Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Australian economy'
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1
Fell, Gordon. "The impact of immigration on the Australian economy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c811beb5-8090-459f-a3e7-e5bd68884cf7.
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Australian immigration policy has traditionally been justified as a means to ensure national security and promote economic development. Neither of these rationales retains much contemporary force. A larger population is no longer regarded as critical to Australia's defensive capacity, and the quest for economic development, synonymous with aggregate growth, has been superseded by a concern about per capita growth performance. While humanitarian and cultural justifications for immigration have been advanced, they are either restricted in scope or contentious. Currently, the programme is operating on a large scale without a clear rationale. The purpose of this work is to investigate the economic consequences of immigration, and so consider whether the economic rationale may be recast in an alternative form. In this chapter, the existing literature is reviewed and a strategy for carrying the analysis further is outlined.
2
Shafiullah, Muhammad. "Export-Led Growth and Dutch Disease: A Case Study of Australia and its Regions." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366021.
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The Australian economy has enjoyed several mining booms over the past few decades. As an export-orientated economy, Australia has experienced several mining booms since the 1960s, including one in the early 1980s and, most notably, the unprecedented boom of the 2000s. This latest mining boom began in the early 2000 when the demand for natural resources such as coal and iron ore soared in response to increasing demand in Asia, particularly China. This unprecedented demand has contributed to Australia’s robust economic performance over the past decade, especially during the Global Financial Crisis. However, the 2000s boom may have also had some detrimental effects on other tradable sectors of the Australian economy, such as agriculture and manufacturing. Moreover, from a regional (intra-country) perspective, the economic benefits and costs of the mining boom are not identically distributed across the country. While only certain regions benefited from the growth in minerals and resources exports, the cost of the mining boom appear to be much more widespread.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Hoyte, Catherine, and n/a. "An Australian Mirage." Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040719.103628.
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This thesis contains a detailed academic analysis of the complete rise and fall of Christopher Skase and his Qintex group mirage. It uses David Harvey's 'Condition of Postmodernity' to locate the collapse within the Australian political economic context of the period (1974-1989). It does so in order to answer questions about why and how the mirage developed, why and how it failed, and why Skase became the scapegoat for the Australian corporate excesses of the 1980s. I take a multi-disciplinary approach and consider corporate collapse, corporate regulation and the role of accounting, and corporate deviance.
4
Hoyte, Catherine. "An Australian Mirage." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367545.
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This thesis contains a detailed academic analysis of the complete rise and fall of Christopher Skase and his Qintex group mirage. It uses David Harvey's 'Condition of Postmodernity' to locate the collapse within the Australian political economic context of the period (1974-1989). It does so in order to answer questions about why and how the mirage developed, why and how it failed, and why Skase became the scapegoat for the Australian corporate excesses of the 1980s. I take a multi-disciplinary approach and consider corporate collapse, corporate regulation and the role of accounting, and corporate deviance.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts, Media and Culture
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5
Newkirk, Karen. "Trading Places : integrating Indigenous Australian knowledge into the modern economy." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2020. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/176385.
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Australia has a 30-billion-dollar knowledge industry, yet this industry barely recognises Indigenous Australian knowledge developed for over 50,000 years. This knowledge is important to understanding life on this planet. A 2012 regional Aboriginal education report noted “These ways of thinking and planning are our great gift to a world that desperately needs solutions...Unfortunately, this gift has not been accepted yet, or even noticed” (NSW Department of Education and Communities). Through continued denial of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander experience, their knowledge is largely hidden from mainstream Australia and to the rest of the world. This study examines what inhibits appreciation of Indigenous Australian knowledge through two sequential interviews with 26 non-Indigenous senior managers in business, finance and economics. The constructivism research paradigm frames the use of Causal Layered Analysis as a research method to investigate the interview data. A paradox arises between the aspirational discourse for an integrated nation with recognition of Indigenous knowledge as valuable, and ingrained images that erroneously position Indigenous knowledge as only representative of early human development on a linear trajectory toward 21st Century Western thought. From the findings, a spectrum of mainstream Australian society emerges with clear gradation from strong ignorance of Indigenous knowledge to reasonably high awareness. Evident from this spectrum is that for Australian society to embrace Indigenous knowledge, a transition is required to move non-Indigenous individuals significantly to higher awareness. This thesis argues that this transition could be progressed by supportive non-Indigenous individuals taking the next step to improve their understanding of Indigenous knowledge through learning. Thus, Australian society could establish that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge is managed by its custodians, valued and in demand more broadly, is not compromised in the market, and is able to contribute to the management of Homo sapiens on Mother Earth.Doctor of Philosophy
6
Ralston, Deborah Jane. "How to protect Australian workers within the APEC political-economy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996.
Find full textAbstract:
This thesis develops options and strategies for Australian unions in protecting and advancing the interests of Australian workers within an internationally competitive environment. Analysis of the APEC arrangements as the trading regime in which Australian workers will be exposed is pivotal to developing these strategies. Economic liberalism and market mechanisms within Australia were adopted during the period 1983 to 1996. Features of this
direction included the deregulation of trade and financial markets, and the shift toward a decentralised and deregulated labour market. This changed focus impacted on workers, in particular in regard to wage outcomes, cash income and wealth dispersion. Unions, and workers, who had traditionally operated within a national market, are required to develop a different approach to a decentralised and deregulated environment from an international perspective. Within an internationalised environment, a different set of responses are required. The capacity for unions to respond is hampered by the international
deregulatory climate, and the conflicting views of APEC member countries to institutionalising labour issues. This requires unions to develop a broader range of strategies to mitigate against the effects that APEC will have on
Australian workers. In considering these strategies, reference is made to the social clause, international unionism and collective bargaining, "good faith" arrangements such as Codes of Conduct, and tying environmental and labour standards to trade and investment restrictions. The ability to generate worker solidarity on an international basis is also discussed. The conclusion is that the combination of a decentralised labour market in Australia and the labour arrangements within APEC does not auger well for workers.
7
Brodzeli, Andrew. "Technics & Transition: Contesting capitalist value relations in the Australian energy sector." Thesis, Department of Political Economy, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17726.
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Kazemian, Mahmoud. "Financial deregulation and the monetary transmission mechanism of the Australian economy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk236.pdf.
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9
Murgulov, Zoltan, and n/a. "New Economy Initial and Seasoned Equity Offers in Australia." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070717.160534.
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Public media and previous research have focused mainly on listing day returns of initial public offers (IPOs) by new economy companies in specific periods such as before April 2000, without examining any subsequent equity offers by new economy companies. This study addresses the issue of multiple equity offers and provides additional understanding of new economy initial and seasoned equity offers (SEOs). Without, a priori, favouring any existing explanation of initial and long-term share returns, this research tests a wide range of theories in order to provide insight into share returns of equity offerings by new economy companies listed on the Australian Stock Exchange between 1994 and 2004. In general, this thesis documents the ability of publicly available information (obtained from offer documents and company announcements to the market) to explain the returns of equity-issuing new economy companies in Australia. In other words, how useful is public information in the valuation of initial and seasoned equity offers of new economy stocks? Specifically, the thesis seeks to examine the ability of public information to explain (a) listing day and long-term returns subsequent to initial public offers by new economy companies, and the probability of IPO withdrawal, (b) announcement period and long-term returns of seasoned equity offers by new economy companies, and (c) the relationships between the initial and any subsequent equity offers by new economy companies (within three years of listing) in terms of probability of seasoned equity offer, duration between the IPO and the first SEO, and frequency of seasoned equity offers within the first three years of IPO. First, the thesis finds that public information is used by investors to value new economy stocks on listing day and in the long run. The negative effect of withdrawal probability on listing day returns of successful IPOs is confirmed in this thesis in the context of the fixed-price offer process in the new economy sector in Australia. While new economy equity-issuing companies have inferior long-term returns compared to the market index and the small capitalisation stock index, they do not underperform relative to their respective industry index returns. Second, this study also finds that public information can explain new economy stock returns around the announcements of seasoned offers and in the long run. Third, the results reveal that publicly available information can be used to explain the incidence and to estimate the probability of seasoned equity offers by recent new economy IPOs. Furthermore, it is found that public information has the ability to explain the duration between the IPO and the first seasoned offer, as well as the frequency of seasoned offers in the first three years after listing. The results of the study support the theoretical predictions about the effects of public information (representing IPO characteristics) and the incidence of a seasoned equity offer. In particular, IPO quality signalling by retained ownership and by underpricing, and the market feedback effect of post-IPO returns have been confirmed for new economy equity offers in Australia. Underpriced new economy IPOs and those with greater proportion of ownership retained after the offer are significantly more likely to have a seasoned equity offer within three years of listing. Likewise, new economy IPOs with superior aftermarket returns are significantly more likely to have a seasoned equity offer. The implication of this research is that public information contained in offer documents and in company announcements is important to valuation of the Australian Stock Exchange listed new economy companies. Thus, the regulators and the Stock Exchange should continue to insist on a high level of information disclosure prior to equity offers in order to enable investors to properly value companies within the new economy sector.
