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Journal articles on the topic 'Australian merino sheep Physiology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Joy, Aleena, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury, Iain J. Clarke, Kristy DiGiacomo, Pragna Prathap, Minghao Zhang, and Surinder S. Chauhan. "275 Access to Shade Mitigate Heat Stress and Improves Growth Performance in Lambs During Summer." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.263.

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Abstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of provision of shade on behavior, physiology, and growth of Merino lambs exposed to natural Australian summer conditions. Sixty Merino lambs were randomly allocated to either pasture with shade (n = 30;paddock with trees) or a pasture without shade (n = 30;paddock without any trees) for one month during southern-Australian summer (February-2021). Sheep were grazing on the pastures as per standard protocols followed on the farm with ad libitum access to water. Lambs were monitored twice daily between 0900-1000h and 1400

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2

Entwistle, K. W., L. J. Cummins, M. A. Hillard, J. E. Kinder, T. O'Shea, L. R. Piper, J. Thimonier, and J. F. Wilkins. "Bernard Michael Bindon — reproductive physiologist, animal scientist, research leader." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 2 (2006): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05222.

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This paper is a foreword to a series of papers commissioned on ‘the impact of science on the beef industry’, where the Beef CRC-related collaborative scientific work of Professor Bernard Michael Bindon will be reviewed. These papers will be presented in March 2006, as part of a ‘festschrift’ to recognise his wider contributions to the Australian livestock industries for over 40 years. Bindon’s career involved basic and applied research in many areas of reproductive physiology, genetics, immunology, nutrition, meat science and more recently genomics, in both sheep and cattle. Together with his

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3

Parsons, Y. M., D. W. Cooper, L. R. Piper, Y. M. Parsons, and D. W. Cooper. "Genetic variation in Australian Merino sheep." Animal Genetics 27, no. 4 (April 24, 2009): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1996.tb00482.x.

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4

Board, P. G. "Erythrocyte oxidized glutathione in Australian Merino sheep." Animal Blood Groups and Biochemical Genetics 6, no. 2 (April 24, 2009): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1975.tb01353.x.

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5

Lakota, E. А. "PRESERVATION OF GENETIC POTENTIAL OF STAVROPOL SHEEP BREED FOR POVOLZHYE DREY STEPPE ZONE." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy, no. 3(50) (September 8, 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2020-3-179-184.

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In conditions of Povolzhye steppe zone development of productive qualities of Stavropol breed sheep was conducted by meat merino sheep. Experimental research was carried out in ZAO «Novaya Zhizn» in Novouzensky district of Saratov region, located in semi desert zone, bordering upon South-West Khazakhstan. The research aim was the increase and maintenance of genetic potential of Stavropol breed sheep of Povolzhye population. Working procedure is based on guidelines of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural sciences, All Union research institute of sheep and goat breeding. The study materials wer

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6

Hatcher, S., K. D. Atkins, and E. Safari. "Lamb survival in Australian Merino Sheep: A genetic analysis12." Journal of Animal Science 88, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 3198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2461.

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7

Behrendt, Karl. "Price risk exposure of Australian Merinos – is it in the bloodline?" Animal Production Science 54, no. 9 (2014): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14305.

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Sheep producers and their advisors utilise Australian Merino bloodline trial data to guide future sheep breeding objectives and ram selection. To adequately assess the economic outcomes from different bloodlines in the decision making process, there is a need to consider the impact of wool and sheep meat price risk. Using a steady-state wether flock model that accounts for the lifetime productivity of 268 reported Merino bloodlines and stochastic dependency in weekly wool and sheep meat prices from 28 June 2005 to 10 November 2011, gross incomes per dry sheep equivalent (GI/DSE) were calculate

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8

Brown, D. J., and N. M. Fogarty. "Genetic relationships between internal parasite resistance and production traits in Merino sheep." Animal Production Science 57, no. 2 (2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15469.

