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1
Lightfoot, Diane. "The history of Public Health Diagnostic Microbiology in Australia: early days until 1990." Microbiology Australia 38, no. 4 (2017): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma17056.
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The arrival of the First Fleet in Port Jackson in 1788, and the subsequent establishment of the colony of NSW began the history of the Australian public health system. Prior to Federation each state dealt with their own public health issues and much of the microbiological analysis was performed in the early hospitals and medical school departments of universities. Today, as there is no central Laboratory for the Commonwealth of Australia, each Australian state is responsible for the microbiological testing relevant to public health. However, because of various Commonwealth of Australia Department of Health initiatives, the Australian Government Department of Health is responsible for the overall public health of Australians.
2
Calver, Mike. "The case for an ?Excellence in Scholarship for Australia? initiative." Pacific Conservation Biology 16, no. 4 (2010): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc110228.
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Only those truly cryptozoic for all of 2010 could have missed the bustle and concern created by the Australian Commonwealth?s Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) initiative (http://www.arc.gov.au/era/default.htm). In common with other national research assessment exercises such as the RAE (UK) and PBRF (New Zealand), ERA is designed to assess research quality within the Australian higher education sector, identifying and rewarding those institutions and departments producing high-quality research. The linkages between achievement, recognition and reward have the potential to shape the research priorities and agendas of institutions and individual researchers.
3
Wipulanusat, Warit, Kriengsak Panuwatwanich, and Rodney Anthony Stewart. "Pathways to workplace innovation and career satisfaction in the public service." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 26, no. 5 (November 5, 2018): 890–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-03-2018-1376.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of two climates for innovation constructs, namely, leadership and organisational culture, on workplace innovation and career satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach This study used structural equation modelling to test the data from 3,125 engineering professionals in the Australian Public Service (APS). Findings The structural model indicated that leadership for innovation and ambidextrous culture for innovation influenced workplace innovation which, in turn, improved career satisfaction. Moreover, modelling revealed a significant relationship between ambidextrous culture for innovation and career satisfaction. This study also investigated mediation effects and revealed both simple and sequential mediation paths in the model. It was found that improving workplace innovation and career satisfaction through recognition of an engineer’s contribution to their agency would assist in retaining and advancing in-house engineering expertise. Practical implications The structural model could be used to address current shortages of engineering professionals in the Commonwealth of Australia departments. The findings emphasise the importance of Commonwealth departments providing opportunities for their engineers to engage in creative and innovative projects which enhance their professional career. Originality/value This study fills the gap in the innovation literature by exploring the relationships through which socio-psychological factors affect workplace innovation and career satisfaction on the innovation process for engineering professionals in the APS.
4
Nevile, J. W. "Employment Outcomes of Work for the Dole: An Analysis of the DEWRSB Net Impact Report." Economic and Labour Relations Review 14, no. 1 (June 2003): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530460301400110.
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Since the data necessary to make a formal quantitative analysis of Work for the Dole employment outcomes is not available to researchers who are independent of Commonwealth Government Departments, this article examines the (then) Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business (DEWRSB) net impact report, finding in it a number of weaknesses. The combined effect of these is to inflate the estimated value for net impact but a corrected estimate is still higher than many consider likely. Any figure for the net impact estimate of an Australian labour market program can only be a broad indicator. This article argues that in the case of Work for the Dole the net impact is definitely positive and by more than a trivial amount.
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Laine, Matias. "The Practice Turn in Environmental Reporting: A Study into Current Practices in Two Australian Commonwealth Departments." Social and Environmental Accountability Journal 33, no. 3 (December 2013): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2013.845033.
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Wipulanusat, Warit, Kriengsak Panuwatwanich, and Rodney A. Stewart. "Exploring leadership styles for innovation: an exploratory factor analysis." Engineering Management in Production and Services 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2017-0001.
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AbstractLeadership plays a vital role in building the process, structures, and climate for an organisation to become innovative and to motivate team expectations toward innovations. This study explores the leadership styles that engineers regard as significant for innovation in the public sector. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify the principal leadership styles influencing innovation in the Australian Public Service (APS), using survey data extracted from the 2014 APS employee census comprising 3 125 engineering professionals in Commonwealth of Australia departments. EFA returned a two-factor structure explaining 77.6% of the variance of the leadership for innovation construct. In this study, the results from the EFA provided a clear estimation of the factor structure of the measures for leadership for innovation. From the results, the two factors extracted were transformational leadership and consideration leadership. In transformational leadership, a leader values organisational objectives, inspires subordinates to perform, and motivates followers beyond expected levels of work standards. Consideration leadership refers to the degree to which a leader shows concern and expressions of support for subordinates, takes care of their welfare, treats members as equals, and displays warmth and approachability. These findings highlight the role of leadership as the most critical predictor when considering the degree to which subordinates strive for creativity and innovation. Both transformational and consideration leadership styles are recommended to be incorporated into management training and development programs. This study also recommends that Commonwealth departments recruit supervisors who have both of these leadership styles before implementing innovative projects.
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Radcliffe, John C. "Policy issues impacting on crop production in water-limiting environments." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 11 (2005): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05072.
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Policy issues have impacted on cropping since the earliest days of European colonial settlement. Following emigration to Australia, secure land titles were required, with the Torrens title system being progressively introduced from 1858. This provided the basis for landholders to be able to borrow to develop land. Closer settlement policies were adopted, underpinned by the development of transport infrastructure. The demand for education resulted in Agricultural Colleges in the colonies from the 1880s, with Departments of Agriculture soon afterwards. Federation of the colonies into the Commonwealth of Australia and the creation of the states resulted in a separation of powers, with the Commonwealth assuming responsibility for external powers including overseas marketing, import quarantine, health and quality standards of exports and credit and financial powers. Natural resource management matters and education were among those remaining with the states. Regular intergovernmental meetings were held to discuss research from 1927 and a broader range of agricultural issues from 1935. The Great Depression in the 1930s, poor commodity prices and serious land degradation led to government support for debt reconstruction and the introduction of soil conservation services. Realising the need for innovation to successfully compete on world markets, farmers, led by cereal growers, petitioned for the establishment of statutory research programs with joint grower/government funding from the 1950s. These have been remarkably successful, with the uptake of new technologies contributing to an average multifactor productivity growth of Australian grain farms by 3.3% per year between 1977–78 and 2001–02. With community and policy recognition of the need to conserve natural resources, the Commonwealth Government is playing an increasing role in this area. Farmers are required to meet standards for the use of agricultural chemicals and for occupational safety, welfare and environmental protection. The states have taken a conservative stand against the growing of genetically modified food crops in the name of protecting overseas markets. New water management regimes are coming into place with the separation of water titles from land. Market-based instruments are being introduced to encourage more sustainable production systems and saleable ecosystem services. Research and innovation along with complementary policy initiatives will continue to underpin farmers’ adaptive management skills to ensure dryland crop producers have sustainable production systems while remaining competitive in world markets.
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Tinapple, Bill. "Offshore petroleum regulatory reform: the Western Australian experience—first 12 months in review." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12047.
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On 1 January 2012, a new regulatory framework for the offshore oil and gas industry in Australian Commonwealth waters started. The changes were profound and brought about a single national regulator for safety, environmental management, and well integrity. It also meant that the seven former designated authorities were abolished in favour of a single National Titles Administrator. In the lead up to the reforms, ministers Martin Ferguson and Frederick Moore agreed that officials from their respective departments would implement cooperative working arrangements for the WA adjacent offshore area, to facilitate and ensure a smooth transition for the industry and help achieve the recommendations of the Productivity Commission's review. The authors of this extended abstract reflect on and share the experiences of the past 12 months. An update of the authors' respective agencies' progress beyond the transition phase is also discussed. This extended abstract also outlines projects of interest and how they will benefit the industry and continue to develop the foundations of the cooperative working arrangements between NOPTA and WA-DMP. During the changes and transition program, industry and regulators have strived to engage in the new regime, and the results have been positive. Now is the opportunity for us to come together, ask questions, share information, and examine what has worked and what is yet to come. Several aspects of the arrangements are now evident: the establishment of the National Core Store and Data Repository, the establishment of the National Electronic Approvals and Tracking System (NEATS), and the day-to-day interactions between NOPTA and WA-DMP. The WA-DMP speaker reviews Joint Authority operations for the WA adjacent area since the establishment of NOPTA and NOPSEMA. Bill Tinapple also reviews regulatory framework developments for WA; in particular, changes to provide for shale and tight gas and oil activity, as well as, public engagement to increase confidence in regulatory processes. Coordination of regulatory processes across jurisdictional boundaries are reviewed, including case studies for Gorgon, Wheatstone, and Macedon.