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Murgulov, Zoltan. "New Economy Initial and Seasoned Equity Offers in Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366884.
Full textAbstract:
Public media and previous research have focused mainly on listing day returns of initial public offers (IPOs) by new economy companies in specific periods such as before April 2000, without examining any subsequent equity offers by new economy companies. This study addresses the issue of multiple equity offers and provides additional understanding of new economy initial and seasoned equity offers (SEOs). Without, a priori, favouring any existing explanation of initial and long-term share returns, this research tests a wide range of theories in order to provide insight into share returns of equity offerings by new economy companies listed on the Australian Stock Exchange between 1994 and 2004. In general, this thesis documents the ability of publicly available information (obtained from offer documents and company announcements to the market) to explain the returns of equity-issuing new economy companies in Australia. In other words, how useful is public information in the valuation of initial and seasoned equity offers of new economy stocks? Specifically, the thesis seeks to examine the ability of public information to explain (a) listing day and long-term returns subsequent to initial public offers by new economy companies, and the probability of IPO withdrawal, (b) announcement period and long-term returns of seasoned equity offers by new economy companies, and (c) the relationships between the initial and any subsequent equity offers by new economy companies (within three years of listing) in terms of probability of seasoned equity offer, duration between the IPO and the first SEO, and frequency of seasoned equity offers within the first three years of IPO. First, the thesis finds that public information is used by investors to value new economy stocks on listing day and in the long run. The negative effect of withdrawal probability on listing day returns of successful IPOs is confirmed in this thesis in the context of the fixed-price offer process in the new economy sector in Australia. While new economy equity-issuing companies have inferior long-term returns compared to the market index and the small capitalisation stock index, they do not underperform relative to their respective industry index returns. Second, this study also finds that public information can explain new economy stock returns around the announcements of seasoned offers and in the long run. Third, the results reveal that publicly available information can be used to explain the incidence and to estimate the probability of seasoned equity offers by recent new economy IPOs. Furthermore, it is found that public information has the ability to explain the duration between the IPO and the first seasoned offer, as well as the frequency of seasoned offers in the first three years after listing. The results of the study support the theoretical predictions about the effects of public information (representing IPO characteristics) and the incidence of a seasoned equity offer. In particular, IPO quality signalling by retained ownership and by underpricing, and the market feedback effect of post-IPO returns have been confirmed for new economy equity offers in Australia. Underpriced new economy IPOs and those with greater proportion of ownership retained after the offer are significantly more likely to have a seasoned equity offer within three years of listing. Likewise, new economy IPOs with superior aftermarket returns are significantly more likely to have a seasoned equity offer. The implication of this research is that public information contained in offer documents and in company announcements is important to valuation of the Australian Stock Exchange listed new economy companies. Thus, the regulators and the Stock Exchange should continue to insist on a high level of information disclosure prior to equity offers in order to enable investors to properly value companies within the new economy sector.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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11
Giesecke, James Andrew David. "FEDERAL-F : a multi-regional multi-sectoral dynamic model of the Australian economy /." Title page, appendix, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg4554.pdf.
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Dean, Anthony Francis. "Australian universities in the information economy electronic commerce and the business of distance education /." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050929.114913/index.html.
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13
Mocke, Barend Adriaan. "An Evaluation of Qualitative Data as Leading Indicators of Trends in the Australian Economy." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20121.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate qualitative data as leading indicators of trends in the Australian economy. Economic forecasts usually take the form of quantitative forecasts where economic variables are estimated based on historical trends and relationships between official data as determined by econometric analyses. Economic forecasts based on qualitative techniques, in contrast, focus on the psychological aspects of the relationship between attitudes and economic behaviour. Expectations about future business conditions are formed by taking into account all relevant information, including how policy will affect the economy. Since business surveys collect judgments and expectations for the near future, they are able to detect changes in the cycle earlier that corresponding quantitative statistical series which are usually published after a time lag. Judgments and expectations lead to plans and only when these plans are implemented are they picked up by traditional quantitative statistics. Qualitative data are therefore expected to be early leading indicators of trends in different sectors of the economy. In order to determine the reliability of survey data, it is important to periodically evaluate the data series. It should be noted whether qualitative data follow the same trend as official data and whether turning points in the economy are forecast correctly. It should also be noted whether qualitative data can indeed be used as leading indicators in certain sectors and if forecasts of short-term econometric models improve with the inclusion of the data. In this study we evaluate the forecasting ability of the National Australia Bank’s monthly and quarterly business confidence and condition indices by comparing Australian macroeconomic forecasts that include the data to models without it.The study is composed of two parts. A literature study (chapters 2 to 5) and an empirical study (chapters 6). The first part serves as a background to the empirical study which is the main purpose of the study. In chapters 2 the rational expectations theory is revisited. This is followed by a discussion of the characteristics of Economic Tendency Surveys in chapter 3. Chapter 4 focuses on an empirical overview of previous studies done about the forecasting ability of qualitative data and chapter 5 on the different statistical and econometric techniques applied to evaluate the forecasts. Chapter 6 is the main part of the study where the forecasting ability of qualitative data is evaluated by applying different econometric techniques.Turning point analyses through the application of tests for synchronisation between NAB’s business confidence and conditions indices and the proxy measures of economic activity that we use are positive for both quarterly and monthly data series. Business conditions which reflect current business conditions predict better over the shorter term and business confidence, which reflects expectations about future developments, over the longer term.The value of NAB’s business confidence and conditions is evaluated in VAR models and seems to have only a short-term impact on forecasts. This is also reflected in the impulse response functions which indicated that external shocks to business confidence and conditions will only have a short-term impact on real economic variables. Granger causality Wald tests show that business confidence and conditions Granger causes some economic data series and that all series together Granger causes business confidence and conditions.The forecasting ability of qualitative data is also evaluated in vector auto regressive models by comparing the forecasts of models that include, to models that exclude the data. The models that include the data outperform the models without the data, but in general not significantly so, with the exception of the forecasting of the RBA cash rate up to three months ahead. Qualitative data improve forecasts over the short term up to six months, and therefore prove to be valuable inputs in short term econometric forecast models
14
Tuite, Alexandra E. "The cultural economy of independent fashion." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/129093/1/Alexandra_Tuite_Thesis.pdf.
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This research explores independent cultural production in the fashion industry, with a focus on small-scale entrepreneurship. "Independent fashion" is a widely-used term that has been under-examined. Studies of small-scale fashion businesses tend to focus on practioners' processes and practices, taking for granted the notion of their "independence" and looking past it in order to consider other aspects. This project seeks to address this gap in our knowledge of small-scale fashion practice by analysing the way in which independent fashion as a concept is understood, demonstrated and judged by those who identify as participants in the independent fashion sector.
15
Swift, Robyn. "Exchange Rate Pass-Through in a Small Open Economy: the Case of Australian Export Prices." Thesis, Griffith University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365213.
