Journal articles on the topic 'Australian health care'
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Choy Flannigan, Alison, and Prue Power. "Health Care Governance: Introduction." Australian Health Review 32, no. 1 (2008): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080007.
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IN RECOGNITION OF the importance and the complexity of governance within the Australian health care sector, the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association has established a regular governance section in Australian Health Review. The aim of this new section is to provide relevant and up-to-date information on governance to assist those working at senior leadership and management levels in the industry. We plan to include perspectives on governance of interest to government Ministers and senior executives, chief executives, members of boards and advisory bodies, senior managers and senior clinicians. This section is produced with the assistance of Ebsworth & Ebsworth lawyers, who are pleased to team with the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association in this important area. We expect that further articles in this section will cover topics such as: � Principles of good corporate governance � Corporate governance structures in the public health sector in Australia � Legal responsibilities of public health managers � Governance and occupational health and safety � Financial governance and probity. We would be pleased to hear your suggestions for future governance topics.
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Keleher, Helen, and Virginia Hagger. "Health Literacy in Primary Health Care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07020.
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Health literacy is fundamental if people are to successfully manage their own health. This requires a range of skills and knowledge about health and health care, including finding, understanding, interpreting and communicating health information, seeking of appropriate care and making critical health decisions. A primary health system that is appropriate and universally accessible requires an active agenda based on research of approaches to address low health literacy, while health care providers should be alert to the widespread problems of health literacy which span all age levels. This article reviews the progress made in Australia on health literacy in primary health care since health literacy was included in Australia's health goals and targets in the mid-1990s. A database search of published literature was conducted to identify existing examples of health literacy programs in Australia. Considerable work has been done on mental health literacy, and research into chronic disease self-management with CALD communities, which includes health literacy, is under way. However, the lack of breadth in research has led to a knowledge base that is patchy. The few Australian studies located on health literacy research together with the data about general literacy in Australia suggests the need for much more work to be done to increase our knowledge base about health literacy, in order to develop appropriate resources and tools to manage low health literacy in primary health settings.
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Day, Gary. "Book Review: The Australian health care system." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080371.
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THIS IS THE THIRD edition of one of the seminal local texts on the Australian health care system. Over the last seven years, this text has proved a basis for helping students, casual readers and health professionals understand Australia?s sometimes difficult to understand health care system. The text is divided into ten chapters that deal with key aspects of Australia?s health care system, namely: � Frameworks for analysis � The Australian population and its health � Financing health care � The health workforce � Departmental and intergovernmental structures � Hospitals � Public health � Primary and community care � Pharmaceuticals � Policy challenges for the Australian health care system. There are several key reasons why this text has been widely used in the past and will continue to be of value well into the future. The author has been able to accurately describe the complexities of the Australian health care system in an easily digestible way. This is a feat in itself and worthy of praise. There is an appropriate use of tables and figures to support the written content. Finally, the author provides excellent conclusions that bring together the salient points and issues in each chapter. The publisher promotes that this edition includes new material on health workforce, patient safety and medical and health insurance. The Australian health care system delivers on this claim, providing useful insights and a deeper understanding of the issues that confront the future direction and delivery of health services in this country. This text is a useful addition to any library as well as a staple for students needing to more clearly understand the complexities and challenges of the Australian health care system. My only suggestion is that the text could have been enhanced by the inclusion of revision or reflective questions at the end of each chapter. In summary, a must-have as part of a good health-related library.
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Maruyama, Shiko. "Australian Health Care System." Iryo To Shakai 18, no. 1 (2008): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4091/iken.18.49.
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Van Der Weyden, Martin B. "Reforming Australian health care." Medical Journal of Australia 191, no. 7 (October 2009): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02840.x.
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Chater, Alan B. "Looking after health care in the bush." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080313.
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LOOKING AFTER health care in rural Australia involves providing adequate services to meet the urgent and non-urgent needs of rural patients in a timely, cost-effective and safe manner. The very provision of these services requires an appropriate workforce and facilities in rural areas. This provides challenges for clinicians, administrators and medical educators. While preventive medicine has made some significant gains globally in reducing the need for acute care and hospitalisation in some areas of medicine such as infectious disease and asthma, these demands have been replaced by an increase in trauma, chronic disease and mental illness1 which, with an ageing population, eventually means presentations at an older age which can require hospitalisation. Rural patients have always had to deal with a relative undersupply of health practitioners. Rural people have coped valiantly with this. The legendary stoicism of rural people has been shown by Schrapnel2 and Davies to be a prominent feature of the rural personality. This both allowed them to cope with lack of services and to suffer in silence while their health status fell below the Australian average.3 Rural Australians use fewer Medicare services and see the doctor less per annum than the Australian average.
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Walker, Judi, and Grant Lennox. "Duelling Band-aids: Debating and Debunking Issues Affecting Primary Health Care to Achieve Deliverance for Australia's Health." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00048.
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The constant pressure for growth on all areas of health spending is not matched by the country's capacity to pay. Despite a progressive shift to a primary health care approach that promotes health and wellbeing, illness prevention, healthy lifestyles, early detection, rehabilitation and public health strategies, not all segments of Australian society enjoy good health. In this paper, general indications of the health and wellbeing of Australians are described, and the health and wellbeing of two important population groups: rural and remote and Indigenous populations are discussed, providing a review of Australia's health system. Anomalies in the status of the health of Australians are apparent. Models of primary healthcare, individual health and urban health are compared with models of acute and institutional care, population health and rural health.