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Harris, Mark F., Patrick G. Powell Davies, Mahnaz Fanaian, Nicholas A. Zwar, and Siaw-Teng Liaw. "Access to same day, next day and after-hours appointments: the views of Australian general practitioners." Australian Health Review 36, no. 3 (2012): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11080.
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Objective. To evaluate factors associated with the availability of same or next day appointments and after-hours access reported by Australian general practitioners (GPs). Methods. Secondary analysis of a survey of primary care practitioners conducted by the Commonwealth Fund in 2009 in 11 countries. Analysis of factors likely to be associated with reported availability of same or next day appointments and after-hours access. Findings. Of 1016 Australian GPs, 78.8% reported that most patients in their practice had access to an appointment on the same or next day and 50% that their practice had arrangements for after-hours access. Access to same or next day care was better in practices where practitioners reported larger numbers of patients seen per GP per week and reviewed their performance against annual targets, but worse in rural areas and practices routinely reviewing outcomes data. Arrangements for after-hours care were more common among GPs who were planning to retire in the next 5 years; worked in practices with high electronic functioning information systems; and received and reviewed clinical outcome data and incentives for performance. Conclusions. Improving after-hours access requires a comprehensive approach which includes incentives, improvements to information management and organised systems of care with review of data on clinical outcomes. What is known about the topic? Access to general practice is an important priority for the health system and the subject of several reforms and initiatives over the past decade in Australia. Access to same or next day appointments and after-hours has been an increasing concern related to workforce availability, and limited access to general practice is one factor influencing the demand on hospitals, especially their emergency departments. What does this paper add? This paper reports on secondary analysis of a survey of over 1000 general practitioners in Australia. Responses to questions about access to same or next day appointments or after-hours arrangements were analysed for associations with practitioner and practice characteristics and their processes and systems of care. Access to same day appointments is particularly challenging in rural general practice but is more likely to be reported by GPs working in larger practices. Incentives, quality improvement and better information management may be important strategies to improve after-hours access. What are the implications for practitioners? Strategies to improve access to appointments and to after-hours care need to be considered as part of a comprehensive approach which includes financial incentives, strengthening information systems and quality improvement activities.
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Romanenko, Olena. "SLAVIC COMMUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA: THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-14-23.
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Migration to the Australian continent has ancient origins. On 1 January 1901, the Federation of the Commonwealth of Australia included six former colonies: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, Queensland, and Western Australia. The British origin had 78% of those who were born overseas. The immigration was high on the national agenda. The most ambitious nation-building plan based on immigration was adopted in Australia in the post-World War II period. The shock of the war was so strong that even old stereotypes did not prevent Australians from embarking on immigration propaganda with the slogan “Populate or Perish”. In the middle 1950s, the Australian Department of Immigration realized that family reunion was an important component of successful settlement. In 1955 the Department implemented “Operation Reunion” – a scheme was intended to assist family members overseas to migrate to the continent and reunite with the family already living in Australia. As a result, 30000 people managed to migrate from countries such as Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union, and the former Yugoslavia under this scheme. Today Australia’s approach to multicultural affairs is a unique model based on integration and social cohesion. On governmental level, the Australians try to maintain national unity through respect and preservation of cultural diversity. An example of such an attitude to historical memory is a database created by the Department of Home Affairs (DHA). For our research, we decided to choose information about residents of East-Central European origin (Ukraine-born, Poland-born, and Czech Republic-born citizens) in Australia, based on the information from the above mentioned database. The article provides the brief historical background of Polish, Ukrainian and Czech groups on the Continent and describes the main characteristics of these groups of people, such as geographic distribution, age, language, religion, year of arrival, median income, educational qualifications, and employment characteristics.
11
Fraser, Paul J., Graeme I. Pearman, and Nada Derek. "CSIRO Non-carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Gas Research. Part 1: 1975–90." Historical Records of Australian Science 29, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr17016.
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There are a number atmospheric gases, in addition to carbon dioxide (CO2), that affect the absorption and emission of infrared radiation throughout the atmosphere, the so-called ‘non-CO2 greenhouse gases', and they have a significant impact on climate. In addition, some of these non-CO2 greenhouse gases contain chlorine and/or bromine, and contribute to halogen-catalysed stratospheric ozone depletion. In the mid 1970s, CSIRO at Aspendale became the first southern hemisphere laboratory to initiate research into the atmospheric abundance, trends, sources and sinks of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, and today (2017) is currently observing and modelling the past and present biogeochemical cycling of over eighty of these species, arguably the most comprehensive program of its type globally. The resultant CSIRO data are used to derive global and regional emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases and their impact on climate and stratospheric ozone via resultant changes to the planetary radiative budget and the abundance of ‘equivalent chlorine' (weighted sum of chlorine and bromine) in the stratosphere. These data and their impacts are reported nationally to relevant Commonwealth and State Departments—environment, energy, industry, agriculture—and to relevant Australian industries—refrigeration, air-conditioning, aluminium production. They are reported internationally to United Nations agencies responsible for implementing the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) and the Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992), who periodically assess the science of climate change and ozone depletion. As the world strives to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions through national, policy-driven, initiatives framed to meet agreed obligations under these international agreements, atmospheric measurement programs, such as those operated by the CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology in Australia, are critical in independently verifying the success or otherwise of such endeavours. This paper describes the initial fifteen years (1975–90) of activities in CSIRO that set up the framework for the current, globally significant, CSIRO non-CO2 greenhouse gas research program.
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Schofield, Lisa. "2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17103.
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The Australian Government’s 2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release was announced by the Commonwealth Minister for Resources and Northern Australia, Senator the Hon Matthew Canavan at the 2018 APPEA conference. This paper provides insights into the processes that the Australian Government has undertaken to select the final release areas and goes into detail on the ongoing petroleum related activities of the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (the Department). The annual acreage release is a central component of ensuring ongoing, sustainable and responsible investment in Australia’s offshore petroleum sector. The annual acreage release remains the primary mechanism for securing investment in offshore oil and gas exploration in areas of known petroleum potential and new geological frontiers. Continued exploration for oil and gas in Commonwealth waters is a central component of ensuring Australia’s future energy security. Australia’s well established and independent environmental regulator, NOPSEMA (the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority), ensures all petroleum activities in Commonwealth waters are performed safely and in an environmentally responsible manner. Combined with NOPTA’s (National Offshore Petroleum Titles Administrator) leading practice titles administration, Australia remains an attractive investment destination while offering industry leading environmental protections and ensuring safe working conditions industry-wide. Australia offers investors access to data, secure tenure, a stable economic environment and a well-established transparent regulatory system for offshore petroleum activities. A key driver for sustainable activity in Australia is the acceptance of multiple use access to Australia’s marine resources. Recognising this, the department consults with a range of stakeholders on the areas it proposes to release for petroleum exploration. This consultation process provides an opportunity for all interested parties to provide comments and feedback on the areas proposed and in particular highlight how interested parties or the areas might be impacted by exploration activities. The 21 areas in the 2018 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release are located in the offshore areas of Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and the Ashmore-Cartier Islands. These areas will enable the next wave of investment in the Australian resources sector, and the prospect of new oil, gas and condensate production.
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Eldridge, John. "Contract Codification: Cautionary Lessons from Australia." Edinburgh Law Review 23, no. 2 (May 2019): 204–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2019.0549.
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In March 2012, the Australian Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department published a Discussion Paper which explored the prospect of codifying or otherwise reforming the Australian law of contract. There is little reason to think that the codification of the Australian law of contract is likely to be embarked upon in the foreseeable future. At the same time, recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in codification in Britain. This paper examines the experience of contract codification efforts in Australia with a view to identifying a number of cautionary lessons. It focuses on two challenges inherent in contract codification which have been given too little attention by the proponents of reform in Australia.
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Bin Amin, Umar. "Muslim Employment in Commonwealth Government Departments and Agencies in the Context of Access and Equity." TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 3, no. 1 (June 21, 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v3i1.3485.
