Academic literature on the topic 'Australian Defence Group'

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Journal articles on the topic "Australian Defence Group"

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Arnold, Kathryn E. "Group Mobbing Behaviour and Nest Defence in a Cooperatively Breeding Australian Bird." Ethology 106, no. 5 (May 2000): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2000.00545.x.

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Smith, Cathy, and Drew Donnelly. "Case Studies of Fatigue Failures in Defence Aircraft Components." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.81.

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Components and systems of military aircraft are regularly subjected to severe operating conditions, which lead to the development of a wide range of failure modes. The Defence Science and Technology Organisations (DSTO) Forensic Engineering and Accident Investigation group investigates such failures for the Australian Defence Force (ADF). Correct diagnosis of these failures has provided the ADF with immediate advice that has contributed to increased aircraft safety, improved operational availability, and significant cost savings. This paper presents a number of case studies of recent fatigue failures which have occurred in Australian Defence aircraft. The case studies include examples of failures which occurred via differing fatigue initiating and driving mechanisms. Details of the forensic investigations relating to each case study are provided and the ensuing remedial actions discussed.
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Greenwell, C. N. "Inferred predation of Fairy Tern eggs by Ruddy Turnstones at Rottnest Island, Western Australia, an internationally significant shorebird site." Australian Field Ornithology 38 (2021): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo38115117.

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Ruddy Turnstones Arenaria interpres have been identified as egg-predators at seabird and shorebird colonies, including gull and tern colonies in the tropics and Northern Hemisphere. The Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis is a threatened (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Vulnerable) coastal seabird, whose breeding behaviour and ecology expose it to a wide range of threats. This study describes inferred predation on Fairy Tern eggs at a small breeding colony on Rottnest Island, Western Australia, by Ruddy Turnstones, a previously unsuspected predator for thisspecies. Unlike the behavioural response shown towards Silver Gulls Larus novaehollandiae and Australian Ravens Corvus coronoides, which includes collective group defence and dive-bombing, Fairy Terns showed a lack of aggression towards Turnstones within the colony. The lack of a behavioural response suggests that the Terns did not recognise the Turnstones as predators, which may increase the risk of egg-predation. This study suggests that we should be alert to threats from unsuspected predators, which have the potential to reduce the breeding success of this Vulnerable tern.
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Bonanno, Daniel R., George S. Murley, Shannon E. Munteanu, Karl B. Landorf, and Hylton B. Menz. "Effectiveness of foot orthoses for the prevention of lower limb overuse injuries in naval recruits: a randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 5 (October 22, 2017): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098273.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of prefabricated foot orthoses for the prevention of lower limb overuse injuries in naval recruits.MethodsThis study was a participant-blinded and assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomised controlled trial. Three-hundred and six participants aged 17–50 years who undertook 11 weeks of initial defence training at the Royal Australian Navy Recruit School (Cerberus, Australia) were randomised to a control group (flat insoles, n=153) or an intervention group (contoured, prefabricated foot orthoses, n=153). The combined incidence of medial tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis/plantar heel pain during the 11-week training period were compared using incidence rate ratios (IRR). Data were analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsSixty-seven injuries (21.9%) were recorded. The control and intervention group sustained 40 (26.1%) and 27 (17.6%) injuries, respectively (IRR 0.66, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.11, p=0.098). This corresponds to a 34% reduction in risk of developing medial tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy or plantar fasciitis/plantar heel for the intervention group compared with the control group. Participants in the prefabricated orthoses group were more likely to report at least one adverse event (20.3% vs 12.4%; relative risk (RR) 1.63, 95% CI 0.96 to 2.76; p=0.068; number needed to harm 13, 95% CI 6 to 253). The most common adverse events were foot blisters (n=20, 6.6%), arch pain (n=10, 3.3%) and shin pain (n=8, 2.6%).ConclusionPrefabricated foot orthoses may be beneficial for reducing the incidence of lower limb injury in naval recruits undertaking defence training.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12615000024549.
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Greenwood, N. N., and J. A. Spink. "An Antipodean laboratory of remarkable distinction." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 57, no. 1 (January 22, 2003): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2003.0197.

