Journal articles on the topic 'Australian History and criticism'
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O’Regan, Tom, and Huw Walmsley-Evans. "The Emergence of Australian Film Criticism." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 38, no. 2 (June 2, 2017): 296–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2017.1300409.
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Martin-Sardesai, Ann, James Guthrie, Stuart Tooley, and Sally Chaplin. "History of research performance measurement systems in the Australian higher education sector." Accounting History 24, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373218768559.
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Performance measurement systems (PMSs) are a global phenomenon emanating from new public management (NPM) reforms. While they are now prolific and entrenched, they have attracted criticism based on their design and the manner in which they are applied. The purpose of this article is to explore the history of accounting for research in the Australian higher education sector (HES). It focuses on how successive Australian governments have steered research within the sector through the introduction of PMSs, in line with NPM reforms. Relying on publicly available online policy documents and scholarly literature, the study traces the development of performance measures within the Australian HES from the mid-1980s to 2015. It contributes to literature in management accounting aspects of NPM through the means of management accounting techniques such as PMSs. It also contributes to accounting history literature through an examination of three decades of accounting for research in the Australian HES.
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Lydon, Jane. "An Australian Politics of Indistinction: Making Refugees Visible." New Formations 106, no. 106 (August 24, 2022): 100–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/newf:106.06.2022.
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In this article I examine how the competing positions and claims of Australian citizens, First Nations people and refugees are negotiated visually in the global public sphere. Australian perspectives on struggles over citizenship and semi-porous borders must be understood within a history of nation-building, regional relations and the ideology of Whiteness. How does visual culture constitute categories of inclusion and exclusion? Visual strategies that define and contest the place of Indigenous Australians, as well as refugees seeking to come to Australia have been criticised for depicting their subjects as abject victims who lack agency or history, or simply rendering them invisible. Some have been critical of the visual discourse of spectacular violence that has been created and promoted by the Australian government in its pursuit of policies of 'deterrence'. Seeking to challenge this regime of erasure and de-humanisation, activists have adopted a range of innovative visual tactics, including self-representation by refugees themselves. Tactics of humanisation, such as depicting the love of a mother for her child, draw figures such as asylum seekers into the civil sphere. The extraordinary story of Iranian-Kurdish refugee and journalist Behrouz Boochani traces the emergence of a new humanitarian icon, rising from the invisibility shield of Australia's official border protection regime. I examine the extent to which these strategies shape debates around migration and refugees, and mediate between the historically powerful principles of Australian exclusion and the legitimate claims of refugees.
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Gelder, Ken. "When the imaginary Australian is not uncanny: Nation, psyche and belonging in recent Australian cultural criticism and history." Journal of Australian Studies 29, no. 86 (January 2005): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050509388042.
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Kelly, Veronica. "Beauty and the Market: Actress Postcards and their Senders in Early Twentieth-Century Australia." New Theatre Quarterly 20, no. 2 (April 21, 2004): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x04000016.
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A hundred years ago the international craze for picture postcards distributed millions of images of popular stage actresses around the world. The cards were bought, sent, and collected by many whose contact with live theatre was sometimes minimal. Veronica Kelly's study of some of these cards sent in Australia indicates the increasing reach of theatrical images and celebrity brought about by the distribution mechanisms of industrial mass modernity. The specific social purposes and contexts of the senders are revealed by cross-reading the images themselves with the private messages on the backs, suggesting that, once outside the industrial framing of theatre or the dramatic one of specific roles, the actress operated as a multiply signifying icon within mass culture – with the desires and consumer power of women major factors in the consumption of the glamour actress card. A study of the typical visual rhetoric of these postcards indicates the authorized modes of femininity being constructed by the major postcard publishers whose products were distributed to theatre fans and non-theatregoers alike through the post. Veronica Kelly is working on a project dealing with commercial managements and stars in early twentieth-century Australian theatre. She teaches in the School of English, Media Studies, and Art History at the University of Queensland, is co-editor of Australasian Drama Studies, and author of databases and articles dealing with colonial and contemporary Australian theatre history and dramatic criticism. Her books include The Theatre of Louis Nowra (1998) and the collection Our Australian Theatre in the 1990s (1998).
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Heath, Mary. "Continuing the Cold War tradition and suppressing contemporary dissent." Alternative Law Journal 42, no. 4 (November 27, 2017): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x17732702.
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The Defence Special Undertakings Act 1952 (Cth) is a draconian piece of Cold War legislation originally passed to provide security for British atomic testing in Australia. There are only two known prosecutions under the Act, both involving Christian pacifists entering the Pine Gap prohibited area. In 2007, the first ever convictions under the Act were overturned on appeal. A second prosecution has now commenced. This article considers the history and context of the current prosecutions and contends that the Act is being used to suppress contemporary dissent in a period in which the Australian government already faces criticism of its treatment of the right to protest.