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Abstract Government agencies and departments are considered as a collectively owned body and therefore they can be assumed as a reflection of the whole society. But the current research, Muslim Employment in Commonwealth Government Departments and Agencies in the Context of Access and Equity, suggests that migrants face a greater exclusion of Australia from government department in general but Muslim community is bearing the extensive brunt. In this research the exclusion was examined at three different sphere, at national employment level, national government department’s level and managerial levels of government employment. In each sphere it was found that the Muslim community was two times less inclusive thus making it six times excluded from the society overall. After collecting these results and combining them with an academically defined state of inclusion, it yielded new conditions for Harmony as: access and equal opportunities for all Australians while having a sense of being equally valued and have the opportunity of full participation with redistribution of power for the powerless. Abstrak Instansi pemerintah dan departemen dianggap sebagai badan yang dimiliki secara kolektif dan karena itu mereka dapat diasumsikan sebagai refleksi dari seluruh masyarakat. Tetapi penelitian saat ini, Pekerjaan Muslim di Departemen Pemerintah Persemakmuran dan Instansi dalam Konteks Akses dan Kesetaraan, menunjukkan bahwa migran secara umum menghadapi pengucilan lebih besar dari Australia dari departemen pemerintah di masyarakat tetapi Muslim terpaksa menanggung beban yang luas. Dalam penelitian ini pengucilan diselidiki pada tiga bidang yang berbeda, di tingkat kerja nasional, tingkat departemen pemerintah nasional dan tingkat manajerial kerja pemerintah. Dalam setiap lingkup ditemukan bahwa komunitas Muslim dua kali lebih inklusif sehingga membuatnya enam kali dikucilkan dari masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Setelah mengumpulkan hasil-hasil dan menggabungkannya dengan negara inklusi yang didefinisikan akademis, itu menghasilkan kondisi baru untuk Harmony sebagai: akses dan kesempatan yang sama bagi semua warga Australia sementara memiliki rasa yang sama-sama dihargai dan memiliki kesempatan berpartisipasi penuh dengan redistribusi kekuasaan untuk ketberdayaan. How to Cite : Amin, U. B. (2016). Muslim Employment In Commonwealth Government Departments And Agencies In The Context Of Access And Equity. TARBIYA: Journal Of Education In Muslim Society, 3(1), 1-19. doi:10.15408/tjems.v3i1.3485. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v3i1.3485
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Hanna, Liz. "Support Funding for Australian Rural and Remote Health Workforce: A Medical - Nursing Mismatch." Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, no. 1 (2001): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01002.
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Successive Australian federal governments have introduced numerous strategies aimed at reducing the differentials in health status between rural and remote populations and their metropolitan counterparts. Foremost among these strategies have been those focused on increasing the numbers of medical practitioners in rural and remote areas (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 1998a). The paper challenges the prioritisation of this strategy, identified as a "planning priority" by the Commonwealth government. The 1999-2000 Federal Budget allocated $171 million to "significantly improve access to services in rural and remote areas of Australia and to strengthen the rural workforce". Nurses provide 90% of the health services to these populations yet receive only 0.9% of funding in direct role specific support. This systematic neglect of nursing services results in high turnover as nurses desert their posts, frustrated by lack of organisational support, and subsequent inability to provide adequate care in the difficult circumstances in which they must function. Interruptions to clinical health care provision and health promotion activities diminish health enhancement opportunities for the communities with demonstrated high levels of need (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 1999; Commonwealth Department of Health & Aged Care, 2000; Kreger, 1991; NSW Health Department, 1998).
16
Robertson, A. G., M. G. Leclercq, and S. Poke. "(A235) Australian Medical Assistance Teams in Australia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002214.
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Western Australia (WA) was one of the first states in Australia to deploy medical team members to the tsunami-stricken regions of the Maldives and Banda Aceh in 2004. This early experience led the WA Department of Health to develop and pilot these teams locally and to progress a national model for their future development, which could be implemented further by other Australian jurisdictions. Further experience with these teams in Yogyakarta after the 2006 Java earthquake, Karratha after Tropical Cyclone George in 2007, Ashmore Reef after the 2009 boat explosion, Samoa after the 2009 tsunami, and during the Pakistan floods in 2010 have signaled both the utility of the Australian Medical Assistance Teams (AUSMATs) and the commitment by the Australian Commonwealth and State Governments to utilize these teams in both domestic and international settings. This presentation will examine the implementation of the AUSMAT model in Australia over the last five years, the modifications to the original model to suit the unique geographical and resource challenges faced by Australian teams, both within and outside Australia, and the lessons learned from recent team deployments. The challenges of delivering health care over vast, sparsely populated distances, and the inherent and increasing natural and industrial disaster threats in the Asia-Pacific region, have contributed to the modification of the model to ensure that the AUSMATs are flexible, modular, and capable of responding to a variety of major incidents. The national model continues to evolve to ensure that well prepared, equipped and trained civilian AUSMATS remain able to effectively deploy to a mass casualty situation in Australia's area of interest.
17
Gageler, Stephen. "Sir Robert Garran: Medio Tutissimus Ibis." Federal Law Review 46, no. 1 (March 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.46.1.1.
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Sir Robert Randolph Garran (10 February 1867-11 January 1957) played a unique role in the early development of the Commonwealth. As Secretary to the Drafting Committee of the Australasian Federal Convention of 1897 and 1898, he was intimately involved in the process by which the Australian Constitution was produced. As Secretary of the Attorney-General's Department from 1901 to 1932, he was responsible for drafting foundational Commonwealth legislation and he played a key part in establishing coherent interpretations of the Constitution in advice to successive Federal Governments. Three aspects of Garran's life and work are explored in this article: the popular movement which established the process by which the Constitution was negotiated, drafted, and submitted to referenda for approval; Garran's tenure and legacy as Secretary of the Attorney-General's Department; and Garran's views on federalism and constitutional law.
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Hartwell, John. "2009 Release of offshore petroleum exploration acreage." APPEA Journal 49, no. 1 (2009): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08030.
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John Hartwell is Head of the Resources Division in the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism, Canberra Australia. The Resources Division provides advice to the Australian Government on policy issues, legislative changes and administrative matters related to the petroleum industry, upstream and downstream and the coal and minerals industries. In addition to his divisional responsibilities, he is the Australian Commissioner for the Australia/East Timor Joint Petroleum Development Area and Chairman of the National Oil and Gas Safety Advisory Committee. He also chairs two of the taskforces, Clean Fossil Energy and Aluminium, under the Asia Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate (AP6). He serves on two industry and government leadership groups delivering reports to the Australian Government, strategies for the oil and gas industry and framework for the uranium industry. More recently he led a team charged with responsibility for taking forward the Australian Government’s proposal to establish a global carbon capture and storage institute. He is involved in the implementation of a range of resource related initiatives under the Government’s Industry Action Agenda process, including mining and technology services, minerals exploration and light metals. Previously he served as Deputy Chairman of the Snowy Mountains Council and the Commonwealth representative to the Natural Gas Pipelines Advisory Committee. He has occupied a wide range of positions in the Australian Government dealing with trade, commodity, and energy and resource issues. He has worked in Treasury, the Department of Trade, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Department of Primary Industries and Energy before the Department of Industry, Science and Resources. From 1992–96 he was a Minister Counsellor in the Australian Embassy, Washington, with responsibility for agriculture and resource issues and also served in the Australian High Commission, London (1981–84) as the Counsellor/senior trade relations officer. He holds a MComm in economics, and Honours in economics from the University of New South Wales, Australia. Prior to joining the Australian Government, worked as a bank economist. He was awarded a public service medal in 2005 for his work on resources issues for the Australian Government.
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Waters, Graeme. "Offshore petroleum regulatory reform: the WA experience—first 12 months in review." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12046.