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Breeding Merino sheep that are resistant to internal parasites alleviates the high costs associated with treatment of worm infestation and loss of production, as well as mitigating the development of anthelmintic resistance among the major worm species. Faecal worm egg count ((cube root transformation), wec) can be used in sheep as a measure of internal parasite resistance. Accurate estimates of genetic parameters for wec are required for calculation of Australian Sheep Breeding Values and inclusion of worm resistance in sheep breeding programs. This study provides updated estimates of heritab

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9

Parsons, Y. M., M. R. Fleet, and D. W. Cooper. "The Agouti gene: a positional candidate for recessive self-colour pigmentation in Australian Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 6 (1999): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98099.

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The occurrence of self-colour pigmentation in the Australian Merino wool flock is of considerable economic importance. The Agouti gene is believed to be responsible for the recessive expression of pigmented fleece. Using comparative mapping information we have investigated the putative homologous ovine map positon of the Agouti gene for linkage to the recessive self-colour phenotype of Australian Merino sheep. Significant results were observed with microsatellites previously mapped to ovine chromosome 13. Comparative data suggest that the ovine Agouti gene would map to the same chromosome, mak

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10

Fortune, J. A. "Reproductive physiology of Merino sheep: Concepts and consequences." Animal Reproduction Science 30, no. 4 (January 1993): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4320(93)90083-4.

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11

Huisman, A. E., and D. J. Brown. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 3. Genetic relationships between ultrasound scan traits and other traits." Animal Production Science 49, no. 4 (2009): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08172.

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The Australian Merino is the predominant genetic resource for both the lamb and sheep meat industries of Australia. There are very few studies that provide information on the relationships between wool and non-wool traits. This paper describes the genetic relationships between ultrasound scan traits and wool, disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. Fleece weight and fibre diameter coefficient of variation were negatively correlated with ultrasound scanned fat and eye muscle depth (–0.10). Staple length, fibre curvature, and scrotal circumference were not correlated with sca

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12

Tammen, Imke, Roger W. Cook, Frank W. Nicholas, and Herman W. Raadsma. "Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in Australian Merino sheep: a new animal model." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 5 (January 2001): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ejpn.2000.0432.

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13

Murray, J. D., C. Moran, M. P. Boland, C. D. Nancarrow, R. Sutton, R. M. Hoskinson, and R. J. Scaramuzzi. "Polyploid cells in blastocysts and early fetuses from Australian Merino sheep." Reproduction 78, no. 2 (November 1, 1986): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0780439.

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14

Mortimer, S. I., J. H. J. van der Werf, R. H. Jacob, D. W. Pethick, K. L. Pearce, R. D. Warner, G. H. Geesink, et al. "Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Australian sheep." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10126.

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Using performance from progeny born in 2007 and 2008 generated by the Information Nucleus program of the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, preliminary estimates of heritability were obtained for a range of novel carcass and meat attributes of lamb relevant to consumers, including carcass characteristics, meat quality and nutritional value of lamb. Phenotypic and genetic correlations of live animal traits with carcass composition and meat quality traits were also estimated. The data were from progeny located at eight sites, sired by 183 rams from Merino, maternal and te

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15

Ponnampalam, E. N., K. L. Butler, D. L. Hopkins, M. G. Kerr, F. R. Dunshea, and R. D. Warner. "Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 5. Lean meat and fat content in the carcasses of Australian sheep genotypes at 20-, 30- and 40-kg carcass weights." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08054.

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Lean meat and fat content of Australian sheep genotypes were compared at 20-, 30- and 40-kg carcass weights. Sheep comprised Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M) and Merino × Merino (M × M) genotypes. Lambs were raised as a mixed flock under grazing and slaughtered at 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age with each slaughter time involving ~150 mixed sex animals. At 24 h after slaughter, chilled carcasses were halved along the backbone and the right sides were used for d

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16

Britt, AG, CL Cotton, BH Kellett, IH Pitman, and JA Trask. "Structure of the Epidermis of Australian Merino Sheep Over a 12-Month Period." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 38, no. 1 (1985): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9850165.