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Gould, Richard A. "The Empiricist Strikes Back: Reply to Binford." American Antiquity 50, no. 3 (July 1985): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280326.
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A reply to Lewis Binford's criticism concerning my views on archaeological inference and the relationships of such inferences to various kinds of ethnoarchaeology, with special reference to the Australian data included in Binford's critique.
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Eburn, Michael, and Stephen Dovers. "Australian wildfire litigation." International Journal of Wildland Fire 21, no. 5 (2012): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11094.
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Legal liability is an issue that concerns volunteer firefighters and may affect the ability of fire managers to perform their tasks. There are calls to guarantee firefighters will not be personally liable for actions undertaken in good faith. This paper reviews post-wildfire litigation in Australia and claims for compensation made against the New South Wales Rural Fire Service. Although the data are incomplete and likely to underestimate the actual claims history, analysis of the available data does show that the number of claims for compensation is small given the very large number of fires and hazard reduction burns across Australia. There is no evidence of extensive post-fire litigation or of fire agencies or firefighters being held liable for actions taken in the course of firefighting The evidence does not support assertions that there is an ‘increasing flood’ of legal claims arising from firefighting. Post-fire litigation is compared with other proceeding such as Royal Commissions and coronial inquiries. It is argued that it is not liability, but the lengthy post-event inquiry process and the risk of personal criticism that should be the concern of fire managers and firefighters.
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Somerville, Craig, Kirra Somerville, and Frances Wyld. "Martu Storytellers: Aboriginal Narratives Within the Academy." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 39, S1 (2010): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/s1326011100001186.
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AbstractThe Martu people originate from the Pilbara region in Western Australia. Despite policies of removal, incarceration in prison and the need to leave community fo health services, Martu maintain identity and connection to country. Their narratives have used to inform a wider Australian audience about the history and culture of Aboriginal people. But the stories have also received criticism and been the subject of a Westernised anthropological view. With the emergence of storytelling as method in the academy, a new space is being created for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people to find a more robust foothold within the Social Sciences to story our world. This paper is written by three Martu people who position storytelling as transmission and preservation of cultural knowledge and to privilege a voice to speak back to Western academics. Storytelling also brings an opportunity to engage with an Aboriginal worldview, to use narrative as an inquiry into ontology and one's connection to people and place. This brings benefits to all Australians seeking stories of country, connection and identity.
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Lever, Susan. "Patrick Buckridge — A Tribute." Queensland Review 21, no. 1 (May 8, 2014): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2014.3.
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Patrick Buckridge is that rare person — even in the academic world: a true scholar with a deep, sometimes eccentric, passion for ideas. He belongs contentedly to Brisbane while engaging intellectually with the vast world of scholarship in history, language and literature. He has retained his interest in his first love, Renaissance literature, but understands that literature is also here and now, in the society around him. So his studies have extended to Australian writers, Queensland literary history, the history of the book, the history of literary criticism and the nature of readership for literary work. As his May 2013 public lecture demonstrated, he believes in the continued importance of attentive reading as a source of intellectual understanding.
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Zvegintseva, Irina Anatolyevna. "The Silent Era in Australian Cinema." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik6188-97.
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The article focuses on the first period in the history of Australian cinema. It is well-known that the present is always rooted in the past. This is true of any national cinema, and the Australian one is no exception. This subject is relevant in the light of the fact that, in the first place, the reasons for the contemporary boom in Australian cinema are impossible to understand and analyze unless they are derived from the awareness of the first steps of Australian cinema. It was in the very first years of the existence of Australian cinema that there emerged a special worldview, inherent in the cinematographic messages of this nation, that would later become iconic of Australian cinema: addressing the reality of Australia, love for its wild and beautiful nature and for the people who civilize this severe land. In their works the filmmakers of the Green Continent have almost always unflaggingly introduced two protagonists, an animate one, a manly, daring human being, and an inanimate one, the nature, magnificent, powerful, unexplored... At the same time, there was formed an image of a Hero: a fair, proud man, for whom honor and dignity are closely linked to striving for freedom. A conflict between the Individual and a soulless system is manifested in the early bushranger films and in the contemporary ones alike, now that the films by the Australian filmmakers come out again and again featuring the Individuals attempts at breaking his bondage. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that while the contemporary period of Australian cinema is well-covered in the global film criticism, the past of this national cinema is almost unknown. Considering the interest in the phenomenon of the contemporary cinema of the Green Continent, the author concludes that the global success of the Australian films today is largely linked to the accomplishments of the cinema pioneers, who against tough competition from American and English films, have laid a foundation for the future victories of this special national cinema.
