The aim of the research is to study the main channels of capital newspapers circulation and distribution in the early 20th century and to identify the mechanisms of state supervision of the periodicals distribution system. The analysis of archival materials enables the author to conclude that capital newspapers were distributed via subscription, retailing, train station retail, and delivery. During the pre-war period, the system of newspaper distribution was undergoing gradual changes. Normative acts issued in the late 19thcentury were no longer enough to efficiently control the spread of information; state measures were often insufficient and untimely. The existing system of state supervision of newspaper distribution failed to respond to the crisis, therefore the public had an access to information the government wished to conceal and to literature that was forbidden. The validity of the results of the research will be recognized by lecturers, by teachers who conduct Russian history classes, by teachers conducting classes in the history of journalism.
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Gabranova, Jūlija. "Poļu izcelsmes vārdi Latvijas baltkrievu presē 20. gs. sākumā." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 26 (November 23, 2022): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2022.26.219.
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This article is a continuation of the research that the author has carried out analysing the contacts between Belarusian and Latvian languages in Belarusian periodicals published in the 20th century. This study analyses the influence of Polish in the Belarusian language of Latvia, as reflected in the periodicals of the 20th century. The aim of this article is to present some aspects of the influence of Polish in the local Belarusian language. The importance of Polish and Belarusian as contact languages in Latvia is mainly determined by the historical and areal aspects of language contact. Poles and Belarusians are territorial neighbours with close genetic ties and long-standing economic, cultural, and political relations. Poles and Belarusians are Latvian minorities whose history is linked to Latgale. Polish was, for a long time, the dominant language in the religious sphere (Catholicism) and culture, so in the local Belarusian periodicals, it is possible to observe the influence of Polish in the Latvian Belarusian language, which was reflected in the use of some Polish words and word components. As languages come into contact, it can lead to borrowing from one language into another. Interference occurs when linguistic norms are mixed and other linguistic norms are picked up so that deviations from the norms of the mother tongue can occur under the influence of the contact language.
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Miheeva, L., and M. Dzhichonaya. "Through the Pages of Children's Magazines of the late XIX - XX Centuries." Primary Education 10, no. 6 (December 12, 2022): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1998-0728-2022-10-6-47-50.
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The article highlights the traditions of spiritual, moral and patriotic education of young readers, laid down in periodicals for children, which were founded by figures of Russian science and culture and were published at the end of the 19th century. The publication of the magazine "Igrushechka" continued in the Soviet era, and then the new Russian realities of the 90s. 20th century were embodied in a children's magazine called "Novaya Igrushechka", which at that time was being worked on by Moscow writers and artists. The authors of the article, thus, convincingly prove the undoubted benefit and importance of preserving the traditions of children's magazine periodicals, which, in an entertaining and accessible form for children, allows them to get involved in reading, instill respect for the history and national values of Russia, and form citizens and patriots of their country in the younger generation.
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Tolochko, Anatoly P., and Igor A. Konovalov. "Local Government in Siberia in the 18th – Early 20th Century (Source Studies and Specific Historical Aspects)." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical Studies 7, no. 3 (27) (November 5, 2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2020.7(3).17-21.
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The paper systematizes sources on the problem of formation and development of the local government in Siberia of the imperial period. The following groups of sources are highlighted: regulatory and legal acts; office materials; statistical materials; periodicals; sources of personal origin. The regional specificity in the content and structure of sources on the studied topic is presented. Taken together, the above sources allow characterizing the history of local government in Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century. The paper allows to present the problem of one of the important aspects of the Siberian history of the pre-revolutionary period in the interaction of sociopolitical, personal and departmental conflicts.
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Ezhelya, U. V. "HISTORY OF THE SOVIET-CHINESE COOPERATION IN PERIODICAL PRESS AND MASS MEDIA (MIDDLE OF XX – BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY)." Humanities And Social Studies In The Far East 17, no. 4 (2020): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2020-17-4-196-202.
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The article discusses the main milestones of cooperation between the two states – the USSR / Russia and China from the middle of the 20th century to the present. The author cites a number of printed periodicals as sources of information on the development of bilateral relations at different time periods. The dynamics of relations is traced against the backdrop of changing internal and external conditions for the development and interaction of countries: first in the format of socialist ideology (the 50s – the first half of the 60s and in the 80s of the 20th century), then against the background of new realities life of the Russian state and China (90s of the XX century and in the present). The magazines Zheleznodorozhny Transport, Zheleznodorozhnye dorogi mira (printed materials of the Ministry of Railways), departmental regional newspapers Pogranichny transportnik, Dzerzhinets are an interesting source of information about the events and problems of Soviet-Chinese relations, their prospects and successes. The author refers to the latest sources of socio-political and socio-economic information on international cooperation - electronic resources. The author introduces museum sources into circulation as examples of the policy of "popular diplomacy".
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Kazak, Rinata, and Svitlana Hotsuliak. "Features of Sanitary Legislation in Ukraine in the Mid-20th Century: Historical Overview." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p257.
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The paper deals with the determination of main features of sanitary legislation in Ukraine. The designated chronology of research is the latter half of the 20th century as an era of changes in this legal sphere as an answer to the technical and social changes of that time. There were outlined such features as: dynamic, interdisciplinary and preventive character of sanitary legislation with elements of international awareness. It was outlined the extended usage of statistic data and periodicals as specific sources of this sphere. The impact of scientific progress in 60-70th was indicated as one of the affecting features of that time changes in sanitary legislation. It was carried out an extensive analysis of the legislation of Ukraine of the abovementioned period.
Keywords: Sanitary law, legal history, legislation, Ukraine
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ÖZTÜRK, Abdulkadir, Huseyin YILDIZ, and Işıl ARSLAN. "The Contributions to the Loanwords in Karaim." Turkology 107, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/turkology.v3i107.722.
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The Turkic language has adopted hundreds of thousands of Turkish words into its vocabulary throughout history, with the methods of word derivation in its systematics. It is a reality that in the formation of a rich vocabulary of Turkish, in addition to Turkish words, words adopted from foreign languages with which it interacts in various fields such as religious, socio-cultural and literary also have an important place. Karaim, which is among the dialects of the Northwest group of the Turkic language, has also adopted words to its vocabulary by borrowing from languages such as Hebrew, Slavic, Arabic and Persian as a result of some relations. Karaim periodicals such as Karay Awazy, Onarmach, Halic, Sahyszymyz, Luwachlar, Przyjaciel Karaima ve Mysl Karaimska published in the second quarter of the 20th century, not only kept the Karaim written language alive in that period but also present important information about the vocabulary of Karaim‟s Trakai and Halic dialects. In this study, Karaim periodicals, which were created with the special efforts of pioneers such as Mardkowicz and Tınfovic in the second quarter of the 20th century, are searched and the loanwords determined from these publications is classified according to their origins and thus, it is aimed to contribute to the studies in this field.
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Kiba, D. V. "Humanitarian Cooperation of Japan and the USSR in the Second Half of the 20th Century." Modern History of Russia 11, no. 1 (2021): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2021.113.
