Journal articles on the topic 'Australian emerging adults'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Australian emerging adults.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Australian emerging adults.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Shagar, Pravina Santhira, Caroline L. Donovan, Jennifer Boddy, Caley Tapp, Patricia Lee, and Neil Harris. "Body Dissatisfaction, Weight-Related Behaviours, and Health Behaviours: A Comparison Between Australian and Malaysian in Female Emerging Adults." Behaviour Change 38, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2021.9.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe presence of body dissatisfaction (BD) in non-Western countries is an important area of empirical enquiry. The results reflect collectivistic and individualistic cultures of Malaysians and Australians, respectively, whereby social approval, social acceptance, and cultural values are of high importance to Malaysians compared with the more liberal attitudes of Australians with respect to health behaviours. This study sought to compare: (1) Australian and Malaysian women on BD, thin ideal internalisation, sociocultural influences, problematic weight-related behaviours, and health behaviours; and (2) the degree to which BD is associated with health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and sexual behaviours) across the two cultures. Participants were 428 Australian females and 402 Malaysian females aged 18–25 years old. Australians had higher BD, thin ideal internalisation, family and media influences, restrained eating, and poorer health behaviours, while Malaysians had higher peer influence. There was no difference for bulimic behaviours across the two countries. BD was found to have an association with use of drugs, smoking, and sexual behaviours among Malaysian women, but not for Australian participants. The permeation of Western standards of the thin ideal due to increased industrialisation, Westernisation, and modernisation has brought about bulimic behaviours in Malaysian women, similar to that of Australian women.
2
Moores, Carly J., Liang Ke, Rebecca S. Mason, Timothy P. Gill, Elias Mpofu, Jacky Ho, Michael J. Dibley, and Kaye E. Brock. "Body Mass Index Increases With Ageing and Risk Factors for Overweight/Obesity in a Representative Macau Population." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 31, no. 2 (March 2019): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539519836535.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate trends of body mass index (BMI) with age in westernizing Macau and to make comparisons with Australian data. A representative random sample (n = 1406, 18-93 years, 55% female) from Macau was recruited in 2012. The Australian sample was extracted from the Australian Health Survey 2011-2012 (n = 7958, 18 to ≥85 years, 52% female). BMI in Australians was greater than Macanese, mean difference 4.4 kg/m2 ( P < .001). While BMI increases steadily with ageing in each population, the plateau for Macau subjects appears 5 to 10 years earlier than Australians. Prevalence of overweight/obesity in young Macanese adults (18-40 years) was 25% (men) and 22% (women), with the greatest increase in BMI from age 25 to 39 years and 24 to 45 years in men and women, respectively. BMI shifts in younger Macanese men and women, which may reflect emerging lifestyle and nutrition transitions, are a future population health concern in Macau.
3
Bull, CM, and I. Williamson. "Population ecology of the Australian frog Crinia signifera: adults and juveniles." Wildlife Research 23, no. 3 (1996): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960249.
Full textAbstract:
A population of the common Australian frog Crinia signifera Girard, 1853 was studied over a 3.5 year period at a site near Bridgewater in South Australia. In this population, C. signifera are long lived and iteroparous, with some individual males and females participating in at least four consecutive breeding seasons. Adult survivorship was high (up to about 70% per annum) for both males and females. Metamorphosis occurred from October to January and some individuals reached maturity within a year. However, most individuals reached maturity in the second breeding season following metamorphosis. Survival of juveniles ranged from 5 to 72% per annum, with individuals emerging early having higher survival than those that metamorphosed late. However, it was not clear whether increased survival was associated with early emergence or large size at emergence. The data support the argument that iteroparity is favoured in situations in which preadult mortality is higher and less predictable than adult mortality.
4
Powell, Anastasia. "Configuring Consent: Emerging Technologies, Unauthorized Sexual Images and Sexual Assault." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 43, no. 1 (April 2010): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.43.1.76.
Full textAbstract:
Contemporary teens and young adults, often collectively referred to as the .NET generation or the ‘digital generation’, represent the largest proportion of end-users in the information and communication technologies market (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2007; Australian Communications and Media Authority [ACMA], 2007, 2008). While there is much written concerning the rise in pornographic and other sexual material via the internet and mobile phones there is comparatively little published work regarding the use of information and communication technologies for the distribution of unauthorised sexual images, more particularly, where a sexual assault has occurred. This article considers the issues raised by the use of information and communication technologies in sexual violence and the distribution of unauthorised sexual images. The implications of this emerging issue are considered in light of existing and potential legislative frameworks.
5
Morgan, David L., Stephen J. Beatty, Paul G. Close, Mark G. Allen, Peter J. Unmack, Michael P. Hammer, and Mark Adams. "Resolving the taxonomy, range and ecology of biogeographically isolated and critically endangered populations of an Australian freshwater galaxiid, Galaxias truttaceus." Pacific Conservation Biology 22, no. 4 (2016): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc15043.
Full textAbstract:
The spotted galaxias (or trout minnow), Galaxias truttaceus, is a species that is restricted to south-western and south-eastern Australia, but there has long been conjecture as to whether the geographically and Critically Endangered Western Australian populations represent a subspecies (Galaxias truttaceus hesperius). We provide evidence that Western Australian populations, on the basis of a combination of genetic, geographic and ecological criteria, should be considered an evolutionary significant unit, which merits management as a high conservation priority. Substructure at nuclear and matrilineal genetic markers is not suggestive of species-level divergence, but rather of discrete western and eastern Australian subpopulations with limited contemporary gene flow. In contrast to many eastern populations that are diadromous, all western populations are potamodromous. Adults live and spawn in riverine habitats and larvae drift downstream to coastal lakes, where they spend several months, before undertaking a distinct upstream recruitment migration as juveniles to colonise riverine habitats. Instream barriers that disconnect riverine and lentic habitats restrict distributional range and presumably affect reproductive success of Western Australian populations. Conserving the remaining populations in Western Australia will require ongoing efforts to reduce the impact of emerging threats, particularly those related to instream barriers, introduced species and reductions in water quantity and quality.
6
Lystad, Reidar P., Diana Fajardo Pulido, Lorna Peters, Melissa Johnstone, Louise A. Ellis, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Viviana Wuthrich, Janaki Amin, Cate M. Cameron, and Rebecca J. Mitchell. "Monitoring Health and Well-Being in Emerging Adults: Protocol for a Pilot Longitudinal Cohort Study." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 4 (April 23, 2020): e16108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16108.
Full textAbstract:
Background Emerging adulthood is a unique segment of an individual’s life course. The defining features of this transitional period include identity exploration, instability, future possibilities, self-focus, and feeling in-between adolescence and adulthood, all of which are thought to affect quality of life, health, and well-being. A longitudinal cohort study with a comprehensive set of measures would be a unique and valuable resource for improving the understanding of the multi-faceted elements and unique challenges that contribute to the health and well-being of emerging adults. Objective The main aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of recruiting university graduates to establish a longitudinal cohort study to inform our understanding of emerging adulthood. Methods This is a pilot longitudinal cohort study of Australian university graduates. It will involve collecting information via online surveys (baseline and 12-month follow-up) and data linkage with health records. Recruitment, response, and retention rates will be calculated. Descriptive analysis of the representativeness of recruited participants and completeness of survey responses will be conducted. Results Participant recruitment was completed in October 2018, and data collection for the baseline and follow-up surveys was completed in November 2019. As of April 2020, the process of acquiring health records from administrative data collections has commenced. Conclusions The findings from this pilot study will identify areas for improvement and inform the development of a future longitudinal cohort study of emerging adults. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001364268; https://tinyurl.com/teec8wh International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/16108
7
Sheppard, Samantha, Michelle Hood, and Peter A. Creed. "An Identity Control Theory Approach to Managing Career Identity in Emerging Adults." Emerging Adulthood 8, no. 5 (February 14, 2019): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167696819830484.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging adulthood provides an extended period during which potential career identities can be explored and feedback obtained before making a commitment. We tested an identity control theory model of the self-regulatory responses that emerging adults might make to negative feedback regarding their career identity. We surveyed 335 Australian emerging adults (mean age 19.28 years; 64% male) on negative career-related feedback, career-related goal discrepancy, career-related distress, career exploration, and identity defense. Consistent with theory, we found that more negative feedback was associated with greater perceived discrepancy between career goals and progress being made, which, in turn, was associated with greater distress. Distress was related to self-regulatory outcomes of identity defense and career exploration. The relationship was stronger for identity defense than for exploration. While defending might enable the current identity standard to be preserved, it might not be the most suitable response when the career goals are unsuitable or unobtainable.
