Journal articles: 'Australian motor sport'

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Joseph, Pauline. "A case study of records management practices in historic motor sport." Records Management Journal 26, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 314–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-08-2015-0031.

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Purpose This paper aims to report on empirical research that investigated the records management practices of two motor sport community-based organisations in Australia. Design/methodology/approach This multi-method case study was conducted on the regulator of motor sport, the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport Ltd (CAMS) and one affiliated historic car club, the Vintage Sports Car Club (VSCC), in Western Australia. Data were gathered using an online audit tool and by interviewing selected stakeholders in these organisations about their organisation’s records management practices. Findings The findings confirm that these organisations experience significant information management challenges, including difficulty in capturing, organising, managing, searching, accessing and preserving their records and archives. Hence, highlighting their inability to manage records advocated in the best practice Standard ISO 15489. It reveals the assumption of records management roles by unskilled members of the group. It emphasises that community-based organisations require assistance in managing their information management assets. Research limitations/implications This research focused on the historic car clubs; hence, it did not include other Australian car clubs in motor sport. Although four historical car clubs, one in each Australian state, were invited to participate, only the VSCC participated. This reduced the sample size to only one CAMS-affiliated historical car club in the study. Hence, further research is required to investigate the records management practices of other CAMS affiliated car clubs in all race disciplines and to confirm whether they experienced similar information management challenges. Comments from key informants in this project indicated that this is likely the case. Practical implications The research highlights risks to the motor sport community’s records and archives. It signals that without leadership by the sport’s governing body, current records and community archives of CAMS and its affiliated car clubs are in danger of being inaccessible, hence lost. Social implications The research highlights the risks in preserving the continuing memory of records and archives in leisure-based community organisations and showcases the threats in preserving its cultural identity and history. Originality/value It is the first study examining records management practices in the serious leisure sector using the motor sport community.

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Fortington, Lauren V., Andrew S. McIntosh, and Caroline F. Finch. "Injury deaths in Australian sport and recreation: Identifying and assessing priorities for prevention." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0250199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250199.

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Introduction Sport and recreation is beneficial for health and wellbeing but comes with a probability of loss, including occasional fatal injuries. Following high-profile injury deaths in Australia, concerns are raised regarding the safety of sport participation. To understand the scale and scope of injury deaths, and identify potential prevention opportunities, the aim of this investigation was to describe the number and nature of fatal injuries in Australian sport and recreation. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of injury deaths reported between 1 July 2000 to 31 December 2019 using data from the National Coronial Information System, Australia. Unintentional deaths with an external cause, where the activity was recorded as sport and exercise during leisure time were included. Drowning deaths were excluded. Presented are the number and % of cases by age, sex, sport, broad cause and annual crude death rate (population). Results There were 1192 deaths, averaging 63 per year. Deaths were mostly in males (84.4%), with the largest proportion in people aged 15–24 years (23.1%). Wheeled motor (26.9%) and non-motor (16.2%) sports accounted for the highest proportion of cases. The primary mechanism of death was most commonly blunt force (85.4%), followed by piercing/penetrating force (5.0%). The years 2001 and 2005 recorded the highest crude injury death rate (2001, n = 92, 0.47 per 100,000 population; 2005, n = 95, 0.47 per 100,000 population). Conclusions On average, there is more than one injury death per week in a sport or recreation setting in Australia. Cases occurred in many sports and recreation activities, including those generally considered to be safe (e.g. individual athletic activities, team ball sports.) Detailed investigation of the coronial recommendations that are present within each case is now needed to understand and identify potential prevention opportunities.

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Joseph, Pauline. "Australian motor sport enthusiasts’ leisure information behaviour." Journal of Documentation 72, no. 6 (October 10, 2016): 1078–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-12-2015-0150.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the leisure information behaviour of motor sport enthusiasts, examining: their information needs; their information seeking and sharing; what personal information they had; and their satisfaction with their information seeking and personal information management efforts. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study examined participants’ information behaviour from a postpositivist and inductive research approach. An online survey was completed by 81 motor sport enthusiasts. The quantitative survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics, whilst the qualitative data were analysed using thematic coding. Findings The research findings highlighted that enthusiasts engaged in mixed serious leisure. They required information before, during and after race events, and sought this primarily from online sources, as well as from other individuals. Totally, 90 participants shared information about their interest in motor sport with family, friends and fellow enthusiasts, primarily via e-mails (69 per cent) and Facebook (49 per cent). They also gathered information about motor sport, including photographs and memorabilia. Participants were satisfied with their information management strategies for their personal collections. Research limitations/implications Participants were limited to motor sport enthusiasts in Australia, hence findings cannot be generalised more broadly. Practical implications Understandings of enthusiasts’ information behaviour provide information management professionals with insights to work with this user community. Originality/value This study fills a gap in the literature about leisure information behaviour of motor sport enthusiasts in Australia. It identifies and provides a typology of the 12 categories of information needed by enthusiasts. Provides a preliminary motor sport information behaviour model guided by the conceptual frameworks of the everyday life information seeking model; general models on information behaviour; and the information problem solving behaviour model.

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J. Tranter, Paul. "Motor Racing in Australia: Health Damaging or Health Promoting?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 9, no. 1 (2003): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py03006.

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Motor racing, as it is currently practiced in Australia, may have a range of implications for public health. These effects are not limited to the active participants. The health of spectators and the wider community may also be influenced. Motor racing presents some positive public health messages; for example, some Australian motor racing personalities have promoted safe driving practices, including limiting alcohol consumption while driving. However, motor racing may also impact negatively on public health. The negative health impacts of motor racing relate to road accidents, alcohol and tobacco sponsorship, noise and air pollution, and the disruption of "healthy" modes of transport such as walking and cycling. Motor racing on city street circuits can also have negative impacts on the efficient functioning of hospitals, medical practices and emergency services. Some changes in the way that motor sport is conducted in Australia may provide some high profile opportunities for the promotion of healthier lifestyles.

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Symons, Georgia F., Meaghan Clough, William T. O’Brien, Joel Ernest, Sabrina Salberg, Daniel Costello, Mujun Sun, et al. "Shortened telomeres and serum protein biomarker abnormalities in collision sport athletes regardless of concussion history and sex." Journal of Concussion 4 (January 2020): 205970022097560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059700220975609.

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Mild brain injuries are frequent in athletes engaging in collision sports and have been linked to a range of long-term neurological abnormalities. There is a need to identify how these potential abnormalities manifest using objective measures; determine whether changes are due to concussive and/or sub-concussive injuries; and examine how biological sex affects outcomes. This study investigated cognitive, cellular, and molecular biomarkers in male and female amateur Australian footballers (i.e. Australia’s most participated collision sport). 95 Australian footballers (69 males, 26 females), both with and without a history of concussion, as well as 49 control athletes (28 males, 21 females) with no history of brain trauma or participation in collision sports were recruited to the study. Ocular motor assessment was used to examine cognitive function. Telomere length, a biomarker of cellular senescence and neurological health, was examined in saliva. Serum levels of tau, phosphorylated tau, neurofilament light chain, and 4-hydroxynonenal were used as markers to assess axonal injury and oxidative stress. Australian footballers had reduced telomere length (p = 0.031) and increased serum protein levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (p = 0.001), tau (p = 0.007), and phosphorylated tau (p = 0.036). These findings were independent of concussion history and sex. No significant ocular motor differences were found. Taken together, these findings suggest that engagement in collision sports, regardless of sex or a history of concussion, is associated with shortened telomeres, axonal injury, and oxidative stress. These saliva- and serum-based biomarkers may be useful to monitor neurological injury in collision sport athletes.

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Mleczko, Edward. "A short reflection of anthropomotorics on the introduction of a new psychological determinant of motor behaviour: the metacognitive self – to Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences." Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 31, no. 94 (June 27, 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7319.

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Material and methods. Unobtrusive research, content analysis, narrative review. Aim: The purpose of the research is: presentation of an opinion on a matter undertaken for the first time in Anthromotorics. Journal of Kinesiologu and Exercise Sciences of metacognitive problems and the recommendation of a new Australian questionnaire for the study of metacognitive problems in sport Material and methods. Unobtrusive research, content analysis, narrative review. Results. The metacognitive theory in this area of sport is still in its infancy. In scientific research around the world, it has been used to a small extent for interpretation only with regard to selected problems in competitive sports. The effectiveness of research is influenced by the lack of appropriate tools to solve metacognitive problems in sport. The work published in Antropomotoryka, which is based on the Polish concept of the Metacognitive self, can be considered a more significant contribution to the issues of sports training. Conclusions. Attention should be paid to the development of issues concerning active people’s behaviour with the use of metacognitive concepts for the new Australian tool: “Development and validation of the metacognitive beliefs about performances questionnaire”.

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Hewitt, Mitchell, Ken Edwards, Sarah Ashworth, and Shane Pill. "Investigating the Teaching Styles of Tennis Coaches Using The Spectrum." Sport Science Review 25, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2016): 350–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssr-2016-0019.

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Abstract It is unknown what teaching styles (range of pedagogies) coaches are employing during coaching sessions and whether these teaching styles are associated with recommended pedagogical principles advocated by sport and coaching scholars. It is unknown whether twenty years of coach education has shifted coaching practice as the insights into the pedagogical diversity and preference of teaching styles that underpin and inform the coaches’ decisions to employ particular teaching strategies during coaching sessions are undetermined. This paper addresses these unknowns in the field of tennis coaching in Australia by reporting the findings of a study that address the lack of information on the teaching styles employed by tennis coaches by asking the following research question: What teaching styles are junior coaches in Australia actually using during coaching sessions? This study used The Spectrum (Mosston & Ashworth, 2008) of teaching styles as a tool to assess the observed teaching styles of twelve junior coaches. Contrary to the educational convictions of Australian sport coach education materials the results from this study indicated that the coaches in this study potentially did not offer players developmental opportunities beyond a limited range (i.e., motor skill development in the physical learning domain) due to a narrow pedagogical mix in their coaching.