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Cheng, I.-Hao, Sayed Wahidi, Shiva Vasi, and Sophia Samuel. "Importance of community engagement in primary health care: the case of Afghan refugees." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 3 (2015): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py13137.
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Refugees can experience problems accessing and utilising Australian primary health care services, resulting in suboptimal health outcomes. Little is known about the impact of their pre-migration health care experiences. This paper demonstrates how the Afghan pre-migration experiences of primary health care can affect engagement with Australian primary care services. It considers the implications for Australian primary health care policy, planning and delivery. This paper is based on the international experiences, insights and expert opinions of the authors, and is underpinned by literature on Afghan health-seeking behaviour. Importantly, Afghanistan and Australia have different primary health care strategies. In Afghanistan, health care is predominantly provided through a community-based outreach approach, namely through community health workers residing in the local community. In contrast, the Australian health care system requires client attendance at formal health service facilities. This difference contributes to service access and utilisation problems. Community engagement is essential to bridge the gap between the Afghan community and Australian primary health care services. This can be achieved through the health sector working to strengthen partnerships between Afghan individuals, communities and health services. Enhanced community engagement has the potential to improve the delivery of primary health care to the Afghan community in Australia.
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Ohr, Se Ok, Vicki Parker, Sarah Jeong, and Terry Joyce. "Migration of nurses in Australia: where and why?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 1 (2010): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09051.
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The Australian health care workforce has benefited from an increasing migration of nurses over the past decades. The nursing profession is the largest single health profession, making up over half of the Australian health care workforce. Migration of nurses into the Australian nursing workforce impacts significantly on the size of the workforce and the capacity to provide health care to the Australian multicultural community. Migration of nurses plays an important role in providing a solution to the ongoing challenges of workforce attraction and retention, hence an understanding of the factors contributing to nurse migration is important. This paper will critically analyse factors reported to impact on migration of nurses to Australia, in particular in relation to: (1) globalisation; (2) Australian society and nursing workforce; and (3) personal reasons. The current and potential implications of nurse migration are not limited to the Australian health care workforce, but also extend to political, socioeconomic and other aspects in Australia.
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Ragg, Mark. "Australian health-care policy changes." Lancet 343, no. 8901 (April 1994): 843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92034-6.
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Peabody, John W. "The Australian Health Care System." JAMA 276, no. 24 (December 25, 1996): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03540240022014.
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Dwyer, Judith, and Sandra G. Leggat. "Mental health care: commitment to action?" Australian Health Review 30, no. 2 (2006): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah060133.
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THE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENTS (the peak intergovernmental forum in Australia, comprising the Prime Minister, State Premiers, Territory Chief Ministers and the President of the Australian Local Government Association) focused on mental health care at its meeting in February. They agreed that more money is needed, and asked their public servants to prepare an action plan urgently.1 The action plan is expected to contain a stronger focus on mental health promotion and early intervention, and perhaps a more flexible approach to the housing and care needs of people who can?t ?manage on their own?. A stronger role for the non-government sector is anticipated, as well as increased access to psychologists and other health professionals in primary care, and efforts to improve access for people with mental illness to employment, community activities, rehabilitation and respite care.
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Thompson, Walter R., Garry D. Phillips, and Michael J. Cousins. "Anaesthesia underpins acute patient care in hospitals." Australian Health Review 31, no. 5 (2007): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah07s116.
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The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) carried out a review of the roles of anaesthetists in providing acute care services in both public and private hospitals in Europe, North America and South-East Asia. As a result, ANZCA revised its education and training program and its processes relating to overseastrained specialists. The new training program, introduced in 2004, formed the basis for submissions to the Australian Medical Council, and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission/ Australian Health Workforce Officials? Committee review of medical colleges. A revised continuing professional development program will be in place in 2007. Anaesthetists in Australia and New Zealand play a pivotal role in providing services in both public and private hospitals, as well as supporting intensive care medicine, pain medicine and hyperbaric medicine. Anaesthesia allows surgery, obstetrics, procedural medicine and interventional medical imaging to function optimally, by ensuring that the patient journey is safe and has high quality care. Specialist anaesthetists in Australia now exceed Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee recommendations
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Leggat, Sandra G. "Australian Health Review call for papers." Australian Health Review 31, no. 3 (2007): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070331.
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Models of care: do they make the difference? Australian Health Review invites contributions for the models of care section of the journal. This is a regular section and we welcome ongoing article submissions. Health care is delivered in countless ways for those who have debilitating illnesses or conditions. Stakeholders boast that it is the particular ?model of care? that makes the positive difference to patients and clients ? but, it has been difficult to ascertain the true impact of models of care on patient/client or system outcomes. To assist in clarifying this important area for health service management and policy decision making, we are looking for articles on case studies or research projects that suggest either positive or negative outcomes for specific models of care. Australian Health Review is looking to publish feature articles, research papers, case studies and commentaries related to your experience with specific models of care. We are particularly interested in papers that measure the model's effectiveness at a system, organisation and/or client level. Australian and New Zealand submissions are welcome, as well as international initiatives with lessons for Australia and New Zealand. Submissions can be short commentaries of 1000 to 2000 words, or more comprehensive reviews of 2000 to 4000 words. Please consult the AHR Guidelines for Authors for information on formatting and submission.