8
Howard, Dominika, Bianca Klettke, Elizabeth Clancy, and Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz. "What are you looking at? Body image esteem and sexting behaviors among emerging Australian adults." Computers in Human Behavior 124 (November 2021): 106915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106915.
Full text
9
Vorage, Lieke, Nicola Wiseman, Joana Graca, and Neil Harris. "The Association of Demographic Characteristics and Food Choice Motives with the Consumption of Functional Foods in Emerging Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 2582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092582.
Full textAbstract:
The functional food market is one of the fastest growing segments of the global food industry. The aims of this study were to understand the association of demographic characteristics and food choice motives (FCMs) with (a) attitudes toward functional foods and (b) consumption of functional foods in Australian emerging adults. Data were collected through a paper-based and online questionnaire completed by 370 young adults aged between 17 and 29 years. A binomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with attitudes towards functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(11) = 48.310 (p < 0.001) and explained 18.1% of the variance in attitude towards functional food. Of the several predictors, only the FCMs natural content and weight control were statistically significant. A binomial logistic regression was also used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with the consumption of functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(9) = 37.499 (p < 0.001) and explained 14.1% of the variance in functional food consumption. Of the eight predictors, three were statistically significant: living situation, natural content and health. Findings highlight that when targeting emerging adults, functional food companies could benefit from promoting the natural and health properties of their products. Furthermore, consumption can be increased by targeting the parents of emerging adults and by designing functional foods that attract emerging adults interested in controlling weight.
10
Bagatini, Simone Radavelli, Marc Sim, Lauren Blekkenhorst, Nicola Bondonno, Catherine Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Joanne Dickson, et al. "Associations of Specific Types of Fruit and Vegetables with Perceived Stress in Adults: The AusDiab Study." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.063.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives Prolonged exposure to stress is a risk factor for mental and physical health problems (i.e., depression, cardiovascular disease). Although higher consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) has been associated with lower perceived stress (PS), the relationship between specific FV types and PS remains uncertain. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between consumption of specific FV types with PS in a cohort of men and women aged 25–92 years who took part in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) Study. Methods A validated Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake (n = 8,640). A validated questionnaire was used to assess PS (high PS cut-offs were obtained from the highest quartile of PS for each sex). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was performed to investigate the associations. Results The mean age of participants (50.1% females) was 47.8 (SD 15) years. Those in the highest quartiles of apples and pears, orange and other citrus, and banana intakes had a significantly lower odds (24–31%) of having high PS, compared to lowest. Similarly, those with higher intakes of cruciferous, yellow/orange/red, and legume vegetables had significantly lower odds (25–27%) of having high PS. Conclusions In Australian adults, a higher consumption of different types of FV may alleviate stress and potentially improve mental and physical wellbeing. Funding Sources This study received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. The salary of MS and CPB is supported by a Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation Career Advancement Fellowship. The salary of LCB is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant and a National Heart Foundation of Australia Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship. The salary of JRL is supported by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Future Leader Fellowship. The salary of JMH is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Senior Research Fellowship. The salary of JES is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant. None of the funding agencies had any role in any aspects of the manuscript.
11
Miller, Caroline, Kerry Ettridge, Melanie Wakefield, Simone Pettigrew, John Coveney, David Roder, Sarah Durkin, Gary Wittert, Jane Martin, and Joanne Dono. "An In-Depth Exploration of Knowledge and Beliefs Associated with Soda and Diet Soda Consumption." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092841.
Full textAbstract:
The need to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is widely accepted, but whether artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) are a recommended alternative is a growing policy issue because of emerging evidence of potential health effects associated with excess consumption. This study aimed to establish the extent of the Australian population’s knowledge of the risks associated with consuming SSBs (e.g., soda) and ASBs (e.g., diet soda), which is essential for identifying which facets of knowledge to target with public health interventions. A national computer-assisted telephone survey of 3430 Australian adults was conducted in 2017. The survey included a range of measures to test associations between SSB and ASB knowledge and beliefs, demographic characteristics, and soda and diet soda consumption. Participants had an overall awareness that there were health risks associated with SSB and ASB consumption, but they lacked more detailed knowledge of health effects and nutritional composition of these drinks. These knowledge gaps are concerning given that SSBs and ASBs are consumed in large quantities in Australia. Public health interventions targeting consumers’ limited knowledge and perceptions of health risks associated with excess sugar, calorie intake and artificial sweeteners are essential in reducing the health burden of obesity.
12
Teng, Emmelin, Anthony Venning, Helen Winefield, and Shona Crabb. "Half Full or Half Empty: The Measurement of Mental Health and Mental Illness in Emerging Australian Adults." Social Inquiry into Well-Being 1, no. 1 (August 14, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.13165/siiw-15-1-1-01.
Full textAbstract:
Narrow approaches to the conceptualisation and measurement of ‘mental health’ are regularly but inconsistently adopted in research and practice. For example, an exclusive focus on the identification of mental illness or mental wellbeing runs the risk of failing to detect individuals with low or high levels of the other, and does nothing to represent an individual’s level of complete mental health (i.e., taking both mental wellbeing and illness into account). The current study compared three approaches to the measurement of mental health regularly applied in the literature - an exclusive mental wellbeing / an exclusive mental illness / and a complete mental health approach – to determine if they produce similar outcomes. South Australian emerging adults were recruited (N=117; M=24.4 years, SD=0.75) and categorised into four mental health groups according to the Complete State Model (CSM; Keyes & Lopez, 2002) of mental health: flourishing (complete mental health), languishing or struggling (incomplete mental health or illness), or floundering (complete mental illness) and categories were compared. Results showed that the ‘mental health’ of the sample differed depending on the measurement approach used, and lend support to a complete mental health approach to better inform, develop, and target health promotion strategies.
13
Powell, Anastasia, and Nicola Henry. "Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence Victimization: Results From an Online Survey of Australian Adults." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 17 (October 3, 2016): 3637–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516672055.
Full textAbstract:
Online forms of sexual harassment and abuse as experienced by adults represent an emerging yet under-researched set of behaviors, such that very few studies have sought to estimate the extent of the problem. This article presents the results of an online survey of 2,956 Australian adult (aged 18 to 54 years) experiences of technology-facilitated sexual violence (TFSV) victimization. The prevalence of TFSV was analyzed in relation to a 21-item scale developed in accordance with prior conceptual research identifying multiple dimensions of TFSV including digital sexual harassment, image-based sexual abuse, sexual aggression and/or coercion, and, gender and/or sexuality-based harassment (including virtual sexual violence). Results revealed significant differences in lifetime TFSV victimization for younger (18-24) and non-heterosexual identifying adults. Lifetime TFSV victimization for men and women was not significantly different, though women were more likely to report sexual harassment victimization and men were more likely to report victimization through the distribution of non-consensual images, as well as gender and/or sexuality-based harassment. The authors conclude that although women and men report experiencing similar overall prevalence of TFSV victimization, the nature and impacts of those experiences differ in particular gendered ways that reflect broader patterns in both gender relations and “offline” sexual harassment.