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Howells, Katherine, Carmel Sivaratnam, Tamara May, Ebony Lindor, and Nicole Rinehart. "A Pilot Acceptability Study of an ‘AllPlay Pre-Learn’ Day Program to Facilitate Participation in Organised Physical Activity for Children with Disabilities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245058.

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In a mixed-methods design, the current study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of a junior Australian rules football program across two ‘AllPlay Pre-Learn’ days for children aged 5–11 years with disabilities, based on parent and child responses. Three online surveys were created by health professionals based on existing participation models. Surveys were completed by parents immediately before (n = 23), after the ‘Pre-Learn’ days (n = 15) and following the conclusion of the community version of the program (n = 13). Quantitative findings indicated significant improvements in child ratings around enjoyment of the sport. Qualitative analyses generated three themes around enjoyment in a low-stress environment; the education provided around the sport for parents/children; and, contemplation about playing the football program within their community. Four families (22% of the original attendees) went on to play the sport within a community setting. Despite acknowledged limitations, this study demonstrates preliminary evidence in support of an ‘AllPlay Pre-Learn’ day as a stepping stone to facilitate later participation in a football program within a child’s community. Increased participation would allow children to experience the benefits associated with sport participation, such as motor and social skill development.

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Davis, Gavin A., Michael Makdissi, Paul Bloomfield, Patrick Clifton, Ruben J. Echemendia, Éanna Cian Falvey, Gordon Ward Fuller, et al. "International study of video review of concussion in professional sports." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 20 (September 27, 2018): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099727.

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BackgroundVideo review has become an important tool in professional sporting codes to help sideline identification and management of players with a potential concussion.AimTo assess current practices related to video review of concussion in professional sports internationally, and compare protocols and diagnostic criteria used to identify and manage potential concussions.MethodsCurrent concussion management guidelines from professional national and international sporting codes were reviewed. Specific criteria and definitions of video signs associated with concussion were compared between codes. Rules and regulations adopted across the codes for processes around video review were also assessed.ResultsSix sports with specific diagnostic criteria and definitions for signs of concussion identified on video review participated in this study (Australian football, American football, world rugby, cricket, rugby league and ice hockey). Video signs common to all sports include lying motionless/loss of responsiveness and motor incoordination. The video signs considered by the majority of sports as most predictive of a diagnosis of concussion include motor incoordination, impact seizure, tonic posturing and lying motionless. Regulatory requirements, sideline availability of video, medical expertise of video reviewers and use of spotters differ across sports and geographical boundaries. By and large, these differences reflect a pragmatic approach from each sport, with limited underlying research and development of the video review process in some instances.ConclusionsThe use of video analysis in assisting medical staff with the diagnosis or identification of potential concussion is well established across different sports internationally. The diagnostic criteria used and the expertise of the video review personnel are not clearly established, and research efforts would benefit from a collaborative harmonisation across sporting codes.

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Gabbett, Tim, and Rich Masters. "Challenges and Solutions When Applying Implicit Motor Learning Theory in a High Performance Sport Environment: Examples from Rugby League." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 6, no. 4 (December 2011): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.6.4.567.

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Skills that are learnt implicitly (i.e., without the accumulation of task-related rules and knowledge) have been shown to result in performance that displays stability in conditions of psychological stress, fatigue, multi-tasking, and over prolonged periods of time. Despite the wealth of evidence supporting the use of implicit motor learning strategies, the majority of this evidence has been generated from studies of novice performers rather than of experts. The aim of this paper is to describe some of the challenges faced by high-performance coaches and athletes who may wish to use implicit motor learning and to frame potential solutions with respect to the elite Australian National Rugby League competition. Practical training activities and techniques (e.g., errorless learning, random practice, cues, dual-tasking, and analogies), designed to facilitate the development of implicit skills that transfer robustly to high-performance competition environments, are presented.

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Feitoza, Anderson Henry Pereira, Rafael dos Santos Henrique, Lisa M. Barnett, Alessandro Hervaldo Nicolai Ré, Vítor Pires Lopes, E. Kipling Webster, Leah E. Robinson, Wivianne A. Cavalcante, and Maria Teresa Cattuzzo. "Perceived Motor Competence in Childhood: Comparative Study Among Countries." Journal of Motor Learning and Development 6, s2 (October 1, 2018): S337—S350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2016-0079.

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Perceived motor competence (PMC) is a psychological construct that may be influenced by various environmental factors. This study aimed to analyze differences in PMC of children from four diverse countries. The sample was comprised of 231 Brazilian, 129 Australian, 140 Portuguese, and 114 American children, aged 5–8 years. The PMC was assessed using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Children. Differences in PMC among countries were verified using Kruskal-Wallis tests, separately by age and gender. For girls (from the age of six), differences were found in the leap, slide, hit, and catch, as well as the sum of object control skills and total score. For boys, differences were found among countries in the gallop, jump, slide, hit, catch, and roll, as well as the sum of locomotor and object control skills, and the total skill score. Overall, American children seem to perceive themselves more competent compared to children from other countries. Leisure and sport activities in each country may influence the construction of PMC.

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Davis, Gavin A., Michael Makdissi, Paul Bloomfield, Patrick Clifton, Ruben J. Echemendia, Éanna Cian Falvey, Gordon Ward Fuller, et al. "International consensus definitions of video signs of concussion in professional sports." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 20 (April 6, 2019): 1264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100628.

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BackgroundThe use of video to assist professional sporting bodies with the diagnosis of sport-related concussion (SRC) has been well established; however, there has been little consistency across sporting codes with regards to which video signs should be used, and the definitions of each of these signs.AimThe aims of this study were to develop a consensus for the video signs considered to be most useful in the identification of a possible SRC and to develop a consensus definition for each of these video signs across the sporting codes.MethodsA brief questionnaire was used to assess which video signs were considered to be most useful in the identification of a possible concussion. Consensus was defined as >90% agreement by respondents. Existing definitions of these video signs from individual sports were collated, and individual components of the definitions were assessed and ranked. A modified Delphi approach was then used to create a consensus definition for each of the video signs.ResultsRespondents representing seven sporting bodies (Australian Football League, Cricket Australia, Major League Baseball, NFL, NHL, National Rugby League, World Rugby) reached consensus on eight video signs of concussion. Thirteen representatives from the seven professional sports ranked the definition components. Consolidation and refinement of the video signs and their definitions resulted in consensus definitions for six video signs of possible concussion: lying motionless, motor incoordination, impact seizure, tonic posturing, no protective action—floppy and blank/vacant look.ConclusionsThese video signs and definitions have reached international consensus, are indicated for use by professional sporting bodies and will form the basis for further collaborative research.

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Ptak, Agnieszka, Agnieszka Dębiec-Bąk, and Małgorzata Stefańska. "Thermographic of the Microcirculation in Healthy Children Aged 3–10 Months as an Objective and Noninvasive Method of Assessment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 16072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316072.

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Background: The aim of this study was to assess if thermography as an objective and non-invasive research tool is capable of identifying the changes in the surface temperature of the body as a response to muscle stimulation in Vojta therapy. The research group consisted of children aged 3–10 months with slight abnormalities of the motor pattern, subjected to individually selected stimulation elements according to Vojta. Methods: The Vojta method of spontaneous motor assessment and the thermovision method of assessing the microcirculation properties of muscles were used for the evaluation. Results: In the study group, changes in the microcirculation parameters of the extensor muscles of the back occurred immediately after the therapy at the first examination. Conclusions: The analysis featuring an objective assessment allows physiotherapists to diagnose local temperature changes based on the effect of microcirculation parameters in the musculofascial structures. Trial registration: The research was conducted as a pilot study for a scientific project approved by the Commission for Scientific Research of the University of Health and Sport Sciences in Wroclaw No 24/2021. The study is currently in the registration process with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry.

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Ekegren, Christina L., Ben Beck, Pamela M. Simpson, and Belinda J. Gabbe. "Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 232596711875750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118757502.

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Background: Sports injuries that result in major trauma or death are associated with significant health care burden and societal costs. An understanding of changes in injury trends, and their drivers, is needed to implement policy aimed at risk reduction and injury prevention. To date, population-level reporting has not been available regarding trends in serious sport and recreation injuries anywhere in Australia over such an extended period, nor have any studies of this length captured comprehensive, long-term data on all sports-related major trauma internationally. Purpose: To describe the incidence of sport and active recreation injuries resulting in major trauma or death over a 10-year period (July 2005 to June 2015) in the state of Victoria, Australia. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: All sport and active recreation–related major trauma cases and deaths in Victoria, Australia, over a 10-year period were extracted from the population-level Victorian State Trauma Registry and the National Coroners Information System. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine trends in the incidence of sport and active recreation–related major trauma and death. Results: The 10-year study period entailed 2847 nonfatal major trauma cases and 614 deaths (including 96 in-hospital deaths). The highest frequencies of major trauma cases and deaths were in cycling, motor sports, and equestrian activities. The participation-adjusted major trauma and death rate was 12.2 per 100,000 participants per year over the study period. An 8% increase was noted in the rate of nonfatal major trauma (incident rate ratio [IRR], 1.08; 95% CI, 1.06-1.10; P < .001) and a 7% decrease in the death rate (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.97; P < .001). Significant increases were found in the rates of major trauma (including deaths) in equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling. Conclusion: The death rate from sport and active recreation decreased by more than half over the course of 10 years in Victoria, while the rate of nonfatal major trauma almost doubled. This increase is largely attributable to equestrian activities, motor sports, and cycling. Study findings highlight the need to prioritize investments in the prevention of trauma in these activities.