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The article provides a periodization of humanitarian cooperation between Japan and the USSR. The first stage was activity of the Press Office of the Soviet Union Council for Japan and the Soviet Information Office in the Land of the Rising Sun in 1946–1957. The second stage was the period of active policy of the USSR Embassy, together with the State Committee for Cultural Relations under the USSR Council of Ministers in 1957–1967. The third stage was defined by the activity of Soviet Embassy and Regional Authorities of Japan and the USSR in establishing cultural relations in 1967–1985. The fourth stage was humanitarian cooperation of both countries carried out under terms of the Soviet-Japan cultural agreement signed in 1986. The fourth stage covers the period from 1986 to 1991. The article identifies the main forms of humanitarian cooperation between two countries. The author believes that connections in the sphere of art were dominant. The Japanese public was an active subject of bilateral relations. The author considers the membership of the Soviet-Japan Friendship Movement and its participants (public organizations, Piece Movement, choral and musical collectives, private companies of Japan) and reveals the reasons for the Japanese public’s interest in Soviet culture based on archival documents and materials of the Japanese and Soviet periodicals. The author points out that the regional cooperation between two countries developed significantly and emphasizes the special role of the USSR Far East as a contact region with Japan.
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Hansen, Catherine. "Surrealism Is a Thing: Rubrics and Objectivation in the Surrealist Periodical, 1924–2015." ARTMargins 5, no. 3 (October 2016): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00158.
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What links the existing international surrealist movement—a network of groups who publish their essays and collective experiments in an array of print and online periodicals—to the 20th-century Surrealism of art history textbooks is, to a large extent, its periodical publishing practices. This article pays particular attention to the periodical rubric (defined as a heading or category under which a certain kind of text or image serially appears) and contextualizes its surrealist use within a broader poetics of “objectivation.” In Surrealism, objectivation is the creation of a “thing,” which is to say a form of doing or thinking that acquires a name and locus around which a social collectivity can coalesce. The article explores this process as it becomes manifest in the various rubrics used in surrealist periodicals past and present.
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Dodson, Giles. "REVIEW: 'Digger' media out-manoeuvred by military." Pacific Journalism Review 18, no. 1 (May 31, 2012): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v18i1.303.
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Review of: Witnesses to War: The History of Australian Conflict Reporting, by Fay Anderson and Richard Trembath. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2011, 501 pp, ISBN 978-0522856446 (pbk)Witnesses to War: The History of Australian Conflict Reporting provides a thorough-going account of the developments and, importantly, of continuities which have characterised Australian reporting of foreign wars since the 19th century. It is a welcome addition to the growing body of conflict reporting literature, in particular to that which concerns the local experience. It is clear the forces which structure Australian war journalism have remained relatively constant throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.
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DZUGANOV, T. A. "BUSINESS PRACTICES IN THE SLOBODA NALCHIK (SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY)." Kavkazologiya, no. 3 (2021): 82–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2021-3-82-110.
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The article is devoted to the study of one of the key issues of the economic history of Kabardino-Balkaria – the formation of entrepreneurship in the Nalchik settlement. The history of the emergence of trade institutions, their specialization and the order of functioning are studied. The paper analyzes the structure and variety of types of implementation of a commercial initiative, the main vectors of its development. It is established that by the 80s XIX century in Nalchik a qualitative change is taking place in the sphere of providing commercial services, expressed in the design of a stable system of trade establishments and public catering enterprises. On the basis of archival materials and data from periodicals, the socio-ethnic composition of entrepreneurs, their specialization, and the nature of the services provided are established. The degree of influence of the business community of Nalchik on the development of the resort business in the district is determined. The active participation of the mountain population of Kabarda and Balkaria in the development of entrepreneurship and the resort industry is noted.
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González Echegaray, Carlos. "History of the Press in Equatorial Guinea in the 20th Century: Periodicals Published in Equatorial Guinea 1901–2000." Africa Bibliography 2014 (November 2015): vii—xxix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026667311500001x.
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No one today doubts that the press is an essential tool to know and understand recent history of countries and nations. And not just from the standpoint of politics and economics but also of everyday life, reflected in these types of publications, sometimes undervalued by historians and others. The evolution of the press in developed countries has been the subject of several studies. A parallel action is needed for the still recently established African states, paying special attention to the post-independence period. For this research an inventory of the titles of those publications is essential, as well as bibliographic data that can be documented.
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Veisbergs, Andrejs. "Latvian Translation Scene at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Century." Vertimo studijos, no. 13 (December 28, 2020): 110–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vertstud.2020.7.
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The paper looks at the Latvian translation scene at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It is a continuation of the study of translation history in Latvia reflected in previous issues of Vertimo studijos (vol. 7, 8, 11). These decades are marked by a huge growth of translation, especially in periodicals. German was gradually losing its dominant position as a source and intermediate language, Russian was advancing, so was also the scope of other languages. In contrast to previous periods there was a particular interest in the quality of the originals and modernity.This period also saw a change of generations among translators, and women became visible in translation scene. Translators among whom there were all the great Latvian writers gradually emerged as professionals. Frequently translations had prefaces and explanations by the translators. There were numerous parallel translations of the same works, some reaching up to ten versions. Translations included various genres and the traditional Latvian interest in plays was very obvious. So was the focus on specialised literature on agriculture. The translation method changed from localisation to a fidelity mode with a tendency to apply elements of foreignisation.
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Blikharskyi, Roman. "Genesis and characteristics of the Christian worldwide (based on the publications of the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s) and in the works of theologists of the late 19th ― early 20th cc.)." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 9(27) (2019): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2019-9(27)-7.
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The Ukrainian religious Christian press, since its inception, was an important means of disseminating information necessary for the life of the Church. Besides the issues of purely Christian doctrine, the authors of religious journals outlined and criticized the ideological tendencies among the representatives of the Ukrainian secular intelligentsia. Their scientific, artistic, social and political activities greatly influenced the then social realities, and partially determined a political future of Ukraine. In the early 20th century, on the pages of the Ukrainian Galician religious periodicals, namely the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s), there were published a series of articles dealing with the Christian worldview. We have elucidated the reasons why in the late 19th century—the early 20th century for the first time there emerged a necessity to discuss the Christian worldview, contrary to other non-religious worldview models of the modernity. The history of the worldview concept and variation of approaches to its meaning clarifying, the theory of the process of formation of the mindset as well as ways of classification of its different forms, specifically religious worldview, in the philosophical works of Karl Jaspers, Max Scheler and Wilhelm Dilthey, have been researched. As for the Christian-based worldview, we have determined the approaches to the systematization and unification of the ideological principles of the Christians. Those were studied in the writings of thinkers of different Christian denominations, namely Protestantism (James Orr, Abraham Kuyper), Orthodoxy (Mikhail Tareiev), and Catholicism (specifically, the authors of the «Nyva» journal). Keywords: worldview, Christianity, Christian worldview, religion, philosophy, religious periodicals, «Nyva» journal.
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Zhilyakova, N. V. "Typological Diversity of Unrealized Editions of the Tomsk Province at the Beginning of the 20th Century." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 18, no. 6 (2019): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2019-18-6-62-74.
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Purpose. The purpose of this study is to identify the typological diversity of unrealized publications of the pre-revolutionary Tomsk province at the beginning of the 20th century, details of which are in the censorship affairs of the Main Department of Press Affairs (Russian State Historical Archive) and Tomsk Province Administration (Tomsk Region State Archive). Results. The information preserved in the archives, including the programs of the conceived editions of the cities of the Tomsk pre-revolutionary province, such as Barnaul, Novo-Nikolaevsk, Biysk, Kainsk, and others, make it possible to draw a conclusion about their typological status and, in some cases, to identify the possible reasons why the publication was not carried out. Among them are political motives, economic reasons and organizational difficulties. The conducted study allows us to conclude that the typological picture of the development of journalism in the Tomsk province becomes much more complicated if, along with the realized publications, to take into account unrealized projects of newspapers and magazines. The typology of most of the unrealized editions of the cities of the Tomsk province coincided with the newspapers and magazines of Tomsk, but some of the ideas reflect the desire of journalists to create bodies of periodicals of new types. Conclusion. The studied materials indicate that the study of the history of the development of provincial journalism is impossible without taking into account archival data, which allow us to see the possible vectors of development of the typological picture of the local periodicals.