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In an astonishingly short period in September 1939, while on a brief visit from England, F.P. Bowden (FRS 1948) conceived the need, and obtained the approval of the Australian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), to establish a wartime friction and bearings research laboratory within the University of Melbourne. He recruited a galaxy of young talent, which during the following six years made major contributions to four very diverse defence-related problems. The infant laboratory survived the peace and eventually evolved into the internationally admired Division of Tribophysics. Many of the original members of the group went on to distinguished careers in Australia, the UK and elsewhere. The story of the exciting early days of the laboratory and the subsequent achievements of its staff are briefly described.
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McKENZIE, D. P., J. F. IKIN, A. C. McFARLANE, M. CREAMER, A. B. FORBES, H. L. KELSALL, D. C. GLASS, P. ITTAK, and M. R. SIM. "Psychological health of Australian veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: an assessment using the SF-12, GHQ-12 and PCL-S." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 8 (November 2004): 1419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002818.

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Background. Elevated rates of psychological morbidity and symptomatology have been widely reported in 1991 Gulf War veterans. The present study used brief self-report instruments to compare the psychological health of Australian Gulf War veterans with that of a randomly sampled military comparison group.Method. The 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Specific (PCL-S) and Military Service Experience (MSE) questionnaire were administered to 1424 male Australian Gulf War veterans and 1548 male Australian Defence Force members who were operational at the time of the Gulf War conflict, but were not deployed there.Results. The Gulf War veterans exhibited poorer psychological health, as measured by the above three instruments, than the comparison group members. For Gulf War veterans, the number of stressful experiences, as measured by the MSE questionnaire, was correlated with scores on the three instruments. SF-12 mental health component summary scores and PCL-S caseness, but not GHQ-12 caseness, differed significantly between Gulf War veterans and comparison group members who had been on at least one active deployment.Conclusions. More than a decade after the 1991 Gulf War, Australian Gulf War veterans are exhibiting higher levels of current (past month) psychological ill-health, as measured using the GHQ-12 and PCL-S, as well as lower mental health status, as measured by the SF-12, than the comparison group. Although not a replacement for formal psychiatric diagnosis, instruments such as those above may aid in the assessment of veterans' psychological health.
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Siebler, Philip, and Christopher Goddard. "Parents’ Perspectives of their Children's Reactions to an Australian Military Deployment." Children Australia 39, no. 1 (February 11, 2014): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2013.38.

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This article reports on a qualitative study of Australian parents’ perceptions of their children's reactions to a military deployment as well as their help-seeking behaviours. Thirty-eight in-depth interviews were conducted with 34 Australian Defence Force (ADF) parents and 33 non-deployed parents (67 participants). Twenty-nine interviews were with couples and nine were with individuals. The findings revealed that this group of children generally fared poorly in terms of physical and mental health, and behavioural outcomes. Children and adolescents had a number of needs which were not identified, assessed or treated, and prevention programmes were reported to be limited. Factors that are associated with positive and negative outcomes from the families’ perspective are outlined. The data showed how developing a deeper understanding of military families’ needs, as well as positive worker–parent relationships, would enhance the therapeutic alliance between parents and service providers. Implications for prevention and intervention approaches in relation to both policy and service delivery are outlined.
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Baškarada, Saša, and Brian Hanlon. "Strategic management of multi-business portfolios in the public sector." Journal of Advances in Management Research 14, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-03-2017-0032.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to adapt the traditional corporate portfolio management approach to the strategic management of multi-business portfolios in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach The approach presented in this paper is based on a research project conducted within the Defence Science and Technology Group, Australian Department of Defence. It was developed iteratively and incrementally over the course of one year with a reference group comprising 15 middle management representatives and several members of the senior management team. Findings The approach developed comprises a multi-stage process and an assessment framework designed to capture the complexity of the problem space, build a strategic narrative, and facilitate senior leadership decision-making. The process is aimed at eliciting the required information, promoting contestability of the results, ensuring appropriate consultation, and ultimately achieving senior leadership consensus on priorities. The assessment framework is used to assess and visualize the balance of organizational capabilities. Originality/value By synthesizing and visualizing information on past performance and future potential, the approach presented in this paper may be used to facilitate strategic decision-making by senior management in the public sector.
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Silvestri, Annabel, Kate Morgan, and Amanda R. Ridley. "The association between evidence of a predator threat and responsiveness to alarm calls in Western Australian magpies (Cracticus tibicen dorsalis)." PeerJ 7 (August 26, 2019): e7572. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7572.