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Leggat, Sandra G. "Australian Health Review call for papers." Australian Health Review 32, no. 1 (2008): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080003.
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Models of care: do they make the difference? Australian Health Review invites contributions for the Models of Care section of the journal. This is a regular section and we welcome ongoing article submissions. Health care is delivered in countless ways for those who have debilitating illnesses or conditions. Stakeholders boast that it is the particular ?model of care? that makes the positive difference to patients and clients ? but, it has been difficult to ascertain the true impact of models of care on patient/client or system outcomes. To assist in clarifying this important area for health service management and policy decision making, we are looking for articles on case studies or research projects that suggest either positive or negative outcomes for specific models of care. Australian Health Review is looking to publish feature articles, research papers, case studies and commentaries related to your experience with specific models of care. We are particularly interested in papers that measure the model's effectiveness at a system, organisation and/or client level. Australian and New Zealand submissions are welcome, as well as international initiatives with lessons for Australia and New Zealand. Submissions can be short commentaries of 1000 to 2000 words, or more comprehensive reviews of 2000 to 4000 words. Please consult the AHR Guidelines for Authors for information on formatting and submission.
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Leggat, Sandra G. "Australian Health Review call for papers." Australian Health Review 31, no. 1 (2007): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070007.
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Technology in health care: are we delivering on the promise? Australian Health Review invites contributions for an upcoming issue on information management and information and communication technology in health care. Submission deadline: 15 May 2007 Despite a reputation for less spending on information and communication technologies (ICT), the health care sector has an imperative to ensure the ?right? information has been made available and accessible to the ?right? person at the ?right? time. While there is increasing evidence that the strategic application of ICT in innovative ways can improve the effectiveness of health care delivery, we don?t often discuss the substantial changes to the way health care organisations operate that are required for best practice information management. In an upcoming issue, Australian Health Review is looking to publish feature articles, research papers, case studies and commentaries related to information management and information and communication technologies in health care. We are particularly interested in papers that report on the successes, or failures, of initiatives in Australia and New Zealand that have brought together the research, the technology and the clinical, managerial and organisational expertise. Submissions related to international initiatives with lessons for Australia and New Zealand will also be welcomed. Submissions can be short commentaries of 1000 to 2000 words, or more comprehensive reviews of 2000 to 4000 words. Please consult the AHR Guidelines for Authors for information on formatting and submission. The deadline for submission is 15 May 2007.
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Glasgow, Nicholas, and Lucio Naccarella. "Guest Editorial: Getting Evidence into Policy - Stimulating Debate and Building the Evidence Base." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07016.
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In this special edition of the Journal, we have brought together papers with the aim of contributing to primary health care reform in Australia. The papers will stimulate further debate and increase the evidence base through which policies can be informed. Does primary health care in Australia need reform? Are there fundamental problems with the health system demanding a reform response? The challenges confronting Australia's health care system over the next decade are real and well documented (Productivity Commission, 2005; Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee [AMWAC], 2005). They include the ageing population and longer life expectancies, the increasing prevalence of chronic illness and co-morbidity, heightened consumer expectations, advances in health technologies and shortages in the health workforce.
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Swerissen, Hal. "Editorial: CoAG and Primary Health Reform." Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no. 1 (2006): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06001.
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Chronic disease prevention and management, integration and community care continue to be key themes for primary health and community care as the papers in this issue of the Journal attest. Three quarters of Australians have an ongoing chronic illness (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006). The Council of Australian Governments has recently emphasised the importance of health promotion and disease prevention (Council of Australian Governments, 2006), but to date proposals for action have been disappointing. There is now a plethora of research on these issues and innovative policy and practice to deal with them. There is little doubt that primary health and community care programs are important for the effective delivery of chronic disease prevention. Yet, it remains difficult to get concrete progress towards a national policy framework for primary health and community care. Instead we have incremental, piecemeal attempts at reform. Why is this so?
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Bomba, David, Kurt Svardsudd, and Per Kristiansson. "A comparison of patient attitudes towards the use of computerised medical records and unique identifiers in Australia and Sweden." Australian Journal of Primary Health 10, no. 2 (2004): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py04024.
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This article compares the attitudes of Australian and Swedish patients towards the use of computerised medical records and unique identifiers in medical practices in Australia and Sweden. A Swedish translation of an Australian survey was conducted and results were compared. Surveys were distributed to patients at a medical practice in Sweden in 2003 and compared to the results of an Australian study by Bomba and Land (2003). Results: Based on the survey samples (Australia N=271 and Sweden N=55), 91% of Swedish respondents and 78% of Australian respondents gave a positive appraisal of the use of computers in health care. Of the Swedish respondents, 93% agreed that the computer-based patient record is an essential technology for health care in the future, while 86% of the Australian respondents agreed. Overwhelmingly, 95% of Swedish respondents and 91% of Australian respondents stated that the use of computers did not interfere with the doctor-patient consultation. Both groups preferred biometric identification as the method for uniquely identifying patients but differed in their preferred method to store medical information - a combination of central database and smart card for Australian respondents and central database for Swedish respondents. This analysis indicates that patient attitudes towards the use of computerised medical records and unique identifiers in Australia and Sweden are positive; however, there are concerns over information privacy and security. These concerns need to be taken into account in any future development of a national computer health network.