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Expectations regarding the relationship between exchange rates and the prices of traded goOds in small open economies have traditionally been derived from the idea of the relative unimportance of a single small country when trading in much larger international markets. This concept has led to the use of distinct 'small-country' or 'dependent-economy' models to analyse the effects of macroeconomic changes. Thus for small economies like Australia, it is usually assumed that the foreign-currency prices of traded goods are fixed in perfectly competitive international markets. Accordingly, exchange rate movements must be completely absorbed in domestic-currency prices. In other words, the pass-through of exchange rate changes to destination-currency prices must be zero for Australian exports, and complete for Australian imports. Such expectations regarding the degree of exchange rate pass-through contrast sharply with those found in conventional macroeconomic models for large countries, in which pass-through is assumed to be complete for all traded goods. Moreover, they conflict with the results derived from the large theoretical and empirical literature on the microeconomic determinants of pass-through, which suggests that much international trade takes place in imperfectly competitive markets, in which the degree of less-than-complete pass-through depends on industry-specific factors. This study explores these apparent conflicts by re-examining the small-country assumption, with particular emphasis on export prices as the area of greatest divergence. Specifically, it addresses three research questions: 1) What are the theoretical conditions that underlie the small-country assumption? 2)What are the implications for the macroeconomic models of small economies if this assumption is violated? 3) In practice, is the data more consistent with the validity or otherwise of the assumption? The analysis focuses on Australia as a practical example of a small open economy with a high proportion of commodity exports. In summary, the theoretical and empirical results reported in this study suggest that the small-country assumption is unlikely to hold in practice. That is, exchange rate pass-through is more likely to be determined by industry-specific factors, rather than by the universal conclusion of zero pass-through for all Australian exports that is derived from the small-country assumption. Further, they imply that the movement in internal prices required to restore equilibrium in a small country following an external shock is likely to be both larger and more uncertain than has previously been expected. Under such circumstances, the full flexibility of the exchange rate, as the primary and most rapid source of the required adjustments, becomes particularly significant. An important policy implication for small open economies that are subject to frequent terms of trade shocks, such as Australia, is that attempts to manage the exchange rate in order to reduce apparently excessive movements may in fact result in a longer and more protracted process of adjustment through the labour market.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Economics
Griffith Business School
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Swift, Robyn, and n/a. "Exchange Rate Pass-Through in a Small Open Economy: the Case of Australian Export Prices." Griffith University. School of Economics, 2001. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050921.140213.
Full textAbstract:
Expectations regarding the relationship between exchange rates and the prices of traded goOds in small open economies have traditionally been derived from the idea of the relative unimportance of a single small country when trading in much larger international markets. This concept has led to the use of distinct 'small-country' or 'dependent-economy' models to analyse the effects of macroeconomic changes. Thus for small economies like Australia, it is usually assumed that the foreign-currency prices of traded goods are fixed in perfectly competitive international markets. Accordingly, exchange rate movements must be completely absorbed in domestic-currency prices. In other words, the pass-through of exchange rate changes to destination-currency prices must be zero for Australian exports, and complete for Australian imports. Such expectations regarding the degree of exchange rate pass-through contrast sharply with those found in conventional macroeconomic models for large countries, in which pass-through is assumed to be complete for all traded goods. Moreover, they conflict with the results derived from the large theoretical and empirical literature on the microeconomic determinants of pass-through, which suggests that much international trade takes place in imperfectly competitive markets, in which the degree of less-than-complete pass-through depends on industry-specific factors. This study explores these apparent conflicts by re-examining the small-country assumption, with particular emphasis on export prices as the area of greatest divergence. Specifically, it addresses three research questions: 1) What are the theoretical conditions that underlie the small-country assumption? 2)What are the implications for the macroeconomic models of small economies if this assumption is violated? 3) In practice, is the data more consistent with the validity or otherwise of the assumption? The analysis focuses on Australia as a practical example of a small open economy with a high proportion of commodity exports. In summary, the theoretical and empirical results reported in this study suggest that the small-country assumption is unlikely to hold in practice. That is, exchange rate pass-through is more likely to be determined by industry-specific factors, rather than by the universal conclusion of zero pass-through for all Australian exports that is derived from the small-country assumption. Further, they imply that the movement in internal prices required to restore equilibrium in a small country following an external shock is likely to be both larger and more uncertain than has previously been expected. Under such circumstances, the full flexibility of the exchange rate, as the primary and most rapid source of the required adjustments, becomes particularly significant. An important policy implication for small open economies that are subject to frequent terms of trade shocks, such as Australia, is that attempts to manage the exchange rate in order to reduce apparently excessive movements may in fact result in a longer and more protracted process of adjustment through the labour market.
17
Frost, Mark Austin. "Export prices, terms of trade, real exchange rate and structural changes in the Australian economy." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16515.
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Australia has long been considered a commodity-based economy, with reliance on a few primary export commodities a key reason. Structural change in the economy since the mid-1980s has seen a growing role of the traded sector within the Australian economy, with expansion in both the export and import sector. A sustained price-led boom from 2003 to 2008 in Australian export commodities has triggered discussion around the Gregory thesis and wider Dutch Disease theory. This thesis examines the impact of the price-led boom and the longer-term structural change on the Australian economy, manufacturing sector (at an aggregate and disaggregate level), and the real exchange rate. The key conclusions are: (i) that the aggregate manufacturing sector was impacted by the mineral export-price boom, although not as expected; (ii) at a disaggregate level there are differences in how the boom impacted each manufacturing sub-sector; (iii) underlying structural change in the Australian economy and OECD manufacturing remains an important influence on Australian manufacturing; and, (iv) despite these structural changes, the underlying co-integrated relationship between the terms of trade and real exchange rate is largely unchanged. The role of underlying structural change within the economy is an important consideration for policy makers and future research opportunities.
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McHugh, Zoe D. "A small, macroeconometric model of the Australian economy: With an emphasis on modelling wages and prices." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15937/1/Zoe_McHugh_Thesis.pdf.
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Traditional macroeconometric models of the Australian economy estimate the behaviour of wage and price inflation separately, thereby ignoring the possibility that there is a contemporaneous relationship between these two variables. This thesis follows a recent trend emerging in other small open economies, such as the UK and Norway, which is to estimate the behaviour of wage and price inflation in a simultaneous-equations model. In order to capture the behaviour of the major variables which drive wages and prices, a complete model is constructed which embeds these important transmission channels.
The model is developed in three stages. First, underpinned by a theoretical framework of a unionized economy with imperfect competition, the core wage- price system is developed whereby consumer prices and average weekly earnings are jointly estimated in a simultaneous-equations framework. Particular atten- tion is given to estimating two identified cointegrating relationships for wages and prices. These equations are interpreted as the long-run targets of workers and firms respectively and are embedded in a parsimonious system of short-run dynamics which drive wages and prices towards their long-run levels.
Second, llie behaviour of llie main feedback variables driving llie wage-price system is modelled, with particular attention given to the unemployment rate. While several of the most recent models of unemployment show that the aggregate unemployment rate in Australia does indeed behave differently during periods of low and high unemployment, none can explain what drives the unemployment rate to increase at such a rapid rate and what contributes to its much slower decrease. Another central issue of this thesis, therefore, is to propose a rationale for this as yet unexplained phenomenon. The remaining behavioural variables in the model, including aggregate labour productivity, domestic output and the real exchange rate, are all estimated in a single-equation framework.
Third, these equations are then combined with a number of important identi- ties and an interest-rate reaction function to close the model. Then, the impacts of several simulated economic scenarios on Australia's economic landscape are considered. Special emphasis is given to analysing the impact of a large nomi- nal wage shock. The outcomes from these simulated scenarios are pertinent to understanding the inflation process and have important implications for a small open economy like Australia with an explicit inflation target.