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Alarm calls are a widespread form of antipredator defence and being alerted to the presence of predators by the alarm calls of conspecifics is considered one of the benefits of group living. However, while social information can allow an individual to gain additional information, it can also at times be inaccurate or irrelevant. Such variation in the accuracy of social information is predicted to select for receivers to discriminate between sources of social information. In this study, we used playback experiments to determine whether Western Australian magpies (Cracticus tibicen dorsalis) respond to the predator information associated with alarm calls. Magpies were exposed to the alarm calls of two group members that differed in the threat associated with the alarm call: one call was played in the presence of a predator model while the other was not—in order to establish differences in the predator information provided by each caller. We then played back the alarm calls of the same group members in the absence of the predator model to determine whether magpies responded differently to signallers in response to the previous association between the alarm call and a predator threat. We found that receivers showed significantly greater levels of responsiveness to signallers that previously gave alarm calls in the appropriate context. Thus, the accuracy of threat-based information influenced subsequent receiver response.
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Finkelstein, Sarah, and Peter J. Grubb. "Lipid concentration in the embryo–endosperm fraction of seeds of Australian tropical lowland rainforest trees: relevance to defence and dispersal." Seed Science Research 12, no. 3 (September 2002): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2002109.

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The lipid concentration (LC) of the embryo–endosperm fraction was determined for the seeds of 60 species in 22 families from an Australian tropical lowland rainforest. It was negatively related to the mass of the embryo–endosperm across all species, but the relationship was not significant atP< 0.05. LC was significantly and positively correlated with N concentration when all species were considered, but not within the families represented by the most species (Lauraceae, 13;Sapindaceae, 9;Proteaceae, 6). LC was significantly and markedly higher in more heavily defended seeds (medians: 27 and 6.9%); there is evidence for the view that seeds rich in either lipid or nitrogen are markedly defended. Lipid concentration was also markedly higher, on average, in seeds taken by the scatter-hoardingUromys caudimaculatus(white-tailed rat) than in seeds of comparable size not taken byUromys, but not known to be protected by any toxin or irritant (medians: 35 and 3.7%, respectively). However, LC was not notably high in one major group of seeds taken byUromys– the largest-seeded species ofBeilschmiediaandEndiandra(Lauraceae). The comparisons mostly involved different phyletic lines, and were not consistently supported by contrasts within phyletic lines.
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Books on the topic "Australian Defence Group"

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New Zealand. Parliament. Foreign Affairs, Defence, and Trade Committee. Joint Select committee exchange, 27-31 May 2007: Report of the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee. [Wellington, N.Z.]: House of Representatives, 2007.

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2

1943-, Smith Hugh, Australian Defence Studies Centre, and Australian Study Group on Armed Forces and Society., eds. The Military profession in Australia: Proceedings of a conference held on 1 July 1988 by the Australian Defence Studies Centre and the Australian Study Group on Armed Forces and Society. [Campbell, ACT]: Australian Defence Studies Centre, University College, University of New South Wales, Australia Defence Force Academy, 1988.

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3

Moore, Cameron. Crown and Sword: Executive power and the use of force by the Australian Defence Force. ANU Press, 2018.

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Kaplan, Gisela. Bird Minds. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486300198.