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MacLean, Sarah, Angela Harney, and Kerry Arabena. "Primary health-care responses to methamphetamine use in Australian Indigenous communities." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 4 (2015): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14126.
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Crystal methamphetamine (commonly known as ‘ice’) use is currently a deeply concerning problem for some Australian Indigenous peoples and can cause serious harms to individual, families and communities. This paper is intended to support best practice responses by primary health-care staff working with Australian Indigenous people who use methamphetamine. It draws on a systematic search of relevant databases to identify literature from January 1999 to February 2014, providing an overview of prevalence, treatment, education and harm reduction, and community responses. The prevalence of methamphetamine use is higher in Indigenous than non-Indigenous communities, particularly in urban and regional settings. No evidence was identified that specifically related to effective treatment and treatment outcomes for Indigenous Australians experiencing methamphetamine dependence or problematic use. While studies involving methamphetamine users in the mainstream population suggest that psychological and residential treatments show short-term promise, longer-term outcomes are less clear. Community-driven interventions involving Indigenous populations in Australia and internationally appear to have a high level of community acceptability; however, outcomes in terms of methamphetamine use are rarely evaluated. Improved national data on prevalence of methamphetamine use among Indigenous people and levels of treatment access would support service planning. We argue for the importance of a strength-based approach to addressing methamphetamine use, to counteract the stigma and despair that frequently accompanies it.
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Clark, Shannon, Rhian Parker, Brenton Prosser, and Rachel Davey. "Aged care nurse practitioners in Australia: evidence for the development of their role." Australian Health Review 37, no. 5 (2013): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13052.
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Aim To consider evidence surrounding the emerging role of nurse practitioners in Australia with a particular focus on the provision of healthcare to older people. Methods Methods used included keyword, electronic database and bibliographic searches of international literature, as well as review of prominent policy reports in relation to aged care and advanced nursing roles. Results This paper reports on evidence from systematic reviews and international studies that show that nurse practitioners improve healthcare outcomes, particularly for hard to service populations. It also maps out the limited Australian evidence on the impact of nurse practitioners’ care in aged care settings. Conclusions If Australia is to meet the health needs of its ageing population, more evidence on the effectiveness, economic viability and sustainability of models of care, including those utilising nurse practitioners, is required. What is known about the topic? Australia, like many industrialised countries, faces unprecedented challenges in the provision of health services to an ageing population. Attempts to respond to these challenges have resulted in changing models of healthcare and shifting professional boundaries, including the development of advance practice roles for nurses. One such role is that of the nurse practitioner. There is international evidence that nurse practitioners provide high-quality healthcare. Despite being established in the United States for nearly 50 years, nurse practitioners are a relatively recent addition to the Australian health workforce. What does this paper add? This paper positions a current Australian evaluation of nurse practitioners in aged care against the background of the development of the role of nurse practitioners internationally, evidence for the effectiveness of the role, and evidence for nurse practitioners in aged care. Recent legislative changes in Australia now mean that private nurse practitioner roles can be fully implemented and hence evaluated. In the face of the increasing demands of an ageing population, the paper highlights limitations in current Australian evidence for nurse practitioners in aged care and identifies the importance of a national evaluation to begin to address these limitations. What are the implications for practitioners? The success of future healthcare planning and policy depends on implementing effective initiatives to address the needs of older Australians. Mapping the terrain of contemporary evidence for nurse practitioners highlights the need for more research into nurse practitioner roles and their effectiveness across Australia. Understanding the boundaries and limitations to current evidence is relevant for all involved with health service planning and delivery.
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Bourke, Sharon L., Claire Harper, Elianna Johnson, Janet Green, Ligi Anish, Miriam Muduwa, and Linda Jones. "Health Care Experiences in Rural, Remote, and Metropolitan Areas of Australia." Online Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care 21, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v21i1.652.
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Background: Australia is a vast land with extremes in weather and terrain. Disparities exist between the health of those who reside in the metropolitan areas versus those who reside in the rural and remote areas of the country. Australia has a public health system called Medicare; a basic level of health cover for all Australians that is funded by taxpayers. Most of the hospital and health services are located in metropolitan areas, however for those who live in rural or remote areas the level of health service provision can be lower; with patients required to travel long distances for health care.
Purpose: This paper will explore the disparities experienced by Australians who reside in regional and remote areas of Australia.
Method: A search of the literature was performed from healthcare databases using the search terms: healthcare, rural and remote Australia, and social determinants of health in Australia.
Findings: Life in the rural and remote areas of Australia is identified as challenging compared to the metropolitan areas. Those with chronic illnesses such as diabetes are particularly vulnerable to morbidities associated with poor access to health resources and the lack of service provision.
Conclusion: Australia has a world class health system. It has been estimated that 70% of the Australian population resides in large metropolitan areas and remaining 30% distributed across rural and remote communities. This means that 30% of the population are not experiencing their health care as ‘world-class’, but rather are experiencing huge disparities in their health outcomes.