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Light-microscopic examination of frozen sections of skin taken from the dorsal thoraco-Iumbar region of Australian Merino sheep in winter revealed that the thickness of the epidermis plus a sudanophilic layer was 24�9 !tm in the interfollicular region. The uncornified epidermis (10�9 !till) was separated from the sudanophilic layer (14�0 !tm) by a thin stratum corneum. It was concluded that the bulk of the sudanophilic layer was emulsified sebum in which was embedded a disorganized collection of desquamated cornified cells. Although large variances were observed in the thickness of the uncorni

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17

Salvatore, L., D. Allen, K. L. Butler, D. Tucman, A. Elkins, D. W. Pethick, and F. R. Dunshea. "Factors affecting the concentration of short branched-chain fatty acids in sheep fat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07037.

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The concentration of short branched-chain fatty acids, specifically 4-methyloctanoic acid (MOA) and 4-methylnonanoic acid (MNA), in subcutaneous fat were determined in five genotypes (Poll Dorset × Border Leicester Merino, Poll Dorset × Merino, Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino, Merino × Merino, Border Leicester × Merino) of Australian sheep. In total, 264 ewes and wethers, either 8 or 22 months of age, were selected for genotype, age and gender. These animals were sired by 16 rams that were selected for growth based on estimated breeding values (EBVs), except for one group (Poll Dorsetmuscling × M

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18

Z, Hernández-Russo. "Effect of Gastrointestinal Nematodes on Reproduction and Lamb Growth in Australian Merino Sheep." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000204.

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Environmental conditions in Uruguay favour the development of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) throughout the year, with clinical or subclinical manifestations that cause significant economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the GIN on fertility, fecundity, reproductive rate and lamb growth in Australian Merino sheep grazing on basalt fields. The study was carried out in a farm located in north of Uruguay. Sixty-eight Merino ewes facing a natural parasite challenge were divided into two groups. Control group was doused with active anthelmintic that have proven effica

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19

LUSHNIKOV, V. P. "MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF RAMS OBTAINED BY CROSSING VOLGOGRAD SHEEPS WITH RAMS OF DIFFERENT FOREIGN BREEDS." Sheep, goats, woolen business, no. 2 (2021): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2074-0840-2021-2-23-25.

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The article presents the indicators of slaughter, morphological and chemical composition of lamb meat obtained from industrial crossing of Volgograd breed queens with sheep breeds: Poll Dorset, Australian meat merino, North Caucasian meat-wool, Suff olk, Ile-de-France and Merinoland.

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20

Daetwyler, H. D., J. M. Hickey, J. M. Henshall, S. Dominik, B. Gredler, J. H. J. van der Werf, and B. J. Hayes. "Accuracy of estimated genomic breeding values for wool and meat traits in a multi-breed sheep population." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10096.

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Estimated breeding values for the selection of more profitable sheep for the sheep meat and wool industries are currently based on pedigree and phenotypic records. With the advent of a medium-density DNA marker array, which genotypes ~50 000 ovine single nucleotide polymorphisms, a third source of information has become available. The aim of this paper was to determine whether this genomic information can be used to predict estimated breeding values for wool and meat traits. The effects of all single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a multi-breed sheep reference population of 7180 individual

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21

Cottle, D. J., M. T. Harrison, and A. Ghahramani. "Sheep greenhouse gas emission intensities under different management practices, climate zones and enterprise types." Animal Production Science 56, no. 3 (2016): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15327.

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Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from broadacre sheep farms constitute ~16% of Australia’s total livestock emissions. To study the diversity of Australian sheep farming enterprises a combination of modelling packages was used to calculate GHG emissions from three sheep enterprises (Merino ewe production for wool and meat, Merino-cross ewes with an emphasis on lamb production, and Merino wethers for fine wool production) at 28 sites across eight climate zones in southern Australia. GHG emissions per ha, per dry sheep equivalents and emissions intensity (EI) per tonne of clean wool or liveweight s

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22

Haba, M. De La, A. Moreno, D. Llanes, and E. M. Tucker. "Glutathione concentrations in the red cells of Merino sheep." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 2 (April 1988): 401–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960008148x.