Overall, the major result to emerge from this thesis is that there is significant statistical support for the hypothesis that wage and price inflation in Australia are jointly determined. This phenomenon has not yet been fully exploited in current macroeconometric models of the Australian economy. The modelling exercise also reveals that the Australian unemployment rate is linear in demand and labour productivity shocks, with nonlinear behaviour caused by real wage rigidity and generous unemployment benefits. Importantly, this simple model is able to simulate the behaviour of the Australian economy extremely well. The outcome from the policy scenarios is clear: both demand-side and supply-side shocks have real and nominal effects on the economy in the short- to medium- run, ceteris paribus. Moreover, a large nominal wage shock to the economy, which results in a real wage rise, will have no sustained effect on the level of domestic activity in the economy, the inflation rate or the real exchange rate. Unemployment is, however, pushed slightly above equilibrium in the short- to medium-run due to a sustained higher real wage level.
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McHugh, Zoe D. "A Small, Macroeconometric Model Of The Australian Economy : With An Emphasis On Modelling Wages And Prices." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15937/.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional macroeconometric models of the Australian economy estimate the behaviour of wage and price inflation separately, thereby ignoring the possibility that there is a contemporaneous relationship between these two variables. This thesis follows a recent trend emerging in other small open economies, such as the UK and Norway, which is to estimate the behaviour of wage and price inflation in a simultaneous-equations model. In order to capture the behaviour of the major variables which drive wages and prices, a complete model is constructed which embeds these important transmission channels. The model is developed in three stages. First, underpinned by a theoretical framework of a unionized economy with imperfect competition, the core wage- price system is developed whereby consumer prices and average weekly earnings are jointly estimated in a simultaneous-equations framework. Particular atten- tion is given to estimating two identified cointegrating relationships for wages and prices. These equations are interpreted as the long-run targets of workers and firms respectively and are embedded in a parsimonious system of short-run dynamics which drive wages and prices towards their long-run levels. Second, llie behaviour of llie main feedback variables driving llie wage-price system is modelled, with particular attention given to the unemployment rate. While several of the most recent models of unemployment show that the aggregate unemployment rate in Australia does indeed behave differently during periods of low and high unemployment, none can explain what drives the unemployment rate to increase at such a rapid rate and what contributes to its much slower decrease. Another central issue of this thesis, therefore, is to propose a rationale for this as yet unexplained phenomenon. The remaining behavioural variables in the model, including aggregate labour productivity, domestic output and the real exchange rate, are all estimated in a single-equation framework. Third, these equations are then combined with a number of important identi- ties and an interest-rate reaction function to close the model. Then, the impacts of several simulated economic scenarios on Australia's economic landscape are considered. Special emphasis is given to analysing the impact of a large nomi- nal wage shock. The outcomes from these simulated scenarios are pertinent to understanding the inflation process and have important implications for a small open economy like Australia with an explicit inflation target. Overall, the major result to emerge from this thesis is that there is significant statistical support for the hypothesis that wage and price inflation in Australia are jointly determined. This phenomenon has not yet been fully exploited in current macroeconometric models of the Australian economy. The modelling exercise also reveals that the Australian unemployment rate is linear in demand and labour productivity shocks, with nonlinear behaviour caused by real wage rigidity and generous unemployment benefits. Importantly, this simple model is able to simulate the behaviour of the Australian economy extremely well. The outcome from the policy scenarios is clear: both demand-side and supply-side shocks have real and nominal effects on the economy in the short- to medium- run, ceteris paribus. Moreover, a large nominal wage shock to the economy, which results in a real wage rise, will have no sustained effect on the level of domestic activity in the economy, the inflation rate or the real exchange rate. Unemployment is, however, pushed slightly above equilibrium in the short- to medium-run due to a sustained higher real wage level.
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Halder, Dibyadeep. "Toxicity of opal Australian paper weak black liquors towards actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2022. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/184110.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of Opal Australian Paper’s (AP’s) waste streams as a potential substrate for biomanufacturing. Three low-value process streams were included in this study: Continuous Kraft Mill (CKM) weak black liquor (WBL), Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical (NSSC) WBL and WBL extracted from NSSC clean-pulp (CP). The primary focus of the study was to determine the chemical composition and extent of toxicity of these WBLs towards Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z. This genetically engineered bacterium can produce a valuable platform chemical, succinic acid, using various carbohydrate sources. This project sought to increase knowledge of AP’s WBL and its suitability as a biomanufacturing substrate. Literature has been reviewed on various pre-treatment pathways for this waste stream, A. succinogenes 130Z and its effectiveness on producing succinic acid, and the analytical techniques that have been used to answer the project objectives. The effectiveness of pre-treating the NSSC and CP WBLs was measured using the following characteristics: (a) the colour content (specific absorbance) using UV-Vis spectroscopy, (b) indicative yields of several organic constituents through pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, (c) the atomic H/C and S/C ratios using an elemental analysis and (d) toxicity of the samples using a combination of semi-quantitative (plating trials) and quantitative (determination of minimum bactericidal concentration) techniques. The impact of an additional pre-treatment step of granular activated carbon for NSSC WBL was also researched here. InfraRed spectroscopy and toxicity analysis helped to conclude that CKM WBL is extremely toxic to Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z and contained negligible amounts of residual sugar units. Characterising the NSSC and CP WBLs at the molecular level revealed the untreated WBLs are rich in lignin-derived methoxyphenols (up to 160 mg/kg) and contained low concentrations of elemental sulphur (up to approx. 1 mg/kg). Infra-red spectroscopy and gas chromatography indicated that the fermentable sugars in the WBLs were very low (< 1.2 mg/kg) even after pre-treatment. Both methoxyphenols and sulphur are known to be toxic to many bacteria and A. succinogenes 130Z could not tolerate more than 0.45 mg/ml (db, dry basis) and 0.78 mg/ml (db) of NSSC and CP WBLs respectively. Employing Amberlite® XAD7HP resins to pre-treat the NSSC and CP WBLs reduced their toxicity 2- to 5-fold, enabling the bacterium to survive in about 2.5 mg/ml (db) and 1 mg/ml (db) of NSSC and CP WBLs respectively. One possible reason for this is the significant reduction in lignin content afforded by this pre-treatment technique. These results conclude that AP’s WBLs are toxic and need to undergo pre-treatment prior to utilisation as a substrate for succinic acid production via fermentation.Master by Research
21
Halder, Dibyadeep. "Toxicity of opal Australian paper weak black liquors towards actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2022. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/183622.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of Opal Australian Paper’s (AP’s) waste streams as a potential substrate for biomanufacturing. Three low-value process streams were included in this study: Continuous Kraft Mill (CKM) weak black liquor (WBL), Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical (NSSC) WBL and WBL extracted from NSSC clean-pulp (CP). The primary focus of the study was to determine the chemical composition and extent of toxicity of these WBLs towards Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z. This genetically engineered bacterium can produce a valuable platform chemical, succinic acid, using various carbohydrate sources. This project sought to increase knowledge of AP’s WBL and its suitability as a biomanufacturing substrate. Literature has been reviewed on various pre-treatment pathways for this waste stream, A. succinogenes 130Z and its effectiveness on producing succinic acid, and the analytical techniques that have been used to answer the project objectives. The effectiveness of pre-treating the NSSC and CP WBLs was measured using the following characteristics: (a) the colour content (specific absorbance) using UV-Vis spectroscopy, (b) indicative yields of several organic constituents through pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, (c) the atomic H/C and S/C ratios using an elemental analysis and (d) toxicity of the samples using a combination of semi-quantitative (plating trials) and quantitative (determination of minimum bactericidal concentration) techniques. The impact of an additional pre-treatment step of granular activated carbon for NSSC WBL was also researched here. InfraRed spectroscopy and toxicity analysis helped to conclude that CKM WBL is extremely toxic to Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z and contained negligible amounts of residual sugar units. Characterising the NSSC and CP WBLs at the molecular level revealed the untreated WBLs are rich in lignin-derived methoxyphenols (up to 160 mg/kg) and contained low concentrations of elemental sulphur (up to approx. 1 mg/kg). Infra-red spectroscopy and gas chromatography indicated that the fermentable sugars in the WBLs were very low (< 1.2 mg/kg) even after pre-treatment. Both methoxyphenols and sulphur are known to be toxic to many bacteria and A. succinogenes 130Z could not tolerate more than 0.45 mg/ml (db, dry basis) and 0.78 mg/ml (db) of NSSC and CP WBLs respectively. Employing Amberlite® XAD7HP resins to pre-treat the NSSC and CP WBLs reduced their toxicity 2- to 5-fold, enabling the bacterium to survive in about 2.5 mg/ml (db) and 1 mg/ml (db) of NSSC and CP WBLs respectively. One possible reason for this is the significant reduction in lignin content afforded by this pre-treatment technique. These results conclude that AP’s WBLs are toxic and need to undergo pre-treatment prior to utilisation as a substrate for succinic acid production via fermentation.Masters by Research
22
Cradduck, Lucy Margaret. "The future of the internet economy : addressing challenges facing the implementation of the Australian national broadband network." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46636/1/Lucy_Cradduck_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Innovation is vital for the future of Australia.s internet economy. Innovations rely on businesses. ability to innovate. Businesses. ability to innovate relies on their employees. The more these individual end users engage in the internet economy, the better businesses. engagement will be. The less these individual end users engage, the less likely a business is to engage and innovate. This means, for the internet economy to function at its fullest potential, it is essential that individual Australians have the capacity to engage with it and participate in it. The Australian federal government is working to facilitate the internet economy through policies, legislation and practices that implement high-speed broadband. The National Broadband Network will be a vital tool for Australia.s internet economy. Its .chief importance¡® is that it will provide faster internet access speeds that will facilitate access to internet services and content. However, an appropriate infrastructure and internet speed is only part of the picture. As the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development identified, appropriate government policies are also needed to ensure that vital services are more accessible by consumers. The thesis identifies essential theories and principles underpinning the internet economy and from which the concept of connectedness is developed. Connectedness is defined as the ability of end users to connect with internet content and services, other individuals and organisations, and government. That is, their ability to operate in the internet economy. The NBN will be vital in ensuring connectedness into the future. What is not currently addressed by existing access regimes is how to facilitate end user access capacity and participation. The thesis concludes by making recommendations to the federal government as to what the governing principles of the Australian internet economy should include in order to enable individual end user access capacity.