14
Gay, Jessica, Peter Richard Gill, and Denise Corboy. "Parental and peer influences on emerging adult problem gambling: Does exposure to problem gambling reduce stigmatizing perceptions and increase vulnerability?" Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 33 (August 1, 2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2016.33.3.
Full textAbstract:
Research has identified 18 to 30 years olds as the biggest spenders on gambling activities, with significantly higher prevalence of gambling problems than other age groups. Identifying the factors that influence the development of gambling problems in young people is important for guiding prevention strategies. This study aimed to analyse how emerging adult problem gambling is influenced by the people around them. In particular, we explored whether perceived parental and peer problem gambling predicted emerging adult problem gambling, and whether reduced gambling self-stigma mediated these relationships. A community sample of 188 Australian gamblers aged 18 to 29 (M = 21.41, SD = 2.99) completed three versions of the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) and the Gambling Perception Scale. Results indicated that perceived parental and peer gambling were positively related to emerging adult problem gambling. While reduced gambling helping stigma was related to higher problem gambling, stigma did not mediate the links between significant others' gambling and emerging adult problem gambling. We conclude that social influences are important in the development of problem gambling for young people, and that older male emerging adults who have a gambling mother are at most risk of problem gambling.
15
Seymour, Kathryn. "Editorial." Queensland Review 24, no. 1 (June 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2017.2.
Full textAbstract:
This special issue of the Queensland Review is devoted to exploring the conceptual and practical implications of bold new Queensland research on youth development programs that has genuine global relevance. The articles in this issue, from leading and emerging Australian and international scholars and practitioners, explore and unfold the different dimensions of this Queensland research for an Australian and global audience of youth researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and general readers. By bringing scholars together with paid and volunteer practitioners to contribute to this special issue, Queensland Review takes a unique approach to exploring youth programs. The independent practitioner voice — especially the volunteer practitioner voice — is largely absent from the scholarly forum, and this issue brings aspects of practitioners’ anecdotal and evidential work to the fore. The articles enable practitioners to share with us how they experience and understand their work with young people, other practitioners and communities. Overall, the scholarly and practitioner contributors to this issue of Queensland Review explore key questions and challenges inherent in the work adults do with children and young adults in youth programs designed to foster their positive development.
16
Lystad, Reidar P., Diana Fajardo Pulido, Lorna Peters, Melissa Johnstone, Louise A. Ellis, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Viviana Wuthrich, Janaki Amin, Cate M. Cameron, and Rebecca J. Mitchell. "Feasibility of Monitoring Health and Well-being in Emerging Adults: Pilot Longitudinal Cohort Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): e30027. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30027.
Full textAbstract:
Background Emerging adulthood is a distinct segment of an individual’s life course. The defining features of this transitional period include identity exploration, instability, future possibilities, self-focus, and feeling in-between, all of which are thought to affect quality of life, health, and well-being. A longitudinal cohort study with a comprehensive set of measures would be a valuable resource for improving the understanding of the multifaceted elements and unique challenges that contribute to the health and well-being of emerging adults. Objective The main aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of recruiting university graduates to establish a longitudinal cohort study to inform the understanding of emerging adulthood. Methods This pilot study was conducted among graduates at a large university. It involved collecting web-based survey data at baseline (ie, graduation) and 12 months post baseline, and linking survey responses to health records from administrative data collections. The feasibility outcome measures of interest included the recruitment rate, response rate, retention rate, data linkage opt-out rate, and availability of linked health records. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the representativeness of the sample, completeness of the survey responses, and data linkage characteristics. Results Only 2.8% of invited graduates (238/8532) agreed to participate in this pilot cohort study, of whom 59.7% (142/238) responded to the baseline survey. The retention rate between the baseline and follow-up surveys was 69.7% (99/142). The completeness of the surveys was excellent, with the proportion of answered questions in each survey domain ranging from 87.3% to 100% in both the baseline and follow-up surveys. The data linkage opt-out rate was 32.4% (77/238). Conclusions The overall recruitment rate was poor, while the completeness of survey responses among respondents ranged from good to excellent. There was reasonable acceptability for conducting data linkage of health records from administrative data collections and survey responses. This pilot study offers insights and recommendations for future research aiming to establish a longitudinal cohort study to investigate health and well-being in emerging adults. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number ACTRN12618001364268; https://tinyurl.com/teec8wh International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/16108
17
Jamieson, L. E., A. Chhagan, and C. Curtis. "Seasonal phenology of Australian citrus whitefly (Orchamoplatus citri) in New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4787.
Full textAbstract:
Australian citrus whitefly (ACWF) was first detected in Auckland in 2000 It has since spread to Kerikeri Gisborne and Bay of Plenty where it causes sooty mould problems and possibly reduction in fruit colour and tree health issues The seasonal phenology of ACWF life stages and presence of natural enemies were assessed in citrus orchards in Kerikeri Auckland and Gisborne ACWF overwintered as a fourth instar/pupal stage In Kerikeri and Auckland the main adult emergence period was midOctober to January with distinct periods when each immature life stage was present In March a small percentage of the fourth instar/pupal population emerged as adults while the remainder overwintered before emerging the following spring Clear and distinct periods when eggs crawlers and nymphal stages were present were not seen in Gisborne No parasitoids emerged from sampled ACWF and none of the predators collected in this survey appeared have any significant impact on the high ACWF populations observed
18
Prior, Katrina, Elske Salemink, Reinout W. Wiers, Bethany A. Teachman, Monique Piggott, Nicola C. Newton, Maree Teesson, et al. "A Web-Based Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention (Re-train Your Brain) for Emerging Adults With Co-occurring Social Anxiety and Hazardous Alcohol Use: Protocol for a Multiarm Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): e28667. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/28667.
Full textAbstract:
Background Alcohol use and anxiety disorders commonly co-occur, resulting in a more severe clinical presentation and poorer response to treatment. Research has shown that approach bias modification (ApBM) and interpretation bias modification (IBM) cognitive retraining interventions can be efficacious adjunctive treatments that improve outcomes for alcohol use and social anxiety, respectively. However, the acceptability, feasibility, and clinical utility of combining ApBM and IBM programs to optimize treatments among comorbid samples are unknown. It is also unclear whether integrating ApBM and IBM within each training session or alternating them between each session is more acceptable and efficacious. Objective This paper describes the protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial investigating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the Re-train Your Brain intervention—an adjunct web-based ApBM+IBM program—among a clinical sample of emerging adults with hazardous alcohol use and social anxiety. Methods The study involves a three-arm randomized controlled pilot trial in which treatment-seeking emerging adults (18-30 years) with co-occurring hazardous alcohol use and social anxiety will be individually randomized to receive the Re-train Your Brain integrated program, delivered with 10 biweekly sessions focusing on both social anxiety and alcohol each week, plus treatment as usual (TAU; ie, the model of care provided in accordance with standard practice at their service; n=30); the Re-train Your Brain alternating program, delivered with 10 biweekly sessions focusing on social anxiety one week and alcohol the next week, plus TAU (n=30); or TAU only (n=30). Primary outcomes include feasibility (uptake, follow-up rates, treatment adherence, attrition, and adverse events) and acceptability (system usability, client satisfaction, user experience, and training format preference). Secondary efficacy outcomes include changes in alcohol approach and interpretation biases, social anxiety, and alcohol use (eg, drinks per day, binge drinking, drinking motives, severity of dependence, and cravings). The primary end point will be posttreatment (6 weeks postbaseline), with a secondary end point at 3 months postbaseline. Descriptive statistics will be conducted for primary outcomes, whereas intention-to-treat, multilevel mixed effects analysis for repeated measures will be performed for secondary outcomes. Results This study is funded from 2019 to 2023 by Australian Rotary Health. Recruitment is expected to be completed by mid-2022 to late 2022, with follow-ups completed by early 2023. Conclusions This study will be the first to evaluate whether an ApBM+IBM program is acceptable to treatment-seeking, emerging adults and whether it can be feasibly delivered via the web, in settings where it will ultimately be used (eg, at home). The findings will broaden our understanding of the types of programs that emerging adults will engage with and whether the program may be an efficacious treatment option for this comorbidity. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620001273976; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364131 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/28667
19
Santhira Shagar, Pravina, Caroline L. Donovan, Jennifer Boddy, Caley Tapp, and Neil Harris. "Does culture moderate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and quality of life? A comparative study of Australian and Malaysian emerging adults." Health Psychology Open 8, no. 1 (January 2021): 205510292110183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551029211018378.