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Wicker, Pamela, Kevin Filo, and Graham Cuskelly. "Organizational Resilience of Community Sport Clubs Impacted by Natural Disasters." Journal of Sport Management 27, no. 6 (November 2013): 510–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.27.6.510.

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When community sport clubs are impacted by natural disasters, organizational resilience is critical to recovery. Within this study, organizational resilience is conceptualized as a function of robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity, and applied to community sport clubs. Using data from a survey of sport clubs (n= 200) in Queensland, Australia, the organizational resilience of affected clubs and their recovery from natural disasters (flooding, cyclone) was investigated. The findings show that clubs used human and financial resources predominantly in their recovery efforts. Organizational resilience, number of members, and the use of government grants had a significant positive effect on the extent of the club’s perceived overall recovery. Clubs providing equestrian, golf, and motor sports recovered to a significantly lower extent. Proactively pursuing government grants, suitable insurance coverage, and interorganizational relationships were identified as factors that assisted clubs in becoming more resilient. The measurement of resilience should be refined and expanded in future research.

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Trinh, Giang Tue. "The attendance at sporting events: A generalized theory and its implications." International Journal of Market Research 60, no. 3 (May 2018): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785318774677.

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This article generalizes the well-known negative binomial distribution (NBD) theory to attendance behavior at sporting events. Using data from a large national survey across a range of sporting events in Australia, including Australian football, rugby league, soccer (outdoor), horse racing, motor sports, rugby union, cricket (outdoor), netball (indoor and outdoor), basketball (indoor and outdoor), harness racing, and dog racing, we show that the NBD is very robust in describing sporting event attendance behavior. This result has implications for sporting event marketing activities, such as which attendee segments should be targeted, how to increase ticket sales, as well as predicting future attendance behavior.

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Timler, Amanda, Fleur McIntyre, and Beth Hands. "Factors Contributing to Australian Adolescents’ Self-Report of Their Motor Skill Competence." Journal of Motor Learning and Development 6, s2 (October 1, 2018): S281—S300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2016-0069.

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An adolescent’s motor skill competence can affect areas such as sports participation, social activities, and future academic or employment decisions. The Adolescent Motor Competence Questionnaire (AMCQ) is a 26-item questionnaire that uses a four-point Likert scale response (never, sometimes, frequently, always) to assess motor-related activities during adolescence. This study aims to provide evidence of the construct validity of the AMCQ using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and to identify factors that contributed to Australian adolescent self-reported motor competence. A final aim was to determine whether individual item responses differed between males and females. The AMCQ was completed by 160 adolescents (12 to 16 years old, Mage = 14.45 years, SD = .75). The PCA using varimax rotation extracted four factors (Eiqenvalue of ≥1.21) explaining 52% of variance and representing Participation in Physical Activity and Sports, Activities of Daily Living, Public Performance, and Peer Comparison. Overall, males reported higher AMCQ scores compared to females. Females responded negatively (sometimes/never) to all items, particularly those on Physical Activity and Sports and Public Performance. Males who responded negatively had lower AMCQ scores than the females. These findings indicate male and female adolescents may judge their motor competence on different factors, which should be considered when planning physical activity interventions.

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Joseph, Pauline. "Information assets in leisure historic motor sport: a case study in Australia." Leisure/Loisir 41, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 249–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2017.1356688.

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Ling, Fiona CM, Andrea Farrow, Damian Farrow, Jason Berry, and Remco CJ Polman. "Children’s perspectives on the effectiveness of the Playing for Life philosophy in an afterschool sports program." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 11, no. 6 (November 15, 2016): 780–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954116676104.

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The Playing for Life (P4L) philosophy was developed based on the concept of game play. It emphasizes learning through games within the sporting context to promote sports participation. The main aim of the study was to qualitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the P4L philosophy in contributing to enjoyment and in encouraging continued participation in sports. A total of 97 children (aged 5–12 years), who participated in the Active After-school Communities program that adopted the P4L philosophy by the Australian Sports Commission, took part in 56 paired or individual interviews. Transcripts were initially deductively coded based on pre-determined themes, and were inductively coded for additional themes that were indicative of the effectiveness of the afterschool sports program following the P4L philosophy. Main themes identified from the interviews were motor development and knowledge acquisition, psychological and cognitive benefits, social development, and active living awareness. The P4L philosophy appeared to be effective in engaging children in sports participation and in promoting potentially sustainable positive physical activity behavior.

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Olson, Rebecca, Penelope Laidlaw, and Kylie Steel. "‘No one wants to be taught from a textbook!’." European Physical Education Review 23, no. 4 (July 25, 2016): 499–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x16658222.

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Changes to the purpose and scope of health and physical education (HPE) in schools have prompted revisions in teacher education degrees within Australia. Using a qualitative approach, this study explored HPE teachers’ perceptions of these changes. Of particular interest was pre-service HPE teachers’ reflections on the importance of skill acquisition (also referred to as motor learning) content in their university degree, which focuses on the theories and practices involved in learning movement and perceptual skills. Findings were based on the thematic analysis of four semi-structured focus groups with 25 pre-service HPE teachers at one Australian metropolitan university. Analysis suggests that the importance of skill acquisition and the imperative to increase physical activity without a focus on competence are contradictory priorities within pre-service HPE curricula. The goal of promoting enjoyment of physical education sustained this tension, implying that there is a new discourse in HPE and suggesting the need for further research into the self-reflection and emotional dynamics of pre-service HPE teachers’ reflections on curricula.

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Veldman, Sanne L. C., Rachel A. Jones, Rute Santos, Eduarda Sousa-Sá, João R. Pereira, Zhiguang Zhang, and Anthony D. Okely. "Associations between gross motor skills and physical activity in Australian toddlers." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 21, no. 8 (August 2018): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.12.007.

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Xu, Fei, Jing Xu, Daliang Zhou, Hao Xie, and Xuan Liu. "A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Motor Learning in Preschoolers and Children over the Last 15 Years." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (July 28, 2022): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081415.

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Motor learning enables preschoolers and children to acquire fundamental skills that are critical to their development. The current study sought to conduct a bibliometric and visualization analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of motor-learning progress in preschoolers and children over the previous 15 years. The number of studies is constantly growing, with the United States and Australia, as well as other productive institutions and authors, at the leading edge. The dominant disciplines were Neurosciences and Neurology, Psychology, Rehabilitation, and Sport Sciences. The journals Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, Human Movement Science, Physical Therapy, Neuropsychology, Journal of Motor Behavior, and Journal of Experimental Child Psychology have been the most productive and influential in this regard. The most common co-citations for clinical symptoms were for cerebral palsy, developmental coordination disorder, and autism. Research has focused on language impairment (speech disorders, explicit learning, and instructor-control feedback), as well as effective intervention strategies. Advances in brain mechanisms and diagnostic indicators, as well as new intervention and rehabilitation technologies (virtual reality, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and transcranial direct current stimulation), have shifted research frontiers and progress. The cognitive process is critical in intervention, rehabilitation, and new technology implementation and should not be overlooked. Overall, our broad overview identifies three major areas: brain mechanism research, clinical practice (intervention and rehabilitation), and new technology application.

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Cameron, Matt, Roger Adams, and Christopher Maher. "Motor control and strength as predictors of hamstring injury in elite players of Australian football." Physical Therapy in Sport 4, no. 4 (November 2003): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1466-853x(03)00053-1.

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Čuk, Ivan. "EDITORIAL." Science of Gymnastics Journal 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.11.1.3-4.

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Dear friends, In this issue, we have ten articles with authors from Brazil, New Zealand, Australia, Sweden, Germany, the Republic of Korea, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Spain, Greece, Tunisia and Chile. The articles cover psychology, sport training, anthropometric characteristics, motor learning, kinesiology, and biomechanics. Among gymnastics disciplines, most are dealing with the man and the women artistic gymnastics, but we also have an article on the rhythmic, acrobatic and the general gymnastics. Our last issue had the Olympic Games as its theme. If there is interest among researchers, we would be open to preparing another special issue on a theme e.g. motor control in gymnastics, motor learning in gymnastics, etc. Anton Gajdoš prepared another article related to the history of gymnastics, refreshing our knowledge of 100 years since the Czechoslovakian Gymnastics Federation was established. Last year was special as we published a record number of articles, 34 in total. After evaluation, some articles were unfortunately rejected, mostly due to their non-gymnastics content and, in a few cases, extremely poor language. However, last year our journal saw an improvement in the h-index: in SCOPUS it is 7 and in WoS 4. As we haven’t been present in WoS for long, it will take some time to gain the same h-index in both. If we manage to publish more than 25 articles by October, we will fulfil the criteria in PUBMED to have 50 articles in a two year-span and will start the evaluation process to be included in the PUBMED. We need to emphasis diligent work of reviewers and give them credit to have quality articles. All reviewers in year 2018 are listed. Just to remind you, if you quote the Journal: its abbreviation on the Web of Knowledge is SCI GYMN J. I wish you pleasant reading and a lot of inspiration for new research projects and articles,

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Piggott, Ben, Sean Müller, Paola Chivers, Ashley Cripps, and Gerard Hoyne. "Small-sided games can discriminate perceptual-cognitive-motor capability and predict disposal efficiency in match performance of skilled Australian footballers." Journal of Sports Sciences 37, no. 10 (November 14, 2018): 1139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1545522.

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Connors, Karol A., Lisa M. Mahony, and Prue Morgan. "Adaptive equipment use by people with motor neuron disease in Australia: a prospective, observational consecutive cohort study." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 14, no. 1 (October 28, 2017): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2017.1396623.