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Dibley-Maher, Paul. "Friend or foe? The impact of the Hawke/Keating neoliberal reforms on Australian workers and the Australian public sector." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/54641/1/Paul_Dibley-Maher_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last three decades neoliberalism has transitioned from occupying the margins of economic policy debate to becoming the dominant approach by governments and their economic advisers, a process that has accelerated with the collapse of the former Stalinist states in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. This thesis adopts a Marxist framework for understanding this process, beginning as it did in the realm of relatively abstract philosophical and ideological debate to the permeation of neoliberal values throughout all capitalist institutions, including the state bureaucracy. This necessarily means a focus on the dialectical relationship between the rise of neoliberalism and the shifting balance of class forces that accompanied the success of the neoliberal project in transforming the dominant economic policy paradigm. The extent to which neoliberal reforms impacted on workers and public sector institutions, along with the success or otherwise of traditional working class institutions in defending the material interests of workers will therefore be a recurring theme throughout this body of work. The evidence borne from this research and analysis suggests a major shift in the dialectic of class struggle in favour of the power of capital over labour during the period covered, with the neoliberal age being one of defeat for a labour movement that largely failed to adopt successful strategies for defending itself.
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Sanderson, Donald Mark. "Food in an Australian primary school curriculum : a critical sociological study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63618/1/Donald_Sanderson_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Food is a multidimensional construct. It has social, cultural, economic, psychological, emotional, biological, and political dimensions. It is both a material object and a catalyst for a range of social and cultural action. Richly implicated in the social and cultural milieu, food is a central marker of culture and society. Yet little is known about the messages and knowledges in the school curriculum about food. Popular debates around food in schools are largely connected with biomedical issues of obesity, exercise and nutrition.
This is a study of the sociological dimensions of food-related messages, practices and knowledge formations in the primary school curriculum. It uses an exploratory, qualitative case study methodology to identify and examine the food activities of a Year 5 class in a Queensland school. Data was gathered over a twoyear period using observation, documentation and interviews methods.
Food was found to be an integral part of the primary school's activity. It had economic, symbolic, pedagogic, and instrumental value. Messages about food were found in the official, enacted and hidden curricular which were framed by a food governance framework of legislation, procedures and norms. In the school studied, food knowledge was commodified as a part of a political economy that centred on an 'eat more' message. Certain foods were privileged over others while myths about energy, fruit, fruit juice and sugar shaped student dispositions, values, norms and action. There was little engagement with the cognitive and behavioural dimensions of food and nutrition. The thesis concludes with recommendations for a whole scale reconsideration of food in schools as curricular content and knowledge.
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Rooney, David, and n/a. "Playing Second Fiddle: A History of the Relationship Between Technology and Organisation in the Australian Music Economy (1901-1990)." Griffith University. School of Arts, 1996. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050920.154417.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a socio-economic history of the relationship between music technology and organisational practices in twentieth-century Australia. It argues that the history of technology in the Australian music economy is dependent not only upon the changing technical characteristics of musical instruments and electronic consumer goods but also upon government policy-making, management practices in music technology manufacturing firms and patterns of music technology consumption. The thesis examines economic statistics regarding the import, export and local production of music technology in Australia. The economic statistics have not previously been examined in relation to the history of music technology in Australia. The historical analysis is structured according to a four-part periodisation which includes the Electric Age (1901-1930), the Electronic Age (1930-1950), the Transistor Age (1950-1970) and the Information Age (1970-1990). This periodisation enables the analysis to continually be refocussed as the key technological and socio-economic dynamics change. With this perspective, the history of the relationship between technology and organisation in the Australian music economy has been demonstrated to be dependent on a number of key technological changes. The thesis examines changes including the shift from acoustic to electric recording; the development of transistor-based consumer electronics goods; and the advent of digital information technology. However, a number of key social determinants, particularly organisational modes, are examined including changes from protectionist to more deregulated trade policy; lack of business skills in areas such as marketing, manufacturing technique and industrial research and development; and the development of a sense of popular modernity which is expressed in the consumption of new, technically advanced and glamorous music technology. In addition to the new perspectives on the history of music technology provided by the analysis of empirical economic data, this thesis contributes to the historiography of technology. The analytical framework it proposes locates music technology within what is described as an assemblage of technologies: technologies of production, technologies of sign systems, technologies of power and technologies of the self. This approach makes clear the interdependence of technological and social factors, and the inadequacy of narrow technological determinist and social constructivist accounts. The notion of an assemblage of technologies is further embellished by drawing upon key elements of recent theories of systems analysis: the seamless web, evolution and chaos theory. Through this analytical framework and the socio-economic analysis of the relationship between music technology and organisational practices, the thesis demonstrates that the history of technology cannot be understood unless it is seen as part of a complex and interacting technical, social, economic and institutional system.