Full textAbstract:
Investigating moderating effects of culture between body dissatisfaction (BD) and quality of life (QoL) is paramount, as BD affects psychosocial functioning. Participants include 866 females (18–25) years old from Australia ( n = 464) M (20.88) SD (3.38) and Malaysia ( n = 402) M (20.63) SD (2.05). Higher levels of BD predicted lower levels of QoL across all four domains. BD had the strongest effect on psychological QoL for both cultures. Culture moderated the relationship between BD and: (i) physical QoL and (ii) environmental QoL. The adverse impact of BD on all domains of QoL, highlights the importance of BD as a public health problem.
20
Molenaar, Annika, Tammie S. T. Choi, Linda Brennan, Mike Reid, Megan S. C. Lim, Helen Truby, and Tracy A. McCaffrey. "Language of Health of Young Australian Adults: A Qualitative Exploration of Perceptions of Health, Wellbeing and Health Promotion via Online Conversations." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12040887.
Full textAbstract:
Young adults (YA) are in a critical stage of life for the encouragement of healthy behaviours such as healthy eating and exercising. This research explored Australian YA values and perceptions related to health, healthy behaviours and health promotion efforts. This qualitative analysis involved n = 166, Australian 18–24 year-olds recruited through a market research field house. Participants (63% currently studying at tertiary level) engaged in a facilitated in-depth online conversation around health and healthy eating over four weeks. LeximancerTM and manual inductive thematic coding were utilised for analysis via the lens of emerging adulthood and health communication theories. Health was seen as multi-faceted, with particular importance placed on mental health and exercise. Some participants focussed on physical appearance, often fuelled by comparison to others. Many believed that at their age and health status, adopting health-enhancing behaviours without short-term tangible benefits was not a priority. Participants did not prioritise health-enhancing behaviours due to barriers such as a perceived lack of money, knowledge and time often due to studying or working and perceived effort. Strategies they proposed to encourage healthy eating included: incentivising healthy food; quick and affordable healthy recipes; and communicating the short-term tangible benefits of healthy behaviours. There is a need for focussed health messaging that address the needs and desires of YA and directly address the barriers they face.
21
David, Jennifer L., Samantha L. Thomas, Melanie Randle, Hannah Pitt, and Mike Daube. "Parent and child perceptions of gambling promotions in Australian sport." Health Promotion International 35, no. 2 (April 14, 2019): 362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz028.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Gambling is recognized as a significant public health problem. However, there is little research exploring community attitudes towards gambling and the development of advocacy initiatives. Engaging adults and young people in advocacy efforts is recognized as being beneficial to the successful implementation of harm prevention and reduction strategies. This study explored the attitudes of young people and their parents towards the alignment of gambling with sport, and the strategies they perceive could be used to prevent and reduce gambling related harm. Using a Constructivist Grounded Theory approach, 30 family groups from Melbourne, Australia participated in semi-structured interviews. Parents and young people were asked about gambling and its promotion, alignment with sporting codes, the potential impact on young people and strategies that may prevent or reduce gambling harm. Thematic analysis was undertaken to interpret the data. The sample comprised 29 parents, one grandparent and 48 young people. Themes emerging from the data related to the use of imagery and appeal strategies in advertisements, the normalization of betting in advertisements and the alignment of betting with sport. Parents and young people also identified a number of potential gambling harm prevention and reduction initiatives. Parents and young people were able to describe a range of strategies used by gambling companies to promote their products, understand the potential impact of these strategies, and recommend strategies to reduce harm. Given this level of understanding there is clearly an opportunity to engage young people and stakeholders in advocacy initiatives aimed at reducing and preventing gambling harm.
22
Ding, Ding, Kris Rogers, Hidde van der Ploeg, Emmanuel Stamatakis, and Adrian E. Bauman. "Traditional and Emerging Lifestyle Risk Behaviors and All-Cause Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Evidence from a Large Population-Based Australian Cohort." PLOS Medicine 12, no. 12 (December 8, 2015): e1001917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001917.
Full text
23
Lee, Megan Frances, Ryan Eather, and Talitha Best. "Plant-based dietary quality and depressive symptoms in Australian vegans and vegetarians: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health 4, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000332.
Full textAbstract:
Plant-based dietary patterns (vegan and vegetarian) are often considered ‘healthy’ and have been associated with broad health benefits, including decreased risk of obesity and ill health (cardiovascular disease, blood glucose and type II diabetes). However, the association between plant-based diets and mood disorders such as depression remains largely equivocal. This cross-sectional study of 219 adults aged 18–44 (M=31.22, SD=7.40) explored the associations between an estimate of overall plant-based diet quality and depression in vegans (n=165) and vegetarians (n=54). Overall plant-based diet quality was associated with depressive symptoms in vegans and vegetarians F(1, 215)=13.71, p<0.001 accounting for 6% of the variation in depressive symptoms. For those without depression, higher diet quality was protective against depressive symptoms F(1, 125)=6.49, p=0.012. Conversely, for those with depression no association with diet quality was found F(1, 89)=0.01, p=0.963. These findings suggest that a high-quality plant-based diet may be protective against depressive symptoms in vegans and vegetarians. In line with emerging research between food and mental health, higher-quality dietary patterns are associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms. Given the rapidly increasing rate of vegan and vegetarian food products within Australia, understanding the potential mechanisms of effects through which a plant-based diet may influence depressive symptoms is required.
24
van Uffelen, Jannique G. Z., Kristiann C. Heesch, and Wendy Brown. "Correlates of Sitting Time in Working Age Australian Women: Who Should Be Targeted With Interventions to Decrease Sitting Time?" Journal of Physical Activity and Health 9, no. 2 (February 2012): 270–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.2.270.
Full textAbstract:
Background:While there is emerging evidence that sedentary behavior is negatively associated with health risk, research on the correlates of sitting time in adults is scarce.Methods:Self-report data from 7724 women born between 1973–1978 and 8198 women born between 1946–1951 were collected as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Linear regression models were computed to examine whether demographic, family and caring duties, time use, health, and health behavior variables were associated with weekday sitting time.Results:Mean sitting time (SD) was 6.60 (3.32) hours/day for the 1973–1978 cohort and 5.70 (3.04) hours/day for the 1946–1951 cohort. Indicators of socioeconomic advantage, such as full-time work and skilled occupations in both cohorts and university education in the mid-age cohort, were associated with high sitting time. A cluster of ‘healthy behaviors’ was associated with lower sitting time in the mid-aged women (moderate/high physical activity levels, nonsmoking, nondrinking). For both cohorts, sitting time was highest in women in full-time work, in skilled occupations, and in those who spent the most time in passive leisure.Conclusions:The results suggest that, in young and mid-aged women, interventions for reducing sitting time should focus on both occupational and leisure-time sitting.