Keywords: rural and remote, health access, mental health issues, social determinants
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v21i1.652
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Wilson, Ross McL, William B. Runciman, Robert W. Gibberd, Bernadette T. Harrison, and John D. Hamilton. "Quality in Australian Health Care Study." Medical Journal of Australia 164, no. 12 (June 1996): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb122287.x.
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Baume AO, Peter. "Rationing in Australian health care services." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 2 (January 1998): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb126708.x.
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Wynne, J. Michael. "Rationing in Australian health care services." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 11 (June 1998): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb139093.x.
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Finkel, Elizabeth. "Australian metropolitan health-care services plan." Lancet 348, no. 9035 (October 1996): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)65288-9.
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McBride, Tony, and Viola Korczak. "Community consultation and engagement in health care reform." Australian Health Review 31, no. 5 (2007): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070s13.
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In advocating for significant reform of the health care system, the Australian Health Care Reform Alliance (AHCRA) supports a process of citizen engagement that will allow the wider community to have a say in the future direction of their health care system. Models that have engaged community opinions have been successful overseas, and this article calls for similar processes in Australia.
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Anderson, Josephine, Kathleen O'Moore, Mariam Faraj, and Judith Proudfoot. "Stepped care mental health service in Australian primary care: codesign and feasibility study." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19078.
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Objective In 2015, the Australian Government introduced several mental health reforms, including the requirement that Primary Health Networks (PHNs) provide stepped care services for Australians with mental health needs such as anxiety and depression. This paper reports on the development and feasibility study of StepCare, an online stepped mental healthcare service in general practice that screens patients, provides immediate feedback to patients and general practitioners (GPs), transmits stepped treatment recommendations to GPs and monitors patients’ progress, including notification of deterioration. Methods The present codesign and feasibility study in one PHN examined: (1) the acceptability and feasibility of StepCare to GPs, practice staff and patients; (2) the impact of StepCare on clinical practice; and (3) the barriers to and facilitators of implementation. Results Thirty-two GPs, 22 practice staff and 418 patients participated in the study. Overall, patients, practice staff and GPs found StepCare acceptable and feasible, commending its privacy, the mental health screening, monitoring and feedback. They also made suggestions for service improvements. GPs reported that StepCare helped with their identification and management of patients with common mental health issues. Conclusions Preliminary data suggest that StepCare may be acceptable and feasible in Australian general practice, helping GPs identify and manage common mental health problems in their patients. The study provides implications for policy and practice, and points the way to future translational research into stepped mental health care. What is known about the topic? Depression and anxiety are common illnesses in primary care and GPs are ideally placed to implement stepped care approaches enabling early detection and accessible, effective care. What does this paper add? Developed in and for general practice, StepCare is the first fully integrated stepped approach to primary mental health care in Australia. As a first step in a translational research program evaluating the effectiveness of StepCare, this paper reports data regarding the feasibility and acceptability of the service. What are the implications for practitioners? Integrated into the workflow of general practice, StepCare is an online service that helps GPs detect new cases of depression and anxiety, provide evidence-based stepped care treatments and monitor patients’ progress.
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Halcomb, Elizabeth J., Patricia M. Davidson, John P. Daly, Rhonda Griffiths, Julie Yallop, and Geoffrey Tofler. "Nursing in Australian general practice: directions and perspectives." Australian Health Review 29, no. 2 (2005): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050156.
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Primary health care services, such as general practices, are the first point of contact for many Australian health care consumers. Until recently, the role of nursing in Australian primary care was poorly defined and described in the literature. Changes in policy and funding have given rise to an expansion of the nursing role in primary care. This paper provides a review of the literature and seeks to identify the barriers and facilitators to implementation of the practice nurse role in Australia and identifies strategic directions for future research and policy development.
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Harris, Paul, Asiyeh Salehi, Elizabeth Kendall, Jennifer Whitty, Andrew Wilson, and Paul Scuffham. "“She’ll be right, mate!”: do Australians take their health for granted?" Journal of Primary Health Care 12, no. 3 (2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc20025.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONHealth consciousness highlights the readiness of individuals to undertake health actions and take responsibility for their health and the health of others. AIMTo examine the health consciousness of Australians and its association with health status, health-care utilisation and sociodemographic factors. METHODSThis quantitative cross-sectional study was a part of a larger project aiming to engage the general public in health-care decision-making. Adults from Queensland and South Australia (n=1529) were recruited to participate by a panel company. The questionnaire included the Health Consciousness Scale (HCS), health status, health-care utilisation, sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables. RESULTSThe health consciousness of Australians was relatively low (mean score=21), compared to other international administrations of the HCS, and further investigations revealed that more health-conscious people tended to live in South Australia, be female and single, experience poorer physical and mental health and were more frequent users of health-care services. DISCUSSIONThe general approach to health in this sample of the Australian public may reflect ‘here and now’ concerns. It appears that an attitude of ‘she’ll be right, mate’ prevails until a change in an individual’s health status or their exposure to the health system demands otherwise. These findings need to be investigated further to see if they are confirmed by others and to clarify the implications for primary health programmes in Australia in redressing the public’s apparent apathy.
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Rao, Hamna. "Reforms Needed in Aged Patient’s Care." International Journal of Frontier Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i1.34.