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Rooney, David. "Playing Second Fiddle: A History of the Relationship Between Technology and Organisation in the Australian Music Economy (1901-1990)." Thesis, Griffith University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367206.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a socio-economic history of the relationship between music technology and organisational practices in twentieth-century Australia. It argues that the history of technology in the Australian music economy is dependent not only upon the changing technical characteristics of musical instruments and electronic consumer goods but also upon government policy-making, management practices in music technology manufacturing firms and patterns of music technology consumption. The thesis examines economic statistics regarding the import, export and local production of music technology in Australia. The economic statistics have not previously been examined in relation to the history of music technology in Australia. The historical analysis is structured according to a four-part periodisation which includes the Electric Age (1901-1930), the Electronic Age (1930-1950), the Transistor Age (1950-1970) and the Information Age (1970-1990). This periodisation enables the analysis to continually be refocussed as the key technological and socio-economic dynamics change. With this perspective, the history of the relationship between technology and organisation in the Australian music economy has been demonstrated to be dependent on a number of key technological changes. The thesis examines changes including the shift from acoustic to electric recording; the development of transistor-based consumer electronics goods; and the advent of digital information technology. However, a number of key social determinants, particularly organisational modes, are examined including changes from protectionist to more deregulated trade policy; lack of business skills in areas such as marketing, manufacturing technique and industrial research and development; and the development of a sense of popular modernity which is expressed in the consumption of new, technically advanced and glamorous music technology. In addition to the new perspectives on the history of music technology provided by the analysis of empirical economic data, this thesis contributes to the historiography of technology. The analytical framework it proposes locates music technology within what is described as an assemblage of technologies: technologies of production, technologies of sign systems, technologies of power and technologies of the self. This approach makes clear the interdependence of technological and social factors, and the inadequacy of narrow technological determinist and social constructivist accounts. The notion of an assemblage of technologies is further embellished by drawing upon key elements of recent theories of systems analysis: the seamless web, evolution and chaos theory. Through this analytical framework and the socio-economic analysis of the relationship between music technology and organisational practices, the thesis demonstrates that the history of technology cannot be understood unless it is seen as part of a complex and interacting technical, social, economic and institutional system.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts
Full Text
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Munro, Kirsty. "Regulatory reform in the Japanese economy : the case study of the liquor industry and the implications for Australian exporters /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arm968.pdf.
Full text
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Esmaeilpoorarabi, Niusha. "A methodological approach for establishing place quality in Australian innovation districts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132153/2/Niusha%20Esmaeilpoorarabi%20Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research study aims to develop an integrated perspective of place quality in the context of knowledge economy; since place quality is recognised as an effective tool for attracting talented workers and knowledge-intensive industries. The study adopts a multi-scalar investigation to explore place quality in different geographical scales and specialise it for the district scale. A mixed-method approach including both qualitative and quantitative techniques has been designed to conduct the project. This doctoral study develops robust frameworks to theoretically define and practically evaluate place quality in innovation districts. These frameworks deliver significant directions for planning and designing of innovation districts.
29
Taylor, Shane Patrick. "Processes of agglomeration and dispersal acting upon a producer service : the location of language tranlating and interpreting service providers in the Australian space economy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.
Find full text
30
Fairley, Sheranne, and n/a. "Sport Fan Tourism: Understanding Those Who Travel To Follow Sport Teams." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070716.153940.
Full textAbstract:
Sport events and attractions which encourage both participants and spectators are seen as significant contributors to the tourism economy (Delpy, 1998; Glyptis, 1991; Standeven & DeKnop, 1999). Further, Gratton and Taylor (2000) note that sport related travel accounts for 7% of total expenditure on sport. To date, the main focus of event sport tourism research has been on the economic impact of large-scale sport events (Burgan & Mules, 1992; Crompton, 1995; Mules & Faulkner, 1996; Walo, Bull, & Breen, 1996). However, Higham (1999) posits that smaller scale events such as regular season games may be of greater benefit to the host community as these events are hosted within existing infrastructure and therefore limit the need for public expenditure. However, fans who travel to regular season competition are a market segment that has been largely ignored by both sport and tourism marketers. Sport marketers have focused on home game attendance, media viewership and product purchases, while tourism marketers have focused on leveraging the destination. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fans who travel organise a substantial proportion of their discretionary time and income around this activity. Recent research by Gibson, Willming and Holdnak (2002, 2003) has begun to understand the behaviours of sport fans who travel to home games. This study seeks to understand the behaviours and experiences of those who travel to attend away games. In particular the study asks: What motivates fans to travel to follow professional sport teams, what experiences fans have and seek during the travel, and what place does travelling to follow a sport team have in the overall consumption behaviour of sport fans. This study examined the motives and experiences of six fan groups travelling interstate to follow their Australian Football League (AFL) team in the 2001 season. As the behaviours and experiences of those who travel to follow sport teams have not previously been explored, exploratory analysis using an iterative process of constant comparison between data colleted from the research setting and the existent literature. Using this method the researcher was able to describe the social world under investigation without preconceived hypotheses. The researcher travelled interstate with each fan group, and collected data via participant observation and interviews with key informants. Data were coded using standard protocols for analysis of qualitative data (Spradley, 1980). The researcher read through the transcripts and field notes and coded all phrases and opinions from the manuscript. Data were analysed through the process of data reduction, selective sampling of the literature, and selected sampling of the data (Stern, 1980). From the initial codes, data reduction identified core variables and emergent themes. Through this grounded theory methodology, a conceptual model was developed which illustrates the motives and experiences of those who travel to follow professional sport teams. Three distinct types of groups were identified, each garnering a distinctive sport tourism experience. The groups identified were: supporter groups, long-term travel groups, and temporary travel groups. While travel to follow the team is the stated rationale for all three groups, the game experience for each is substantially different, four major themes emerged which distinguished the groups and the experiences that they had. These were: (1) group structure, (2) trip characteristics, (3) socialisation, and (4) game experience and reaction to game outcome. Each type of group was found to have a distinct group structure, communication pattern, but differed in terms of the objects to which they identified. Findings suggest that sport fans do not necessarily identify with the team or related object, but can identify with a smaller social group, which has a shared interest in the team. These elements of group structure and point of identification were found to have a reciprocal relationship with various travel elements that were utilised by each group including the mode of transport, temporal elements, choice of destination, and activities at the destination. In particular, the travel elements were chosen so that each group type could best express and experience that which is core to each group. Further analysis suggested that the experience of each of the groups was influenced by the continual development of the group both before and during the travel experience. For the supporter groups and long-term travel groups, rituals, symbols, and folklore played a key role in the experience. These elements of performance were used to continually shape and interpret the travel experience. One would expect that the game would have elevated importance, as it is the activity that legitimates each group. However, the on-field game did not have prime importance. Instead the different points of identification of each group were used as a basis through which the game was experienced. Key implications for sport and tourism marketing suggest that the sport tourism experience is more than an experience of place or an experience of watching the sport. Identification with a small social group is sufficient to generate travel to follow a team. By providing a setting which immerses participants in a particular identity for a prolonged period of time, the act of travelling itself can create a social climate that encourages participants to undertake the trip week after week, and form deep connection to the team. Implications for practice and future research directions are also discussed.
31
Fairley, Sheranne. "Sport Fan Tourism: Understanding Those Who Travel To Follow Sport Teams." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366608.