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Tasmanian Merino sheep show a bimodal distribution in the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in their red cells, 40% of sheep having GSH values of around 27 mg GSH/100 ml red cells and 60% with values of about 92 mg GSH/100 ml red cells (Tucker & Kilgour, 1972). The GSH deficiency was shown to be due to an impaired activity of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-GC-S), the enzyme catalysing the first step of GSH biosynthesis (Tucker, Kilgour & Young, 1976). Family data indicated that the deficiency in this strain of Merinos was under the control of a dominant gene, designated GSH

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23

Al-Atiyat, R., W. Flood, I. Franklin, B. Kinghorn, and A. Ruvinsky. "Microsatellite-based genetic variation and differentiation of selected Australian Merino sheep flocks." Small Ruminant Research 136 (March 2016): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.018.

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24

FLANAGAN, M., SJ JOHNSON, D. HOFFMANN, IG POLKINGHORNE, DJ REID, and MA SHEPHERD. "Clinical pathology of Australian bluetongue virus serotype 16 infection in Merino sheep." Australian Veterinary Journal 70, no. 3 (March 1993): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb03286.x.

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25

Fogarty, N. M., E. Safari, P. J. Taylor, and W. Murray. "Genetic parameters for meat quality and carcass traits and their correlation with wool traits in Australian Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 7 (2003): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03047.

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Estimates of genetic parameters for carcass traits in Merino sheep are presented, including muscle pH and colour, which are indicators of meat quality. The inclusion of these in the parameter set for genetic evaluation will provide the basis for more accurate estimated breeding values and the design of better breeding programs for improving meat traits in straightbred Merino sheep and crossbred lamb production. Data from 1045, nineteen-month-old Merino rams, the progeny of 125 sires from 3 strains that are representative of the industry, were used. Heritability and genetic correlations were es

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26

Mortimer, S. I., K. D. Atkins, S. J. Semple, and N. M. Fogarty. "Predicted responses in Merino sheep from selection combining visually assessed and measured traits." Animal Production Science 50, no. 10 (2010): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10085.

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Visually assessed traits for wool quality and ease of management are important to Merino sheep breeders and need to be considered in breeding programs. The present study reports on the predicted correlated responses in visual traits from selection using a range of standard MERINOSELECT™ indices available for use in Australian Merino breeding programs. The effect of including a visual trait in the index is also reported. The visual scored traits were classer grade, wool quality (handle, character and colour), conformation (neck and body wrinkle, front and back leg structure) and fleece rot. The

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27

Hutchison, Dayna, Bronwyn E. Clarke, Serina Hancock, Andrew N. Thompson, Elise Bowen, and Caroline Jacobson. "Lower Reproductive Rate and Lamb Survival Contribute to Lower Lamb Marking Rate in Maiden Ewes Compared to Multiparous Ewes." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040513.

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Suboptimal reproductive performance of maiden (primiparous) ewes remains a source of inefficiency for the Australian sheep industry. However, the extent and causes of the poorer reproductive performance of maiden ewes on Australian sheep farms are not well understood. Here, we show the reproductive performance of maiden ewes relative to their multiparous counterparts on the same farms across Australia using a cohort survey. The difference in marking rate for non-Merino maiden ewe lambs compared to multiparous ewes was 58% (74 vs. 132%; p < 0.001), and this was attributable to a 50% differen

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28

Britt, AG, CL Cotton, IH Pitman, and AN Sinclair. "Effects of the Sheep-Chewing Louse (Damalinia ovis) on the Epidermis of the Australian Merino." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 39, no. 2 (1986): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9860137.

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Frozen longitudinal skin sections taken from the dorsal thoraco-lumbar region of adult Merino sheep that were infested with the sheep-chewing louse were examined by light microscopy. The epidermis of infested sheep exhibited acanthosis due to hyperplasia of the stratum spinosum, and orthokeratosis. The thicknesses of the uncornified epidermis, the stratum corneum, and the sudanophilic region were significantly greater (P < O� 005) than equivalent regions in louse-free Merinos and the results suggest that a positive correlation exists between the thickness of each region and the level of lou

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29

Fozi, M. Asadi, J. H. J. Van der Werf, and A. A. Swan. "Modelling genetic covariance structure across ages of mean fibre diameter in sheep using multivariate and random regression analysis." Animal Production Science 52, no. 11 (2012): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12139.