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Today’s health workforce is constantly engaged to enhance the standards of healthcare services and ensuring comprehensive healthcare standards to the community. Queensland’s health workforce is Australia’s second largest health workforce (1) and serving proportionately in all areas of QLD, making efforts to make health better by making research, surveys and developmental planning in rural and regional areas. Aged Care is currently the most concerned health issue among OECD countries (2) as aged population continues to grow and it’s challenging for Australian health sector to meet the standards of quality care in provision of aged care health services. As per Australian Institute of Health and Welfare statistics it is projected that Australia will constitute 22% of aged population in next 30 years (AIHW).
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Lavoie, Josée G., and Judith Dwyer. "Implementing Indigenous community control in health care: lessons from Canada." Australian Health Review 40, no. 4 (2016): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14101.
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Objective Over past decades, Australian and Canadian Indigenous primary healthcare policies have focused on supporting community controlled Indigenous health organisations. After more than 20 years of sustained effort, over 89% of eligible communities in Canada are currently engaged in the planning, management and provision of community controlled health services. In Australia, policy commitment to community control has also been in place for more than 25 years, but implementation has been complicated by unrealistic timelines, underdeveloped change management processes, inflexible funding agreements and distrust. This paper discusses the lessons from the Canadian experience to inform the continuing efforts to achieve the implementation of community control in Australia. Methods We reviewed Canadian policy and evaluation grey literature documents, and assessed lessons and recommendations for relevance to the Australian context. Results Our analysis yielded three broad lessons. First, implementing community control takes time. It took Canada 20 years to achieve 89% implementation. To succeed, Australia will need to make a firm long term commitment to this objective. Second, implementing community control is complex. Communities require adequate resources to support change management. And third, accountability frameworks must be tailored to the Indigenous primary health care context to be meaningful. Conclusions We conclude that although the Canadian experience is based on a different context, the processes and tools created to implement community control in Canada can help inform the Australian context. What is known about the topic? Although Australia has promoted Indigenous control over primary healthcare (PHC) services, implementation remains incomplete. Enduring barriers to the transfer of PHC services to community control have not been addressed in the largely sporadic attention to this challenge to date, despite significant recent efforts in some jurisdictions. What does this paper add? The Canadian experience indicates that transferring PHC from government to community ownership requires sustained commitment, adequate resourcing of the change process and the development of a meaningful accountability framework tailored to the sector. What are the implications for practitioners? Policy makers in Australia will need to attend to reform in contractual arrangements (towards pooled or bundled funding), adopt a long-term vision for transfer and find ways to harmonise the roles of federal and state governments. The arrangements achieved in some communities in the Australian Coordinated Care Trials (and still in place) provide a model.
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Team, Victoria, Lenore H. Manderson, and Milica Markovic. "From state care to self-care: cancer screening behaviours among Russian-speaking Australian women." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 2 (2013): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11158.
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In this article, we report on a small qualitative scale study with immigrant Russian-speaking Australian women, carers of dependent family members. Drawing on in-depth interviews, we explore women’s health-related behaviours, in particular their participation in breast and cervical cancer screening. Differences in preventive health care policies in country of origin and Australia explain their poor participation in cancer screening. Our participants had grown up in the former Soviet Union, where health checks were compulsory but where advice about frequency and timing was the responsibility of doctors. Following migration, women continued to believe that the responsibility for checks was their doctor’s, and they maintained that, compared with their experience of preventive medicine in the former Soviet Union, Australian practice was poor. Women argued that if reproductive health screening were important in cancer prevention, then health care providers would take a lead role to ensure that all women participated. Data suggest how women’s participation in screening may be improved.
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Kerr, Rhonda, and Delia V. Hendrie. "Is capital investment in Australian hospitals effectively funding patient access to efficient public hospital care?" Australian Health Review 42, no. 5 (2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17231.