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On 1 January 2012, a new regulatory framework for the offshore oil and gas industry in Australian Commonwealth waters started. The changes were profound and brought about a single national regulator for safety, environmental management, and well integrity. It also meant that the seven former designated authorities were abolished in favour of a single National Titles Administrator. In the lead up to the reforms, ministers Martin Ferguson and Frederick Moore agreed that officials from their respective departments would implement cooperative working arrangements for the WA adjacent offshore area, to facilitate and ensure a smooth transition for the industry and help achieve the recommendations of the Productivity Commission's review. The authors of this extended abstract reflect on and share the experiences of the past 12 months. An update of the authors' respective agencies' progress beyond the transition phase is also discussed. This extended abstract also outlines projects of interest and how they will benefit the industry and continue to develop the foundations of the cooperative working arrangements between NOPTA and WA-DMP. During the changes and transition program, industry and regulators have strived to engage in the new regime, and the results have been positive. Now is the opportunity for us to come together, ask questions, share information, and examine what has worked and what is yet to come. Several aspects of the arrangements are now evident: the establishment of the National Core Store and Data Repository, the establishment of the National Electronic Approvals and Tracking System (NEATS), and the day-to-day interactions between NOPTA and WA-DMP. The WA-DMP speaker reviews Joint Authority operations for the WA adjacent area since the establishment of NOPTA and NOPSEMA. Bill Tinapple also reviews regulatory framework developments for WA; in particular, changes to provide for shale and tight gas and oil activity, as well as, public engagement to increase confidence in regulatory processes. Coordination of regulatory processes across jurisdictional boundaries are reviewed, including case studies for Gorgon, Wheatstone, and Macedon.
20
Weeramanthri, Tarun S., Andrew G. Robertson, Gary K. Dowse, Paul V. Effler, Muriel G. Leclercq, Jeremy D. Burtenshaw, Susan J. Oldham, David W. Smith, Kathryn J. Gatti, and Helen M. Gladstones. "Response to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in Australia - lessons from a State health department perspective." Australian Health Review 34, no. 4 (2010): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10901.
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This article reviews the lessons that can be learned by the health sector, in particular, and the public sector, more generally, from the governmental response to pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A (pH1N1) in Australia during 2009. It covers the period from the emergence of the epidemic to the release of the vaccine, and describes a range of impacts on the Western Australian health system, the government sector and the community. There are three main themes considered from a State government agency perspective: how decisions were influenced by prior planning; how the decision making and communication processes were intimately linked; and the interdependent roles of States and the Commonwealth Government in national programs. We conclude that: (a) communications were generally effective, but need to be improved and better coordinated between the Australian Government, States and general practice; (b) decision making was appropriately flexible, but there needs to be better alignment with expert advice, and consideration of the need for a national disease control agency in Australia; and (c) national funding arrangements need to fit with the model of state-based service delivery and to support critical workforce needs for surge capacity, as well as stockpile and infrastructure requirements. What is known about the topic? There have been a number of articles on pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in Australia that have provided an overview of the response from a Commonwealth Government perspective, as well as specific aspects of the State response (e.g. virology, impact on intensive care units across Australia, infection control). Victoria, Queensland and NSW have published papers more focussed on epidemiology and an overview of public health actions. What does this paper add? This would be the first in-depth account of the response that both details a broader range of impacts and costs across health and other State government agencies, and also provides a critical reflection on governance, communication and decision making arrangements from the beginning of the pandemic to the start of the vaccination program. What are the implications for practitioners? Practitioners (clinical, public health, and laboratory) would recognise the importance of the workforce and surge capacity issues highlighted in the paper, and the extent to which they were stretched. Addressing these issues is vital to meeting practitioner needs in future pandemic seasons. Policy makers would see the relevance of the observations and analysis to governance arrangements within a Federal system, where the majority of funding is provided from the Commonwealth level, whereas service delivery responsibilities remain with the States and Territories. In particular, the argument to consider a national disease control agency along the lines of the US and UK will be of interest to public health and communicable disease practitioners in all States and Territories, as it would affect how and where policy and expert advice is created and used.
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Douglas, Michael, Mary Keyes, Sarah McKibbin, and Reid Mortensen. "The HCCH Judgments Convention in Australian Law." Federal Law Review 47, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 420–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x19856503.
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In May 2018, the Hague Conference on Private International Law (‘HCCH’) produced a draft convention for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. A Diplomatic Session of the HCCH is expected to take place in 2019 at which this draft ‘Judgments Convention’ will be presented. If a multilateral convention emerges from the Diplomatic Session, Australia is likely to be an early adopter: the Commonwealth Attorney-General’s Department conducted a public consultation on the draft Judgments Convention in 2018. Against that background, this article considers the impact of implementation of the Judgments Convention in Australia. It is argued that domestic legislation that emerges from the Judgments Convention will deliver an overdue refurbishment of the Australian law relating to the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Australia’s adoption of the Judgments Convention ought to be welcomed.
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Kelly, Veronica. "The Globalized and the Local: Theatre in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand Enters the New Millennium." Theatre Research International 26, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883301000013.
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Late in 1999 the Commonwealth of Australia's Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts released Securing the Future, the final Report of the Major Performing Arts Enquiry chaired by Helen Nugent (commonly referred to as the Nugent Report). The operations of the committee and the findings of the Report occasioned considerable public debate in the Australian arts world in the late 1990s, as the Enquiry solicited and analysed information and opinion on the financial health and artistic practices of thirty-one national major performing arts companies producing opera, ballet, chamber and orchestral music as well as theatre. The Report saw the financial viability of Australian live performance as deeply affected by the impact of globalization, especially by what elsewhere has been called ‘Baumol's disease’ – escalating technical, administrative and wage costs but fixed revenue – which threaten the subsidized state theatre companies of Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth with their relatively small population bases. The structural implementation recommended a considerable financial commitment by Commonwealth and State Governments to undertake a defined period of stabilizing and repositioning of companies. Early in 2000 both levels of Government committed themselves to this funding – in fact increasing Nugent's requested $52 million to $70 million – and to the principle of a strengthened Australia Council dispensing arms-length subsidy. In an economically philistine political environment, these outcomes are a tribute to Nugent's astute use of economic rhetoric to gain at least a symbolic victory for the performing arts sector. In 2000 New Zealand arts gained a similar major injection of funding, while a commissioned Heart of the Nation report, advocating the dilution of the principle of arm's-length funding through the abolition of the national funding organization Creative New Zealand, was rejected by Prime Minister Helen Clark.
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Grant, Megan. "‘Building Bridges’ and Indigenous Literacy: Learning from Indigenous Families." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 2, no. 1 (March 2001): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2001.2.1.11.
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This article outlines the Australian Early Childhood Association project Building Bridges: literacy development for young indigenous children, funded by the Australian Commonwealth Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs. Building Bridges was a highly innovative project designed to develop resources for improving literacy competence in indigenous young children.
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Smith, Lisa, and Brian Evans. "Changing petroleum engineering education to meet industry demands." APPEA Journal 50, no. 1 (2010): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09018.
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The Department of Petroleum Engineering at Curtin University had its inception in 1998. For the last 10 years, it lectured the Masters in petroleum engineering course to local Australian and international students, graduating more than 200 students. The rapid increase in the price of oil during 2006/7 saw a sudden and substantial growth in industry employment opportunities, which resulted in the department losing over half of its staff to industry. At the same time, the supply of local students reduced to less than 10% of those taking the course. This loss in both student numbers and staff at the same time threatened the department’s future, and resulted in the need for a new focus to return the department to stability. A number of new initiatives were introduced, which included: bringing industry into the decision-making processes; introducing a new two-year Masters program to assist high quality migrant students obtain Australian permanent residency; increasing the advertising of petroleum engineering as a career option to schools and industry; linking with UNSW, UWA and Adelaide universities to establish a joint Masters program; introducing a new Bachelor’s degree in petroleum engineering; changing the block form of teaching to a semester-based form; and having the Commonwealth recognise the new Masters program for Commonwealth funding of Australian students as a priority pathway to a career as a petroleum engineer while the Bachelors program gathered momentum. This paper maps the positive changes made during 2008/9, which led to a 100% increase in student numbers, a 50% increase in staff to stabilise teaching, a 400% increase in active PhD students, and industry projects to deliver an increasing stream of high quality, industry-ready, graduate petroleum engineers over the next 10–20 years into the current ageing population where the average age of a petroleum engineer is 51.
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Harrison, Gregory, Nick Quinn, and Andrew Best. "Regional oil wildlife response capability in northwest Australia—a collaborative approach by oil and gas operators and agencies." APPEA Journal 55, no. 2 (2015): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14090.
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In January 2012, the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Authority (NOPSEMA) took over the environmental assessment of environmental plans (EP) and oil spill contingency plans (OSCP) in Australia's Commonwealth waters. The requirement to demonstrate capability highlighted several areas of improvement to provide an effective oiled wildlife response (OWLR). An OWL working group was established by several operators with the initial agreement to engage the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC) as the response agency. The working group of operators has now established an OWLR Plan that was developed in collaboration with AMOSC and the Department of Parks and Wildlife and has provided an industry and government agency coordinated approach to OWLR for the first time.