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Hartono, Fajar Vidya. "PROFIL TINGKAT KEBUGARAN ANAK USIA 5-14 TAHUN KOTA ADMINISTRATIF JAKARTA TIMUR." JIV-Jurnal Ilmiah Visi 9, no. 2 (December 8, 2014): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jiv.0902.3.

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Children aged 5 â€“ 14 years Fitness level profile in Jakarta Timur, this research aims to determine the extent to which fitness level children age range 5 till 14 years old in Jakarta Timur. This research using a test and non test techniques with the survey method. A collection for the sample using a proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. As many as 121 children as sample. Tested using a MFT (Multistage Fitness Test) The multi-stage fitness test, also known as the bleep test, beep test, pacer test, Leger-test or 20-m shuttle run test, is a series of stages that have different tasks sometimes used by sports coaches and trainers to estimate an athleteâ€™s VO2 max(maximum oxygen uptake). The pacer test is â€œprogressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance testâ€. The test is especially useful for players of sports such as rugby, football, Australian rules football, Gaelic football, hurling, hockey, netball, handball,tennis, squash, and fitness testing in schools and colleges plus many other sports; employed by many international sporting teams as an accurate test of cardiovascular fitness, one of the more important components of Fitness. The existing data then processed and analyzed with a statistic deskriptif techniques. From measurements made it can be concluded that in general a children fitness level has a high point category, the district who has a high fitness level points in sub-district Makasar with ratio 31.98 points, and a lowest fitness level points located in sub-district Duren Sawit with 22.42 level points ratio. The survey result revealed is physical fitness related to a good activity perform and it will to conduce a better fitness level. Level of fitness predispose a learning achievement and all of activities who nature playing and requires a lot of energy because a children growth aged 5 â€“ 14 years is phase of motor development and when directed with a better programe it will be a good potension in future.

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Hides, J., W. Stanton, M. D. Mendis, and J. Gildea. "Effect of stabilisation training on trunk muscle size, motor control, low back pain and player availability among elite australian rules football players." British Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 4 (March 27, 2011): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.29.

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Tietjens, Maike, Lisa M. Barnett, Dennis Dreiskämper, Benjamin Holfelder, Till Onno Utesch, Natalie Lander, Trina Hinkley, and Nadja Schott. "Conceptualising and testing the relationship between actual and perceived motor performance: A cross-cultural comparison in children from Australia and Germany." Journal of Sports Sciences 38, no. 17 (June 23, 2020): 1984–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1766169.

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Barnett, Lisa M., Leah E. Robinson, E. Kipling Webster, and Nicola D. Ridgers. "Reliability of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence in 2 Diverse Samples of Young Children." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, no. 8 (August 2015): 1045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0141.

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Background:The purpose was to determine the reliability of an instrument designed to assess young children’s perceived movement skill competence in 2 diverse samples.Methods:A pictorial instrument assessed 12 perceived Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) based on the Test of Gross Motor Development 2nd edition. Intra-Class Correlations (ICC) and internal consistency analyses were conducted. Paired sample t tests assessed change in mean perceived skill scores. Bivariate correlations between the intertrial difference and the mean of the trials explored proportional bias.Results:Sample 1 (S1) were culturally diverse Australian children (n = 111; 52% boys) aged 5 to 8 years (mean = 6.4, SD = 1.0) with educated parents. Sample 2 (S2) were racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged American children (n = 110; 57% boys) aged 5 to 10 years (mean = 6.8, SD = 1.1). For all children, the internal consistency for 12 FMS was acceptable (S1 = 0.72, 0.75, S2 = 0.66, 0.67). ICCs were higher in S1 (0.73) than S2 (0.50). Mean changes between trials were small. There was little evidence of proportional bias.Conclusion:Lower values in S2 may be due to differences in study demographic and execution. While the instrument demonstrated reliability/internal consistency, further work is recommended in diverse samples.

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Morley, David, James Rudd, Johann Issartel, Jackie Goodway, Donna O’Connor, Jonathon Foulkes, Mark Babic, Jennifer Kavanagh, and Andrew Miller. "Rationale and study protocol for the Movement Oriented Games Based Assessment (MOGBA) cluster randomized controlled trial: A complex movement skill intervention for 8–12 year old children within ‘Made to Play’." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 24, 2021): e0253747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253747.

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There is a positive relationship between children’s movement competence and physical activity, with a further relationship established between physical activity and childhood obesity. The Movement Oriented Games Based Assessment (MOGBA) is a delivery and assessment intervention designed to improve children’s complex movement skills, based on principles of motor development and assessment theories. MOGBA aims to improve children’s movement competence, physical fitness and self-perceptions (physical and game) and increase children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). MOGBA is to be used in the ‘Made to Play’ initiative, involving 105 sports and activity programs across 21 countries, involving over 25 million children. A multi-site cluster randomized controlled trial will take place across three global sites (UK, Ireland and Australia). Each site will recruit eight primary schools (four experiment, four control) with each school providing two separate classes of children from age ranges 8–12 years (Site n = ~300, total n = 904). After baseline assessments, schools will be randomly allocated to an experimental or wait-list control group. Following two half-day workshops, trained facilitators will deliver the MOGBA intervention for 9 weeks. The main intervention components include delivery of 14 games-based activities with associated assessments of children’s movement and differentiation to meet children’s needs by manipulating space, effort and relationships. The primary outcome of the trial is to improve children’s’ movement competence (The Dragon Challenge), with secondary outcomes of improving children’s’ in-activity and leisure-time MVPA (5-day accelerometer), physical fitness (standing long jump and push ups) and self-perceptions (physical and game). Data will be analysed using multilevel modelling approaches. The MOGBA intervention has been designed to improve children’s movement competence and scalable interventions based on MOGBA could be applied across programs within the Made to Play initiative, globally. The trial is registered at the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12619001320145p, 27 Sep 2019).

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Hides, Julie A., Jazmin C. Walsh, Melinda M. Franettovich Smith, and M. Dilani Mendis. "Self-Managed Exercises, Fitness and Strength Training, and Multifidus Muscle Size in Elite Footballers." Journal of Athletic Training 52, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.3.13.

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Context: Low back pain (LBP) and lower limb injuries are common among Australian Football League (AFL) players. Smaller size of 1 key trunk muscle, the lumbar multifidus (MF), has been associated with LBP and injuries in footballers. The size of the MF muscle has been shown to be modifiable with supervised motor-control training programs. Among AFL players, supervised motor-control training has also been shown to reduce the incidence of lower limb injuries and was associated with increased player availability for games. However, the effectiveness of a self-managed MF exercise program is unknown.Objective: To investigate the effect of self-managed exercises and fitness and strength training on MF muscle size in AFL players with or without current LBP.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Professional AFL context.Patients or Other Participants: Complete data were available for 242 players from 6 elite AFL clubs.Intervention(s): Information related to the presence of LBP and history of injury was collected at the start of the preseason. At the end of the preseason, data were collected regarding performance of MF exercises as well as fitness and strength training. Ultrasound imaging of the MF muscle was conducted at the start and end of the preseason.Main Outcome Measure(s): Size of the MF muscles.Results: An interaction effect was found between performance of MF exercises and time (F = 13.89, P ≤ .001). Retention of MF muscle size was greatest in players who practiced the MF exercises during the preseason (F = 4.77, P = .03). Increased adherence to fitness and strength training was associated with retained MF muscle size over the preseason (F = 5.35, P = .02).Conclusions: Increased adherence to a self-administered MF exercise program and to fitness and strength training was effective in maintaining the size of the MF muscle in the preseason.

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Whitford, Deirdre, and Adrian Esterman. "A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Types of In-Shoe Orthoses in Children with Flexible Excess Pronation of the Feet." Foot & Ankle International 28, no. 6 (June 2007): 715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/fai.2007.0715.

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Background: Orthoses for children with flexible excess pronation are estimated to cost Australian parents millions of dollars per year; however, there is no high-level evidence that orthoses improve function or reduce pain. Methods: A randomized parallel, single-blinded, controlled trial of custom-made and ready-made orthoses was conducted in children between the ages of 7 and 11 years with bilateral flexible excess pronation. The diagnosis was based on calcaneal eversion and navicular drop. Outcomes included gross motor proficiency, self-perception, exercise efficiency, and pain. Measurements were taken at baseline, and at 3 and 12 months. Of the 178 children who participated at baseline, 160 continued to the end of the trial. Results: After randomization, baseline characteristics were similar between the three treatment groups (custom-made, ready-made, and control). Statistical modeling demonstrated that although for most outcome measures there were statistically significant trends over time, none of the group comparisons were statistically significant. A sub-group analysis of those presenting with pain found no significant differences at 3 or 12 months. Conclusions: This study found no evidence to justify the use of in-shoe orthoses in the management of flexible excess foot pronation in children.

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Eldridge, Beverly J., Mary P. Galea, Anne L. Kissane, Jonathan C. Broder, Samuel L. Brilleman, Rory Wolfe, and Gavin Williams. "High-Level Mobility Assessment Tool Normative Values for Children." Physical Therapy 100, no. 2 (November 19, 2019): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzz168.