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Tombesi, Paolo. "Back to the future: the pragmatic classicism of Australia's Parliament House." Architectural Research Quarterly 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135503002100.
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Until the launch of Federation Square in Melbourne, in 1997, Australia's contribution to the history of international architectural competitions consisted essentially of two buildings: the Sydney Opera House, won by Jørn Utzon in 1957, and the Federal Parliament House in Canberra, won by Mitchell/Giurgola and Thorp (MGT) in 1980. While Utzon's building is widely acknowledged as a daring piece of innovative design and one of the architectural icons of this century, MGT's winning scheme for Parliament House drew heavy criticism from the moment the proposal was unveiled: neo-Classicist lines, a Beaux-Arts parti, and the building's occupation of Capital Hill – at the top of the Griffins' 1912 scheme for Canberra – were seen by many as displaying a lack of sensibility towards Australian landscape, culture, and ingenuity, and as the result of a conservative approach to contemporary urban design.
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McKay, Belinda. "Living in the End Time: Ecstasy and Apocalypse in the Work of H.D. and Janette Turner Hospital." Queensland Review 17, no. 2 (July 2010): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600005432.
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Despite the current preoccupation with globalisation, literary criticism remains heavily focused on national cultures. In the context of Australian literature, comparisons are regularly made with the literatures of other British Commonwealth nations, but surprisingly infrequently with that of Britain's first and most successful colony, the United States. This article explores thematic and cultural connections between the work of American-born modernist poet and novelist H.D. (1886–1961) and the Australian-born postmodern novelist Janette Turner Hospital (born 1942). It suggests that the transnational phenomenon of ecstatic Protestantism, which originated in northern Europe and was disseminated widely around the globe along the channels of commerce and colonisation, has been a key influence in shaping the literary imaginations of these writers. Indeed, Protestantism – far from being a spent or reactive force – continues to generate new forms of modernity as its emphasis on transformation is exported from somewhat inward-looking religious communities into broader cultural domains.
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Huisman, Rosemary. "The discipline of English Literature from the perspective of SFL register." Language, Context and Text 1, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/langct.00005.hui.
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AbstractThe paper first traces the history and elaboration of the tertiary discipline English Literature through the 19th and 20th centuries to the present day, with special focus on the axiology, the values, given to the discipline and with a brief account of literary criticism and literary theory. It then refers to the work on registerial cartography in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and explores the register of the contemporary discipline in first-order field of activity and second-order field of experience, with examples from the language of webpages and exam papers of Australian universities. It continues with a brief overview of the author’s own work using SFL in the study ofthe poeticandthe narrativein English poetry and prose fiction of different historical periods and concludes with a caveat on the central disciplinary process, that of interpretation.
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Milner, Andrew. "The 'English ' Ideology: Literary Criticism in England and Australia." Thesis Eleven 12, no. 1 (May 1985): 110–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/072551368501200108.
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Hamilton, Judy. "Influencing the Modern in Brisbane: Gertrude Langer and the Role of Newspaper Art Criticism." Queensland Review 20, no. 2 (October 30, 2013): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2013.21.
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Dr Gertrude Langer arrived quite by chance in Brisbane in 1939 as a refugee from Hitler's Europe. She was a young, elegant Austrian refugee with a PhD in art history from the University of Vienna. After arriving in Australia, Gertrude and her husband, Dr Karl Langer, had hoped to settle in Sydney, but Karl's work as an architect moved them on to Brisbane. Gertrude Langer would become an important figure in Brisbane's post-war art scene through her salon-style lectures, art criticism and work with the Australia Council. She strongly believed that the arts were an important part of a community, and for this reason became a champion for the cause of contemporary art in Brisbane.
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Tulloch, John, Tom Burvill, and Andrew Hood. "Reinhabiting ‘The Cherry Orchard’: Class and History in Performing Chekhov." New Theatre Quarterly 13, no. 52 (November 1997): 318–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00011441.
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Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard is clearly ‘about’ the end of one social order – about time changing and time static. Yet different interpretive communities – academics in journal articles and students in their classrooms, newspaper reviewers, theatre writers like Trevor Griffiths and David Mamet, and theatre directors like Adrian Noble and Richard Eyre – ‘read’ Chekhov's representation of history and class change in different ways. The authors of this study have been exploring these different reading formations in a three-year project funded by the Australian Research Council, ‘Chekhov: in Criticism, Performance, and Reading’. Here – grounding their work in industry ‘readings’ via production study and interviews – they focus on production and performance of The Cherry Orchard, contrasting the Richard Eyre/Trevor Griffiths production of 1977 (reproduced in 1981 for BBC TV) with Adrian Noble's production at the Swan Theatre, Stratford, in 1995. In particular, they discuss the writing, directing, acting, and staging of Chekhov's ‘modernity’ in these productions, suggesting that whereas Noble referenced and yet simultaneously occluded class in his rehearsal style and staging, Griffiths and Eyre worked for a production which not only embodied the intra-class mobility of the Thatcher era in 1981, but also the ‘then’ of Chekhov's own particular engagement with modernity and environment. John Tulloch, Professor of Cultural Studies at Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, is author of Chekhov: a Structuralist Study. Tom Burvill is Associate Professor of Drama and Cultural Studies at Macquarie University, Sydney, where Andrew Hood is a PhD student working on reception cultures.