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EBACH, MALTE C. "A history of biogeographical regionalisation in Australia." Zootaxa 3392, no. 1 (July 18, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3392.1.1.
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The development of Australian biogeographical regionalisation since 1858 has been driven by colonial 19th-centuryexploration and by the late 20th-century biodiversity crisis. The intervening years reduced existing large scaleregionalisation into smaller taxon specific areas of vegetation or endemism. However, large scale biotic biogeographicalregionalisation was rediscovered during multi-disciplinary meetings and conferences, sparking short-term revivals whichhave ended in constant revisions at smaller and smaller taxonomic scales. In 1995 and 1998, the Interim BiogeographicRegionalisation for Australia and the Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia, AustralianCommonwealth funded initiatives in order to “identify appropriate regionalisations to assess and plan for the protectionof biological diversity”, have respectively replaced 140 years of Australian biogeographical regionalisation schemes. Thispaper looks at the rise and slow demise of biogeographical regionalisation in Australia in light of a fractured taxonomic biogeographical community.
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Nazarska, Zhorzheta. "The housewives' periodicals in the modernization of the Bulgarian village: a case study from the 1930s-1940s." Balkanistic Forum 29, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v29i1.3.
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The article examines social modernization in the Bulgarian village in the first half of the 20th century and particularly the place of the periodicals as a factor for cultural influences. The focus of the study is put on young women’s generation, who improved their educational status and became agents of the social change from towns to villages. The individual perception of the housewives’ (women) press in the 1930s-1970s is based on private archives and interviews, and is done by means of historical reconstruction and social anthropology.
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Ivanov, A. A. "Reactionaries, Black Hundreds, White Guards, Fascists: Definitions of Russian Right-Wingers in the Early 20th Century." Modern History of Russia 12, no. 4 (2022): 884–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2022.405.
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The article presents a detailed analysis of definitions that, having arisen during the political struggle of the early 20th Century, subsequently became entrenched in historical literature in relation to the right-wing monarchist movement. Special attention is paid to the circumstances of the emergence, use and validity of such terms as “conservatives”, “reactionaries”, “rightists”, “the Black Hundreds”, “bison”, “the Whites” (“the White Guards”), “right-wing revolutionaries”, “fascists”. It is for the first time that the author has introduced to scientific community the sources illustrating how certain definitions were used in relation to Russian right-wingers in the periodicals and journalism of pre-revolutionary and Soviet Russia and the reaction to them from the Black Hundreds and Russian nationalists. The article shows that the same terms and definitions could have different interpretations and be endowed with opposite characteristics when used by opposing political forces. Such nicknames as “the Black Hundreds” and “bison” sounded like swear nicknames in the mouths of the members of the revolutionary and liberal camps. However, some right-wingers proudly raised them to their banners. At the same time, the monarchists rejected the nickname “right-wing revolutionaries” in every possible way, since they saw it as a tool for discrediting and distorting their political goals. The later term “fascists”, retrospectively applied to the Black Hundreds by their opponents, inspired in some of their former leaders a desire to present the pre-revolutionary movement of Russian monarchists as genetically close to the European right-wing movements of a later time. Attention is also paid to the little-known term “the Whites” (“the White Guards”), which was used in relation to the right-wing camp during the First Russian Revolution, but later was supplanted by other nicknames and almost forgotten.
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Gerasimov, Nikolai I. "History of mystical anarchism (problem of periodization)." Philosophy Journal 15, no. 1 (2022): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2072-0726-2022-15-1-161-175.
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The article explores the problem of periodization of mystical anarchism. The author suggests that most of the disagreements between modern researchers of the creative heritage of the 20th century anarchist-mystics is related to the absence of any historical and philosophical reference point or scheme. The article suggests viewing the whole history of the development of this phenomenon as an evolution of communities of thinkers who were equally close to anarchist and mystical ideas. Three periods are distinguished: 1) 1905–1907; 2) 1917–1930; 3) 1924–1939. In each period, the author analyzes the ideological principles of a particular community of mystical anarchists, their ability to influence the cultural landscape of their era, and their conceptual relationship with their predecessors/successors. The terms “mystical anarchist” and “anarcho-mystic” are used synonymously in this text. Particular attention is paid to the emigrant period in the history of mystical anarchists (the study is based on the analysis of periodicals of the Russian diaspora in the United States).
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Klinova, Marina A., and Andrey V. Trofimov. "THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: COMMEMORATIVE PRACTICES AND IMAGES IN NEWSPAPER PERIODICALS (1946–1965)." Ural Historical Journal 71, no. 2 (2021): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2021-2(71)-36-45.
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The contours of the image of the Great Patriotic War and the Victory formed in the post-war 20th century laid the content of the “matrix” of Russian historical memory. The strengthening trend of national and state-oriented policy of historical memory actualizes addressing the genesis of this image and commemorative (traditions, rituals, symbols). In the USSR, the tool for creating and promoting technologies of commemorative practices, preserving and transmitting the memory of the Great Patriotic War to society was newspapers highly demanded by the Soviet population. The article analyzes the materials published in 1946–1965 in central, regional, and local newspapers (“Pravda”, “Ural’skii rabochii”, “Sovetskaya Sibir′” and “Magnitogorskii Metall”). The use of content and discourse analysis methods made it possible to identify the dynamics in the presentation of the Victory image on the pages of the press: from a chaotic festive extravaganza to a “cultural” recreation of citizens and ritualized practices (laying wreaths, holding concerts, exhibitions). The paper also captures the changes caused by a change in the political situation, a decrease in the intensity of the company, aimed at the labor mobilization of the Soviet society. The 1946–1965 newspapers of various levels reveal the specifics in the coverage of the Victory theme: the central newspapers published more theoretical materials on this topic, while the regional and factory newspapers more often covered practices dedicated to this date (labor, holiday).
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Bashkir, Olha. "The Program of Pedagogical Disciplines in Pedagogical Educational Institutions in Ukraine (The 30s of the 20th Century)." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 74 (November 2016): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.74.26.
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The process of forming program provision for teaching pedagogical disciplines, pedagogy in particular, in pedagogical educational institutions has been characterized in the article on the basis of analyzed pedagogical literature, archival records, and scientific researches in periodicals. Pedagogical educational institutions in Ukraine were reorganized from the institutes of public education to “the united pedagogical institutes” at the beginning of the 30s of the 20th century (1933). The content of programs for disciplines of pedagogical direction (pedagogy, paedology, didactics, and history of pedagogy) has been revealed. They had undergone some changes due to the reformation of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine before the creation of classical pedagogical educational institution.
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Vasic, Aleksandar. "The beginnings of Serbian music historiography: Serbian music periodicals between the world wars." Muzikologija, no. 12 (2012): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz120227007v.