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Abstract Background Physical therapists need to be able to evaluate high-level gross motor skills of children to determine their capacity to engage in activities such as running, jumping, hopping, and stair climbing. The High-Level Mobility Assessment Tool (HiMAT) has excellent interrater and retest reliability and is less susceptible to a ceiling effect than existing mobility scales in children who are 6 to 17 years old and have traumatic brain injury. Objective The purposes of this study were to develop normative HiMAT score ranges for Australian children and to investigate the relationship between children’s HiMAT scores and their age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Design This study used a cross-sectional design. Methods Children included in this study were 5 to 12 years old, had no condition affecting their mobility, could follow 2-stage instructions, and had written informed consent from their parent or guardian. A total 1091 children were assessed at their local school, where their height, weight, and HiMAT score were recorded. The relationships between children’s age, height, weight, and BMI were summarized using Spearman rank correlations. Truncated regression models were used to determine the most appropriate predictor variable for developing sex-specific normative ranges. Results There was a positive correlation between children’s HiMAT scores and their age, height, weight, and BMI. Age explained the most variability in HiMAT scores for both boys and girls. Limitations The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the HiMAT have not been tested across a broad range of children with mobility limitations. Normative data reported in this study are for Australian children only. Conclusions HiMAT scores for children in this study increased with age, height, weight, and BMI. Age was the most appropriate variable for developing a normative dataset of HiMAT scores for children of primary school age.

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Jones, Helen, Keith P. George, Andrew Scott, John P. Buckley, Paula M. Watson, David L. Oxborough, Dick H. Thijssen, et al. "Charter to establish clinical exercise physiology as a recognised allied health profession in the UK: a call to action." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, no. 3 (September 2021): e001158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001158.

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The UK population is growing, ageing and becoming increasingly inactive and unfit. Personalised and targeted exercise interventions are beneficial for ageing and the management of chronic and complex conditions. Increasing the uptake of effective exercise and physical activity (PA) interventions is vital to support a healthier society and decrease healthcare costs. Current strategies for exercise and PA at a population level mostly involve self-directed exercise pathways, delivered largely via the fitness industry. Even for those who opt-in and manage to achieve the current recommendations regarding minimum PA, this generic ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach often fails to demonstrate meaningful physiological and health benefits. Personalised exercise prescription and appropriate exercise testing, monitoring and progression of interventions for individuals with chronic disease should be provided by appropriately trained and recognised exercise healthcare professionals, educated in the cognate disciplines of exercise science (eg, physiology, biomechanics, motor control, psychology). This workforce has operated for >20 years in the Australian public and private healthcare systems. Accredited exercise physiologists (AEPs) are recognised allied health professionals, with demonstrable health and economic benefits. AEPs have knowledge of the risks and benefits of distinct forms of exercise, skills in the personalised prescription and optimal delivery of exercise, and competencies to support sustained PA behavioural change, based on the established scientific evidence. In this charter, we propose a road map for the training, accreditation and promotion of a clinical exercise physiology profession in the UK.

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Sulaiman, Ahmad, Claire Yinn Lim, Marcio Brussius Coelho, Peter Hayward, Sean Nicklin, and Mark Gianoutsos. "Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on emergency paediatric plastic surgery admissions." Australasian Journal of Plastic Surgery 5, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34239/ajops.v5n2.320.

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Objective: On 23rd March 2020, Australia went into a nationwide lockdown that led to school closures. As a result, children spent more time at home, increasing their vulnerability to injuries sustained at home. This study aims to analyse the patterns of emergency paediatric plastic surgery admissions into a tertiary paediatric hospital in Sydney during the COVID-19 lockdown period, and to raise awareness on the impacts of lockdown measures on the vulnerable pediatric population. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted at a tertiary paediatric hospital in Sydney. Admissions into the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery department during the lockdown period of 23rd March to 15th May 2020, and the same period in 2019 were included in the analysis. Ethics approval for the study was obtained from the Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network Human Research Ethics Committee [HREC Reference 2021/ETH00451] Results: There were 37 and 91 admissions in 2020 and 2019 respectively. The proportion of injuries sustained at home increased by 24% in 2020, consistent with increased time spent at home. The percentage of injuries due to animal bites and sharp objects increased while number of sports-related injuries and falls decreased during the lockdown. Motor vehicle accidents increased in 2020. More patients also opted for conservative management in 2020. Conclusion: This study has shown that during a pandemic lockdown, home injuries are more common, children are less likely to present to hospital and more likely to opt for conservative management. With a greater understanding of patterns of paediatric injuries during lockdowns, the relevant authorities can develop targeted advisories for dissemination to the public on how to create a safe home environment for children.

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Čuk, Ivan. "Editorial." Science of Gymnastics Journal 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.12.2.118.

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Dear friends, Our expectations to celebrate the highest achievements in gymnastics at the Olympic Games in Tokyo have been postponed for a year. I hope we will be able to enjoy the Games next year. Who would have thought that one small micro size organism can stop the whole world! Some countries cancelled all sport activities, some still do let them run. Our human race is being tested. Let’s hope our families, friends and everyone else will come through this crisis without any serious problems. On the other hand, we still attend to our day-to-day activities that make our days happier. Prof. Anton Gajdoš, our collaborator on history topics and friend, has just celebrated his 80th birthday. Advanced age from some people’s perspective, but Anton is still full of energy. In this issue we learn a bit more about his history diaries. We wish him many happy and healthy years to come! For this issue our authors researched many different topics. I’m very pleased that we probably have the first research paper on the definition of aesthetic movement. In art it is believed that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Pia Vinken and Thomas Heinen from Germany tried to define what aesthetic movement in gymnastics is supposed to be (content, no errors). Ludwig Friderich Jahn would be proud of them. For the first time we present articles from the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Indonesia. One article is about modelling the Jurchenko vault and another is about aerobic fitness in relation to diet. The remaining five articles were contributed by authors from Germany (judging trampolining, motor control), Portugal (morphologic characteristics), Mexico (psychology), United Kingdom and Australia (acrobatics). All together, there are eight very interesting articles in this issue. Anton Gajdoš provides a short historical note on Professor Vladimir Ivanovič Silin of Russia. Just to remind you, if you quote the Journal, its abbreviation on the Web of Knowledge is SCI GYMN J. I wish you pleasant reading and a lot of inspiration for new research projects and articles, Ivan Čuk Editor-in-Chief

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Emmerson, Kellie B., Katherine E. Harding, and Nicholas F. Taylor. "Home exercise programmes supported by video and automated reminders compared with standard paper-based home exercise programmes in patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial." Clinical Rehabilitation 31, no. 8 (December 5, 2016): 1068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215516680856.

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Objective: To determine whether patients with stroke receiving rehabilitation for upper limb deficits using smart technology (video and reminder functions) demonstrate greater adherence to prescribed home exercise programmes and better functional outcomes when compared with traditional paper-based exercise prescription. Design: Randomized controlled trial comparing upper limb home exercise programmes supported by video and automated reminders on smart technology, with standard paper-based home exercise programmes. Setting: A community rehabilitation programme within a large metropolitan health service. Subjects: Patients with stroke with upper limb deficits, referred for outpatient rehabilitation. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to the control (paper-based home exercise programme) or intervention group (home exercise programme filmed on an electronic tablet, with an automated reminder). Both groups completed their prescribed home exercise programme for four weeks. Main measures: The primary outcome was adherence using a self-reported log book. Secondary outcomes were change in upper limb function and patient satisfaction. Results: A total of 62 participants were allocated to the intervention ( n = 30) and control groups ( n = 32). There were no differences between the groups for measures of adherence (mean difference 2%, 95% CI −12 to 17) or change in the Wolf Motor Function Test log transformed time (mean difference 0.02 seconds, 95% CI −0.1 to 0.1). There were no between-group differences in how participants found instructions ( p = 0.452), whether they remembered to do their exercises ( p = 0.485), or whether they enjoyed doing their exercises ( p = 0.864). Conclusions: The use of smart technology was not superior to standard paper-based home exercise programmes for patients recovering from stroke. This trial design was registered prospectively with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register, ID: ACTRN 12613000786796. http://www.anzctr.org.au/trialSearch.aspx

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Contreras-Zapata, Katherine, Tomás Roa-Quintero, Cristina Vásquez-Muñoz, Franklin Castillo-Retamal, and Marcelo Castillo-Retamal. "Aproximación a la implementación de la alfabetización física en Chile: una revisión narrativa (Approach to physical literacy implementation in Chile: a narrative review)." Retos 47 (October 11, 2022): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94922.

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El desempeño físico es más que solo una representación motriz, tiene que ver con la conjunción de factores y aspectos de la personalidad del ejecutante, su interacción social, basada en un conocimiento de lo que hace. Con el objeto de explicar y analizar el concepto Alfabetización Física (AFi), desde sus orígenes y componentes, se llevó a cabo una revisión narrativa, acudiendo a distintas fuentes de datos (EBSCO, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, IPLA, The Aspen Institute). Para identificar la situación de Chile, se revisó el currículo nacional y otros planes que atendían el ciclo vital en relación con la actividad física. Se identificaron evidencias de discusión, implementación y evaluación de la AFi provenientes principalmente de contextos anglosajes (Reino Unido, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Australia, Nueva Zelandia, Sudáfrica), así como de Europa (Holanda), Asia (India, China) y Sudamérica (Colombia, Venezuela). No se encontró evidencia de abordaje de la AFi en el contexto chileno, aunque existen programas que buscan mejorar la calidad de vida mediante la práctica de actividad física. Los sentidos y alcances de la AFi invitan a tratar sobre las decisiones de movimiento, otorgándole significado y razón de ser a esa decisión, considerando la confianza, competencia física, conocimiento y comprensión de asumir la práctica de actividad física de por vida. En Chile, la AFi se centra en etapas infantiles y juveniles, no así en etapas adultas o en la vejez. Palabras clave. Alfabetización física, actividad física, competencia física, motivación, currículo. Abstract. Physical performance is more than just a motor representation; it has to do with the conjunction of factors and aspects of the performer's personality, and their social interaction, based on a knowledge of what they do. In order to explain and analyse the concept of Physical Literacy (PL), from its origins and components, a narrative review was carried out, using different data sources (EBSCO, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, IPLA, The Aspen Institute). To identify the situation in Chile, the national curriculum and other plans that addressed the life cycle in relation to physical activity were reviewed. Evidence of discussion, implementation and evaluation of physical literacy was identified, coming mainly from Anglo contexts (United Kingdom, Canada, United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa), as well as Europe (Netherlands), Asia (India, China) and South America. /Colombia, Venezuela). No evidence of an approach to PL was found in the Chilean context, although there are programs that seek to improve quality of life through the practice of physical activity. The meanings and scope of the PL invite us to discuss movement decisions, giving meaning and rationale to that decision, considering confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding of assuming the practice of physical activity for life. In Chile, the PL focuses on childhood and youth stages, not on adult stages or old age. Keywords: Physical literacy, physical activity, physical competence, motivation, curriculum.