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Kift, Sally. "The decline and demise of the Commonwealth’s strategic investment in quality learning and teaching." Student Success 7, no. 2 (July 24, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v7i2.336.
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In May 2016, the Australian Government announced that the funding to be saved from closing the Office for Learning and Teaching (OLT), a branch of the federal Department of Education and Training, would not be redirected to a new National Institute for Learning and Teaching (Milbourne, 2015) as had been promised by (then) Education Minister Christopher Pyne in 2015. This decision has significant ramifications, not only for the quality and competitiveness of Australian higher education, but also for the inevitable long-term impact that withdrawal of strategic investment for systemic change and innovation will have on the nation’s third largest export earner (Universities Australia, 2016). This Invited Feature republishes a statement from Professor Sally Kift, President of the Australian Learning and Teaching Fellows (ALTF) and one of the Editors of Student Success, and is representative of the national reaction to the closure of the Office. It highlights the significant role the OLT and its predecessor bodies (the Carrick Institute and the Australian Learning and Teaching Council [ALTC]) have played, both symbolically and financially, in enabling collaboration and developing and disseminating sector-wide innovation and good practice in tertiary learning and teaching.
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Constable, Tania. "2012 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release." APPEA Journal 52, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11001.
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Australia has abundant natural gas reserves and is experiencing a rapid expansion of its liquefied natural gas (LNG) production capacity. In 2011 alone, four Australian LNG projects received final investment decisions (FIDs) and another FID was made in the first weeks of 2012. These projects will add more than 33 million tonnes of new LNG capacity, represent more than $100 billion in investment, and will see Australia become the world’s second largest LNG exporter by 2015. These projects are underpinned by Australia’s stable economic environment and our effective and efficient legislative regime that provides the industry the confidence to pursue a variety of investment opportunities. The essential first step covered by this regime is exploration, which is supported by Australia’s annual Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release. Prepared by the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism and Geoscience Australia, the annual Acreage Release is the key mechanism used by the Australian Government to encourage investment in petroleum exploration. The 2012 Acreage Release areas have been carefully selected to offer the global petroleum exploration industry a variety of investment opportunities. Areas vary in size, level of existing geological knowledge, and are located in a range of water depths. Selected areas are supported by pre-competitive geological and geophysical data and analysis undertaken by Geoscience Australia. The detailed Acreage Release information package is available at online at www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au or by visiting the Commonwealth Government’s booth at the APPEA conference.
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Foreman, Peter. "The transfer of accounting technology: a study of the Commonwealth of Australia government factories, 1910-1916." Accounting History 6, no. 1 (May 2001): 31–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103237320100600104.
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The establishment of government factories by the Commonwealth of Australia, 1910-1916, required, inter alia, the development of an accounting system to suit the commercial activities carried on by government. All these factories were suppliers to the defence forces. Their primary aim was not profit generation, but the maintenance of facilities that could be expanded rapidly in time of need. Some of these factories were in direct competition with private industry and it was important that their costs and prices compared favourably with the nongovernment sector. The Australian government introduced a system of accounting that was developed by John Jensen, a Defence Department public servant. Jensen espoused scientific management techniques observed during a visit to the USA and Canada in 1910. This study explores the origins of, and influences on, the accounting system as established by Jensen. It does so through the use of the technology transfer construct advanced by Jeremy (1991). The conclusion reached is that Taylorist precepts were significantly modified to meet the particular control requirements and the environmental factors faced by Australian governments.
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Majer, Jonathan. "Musings of a Frustrated Scientist." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 1 (2002): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020001.
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Research that is directed towards conservation in Australia is largely carried out by staff in State or Commonwealth departments, in CSIRO and in universities. The findings are generally put into practice by other branches of the same government departments, by bushcare and landcare groups, by non-government organization (NCO) community groups, and by consultants. The latter often provide contractual services to the practitioners of conservation.
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Castleman, Beverley. "CHANGES IN THE AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH DEPARTMENTAL MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT: 1928 - 1982." Australian Journal of Public Administration 52, no. 4 (December 1993): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1993.tb00299.x.
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Constable, Tania. "2011 offshore petroleum exploration acreage release." APPEA Journal 51, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10001.
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Australia has abundant natural gas reserves and is presently the world's fourth largest exporter of LNG. New projects and strengthening demand, led by rising energy consumption in China and India, is expected to increase Australia’s ranking to second by 2015. The discovery of new petroleum reserves also has the potential to reduce Australian energy import dependence and increase supply certainty.With sustainable development and energy security in mind, the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism is leading the development of the Government’s resources policy to facilitate investment in Australia’s upstream petroleum industry.The 2011 Australian Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release offers the global petroleum exploration industry a variety of investment opportunities. Release areas are located across nine basins, vary in size and level of existing geological knowledge, are located in a range of water depths, and are supported by pre-competitive and open-file geological and geophysical data.The Acreage Release is underpinned by a stable economic environment and well established regulatory framework, which seeks to balance environmental, social and economic considerations during the development of Australia’s natural resources.The detailed Acreage Release information package is available at online at www.petroleum-acreage.gov.au or by visiting the Commonwealth Government’s booth at the APPEA conference.
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Kortt, Michael A., Simon J. Pervan, and Owen Hogan. "The rise and fall of the Australian DBA." Education + Training 58, no. 4 (April 11, 2016): 390–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-09-2015-0082.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the drivers behind the rise and fall of the Australian Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) and to assess its future. Design/methodology/approach – Data covering the period 1993-2013 was sourced from the Commonwealth Department of Education and Training to provide a comprehensive analysis of the rise and fall of the Australian DBA. Findings – In Australia, the DBA was introduced in 1993. In the first 11 years of the programme, enrolments increased from only nine candidates in 1993 to 1,505 candidates in 2004. However, by 2013, the number of candidates had fallen to 869 candidates. The authors argue that the principal rationale for the dramatic fall in enrolments points to the challenges and issues of managing overseas candidates by second tier and regional universities rather than a decline in the market per se. Practical implications – The challenge for universities is to determine whether they can or are able to offer the DBA under a quality framework that requires academic rigour equal to the PhD. Originality/value – This paper presents – for the first time – the most comprehensive description of trends in the Australian DBA programme from its inception to the present day. It also offers valuable insights and cautionary lessons for other countries thinking of introducing or expanding their current DBA programmes.
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Inacio, Maria C., Sarah Catherine Elizabeth Bray, Craig Whitehead, Megan Corlis, Renuka Visvanathan, Keith Evans, Elizabeth C. Griffith, and Steve L. Wesselingh. "Registry of Older South Australians (ROSA): framework and plan." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e026319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026319.
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IntroductionAustralia’s ageing population puts significant demands on the aged care and healthcare sectors. To monitor the provision of aged care and healthcare services to older people, each government body has an individual data collection system. Together these systems can be the basis for creating the evidence necessary to support future allocation of resources for our ageing community. The Registry of Older South Australians (ROSA) is a cross-sector multidisciplinary (ie, aged care and healthcare) platform built to address the challenges of monitoring people in aged care settings. This protocol describes the ROSA’s framework and plans.Methods and analysisA registry to capture 16 000 South Australians/year undergoing an aged care eligibility assessment was designed. ROSA will contain information captured by the Commonwealth and South Australian state Health Authority, linked by two data integrating authorities, and housed on a secured data platform. ROSA will contain information on the sociodemographic, health, function, psychological, social, home and safety assessment and concerns characteristics, aged care services, general health services, and mortality of people receiving aged care services. Registered participants will be prospectively monitored until their death and yearly updates of their aged care and healthcare services information will be added to the registry.Ethics and disseminationROSA will longitudinally monitor the services provided to a population that puts costly demands on the state healthcare and aged care systems, identify unwanted variation, and underpin future research. ROSA’s expected outputs include an annual report, a research agenda that focuses on high burden conditions and potentially economically impactful questions, educational materials, and risk profiling tools. ROSA was approved by the South Australian Department for Health and Ageing HREC (HREC/17/SAH/125) and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare HREC (EO2018/2/429).