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The transition of the 19th into the 20th century in Serbian music history was a period of music criticism, journalism and essay writing. At that time, Serbian musicology had not yet been developed as an academic discipline. After WWI there were many more academic writings on this subject; therefore, the interwar period represents the beginning of Serbian music historiography. This paper analyses Serbian interwar music magazines as source material for the history of Serbian musicology. The following music magazines were published in Belgrade at the time: Muzicki glasnik (Music Herald, 1922), Muzika (Music, 1928-1929), Glasnik Muzickog drustva ?Stankovic? (Stankovic Music Society Herald, 1928-1934, 1938-1941; from January 1931. known as Muzicki glasnik /Music Herald/), Zvuk ( Sound, 1932-1936), Vesnik Juznoslovesnkog pevackog saveza (The South Slav Singing Union Courier, 1935-1936, 1938), Slavenska muzika ( Slavonic Music, 1939-1941), and Revija muzike (The Music Review, 1940). A great number of historical studies and writings on Serbian music were published in the interwar periodicals. A significant contribution was made above all to the study of Serbian musicians? biographies and bibliographies of the 19th century. Vladimir R. Djordjevic published several short biographies in Muzicki glasnik (1922) in an article called Ogled biografskog recnika srpskih muzicara (An Introduction to Serbian Musicians? Biographies). Writers on music obviously understood that the starting point in the study of Serbian music history had to be the composers? biographical data. Other magazines (such as Muzicki glasnik in 1928 and 1931, Zvuk, Vesnik Juznoslovenskog pevackog saveza, and Slavenska muzika) published a number of essays on distinguished Serbian and Yugoslav musicians of the 19th and 20th centuries, most of which deal with both composers? biographical data and analysis of their compositions. Their narrative style reflects the habits of 19th-century romanticism and positivism: in some of these writings the language also has an aesthetic function. Serbian interwar music magazines also published some archival documents contributing to the future research of Serbian music history. Interwar period in the then Yugoslavia was a time of rapid development and modernization in various fields of culture. There was a great demand for music writings of general interest. Therefore, Revija muzike (January - June 1940) was totally oriented towards the popularization of music and the arts (such as drama and film). This magazine also published some popular articles on music history. Serbian interwar music periodicals were least active in the field of musicological analysis. However, in 1934, Branko M. Dragutinovic published a detailed analytic study of Josip Slavenski?s composition Religiofonija (Religiophonics) in Zvuk. There were also some interdisciplinary history articles in Serbian interwar music magazines. Being well aware of the fact that music history comprises not only music itself, but also music writing, schools, institutions and music life, our music writers used ?indirect? sources, such as literature and art, as well as music. Serbian interwar music periodicals opened many fields of research, thus blazing a trail in postwar Serbian musicology.
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Yanchenko, Denis G. "Discussion on the Issue of National Outskirts in Late Imperial Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 66, no. 4 (2021): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2021.419.
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The monograph “National outskirts in the policy of the Russian Empire and Russian social thought” is a comprehensive study of the strategy and tactics of imperial integration of foreign ethnic peripheries, the causes of political decisions of the authorities and public debate of the 19th — early 20th centuries on the problems of borderlands. The geographical coverage is large: Poland and Finland; the Western and Southwestern regions; the Baltics; the Caucasus; and Central Asia. Each of the considered outskirts had a unique juridical status and its own legislation, economy, social classes, diverse national structure, and a complex history of mutual relations with St. Petersburg. In the last twenty years the methodological approaches to the study of imperial history have been significantly supplemented. The combination of new archival sources with extensive historiographical heritage allows the authors of the reviewed monograph to form a new substantiated view on the relations between imperial center and national periphery. They involved mutual influence of the peripheries and the capital: the public and the tsarist bureaucracy. The modernization potential of the Empire by the beginning of the 20th century had been exhausted, and the inability to reorganize the system of regional government led to a protracted crisis. The clash of conservative and liberal concepts of Empire building is evident in the detailed source analysis of periodicals and journalism of the era. Diverse natural and geographical zones of Russia, ethnic and religious population, rich natural resources determine the exceptional civilizational significance of Russian border policy in 19th — early 20th centuries, and the attention to it of contemporary researchers.
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Roberts, Peder. "Fighting the ‘microbe of sporting mania’: Australian science and Antarctic exploration in the early 20th century." Endeavour 28, no. 3 (September 2004): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2004.07.005.
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Турыгин, А. А., and Е. В. Зимина. "The British Jingo and the German Viking: the Emergence and Reception of the Colonial Hero Image of Cecil Rhodes and Carl Peters." Диалог со временем, no. 77(77) (November 29, 2021): 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2021.77.77.017.
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Литература, наряду с официальными источниками, может дать представление о формировании культа двух одиозных деятелей колониальной эпохи – Сесила Родса и Карла Петерса. Их деятельность на африканском континенте, получившая неоднозначную оценку при жизни, впоследствии была переосмыслена официальной пропагандой, привела к изменению общественного мнения о колониализме и имперских ценностях. Африканское прошлое Империи в Великобритании вылилось в одну из форм протеста 2020 г., в то время как в Германии его пересмотр был связан с оценками национал-социализма, реанимировавшего идеи колониализма. The paper considers the colonial policy of Kaiser Germany and the British Empire in Africa via periodicals and fiction. Alongside with official sources, fiction can provide an insight into the way the cult of the two most notorious colonialists – Cecil John Rhodes and Carl Peters – emerged. Their activities in the African continent, cautiously assessed even in their lifetime, was reconsidered in official propaganda and by writers of the 19th-20th centuries, which led to the change in public opinion regarding colonialism and imperial values. The process of reconsidering went in different ways, however. The imperial past of the British Empire was shown in the protests of 2020 in the UK, whereas in Germany this reconsideration is closely connected with the reassessment of the Nazi period that attempted to revive colonial ideas of the first quarter of the 20th century.
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Darian-Smith, Kate, Catriona Elder, and Fiona Paisley. "“Are We Internationally Minded?” Everyday Cultures of Australian Internationalism in the mid-20th Century." Journal of Australian Studies 43, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2019.1704171.
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Melnik, N. D. "The Magazine “Zolotoe runo” (1906–1909) as a Reflection of the Artistic Life of Russia at the Beginning of the 20th Century." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 6 (August 11, 2021): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-6-62-73.
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Purpose. The article studies the history of the magazine “Zolotoe runo” (“Golden Fleece”) that has been publishing in Moscow from 1906 till 1909. It was a project of the young art lover, millionaire N. P. Ryabushinsky, who decided to continue the mission of “miriskusniki” (members of the “World of Art” movement) and promote the aesthetic principles of symbolism, which he saw as the most promising style of art at the beginning of the 20th century.Results. Based on the analysis of the memoirs written by contemporaries, correspondence between the representatives of the Russian cultural elite, publications in the periodical press, as well as outcomes of modern research, the author argues that the magazine “Zolotoe runo”, providing its pages to outstanding writers and publishing works of iconic artists and articles about their works, became one of the most influential periodicals about art in Russia.Conclusion. This research shows that, having said a new word in art and journalism, the magazine “Zolotoe runo” became a worthy reflection of the artistic life of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century.
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Iusupova, S. A. "Source Studies of History City Self-government of the Turkestan General-government (Second Half of the 19th - Early 20th Century)." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(115) (November 27, 2020): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2020)5-16.