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Verschuren, Olaf, Manon Bloemen, Cas Kruitwagen, and Tim Takken. "Reference Values for Aerobic Fitness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Who Have Cerebral Palsy and Are Ambulatory." Physical Therapy 90, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 1148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20090318.

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BackgroundVery few objective data exist regarding aerobic performance in young people with cerebral palsy (CP). The characterization of aerobic fitness could provide baseline and outcome measures for the rehabilitation of young people with CP.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to provide reference values for aerobic fitness in a group of children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP and who were classified at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I or II. Data were collected with 10-m shuttle run tests.DesignThis investigation was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between August 2008 and June 2009.MethodsReference values were established using data from a total of 306 children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were recruited from 26 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, and the United States. A total of 211 participants were classified at GMFCS level I (mean age=12.2 years, SD=3.0), and 95 were classified at GMFCS level II (mean age=12.4 years, SD=3.2); 181 were male, and 125 were female. Aerobic fitness was reflected by the level achieved on the 10-m shuttle run tests.ResultsOn the basis of a total of 306 assessments from the 10-m shuttle run tests, 4 reference curves were created.LimitationsThe limitation of this study is the cross-sectional nature of the design.ConclusionsThis study provided height-related reference values for aerobic fitness in children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were classified at GMFCS level I or II. Generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape were used to construct centile curves. These curves are clinically relevant and provide a user-friendly method for the prediction of aerobic fitness in young people with CP.

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Flanagan, Deirdre, Deborah Gaebler, Emma-Lorraine B. Bart-Plange, and Michael E. Msall. "Addressing disparities among children with cerebral palsy: Optimizing enablement, functioning, and participation." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 14, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-210015.

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PURPOSE: Recognizing health disparities among children with cerebral palsy (CP) is necessary for understanding potential risk factors for CP and for implementing early and effective preventative and intervention treatments. However, there is currently little and conflicting evidence regarding the direct impact of contextual factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) for children with CP in the United States. These contextual factors include the complex social determinants of health on prematurity, comprehensive informed obstetric management for minority and vulnerable populations, and cumulative adversity disproportionately experienced by children, by gender, minority status, immigration, poverty, and structural racism. METHODS: This study presents results from a review of health disparities among children with CP, using registry and population surveillance data from Australia, Canada, Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Turkey, and the United States. RESULTS: The review confirmed that there are significant health disparities among children with CP, both in terms of prevalence and severity, based on factors such as SES, neighborhood disadvantage, maternal education, gender, and minority status. CONCLUSION: Strategies need to be implemented in the United States to promote enablement and functioning among children with CP who face additional health disparities. This requires a greater understanding of population groups at increased risk, comprehensive assessment and care for young children with motor delays, and systematic population counts of children and adults with CP using registries and systems of neurodevelopmental surveillance across health, education, and community rehabilitation. These efforts also require sensitivity to structural and persistent racism, stigma, trauma-informed care, and culturally sensitive community engagement. Additional efforts are also required to improve outcomes over the life course for individuals living a life with CP from a framework of enablement, self-direction, equity and social justice.

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Ownby, Ted, Nicholas Oddy, Georgina Hickey, M. Elisabetta Tonizzi, George Sheeran, Jennifer B. Saunders, Gordon Pirie, et al. "Book Review: Black Life on the Mississippi: Slaves, Free Blacks, and the Western Steamboat World, Bicycle, Home on the Rails: Women, the Railroad, and the Rise of Public Domesticity, Genoa and the Sea: Policy and Power in an Early Modern Maritime Republic, 1559–1684, Seen on the Packhorse Tracks, Ten-Pound Poms: Australia's Invisible Migrants, Sky as Frontier: Adventure, Aviation and Empire, William Beardmore: Transport is the Thing, Surrey and the Motor: The Story of Road Development, Vehicle Manufacture and Motor Sport in the County, a Railroad Atlas of the United States in 1946, Robert Stephenson: Eminent Engineer, Straße, Bahn, Panorama. Verkehrswege und Landschaftsveränderung in Deutschland von 1930 bis 1990, Twisted Rails, Sunken Ships: The Rhetoric of Nineteenth Century Steamboat and Railroad Accident Investigation Reports, 1833–1879, Shipbuilding on the Thames and Thames-Built Ships, Vom nationalen zum globalen Wettbewerb. Die deutsche und die amerikanische Reifenindustrie im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (From National to Global Competition: The German and American Tyre Industries in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." Journal of Transport History 27, no. 1 (March 2006): 158–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.27.1.12.