25
MacLachlan Sedger, Andrew Kenneth, and Karl Kilian Konrad Wiener. "Is Meaningful Work a Stronger Predictor of Innovation Than Transformational Leadership?" World Journal of Business and Management 7, no. 2 (August 21, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/wjbm.v7i2.18090.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: Innovation is recognised as a key driver of business and economic growth. However, many organisations struggle to implement or encourage innovation successfully. A number of factors, including the demonstration of transformational leadership, have been examined in encouraging innovation behaviour among employees. ‘Meaningful work’ is seen as an additional factor influencing innovation but has received little attention in this field. Design: Drawing on both an emerging body of research on meaningful work and a leading model of creativity and innovation in organisations, this exploratory study of 100 Australian adult employees investigated the additional predictive value of both meaningful work and transformational leadership on innovation behavior.Findings: Results showed that meaningful work was positively correlated with, and predicted, innovation, while transformational leadership did not contribute to innovative behaviour. Implications:This finding has implications for organisations fostering innovation by helping them better understand the impact meaningful work could have on their innovation objectives.Originality:This is one of the first studies examining the relationship between innovation, meaningful work, and transformational leadership in a population of employed adults.
26
Broadley, Simon A., Michael H. Barnett, Mike Boggild, Bruce J. Brew, Helmut Butzkueven, Robert Heard, Suzanne Hodgkinson, et al. "Therapeutic approaches to disease modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis in adults: An Australian and New Zealand perspective Part 2 New and emerging therapies and their efficacy." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 21, no. 11 (November 2014): 1847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2014.01.018.
Full text
27
Oxley, Jennifer, David B. Logan, Selby Coxon, and Sjaan Koppel. "Understanding Current and Future Transport Needs of Older Australian Drivers to Guide Development of Sustainable and Smart Initiatives to Support Safe Mobility of Older Adults." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 13, 2022): 5906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105906.
Full textAbstract:
Access to adequate and appropriate transport options enables older people to continue as thriving community participants, to reach services and to maintain social connections. While transport needs are diverse, and tend to change over time, there is little information on current and future transport patterns, and the awareness, acceptance and adoption of new technologies. A national online survey was administered to current drivers in Australia. A sample of 705 drivers provided information on available travel modes and use of these modes, awareness of in-vehicle technologies and future use of vehicle technologies. The findings revealed high use of private vehicles, walking and taxis but little use of other travel modes (bicycles, motorcycles, rideshare, community services and public transport). Age, gender and residential location influenced the availability and use/potential use of some transport options. Overall awareness of in-vehicle technologies was generally low and particularly so amongst older and female participants. There was some appetite to use emerging technologies in the future. The findings inform the development of effective strategies and initiatives aligned with healthy ageing and wellbeing targets, increased sustainability, resilience and connectedness, creation of healthier travel choices and healthier environments to promote acceptance and use of a range of transport options and uptake of safer vehicles equipped with in-vehicle technologies to ultimately enhance safe and sustainable mobility of older road users.
28
BEAVER, ETHAN PEREGRINE, and JOHN GREHAN. "A simple rearing technique for larvae and observations on the larval biology of Australian ‘splendid ghost moths’, Aenetus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)." Journal of Insect Biodiversity 8, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2018.08.3.1.
Full textAbstract:
It is difficult to associate species of the wood-boring moth in the genus Aenetus with their host plant, because larvae develop inside live trees. A new method is described for rearing larvae of Aenetus eximia, A. lewinii, A. blackburnii, A. ligniveren and A. scotti in cut stems of trees containing larval tunnels by feeding them apple pieces. Larvae that completed development were reared from 49 to 396 days after collection from the field. Aspects of larval feeding webs and adult emergence are described, and new host records are documented. The rearing method is shown to provide an effective means of accurately determining the species of Aenetus developing inside a given host plant. It was more convenient than obtaining pupae or emerging adults in the field, which is often not possible to do. The method should be useful for conducting surveys, particularly for species with wide distribution ranges. This method may also be effective for the study of other genera of callus feeding, stem boring Hepialidae, such as Archaeoaenetus, Endoclita, Phassus, Schausiana and Zeloptypia.
29
Clark, Marianne, and Deborah Lupton. "Pandemic fitness assemblages: The sociomaterialities and affective dimensions of exercising at home during the COVID-19 crisis." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 27, no. 5 (September 28, 2021): 1222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13548565211042460.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of physical distancing measures and lockdowns across the globe to control the spread of COVID-19 has led to the home becoming a focal point of exercise and fitness activities for many people. A plethora of digital tools were hastily assembled to help people workout at home or in spaces close to home: including apps with workout suggestions, online videos and livestreamed fitness classes. In this article, we draw on our empirical material collected through semi-structured interviews and virtual ethnographic home tours with Australian adults to explore the ‘pandemic fitness assemblages’ generated with and through their improvised pandemic fitness practices inside and outside their homes. These materials illustrate how bodies, digital and non-digital technologies, and place and space came together and help to surface the affects, sensations and embodiments that emerged. We describe how people’s re-imagined fitness practices contributed to daily routines, transformed the atmospheres of the home and yielded affective experiences of escape. To do so, we think with sociospatial and feminist materialism theoretical frameworks that emphasise the generative relationships emerging between human and more-than-human forces and entities. Our analysis further illuminates the situatedness and relationality of these heterogeneous forces and considers how they come to matter within the broader sociomaterial context of COVID-19.
30
Yardley, Ainslie. "Children describing the world: Mixed-method research by child practitioners developing an intergenerational dialogue." Educational and Child Psychology 31, no. 1 (March 2014): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2014.31.1.48.
Full textAbstract:
Children are becoming increasingly engaged in the practice of research, either as active collaborators with adults or as independent researchers in their own right. This paper explores aspects of training and mentoring of children engaged in research practice as independent researchers, and highlights the use of creative methodologies in mixed-method research undertaken by children.Three primary aspects of participation and training are considered in relation to the space children inhabit in the research community: the ways in which children acquire research skills and the ways in which children are mentored in their research practice; the use of creative methods as conceptual and interpretive tools in interdisciplinary mixed-method research and how creative methodologies may benefit and empower child practitioners; and thirdly the importance of dissemination of research undertaken by children, and the quality of the intergenerational dialogue emerging from it. The paper begins with a story.The story is a personal observation translated into narrative and placed here to contextualise (rather than analyse) the research work undertaken by a group of Australian children, concurrent with their counterparts in the UK and Canada, over an 18-month period between April 2011 and September 2012. It introduces a methodological framework that was the underpinning of the project designed by the children and mentored by the author.
31
Waycott, Jenny, Wei Zhao, Ryan M. Kelly, and Elena Robertson. "Technology-Mediated Enrichment in Aged Care: Survey and Interview Study." JMIR Aging 5, no. 2 (April 12, 2022): e31162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31162.
Full textAbstract:
Background Digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR), humanoid robots, and digital companion pets have the potential to provide social and emotional enrichment for people living in aged care. However, there is currently limited knowledge about how technologies are being used to provide enrichment, what benefits they provide, and what challenges arise when deploying these technologies in aged care settings. Objective This study aims to investigate how digital technologies are being used for social and emotional enrichment in the Australian aged care industry and identify the benefits and challenges of using technology for enrichment in aged care. Methods A web-based survey (N=20) was distributed among people working in the Australian aged care sector. The survey collected information about the types of technologies being deployed and their perceived value. The survey was followed by semistructured interviews (N=12) with aged care workers and technology developers to investigate their experiences of deploying technologies with older adults living in aged care. Survey data were analyzed using summary descriptive statistics and categorizing open-ended text responses. Interview data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results The survey revealed that a range of commercial technologies, such as VR, tablet devices, and mobile phones, are being used in aged care to support social activities and provide entertainment. Respondents had differing views about the value of emerging technologies, such as VR, social robots, and robot pets, but were more united in their views about the value of videoconferencing. Interviews revealed 4 types of technology-mediated enrichment experiences: enhancing social engagement, virtually leaving the care home, reconnecting with personal interests, and providing entertainment and distraction. Our analysis identified 5 barriers: resource constraints, the need to select appropriate devices and apps, client challenges, limited staff and organizational support, and family resistance. Conclusions This study demonstrates that technologies can be used in aged care to create personally meaningful enrichment experiences for aged care clients. To maximize the effectiveness of technology-mediated enrichment, we argue that a person-centered care approach is crucial. Although enrichment experiences can be created using available technologies, they must be carefully selected and co-deployed with aged care clients. However, significant changes may be required within organizations to allow caregivers to facilitate individual technology-based activities for enrichment.