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The article presents a set of sources on the history of the formation and development of city self-government in the Turkestan general-government. The author analyzes such types of sources as legislative acts, official documents, reference and statistical publications, and periodicals. These documents and materials are contained in the Central state archives and libraries of Russia, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, and are reflected in the «Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire» and the periodical press. Such a disparate storage location of the source database implies the need for a comprehensive study and identification of the information potential. Each of the presented types of sources has such characteristics as primacy, complementarity, subordination, and a high degree of reliability. Together, they give an idea of the legal and socio-economic conditions of the organization of social and economic activities, the nature and evolution of relations with the administration and the population, and also allow us to recreate a complete picture of the formation of city self-government in the region.
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Dehm, Sara. "Legal Exclusions: Émigré Lawyers, Admissions to Legal Practice and the Cultural Transformation of the Australian Legal Profession." Federal Law Review 49, no. 3 (May 19, 2021): 327–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x211016574.
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Legal histories of Australia have largely overlooked the exclusion of European émigré lawyers from legal practice in Australia. This article recovers part of this forgotten history by tracing the drawn-out legal admission bids of two Jewish émigré lawyers in the mid-20th century: German-born Rudolf Kahn and Austrian-born Edward Korten. In examining their legal lives and doctrinal legacies, this article demonstrates the changing role and requirement of British subjecthood in the historical constitution and slow cultural transformation of the Australian legal profession. This article suggests that contemporary efforts to promoting cultural diversity in the Australian legal profession are enriched by paying attention to this long and difficult history of legal exclusions.
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Cook, Garry D., and Lesley Dias. "It was no accident: deliberate plant introductions by Australian government agencies during the 20th century." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 7 (2006): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05157.
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The weedy potential of deliberately introduced plants has been a growing concern in Australia since the late 1980s. Although introduced plants are critical to Australia’s agricultural and livestock production, many species that were praised in the past are now declared agricultural and environmental weeds. Nevertheless, weeds researchers appear largely ignorant of the magnitude and intent of plant introductions for agricultural purposes as well as the legacy of unwanted plants. Across more than 70 years, Commonwealth Plant Introductions comprised 145 000 accessions of more than 8200 species. These species include more than 2200 grass (Poaceae) and 2200 legume species (Fabaceae sensu stricto), representing about twice the indigenous flora in those families and about 22 and 18%, respectively, of the global flora of grasses and legumes. For most of the 20th century, these and other introductions supported research into continental-scale transformation of Australian landscapes to support greatly increased pastoral productivity in order to achieve policy goals of maximum density of human population. This paper documents some of the scientific developments and debates that affected the plant-introduction program. We argue that recent developments in weed science and policy need to be informed by a better understanding of plant-introduction history.
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Booth, Marilyn. "WOMAN IN ISLAM: MEN AND THE “WOMEN'S PRESS” IN TURN-OF-THE-20TH-CENTURY EGYPT." International Journal of Middle East Studies 33, no. 2 (May 2001): 171–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074380100201x.
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The first periodical in Egypt to focus on women as both subject and audience, Al-Fatat (The Young Woman, 1892), heralded the founding by women of many periodicals for women in Egypt. The women's press emerged in a time of intense public debate concerning putative intersections of systemic gender relations and gender ideology with anti-imperialist nationalism: what would constitute “national” strength sufficient to assert, or force, an independent existence based on claims to autonomous nation-state status?1Women writing in the women's press, as well as in the mainstream—or “malestream”—press, shaped the debate over how gender did and should inflect social organization and institutional change.2 Equally, male intellectuals and politicians participated in a rhetoric of persuasion, edification, and ambition. When women and men wrote treatises on what was called the “woman question” (qadi¯yat al-mar[ham]a), articles in the women's press challenged, debated, and refined the points of these treatises. Writers approached that fraught “question” from another direction, too, establishing a thriving industry of conduct literature that fed on translations of European works as well as original works by Egyptian and other Arab writers. Books on how to behave as a proper father, a good mother, a fine son or daughter, or a responsible schoolgoer went through numerous printings for a reading public prepared by various rhetorics of nationalism, theology, and reform to bring this debate into everyday life by following the guides for behavior that such literature—including essays in the women's press—supplied.3
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USTYUGOVA, VERA. "SOURCES ON THE HISTORY OF CINEMATOGRAPHY IN THE PROVINCIAL PERM AT THE END OF THE 19TH - BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURIES: TOWARD FINDING AND STUDYING." Культурный код, no. 2021-4 (2021): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2021-4-130-142.
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In this paper, we take a case study of Perm at the end of XIX and the beginning of XX century to discuss the introduction and distribution of cinema in the Russian province. We relied on a few groups of sources such as films, both archival and publicly available, ego-documents by filmmakers, the Silver Age artistic intelligentsia and the audience, as well as periodicals, cine magazines and local provincial newspapers. In addition, we considered legal acts and clerical documents. For contextual analysis, we involved photographs, objects of material culture (architecture of cinemas and objects of the Art Nouveau era). We argue that the history of film distribution in the province can only be studied within a wider context of film production in the Russian Empire. Different in their origin, genre, even tactile properties, the sources reveal many aspects of the social history of cinema and cultural reality of the early twentieth century.
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Avdashkin, A. A. "FROM MIGRANT WORKERS TO THE “EASTERN BATTALION” OF THE RED ARMY: DYNAMICS OF THE IMAGE OF THE CHINESE IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY RUSSIA." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(55) (2021): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-4-120-140.
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The article analyzes the transformation of the image of Chinese labor migrants into the participants of the military conflict on the side of the Bolsheviks. The analysis of how the image of the Chinese workers was reformatted into the Red Army soldiers made it possible to reveal the cultural and historical specificity of the image of the Chinese, to show its main components and meaningful specifics before the revolution and during the Civil War. The source base was made up of materials from periodicals; archival documents of the Russian State Military Archive; and propaganda posters of the “white” movement. The texts published in the pre-revolutionary periodicals reflect the mass perception of Chinese migrants. The materials of the Bolshevik newspapers contain elements of the official discourse on Chinese migrants in the parts of the Red Army. Documents from the Office of the Moscow Military District, as well as the Army Directorate of the Southern Front, complement the picture created by newspaper reports. “White” movement posters were a powerful means of visualizing the enemy (in this case, the Chinese) on the side of the Bolsheviks. Historical imagology served as the methodological basis; to analyze press texts, content and discourse analysis was used. Diligence, impersonality, unpretentiousness, and the rapid development of new areas of activities formed the basis of the image of a Chinese migrant in the early 20th century Russia. The interpretation of this cultural construct depended on the use of one or another social optics. Before the revolution, partial or full recognition / denial of the ideology of the “yellow peril” made the Chinese either an effective tool for expansion or a workforce, the use of which should be streamlined and regulated as much as possible. Under the conditions of revolutionary upheavals, the characteristics of the Chinese in mass culture for some turned into a marker of threat and danger, and for others - into a criterion for choosing an ally.
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Malamagomedov, Jamaludin Murtazalievich. "HISTORY OF THE AVAR PRESS 1917-1930: THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 14, no. 4 (January 17, 2019): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch14478-88.