Full textAbstract:
Sport events and attractions which encourage both participants and spectators are seen as significant contributors to the tourism economy (Delpy, 1998; Glyptis, 1991; Standeven & DeKnop, 1999). Further, Gratton and Taylor (2000) note that sport related travel accounts for 7% of total expenditure on sport. To date, the main focus of event sport tourism research has been on the economic impact of large-scale sport events (Burgan & Mules, 1992; Crompton, 1995; Mules & Faulkner, 1996; Walo, Bull, & Breen, 1996). However, Higham (1999) posits that smaller scale events such as regular season games may be of greater benefit to the host community as these events are hosted within existing infrastructure and therefore limit the need for public expenditure. However, fans who travel to regular season competition are a market segment that has been largely ignored by both sport and tourism marketers. Sport marketers have focused on home game attendance, media viewership and product purchases, while tourism marketers have focused on leveraging the destination. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fans who travel organise a substantial proportion of their discretionary time and income around this activity. Recent research by Gibson, Willming and Holdnak (2002, 2003) has begun to understand the behaviours of sport fans who travel to home games. This study seeks to understand the behaviours and experiences of those who travel to attend away games. In particular the study asks: What motivates fans to travel to follow professional sport teams, what experiences fans have and seek during the travel, and what place does travelling to follow a sport team have in the overall consumption behaviour of sport fans. This study examined the motives and experiences of six fan groups travelling interstate to follow their Australian Football League (AFL) team in the 2001 season. As the behaviours and experiences of those who travel to follow sport teams have not previously been explored, exploratory analysis using an iterative process of constant comparison between data colleted from the research setting and the existent literature. Using this method the researcher was able to describe the social world under investigation without preconceived hypotheses. The researcher travelled interstate with each fan group, and collected data via participant observation and interviews with key informants. Data were coded using standard protocols for analysis of qualitative data (Spradley, 1980). The researcher read through the transcripts and field notes and coded all phrases and opinions from the manuscript. Data were analysed through the process of data reduction, selective sampling of the literature, and selected sampling of the data (Stern, 1980). From the initial codes, data reduction identified core variables and emergent themes. Through this grounded theory methodology, a conceptual model was developed which illustrates the motives and experiences of those who travel to follow professional sport teams. Three distinct types of groups were identified, each garnering a distinctive sport tourism experience. The groups identified were: supporter groups, long-term travel groups, and temporary travel groups. While travel to follow the team is the stated rationale for all three groups, the game experience for each is substantially different, four major themes emerged which distinguished the groups and the experiences that they had. These were: (1) group structure, (2) trip characteristics, (3) socialisation, and (4) game experience and reaction to game outcome. Each type of group was found to have a distinct group structure, communication pattern, but differed in terms of the objects to which they identified. Findings suggest that sport fans do not necessarily identify with the team or related object, but can identify with a smaller social group, which has a shared interest in the team. These elements of group structure and point of identification were found to have a reciprocal relationship with various travel elements that were utilised by each group including the mode of transport, temporal elements, choice of destination, and activities at the destination. In particular, the travel elements were chosen so that each group type could best express and experience that which is core to each group. Further analysis suggested that the experience of each of the groups was influenced by the continual development of the group both before and during the travel experience. For the supporter groups and long-term travel groups, rituals, symbols, and folklore played a key role in the experience. These elements of performance were used to continually shape and interpret the travel experience. One would expect that the game would have elevated importance, as it is the activity that legitimates each group. However, the on-field game did not have prime importance. Instead the different points of identification of each group were used as a basis through which the game was experienced. Key implications for sport and tourism marketing suggest that the sport tourism experience is more than an experience of place or an experience of watching the sport. Identification with a small social group is sufficient to generate travel to follow a team. By providing a setting which immerses participants in a particular identity for a prolonged period of time, the act of travelling itself can create a social climate that encourages participants to undertake the trip week after week, and form deep connection to the team. Implications for practice and future research directions are also discussed.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Wright, Natalie. "The goDesign immersion program: Fostering design-led educational innovation in regional Australian schools." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123067/1/Natalie_Wright_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis proposes a new research area and framework for Design-led Educational Innovation which, based on approaches applied from the business, design and education sectors, outlines how design thinking capabilities might be developed for twenty-first century skill development and life-long learning. The framework is validated and refined through the findings of a mapping study and an informal, context-adaptive, regional secondary school design immersion program called goDesign, conducted in Queensland, Australia.
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Alestad, Linda, and Catrine Bergqvist. "A natural economic experiment : An analysis of the macroeconomic consequenses of the Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7024.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we analyze the macroeconomic impact of the tsunami in 2004 on the Sri Lankan economy. The theoretical framework we use, the Australian model of a developing economy, gives direct or indirect predictions for the development of a number of variables after a natural disaster. In our case, we believe that the main reason for developments of the output variables and the exchange rate is the extraordinary large and rapid inflow of foreign aid money. In summary, we find the overall impact of the tsunami on the Sri Lankan economy to be minor.
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Windsor, Carol A. "Industry policy, finance and the AIDC : Australia from the 1950s to the 1970s." Thesis, University of Queensland, 2009. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:189307.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis, conceived within a Marxist framework, addresses key conceptual issues in the writing and theorising on industry policy in post second world- war Australia. Broadly, the thesis challenges the way that industry policy on the left of politics (reflected in the social democratic and Keynesian positions) has been constructed as a practical, progressive policy agenda. Specifically, the thesis poses a direct challenge to the primacy of the ‘national’ in interpreting the history of industry policy. The challenge is to the proposition that conflicts between national industry and international finance arose only from the mid 1980s. On the contrary, as will be seen, this is a 1960s issue and any interpretation of the debates and the agendas surrounding industry policy in the 1980s must be predicated on an understanding of how the issue was played out two decades earlier. As was the case in the 1960s, industry policy in the 1980s has been isolated from two key areas of interrogation: the role of the nation state in regulating accumulation and the role of finance in industry policy. In the 1950s and more so in the 1960s and early 1970s there was a reconfiguration of financing internationally but it is one that did not enter into industry policy analysis. The central concern therefore is to simultaneously sketch the historical political economy on industry policy from the 1950s through to the early 1970s in Australia and to analytically and empirically insert the role of finance into that history. In so doing the thesis addresses the economic and social factors that shaped the approach to industry finance in Australia during this critical period. The analysis is supported by a detailed examination of political and industry debates surrounding the proposal for, and institution of, a key national intervention in the form of the Australian Industry Development Corporation (AIDC).
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Vanbrook, Casimir. "The determinants of the price of quota : the textile clothing and footwear sectors of the Australian economy 1982 to 1986. The case of footwear quota categories 215 and 216 /." Title page, contents, introduction and outline only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09eci93.pdf.
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Kuhn, Rick. "Paradise on the instalment plan the economic thought of the Australian labour movement between the depression and the long boom /." Connect to full text, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1271.
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Sharma, Avish. "The Impact of Monetary Policy on Homeownership." Thesis, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, School of Economics, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29884.
Full textAbstract:
From a theoretical perspective, monetary policy has an ambiguous impact on homeownership. For instance, contractionary monetary policy leads to higher interest rates and lower incomes making housing more unaffordable, but counteracting this is lower house prices. I build a heterogeneous agent overlapping generations model of the Australian housing market parameterising these three key transmission channels to study the sign and magnitude of the response of homeownership to monetary policy. I find there is a small positive effect of homeownership to a one standard deviation unanticipated contractionary monetary policy shock, with the shift in house prices explaining much of the movement in the homeownership rate.
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Arthur, William Stewart. "Between two worlds: Aboriginal cultural autonomy and economic assimilation in remote Western Australia in the 1980s." Master's thesis, University of Western Australia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/269914.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the possibility that in remote regions of
Australia there may be some contradiction between the aim of
economic assimilation as reflected in the policy of self management, and the aim of cultural autonomy as reflected in
the policy of self-determination. This is done by analysing
the way the work performed by Aboriginal people was organised
in the industries of a region of the west Kimberley of Western
Australia during 1985 and 1986.
The thesis concludes that cultural factors did appear to
influence the way that Aboriginal people were involved in the
economy, and that these factors were most prevalent where
Aboriginal control was greatest. However, it was noted that
other factors also influenced Aboriginal involvement in the
economy. These included the very low levels of training in all
industries and in economic management, as well as the
restrictions on full-time employment imposed by the region's
seasons.
The thesis also proposes that the Aboriginal traditional
attachment to remote regions, such as the west Kimberley, makes
economic assimilation and self-management difficult because of
the limited potential of such regions to provide the necessary
economic activity, within the mainstream economy of the nation state
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Venn, Tyron James. "Socio-economic evaluation of forestry development opportunities for Wik people on Cape York Peninsula /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20041216.093003/index.html.
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Beeson, Mark. "Neoliberalism and Australia's Economic Relationship with Japan: Policy Paradigms in a Global Political Economy." Thesis, Beeson, Mark (1996) Neoliberalism and Australia's Economic Relationship with Japan: Policy Paradigms in a Global Political Economy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22952/.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing internationalisation and integration of global economic activity has meant that the way nations seek to manage and accommodate such external imperatives is a critical determinant of national economic welfare. There has, however, been a notable variety of responses to these ubiquitous forces. In Australia, neoliberal ideas came to exert a powerful ideational influence over policy-makers during the 1980s as they attempted to reposition 'Australia' in response to the exigencies of external competition.