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Griffiths, Tom. "How many trees make a forest? Cultural debates about vegetation change in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 4 (2002): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01046.
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Environmental history, as it has emerged in recent years, is most distinctive in the way it illustrates a serious engagement between the disciplines of ecology and history. This article begins with an exploration of the lineage and promise of environmental history, particularly in the Australian setting. It then analyses a number of the cultural debates about vegetation change in Australia—about clearing, open landscapes, scrub encroachment and burning practices—and draws attention to the way that morals, politics and aesthetics shaped environmental perception and still do. Clearing was the dominant discourse in the history of landscape change and a legislative requirement for secure settlement. At the same time, criticism of clearing and its effects represented an early conservationist sensibility, but the heroic pioneering labour of clearing, the political imperatives associated with it and the escalating ecological legacy it generated, have sometimes made us forget how open was much of the Australian landscape when Europeans first arrived. The morality of clearing—the arguments for and against—focused the minds of settlers on the trees and the loss of them, while the aesthetics of pastoralism attracted their eyes to the grasslands and made them rejoice in the curious legacy of 'open' landscapes. In the early nineteenth century, the most common usage of the word 'forest' was to describe land fit to graze: 'according to the local distinction, the grass is the discriminating character [of forest land] and not the Trees'. At the same time, pastoralists were unwilling to recognise the role of Aboriginal people in creating such open landscapes and this reticence to acknowledge the Aboriginality of the pastoral economy persists today. This in turn affected the way settlers perceived the new forests that appeared after European invasion. The fate of the vegetation Europeans found has understandably been so much the focus of science and history—its removal, replacement, utilisation, modification and conservation—that 'new forests' easily escape scholarly attention; and being new, they seem far less valuable and threatened. They have generally been perceived as a nuisance, as enclosing and encroaching, as 'scrub', as 'woody weeds'. The politics of understanding regrowth are related not only to the issues of clearing and density, but especially to the culture of burning in Aboriginal and settler society and its implications for management and biodiversity. If the coming together of ecology and history best defines the new 'environmental history', then the most illuminating confluences are those where each discipline helps the other to identify what constitutes a unique 'event', both ecologically and historically. The article therefore finishes with examples of events in two landscapes—the long drought of the 1890s in western New South Wales and the Black Friday bushfires of 1939 in the mountain ash forests of Victoria—to illustrate how each emerges as an intriguing artefact of nature and history, a cultural exaggeration of a natural rhythm. Even as we discover the ecological depth of each apparently 'natural' event, we are reminded of its historical specificity.
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Anderson, Warwick. "From Racial Types to Aboriginal Clines." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 50, no. 5 (November 2020): 498–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2020.50.5.498.
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The mid-twentieth century Australian fieldwork of Joseph B. Birdsell illustrates, perhaps uniquely, the transition from typological structuring in physical anthropology before World War II to human biology’s increasing interest in the geographical or clinal patterning of genes and commitment to notions of drift and selection. It also shows that some morphological inquiries lingered into the postwar period, as did an attachment to theories of racial migration and hybridization. Birdsell’s intensive and long-term fieldwork among Aboriginal Australians eventually led him to criticize the settler colonialism and white racism that had made possible his expeditions and data collection. Yet he continued to regard Aboriginal communities as “island laboratories” and to treat Aboriginal people as convenient research subjects, distancing himself from their life worlds and experiences of dispossession and exploitation. This essay is part of a special issue entitled Pacific Biologies: How Humans Become Genetic, edited by Warwick Anderson and M. Susan Lindee.
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Matos, Marcela, and Marco Pereira. "Compassion." Psychologica 64, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8606_64-2_0.