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Mean fibre diameter measurements from yearling to 5-year-old Australian fine- and medium-wool Merino sheep were analysed using several multivariate models that varied in covariance structure. A pre-structured multivariate model was found to be the most parsimonious model in comparison with the other models fitted such as banded, autoregressive and random regression. In the preferred model, the ages of mean fibre diameter for fine-wool data were genetically partitioned into yearling, 2 years, 3 years and later ages and for medium-wool data into hogget, 2 years and later ages. The estimates of g

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30

Van Beem, D., D. Wellington, B. L. Paganoni, P. E. Vercoe, and J. T. B. Milton. "Feed efficiency for meat and wool production by Merino and F1 Dohne×Merino lambs fed pelleted diets of different nutritive value." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08063.

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There is anecdotal evidence from Western Australian breeders that Dohne sheep maintain a higher level of meat and wool production than Australian Merinos. Feed efficiency, carcass and wool attributes are moderately heritable so we hypothesised there would be differences in these traits between Merino and F1 Dohne × Merino lambs. Two groups of 15 Merino and 15 F1 Dohne × Merino wether lambs (29–40 kg) were fed a pelleted diet of either moderate or high energy and protein content for 48 days. Ad libitum pellet intake and liveweight gain were measured and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) for both

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31

Qiu, Xiaoyan, Xiong Xiao, Nan Li, Wenhui Ling, Mingyu Wang, and Yuemin Li. "Association of steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 628 and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) SNP939 genotypes with sheep reproductive performance." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 4 (2019): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18069.

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In a previous study we investigated the association between two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes, namely steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) SNP628 and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) SNP939, with two temperaments (calm and nervous) in Australian Merino sheep and concluded that the DRD2 SNP939 T/T genotype combined with the CYP17 SNP628 G/G genotype is associated with a calm temperament and could be used as a potential marker for calm sheep, whereas the DRD2 SNP939C allele combined with the CYP17 SNP628 A/A genotype is associated with a nervous temperament and could be u

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32

Ponnampalam, E. N., D. L. Hopkins, F. R. Dunshea, D. W. Pethick, K. L. Butler, and R. D. Warner. "Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 4. Carcass composition predicted by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07008.

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This study compares the carcass composition of different genotypes of Australian sheep slaughtered at four ages (110, 236, 412 and 662 days of age, or 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age). The genotypes used were Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Merino × Merino (M × M) and Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M). Approximately 150 mixed sex animals were slaughtered at each age and the right sides (half carcass) were scanned by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for chemical lean, fat and bone mineral

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33

Lakota, E. A. "Productivity of Stavropol sheep with Australian meat merino rocks in the Volga region." Agrarian science 322, no. 2 (February 2019): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-322-2-42-43.

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34

Sakul, Hakan, Martin Dally, and Eric Bradford. "Evaluation of Australian merino and U.S. sheep breeds for growth and carcass traits1." Journal of Animal Science 71, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1993.712363x.

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35

Ponzoni, R. W. "Linear approximation of non-linear selection indices: an example with Australian Merino sheep." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 102, no. 1-5 (January 12, 1985): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1985.tb00708.x.

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36

BOURKE, CA, MJ CARRIGAN, and CHR DENT. "Chronic locomotor dysfunction, associated with a thalamic-cerebellar neuropathy, in Australian Merino sheep." Australian Veterinary Journal 70, no. 6 (June 1993): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb03315.x.

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37

Walkom, S. F., A. N. Thompson, E. Bowen, and D. J. Brown. "Weaner survival is heritable in Australian Merinos and current breeding objectives are potentially leading to a decline in survival." Animal Production Science 59, no. 1 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17151.