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Like any social phenomenon, the press also has its own history and develops according to the objective laws of its development. Prior to the advent of the printing press and book printing, books were distributed through the creation of hand-written copies. At a certain stage of the development of society, there was a need for a printed word, and as a result, the first lithographs and printing presses appear. The origin and formation of the periodical press in the languages of the peoples of Dagestan is the result of the socioeconomic and political development of society. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first prerequisites for the appearance of printed materials in the languages of the peoples of Dagestan were born in Dagestan. Despite the new state system, the peoples of Dagestan still gave preference to the Arabic graphics and with the help of this letters continued to write, and it is no coincidence that the first Dagestani newspapers were published on the basis of this alphabet. The new Soviet state made every effort to create the national Dagestani press. If the Arabic periodicals of the period of the revolution and civil war in other languages of the peoples of Dagestan, in particular, in Kumyk and Lak, have been studied in part, then the publications in the Avar language however, have not been practically studied and introduced into scientific circulation. Moreover, most of them are still not identified, and there is no information on the number of such publications, let alone the content of newspaper articles.In this connection, the paper attempts, for the first time, to introduce into the scientific circulation newly discovered Arabic newspapers in the Avar language. The history of the formation and development of the periodical press in Dagestan is considered, and printed publications in the Avar language are studied through the prism of the Dagestan periodicals. The objective of the study is identification, paleographic characteristics and a general overview of the currently obtained Arabic periodicals in the Avar language.
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Ziganshina, Aigul N. "Specialized law journals “Hokuk ve Hayat” (1913–1914) and “Law and Life in Tatarstan” (1998 to present): on the issue of publications succession." Neophilology, no. 4 (2022): 806–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2022-8-4-806-812.
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We establish the succession of the typological characteristics of law journals “Hokuk ve Hayat” (1913–1914) and the modern journal “Law and Life in Tatarstan”. Revival of periodicals in the 1990s – this is a trend that can be traced by studying post-Soviet periodicals. During the indicated period, printed publications were resumed, which were published back in the pre-revolutionary period – until 1917. The conquest of revolution – publicity – made it possible to develop the mass media and modernize them. Along with public, party, commercial publications, specialized publications also appeared. The revived, modified, modernized journal retained the features of the original edition, of which it is the successor. The question is raised about the succession of the two publications that came out in different eras in the history of Russian journalism, and the legitimacy of calling the “resumption” of the publication, between which the distance of many decades. As examples, other newspapers and magazines from the history of journalism are given, which can be classified as “revived”. We explore the audience, language and other parameters, mission and purpose of both publications. We highlight the similarities and differences, find out which traditions of the journal of the early 20th century have been preserved in the modern edition.
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Pezzini, Barbara. "Towards a network analysis of art writers in Edwardian London: the Art Journal, Connoisseur and Burlington Magazine in 1903." Art Libraries Journal 38, no. 1 (2013): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030747220001782x.
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Network has become a much used term in modernist studies, but what is a network and what does it tell us about a periodical? A network is a series of connections, the study of which reveals not only the modes of production, readership and social and political niches of journals, but also the constituent elements of their aesthetic discourse. This article explores the biographical, commercial and institutional connections of three periodicals at the beginning of the 20th century – the Art Journal, Connoisseur and Burlington Magazine – within the year 1903. Their different approaches to art historical analysis are also examined, not as abstract philosophies unbounded by constraints of time or context, but interpreted as texts originating from a specific and shifting history, in which the relationship with the art market emerges as crucial.
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Konovalov, Igor A. "Sources for Studying of the Local Government in Siberia in the 18th - Early 20th Century: Historical and Source Studies Themes." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2020): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-2-355-367.
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Increased interest in the local government history is associated not just with the necessity to peer into the past, but also with purely practical needs. While returning to forgotten traditions, it is important to take into account the heritage of centuries. Today, we need to take a fresh look at well-known facts, to cast away old delusions and myths, and to prevent the emergence of new ones. Theoretical basis of the paper is such methods as historicism, objectivity, alternativeness; they allow an unbiased approach to the analysis of the problems and a critical attitude towards the sources. The methodology includes the use of means and methods of local, systemic, problem-chronological, and comparative historical methods, as well as the development of a “new imperial history.” The paper systematizes sources on formation and development of the local government in Siberia in the Imperial period. The following groups of sources are highlighted: regulatory and legal acts; documents of management and record keeping; statistical materials; periodicals; sources of personal provenance. There is regional specificity in the content and structure of sources. The sources characterize the history of local government in Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century, wherein personal, socio-political, and departmental conflicts played an important role. The article attempts to show the role and place of the general police in the local government of pre-revolutionary Siberia and to analyze the main sources on the subject. It focuses on structure, nature, organizational and legal problem of the local government in Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century.
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Wierzbicki, Paweł. "„Tygodnik Polski” (Harbin 1922-1942) jako źródło do dziejów polskiej emigracji w Chinach." Rocznik Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN 64 (2019): 161–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25440500rbn.19.010.14153.
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Tygodnik Polski (Harbin 1922–1942) as a Source for the History of Polish Emigration in China Harbin, a city located in Manchuria in the Far East, became an important centre of Polish emigration in the first half of the 20th century. It was inhabited by a few thousand Polish expatriates, who could attend Polish churches and schools and had Polish social, economic and cultural organisations here. They also published books and periodicals. The longest existing periodical was Tygodnik Polski, a weekly founded by priest Władysław Ostrowski. In spite of financial difficulties and a small number of Poles in Manchuria, Tygodnik survived for 20 years (1922–1942), becoming an important source documenting the life of the Polish community in that area. Among Polish periodicals issued in Asia, it was published for the longest time and was the only Polish periodical in Asia for some time. The aim of the presented paper is to supplement the existing state of research with new information regarding the publication, edition, character and mission of the weekly. Among raised problems, the issues of upbringing and education were highlighted. The research was based on an analysis of annual volumes of Tygodnik Polski.
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Imasheva, Marina M. "Muslim Social Movement on the Periphery of the Russian Empire as Viewed by a Gendarmerie Agent: Materials from the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2018): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-1-207-218.
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In a stand-alone fond ‘Astrakhan Gubernia Gendarmerie Department’ from the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region, there are several files concerning the history of the Muslim social movement in the Astrakhan gubernia in the period between the two Russian revolutions. According to statistical data, in 1900s Astrakhan ranked second in Tatar population, falling short only of Kazan. Then and there, as in other places, institutionalization and activation of the Muslim social movement was underway. But the Astrakhan Muslim community had several specific features due to its history. First of all, it was multinational. The cosmopolitan Muslim community, the mahalla, had its own nature, and that left its imprint on the social movement in the region. The gendarmerie agent took interest in all aspects of Muslims social activity in the region: cultural and educational organizations, secular education, periodicals. The gendarmerie materials described personalities and activities of prominent Muslim figures of the early 20th century, not just of the regional, but also of the all-Russian scale. The uniqueness of the document is in its information potential for studying the Tatar and Muslim national movement in the Russian Empire, its impact on the life style of the ethno-confessional enclave of the Astrakhan Muslims, and history of its relations with gendarmerie. The author examines factors that contributed to the creation of the document, analyzes historical facts and reliability of information on different subjects, provides some interesting information on the Astrakhan Muslim social movement of the early 20th century, its leaders, etc.
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Quinn, Michael. "Rights to the rangelands: European contests of possession in the early 20th century." Rangeland Journal 23, no. 1 (2001): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj01011.