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Roizblatt, Daniel, Gilgamesh Eamer, Derek Roberts, Chad Ball, Joanne Banfield, Brittany Greene, Precilla Veigas, et al. "Trauma Association of Canada Annual Scientific Meeting, Westin Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Apr. 10–11, 2015Outcomes and opportunities for improvement in self-inflicted blunt and penetrating traumaAbdominal compartment syndrome in the childActive negative pressure peritoneal therapy after abbreviated laparotomy: The intraperitoneal vacuum randomized controlled trialUse of a novel combined RFA/saline energy instrument for arresting ongoing hemorrhage from solid organ injuriesHealth care costs of burn patients from homes without fire sprinklersPenetrating trauma in eastern Ontario: a descriptive analysisThresholds of rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) used for the diagnosis and management of bleeding trauma patients: a systematic reviewA quality indicator to measure hospital complications for injury admissionsThromboelastography (TEG) in the management of trauma: implications for the developing worldPotential role of the rural trauma team development course (RTTDC) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)Applicability of the advanced disaster medical response (ADMR) course, Trinidad and TobagoInflammatory mediators in intra-abdominal sepsis or injury: a scoping reviewEvaluation of the online Concussion Awareness Training Toolkit (CATT) for parents, players and coachesUltrasound assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in healthy volunteersThe benefits of epidural analgesia in flail chest injuriesMandatory reporting rates of injured alcohol-impaired drivers with suspected alcohol dependence in a level 1 Canadian trauma centre: a single institution’s experienceSimulation implementation in a new pediatric residency program in Haiti: trauma specificsManagement of skull fractures in children younger than 1 year of ageResource use in patients who have sustained a traumatic brain injury within an integrated Canadian trauma system: a multicentre cohort studyResource use intensity in a mature, integrated Canadian trauma system: a multicentre cohort studyRates and determinants of unplanned emergency department visits and readmissions within 30 days following discharge from the trauma service — the Ottawa Hospital experienceAlcohol — screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT): Is it readily available in Canadian trauma centres?Management of traumatic occult hemothorax: a survey among trauma providers in CanadaAn audit of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: a quality assurance project at our level 1 trauma centreCatecholamines as outcome markers in traumatic brain injuryAre we missing the missed injury? The burden of traumatic missed injuries diagnosed after hospital dischargeThe use of fibrinogen concentrate in trauma: a descriptive systematic reviewVery early initiation of chemical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after solid organ injury is safe: a call for a national prospective multicentre studyThe 2 student to 1 faculty (2:1) model of teaching the Advanced Trauma Operative Management (ATOM) courseTrauma transfusion in the elderlyCocaine and benzodiazepines are more predictive of an injury severity score greater than 15 compared to alcohol or tetrahydrocannabinol in trauma patients under 18 years oldAre we missing traumatic bowel and mesenteric injuries?The marriage of surgical simulation and telementoring for damage control surgical training of operational first-respondersAdding remote ultrasound control to remote just-in-time telementored trauma ultrasound: a pilot studyDescriptive analysis of morbidity and mortality associated with falls at a level 1trauma centreDevelopment of an ICU transition questionnaire: evaluating the transfer process from ICU, ward, and patient/family stakeholder perspectivesUse of IO devices in trauma: A survey of trauma practitioners in Canada, Australia and New ZealandTime to reversal of medication-induced coagulopathy in traumatic intracranial hemorrhageMeta-analysis of randomized control trials of hospital based violence interventions on repeat intentional injuryBlunt injury of a horseshoe kidney, case report and review of the literatureLegal consequences for alcohol-impaired drivers involved in motor vehicle collisions: a systematic reviewA characterization of major adult sport-related trauma in Nova Scotia, 2000–2013Is hockey the most dangerous pediatric sport? An evaluation of pediatric sport-related injuries treated in Nova ScotiaInterim results of a pilot randomized control trial of an ED-based violence intervention programPre-intubation resuscitation by Canadian physicians: results of a national surveyFirst-responder accuracy using SALT during mass-casualty incident simulationEmergent endotracheal intubation: medications and device choices by Canadian resuscitation physicians“Oh the weather outside is frightful”: Severe injury secondary to falls while installing residential Christmas lightsCan we speak the same language? Understanding Quebec’s inclusive trauma systemAn unusual segmental clavicle fracture treated with titanium elastic nailImpact of the age of stored blood on trauma patient mortality: a systematic reviewInterhospital transfer of traumatic brain injury: utilization of helicopter transportCheerleading injuries: a Canadian perspectivePre-hospital mode of transport in a rural trauma system: air versus groundAnalysis of 15 000 patient transfers to level 1 trauma centre: Injury severity does not matter — just drive, drive, drive!The effects of legislation on morbidity and mortality associated with all-terrain vehicle and motorcycle crashes in Puerto RicoAssessing how pediatric trauma patients are supported nutritionally at McMaster Children’s HospitalOutcomes of conservative versus operative management of stable penetrating abdominal traumaS.T.A.R.T.T. — Evolution of a true multidisciplinary trauma crisis resource management simulation courseDevelopment of criteria to identify traumatic brain injury patients NOT requiring intensive care unit monitoringAssigning costs to visits for injuries due to youth violence — the first step in a cost-effectiveness analysisThere’s no TRIK to it — development of the Trauma Resuscitation in Kids courseResilient despite childhood trauma experiencesA five-year, single-centre review of toxic epidermal necrolysis managementAll in the family: creating and implementing an inclusive provincial trauma registryLessons learned from a provincial trauma transfer systemThe NB Trauma Program: 5 years laterProvincial coordination of injury prevention: the New Brunswick (NB) experienceImproving access and uptake of trauma nursing core course (TNCC): a provincial approachULTRASIM: ultrasound in trauma simultation. Does the use of ultrasound during simulated trauma scenarios improve diagnostic abilities?Traumatic tale of 2 cities, part 1: Does being treated by different EMS affect outcomes in trauma patients destined for transport to level 1 trauma centres in Halifax and Saint John?Traumatic tale of 2 cities, part 2: Does being treated by different hospitals affect outcome in trauma patients destined for transport to Level 1trauma centres in Halifax and Saint John?Protective devices use in road traffic injuries in a developing countryFunctional and anatomical connectivity and communication impairments in moderate to severe traumatic brain injuryCaring and communicating in critical cases: Westlock trauma form, a resource for rural physiciansMonitoring of ocular nerve sheath in traumatic raised intracranial pressure (Moonstrip Study): a prospective blinded observational trialEstablishing an alcohol screening and brief intervention for trauma patients in a multicultural setting in the Middle East: challenges and opportunitiesThe poor compliance to seat belt use in Montréal: an 18 461 road user iPhone-based studyAn iPad-based data acquisition for core trauma registry data in 6 Tanzanian hospitals: 1 year and 13 462 patients later“The Triple-Q Algorithm”: a practical approach to the identification of liver topographyA pan-Canadian bicycle helmet use observational studyDoor to decompression: the new benchmark in trauma craniotomiesAre missed doses of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis a risk factor for thromboembolic complications?Complications following admission for traumatic brain injuryExcessive crystalloid infusion in the first 24 hours is not associated with increased complications or mortalitySBIRT: plant, tend, growReal time electronic injury surveillance in an African trauma centreSBIRT in concert: establishing a new initiativeReview of the current knowledge of the pathophysiology of acute traumatic coagulopathy: implications for current trauma resuscitation practicesFactors associated with primary fascial closure rates in patients undergoing damage control laparotomyFree intraperitoneal fluid on CT abdomen in blunt trauma: Is hospital admission necessary?The need for speed — the time cost of off-site helipadsEndovascular management of penetrating Zone III retroperitoneal injuries in selective patients: a case reportMeasured resting energy expenditure in patients with open abdomens: preliminary data of a prospective pilot studyTraumatic inferior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm: case report and review of literaturePancreatico duodenectomy, SMA, SMV repair and delayed reconstruction following blunt abdominal trauma. A case report with discussion of trauma whipple and complex pancreatico duodenal injuriesA retrospective evaluation of the effect of the Trauma Team Training program in TanzaniaDoes procalcitonin measurement predict clinical outcomes in critically ill/injured adults managed with the open abdomen technique?In trauma, conventional ROTEM and TEG results are not interchangeable but are similar in clinical applicabilitySevere trauma in the province of New Brunswick: a descriptive epidemiological studyPartnering for success — a road safety strategy for London and regionEvaluation of a patient safety initiative of rapid removal of backboards in the emergency departmentActive negative pressure peritoneal therapy and C-reactive protein levels after abbreviated laparotomy for abdominal trauma or intra-abdominal sepsisA comparison of outcomes: Direct admissions vs. interhospital transfers April 2009–March 2014YEE HA or YEE OUCH! A 5-year review of large animal-related incidentsEarly goal-directed therapy for prevention of hypothermia-related transfusion, morbidity and mortality in severely injured trauma patientsImproving care of adolescent trauma patients admitted to adult trauma centres by fostering collaboration between adult and pediatric partnersExpediting operational damage control laparotomy closure: iTClam v. suturing during damage control surgical simulation trainingAre conventional coagulation tests inadequate in the assessment of acute traumatic coagulopathy?Predictors of long-term outcomes in patients admitted to emergency general surgery services: a systematic review of literatureUse of the iTClamp versus standard suturing techniques for securing chest tubes: A randomized cadaver studyiTClamp application for control of simulated massive upper extremity arterial hemorrhage by tactical policeAssessing performance in the trauma roomThe deadly need for methadone/opiate educationTrends in the management of major abdominal vascular injuries: 2000–2014Addressing high school seniors’ risky behaviours through a hospital-based and peer teaching outreach programScreening for risk of post-traumatic stress disorder after injury in acutely injured children: a systematic reviewThe impact of trauma centre designation levels on surgical delay, mortality and complications: a multicentre cohort studyHow many acutely injured children report subsequent stress symptoms?The frequency of coagulopathy and its significance in an emergency neurotrauma facilityPsychosocial care for injured children: The views of 2500 emergency department physicians and nurses from around the worldDevelopment of the Trauma Electronic Document (TED)Development of trauma team activation criteria for an urban trauma centreBrains and brawn: evaluation of a sports skills and concussion awareness campRegional trauma networks: a tale of 2 pilotsContinuous data quality improvement in a provincial trauma registryDoes the Rural Trauma Team Development Course shorten transfer time?Epidemiology of trauma in Puerto RicoCT scans facilitate early discharge of trauma patientsFeasibility of data collection in a conflict zone to assess the impact on emergency health care deliveryConsent for Emergency Research (CONfER): a national survey of Canadian research ethics board practicesMaking handover safer for our trauma patients through the lens of trauma team leadersChallenges and opportunities to improve trauma transitions of care from emergency to intensive care nursingPhysical disorder following major injury: a population-based studyToward an inclusive trauma system: regional trauma system development in OntarioTraumatic brain injury in British Columbia: current incidence, injury patterns and risk factorsAcute cytokine and chemokine profiles in brain-injured patients: relationship to sympathetic activation and outcomeMultidisciplinary trauma simulation training in a tertiary care centreNon-operative management of blunt splenic injuries: routine radiologic follow-up may reduce the time of activity restrictionModified triple layer peritoneal-aponeurotic transposition: a new strategy to close the open abdomenMesenchymal stem cells locate and differentiate to the trauma site in a blunt rat liver trauma model: preliminary resultsThree indications for the “open abdomen”, anatomical, logistical and physiological: How are they different?Development of an urban trauma centre using lean methodologyThe impact of standardized care in 191 patients with chest tube thoracostomyComplex abdominal wall reconstruction: recommendations from the Canadian Abdominal Wall Reconstruction GroupCompensatory behaviours and cognitions in persons with history of traumaDevelopment of the Kenyatta National Hospital — University of Alberta Orthopedic Trauma Assessment Tool: phase 1 resultsRisk-taking behaviour negatively affects outcome in burn patients." Canadian Journal of Surgery 58, no. 2 Suppl 1 (April 2015): S1—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cjs.003415.

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Symons, Georgia F., Meaghan Clough, Steven Mutimer, Brendan P. Major, William T. O’Brien, Daniel Costello, Stuart J. McDonald, et al. "Cognitive ocular motor deficits and white matter damage chronically after sports-related concussion." Brain Communications, September 14, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab213.

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Abstract A history of concussion has been linked to long-term cognitive deficits; however the neural underpinnings of these abnormalities are poorly understood. This study recruited 26 asymptomatic male Australian footballers with a remote history of concussion (i.e. at least six months since last concussion), and 23 non-collision sport athlete controls with no history of concussion. Participants completed three ocular motor tasks (prosaccade, antisaccade, and a cognitively complex switch task) to assess processing speed, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility respectively. Diffusion tensor imaging data was acquired using a 3 T MRI scanner, and analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics, to investigate white matter abnormalities and how they relate to ocular motor performance. Australian footballers had significantly slower adjusted antisaccade latencies compared to controls (p = 0.035). A significant switch cost (i.e. switch trial error > repeat trial error) was also found on the switch task, with Australian footballers performing increased magnitude of errors on prosaccade switch trials relative to prosaccade repeat trials (p = 0.023). Diffusion tensor imaging analysis found decreased fractional anisotropy, a marker of white matter damage, in major white matter tracts (i.e. corpus callosum, corticospinal tract) in Australian footballers relative to controls. Notably, a larger prosaccade switch cost was significantly related to reduced fractional anisotropy in anterior white matter regions found to connect to the prefrontal cortex (i.e. a key cortical ocular motor centre involved in executive functioning and task switching). Taken together, Australian footballers with a history of concussion have ocular motor deficits indicative of poorer cognitive processing speed and cognitive flexibility, which are related to reduced white matter integrity in regions projecting to important cognitive ocular motor structures. These findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms that may underly chronic cognitive impairments in individuals with a history of concussion.

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Roldan, Alba, Matías Henríquez, Aitor Iturricastillo, Daniel Castillo, Javier Yanci, and Raul Reina. "To What Degree Does Limb Spasticity Affect Motor Performance in Para-Footballers With Cerebral Palsy?" Frontiers in Physiology 12 (January 24, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.807853.