32
Waterreus, A., P. Di Prinzio, G. F. Watts, D. Castle, C. Galletly, and V. A. Morgan. "Metabolic syndrome in people with a psychotic illness: is cannabis protective?" Psychological Medicine 46, no. 8 (March 11, 2016): 1651–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291715002883.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundRates of the metabolic syndrome in people with psychotic illness are high. Emerging evidence suggests that cannabis use may have a positive impact on cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, but little is known about its impact for people with psychotic illness. Our aim was to investigate whether the rate of the metabolic syndrome in people with psychotic illness was associated with frequency of cannabis use.MethodThe 2010 Australian psychosis survey used a two-phase design to randomly select a nationally representative sample of 1825 adults with psychotic illness for interview and physical assessment. This study is based on 1813 participants who provided data on cannabis use. Multiple logistic regression was used to model the influence of frequency of cannabis use on the metabolic syndrome, adjusting for potential covariates including antipsychotic medication use, smoking, alcohol use and cognitive function.ResultsOne-third (33.0%) of participants had used cannabis in the past year. The proportion of non-users, occasional users and frequent users with the metabolic syndrome was 63.0, 51.7 and 43.5%, respectively (p< 0.001). In unadjusted analyses, both occasional use and frequent cannabis use were associated with significantly lower odds of the metabolic syndrome. In the adjusted analyses, the association between the metabolic syndrome and frequent cannabis use remained significant [odds ratio = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39–0.80], but not the association with occasional use (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% CI 0.49–1.13).ConclusionsWhile cannabis use may be detrimental for mental health, these data suggest that it may also have a cardiometabolic protective effect. Further investigation is required to understand the mechanism underlying this paradoxical finding.
33
Hughes, James A., C. J. Cabilan, and Andrew Staib. "Effect of the 4-h target on time-to-analgesia in an Australian emergency department: a pilot retrospective observational study." Australian Health Review 41, no. 2 (2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16025.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between and the effect of the 4-h target or National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) on the time-to-analgesia (TTA), as well as the provision of analgesia in an adult emergency department (ED). Methods The present study was a pilot descriptive explorative retrospective cohort study conducted in a public metropolitan ED. Eligible presentations for analysis were adults presenting with a documented pain score of ≥4 out of 10 between 1 and 14 September 2014. Triage Category 1, pregnant, chest pain and major trauma cases were excluded from the study. As a result, data for 260 patients were analysed. Results Of 260 patients, 176 had analgesia with a median TTA of 49 min. Increased NEAT compliance did not significantly decrease TTA. However, when the factors that affected the provision of analgesia were analysed, an association was demonstrated between Admitted and Short Stay NEAT performance and the provision of analgesia. The likelihood of receiving analgesia at all increased as Admitted and Short Stay NEAT compliance improved. Conclusion NEAT is a significant health policy initiative with little clinical evidence supporting its implementation. However, as the Admitted NEAT compliance increases, the probability of receiving analgesia increases, demonstrating a possible link between hospital function and clinical care provision that needs to be explored further. What is known about the topic? The 4-h target or NEAT is a widely used initiative in EDs to allay crowding and access block. However, little is known of its impact on clinical endpoints, such as TTA. What does this paper add? TTA was not significantly reduced as NEAT compliance increased. However, when the focus was on the probability of receiving analgesia, the results demonstrated that an improvement in Admitted and Short Stay NEAT compliance was associated with an increase in the likelihood of patients receiving analgesia. What are the implications for practitioners? NEAT is a relatively recent initiative, hence evidence of its effect on clinically orientated outcomes is limited. Nevertheless, evidence of safety and effectiveness is emerging. The results of the present pilot study provide preliminary data on the timeliness of patient-centred care as demonstrated by TTA and administration of analgesia when required. Further, the results would seem to suggest that the provision of analgesia is affected by how timely patients are moved out of the ED to the in-patient setting. As for future investigations on TTA as a result of NEAT, a wider time period should be considered so that the accurate effect of compliance thresholds (e.g. ≥90%, 81–89%, ≤80%) of NEAT can be explored.
34
Sofija, Ernesta, Neil Harris, Bernadette Sebar, and Dung Phung. "Who Are the Flourishing Emerging Adults on the Urban East Coast of Australia?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031125.
Full textAbstract:
It is increasingly recognised that strategies to treat or prevent mental illness alone do not guarantee a mentally healthy population. Emerging adults have been identified as a particularly vulnerable population when it comes to mental health concerns. While mental illnesses are carefully monitored and researched, less is known about mental wellbeing or flourishing, that is, experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of flourishing and its predictors among emerging adults in Australia. 1155 emerging adults aged 18–25 years completed a survey containing measures of wellbeing, social networks, social connectedness, health status, and socio-demographic variables. Most participants (60.4%) experienced moderate levels of wellbeing, 38.6% were flourishing and 1% were languishing (low wellbeing). Flourishers were more likely to be older, identify as Indigenous, be in a romantic relationship, study at university, perceive their family background as wealthy, rate their general health status as excellent, and have higher perceived social resources. The findings show that the majority of emerging adults are not experiencing flourishing and offer an insight into potential target groups and settings, such as vocational education colleges, for emerging adult mental health promotion. Interventions that help strengthen social resources have the potential to improve the mental wellbeing of emerging adults.
35
Livingstone, Katherine, Carlos Celis-Morales, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Hannah Forster, Clara Woolhead, Clare O'Donovan, et al. "Personalized Nutrition Advice Reduces Intake of Discretionary Foods and Beverages: Findings From the Food4Me Randomized Controlled Trial." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab035_060.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine changes in intake of discretionary foods and beverages following a personalized nutrition intervention using two national classifications for discretionary foods. Methods Participants were recruited into a 6-month RCT across seven European countries (Food4Me) and were randomized to receive generalized dietary advice (Control) or one of three levels of personalized nutrition advice (based on dietary, phenotypic and genotypic information). Dietary intake from a FFQ was used to determine change between baseline and month 6 in (i) % energy, % contribution to total fat, SFA, total sugars and salt and (ii) contribution (%) made by sweets and snacks to intake of total fat, SFA, sugars and salt from discretionary foods and beverages, defined by Food Standards Scotland (FSS) and the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). Results A total of 1270 adults (40.9 (SD 13.0) years; 57% female) completed the intervention. At month 6, percentage sugars from FSS discretionary items was lower in personalized nutrition vs control (19.0 ± 0.37 vs 21.1 ± 0.65; P = 0.005). Percentage energy (31.2 ± 0.59 vs 32.7 ± 0.59; P = 0.031), % total fat (31.5 ± 0.37 vs 33.3 ± 0.65; P = 0.021), SFA (36.0 ± 0.43 vs 37.8 ± 0.75; P = 0.034) and sugars (31.7 ± 0.44 vs 34.7 ± 0.78; P < 0.001) from ADG discretionary items were lower in personalized nutrition vs control. The % contribution of sugars from sweets and snacks was lower in personalized nutrition vs control (19.1 ± 0.36 vs 21.5 ± 0.63; P < 0.001). At 3 months, effects were consistent for ADG discretionary items, while there was no significant differences in personalized nutrition vs control for FSS discretionary items. Conclusions Compared with generalized dietary advice, personalized nutrition advice achieved greater reductions in intake of discretionary foods and beverages when the classification included all foods high in fat, added sugars and salt. Future personalized nutrition strategies may be used to target intake of discretionary foods and beverages. Funding Sources European Commission Food, Agriculture, Fisheries and Biotechnology Theme of the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development [265494]. KML is supported by a NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (APP1173803).