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Objective This study asks ‘Is capital investment in Australian public hospitals effectively funding patient access to efficient hospital care?’ Methods The study drew information from semistructured interviews with senior health infrastructure officials, literature reviews and World Health Organization (WHO) reports. To identify which systems most effectively fund patient access to efficient hospitals, capital allocation systems for 17 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries were assessed. Results Australian government objectives (equitable access to clinically appropriate, efficient, sustainable, innovative, patient-based) for acute health services are not directly addressed within Australian capital allocation systems for hospitals. Instead, Australia retains a prioritised hospital investment system for institutionally based asset replacement and capital planning, aligned with budgetary and political priorities. Australian systems of capital allocation for public hospitals were found not to match health system objectives for allocative, productive and dynamic efficiency. Australia scored below average in funding patient access to efficient hospitals. The OECD countries most effectively funding patient access to efficient hospital care have transitioned to diagnosis-related group (DRG) aligned capital funding. Measures of effective capital allocation for hospitals, patient access and efficiency found mixed government–private–public partnerships performed poorly with inferior access to capital than DRG-aligned systems, with the worst performing systems based on private finance. Conclusion Australian capital allocation systems for hospitals do not meet Australian government standards for the health system. Transition to a diagnosis-based system of capital allocation would align capital allocation with government standards and has been found to improve patient access to efficient hospital care. What is known about the topic? Very little is known about the effectiveness of Australian capital allocation for public hospitals. In Australia, capital is rarely discussed in the context of efficiency, although poor built capital and inappropriate technologies are acknowledged as limitations to improving efficiency. Capital allocated for public hospitals by state and territory is no longer reported by Australian Institute of Health and Welfare due to problems with data reliability. International comparative reviews of capital funding for hospitals have not included Australia. Most comparative efficiency reviews for health avoid considering capital allocation. The national review of hospitals found capital allocation information makes it difficult to determine ’if we have it right’ in terms of investment for health services. Problems with capital allocation systems for public hospitals have been identified within state-based reviews of health service delivery. The Productivity Commission was unable to identify the cost of capital used in treating patients in Australian public hospitals. Instead, building and equipment depreciation plus the user cost of capital (or the cost of using the money invested in the asset) are used to estimate the cost of capital required for patient care, despite concerns about accuracy and comparability. What does this paper add? This is the first study to review capital allocation systems for Australian public hospitals, to evaluate those systems against the contemporary objectives of the health systems and to assess whether prevailing Australian allocation systems deliver funds to facilitate patient access to efficient hospital care. This is the first study to evaluate Australian hospital capital allocation and efficiency. It compares the objectives of the Australian public hospitals system (for universal access to patient-centred, efficient and effective health care) against a range of capital funding mechanisms used in comparable health systems. It is also the first comparative review of international capital funding systems to include Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? Clinical quality and operational efficiency in hospitals require access for all patients to technologically appropriate hospitals. Funding for appropriate public hospital facilities, medical equipment and information and communications technology is not connected to activity-based funding in Australia. This study examines how capital can most effectively be allocated to provide patient access to efficient hospital care for Australian public hospitals. Capital investment for hospitals that is patient based, rather than institutionally focused, aligns with higher efficiency.
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Carmichael, Allan. "Teaching, learning and research: essential elements of health care and the next Australian Health Care Agreements." Australian Health Review 31, no. 5 (2007): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070s25.
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Australian Health Care Agreements must set out the roles and responsibilities of the Australian, state and territory governments in ensuring the provision of appropriate clinical placements for the additional medical student allocation. The roles of universities and public and private health agencies must also be specified.
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Pagan, Janet, Stuart Cunningham, and Peter Higgs. "Getting Creative in Health Care." Media International Australia 132, no. 1 (August 2009): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0913200109.
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Health care accounts for a substantial and growing share of national expenditures, and Australia's health-care system faces some unprecedented pressures. This paper examines the contribution of creative expertise and services to Australian health care. They are found to be making a range of contributions to the development and delivery of health-care goods and services, the initial training and ongoing professionalism of doctors and nurses, and the effective functioning of health-care buildings. Creative activities within health-care services are also undertaken by medical professionals and patients. Key functions that creative activities address are innovation and service delivery in information management and analysis, and making complex information comprehensible or more useful, assisting communication and reducing psycho-social and distance-mediated barriers, and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of services.
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Wilton, Paula, and Richard D. Smith. "Budget-holding: The answer to Australian primary care reform?" Australian Health Review 22, no. 3 (1999): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah990078.
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In common with other Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)countries, Australia is experiencing growth in expenditure on health care. However, while many other nations continue to pursue some variation of managed competition to address these problems, Australia has chosen a more incremental reform path, with initiatives such as the General Practice Strategy, restrictions in doctor supply and coordinated care trials. This article reviews the likely effectiveness of such initiatives in the light of experience and evidence of budget-holding in achieving similar objectives overseas. It concludes that budget-holding offers a more effective strategy than current 'piecemeal' reforms to contain costs and increase efficiency within Australian health care.
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Hillen, Jodie B., Agnes Vitry, and Gillian E. Caughey. "Medication-related quality of care in residential aged care: an Australian experience." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 31, no. 4 (May 1, 2019): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzy164.
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Abstract Objective To describe medication-related quality of care (MRQOC) for Australian aged care residents. Design Retrospective cohort using an administrative healthcare claims database. Setting Australian residential aged care. Participants A total of 17 672 aged care residents who were alive at 1 January 2013 and had been a permanent resident for at least 3 months. Main outcome measures Overall, 23 evidence-based MRQOC indicators which assessed the use of appropriate medications in chronic disease, exposure to high-risk medications and access to collaborative health services. Results Key findings included underuse of recommended cardiovascular medications, such as the use of statins in cardiovascular disease (56.1%). Overuse of high-risk medications was detected for medications associated with falls (73.5%), medications with moderate to strong anticholinergic properties (46.1%), benzodiazepines (41.4%) and antipsychotics (33.2%). Collaborative health services such as medication reviews were underutilised (42.6%). Conclusion MRQOC activities in this population should be targeted at monitoring and reducing exposure to antipsychotics and benzodiazepines, improving the use of preventative medications for cardiovascular disease and improving access to collaborative health services. Similarity of suboptimal MRQOC between Australia and other countries (UK, USA, Canada and Belgium) presents an opportunity for an internationally collaborative approach to improving care for aged care residents.
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Ward, Michael. "Health, health care and healing: introduction to the Festschrift for Professor Ken Donald." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080301.
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THE CITATION for Ken Donald?s recent and well deserved award of an Order of Australia reads ?For service to medicine as an academic and administrator, particularly as a contributor in the fields of pathology and community health?. A true enough statement but hardly sufficient for such a diverse career and lifetime of contributions in so many different fields. In this issue of Australian Health Review we include a collection of papers to honour Professor Donald.