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Compassion is an ancient concept but novel hot topic across the social sciences, from psychology, to sociology, to health, to communication and media, to politics and beyond. Burgeoning research has demonstrated the benefits of compassion for mental health and emotion regulation (e.g., MacBeth & Gumley, 2012; Matos et al., 2022), physiological health (e.g., Fredrickson et al., 2013; Kim et al., 2020; Klimecki et al., 2014), and interpersonal and social relationships (e.g., Crocker & Canevello, 2012; Yarnell & Neff, 2013). In particular, self-compassion has been shown to be a protective factor, increasing resilience to common mental health issues (e.g., shame, self-criticism; MacBeth & Gumley, 2012; Muris & Petrocchi, 2017) and promoting wellbeing (Zessin et al., 2015). In addition to compassion offering wellbeing benefits, compassion and self-compassion can also be cultivated and enhanced through interventions, in diverse populations and contexts, where they have been shown to promote well-being and to diminish mental health difficulties (e.g., depression, anxiety, stress, shame, self-criticism) (e.g., Craig et al., 2020; Ferrari et al., 2019; Kirby et al., 2017). Given the global challenges facing our world and the need for collective action, and inspired by the notion in evolutionary science that a conscious evolution toward a more compassionate world is possible (see Wilson, 2020), this special issue of the journal Psychologica presents research, applications and multi-cultural considerations related to compassion. In this special issue, several researchers and clinicians, including prominent names in the field and history of compassion, such as Prof. Paul Gilbert, made valuable contributions to expand the science of compassion and disseminate this knowledge into community, educational, clinical and public health settings. These studies are focused on different cultures (Portuguese, Australian, Singaporean), populations (clinical and nonclinical), age groups (adolescents and adults), clinical conditions (Borderline Personality Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder Hoarding Disorder), and applications (compassion-based programs for adolescents and adults, for distinct clinical conditions and with different formats). Let us give you a short-guided tour through the headlines of this special issue. (...)
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Jordan, Alexander. "Thomas Carlyle and the Australasian Labour Movement." Labour History 120, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2021.2.
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The influence of the great Scottish man of letters Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) on the British labour movement is well known. Drawing largely on the Australasian labour press, this article explores the influence of Carlyle on the intellectual culture of the Australasian labour movement, demonstrating that Australasian labour activists (including many Scots) derived considerable inspiration from Carlyle, with regard to idealist ethics and the nobility of work, social criticism, and constructive political thought. In all these regards, Carlyle provided not only ideas, but also language, rhetoric, and cultural authority. In this sense, Carlyle was just as crucial an influence on the Australasian labour movement as he was on the British labour movement.
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Kirby, Michael. "Australia's Commonwealth Ombudsman 40 Years on—Achievements and Ten Challenges." Federal Law Review 45, no. 3 (September 2017): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.45.3.6.
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The statutory office of Commonwealth Ombudsman was created in 1977, as part of the new federal administrative law. In this article, marking the 40th anniversary of the appointment of the first Commonwealth Ombudsman, Professor Jack Richardson, the author describes the early history, including the resistance in some quarters to the model adapted from Sweden. He describes the innovations of the first ten ombudsmen and the frustrations and difficulties they faced. He then identifies ten issues on the future of the office: (1) whether it should be directly linked to the Parliament; (2) whether it should be served by a select committee; (3) how its funding should be maintained; (4) protecting the Ombudsman title; (5) retaining ministerial support in circumstances of differences; (6) overcoming official resistance; (7) addressing judicial hostility; (8) embracing new technology and generic reform; (9) embracing self-criticism and human rights analysis; and (10) engaging with comparative and international outreach and innovation.
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Moiseev, Sergey R. "Hype around (non)monetary (non)theory." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 4, 2019): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-9-112-122.
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In 2019 the doctrine, called “Modern Monetary Theory” (MMT), broke into the political Olympus. Political, academic and financial circles in the USA, the United Kingdom and Australia are actively discussing what was previously unthinkable: the budget deficit does not matter, the money printing is able to close the gap between government spending and taxes without inflation pressuring and other well-known ideas presented in a new light. The strict criticism of MMT was voiced by the economists of all kinds, from Kenneth Rogoff and Lawrence Summers from Harvard University to Paul Krugman from the City University of New York. All of them claim that under the mask of a new theory simple left populism is hidden. Representatives of MMT believe that when their supporters win in the upcoming elections in the USA, they will open a new page in the history of economics and politics.
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Home, David. "The United States of America and Decolonization in the South Pacific Region Countries." International Journal of Science and Society 1, no. 2 (September 11, 2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v1i2.11.
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The purpose of this study is intended to reveal the background and influence of the United States in the South Pacific countries. The method used in this study is critical history. In analyzing data, the steps taken are steps according to Kuntowijoyo, topic selection, heuristics, verification (source criticism), interpretation, historiography. The results showed that the presence of the Soviet Union and China in the south Pacific moved the United States to pay more attention to this region, by further enhancing its role in the South Pacific Region. The role of the United States in the South Pacific Region covers the fields of economics, politics, and strategy. In the economic field, the United States provides assistance and improves their standard of living. In the political and strategic fields, the United States, together with Australia and New Zealand, which was bound by the ANZUS defense pact, tried to stem the influx of communist influence from the Soviet Union and China.