This thesis will argue that Australian policy makers' commitment to neoliberal ideas meant that policy was constructed within a limited set of theoretical parameters, which were unable to take account of the specific corporate and governmental practices of major trading partners. The thesis analyses the utility and effect of neoliberal ideas on the conduct of Australia's international economic relations, with particular reference to Japan. Japan is Australia's principal trading partner, an important potential source of investment capital, and the dominant economic actor in a region with which Australian policymakers seek greater 'integration'. This important economic relationship provides an appropriate case study with which to test the efficacy of the neoliberal model and the assumptions that inform it.
It will be demonstrated that some of the central concepts and assumptions of neo-classical theory, which are central to the discourse of neoliberalism, bear little resemblance to commercial practices in the region of which Australia is a part. In the course of this study, it will be argued that the dominance of neoliberal ideas may be best understood by considering their discursive influence, particularly as this was reinforced by an influential group of academics and government officials. The theoretical assumptions of these ideas will be examined, and the preconditions that rendered them attractive at a specific historical juncture detailed. It will be suggested that neoliberal ideas informed a specific political rationality which had discernible effects on a range of policy issues in Australia, but which was especially evident in the area of external economic policy.
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Hayes, Anna-Lisa. "Aborigines, tourism and Central Australia : national visions disarticulated from local realities." Thesis, Macquarie University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/281585.
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Thinking about Aborigines and tourism has a short but dynamic history. Twenty years ago Aboriginal presence was seen as an intrusion on white enjoyment of geological formations and wildlife in an unpeopled landscape
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Wood, Richard. "Structural evolution of environment and economy in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5329.
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The purpose of this research is to help understand the key relationships in an evolving economic structure that are driving resource use and greenhouse gas emissions in Australia. The approach involves looking at the factors and relationships that underpin economic growth in Australia. This research seeks to understand the changes in these factors by taking a historical perspective to the determinants of environmental impact through an investigation of structural changes over a period of 30 years. A detailed model is developed using the macro-economic tool of input-output analysis. This model makes it possible to investigate inter-relationships and intra-relationships between sectors of the environment, the economy and the population at disparate scales.
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Wood, Richard. "Structural evolution of environment and economy in Australia." University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5329.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)The purpose of this research is to help understand the key relationships in an evolving economic structure that are driving resource use and greenhouse gas emissions in Australia. The approach involves looking at the factors and relationships that underpin economic growth in Australia. This research seeks to understand the changes in these factors by taking a historical perspective to the determinants of environmental impact through an investigation of structural changes over a period of 30 years. A detailed model is developed using the macro-economic tool of input-output analysis. This model makes it possible to investigate inter-relationships and intra-relationships between sectors of the environment, the economy and the population at disparate scales.
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Mundy, Warren. "Australian economic development : a state perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389877.
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Gibran, Nogueira Denise. "The sharing economy: Contributions to food security in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127580/1/Denise_Gibran%20Nogueira_Thesis.pdf.
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This research explores the contributions of the sharing economy to food security in Australia by examining how the sharing economy promotes access to food to a population that is unable to acquire enough healthy quality food to meet their needs. The findings of this research offer a range of sharing economy approaches to address food insecurity and provide evidence of the contributions and constraints of the sharing economy to access to food, core element of food security. The study identifies practices and policies that can be developed to achieve food security in a more meaningful way in Australia.
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Averis, Roslyn Ann. "Regulation revisited : Australia's new economy and regulation theory /." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ara952.pdf.
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Reif, Alison. "Waves of change : economic development and social wellbeing in Cardwell, North Queensland, Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0184.
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This thesis is an anthropological study of local understandings of economic development in a small regional town in far North Queensland, Australia. How do preferences regarding lifestyle and social wellbeing impact on those living in the community? The study takes a particular interest in the aspirations, values and choices of the residents and their desires for the future and the future of their town. Throughout this thesis I argue that social wellbeing and lifestyle are important factors in Cardwell residents' choices and feature predominantly in their approaches to economic development. I contextualise this study through a comparative analysis of the effects of economic development on the wellbeing and lifestyle of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in the Cardwell region of north Australia. This comparison arises firstly from an anthropological interest in the circumstances of Australian Aboriginal people as a significant minority in regional towns. Explicit attention is directed toward the Aboriginal people of the Cardwell region as they constitute a socially and culturally distinct sector of the local population. Secondly, my study explores ways in which comparative work of this kind may be instructive on cultural issues relevant to economic development. This is a study of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people, who live in similar circumstances, and who, I propose, regard factors other than economic development as important. It is argued that while the Cardwell region does not provide ample nor a variety of economic opportunities, outward migration remains undesirable to many residents.
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Cotton, Daniel. "Bordering (on) Racism: Migration, Division, and Consent in Australia." Thesis, Department of Political Economy, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17729.
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Visessuvanapoom, Vinit. "State and economy in Thailand: the possibility of establishing a developmental state." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28173.
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This dissertation addresses the question of whether the Thai state is already a
developmental state or could readily become one early in the 21St century. To begin with it identifies the two principal conditions that have to be satisfied, namely commitment to develop and state capacity to influence development. The latter of ‘which in turn depends on the state’s general authority (legitimacy) and its general regulatory capacity. The focus of the dissertation is on the particular capacities that can be said to characterise a developmental state in the present era. These particular capacities are, first, the particular capacities providing the basis of industry policy as identified in the analyses of the earlier formation of developmental states by Chalmers Johnson and his successors and, second, certain complementary capacities which are required to meet the challenges of the twenty—first century. The body of the dissertation is an examination of whether, and to what extent, the particular capacities exist within Thailand or could readily be brought into existence. The dissertation further examines the commitment to development in Thailand through an examination of contemporary Thai polity and specifically the state’s ability, under a Thaksin administration in particular, to govern conflicts within the Thai polity in a manner consistent with broad development. It is recognised that insofar as the state’s capacity to influence development also depends on its general authority (the legitimacy of the state), that authority also is sensitive to its ability to govern conflict resolution. The dissertation ends by speculating about how different the commitment to development might be under another Democrat-led administration. The overall conclusion of the dissertation is that, while the Thai state does indeed possess critical capacities for the pursuit of industry policy, other essential capacities - fundamental and complementary
— as well as legitimacy and commitment to development are weak and not obviously being strengthened. That being the case, it would only be wishful thinking to say that Thailand is already a developmental state.
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Rey, Marie-Bénédicte. "La destinée asiatique de l'Australie." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030061.
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Avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l’Australie était fermée à l’Asie, motivée par la peur du "péril jaune" et un sentiment de supériorité raciale ; la majeure partie de sa population venait d’Europe et le pays se plaçait sous la protection britannique pour éviter l’"invasion asiatique". La Seconde Guerre mondiale et le processus de décolonisation bouleversèrent la géopolitique de l’Australie qui prit conscience de l’importance de son voisinage pour sa sécurité et pour sa prospérité. En tant que pays occidental situé au bord de l’Asie, l’Australie devait trouver sa place dans le nouveau contexte et se repenser pour adapter son histoire à sa géographie. C’est ainsi que le gouvernement développa les relations économiques et politiques avec les pays voisins et ouvrit le pays aux Asiatiques. Ce processus d’engagement régional, qui s’intensifia entre 1942 et 2002, allait changer la perception identitaire du pays et de son peupleBefore the Second World War, Australia’s borders were closed to Asia’s peoples and relations with the Asian countries were limited ; this was justified by the nation’s fear of the "yellow peril" and a sense of racial superiority. At that time, the vast majority of Australia’s population originated from Europe and the protection offered by Great Britain in part assisted in the avoidance of an "Asian invasion". World War Two and the process of decolonisation brought about a drastic change in the geopolitics of Australia, and the importance of the Asian region with respect to the nation’s security and prosperity began to be recognised. As a Western country on the fringe of Asia, Australia had to find its place in this new context and to reinvent itself to reconcile its history with its geography. In this respect, the Australian government soon developed economic and political relations with the neighbouring countries and opened immigration channels to people of the Asian region. This process of regional engagement, which intensified between 1942 and 2002, would change the perceived identity perception of the country and of its people