36
Pentecost, Robin, Suné Donoghue, and Park Thaichon. "Emerging from my youth – intra-cohort segmentation." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-06-2018-0113.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Using the millennial cohort the purpose of this paper is to assess differences in shopping mall behaviour between three intra-cohorts groups: adolescents (13–17), emerging adults (18–23) and young adults (24–30+). Design/methodology/approach Using a self-administered questionnaire, respondents were recruited through random customer intercepts at a major shopping mall in a capital city in Australia using a team of trained research assistants. After initial descriptive between group examinations, discriminant analysis was applied to verify group membership. Findings Results show significant differences between groups. Attitudes based upon mall attributes varied significantly, along with expenditure and other behaviour. The study provides evidence of transitional differences within a generational cohort as mall consumers mature. Research limitations/implications It serves as a focus for researchers to more actively consider intra-cohort segmentation relating to other generational cohorts. Practical implications Findings show that emerging adults to be moving away from attending the mall, which means, this group may be lost if retailers are not more proactive in attracting them or at least maintaining them. Coupling this with the group’s transition towards young adulthood, and the fact that these young adults are less likely to go to the mall there is a degree of urgency to develop strategies to keep this transition group engaged if financially feasible. Originality/value This research is important to ongoing theoretical perspectives of cohort theory and life cycle positions through its application to a more nuanced examination of the millennials cohort.
37
Shagar, Pravina Santhira, Neil Harris, Jennifer Boddy, and Caroline L. Donovan. "The Relationship Between Body Image Concerns and Weight-Related Behaviours of Adolescents and Emerging Adults: A Systematic Review." Behaviour Change 34, no. 4 (December 2017): 208–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2018.3.
Full textAbstract:
This systematic review investigates evidence on the association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults. It includes peer-reviewed journal articles reporting research involving body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults, published between 2005–2017, and located through systematic searches from four databases. This review includes studies from 11 countries or regions: United States (n = 13), Asia (n = 9), Europe (n = 8), Middle East (n = 3), South America (Brazil; n = 3), Canada (n = 3), Australia (n = 1), New Zealand (n = 1), Trinidad (n = 1), Turkey (n = 1) and Seychelles (n = 1); 24 different countries (n = 1); three Asian countries and the United States (n = 1). Out of 46 studies included in this review, 45 studies reported a positive association between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours. Adolescents and emerging adults who misperceived their weight engaged in weight-related behaviours. Higher body dissatisfaction had a significant association in the development of eating disorders and extreme weight-loss behaviours. Body image concerns play a significant role in adolescents and emerging adults engaging in weight-related behaviours. Experimental research designs are required to determine the causality of this association. Evidence strongly suggests policy makers and public health practitioners contemplate strategies to promote positive body image and healthy weight-related behaviours among adolescents and emerging adults.
38
Kang, Melissa S‐L. "The health of “emerging adults” in Australia: freedom, risk and rites of passage." Medical Journal of Australia 201, no. 10 (November 2014): 562–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja14.01409.
Full text
39
Williams, Murray G. "The health of “emerging adults” in Australia: freedom, risk and rites of passage." Medical Journal of Australia 202, no. 6 (April 2015): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja15.00019.
Full text
40
Sofija, Ernesta, Neil Harris, Dung Phung, Adem Sav, and Bernadette Sebar. "Does Flourishing Reduce Engagement in Unhealthy and Risky Lifestyle Behaviours in Emerging Adults?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249472.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging adulthood is a transitional life stage with increased probability of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours that are known to have strong links with premature mortality and morbidity. Wellbeing, as a positive subjective experience, is identified as a factor that encourages self-care and may steer individuals away from risky lifestyle behaviours. Investigating wellbeing–behaviour links in the emerging adult population may increase understanding of the factors that lead to, and ways to prevent, engagement in risky behaviours. This study examines the association between flourishing, that is, the experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing, and a broad range of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among emerging adults in Australia. A cross-sectional survey of 1155 emerging adults aged 18–25 years measured wellbeing, socio-demographics, and six groups of lifestyle behaviours surrounding substance use, physical activity, diet, sex, sun protection, and driving. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that flourishing was negatively associated with more dangerous types of risk behaviours, such as driving under the influence of drugs, and positively associated with self-care behaviours, such as healthier dietary behaviour and sun protection. If enabling emerging adults to flourish can contribute to reduced engagement in risky/unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, then promoting it is an important goal for health promotion efforts not only because flourishing is desirable in its own right, but also to bring about sustainable change in behaviour. Further research is needed to inform the designs of such interventions.
41
Wright, Chrysalis L., and Mark Rubin. "Sexualized Popular Music and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Emerging Adults from the United States and Australia." Howard Journal of Communications 31, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10646175.2019.1567407.
Full text
42
Rahman, Touhidur, and Sonya Broughton. "The Survival of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Over Winter in Western Australia." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 4 (May 23, 2019): 977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz060.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically important pest insects of fruit crops worldwide. Mediterranean fruit fly can cause up to 100% crop loss in susceptible fruit. In order to formulate best management practices, it is critical to understand how Mediterranean fruit fly overwinters in a given geographical location and bridge the gap between autumn and spring populations. In this study, we evaluated the overwintering potential of Mediterranean fruit fly immature and adult stages in two locations in Perth Hills, Western Australia. We also monitored wild adult Mediterranean fruit fly populations for 2 yr. Adults were present year-round with captures very low in winter to early spring relative to summer and autumn. Field experiments revealed that immature stages in apples (eggs/first instar) and soil (pupae) remained viable in winter, emerging as adults at the onset of warmer weather in spring. In field cages, adults survived 72–110 d, and female laid viable eggs when offered citrus fruit, though only 1–6% eggs survived to emerge as adults. Adults survived longer in field cages when offered live citrus branch. The findings suggest that all Mediterranean fruit fly life stages can survive through mild winter, and surviving adults, eggs in the fruit and/or pupae in the soil are the sources of new population that affect the deciduous fruit crops in Perth. We recommend that Mediterranean fruit fly monitoring is required year-round and control strategies be deployed in spring. Furthermore, we recommend removal of fallen fruit particularly apple and other winter fruit such as citrus.
43
EASTWOOD, K., B. J. PATERSON, C. LEVI, R. GIVNEY, M. LOEWENTHAL, T. DE MALMANCHE, K. LAI, J. GRANEROD, and D. N. DURRHEIM. "Adult encephalitis surveillance: experiences from an Australian prospective sentinel site study." Epidemiology and Infection 143, no. 15 (April 13, 2015): 3300–3307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815000527.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYFew countries routinely collect comprehensive encephalitis data, yet understanding the epidemiology of this condition has value for clinical management, detecting novel and emerging pathogens, and guiding timely public health interventions. When this study was conducted there was no standardized diagnostic algorithm to aid identification of encephalitis or systematic surveillance for adult encephalitis. In July 2012 we tested three pragmatic surveillance options aimed at identifying possible adult encephalitis cases admitted to a major Australian hospital: hospital admissions searches, clinician notifications and laboratory test alerts (CSF herpes simplex virus requests). Eligible cases underwent structured laboratory investigation and a specialist panel arbitrated on the final diagnosis. One hundred and thirteen patients were initially recruited into the 10-month study; 20/113 (18%) met the study case definition, seven were diagnosed with infectious or immune-mediated encephalitis and the remainder were assigned alternative diagnoses. The laboratory alert identified 90% (102/113) of recruited cases including six of the seven cases of confirmed encephalitis suggesting that this may be a practical data source for case ascertainment. The application of a standardized diagnostic algorithm and specialist review by an expert clinical panel aided diagnosis of patients with encephalitis.