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O’Reilly, Chiara. "Collecting French art in the late 1800s at the Art Gallery of New South Wales." Journal of the History of Collections 32, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhz006.
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Abstract From the nineteenth century, Sydney’s Art Gallery of New South Wales has been a marker of cultural ambition in Australia. This paper critically considers five large French paintings purchased at the end of the nineteenth century at significant expense by the gallery. Feted by contemporaries as examples of the French academic style, they formed part of plans to develop a representative collection to further understanding of art in the colony and, over time, they have taken on a rich role in the collective cultural memory. Through close examination of these paintings, their historical reception, criticism, reproduction and traces in the gallery’s archives this article reveals a history of taste, class and the formation of the cultural value of art. Using an object-based approach, it positions these works as evidence of changing cultural ideas within the context of a state collection to offer new insight into their status, the gallery itself, and the multiple roles of public art collections.
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Harling, Philip. "The Trouble with Convicts: From Transportation to Penal Servitude, 1840–67." Journal of British Studies 53, no. 1 (January 2014): 80–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2013.213.
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AbstractThis article makes three points about the death throes of convict transportation. First, the quarrel over transportation shows the double-edged nature of the moral critique of empire in the early Victorian era. Metropolitan criticism of transportation had its roots in the same effort to moralize the empire that was seen in the almost contemporaneous assault on slavery. But transportation was deemed too convenient a means of getting rid of criminals for Britons safely to do without it. Second, the Whig government of 1846–52 sought to save transportation by moralizing the convict before shipping him off. By this point, however, the moral objections to transportation in eastern Australia had become so strong as to make the plan untenable. Third, colonial opposition to transportation ultimately left the British government with no choice but to replace it with penal servitude at home, and the debate over crime and punishment that played out over the next decade revealed a waning of faith in convict rehabilitation that manifested itself in a harsher prison regime. In necessitating the rise of penal servitude, the end of transportation makes it clear that the empire mattered very much indeed to the reshaping of British penal policy in the mid-Victorian era.
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Hutchinson, Mark. "The Great White Flood: Racism in Australia. By Anne Pattel-Gray. American Academy of Religion Cultural Criticism Series 2. Atlanta, Ga.: Scholars, 1998. xvi + 312 pp. $24.95 cloth." Church History 68, no. 4 (December 1999): 1075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3170283.
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Elokhina, Alexandra, and Evgeny Stelnik. "Reconstruction of the Battle on the Hills in the South of Stalingrad of September 8 - September 10, 1942." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 5 (November 2021): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.5.20.
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Introduction. The result of the Battle of Stalingrad supersedes the course of the battle itself in a great deal of historical literature. Therefore, it is no coincidence that in recent literature Stalingrad is increasingly becoming “mythologized” (A. Isaev), “unknown” (E. Kobyakov) or “forgotten” (A. Chunikhin), the return to the actual history of the Battle of Stalingrad takes the form of criticism of a generalized view, which on examination often turns out to be incorrect. Methods and materials. The work uses the methods of microhistory formulated in 1958 by the American historian J. Stewart. The actions of Red Army units are reconstructed on the basis of documents of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The actions of Wehrmacht units are described on the basis of captured German documents from Fund 500 of the same archive. The data from the battle log of the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps and the battle log of the 24th Panzer Division of the Wehrmacht were taken from the book of Australian historian J. Mark. Analysis. The terrain to the south and south-east of Stalingrad largely determined the course of battle of the operational group of Major-General N.M. Pozharsky and the right flank divisions of the 64th Army with units of XXXXVIII Panzer Corps of General V. Kämpf. The essence of this confrontation was a fierce struggle for commanding heights. Results. At 16:30 on 11 September Major von der Lancken’s group was disbanded, and the tanks returned to their divisions. As a result of the offensive of September 8-11 the Germans managed to capture key heights in the south of Stalingrad. Nevertheless, in these battles XXXXVIII Panzer Corps suffered losses that it could not make up for. This gave the defenders of Stalingrad a chance, which they took. Due to the large volume of archival materials, the author’s team was divided. A.K. Elokhina processed German sources, and E.V. Stelnik processed data from the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The concept of the article emerged in the course of joint discussions.
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Cooper, Melinda. "‘[W]hen the highway catches up with us’: Negotiating late modernity in Eleanor Dark'sLantana Lane." Queensland Review 23, no. 2 (December 2016): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2016.30.