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There is little evidence to show that mortality rates during the period after weaning are improving over time in Australian sheep. The average mortality rate of Merino lambs during the post-weaning period has been estimated to be 5.2%. The present study explored the potential for producers to breed for improved survival rates during the post-weaning period and the potential impact this would have on key production traits. A total of 122526 weaner survival (mortality) records were obtained from 18 Merino flocks, between 1989 and 2014, encompassing a wide variety of Australian Merino sheep types

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38

Horton, B. J., R. Corkrey, and A. K. Doughty. "Sheep death and loss of production associated with flystrike in mature Merino and crossbred ewes." Animal Production Science 58, no. 7 (2018): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16153.

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In eight well-managed Australian Merino and crossbred sheep flocks the adult ewes were monitored frequently for flystrike. Occurrences of flystrike and severity of strike scores were recorded, whereas bodyweights and condition scores were recorded regularly across two wool production and reproduction cycles. In these unmulesed flocks, 17% of Merino and 5% of crossbred ewes were struck, with 2% of those struck dead within 7 days of detection of the strike. For those adult ewes that survived the immediate period of the strike, the rate of loss over the following year was slightly greater than fo

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Huisman, A. E., D. J. Brown, A. J. Ball, and H. U. Graser. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 1. Description of traits, model comparison, variance components and their ratios." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 9 (2008): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08119.

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Both wool and sheep meat industries are interested in sheep that have a high reproduction performance and are resistant to internal parasites, in addition to the traditional traits. There is considerable interest in breeding sheep for wool, carcass, reproductive and internal parasite resistance traits simultaneously. The objective of this study was to estimate single trait genetic parameters for 40 traits recorded in Merino sheep, covering bodyweight, carcass, wool, reproduction and internal parasite resistance traits. This also involved determining the appropriate models. The results from thi

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40

Huisman, A. E., and D. J. Brown. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 2. Genetic relationships between bodyweight traits and other traits." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 9 (2008): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08120.

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The Australian Merino is the predominant genetic resource for both the prime lamb and sheep meat industries of Australia. There are very few studies that provide good information on the relationships between wool and non-wool traits. The objective of this paper was to describe genetic relationships within bodyweight traits and between bodyweight and other traits recorded in Merino sheep. The genetic correlation between bodyweight, fleece weight and fibre diameter was positive (0.1 to 0.2). While fibre diameter coefficient of variation, staple length, staple strength, mean fibre curvature, and

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Ponzoni, R. W. "A profit equation for the definition of the breeding objective of Australian merino sheep." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 103, no. 1-5 (January 12, 1986): 342–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1986.tb00096.x.

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Sawyer, Gregory, Danielle Webster, and Edward Narayan. "Measuring wool cortisol and progesterone levels in breeding maiden Australian merino sheep (Ovis aries)." PLOS ONE 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): e0214734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214734.

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Pethick, D. W., D. L. Hopkins, D. N. D'Souza, J. M. Thompson, and P. J. Walker. "Effects of animal age on the eating quality of sheep meat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03256.

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The aim of this work was to test the effects of animal age on consumer perceptions of sheep meat quality. Experiment 1 tested eating quality scores (tenderness, liking of flavour, juiciness and overall liking) derived from untrained consumers of grilled M. longissimus lumborum (LL) or M. biceps femoris (BF) derived from Merino ewes ranging from 8.5 to 68.5 months of age. The ewes were derived from one farm and all received a pelleted diet (60% hay, 30% lupin grain and 10% barley grain) that sustained growth between 118 and 173 g/day for at least 22 days pre-slaughter. In experiment 2 consumer

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Ranilla, M. J., C. Valdés, F. J. Giráldez, M. D. Carro, and S. López. "Comparative digestibility and digesta flow kinetics in two breeds of sheep." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200593661.

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Recent studies carried out in cattle, sheep and goats have shown differences between both species and breeds of ruminants in digestive capacity, digesta flows and fermentation rates. Most of these differences are related to their feeding behaviour and digestive physiology and could affect digestive utilization of feeds. The aim of this work was to study the digestibility and digesta kinetics in the whole digestive tract in two breeds of sheep (Churra v. Merino).Ten non-productive mature sheep (five Churra (mean LW= 44.3kgÂ±3.20) and five Merino (mean LW= 46.7kgÂ±2.22)) fitted with rumen cannul

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Ranilla, M. J., C. Valdés, F. J. Giráldez, M. D. Carro, and S. López. "Comparative digestibility and digesta flow kinetics in two breeds of sheep." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600031378.