44
Ghammachi, Nadine, Seema Mihrshahi, and Rimante Ronto. "Web-Based Experiential Nutrition Education Intervention “The Green Hub” to Promote Sustainable and Healthy Diets among Young Adults in Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 15207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215207.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Sustainable and healthy dietary patterns can help achieve both optimal health and reduce environmental impacts. They involve the increased intake of plant-based foods which are local and seasonal, and reduced intake of animal-derived foods and food wastage. There is emerging evidence regarding the use and effectiveness of web-based health promotion programs to improve diet related behaviours especially in young adults. This study investigated the effectiveness of the “Green Hub” pilot study, a four-week web-based experiential nutrition education intervention to promote sustainable and healthy diets among young adults in Australia. Methods: This study used a pre-/post-study design with process evaluation. The four-week intervention integrated modules on different aspects of a sustainable and healthy diets and was delivered through a private Facebook group. Eligible participants were young adults between the age of 18–25 years old residing in Australia. Results: Out of 19 participants who consented, 17 participants completed the program. Two thirds of participants (67%) stated that they were familiar with the sustainable and healthy diet concept but only 33% were able to define this concept comprehensively. The post-intervention survey resulted in improved knowledge, attitudes, and motivation to adopt more sustainable eating patterns. Conclusion: The “Green Hub” experiential nutrition education program showed positive impact on participants’ willingness to adopt sustainable and healthy diets. The findings of this pilot study will inform future larger scale studies and policy development on improving sustainable and healthy diets among young adults.
45
Teese, Robert, George Van Doorn, and Peter Richard Gill. "Prospective associations between traditional masculinity and cannabis, hard drug, and alcohol use in Australian emerging adult men." Personality and Individual Differences 200 (January 2023): 111877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111877.
Full text
46
Brinckley, Makayla-May, Sarah Bourke, Felecia Watkin Lui, and Raymond Lovett. "Knowledge translation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research contexts in Australia: scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 12, no. 7 (July 2022): e060311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060311.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionKnowledge translation (KT) involves bridging the gaps between research knowledge and research application or practice, by sharing this knowledge with knowledge-users. KT is increasingly being used in research with Indigenous peoples globally to address the top-down and inappropriate research approaches commonly used in Indigenous research. Employing KT in Indigenous research in Australia is an emergent field, despite Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples having conducted KT for generations.There is limited evidence which demonstrates how KT is applied in the Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander context. Results will benefit researchers by demonstrating ways of appropriately translating research findings to knowledge-users, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, researchers and policy makers. The scoping review will also inform a KT definition, method and practices used in a large-scale, longitudinal cohort study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults: the Mayi Kuwayu Study.Methods and analysisUnder guidance of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander governance committee, we will conduct a scoping review on KT in Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander research. We will follow the scoping review method outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will search the ANU SuperSearch, and grey and hard to find literature in June 2022. Abstracts and full-text articles will be screened by two independent reviewers. We will include studies that relate to KT in Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander research, regardless of the research topic. Results will be used to inform the KT definition, method and practices that can be used in Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander research contexts in Australia.Ethics and disseminationThe Mayi Kuwayu Study has ethics approvals from the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 12 Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander organisations, and the Australian National University Human Research Ethics Committee. Results will be disseminated through peer-review publication and community workshops. Protocol registration is available online (10.17605/OSF.IO/JMFQ3).
47
O'Shannessy, Carmel. "Distributions of case allomorphy by multilingual children." Linguistic Variation 16, no. 1 (October 7, 2016): 68–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.16.1.04osh.
Full textAbstract:
When a new linguistic code emerges and stabilizes, what are the roles of children and adults in leading and consolidating the changes? This question lies at the intersection of child language acquisition and contact-induced language change. Adults and children have played different roles in the development of a new mixed code, Light Warlpiri, spoken in a Warlpiri community in northern Australia that arose from code-switching practices among bilinguals. Elements from typologically dissimilar languages are combined systematically in the new language, with verbal and nominal structures derived from different sources. Verbal morphology is from English/Kriol (which have fixed nominative-accusative word order patterns), with the addition of some innovations, probably brought in by speakers who were then children. Nominal case morphology is from Warlpiri (with ergative-absolutive case-marking, and flexible word order). But Light Warlpiri shows redistributions of case suffix allomorphy derived from Warlpiri. The paper shows the emerging case-marking patterns in Light Warlpiri, and tracks the roles played by children and adults in the changes.
48
Collins, Joanne E., Helen Winefield, Lynn Ward, and Deborah Turnbull. "Understanding help seeking for mental health in rural South Australia: thematic analytical study." Australian Journal of Primary Health 15, no. 2 (2009): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09019.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated barriers to help seeking for mental health concerns and explored the role of psychological mindedness using semistructured interviews with sixteen adults in a South Australian rural centre. Prior research-driven thematic analysis identified themes of stigma, self-reliance and lack of services. Additional emergent themes were awareness of mental illness and mental health services, the role of general practitioners and the need for change. Lack of psychological mindedness was related to reluctance to seek help. Campaigns, interventions and services promoting mental health in rural communities need to be compatible with rural cultural context, and presented in a way that is congruent with rural values.
49
Lui, Chi-Wai, Jo Dower, Maria Donald, and Joseph R. Coll. "Patterns and Determinants of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practitioner Use among Adults with Diabetes in Queensland, Australia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/659419.
Full textAbstract:
There is evidence that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is common among people with diabetes. The role of CAM in the treatment or management of diabetes is an emerging health issue given the potential side effects and benefits associated with the use of this kind of medicine. This paper examined patterns and determinants of CAM practitioner use in Queensland, Australia, using a large population-based sample of people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The study found that within a 12-month period, 7.7% of people with diabetes used the services of CAM practitioners alongside or as a complement to conventional health care service. Younger age, female gender, a higher education, having private health insurance, and engagement in preventive health behaviours are significant predictors of individuals who are more likely to visit a CAM practitioner. There was no significant difference in CAM practitioner use between people with type 1, type 2 insulin requiring, or type 2 noninsulin requiring diabetes. The findings highlight the need for further research on the role of CAM in the prevention and management of diabetes.
50
Davies, Alyse, Anna Rangan, and Margaret Allman-Farinelli. "Dietary Behaviors That Place Young Adults at Risk for Future Osteoporosis." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (June 17, 2020): 1800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061800.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary behaviors during adolescence and emerging adulthood have important consequences for peak bone mass (PBM) attainment. This study aimed to examine dietary factors that are either beneficial or detrimental to bone health and determine the major sources of calcium in the diets of a sample of young adults. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 189 Australians aged 18–30 years. Three-day dietary intakes were collected using consecutive 24 h recall interviews. Daily totals for energy and nutrients and serves for food groups were computed. The proportion contribution of calcium (mg) from different food groups as well as calcium (mg) per portion and per 100 g were calculated. Females and males failed to meet the recommendations for dairy (91%, 82%), fruit (89%, 94%) and vegetables (74%, 86%). Eighty percent were above the recommended daily intake range for sodium. For calcium, 53% of females and 48% of males had intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR). Milk products and dishes made the highest mean calcium contribution per portion (mg) mean standard deviation (SD), 204 mg (212) and accounted for 30% of calcium intake in females and 35% in males. As young adulthood is the final chance for dietary manipulation before PBM is achieved, these dietary risk factors should be addressed.