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Toomes, Adam, Oliver C. Stringham, Lewis Mitchell, Joshua V. Ross, and Phillip Cassey. "Australia’s wish list of exotic pets: biosecurity and conservation implications of desired alien and illegal pet species." NeoBiota 60 (August 18, 2020): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.60.51431.
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Globalisation of the live pet trade facilitates major pathways for the transport and introduction of invasive alien species across longer distances and at higher frequencies than previously possible. Moreover, the unsustainable trade of species is a major driver for the over-exploitation of wild populations. Australia minimises the biosecurity and conservation risk of the international pet trade by implementing highly stringent regulations on the live import and keeping of alien pets beyond its international CITES obligations. However, the public desire to possess prohibited alien pets has never been quantified and represents a number of species that could be acquired illegally or legally under different future legislative conditions. As such, highly desirable species represent an ongoing conservation threat and biosecurity risk via the pet-release invasion pathway. We aimed to characterise the Australian desire for illegal alien pets and investigate potential sources of external information that can be utilised to predict future desire. Using public live import enquiry records from the Australian Commonwealth Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment as a proxy for alien pet desire, we tested for differences in the proportion of species with threatened listings and records of invasions, after accounting for taxonomy. Additionally, we used a United States of America (U.S.) live imports dataset to infer pet demand in another Western market with less stringent regulations and determined whether species highly desired in Australia had higher U.S. trade demand than would be expected by chance. The Australian public desire for alien pets is heavily and significantly biased towards species threatened with extinction, species popular in the U.S. trade and species with a history of successful invasions. Not only does this indicate the potential impacts of pet desire on invasion risk and the conservation of threatened species, but we also highlight the potential role of the U.S. trade as an effective predictor for Australian desire. Our research emphasises the value of novel datasets in building predictive capacity for improved biosecurity awareness.
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Davis, Nicholas. "The annual reporting practices of an Australian Commonwealth Government department: An instance of deinstitutionalisation." Accounting History 22, no. 4 (May 25, 2017): 425–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373217707994.
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Luther, Matt, Fergus Gardiner, Shane Lenson, David Caldicott, Ryan Harris, Ryan Sabet, Mark Malloy, and Jo Perkins. "An Effective Risk Minimization Strategy Applied to an Outdoor Music Festival: A Multi-Agency Approach." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000195.
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Specific Event Identifiersa. Event type: Outdoor music festival.b. Event onset date: December 3, 2016.c. Location of event: Regatta Point, Commonwealth Park.d. Geographical coordinates: Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia (-35.289002, 149.131957, 600m).e. Dates and times of observation in latitude, longitude, and elevation: December 3, 2016, 11:00-23:00.f. Response type: Event medical support.AbstractIntroductionYoung adult patrons are vulnerable to risk-taking behavior, including drug taking, at outdoor music festivals. Therefore, the aim of this field report is to discuss the on-site medical response during a music festival, and subsequently highlight observed strategies aimed at minimizing substance abuse harm.MethodThe observed outdoor music festival was held in Canberra (Australian Capital Territory [ACT], Australia) during the early summer of 2016, with an attendance of 23,008 patrons. First aid and on-site medical treatment data were gained from the relevant treatment area and service.ResultsThe integrated first aid service provided support to 292 patients. Final analysis consisted of 286 patients’ records, with 119 (41.6%) males and 167 (58.4%) females. Results from this report indicated that drug intoxication was an observed event issue, with 15 (5.1%) treated on site and 13 emergency department (ED) presentations, primarily related to trauma or medical conditions requiring further diagnostics.ConclusionThis report details an important public health need, which could be met by providing a coordinated approach, including a robust on-site medical service, accepting intrinsic risk-taking behavior. This may include on-site drug-checking, providing reliable information on drug content with associated education.LutherM, GardinerF, LensonS, CaldicottD, HarrisR, SabetR, MalloyM, PerkinsJ. An effective risk minimization strategy applied to an outdoor music festival: a multi-agency approach. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):220–224.
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Hood, Christopher, Paul Roberts, and Marilyn Chilvers. "Cutbacks and Public Bureaucracy: Consequences in Australia." Journal of Public Policy 10, no. 2 (April 1990): 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00004797.
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ABSTRACTDrawing on data for 60 Australian Commonwealth government bureaucracies 1976–86, this paper explores what measurable consequences for bureaucratic structure can be associated with staffing and spending cutbacks. It looks at cutbacks both at government-wide and at individual-bureaucracylevel, on the basis of a casualty list intended to portray the different dimensions of relative bureaucratic ‘suffering’ more systematically than has hitherto been done in the cutback management literature. It then explores associations between measures of cutbacks and indicators of structural consequences, both at government-wide and departmental level, relating that to the debate as to whether ‘leaner means weaker’ in government cutbacks. The ‘leaner means weaker’ view of bureaucratic cutbacks is hard to sustain from these data.
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King, Demus. "2015 Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release." APPEA Journal 55, no. 1 (2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14006.
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The oil and gas sector is a key contributor to the Australian economy, contributing $30.8 billion in commodity export earnings in 2013–14 (Department of Industry and Science, 2015). Underpinning future growth in the value of oil and gas to the Australian economy is the almost $200 billion of investment in seven LNG projects under construction. Australia relies on foreign capital to continue to explore for, and develop, its natural resources. New challenges and opportunities are arising for the sector. Increased international competition, advancing technology, and increasing risks and volatile costs associated with the development of fields are features of the current offshore operating environment. Australia’s legislative and policy settings must be sufficiently robust and flexible to support the continued development of Australia’s offshore resources into the future. To this end, the Australian Government is undertaking a high-level strategic review of the resource management framework for offshore petroleum resources in Commonwealth waters. The review will test the robustness of the policy, legal and regulatory regime to ensure the framework remains flexible enough to keep pace with the evolving environment and continues to attract investment. The annual Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release facilitates new investment in offshore petroleum exploration. The 2015 Acreage Release is accompanied by an updated exploration guideline. The guideline increases flexibility in permit management and clarifies competitive work program bidding expectations and good standing as well as providing more flexibility in the way good standing agreements may be discharged. This will enable industry to undertake exploration with increased autonomy and reduce the administrative burden. It accommodates changing technological capacity and encourages increased exploration in Australia’s offshore waters.
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de Crespigny, Charlotte, Inge Kowanko, Helen Murray, Carolyn Emden, and Scott Wilson. "Improving Indigenous health through better medication management: an overview." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 1 (2005): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05003.
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This paper provides an overview of a major South Australian research project with implications for the health of all Indigenous Australians. The researchers set out to explore the medication needs of Aboriginal people with mental health problems and found that most Aboriginal people have to deal with profound challenges to social and emotional wellbeing with significant medication implications. No previous research had investigated the problem of medication use by Aboriginal people in metropolitan, rural and remote locations to the depth and extent of this project. The research therefore is of widespread relevance and holds interest for many Indigenous and non-Indigenous individuals and groups, consumers, service providers and policy-makers. As a research team comprising Indigenous and non-Indigenous members, we were committed to implementing strategies in the course of the project with immediate benefit to project participants as well as longer-term impact on improved use of medications. The design of the project enabled these strategic interventions and we are pleased to promote this model to other researchers. Recommendations from the project concern services, coordination of care, carers and family members, workforce education, and community development. Readers are advised where the project report and other published papers can be accessed. The project was funded by the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing.
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Lau, Katherine A., Torsten Theis, Alexa M. Kaufer, Joanna L. Gray, and William D. Rawlinson. "A decade of RCPAQAP Biosecurity improving testing for biological threats in Australia." Microbiology Australia 41, no. 3 (2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma20039.
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Biosecurity is a term broadly applied to the protection, control and accountability of biological agents and toxins to minimise the risk of their introduction through natural, unintentional (accidents) or deliberate processes. Biosecurity protection involves the engagement of all stakeholders including government, public health networks, industry, and scientific community. While the Commonwealth Government primarily manages biosecurity, it is also a shared responsibility with State and Territory governments. Rapid, accurate diagnosis is essential to informing all levels of response to biosecurity threats. External quality assurance (EQA) through proficiency testing (PT) is an indispensable tool to allow assessment of laboratory performance. This ensures laboratory capability and capacity are in a constant state of readiness to effectively detect biological threats and reduce the impact and transmission of disease. Since 2009, the Royal College of Pathologists Australasia Quality Assurance Program (RCPAQAP) has been contracted by the Australian Government Department of Health to establish a proficiency testing program (PTP) for the detection of biological threat agents. Starting out as a PTP for the detection of Bacillus anthracis, RCPAQAP Biosecurity has undergone significant transformation, thereby building and enhancing laboratory preparedness. Alterations in the program have been in line with the changing landscape of biosecurity and other emerging infectious diseases across Australia, and worldwide.