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Resolving competition over rights to the resources of Australia's rangelands is an issue of national prominence. In the early 20th century, European competition over the rangelands reflected the idea that the land needed to be used 'productively' for its occupation to be legitimate, and the idea that the rangelands were the 'public estate'. These perspectives about rights to the rangelands expose roots of today's conflicts. A central theme of 19th century Australian history has been conflict between squatters and colonial governments. By the beginning of the 20th century, occupation of the rangelands had been mostly legitimised through leases and licenses. Governments have continued to use leases to influence access and the use of the rangelands. The 20th century saw conflict continue over rights to the rangelands. Closer settlement, an expression of this conflict, sometimes led to land use that was disastrous for the land and those who used it. The career of the pastoralist Sidney Kidman illustrates the conflicts between the landed and landless, and the inseparability of 'productive' and 'legitimate' land use. The beginning of the 20th century also saw growing knowledge about the environmental impacts of rangeland pastoralism. The rights of lessees and governments were widely renegotiated, in the example of New South Wales, in all attempt to make land use better reflect this new knowledge and to protect the 'public estate'. Today, the history of the rangelands is used by different groups to justify perceived rights to its resources — these rights are legitimised culturally as well by the narrower prescriptions of the law. As social values change, different interests in the rangelands need to be accommodated. A better awareness of past ideas about the rights to the rangelands may in a small way help reconcile these interests, if only by reminding us that in the continuing process of adapting to the rangelands, rights have always been contested and negotiated rather than immutable.
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Zernetska, O. "The Role of Women-Journalists and Writers in the Development of Democracy and Culture in Australia (the end of the XIXth century – 70s of the XXth century)." Problems of World History, no. 18 (November 8, 2022): 187–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2022-18-8.
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The emancipation of Australian women in particular journalists and writers, who dedicated their lives to the development of culture of the fifth continent has been detected in this article. The goal of the article is to analyse the arrival of women – journalists, editors, publishers - in the print media and to determine their role in the formation and development of democracy and culture of the young state.
As a result of the interdisciplinary research (combination of history, sociology, philology, culturology) new data on the role of women were obtained in the formation of democracy in Australia. This gives reason to affirm that this is the first study of this problem in Ukraine.
New names of such outstanding Australian men – journalists, editors, publishers, writers as E.S. Hall, S. Bennet, H. Parks, G. Mott, C. Feilberg, W. Winn and women – L. Lawson, F. Baverstock, N. Palmer were introduced into scientific circulation. Significantly expanded and supplemented historical and cultural information about such outstanding women writers and journalists as M. Gilmore, E.F. Richardson, M. Franklin, K.S. Prichard, C. Stead, C. McCullough. Their life is investigated in the context of socio-historical development of Australia and world events that were reflected in their work. Great is their contribution to the antifascist struggle, to the defence of freedom and democratic values in Australia.
The artistic value of the work of each of them is determined. The humanistic and realistic approach in creating their characters is clarified. It reflects the historical and socio-cultural development of Australia since the mid-XIX century to the 70-s of the XX century. It is proved that the history of periodicals and the development of literature on the fifth continent is the story of extraordinary talented women, in whose destinies the history of the development of the fourth power and the literature of Australia is reflected. The stages of The Bulletin magazine’s existence, the reasons for its closure and its influence on formation of Australian national literature are analysed.
The practical value of the work lies in the fact that it brings new data to academic courses such as “The History of Australia”, “The Print Media of Australia”, “The Literature of Australia”.
It is proved than women writers and journalists of Australia enriched Australian literature with bright original works and also made a significant contribution to its culture and democracy.
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Fershtej, Vasyl. "The Studion’s Library collection in Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv: fragments of history, study experience and preservation issues." Proceedings of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, no. 12(28) (2020): 238–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0315-2020-12(28)-9.
Full textAbstract:
Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv (VSNSL of Ukraine in Lviv) is considered as an inheritor and successor for major Ukrainian libraries and institutions that constituted its base consequently to geopolitical upheavals of first half of 20th century. These are books, manuscripts, old prints, periodicals, notes and fine arts collections etc. from the libraries of Shevchenko Scientific Society, People’s Home in Lviv, monasteries, private collections, as well as Studion’s Library collection, whose substantial part now is being dispersed along the shelves of VSNSL of Ukraine in Lviv. The author defined the role of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi and Klymentii Sheptytskyi in establishing and maintaining this biggest specialized scientific library in Galicia at that time. The paper describes the rise and evolution of the Studion’s Library collection drawing on archival documents and revealing main stages of its formation, outlines objectives that Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi determined for it and highlighted Metropolitan’s activity in church and social fields resulted in formation of national and cultural institutions. The author also defined the outstanding role of Studion’s in the religious life of Ukrainians. The Studion’s Library collection was officially integrated into Lviv Branch of the Library of the Academy of Sciences of USSR on February 12, 1940. So the dispersion of the once rich collection started. Now those books and periodicals are parts of Rare Book Department, Manuscript Department, Ucrainica Department, Exchange and Reserve Department, Department of European book of 19th–20th cc. and others. These collections were repeatedly examined within several bibliological studies conducted by the Library’s researchers. Thus, it is marked that unique collections of Studion’s like other historical libraries at VSNSL of Ukraine in Lviv need writing their history as well as their bibliographical reconstruction what is now composing one of main objectives of Library’s staff Keywords: Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi, Klymentii Sheptytskyi, the Studion’s Library collection, Byzantine Library.
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TKACHUK, Pavlo. "SAMIZDAT PERIODICALS AS A SOURCE OF RESEARCHING MILITARY AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF UKRAINE IN THE LATE '80S - EARLY '90S OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 34 (2021): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2021-34-172-182.
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Esipova, V. A. "Amateur Magazines of Tomsk Seminarians: The History of Magazine “Soyus”." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 6 (August 11, 2021): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-6-54-61.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of publications made by students in the early 20th century recently became a matter of interest among scholars. The purpose of the article is to study one of them, “Soyuz” magazine, which was published by students of the theological seminary in Tomsk in 1907. The problem is that not a single issue of the magazine has survived to this day. Therefore, the research relies on the method of historical reconstruction based on the archival documents. The main achievements of this study are as follows. Based on the analyses of previously unknown archival sources, it reconstructs the history of the magazine, its team, printing equipment, and capacities, and the list of authors. It discovers a description of the magazine made by the Tomsk gendarme office. The article contains the contents of two issues of the magazine. It establishes that the magazine stuck to social-democratic ideas and was the structural element of the Tomsk branch of the All-Russian Seminary Union. It indicates the place of the magazine among other Tomsk periodicals. On the one hand, it fully fitted into the practice of the work of social-democratic organizations, on other hand, in terms of the methods of technical and organizational creation, it was a typical students self-published publication.
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Drozdovska, Olesia. "THE PRESS AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING HISTORY OF THE UKRAINIAN PRINT MEDIA (1900–1939s)." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 11(29) (2021): 142–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2021-11(29)-8.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of information potential of the Ukrainian press of the first forty-years of the 20th century as a source of data on Ukrainian print media of the indicated period is highlighted. The survey of a number of newspapers and magazines issued at that time in different regions of Ukraine (in such cities and towns as Ielisavetgrad, Kyiv, Lviv, Skvyra, Sokal, Odesa, Khorol, and so on) and abroad (Vienna, Ekaterinodar, Paris, Prague, Ruski Krstur, Scranton, Tashkent, Harbin, and others), is made. The materials on the history of Ukrainian press were selected, their analysis was performed. Conditional groups of these publications are defined: 1) promotional and organizational materials; 2) bibliographic lists; 3) press studies related publications; 4) biographical materials; 5) re ports on the activities of various institutions. Their content is studied; a number of examples are given. It is noted that the Ukrainian press of the first four decades of the 20th century contains important data on the history and bibliography of individual journals, groups of publications (by place, year of publication, type, specialization, and so on) as well as the system of Ukrainian print media in general. In particular, this article shows that the studied materials help the modern researcher to elucidate purpose and objectives of specific media objects, to establish reasons for their creation/closure, the circle of employees/ authorship, publishers and, last but not least, real editors. It is elucidated here that some publications contain information about the circulation of periodicals, the amount of royalties, editorial policies aimed at expanding the readership, content of publications, and so on. The value of such data for reconstructing the history of the unpreserved print media is emphasized. It is noted that the pages of the studied newspapers and magazines contain information about press projects, which implementation has yet to be verified. It has been stated that the study of materials of the thematic direction published in the press during the first forty years of the XX century contributes to the reconstruction of the history of particular media objects and the history of the Ukrainian journalism of that period in general. Keywords: press, information potential, source of studying the history of mass media, Ukrainian print media, history of the journalism.