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Spasticity is considered a contributor to hypertonia, frequently presented in people with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting muscle function and motor activities. In CP football, the classification system determines that this impairment is eligible for competitive para-sports due to the impact on activity limitation and sports performance. However, the relationship between this feature (i.e., spastic hypertonia) and performance determinants has not been explored yet. This study aimed to assess the association of clinical spasticity measurements with the performance of sport-specific tests used for classification purposes. Sixty-nine international footballers with CP voluntarily participated in this study. The Australian Spasticity Assessment Scale was used to measure spasticity in lower limbs muscle groups and activity limitation tests were conducted considering dynamic balance, coordination, vertical and horizontal jumps, acceleration, and change of direction ability. Low-to-moderate negative significant associations were found between the hip spasticity and measures of dynamic balance and dominant unipedal horizontal jump capacity. Additionally, moderate associations were reported between the knee spasticity and the non-dominant unipedal horizontal jump capacity and the change of direction actions with the ball. The ankle spasticity score reported small to moderate associations with the change of direction assessment without the ball and bipedal and dominant unipedal horizontal jump capability. Finally, the total spasticity score only presented a significant association with horizontal jump performance. This is a novel study that provides evidence of the associations between an eligible neural impairment and relevant specific measures of activity limitation tests. These results suggest that the amount of spasticity according to each evaluated joint muscle group of the lower limbs presents a low-to-moderate significant relationship with determined measures of dynamic balance, coordination, horizontal jump, acceleration, and change of direction ability with and without the ball in international-level CP footballers. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the real contribution of neural and non-neural impairments related to hypertonia on fundamental sport-specific motor skills of para-footballers with CP.

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Kemp, Byron J., Anne-Maree Parrish, Marijka Batterham, and Dylan P. Cliff. "Changes in subdomains of non-organized physical activity between childhood and adolescence in Australia: a longitudinal study." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 19, no. 1 (June 25, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-022-01311-2.

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Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) participation among youth tends to be insufficient and is prone to decline with age. In Australia, this decline has been shown to particularly occur in the domain of non-organized PA (e.g. active play and informal sport) between childhood and adolescence. However, information about changes in more specific groupings of activities within non-organized PA (i.e. subdomains) is needed, as this could support more targeted intervention strategies. This study aimed to investigate changes in the duration of specific subdomains of non-organized PA between late childhood (10–11 years) and early adolescence (12–13 years) in Australia, as well as whether these changes are moderated by sex. Methods Data were sourced from Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n = 3614). Youth time-use diaries (24-h) were used to measure the duration of eight subdomains of non-organized PA at both waves (athletics/gymnastics, ball sports, cycling/motor/roller sports, fitness/gym/exercise, martial arts/dancing, water/ice/snow sports, active play and other outdoor/nature PA). Multilevel mixed modelling was used to explore longitudinal changes between waves and the potential moderation effect of sex. Results Active play declined the most of all subdomains (β = –20.5 min/day; 95% CI = –23.4, –17.6, p < 0.001). A smaller decline was observed in the subdomain of non-organized ball sports (β = –4.1 min/day; 95% CI = –5.9, –2.3, p < 0.001). Other subdomains remained stable or had only very small changes in participation. The decline in active play was moderated by sex, with a steeper decline among girls. No other notable moderation effects were observed. Conclusions Future studies may seek to explore and test the acceptability of PA promotion strategies to encourage active play participation, such as ‘reframing’ childhood play activities to be appropriate for adolescents. Such studies might particularly seek the perspectives of girls in the transition to adolescence.

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Platonov, Vladimir. "Theoretical and Methodological Background for Sports Selection and Orientation in Modern Elite Sports." Science in Olympic Sport, November 30, 2018, 24–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32652/olympic2018.3_3.

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The article dwells on theoretical and methodological foundations for the identifi cation and development of sports talents, i.e. searching for promising personalities capable of achieving high results in sports, incorporating them into an eff ective system of long-term training and appropriate orientation of their training based on individual potential, abilities, and inclinations. It shows that sports selection and orientation are permanent processes closely related to tasks and contents of each stage of long-term preparation. The article reveals organizational and content-related peculiarities of sports selection exemplifi ed by the achievements of modern science and successful practices inherent to sports of the former USSR and the GDR and modern sports of the USA, China, Germany, and Australia, i.e. the countries where this issue has been and is being given the highest priority. A set of criteria were analysed in detail, which are used in the selection and orientation process, including indicators that allow assessing the health of athletes, peculiarities of their body types, their age and sexual development, capabilities of various energy supply systems, their ability to master sports techniques and develop motor qualities, their mental peculiarities, and others. Much attention was paid to the genetic aspects of sports selection and orientation along with the importance of athletes' body types for achieving high sports results. The relationships were shown between the selection criteria, their tasks, and the contents of each stage of long-term preparation, which is of fundamental importance for an objective assessment of an athlete's potential and rational orientation of the subsequent preparation. The potential and inclinations of athletes in relation to the specifi cs of various sports can be identifi ed towards the end of the puberty period with a reasonable certainty. Depending on their predisposition to achievements in diff erent events, young athletes can be divided into 5 groups: sprinters, mixed type with a predisposition to sprint work, mixed type with mixed abilities, mixed type with a predisposition to long-distance or long-term work, and long-distance performers. Keywords: identifi cation of sports talents, sports selection, sports orientation, potential, inclinations, talent, giftedness, stages of long-term preparation of athletes.

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Abrahams, John M., Christopher Sagar, and Mark Rickman. "The burden of cycling-related trauma to the orthopaedic and trauma department of a level 1 trauma hospital in Adelaide, South Australia." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 16, no. 1 (February 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02242-7.

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Abstract Background With the fourth largest metropolitan population density, motor vehicle drivers in Adelaide, South Australia, record the most number of motor vehicle insurance claims in Australia. Previous studies have shown a rise in cycling-related emergency department presentations from 2005 to 2010. There is no specific data available specifically related to South Australia. Our institution is the largest level 1 trauma centre in South Australia and Northern Territory and has a local geographic pool of the central metropolitan region of Adelaide. The aims of this study were to establish the demographics of cycling-related presentations to our institution that involved the admission of a patient under the Orthopaedic and Trauma service. Secondary aims were to investigate whether there were any common variables among these presentations that could be modified to prevent or reduce the morbidity of cycling-related trauma. Methods A prospective study was performed at our institution from 1 March 2018 until 31 December 2019 of all inpatient admissions under the Orthopaedics and Trauma department, where the patient was injured as a cyclist. We collated patient-reported information about the accident and their cycling habits. Results One hundred and ten patients were included in the study. One hundred and thirty-one injuries were recorded, requiring 89 surgical procedures. Eighty were upper limb injuries (61%), 49 were lower limb (37%), and 2 injuries occurred in either the spine or ribs. The most common reason for the accident was excessive cyclist speed. Conclusions The majority of cyclists admitted to our unit with orthopaedic injuries were male patients who assessed themselves as experienced riders, and yet still were involved in accidents that resulted predominantly from episodes of poor judgement. Speed is a common and avoidable factor involved in the presentation of orthopaedic-related trauma to the public system. Involvement of other vehicles was relatively uncommon, as was poor weather; upper limb injuries predominate in this group.

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Plumb, Mandy S., Beth Hands, Fleur McIntyre, and Amanda Timler. "Self-Report Motor Competence in Adolescents Aged 12–18 Years in Regional and Rural Victoria (Australia)." Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, May 22, 2020, 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2020.1739606.

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Brown, Vicki, Alison Barr, Jan Scheurer, Anne Magnus, Belen Zapata-Diomedi, and Rebecca Bentley. "Better transport accessibility, better health: a health economic impact assessment study for Melbourne, Australia." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 16, no. 1 (October 22, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0853-y.

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Abstract Background Physical inactivity is a global public health problem, partly due to urbanization and increased use of passive modes of transport such as private motor vehicles. Improving accessibility to public transport could be an effective policy for Governments to promote equity and efficiency within transportation systems, increase population levels of physical activity and reduce the negative externalities of motor vehicle use. Quantitative estimates of the health impacts of improvements to public transport accessibility may be useful for resource allocation and priority-setting, however few studies have been published to inform this decision-making. This paper aims to estimate the physical activity, obesity, injury, health and healthcare cost-saving outcomes of scenario-based improvements to public transport accessibility in Melbourne, Australia. Methods Baseline and two hypothetical future scenario estimates of improved public transport accessibility for Melbourne, Australia, were derived using a spatial planning and decision tool designed to simulate accessibility performance (the Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport Systems (SNAMUTS)). Public transport related physical activity was quantified by strata of age group and sex from Melbourne travel survey data (VISTA survey) and used with the SNAMUTS Composite Index to estimate input data for health impact modelling for the Melbourne population aged 20–74 years. A proportional multi-state, multiple cohort lifetable Markov model quantified the potential health gains and healthcare cost-savings from estimated changes in physical activity, body weight and injuries related to walking to access/egress public transport under two scenarios: (S1) public transport accessibility under current policy directions, and (S2) multi-directional, high-frequency network improvements. Results Multi-directional, high-frequency improvements to the public transport network (S2) resulted in significantly greater health and economic gains than current policy directions (S1) in relation to physical activity (mean 6.4 more MET minutes/week), body weight (mean 0.05 kg differential), health-adjusted life years gained (absolute difference of 4878 HALYs gained) and healthcare cost-savings (absolute difference of AUD43M), as compared to business as usual under both scenarios (n = 2,832,241 adults, over the lifecourse). Conclusions Based on our conservative analyses, improving accessibility to public transport will improve population health by facilitating physical activity and lead to healthcare cost savings compared with business-as-usual. These wider health benefits should be better considered in transport planning and policy decisions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Australian motor sport'

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