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Saunders, Benjamin B. "Responsible Government, Statutory Authorities and the Australian Constitution." Federal Law Review 48, no. 1 (November 28, 2019): 4–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x19890445.
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This article examines the compatibility of extra-departmental executive agencies, a defining feature of the modern regulatory state, with responsible government, one of the architectonic principles of the Australian Constitution. Some scholars have argued that a constitutional implication derived from responsible government should be drawn limiting the types of entities that may be established by the Commonwealth and imposing requirements relating to the relationship that must exist between ministers and entities within their portfolio. This article argues that the view that independent statutory agencies are a derogation from the principles of responsible government rests on a misunderstanding of responsible government. Responsible government is an inherently evolutionary system: as incorporated into the Australian Constitution, responsible government was intended to be flexible and non-prescriptive, allowing for change in the governmental arrangements considered necessary from time to time. Independent statutory agencies should not be seen as a challenge to the true principles of responsible government but a legitimate evolution in governance arrangements, which the Constitution deliberately left open.
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Nihalani, Paroo. "Communication." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 79-80 (January 1, 1988): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.79-80.03nih.
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Abstract The widespread use of the Daniel Jones’s English Pronouncing Dictionary in the commonwealth countries seems to imply that British Received Pronunciation (BRP) is the model of English prescribed for the learners of English in these countries. To my mind, this form of pronunciation represents an unrealistic objective and one that is perhaps undesirable. I consider RP as the ‘normative model’ that limits itself to the consideration of communicative intentions attributed to the speaker only. I should like to argue in favour of a communicative model which goes by the measure of success with which a transaction between two participants is negotiated. In the second part, the paper discusses the importance of para-phonological features such as ‘plesasant’ voice quality for communicative purposes. It is suggested that perhaps a course in Spoken English based on ‘diction’ and ‘dramatics’ rather than on the exact phonetic quality of sounds will prove to be more effective. Phonetic correlates of what is called ‘pleasant’ voice quality have also been discussed. The widespread use of the Daniel Jones’s English Pronouncing Dictionary in the commonwealth countries seems to imply that British Received Pronunciation (BRP) is the model of English prescribed for the learners of English in these countries. To my mind, this form of pronunciation represents an unrealistic objective and one that is perhaps undesirable. I consider RP as the ‘normative model’ that limits itself to the consideration of communicative intentions attributed to the speaker only. I should like to argue in favour of a communicative model which goes by the measure of success with which a transaction between two participants, either individuals and/or groups, is negotiated. RP has a set of rules prescribed for the speaker whereas the hearer-based communicative two-way interactional model considers the hearer as an active participant because it is after all up to the hearer either to accept the speech act as a successful speech act or reject it as more or less inappropriate or unhappy. Only the observation of the hearer’s answer can tell whether the speaker has succeeded in performing his/her speech act. This conventional effect should be analysed in the hearer’s uptake and of the speaker’s acceptance of such acceptance. Within the framework of Speech Act theory, an utterance is treated as an act performed by a speaker in a context with reference to an addressee. This pragmatic model focusses on strips of activity and speech acts as occurring in interaction. Within this framework, events as opposed to system, activity as opposed to rules, actual behaviour as opposed to cultural patterns are in focus. The problem of the choice of an instructional model with regard to spoken English has been debated in most of the commonwealth countries, and it seems to have generated a lot of heat. Arguments in favour of the British native model (BRP) have been advocated by the purists and perfectionists like Daniel Jones (1948), Prator (1968) and some other language conservatives. People like Abercrombie (1956, 1965), Kachru (1979), Bamgbose (1971), Bansal (1966) and Mary Tay (1982) who believe in a more realistic approach have suggested the acceptance of an indigenous model under the name of Educated West African English, Educated Singaporean English, Educated Indian English....etc. There aren’t any marked differences between standard native varieties and the Educated indigenous Englishes as far as morphology and syntax are concerned. Grammar is something ‘sacred’. The phonology of Educated indigenous Englishes, however, varies tremendously and one tends to be rather tolerant about this. Ideally speaking, the nonnative speaker should aim at BRP, because the standard of correct usage in a language, whether it is phonology or grammar, is the usage prevalent among the educated native speakers. British Received Pronunciation (BRP), however, has to be an unrealised ideal, partly because we do not have live speakers of this model. Any language model to be followed in instruction and learning has to be a living model. Furthermore, I am rather apprehensive whether such a thing as RP really exists any more even in Britain. I think even in England where it has such great prestige, the proportion of RP speakers would not exceed 3 per cent in 1988. The younger generation in Britain is beginning to feel more democratic and grow-ing rather hostile to the whole business of RP. Professor David Abercrombie, during his last visit to India, maintained that most of the Heads of Departments of English in British univerisities do not speak RP. He went on to add that their three Prime Ministers - Harold Wilson, Edward Heath and James Callaghan - did not speak RP. I am therefore inclined to agree with Abercrombie (1964:14) that “RP is an anachronism in the present-day democratic society”. In most of the commonwealth countries, it has been fashionable to promote the use of English that has a native-speaker base with everyone being encouraged to speak like a native speaker. Therefore, most of the research in the past on nonnative varieties (e.g., Tay (1982), Bansal (1966), Tiffen (1974)) has sought to identify the ways in which a nonnative variety deviates from a native variety at the segmental level. The typical approach in this tradition is to use the native accent selected for comparison as a template, juxtapose it against the template. Their research, thus, has largely concentrated on the way a nonnative accent deviates from a particular native accent, e.g. Singaporean English and R.P., Taiwanese English and American English, or Fijian English and Australian English. Evidently, the studies referred to fail to distinguish between the core properties of native accents and their accidental proprerties. Bansal’s study, for example, identifies the lack of contrast between “cot” and “caught” in Indian English. To my mind, this is a minor/uninteresting feature because for most speakers of standard American English there is no contrast between “bomb” and “balm” either. Both Indian and American speakers of English distinguish between “caught” and “court”, but this distinction is lost in British English. If keeping the segmental distinctions were the primary purpose of teaching spoken English, we would have to teach speakers of General American and RP to keep the distinctions that they do not maintain. Realisational differences are equally unimportant. Thus, Tay (1983) points out that the diphthong /ei/ is realised as [e:] in Singaporean English. However, this is true for most North American varieties as well, and there is no special reason why the speakers of Singaporean English alone should change their habits.
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Hirst, Sarah, and Peter Jobson. "Unmounted Doesn’t Mean Unprocessed: A Case Study of Exporting Australian Herbarium Specimens." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e26284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26284.
Full textAbstract:
In 2017, two incoming international herbarium loans were confiscated and destroyed by the Commonwealth Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (DAWR). Following these regrettable incidents, communication has improved between Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC) and Plant Import Operations Branch of DAWR. The outcome is that new protocols now exist for shipment of plant material between herbaria based on the recognition by DAWR that all herbarium specimens are in fact processed (pressed, dried and frozen) even if they are not fully mounted (Brown et al, this conference). Simultaneously, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) had been reported to be destroying incoming unmounted specimens, thus making it difficult to send unmounted exchange material overseas, and particularly to the USA. Using the documentation developed for incoming overseas loans by MAHC and, encouraging the receiving institution in the USA to acquire a USDA 588 Importing Permit for unprocessed plant specimens (non-loan, unmounted herbarium specimens), it was possible to export unmounted herbarium specimens and dried DNA samples into the USA. Excluding the USA specific requirements, we were also able to export exchange material and dried DNA samples to Singapore and Sweden.
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Booth, Geoffrey. "Achieving Integrated Planning in a Federal Westminster System of Government." Queensland Review 7, no. 1 (August 2000): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600002063.
Full textAbstract:
Since all resources are limited, their most judicious and efficient use can only be achieved through forethought and planning. Such resource allocation decisions are predominantly made by government. When this function is spread across three levels of government each with their own departments of state and other agencies this task is made more difficult. Integrated planning involves the coordinated delivery of Commonwealth, State, Local Government and private sector investment to implement an agreed plan. The level of government in both Canada and Australia best placed to initiate, formulate and guide the implementation of such integrated plans is local government. This is despite the fact that it has no constitutional recognition and, in both revenue raising and expenditure terms, it remains very much the third tier of government.