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Kondrashuk, R. A. "THE USE OF MEMETICS IN THE CLASSICAL RECEPTION STUDIES IN AMERICAN PRESS AT THE TURN OF THE 19THAND 20TH CENTURIES." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(59) (2022): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-4-140-151.
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Antiquity, which once inspired the Founding Fathers and later became an important reference point for many subsequent generations of American politicians, has lost its former significance. Many researchers traditionally associate this process with the industrialization at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, when society placed more emphasis on practical knowledge and skills. It would be logical to anticipate a gradual decrease in the number of references to Ancient Greek and Roman history featured in the publications of the emerging mass press focused on the needs of a wide audience and consisting of short and catchy notes. However, there was an upsurge of interest in antiquity in American newspapers. Unfortunately, researchers of classical reception usually pay little attention to periodicals. Using the memetic approach, the article attempts to resolve this contradiction. In addition, the survey analyzes which particular classical subjects were interesting to the readers of mass press, and considers possible options for interpreting and rethinking some ancient history’s images. Through a range of public issues, as well as events and characters of ancient history, the article examines two subjects in detail: the fall of Rome and Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi.
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Kalniņa, Ieva. "THE WAY TO LATGALIAN LITERATURE DURING THE 90s OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Via Latgalica, no. 10 (November 30, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2017.10.2767.
Full textAbstract:
During the 90s of the 20th century revival of Latgalian literature took place in the Republic of Latvia. It was a gradual process; in 2001 in “History of Latvian Literature" created by the Institute of Literature, Folklore and Art of the University of Latvia (ILFA) Ieva E. Kalniņa wrote about poetry of the 90s where she admitted that “it is already quite customary that poetry can be read in Latgalian written language”. Recent studies of Latvian literature in the 90s of the 20th century show that authors have different attitude towards Latgalian literature: Guntis Berelis has not included the revival of Latgalian literature in his list of the new phenomena of Latvian literature in his book “History of Latvian Literature”; among the ILFA researchers only Ieva E. Kalniņa mentions Oskars Seiksts, Anna Rancāne, Andris Vējāns, Osvalds Kravalis along with Vends and Livs among other phenomena of the 90s poetry; meanwhile in the review of prose and drama Latgalian literature is not mentioned at all. In 2007 Māris Salējs in his essay “Reflection on Latvian Literature 2000–2006” included Latgalian poets in the description of Latvian poetry, thus Valentīns Lukaševics and Juoņs Ryučāns together with Kārlis Vērdiņš and Marts Pujāts make up a characteristic trend. In the description of other genres Latgalian literature is not mentioned in this publication either. In this article the similarities and differences of Latvian and Latgalian literary revival process of the late 80s and the 90s of the 20th century are examined with special attention to the literary monthly magazine „Karogs” (Flag). The article deals with the development of literary process, cultural and historical methods are used to reach the aim of this paper – to find out what elements constitute the way to the establishment of Latgalian literature in Latvian cultural space and the importance of literary magazine „Karogs” in this process. There are several common trends of Latvian and Latgalian literary renewal in the 80s and 90s of the 20th century literary process: 1) return of repressed Latvian and Latgalian writers and their work to Latvian culture (such as Marta Skuja); 2) broad entry of exile literature into circulation for Latvian readership (Jānis Klīdzējs Marija Andžāne, etc.); 3) reprinted works, written during the 20s and 30s and unpublished in the Soviet time (Aleksandrs Adamāns); 4) in both traditions a number of exile periodicals begin to come out and some Latvian time periodicals are restored („Acta Latgalica”); 5) return of exile archives to Latvia („Latgaļu sāta”). Postmodern tendencies are observed not only in works of Aivars Ozoliņš, Jānis Vēvers or Gundega Repše, but also in creative work of O. Seiksts. Latgalian language and literature in Latvian cultural space has a special situation: there are important tasks to complete – to create a new alphabet, restore confidence in Latgalian literature in both traditions, the young and middle generation have to start writing in Latgalian tradition. Monthly magazine “Karogs” vividly reveals the new trends in Latgalian literature of the turn of the 80s and 90s, an important role is played by editor Andris Vējāns. It was „Karogs” which published one of the most influential texts of national awakening in Latgalian tradition – poem by O. Kravalis „Brōļ, pīmiņ!” (Brother, remember!). This publication is undeniably regarded as programmatic in Latvian and Latgalian literary traditions, declaring the return of Latgalian tradition and accepting the existence of both literatures. Among important publications in 1988 in the magazine about remembrance of Latgale cultural week, there was an article by Antons Stankēvičs „Atkusnī uzplaucis zieds” (A thaw flower) and Juris Pabērzs’ article „Skan joprojām” (It still sounds) where the role of the minister of culture Voldemārs Kalpiņš was emphasized. Poetry section published a poem of Antons Kūkojs „Atceroties Latgales kultūras nedēļu pirms 30 gadiem” (Remembering Latgale cultural week 30 years ago). The 1989 concept of magazine „Karogs” is obvious in publications of Latvian and Latgalian texts as a desire to respect the two literary traditions and present them to readers throughout Latvia. In 1990 and 2000 when the editor is Māra Zālīte, works of Roberts Mūks, A. Rancāne, J. Klīdzējs are published, some of them are in Latgalian, but mainly publications are in the Latvian literary language. There are two important articles in „Karogs”. Issue No.4, 1994 published Janīna Kursīte’s article „Latgaliešu literatūra – kas tu esi?” (Latgalian literature – who are you?), where the importance of dialects was emphasized and their ability to enrich the Latvian language, also this article pointed out the importance of periphery for the development of centre. Regarding recent Latgalian literature J. Kursīte’s assessment is blunt:”If one looks more carefully at what is published in the Latgalian literary language, one cannot overlook that artistically much of it is “rubbish”.” In 1997 was published Ilga Muižniece’s elegant review „Rūgtais pieradums – (ne dzīvot)” (Bitter habit – (not to live)) about O. Seiksts’ and V. Lukaševics’ novel „Valerjana dzeive i redzīni” (Valerjan’s life and opinions). The 90s mark two cultural traditions of Latgalian literature: 1) to some extent in the Latvian tradition Latgalian literature is viewed as an ethnographic tradition, which shows the possibilities of the Latvian language, diversity of traditions, complements Latvian literature with Latgalian vitality and charm, marks its catholic orientation, shows the natural beauty of Latgale; 2) Latgalian literature is considered an independent literature, writing in Latgalian is authors’ way of self-expression, it does not try to add anything to Latvian literary tradition, and it is based in Latgale and together with the Latvian literary tradition forms Latvian literature. Revival of Latgalian literature is one of the brightest features of culturally restored independent Latvia.