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AbstractEleanor Dark's last published novel,Lantana Lane(published 1959), is not usually included in accounts of Australian modernism. The novel's strong criticisms of modernity, its regional focus and the Cold War context complicate its inclusion as a modernist text. However, revised understandings of modernism generated in the past few decades of scholarship allow for a reinvestigation of Dark's novel as a response to the conditions of late modernity. In particular, Dark explores the pressures exerted on local space by modern capitalism in a period of post-war reconstruction, showing how the national and global scales encroach upon and threaten to annihilate local particularity. Through drawing on a number of broadly modernist practices, including those of entanglement, suspension, metageography and primitivism, Dark pushes back against modernity's narratives of progress and attempts to recover space for the literary and the small scale.Lantana Lanedemonstrates how ‘regional modernisms’ written from ‘peripheral’ locations can draw attention to the uneven distribution of modernity within national and global space, and offer alternative — if provisional — sites of attachment.
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Verevis, Constantine, and Deane Williams. "Contemporary Australian Film Theory and Criticism." Media International Australia 136, no. 1 (August 2010): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1013600118.
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Kandiyoti, Deniz. "POST-COLONIALISM COMPARED: POTENTIALS AND LIMITATIONS IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND CENTRAL ASIA." International Journal of Middle East Studies 34, no. 2 (May 2002): 279–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743802002076.
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The term “post-colonial” is a relative newcomer to the jargon of Western social science. Although discussions about the effects of colonial and imperialist domination are by no means new, the various meanings attached to the prefix “post-” and different understandings of what characterizes the post-colonial continue to make this term a controversial one. Among the criticisms leveled against it, reviewed comprehensively by Hall (1996), are the dangers of careless homogenizing of experiences as disparate as those of white settler colonies, such as Australia and Canada; of the Latin American continent, whose independence battles were fought in the 19th century; and countries such as India, Nigeria, or Algeria that emerged from very different colonial encounters in the post-World War II era. He suggests, nevertheless, that “What the concept may help us to do is to describe or characterise the shift in global relations which marks the (necessarily uneven) transition from the age of Empires to the post-independence and post-decolonisation moment” (Hall 1996, 246). Rattansi (1997) proposes a distinction between “post-coloniality” to designate a set of historical epochs and “post-colonialism” or “post-colonialist studies” to refer to a particular form of intellectual inquiry that has as its central defining theme the mutually constitutive role played by colonizer and colonized in shaping the identities of both the dominant power and those at the receiving end of imperial and colonial projects. Within the field of post-colonial studies itself, Moore-Gilbert (1997) points to the divide between “post-colonial criticism,” which has much earlier antecedents in the writings of those involved in anti-colonial struggles, and “post-colonial theory,” which distinguishes itself from the former by the incoporation of methodological paradigms derived from contemporary European cultural theories into discussions of colonial systems of representation and cultural production. Whatever the various interpretations of the term or the various temporalities associated with it might be, Hall claims that the post-colonial “marks a critical interruption into that grand whole historiographical narrative which, in liberal historiography and Weberian historical sociology, as much as in the dominant traditions of Western Marxism, gave this global dimension a subordinate presence in a story that could essentially be told from its European parameters” (Hall 1996, 250). In what follows, I will attempt a brief discussion of some of the circumstances leading to the emergence of this concept and interrogate the extent to which it lends itself to a meaningful comparison of the modern trajectories of societies in the Middle East and Central Asia.
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Bonfiglioli, Catriona. "Analysing the ethics of weight-related news through the lens of journalism codes." Australian Journalism Review 42, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajr_00042_1.
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Overweight and obesity are significant health issues for Australians. Fat people make up the majority of the population, yet they experience significant discrimination. Analyses of weight-related news demonstrate that blame for obesity is most often laid at the feet of fat people, despite a large body of evidence demonstrating the power of environmental drivers of obesity beyond individual control. There is growing criticism of how news frames obesity and illustrates news with ‘headless fatties’. This study is the first to analyse the ethics of reporting obesity using current journalists’ codes as the analytical framework. It reports an original ethical analysis of a unique dataset of weight-related news from a moment in history when obesity was framed as a crisis and coverage was unprecedented. Using the Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA) code of ethics as an analytical framework, the extent to which coverage meets standards of journalism ethics and professionalism and performs the watchdog role is interrogated. The analysis identifies how an opportunity to highlight for the public the power and significance of those drivers of weight gain beyond individual control was briefly seized and then dropped in the face of the dominant discourse of individual responsibility. Despite numerous calls to improve reporting of obesity and representations of people of size, the news media do too little to hold industry and government to account, and the paucity of voices of people of size suggests a lack of opportunity for reply. Strategies for a more ethical approach to obesity news are offered.
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McH., B., and Dominick LaCapra. "History and Criticism." Poetics Today 7, no. 3 (1986): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1772526.
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Docherty, Thomas. "Criticism, history, Foucault." History of European Ideas 14, no. 3 (May 1992): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(92)90214-w.