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Recent studies carried out in cattle, sheep and goats have shown differences between both species and breeds of ruminants in digestive capacity, digesta flows and fermentation rates. Most of these differences are related to their feeding behaviour and digestive physiology and could affect digestive utilization of feeds. The aim of this work was to study the digestibility and digesta kinetics in the whole digestive tract in two breeds of sheep (Churra v. Merino).Ten non-productive mature sheep (five Churra (mean LW= 44.3kgÂ±3.20) and five Merino (mean LW= 46.7kgÂ±2.22)) fitted with rumen cannul

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Aboneev, Vasily, Dmitry Aboneev, Ekaterina Aboneeva, Safarbi Kazanchev, and Dastanbek Baimukanov. "Results of using different breed studs in commercial fine wool sheep breeding." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126202016.

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This work presents the material of research and production experiments on the crossing of stud rams of the North Caucasian meat and wool breed and Australian meat merino with fine wool ewes of a commercial herd. It is identified that the use of North Caucasian rams on fine wool ewes serves to increase the fertilizing ability and milk production of the breeding stock, to increase viability and resistance of young animals, as confirmed by the best morphometrical differences of crossbred offspring placentas. Crossbred offspring from semi-fine wool rams had a large live weight at birth at 21 days

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Ponnampalam, E. N., D. L. Hopkins, K. L. Butler, F. R. Dunshea, and R. D. Warner. "Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 2. Carcass quality traits." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07001.

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The present study examines carcass quality traits in different genotypes of Australian sheep slaughtered at 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age. Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Merino × Merino (M × M) and Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M) genotypes were compared. Sires were selected on the basis of growth (PDg, M and BL) and muscle (PDm) using estimated breeding values (EBVs). Approximately 150 mixed sex animals were slaughtered at each age (595 in total for the four slaughters) and carcass qualit

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Bray, M., D. K. Revell, C. S. Bawden, and P. I. Hynd. "Keratin gene expression in Merino sheep with divergent wool growth." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03253.

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South Australian Merino sheep were selected on the basis of high or low estimated breeding values (EBV) for wool growth rate (W), but with similar bodyweight, follicle density, and mean fibre diameter. Differences in the level of expression of keratin genes were examined in the skin of these sheep to test the hypothesis that divergence in EBV for wool growth is related to the production of wool proteins differing in sulfur (S) content. Further, it was proposed that this differential gene expression would be most pronounced when the supply of S amino acids to the animal was increased. Sheep sel

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Benavides, M. V., S. Damak, and A. P. Maher. "A putative resistant DNA marker for wool yellowing susceptibility in sheep." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 2 (June 2000): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000200017.

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An Australian Merino flock was screened for low (resistant) and high (susceptible) yellow predictive colour (YPC) breeding values in order to compare extreme individuals using the differential display of mRNA technique. One differentially expressed cDNA band was visualised only in the resistant group. This band showed no identity with the DNA sequences of public databases; however, they showed short homologies with three database sequences related to transmembrane signalling functions. The use of these candidate genes as DNA markers needs to be confirmed against sheep with a wide range of susc

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Vallejo Adriana, Fernández Abella Daniel, Ramos Zully, and Montossi Fabio. "Relationship between skin structure and wool traits for Ultrafine and Dohne Merino sheep of Uruguay." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.1.0553.

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The demand in the world market for high quality fine and superfine wool is increasing, responding to greater wool textile industry demands and price incentives. There are few research studies focused on hair follicle population in fine and superfine Merino sheep in Uruguay. This study evaluates the association between wool follicle population and the most relevant economical wool traits. This work was carried out on Ultrafine Australian Merino (UAM) and Dohne Merino (DM) animals (lambs and rams). Phenotypic correlations between the secondary/primary follicles (S/P) and other wool traits (fiber

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