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Spencer, Les. "The Expanding Role of Clinical Sociology in Australia." Journal of Applied Social Science 3, no. 2 (September 2009): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193672440900300205.
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This paper introduces clinical sociology as a humanistic, multidisciplinary specialty seeking to improve the quality of people's lives. It traces the emergence of clinical sociology in the United States in 1931, and in Australia in the late 1950s in the context of the pioneering clinical sociology research into social transformation at Australian society's margins by Neville Yeomans. A contemporary illustration is given demonstrating how a biopyschosocial model of health is now being implemented as world best-evidence-based practice within the Australian health care delivery system. Further arguments, citing national and international evidence based on sociotherapeutic models of intervention, support a proposal for the Australian Sociology Association to engage in dialogues with health care agencies with the view of establishing clinical sociologists as an integral part of the Australian health-care delivery system.
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Banfield, Michelle A., Karen L. Gardner, Laurann E. Yen, Ian S. McRae, James A. Gillespie, and Robert W. Wells. "Coordination of care in Australian mental health policy." Australian Health Review 36, no. 2 (2012): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11049.
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Objective. To review Australian mental health initiatives involving coordination of care. Methods. Commonwealth government websites were systematically searched for mental health policy documents. Database searches were also conducted using the terms ‘coordination’ or ‘integration’ and ‘mental health’ or ‘mental illness’ and ‘Australia’. We assessed the extent to which informational, relational and management continuity have been addressed in three example programs. Results. The lack of definition of coordination at the policy level reduces opportunities for developing actionable and measurable programs. Of the 51 mental health initiatives identified, the three examples studied all demonstrated some use of the dimensions of continuity to facilitate coordination. However, problems with funding, implementation, evaluation and competing agendas between key stakeholders were barriers to improving coordination. Conclusions. Coordination is possible and can improve both relationships between providers and care provided. However, clear leadership, governance and funding structures are needed to manage the challenges encountered, and evaluation using appropriate outcome measures, structured to assess the elements of continuity, is necessary to detect improvements in coordination. What is known about the topic? The issues of integration of services and coordination of care have been a part of the National Mental Health Strategy documents for almost 20 years, but reports and evaluations continually note a lack of solid progress on these reforms. What does this paper add? This paper examines how the key elements of continuity that underpin coordination have been addressed in three examples of Australian mental health initiatives aimed at improving integration and coordination. What are the implications for practitioners? Coordination of care for mental health is possible and can improve both relationships between providers and care provided, but attention should be paid to the role of informational, relationship and management continuity in program design and implementation.
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King, Shannon C., Amanda L. Rebar, Paul Oliveri, and Robert Stanton. "Australian paramedic students’ mental health literacy and attitudes towards mental health." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 17, no. 1 (October 11, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-03-2021-0027.
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Purpose Australian paramedics regularly encounter patients experiencing mental illness. However, some paramedics hold negative attitudes towards the use of emergency services in providing care for these patients. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the mental health literacy (MHL) of Australian paramedic students, and the training and experiential factors associated with MHL. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional online survey was delivered to paramedic students across Australia. A total of 94 paramedic students completed the survey examining MHL, mental health first aid (MHFA) intentions, confidence in providing help, personal and perceived stigma and willingness to interact with a person experiencing mental illness. Findings Participants generally had poor MHFA intentions in spite of good recognition of mental health disorders and good knowledge about mental health. Participants also demonstrated low stigmatising attitudes towards mental illness; however, they expressed a lack of willingness to interact with a person experiencing mental illness. Originality/value Our findings propose a combination of work-based experience and specific MHFA training may be beneficial to paramedic students to improve care for patients experiencing mental illness.
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Woollard, Keith V., and Evan W. Ackermann. "The Quality in Australian Health Care Study." Medical Journal of Australia 164, no. 5 (March 1996): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94205.x.
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Mooney, Gavin H. "The people principle in Australian health care." Medical Journal of Australia 189, no. 3 (August 2008): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01956.x.
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Deeble, John S. "Reforming Australian health care: the first instalment." Medical Journal of Australia 192, no. 9 (May 2010): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03610.x.
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Austin, Marie‐Paule V., Philippa F. Middleton, and Nicole J. Highet. "Australian mental health reform for perinatal care." Medical Journal of Australia 195, no. 3 (August 2011): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03236.x.
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Wilson, Ross McL, William B. Runciman, Robert W. Gibberd, Bernadette T. Harrison, Liza Newby, and John D. Hamilton. "The Quality in Australian Health Care Study." Medical Journal of Australia 163, no. 9 (November 1995): 458–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb124691.x.
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Cerasa, Debra. "Australian health care: closing the service gap." Nursing Management 18, no. 8 (November 30, 2011): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nm2011.12.18.8.16.c8840.
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Ban, Elizabeth. "Getting a fix on Australian health care." Nature Medicine 2, no. 8 (August 1996): 840–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0896-840.
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Malik, Arunima, Manfred Lenzen, Scott McAlister, and Forbes McGain. "The carbon footprint of Australian health care." Lancet Planetary Health 2, no. 1 (January 2018): e27-e35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30180-8.
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