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In her comprehensive and carefully crafted book, Gisela Kaplan demonstrates how intelligent and emotional Australian birds can be. She describes complex behaviours such as grieving, deception, problem solving and the use of tools. Many Australian birds cooperate and defend each other, and exceptional ones go fishing by throwing breadcrumbs in the water, extract poisonous parts from prey and use tools to crack open eggshells and mussels. The author brings together evidence of many such cognitive abilities, suggesting plausible reasons for their appearance in Australian birds. Bird Minds is the first attempt to shine a critical and scientific light on the cognitive behaviour of Australian land birds. In this fascinating volume, the author also presents recent changes in our understanding of the avian brain and links these to life histories and longevity. Following on from Gisela’s well-received books, Australian Magpie and Tawny Frogmouth, as well as two earlier titles on birds, Bird Minds contends that the unique and often difficult conditions of Australia's environment have been crucial for the evolution of unusual complexities in avian cognition and behaviour. This book is written for a general audience, especially amateur ornithologists and naturalists but it will equally appeal to specialists in bird behaviour and students working in biology, comparative psychology, cognitive ecology, field ornithology, zoology, aviculture and animal welfare. It will also be of interests to veterinarians, zoo personnel, bird lovers and members of other groups concerned with birds. Recipient of a 2016 Whitley Award commendation for Behavioural Zoology
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Blanche, Rosalind. Life in a Gall. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643106444.

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What are plant galls and how are they caused? This book introduces the Australian native insects that induce galls on plants and the plant species that host them. It explores the ways the insects have adapted to living part of their lives in the confined spaces of galls, and describes the strategies employed by different insect groups to find a suitable site to induce a gall, obtain food, mate and escape the gall. Life in a Gall also looks at the predators, parasitoids, inquilines, kleptoparasites and micro-organisms that prey on gall-inducing insects and the ways the insects defend themselves from these enemies. It covers the problems gall-inducing insects can cause for agriculture, forestry and horticulture, and gives examples of several pest species. On the positive side, the book describes the essential services gall-inducing insects provide by pollinating figs, controlling invasive weeds and contributing to indigenous food. The final chapter provides tips for people who want to collect and study galls, and shows that answering many of the questions still surrounding gall-inducing insects is not restricted to professional scientists but can be achieved by diligent amateurs too.
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A Time Traverler's Theory of Relativity. Carolrhoda Books, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Australian Defence Group"

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Casey, Steven. "Fiasco in the Philippines." In The War Beat, Pacific, 22–44. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190053635.003.0003.

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Douglas MacArthur was determined to control how the media portrayed his efforts to defend the Philippines. On occasion, this meant encouraging reporters to strike an upbeat tone in order to persuade Washington to send him reinforcements, but for the most part, it resulted in another act of concealment. MacArthur was keen to cover up the extent of the catastrophe that befell his air force on Clark Field at the start of the campaign. He also wanted to deny the Japanese operational information as his forces retreated to the Bataan peninsula. In the chaos of defeat, his command often lacked the capacity to censor and communicate long stories written by the group of highly competitive reporters who remained on Bataan. Not until these correspondents managed to evacuate to Australia in April did the home front become aware of the extent of the defeat in the Philippines.
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Conference papers on the topic "Australian Defence Group"

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Grant, Joshua J., Mitchell R. Cosmo, Jianfu F. Hou, Evan O. Smith, and Jouke H. S. de Baar. "An Acoustic Travelling Wave System for the Analysis of Blisk Mistuning." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75666.

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One of the few acoustic travelling wave systems (TWS) in the world has been developed by Defence Science and Technology Group Australia (DST). This system uses acoustic excitation of blisks by means of a high-powered speaker cluster. The response to this acoustic excitation is measured by a laser doppler vibrometer which shows the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the blisk. To date, this system has been verified and validated on a simple, twelve-bladed research blisk with a maximum error of 3.78% from FEM modal and harmonic analysis. Furthermore, the system has been refined and tested on a current in-service blisk with an accuracy of approximately 1%. This study outlines how the TWS has been used to investigate the effects of mistuning on blisks. Promising results have been achieved with the system able to accurately identify changes in resonant behaviour due to mistuning with correlation to finite element modelling predictions. The limitations are also outlined, along with suggested areas of research and improvement. This may ultimately result in the ability to verify manufacturer blending limits and assess the effect of foreign object damage and repairs on the dynamic response characteristics of a blisk without a complex and labour intensive mechanical spin rig investigation.
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