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Male, Sally Amanda, and Robin W. King. "Enhancing learning outcomes from industry engagement in Australian engineering education." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 10, no. 1 (May 3, 2019): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2019vol10no1art792.
Full textAbstract:
Industry engagement, commonly implemented as a 12 week industry placement during a vacation towards the end of the degree, has traditionally been a provider-mandated component of externally accredited professional engineering degrees in Australia. Such placements are intended to bridge knowledge and capability gaps between academic study and engineering employment and contextualise the final phase of academic study. Changes in the composition of Australia’s engineering industries have made it progressively harder to source such placements. In-curriculum exposure to engineering practice has also been expected, but has been delivered with considerable variability. In 2014 the authors completed a national project, led by the Australian Council of Engineering Deans (ACED), with peak industry bodies and several partner universities, funded from the Commonwealth Department of Industry Workplace Innovation Program, to explore how improving industry engagement could contribute further to engineering graduates’ learning outcomes and employability. The data collected from the engineering students and employers, reported in this paper, can now be regarded as baseline data on industry engagement, against which subsequent developments can be referenced. For the first time, students’ ratings of the value of different methods for industry engagement are shown to be related to their ‘authenticity’. Several industry-inspired in-curriculum interventions were also trialled at partner universities. Guidelines for good practice were developed from melding the experiential findings with theoretical perspectives. In the years since completing the project, the accreditation body, Engineers Australia, has updated and intensified its focus on engagement with practice (including changing its language from ‘exposure’ to ‘engagement’), and many engineering faculties have significantly enhanced their models and requirements for work integrated learning and industry engagement. This paper outlines these changes and examples of new implementations, including virtual and electronically-mediated methods that also reflect ongoing changes in engineering industry practice.
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White, Robert E., and Martin Andrew. "Orthodox Soil Science versus Alternative Philosophies: A Clash of Cultures in a Modern Context." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 23, 2019): 2919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102919.
Full textAbstract:
In Australia, orthodox soil scientists dealing with land management and alternative practitioners who promote ‘regenerative agriculture’ have not been communicating and engaging effectively with each other. Over many years, scientists in the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), state departments and universities have made significant achievements in mapping soil distribution, describing soil behaviour and identifying key soil properties and processes that are fundamental to healthy soil function. However, many alternative practitioners are dismissive of these achievements and highly critical of orthodox soil science. Yet many of the tools of soil science are essential to conduct evidence-based research towards elucidating how and why the exceptional results claimed by some alternative practitioners are achieved. We stress the importance of effective engagement and communication among all parties to resolve this ‘clash of cultures’.
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Heiden, K. "OVERVIEW AND REVIEW OF THE COMMONWEALTH ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999." APPEA Journal 42, no. 1 (2002): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01043.
Full textAbstract:
This paper provides a brief overview of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the Act) and discusses the operational performance of the Act in the first 18 months.The introduction of the Act on 16 July 2000 has created a new environmental assessment and approval regime at the Commonwealth level. Proposals are no longer referred for assessment on the basis of government decisions, but on the basis of the potential for a proposal to impact upon a matter of National Environmental Significance (NES). An analysis of projects that have been referred, assessed and approved provides a useful guide to the types of activities, and the circumstances under which proposals are captured by the Act. This exercise is particularly valuable for the oil and gas sector.With a significant proportion of referrals received being generated by the petroleum industry, many issues with the administration of the Act have been identified. Environment Australia has undertaken a number of initiatives to address these concerns. Examples include involvement in the Strategic Assessment being conducted by the Department of Industry Tourism and Resources (DITR), a review of the Referral form and an undertaking to provide a more industry-specific form, and regular, high level meetings between Environment Australia, the DITR and APPEA to facilitate and streamline the working arrangements between parties.The paper also identifies areas where industry can work closely with the Commonwealth Government in new ways to achieve a balance between environmental protection and the continued development of the oil and gas industry.
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Robinson, David, Merrie-Ellen Gunning, Tim Evans, Lisa Hall, Baskaran Sundaram, Anthony Swirepik, Andrew Stacey, Rodney Dann, and Kate Holland. "Geological and bioregional assessments – enabling future tight, shale and deep coal gas development – Cooper Basin case study." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18165.
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The Australian Government’s Geological and Bioregional Assessment (GBA) Program is a series of independent scientific studies conducted by Geoscience Australia and CSIRO, supported by the Bureau of Meteorology and managed by the Department of the Environment and Energy. These studies focus on the Cooper, Isa and Beetaloo GBA regions, all of which include basins which are prospective, but under-explored, for shale, tight and/or deep coal gas. The GBA Program seeks to expedite development in order to bring new gas resources to the east coast gas market within the next 5–10 years through increased understanding of the potential environmental impacts posed by gas development and increasing the efficiency of assessment, monitoring and ongoing regulation, including improved data capture and reporting. This multi-agency program addresses the potential environmental impacts of gas development through geological and environmental baseline assessments and identification of major information gaps (Stage 2), followed by an analysis of the potential impacts on assets, including groundwater, surface water, environmental and cultural assets as well as Commonwealth and State matters of environmental significance (Stage 3). This paper will discuss how integrated conceptual models of the geology and hydrogeology of selected unconventional petroleum resources can be utilised by industry, regulators and other stakeholders. By establishing a baseline assessment for the Cooper Basin, which includes an integrated shale, tight and deep coal prospectivity and groundwater study, future development scenarios can be envisaged and the potential impact on groundwater and other resources contemplated. Similar baseline assessments and conceptual models are being developed for the Isa and Beetaloo GBA regions.
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Barrymore, Stuart. "Decommissioning of Australia's oil and gas facilities in the 21st century." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16004.
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Through 2016, there has been increasing interest in the rules and regulations that apply to decommission facilities in Australia’s offshore waters. APPEA is developing guidelines as is the State of Western Australia. The Department of Industry Innovation and Research is preparing a discussion paper on Australia’s decommissioning laws, regulation and practice. It is expected to issue by the end of 2016. These developments are long overdue. Australia’s laws regarding these activities have barely changed since the offshore legislation was enacted in 1967. How major facilities are decommissioned in Australia will be a matter of interest to numerous stakeholders. It seems likely that decisions taken in the next two years will result in a modernisation of Australia’s law and practice and will determine how the major offshore facilities will be decommissioned over the next 30 years. The paper canvasses the reform process, considers the more modern regimes overseas and whether they have achieved their objectives, looks at regional (Asia–Pacific) practice and informs delegates as to the path forward on any legislative reform. The position of the States and the Commonwealth are contrasted.
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Atlas, Alvin, Steve Milanese, Karen Grimmer, Sarah Barras, and Jacqueline H. Stephens. "Sources of information used by patients prior to elective surgery: a scoping review." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e023080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023080.
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ObjectiveTo describe the range and nature of available research regarding sources of information that patients access to inform their decisions about elective surgery.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPeer-reviewed studies published until February 2019 from the six scientific literature databases were searched and included in the study: Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, EMBASE and SCOPUS. Web searches for grey literature were conducted in Google, South Australia Department of Health, Commonwealth Department of Health (Australia) and My Aged Care from the Department of Social Services (Australia).Eligibility criteriaStudies with a focus on elective surgery information sources oriented to patients were eligible for inclusion. Only studies written in English were sought and no publication date or study restrictions were applied.Data extraction and synthesisIncluded literature was described by National Health and Medical Council hierarchy of evidence, and data were extracted on country and year of publication, type of literature, who provided it and any information on end users. Information sources were categorised by type and how information was presented.ResultsA pool of 1039 articles was reduced to 26 after screening for duplicates and non-relevant studies. Face-to-face exchanges were the most likely source of information prior to elective surgery (59.3%), printed information (55.6%) followed by e-learning (51.9%) and multimedia (14.8%). The face-to-face category included information provided by the physician/general practitioners/specialists, and family and friends. Printed information included brochures and pamphlets, e-learning consisted of internet sites or videos and the use of multimedia included different mixed media format.ConclusionThere is considerable variability regarding the types of information patients use in their decision to undergo elective surgery. The most common source of health information (face-to-face interaction with medical personnel) raises the question that the information provided could be incomplete and/or biased, and dependent on what their health provider knew or chose to tell them.