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Walker, Lawrence D., and Dominick Lacapra. "History and Criticism." American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (April 1986): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1858142.
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Reilly, Stephen P. "Australian Sojourn." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 9, no. 8 (August 1985): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.9.8.155.
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Community psychiatry means different things to different people. Since the 1970s the American model of community psychiatry based on mental health clinics has attracted heavy criticism, whilst the UK concept of rooting community psychiatric services firmly within primary health care has gained increasing support. The need for community-orientated psychiatric services is generally agreed upon but definition of community and the mode of delivery are not. In Australia both free and private health care are available; community health centres and community mental health clinics exist (sometimes literally) side by side.
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Bliss, Carolyn, and Robert L. Ross. "Australian Literary Criticism, 1945-1988: An Annotated Bibliography." World Literature Today 64, no. 1 (1990): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40146095.
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Genovese, Ann. "Unravelling Identities: Performance and Criticism in Australian Feminisms." Feminist Review, no. 52 (1996): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1395778.
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EVANS, MARK. "'QUALITY' CRITICISM Music Reviewing in Australian Rock Magazines." Perfect Beat 3, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/prbt.v3i4.28739.
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Genovese, Ann. "Unravelling Identities: Performance and Criticism in Australian Feminisms." Feminist Review 52, no. 1 (March 1996): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1996.12.
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The following article is an exploration of the non-linear and non-unified identities that make up Australian feminism. The main premise is that the divergent strands of rational and romantic thought, central to the project of liberalism, are inherent in the characterization of Australian feminisms. As a result, there have always been tensions between feminists, centred around politics of self-identification. These tensions continue to exist, but to be articulated in different ways in different decades as a result of the ever changing relationships between feminist, state and media/public discourses. These ideas are explored through comparing two key moments in our recent past in which differences between feminisms were declared. These two events – the Mary Daly visit to Australia to promote Gyn/Ecology in 1981, and the debate engendered by Helen Garner's The First Stone in 1995 – are taken to be performative metaphors through which the continuities and discontinuities of the nature of Australian feminisms can be subjectively explored.
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Leach, Andrew, and Antony Moulis. "History, Criticism, Judgment, Project." Architectural Theory Review 15, no. 3 (December 2010): 298–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13264826.2010.524305.
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Shiff, Richard. "On Criticism Handling History." History of the Human Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 1989): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095269518900200104.
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Siegel, Katy. "Art, History, and Criticism." Art Journal 71, no. 1 (March 2012): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043249.2012.10791077.
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Botstein, Leon. "On Criticism and History." Musical Quarterly 79, no. 1 (1995): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mq/79.1.1.
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Gotera, V. "Practical Criticism." Radical History Review 1994, no. 58 (January 1, 1994): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1994-58-171.
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Griffith, R. Drew, and George A. Kennedy. "The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism. 1: Classical Criticism." Phoenix 46, no. 2 (1992): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1088477.
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Green, Joel B. "Rethinking "History" for Theological Interpretation." Journal of Theological Interpretation 5, no. 2 (2011): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26421422.
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Abstract In recent years, theological interpretation of Christian Scripture has often been distinguished by its wholesale antipathy toward history and/or to historical criticism. Working with a typology of different forms of "historical criticism," this essay urges (1) that historical criticism understood as reconstruction of "what really happened" and/or historical criticism that assumes the necessary segregation of "facts" from "faith" is inimical to theological interpretation; (2) that this form of historical criticism is increasingly difficult to support in light of contemporary work in the philosophy of history; and (3) that contemporary theological interpretation is dependent on expressions of historical criticism concerned with the historical situation within which the biblical materials were generated, including the sociocultural conventions they take for granted.
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Green, Joel B. "Rethinking "History" for Theological Interpretation." Journal of Theological Interpretation 5, no. 2 (2011): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jtheointe.5.2.0159.
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Abstract In recent years, theological interpretation of Christian Scripture has often been distinguished by its wholesale antipathy toward history and/or to historical criticism. Working with a typology of different forms of "historical criticism," this essay urges (1) that historical criticism understood as reconstruction of "what really happened" and/or historical criticism that assumes the necessary segregation of "facts" from "faith" is inimical to theological interpretation; (2) that this form of historical criticism is increasingly difficult to support in light of contemporary work in the philosophy of history; and (3) that contemporary theological interpretation is dependent on expressions of historical criticism concerned with the historical situation within which the biblical materials were generated, including the sociocultural conventions they take for granted.
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Gibert, John C., and George A. Kennedy. "The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism: Volume I: Classical Criticism." Classical World 84, no. 6 (1991): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4350972.
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Peradotto, John, and George A. Kennedy. "The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume I: Classical Criticism." American Journal of Philology 113, no. 3 (1992): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/295476.
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